Large compression ratio six-prism elastic telescopic mechanism with stable structure

Abstract

This invention discloses a large compression ratio hexagonal prism elastic telescopic mechanism with a stable structure, comprising two end three-ring telescopic mechanisms and several series-connected hexagonal prism three-ring retraction mechanisms. The two ends of the series-connected hexagonal prism three-ring telescopic mechanisms are connected to the end three-ring telescopic mechanisms. Each end three-ring telescopic mechanism includes a central disc, a type I connecting rod, a wing-shaped joint, a type II connecting rod, a spring, a Y-shaped joint, and a tension spring. The end three-ring telescopic mechanisms are located at both ends of the series-connected hexagonal prism three-ring telescopic mechanisms, while the hexagonal prism telescopic mechanisms are located in the middle section. The number of end three-ring retraction mechanisms can be configured according to requirements. The end three-ring retraction mechanisms share the spring, Y-shaped joint, and tension spring with the hexagonal prism three-ring telescopic mechanisms. This invention features a simple structure, a large expansion ratio, structural stability, and freely designable telescopic stiffness. It can be applied to various fields with compact installation spaces and requirements for large stroke and variable stiffness buffering.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of deployable mechanism technology, specifically relating to a large compression ratio hexagonal prism elastic telescopic mechanism with a stable structure. Background Technology

[0002] Ship piers serve as vital communication channels between two floating structures or between a fixed object and a floating structure at sea. Due to the effects of large waves and strong winds, piers experience significant undulation and rocking, hindering the movement of personnel and supplies and even posing safety risks. To address this issue, the pier's structure needs to actively adjust its relative attitude to follow the rise and fall of the waves; that is, the pier must adjust its own attitude to maintain a small range of movement or remain stationary relative to one of the two connected structures. Conversely, the pier's movement relative to the other connected structure will be substantial. Therefore, a large-stroke buffer mechanism is required to mitigate the impact between the pier and its connecting structure.

[0003] Existing long-stroke buffer mechanisms mainly use long-stroke compression springs for buffering and energy storage, relying solely on the deformation energy of the spring to absorb impact energy. However, due to the limitations of the spring's own structure, under the condition of constant stiffness, the larger the spring's compression stroke, the weaker its shape retention ability. For applications requiring low stiffness and long stroke, a guide post is often required to be designed in the center of the spring to maintain its shape, which not only increases the mass of the buffer mechanism but also greatly increases its space occupation. In addition, for applications requiring variable stiffness buffering, the spring's mean diameter needs to be designed as a conical or other non-cylindrical structure, which is not conducive to applications in compact spaces such as ships. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a hexagonal prism elastic telescopic mechanism with a stable structure and a large compression ratio, so as to solve the problems in the background art.

[0005] The technical solution adopted to achieve the above objectives is a hexagonal prism elastic telescopic mechanism with a stable structure and a large compression ratio, comprising two end three-ring telescopic mechanisms, several hexagonal prism three-ring telescopic mechanisms connected in series, and the two ends of the several hexagonal prism three-ring telescopic mechanisms connected in series being connected to the end three-ring telescopic mechanisms.

[0006] The end three-ring telescopic mechanism includes a central disc, a type I connecting rod, a wing-shaped joint, a type II connecting rod, a spring, a Y-shaped joint, and a tension spring. The central disc has a type I side lug, the wing-shaped joint has a type II side lug and a lower lug, and the Y-shaped joint has a type III side lug. One end of the type I connecting rod is hinged to the type I side lug on the central disc, and the other end of the type I connecting rod is hinged to the lower lug on the wing-shaped joint. The type II side lug on the wing-shaped joint is hinged to one end of the type II connecting rod, and the other end of the type II connecting rod is fixedly connected to the spring. The spring is fixedly connected to the type III side lug on the Y-shaped joint, and both ends of the tension spring are fixed to two adjacent Y-shaped joints respectively.

[0007] The hexagonal prism ring telescopic mechanism includes a spring, a Y-shaped connector, a tension spring, and three types of connecting rods. The two ends of the three types of connecting rods are respectively fixedly connected to one end of two springs. The springs are fixedly connected to the three types of side ears on the Y-shaped connectors. The two ends of the tension springs are respectively fixedly connected to two adjacent Y-shaped connectors.

[0008] The end three-ring telescopic mechanism is set at both ends of several hexagonal prism three-ring telescopic mechanisms connected in series. The hexagonal prism telescopic mechanism is set in the middle section. Several can be set as needed. The end three-ring telescopic mechanism and the hexagonal prism three-ring telescopic mechanism share the spring, Y-shaped joint and tension spring.

[0009] Furthermore, the central disc has three pairs of first-type side ears, with an angle of 120° between the hinge axes of two adjacent pairs of first-type side ears; the wing-shaped connector has two pairs of second-type side ears and one lower ear, with an angle of 60° between the hinge axes of the two pairs of second-type side ears, and the two pairs of second-type side ears are symmetrically arranged about the lower ear, with an angle of 60° between the hinge axis of the lower ear and the hinge axis of the second-type side ears; the fixing surfaces of the third-type side ears on the Y-shaped connector are at 60° to each other.

[0010] Furthermore, the spring sheet is planar in its free state and does not provide elastic force, while it is curved in its compressed state and provides elastic force.

[0011] Furthermore, the end three-ring telescopic mechanism includes a number of rods of type I connecting rods that are the same as the number of lugs of type I, and a number of rods of type II connecting rods that are the same as the number of lugs of type II; each hexagonal prism three-ring telescopic mechanism includes 12 rods of the three types of connecting rods.

[0012] Furthermore, the hexagonal prism ring telescopic mechanism comprises three sets of springs, Y-shaped connectors, and tension springs. Each set contains six springs, three Y-shaped connectors, and three tension springs. The springs and Y-shaped connectors in each set are evenly arranged at the three vertices of an equilateral triangle. The angle between the lines of symmetry of the equilateral triangle structure formed by two adjacent sets of springs, Y-shaped connectors, and tension springs is 60°. The springs are fixedly connected to the three types of side lugs on the Y-shaped connectors. The two ends of the tension springs are fixedly connected to two adjacent Y-shaped connectors. There are 12 three types of connecting rods, and the two ends of each three types of connecting rod are fixedly connected to one end of two adjacent springs in two adjacent sets.

[0013] Furthermore, the high compression ratio hexagonal prism elastic telescopic mechanism remains a hexagonal prism structure after compression.

[0014] Beneficial effects

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages.

[0016] 1. The present invention utilizes a hexagonal prism truss structure formed by multiple linkages to give the elastic telescopic mechanism good structural stability, which is beneficial to enhancing the mechanism's own shape retention capability;

[0017] 2. The present invention utilizes a hexagonal prism elastic telescopic mechanism composed of hinges and springs connecting multiple links, which has folding and extension capabilities, a large folding-to-expansion ratio, and occupies little space after folding. This is beneficial for applying the mechanism to occasions with large stroke buffering requirements and compact installation space.

[0018] 3. This invention utilizes spring sheets to connect three types of linkages and tension springs to connect Y-shaped joints, giving the mechanism strong design flexibility in terms of deformation stiffness in the extension and contraction direction. By selecting spring sheets and tension springs with different stiffnesses, the extension and contraction stiffness of the mechanism can be varied within a large range, which is beneficial to improving the mechanism's buffer adaptability. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention in its overall extended state;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the end three-ring telescopic mechanism in this invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the hexagonal prism three-ring telescopic mechanism in this invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the central flower plate of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the wing-shaped joint in this invention;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the Y-shaped connector in this invention;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a front view of the structure of the present invention under overall compression.

[0027] Figure 8 This is a side view of the structure of the present invention under overall compression. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0029] like Figures 1-8 As shown, a large compression ratio hexagonal prism elastic telescopic mechanism with a stable structure includes two end three-ring telescopic mechanisms 1 and several hexagonal prism three-ring telescopic mechanisms 2 connected in series. The two ends of the several hexagonal prism three-ring telescopic mechanisms 2 are connected to the end three-ring telescopic mechanisms 1. The end three-ring telescopic mechanism 1 includes a central disc 101, a first-type connecting rod 102, a wing-shaped joint 103, a second-type connecting rod 104, a spring 105, a Y-shaped joint 106, and a tension spring 107. The central flower disc 101 is provided with a first-type side lug 1011; the wing-shaped connector 103 is provided with a second-type side lug 1031 and a lower lug 1032; the Y-shaped connector 106 is provided with a third-type side lug 1061; one end of the first-type connecting rod 102 is hinged to the first-type side lug 1011 on the central flower disc 101; the other end of the first-type connecting rod 102 is hinged to the lower lug 1032 on the wing-shaped connector 103; and the second-type side lug 1031 on the wing-shaped connector 103 is hinged to one end of the second-type connecting rod 104. The other end of the second type of connecting rod 104 is fixedly connected to the spring piece 105. The spring piece 105 is fixedly connected to the third type of side lug 1061 on the Y-shaped connector 106. The two ends of the tension spring 107 are respectively fixed to two adjacent Y-shaped connectors 106. The hexagonal prism ring telescopic mechanism 2 includes the spring piece 105, the Y-shaped connector 106, the tension spring 107, and the third type of connecting rod 201. The two ends of the third type of connecting rod 201 are respectively fixedly connected to one end of two spring pieces 105. The three types of side lugs 1061 on the Y-shaped connector 106 are fixedly connected, and the two ends of the tension spring 107 are respectively fixedly connected to two adjacent Y-shaped connectors 106; the end three-ring telescopic mechanism 1 is set at both ends of several hexagonal prism three-ring telescopic mechanisms 2 connected in series, and the hexagonal prism telescopic mechanism 2 is set in the middle section. Several can be set according to requirements. The end three-ring telescopic mechanism 1 and the hexagonal prism three-ring telescopic mechanism 2 share the spring piece 105, Y-shaped connector 106 and tension spring 107.

[0030] The central disc 101 has three pairs of first-type side ears 1011, and the included angle between the hinge axes of two adjacent pairs of first-type side ears 1011 is 120°; the wing-shaped connector 103 has two pairs of second-type side ears 1031 and one lower ear 1032, and the included angle between the hinge axes of the two pairs of second-type side ears 1031 is 60°, and the two pairs of second-type side ears 1031 are symmetrically arranged about the lower ear 1032, and the included angle between the hinge axis of the lower ear 1032 and the hinge axis of the second-type side ears 1031 is 60°; the fixing surfaces of the third-type side ears 1061 on the Y-shaped connector 106 are at 60° to each other.

[0031] The spring piece 105 is a plane in its free state and does not provide elastic force, and a curved surface in its compressed state and provides elastic force.

[0032] The end three-ring telescopic mechanism 1 includes a type 1 connecting rod 102 with the same number of type 1 side lugs 1011, and a type 2 connecting rod 104 with the same number of type 2 side lugs 1031; each hexagonal prism three-ring telescopic mechanism 2 includes 12 types of connecting rods 201.

[0033] The hexagonal prism ring telescopic mechanism 2 has three sets of spring pieces 105, Y-shaped connectors 106, and tension springs 107. Each set has 6 spring pieces 105, 3 Y-shaped connectors 106, and 3 tension springs 107. Each set of spring pieces 105 and Y-shaped connectors 106 are evenly arranged on the three vertices of an equilateral triangle. The angle between the lines of symmetry of the equilateral triangle structure formed by two adjacent sets of spring pieces 105, Y-shaped connectors 106, and tension springs 107 is 60°. The spring pieces 105 are fixedly connected to the three types of side ears 1061 on the Y-shaped connectors 106. The two ends of the tension springs 107 are fixedly connected to two adjacent Y-shaped connectors 106. There are 12 three types of connecting rods 201. The two ends of each three types of connecting rod 201 are fixedly connected to one end of two adjacent sets of two close spring pieces 105.

[0034] In this invention, one end of the first type of connecting rod 102 is hinged to the first type of side lug 1011 of the central flower plate 101, and the other end of the first type of connecting rod 102 is hinged to the lower lug 1032 of the wing-shaped joint 103. The second type of side lug 1031 of the wing-shaped joint 103 is hinged to one end of the second type of connecting rod 104, and the other end of the second type of connecting rod 104 is fixed to the spring piece 105. The spring piece 105 is fixed to the third type of side lug 1061 of the Y-shaped joint 106, and the two ends of the tension spring 107 are respectively fixed to two adjacent Y-shaped joints 106.

[0035] The three types of connecting rods 201 are fixedly connected to one end of two spring plates 105 at both ends, the spring plates 105 are fixedly connected to the three types of side ears 1061 of the Y-shaped connector 106, and the two ends of the tension spring 107 are fixedly connected to two adjacent Y-shaped connectors 106 at both ends.

[0036] The end three-ring telescopic mechanism 1 is located at both ends of the high compression ratio hexagonal prism elastic telescopic mechanism. The end three-ring telescopic mechanism 1 and the hexagonal prism three-ring telescopic mechanism 2 share the spring 105, Y-shaped connector 106, and tension spring 107. The hexagonal prism three-ring telescopic mechanism 2 is located in the middle section of the high compression ratio hexagonal prism elastic telescopic mechanism, and multiple mechanisms can be set as needed.

[0037] When several hexagonal prism three-ring telescopic mechanisms 2 connected in series are interconnected, they share a spring 105, a Y-shaped connector 106, and a tension spring 107.

[0038] The central flower plate 101 has three pairs of first-type side ears 1011, and the included angle between the hinge axes of the two pairs of first-type side ears 1011 is 120°; the wing-shaped connector 103 has two pairs of second-type side ears 1031 and one lower ear 1032, and the included angle between the hinge axes of the two pairs of second-type side ears 1031 is 60°, and they are symmetrically arranged about the lower ear 1032, and the included angle between the hinge axis of the lower ear 1032 and the hinge axis of the second-type side ears 1031 is 60°; the fixing surfaces of the third-type side ears 1061 on the Y-shaped connector 106 are at 60° to each other.

[0039] The spring piece 105 is a plane in its free state and does not provide elastic force, and a curved surface in its compressed state and provides elastic force.

[0040] The number of links of the first type of connecting rod 102 included in the three-ring telescopic mechanism 1 is the same as the number of links of the first type of side lug 1011, and the number of links of the second type of connecting rod 104 included is the same as the number of links of the second type of side lug 1031; the number of links of the third type of connecting rod 201 included in the hexagonal prism three-ring telescopic mechanism 2 is 12.

[0041] This invention can be compressed, and still retains a hexagonal prism structure after compression. It features a simple structure, a large expansion ratio, strong structural stability, and freely designable expansion stiffness with a wide range of designable stiffness. It can be applied to various fields with compact installation space, large stroke buffering, and variable stiffness requirements.

[0042] In specific implementation, this invention firstly involves hinged connections between three pairs of Class I side lugs 1011 on the central disc 101 and three Class I connecting rods 102. The three Class I connecting rods 102 are respectively hinged to three wing-shaped connectors 103. Each wing-shaped connector 103 has a pair of Class II side lugs 1031 hinged to one end of two Class II connecting rods 104. The other end of each Class II connecting rod 104 is fixedly connected to a spring piece 105. Each spring piece 105 is fixedly connected to three Class II side lugs 1061 on a Y-shaped connector 106, forming a three-ring telescopic mechanism 1 with a hexagonal pyramid structure. Then, the spring pieces 105, Y-shaped connectors 106, and tension springs 107 are divided into three groups, and within each group, six spring pieces 105, three Y-shaped connectors 106, and three tension springs 107 are connected. Springs 107 are evenly distributed on the three vertices of an equilateral triangle. The angle between the symmetrical lines of the equilateral triangle structure formed by two adjacent sets of spring pieces 105, Y-shaped connectors 106, and tension springs 107 is set to 60°. The spring pieces 105 are fixedly connected to the three types of side ears 1061 on the Y-shaped connectors 106. The two ends of the tension springs 107 are fixedly connected to the two adjacent Y-shaped connectors 106 respectively. There are 12 types of connecting rods 201. The two ends of each type of connecting rod 201 are fixedly connected to one end of the two closest spring pieces 105 in the two adjacent sets to form a hexagonal prism three-ring telescopic mechanism 2. Finally, the hexagonal prism structure is achieved by sharing the spring pieces 105 and Y-shaped connectors 106 with the hexagonal prism three-ring telescopic mechanism 2. Furthermore, the hexagonal prism structure obtained by the above construction method has its connecting rods tightly stacked after compression. The length after compression is approximately the product of the number of groups in all hexagonal prism three-ring telescopic mechanisms 2 and the diameter of the three types of connecting rods 201. In the extended state, the length of the mechanism of the present invention is close to the product of the number of groups in all hexagonal prism three-ring telescopic mechanisms 2 and the length of the three types of connecting rods 201. Generally, the ratio of the length to the diameter of the three types of connecting rods 201 is greater than 10 times. Therefore, the hexagonal prism elastic telescopic mechanism of the present invention with a stable structure and a large compression ratio has a large compression ratio.

[0043] The working principle of this invention is as follows:

[0044] When a high-compression-ratio hexagonal prism elastic telescopic mechanism with a stable structure is subjected to an external impact force, the central disc of one end three-ring telescopic mechanism moves toward the central disc of the other end three-ring telescopic mechanism, thereby driving the movement of each type of linkage. The movement of each type of linkage drives the movement of the wing-shaped joint connected to it. The movement of the wing-shaped joint drives the movement of the corresponding type of linkage. The movement of each type of linkage causes the connected spring to fold, and causes each Y-shaped joint to move away from the center of the mechanism, which in turn causes the tension spring to be stretched. The restoring force generated by the folding of the spring and the restoring force generated by the stretching of the tension spring are transmitted to the central disc through each linkage and joint to resist the impact force. After the impact force is removed, these restoring forces force the high-compression-ratio hexagonal prism elastic telescopic mechanism with a stable structure to return to its initial state. By repeating this process, the work done by the impact force can be converted into the elastic potential energy of the spring and tension spring, and the elastic potential energy can be released when the impact force weakens or disappears, thus playing a role in buffering and absorbing energy. Furthermore, by designing the stiffness of each spring and tension spring, the energy absorption process of the large compression ratio hexagonal prism elastic telescopic mechanism with a stable structure can be transformed into a variable stiffness process. By adding or subtracting the hexagonal prism three-ring central contraction mechanism, the buffer stroke of the large compression ratio hexagonal prism elastic telescopic mechanism with a stable structure can be changed, making it easier to adapt to various buffering needs.

Claims

1. A large compression ratio hexagonal prism elastic expansion mechanism with a stable structure, comprising two end three-ring expansion mechanisms (1), a plurality of hexagonal prism three-ring expansion mechanisms (2) connected in series, and the two ends of the plurality of hexagonal prism three-ring expansion mechanisms (2) connected in series being connected with the end three-ring expansion mechanisms (1), characterized in that, The end three-ring telescopic mechanism (1) includes a central disc (101), a first-type connecting rod (102), a wing-shaped joint (103), a second-type connecting rod (104), a spring (105), a Y-shaped joint (106), and a tension spring (107). The central disc (101) is provided with a first-type side lug (1011), the wing-shaped joint (103) is provided with a second-type side lug (1031) and a lower lug (1032), and the Y-shaped joint (106) is provided with a third-type side lug (1061). One end of the first-type connecting rod (102) is hinged to a first-type side lug (1011) on the central disc (101), and the other end of the first-type connecting rod (102) is hinged to a lower lug (1032) on the wing-shaped connector (103). The second-type side lug (1031) on the wing-shaped connector (103) is hinged to one end of the second-type connecting rod (104), and the other end of the second-type connecting rod (104) is fixedly connected to a spring piece (105). The spring piece (105) is connected to a third-type side lug on the Y-shaped connector (106). The ear (1061) is fixedly connected, and the two ends of the tension spring (107) are respectively fixed to two adjacent Y-shaped connectors (106); the hexagonal prism three-ring telescopic mechanism (2) includes a spring (105), a Y-shaped connector (106), a tension spring (107), and a three-type connecting rod (201). The two ends of the three-type connecting rod (201) are respectively fixedly connected to one end of two springs (105), and the springs (105) are fixedly connected to the three-type side ears (1061) on the Y-shaped connector (106). The two ends of the tension spring (107) are fixedly connected to two adjacent Y-shaped connectors (106); the end three-ring telescopic mechanism (1) is set at both ends of several series-connected hexagonal prism three-ring telescopic mechanisms (2), the hexagonal prism three-ring telescopic mechanism (2) is set in the middle section, and several can be set according to requirements. The end three-ring telescopic mechanism (1) and the hexagonal prism three-ring telescopic mechanism (2) are connected by a shared spring sheet (105), Y-shaped connector (106), and tension spring (107).

2. The hexagonal prism elastic telescopic mechanism with a stable structure and a large compression ratio according to claim 1, characterized in that... The central flower plate (101) has three pairs of first-class side ears (1011), and the included angle between the hinge axes of two adjacent pairs of first-class side ears (1011) is 120°; the wing-shaped connector (103) has two pairs of second-class side ears (1031) and one lower ear (1032), and the included angle between the hinge axes of the two pairs of second-class side ears (1031) is 60°, and the two pairs of second-class side ears (1031) are symmetrically arranged about the lower ear (1032), and the included angle between the hinge axis of the lower ear (1032) and the hinge axis of the second-class side ears (1031) is 60°; the fixing surfaces of the third-class side ears (1061) on the Y-shaped connector (106) are at 60° to each other.

3. The large compression ratio hexagonal prism elastic telescopic mechanism with a stable structure according to claim 1, characterized in that... The spring sheet (105) is a plane in its free state and does not provide elastic force, and a curved surface in its compressed state and provides elastic force.

4. The large compression ratio hexagonal prism elastic telescopic mechanism with a stable structure according to claim 1, characterized in that... The end three-ring telescopic mechanism (1) includes a type I connecting rod (102) with the same number of rods as a type I side lug (1011), and a type II connecting rod (104) with the same number of rods as a type II side lug (1031).

5. A large compression ratio hexagonal prism elastic telescopic mechanism with a stable structure according to claim 1, characterized in that... The hexagonal prism three-ring telescopic mechanism (2) has three sets of spring pieces (105), Y-shaped connectors (106), and tension springs (107). Each set has 6 spring pieces (105), 3 Y-shaped connectors (106), and 3 tension springs (107). The spring pieces (105) and Y-shaped connectors (106) of each set are evenly arranged on the three vertices of an equilateral triangle. Adjacent sets of spring pieces (105), Y-shaped connectors (106), and tension springs (107) are arranged in three groups. The symmetrical line of the equilateral triangle structure formed by 107) has an included angle of 60°. The spring (105) is fixedly connected to the three types of side ears (1061) on the Y-shaped connector (106). The two ends of the tension spring (107) are fixedly connected to the two adjacent Y-shaped connectors (106) respectively. There are 12 types of three-link rods (201). The two ends of each type of three-link rod (201) are fixedly connected to one end of two adjacent sets of two close springs (105) respectively.

6. The large compression ratio hexagonal prism elastic telescopic mechanism with a stable structure according to claim 1, characterized in that... The high compression ratio hexagonal prism elastic telescopic mechanism remains a hexagonal prism structure after compression.

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