An acoustic absorption and sound insulation structure based on powder energy absorption

Abstract

The present invention discloses a sound absorption and insulation structure based on powder energy absorption, which comprises a perforated plate, a sound insulation material, a thin cover plate and an acoustic black hole plate stacked in sequence. A plurality of groove structures distributed in an array are arranged on the acoustic black hole plate. The groove structures are matched with the surface of the thin cover plate to form a closed cavity, and the cavity is filled with a powder energy absorption material. Compared with the existing sound absorption and insulation structures, the powder energy absorption method is adopted in this device, which can better absorb the sound wave energy generated by noise, thereby reducing the further noise pollution phenomenon caused by multiple reflections, and effectively reducing the noise level.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention is a sound absorption and insulation structure based on powder energy absorption. Background Art

[0002] Noise generated by vibration is one of the important problems affecting human comfort at present. The main means adopted currently is to combine sound absorption and insulation for noise reduction treatment. Common materials include porous foaming materials, perforated plates, and other common acoustic insulation structures.

[0003] The acoustic black hole effect is a new type of sound insulation and noise reduction structure. It mainly utilizes a certain black hole structure inside the material to achieve an energy convergence effect, effectively dissipate the energy carried by sound waves, and thus obtain low-noise conditions.

[0004] Researchers constructed an acoustic experimental platform to analyze the improvement of the sound insulation ability of the acoustic black hole structure by the damping phenomenon and obtained the following three conclusions:

[0005] 1. The non-ideal acoustic black hole thin plate with truncation has an energy aggregation effect. The aggregation effect in the medium and high frequency bands is better than that in the low frequency band, but the vibration reduction effect of the non-ideal acoustic black hole thin plate without a damping layer is not obvious compared with the uniform thin plate.

[0006] 2. Laying a damping layer below the non-ideal acoustic black hole area can effectively reduce the influence of the truncation and thus attenuate the vibration energy. The vibration reduction amplitude of the non-ideal acoustic black hole thin plate with the same size damping layer increases with the increase of frequency.

[0007] 3. As the radius of the damping layer laying increases, the laying area of the damping layer increases, and the vibration suppression of the non-ideal acoustic black hole thin plate structure becomes stronger and stronger. Thickening the original damping layer can further enhance the vibration attenuation amplitude of the structure.

[0008] Based on the above conclusions, researchers can further develop how to generate a damping phenomenon through powder energy absorption, thereby further improving the sound absorption and insulation ability of the sound insulation structure to obtain a better sound absorption and insulation board structure. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art and provide a sound absorption and insulation structure based on powder energy absorption.

[0010] A sound absorption and insulation structure based on powder energy absorption includes a perforated plate, a sound insulation material, a thin cover plate, and an acoustic black hole plate stacked in sequence. The acoustic black hole plate is provided with a plurality of groove structures distributed in an array. The groove structures match the surface of the thin cover plate and form a closed cavity, and the cavity is filled with a powder energy absorption material.

[0011] In this device, acoustic energy is absorbed by the vibration of the powder material, thereby reducing the decibel level of the noise, so as to play a role in noise reduction. The powder energy-absorbing material is metal powder or inorganic non-metal powder. Among them, metal powder is preferably selected, and tungsten carbide powder is preferably used because the energy-absorbing ability of metal powder is stronger. However, in some scenarios with low noise levels, inorganic non-metal powder can also be used for energy absorption. In some special scenarios, energy absorption can also be carried out in a mixed doping manner.

[0012] In order to further improve the absorption degree of the powder energy-absorbing material for sound waves and increase the contact area level between the powder energy-absorbing material and the material that can conduct vibration, the following two deformed structures are proposed on the premise of the original planar contact:

[0013] 1. The thin cover plate is provided with an arc-shaped protrusion matching the groove structure. The arc-shaped protrusion is embedded inside the groove structure and forms a closed cavity, and the closed cavity is filled with powder energy-absorbing material.

[0014] 2. The thin cover plate is provided with a circular protrusion matching the groove structure. The inside of the circular protrusion is a cavity. The circular protrusion is embedded in the inner wall of the groove structure and forms an annular closed cavity, and the annular closed cavity is filled with powder energy-absorbing material.

[0015] The above two deformed structures both increase the contact area between the powder energy-absorbing material and the vibration conduction part through different structural changes. The first one directly increases the contact surface, while the second one uses a hollow sphere to increase the vibration conduction, and changes the original semi-spherical cavity to an annular cavity to further increase the conduction ability.

[0016] Furthermore, the sound insulation material is a porous foaming material, and the material of the thin cover plate is a hard metal material.

[0017] Furthermore, the material of the acoustic black hole plate is a hard material.

[0018] Furthermore, the particle size of the powder energy-absorbing material is 0.01 mm to 0.1 mm, and the proportion of powder energy-absorbing materials with different particle sizes is adjusted according to the noise frequency. Among them, the filling rate of the powder energy-absorbing material is adjusted according to the noise decibel distribution, and the filling rate level is between 15% and 65%.

[0019] Beneficial effects:

[0020] This device uses powder vibration for effective energy absorption, thereby reducing the noise to the lowest level, and through effective structural improvement, the contact area of powder energy absorption is increased to maximize the powder energy absorption ability.

[0021] Compared with the existing sound absorption and insulation structures, the method of using powder energy absorption in this device can better absorb the sound wave energy generated by noise, thereby reducing the further noise pollution phenomenon caused by multiple reflections and effectively reducing the noise level. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a sound absorption and insulation structure based on powder energy absorption;

[0023] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a deformed structure based on powder energy absorption;

[0024] Figure 3 is a 3D schematic diagram of a deformed structure based on powder energy absorption;

[0025] In the figure: 1. perforated plate; 2. sound insulation material; 3. thin cover plate; 4. acoustic black hole plate; 5. tungsten carbide powder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0026] To deepen the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments and the drawings. The embodiments are only used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0027] Embodiment 1:

[0028] As Figure 1 shown, a sound absorption and insulation structure based on powder energy absorption includes a perforated plate, a sound insulation material, a thin cover plate, and an acoustic black hole plate stacked in sequence. The acoustic black hole plate is provided with a plurality of groove structures distributed in an array. The groove structures are matched with the surface of the thin cover plate to form a closed cavity, and the cavity is filled with a powder energy absorption material.

[0029] Embodiment 2:

[0030] As Figure 2 shown, the thin cover plate is provided with an arc-shaped protrusion that matches the groove structure. The arc-shaped protrusion is embedded inside the groove structure and forms a closed cavity, and the closed cavity is filled with a powder energy absorption material.

[0031] Embodiment 3:

[0032] As Figure 3 shown, the thin cover plate is provided with a circular protrusion that matches the groove structure. The inside of the circular protrusion is a cavity. The circular protrusion is embedded in the inner wall of the groove structure and forms an annular closed cavity, and the annular closed cavity is filled with a powder energy absorption material.

[0033] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An acoustic and sound insulation structure based on powder energy absorption, characterized in that, it includes a perforated plate, a sound insulation material, a thin cover plate and an acoustic black hole plate stacked in sequence. A number of groove structures are arranged in an array on the acoustic black hole plate, a circular protrusion matching the groove structure is provided on the thin cover plate. The inside of the circular protrusion is a cavity. The circular protrusion is embedded in the inner wall of the groove structure and forms an annular closed cavity. The annular closed cavity is filled with a powder energy absorption material.

2. The acoustic and sound insulation structure based on powder energy absorption according to claim 1, characterized in that, the powder energy absorption material is metal powder or inorganic non-metal powder.

3. The acoustic and sound insulation structure based on powder energy absorption according to claim 2, characterized in that, the powder energy absorption material is tungsten carbide powder.

4. The acoustic and sound insulation structure based on powder energy absorption according to claim 1, characterized in that, the sound insulation material is a porous foaming material, and the material of the thin cover plate is a hard metal material.

5. The acoustic and sound insulation structure based on powder energy absorption according to claim 1, characterized in that, the material of the acoustic black hole plate is a hard material.

6. The acoustic and sound insulation structure based on powder energy absorption according to claim 1, characterized in that, the particle size of the powder energy absorption material is 0.01 mm to 0.1 mm, and the proportion of powder energy absorption materials with different particle sizes is adjusted according to the noise frequency. Among them, the filling rate of the powder energy absorption material is adjusted according to the noise decibel distribution, and the filling rate level is between 15% and 65%.

Images