A formwork structure and method for preventing cracking in large-scale concrete casting structures

Abstract

This application belongs to the field of casting formwork technology, specifically disclosing a formwork structure for crack prevention in large-scale cement casting structures. It includes an insulating formwork, connecting component A, connecting component B, and a support rod. A mating groove is provided on one side of the insulating formwork, and a mating block is fixedly installed on the other side. A base plate is rotatably mounted on the bottom of the insulating formwork. Connecting component A and connecting component B are respectively provided at both ends of the outer side of the insulating formwork. The base plate is rotatably mounted on the bottom of the insulating formwork, and a support rod is rotatably mounted on the base plate. The support rod is slidably mounted on the supporting insulating formwork. This invention uses connecting component A, the support rod, and connecting component B in conjunction to assemble two insulating formworks without lifting them. This allows the mating block on one side of the insulating formwork to engage with the mating groove on the other side, and then the two insulating formworks can be fixed by adjacent connecting components A and B, eliminating the need to lift the insulating formwork for assembly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of casting template technology, and more specifically, to a formwork structure and method for preventing cracking in large-scale cement casting structures. Background Technology

[0002] After a large volume of concrete is poured, the heat released by the hydration of cement causes the internal temperature of the concrete to rise continuously. The temperature difference between the concrete surface and the interior is large, and the surface and interior concrete shrinkage is inconsistent, generating a large tensile stress. Since the early tensile strength of the concrete is very low during this period, surface cracks are very likely to appear. Therefore, effective cooling and insulation measures or other methods should be taken to reduce the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the concrete and prevent the generation and development of cracks.

[0003] In related technologies, the following measures are usually taken to deal with the heat of hydration: 1. Use cement with lower heat of hydration, or use appropriate retarder and water-reducing agent, or select well-graded aggregate to improve the density and tensile strength of cement; 2. Lower the cement pouring temperature, or pour in layers, or pre-embed cooling water pipes. Among these, the selection of pouring materials not only consumes time but also increases costs, and changing the pouring method increases the difficulty of construction. Pre-embedded cooling pipes use circulating water to reduce the internal temperature of cement, which can prevent cracking of the poured structure under normal pouring conditions and prevent deformation and cracks in the cement poured structure when there is a large temperature difference between the inside and outside. However, pre-embedded cooling pipes require pipe laying and connection. The connection treatment will not affect the construction quality, and the pipes cannot be removed and reused after being buried. To better reduce the temperature difference between the inside and outside of cement, it is more convenient to maintain a consistent internal and external temperature by insulating the cement compared to the methods mentioned above. For example, the prior art publication CN217175686U provides a formwork structure for preventing cracking in large cement casting structures. This device opens cavities in the left and right formwork and installs circulating heating pipes in the cavities. Water temperature sensors are installed in the circulating heating pipes, and concrete temperature sensors are pre-embedded in the concrete pouring area. The central processing unit controls the water temperature inside the circulating heating pipes based on the changes in the internal temperature of the concrete. This ensures that the internal temperature of the concrete is in a relatively balanced state with the external temperature in real time, thereby preventing excessive temperature differences between the inside and outside of the concrete from causing cracking.

[0004] Although the existing technical solutions mentioned above can achieve the effect of maintaining a consistent internal and external temperature by using circulating heating pipes to insulate and regulate the temperature of the outside of the concrete structure, when the left and right templates are spliced ​​separately, adjacent composite panels can only be inserted from the top or one side of the mounting groove. This requires lifting the composite panels for assembly. Since the composite panels are equipped with heat plates, circulating heating pipes, and insulation layers, the overall weight of the composite panels increases, making it difficult to lift and move them during assembly, which is inconvenient for assembly and use.

[0005] In view of this, we propose a formwork structure and method for preventing cracking in large-scale cement-cast structures. Summary of the Invention

[0006] 1. Technical problems to be solved

[0007] The purpose of this application is to provide a formwork structure and method for preventing cracking in large-scale cement-cast structures, which solves the technical problem that the formwork assembly requires lifting and moving, resulting in a relatively laborious assembly, and achieves the technical effect of rapid assembly without lifting and moving.

[0008] 2. Technical Solution

[0009] This application provides a formwork structure for crack prevention in large-scale cement casting structures, comprising: thermal insulation template, connecting component A, connecting component B, and support rod;

[0010] The insulation template has a mating groove on one side, and a mating block that mates with the mating groove is fixedly installed on the other side of the insulation template. A bottom plate is rotatably installed at the bottom of the insulation template.

[0011] Both connecting component A and connecting component B are located on the side of the insulation template away from the cement, and connecting component A is located on both sides of the insulation template. Adjacent insulation templates are fixed to each other by connecting component A and connecting component B.

[0012] The support rod is rotatably mounted on the top of the base plate, and the other end of the support rod is slidably mounted on the outside of the insulation template. The support rod is synchronously fixed with the insulation template under the action of the connecting component A and the connecting component B.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, when connecting the insulation template, the base plate is first placed in the designated position, and then the insulation template is adjusted according to the cement pouring angle. After adjustment, the angle of the support rod is fixed by the connecting component B on the outside of the insulation template. When assembling the next insulation template, the base plate is placed on one side of the first base plate and aligned. Then, the insulation template is rotated up and down so that the mating block on one side of the insulation template mates with the mating groove on one side of the first insulation template. Then, the two insulation templates are fixed by the adjacent connecting components A and B. When the insulation template is fixed, the angle of the support rod is also fixed at the same time. This makes it easy to fix the angle of the insulation template while assembling it, and also facilitates the later disassembly work. Moreover, only the base plates need to be aligned with each other, without lifting the insulation template for assembly, making it more convenient to use.

[0014] As an optional solution to the technical solution of this application, a heat-conducting plate is fixedly installed inside the insulation template on the side closest to the cement, a heating pipe is fixedly installed on the side of the heat-conducting plate away from the cement, and a heating cavity is fixedly installed on the other side of the heating pipe. An electric heating rod or an electric heating tube is installed inside the heating cavity. One end of the heating pipe is connected to the heating cavity, and a temperature sensor is installed on the outside of one end of the heating pipe. A hot water pump is fixedly installed on the outside of the heating cavity, and the output end of the hot water pump is connected to the other end of the heating pipe. A control chip for controlling the operation of the heating cavity is fixedly installed inside the insulation template, and a heat insulation plate is fixedly installed on the side of the heating cavity away from the heating pipe.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, a temperature sensor is pre-embedded in the cement during the pouring process. After pouring, the temperature inside the cement is collected by a control chip. Then, the heating chamber is controlled to heat the water inside based on the collected temperature. The heated water is then pumped into the heating tube by a hot water pump. When the temperature sensor detects that the temperature of the heating tube is equal to the collected temperature, the temperature is kept stable. The heat is transferred to the heat-conducting plate by the heating tube, and then transferred to the outside of the cement through the heat-conducting plate. This is used to keep the temperature inside and outside the cement the same and prevent cracks caused by a large temperature difference between the inside and outside.

[0016] As an optional embodiment of the technical solution in this application, the connecting component A includes a buckle plate, a reset component, and a locking component. The buckle plate is fixedly disposed on the outside of the mating groove, and the reset component is slidably disposed on the insulation template. The locking component is slidably disposed on the insulation template. The reset component and the locking component are in movable contact with each other. Driven by the connecting component B, the reset component drives the locking component to operate, and the locking component, driven by the reset component, fixes the angle of the support rod.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, after the mating grooves and mating blocks of the two insulation templates are mated, the connecting component B pulls the connecting component A closer to the mating block, so that the two insulation templates are clamped together. At the same time, the connecting component B drives the reset component to run, so that the reset component drives the locking component to fix the angle of the support rod during operation. When the insulation templates are fixed together, the adjacent support rods can also be fixed, making it more convenient to use.

[0018] As an optional solution to the technical solution of this application, the connecting component B includes a rack, a slide rail A, a gear, a hand crank, a right-angle hanging plate, and a self-locking component. A sliding plate is fixedly mounted on the top of the rack, and the slide rail A is slidably mounted on the outer side of the sliding plate. The slide rail A is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the insulation template. The bottom of the rack is meshed with the gear, and the gear is rotatably mounted on the inner side of the support base via a rotating shaft. The support base is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the slide rail A. A hand crank is fixedly mounted on the end of the rotating shaft away from the insulation template. A right-angle hanging plate is fixedly mounted on the end of the rack near the buckle plate. The right-angle hanging plate drives the reset component to operate under the drive of the rack. A self-locking component is provided on the insulation template. The rack self-locks under the action of the self-locking component.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, after the two insulation templates cooperate with each other, the rotating shaft is driven to rotate by turning the handwheel, which in turn drives the gear to rotate. The gear drives the rack to slide horizontally along the slide rail A. During the sliding process, the right-angle hanging plate first drives the reset component to operate. When the right-angle hanging plate drives the reset component to the side of the buckle plate, the right-angle hanging plate will hook the buckle plate and pull it tight towards the connecting component B. When the handwheel cannot be rotated, it means that the right-angle hanging plate is pressed against the outside of the buckle plate. At this time, the reset component has driven the locking component to fix the support rod. When the handwheel is stopped, the handwheel is fixed under the action of the self-locking component, which also fixes the right-angle hanging plate and the buckle plate.

[0020] As an optional solution to the technical solution of this application, the self-locking assembly includes a ratchet, a pawl, a torsion spring, and a handle. The ratchet is fixedly disposed on the outside of the rotating shaft, and a pawl is engaged on the outside of the ratchet. The pawl is rotatably disposed on the outside of the insulation template via a pin. A torsion spring for resetting the pawl is disposed on the outside of the pin, and a handle is fixedly disposed on the outside of the pawl.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, when the handwheel drives the rotating shaft to rotate, the rotating shaft drives the ratchet to rotate, causing the ratchet to rotate at one end of the pawl. Under the action of the torsion spring, the pawl automatically engages with the outside of the ratchet, preventing the ratchet from reversing. When the handwheel is stopped, the rack can be locked at any time. When it is necessary to disassemble the insulation template, the pawl is disengaged from the outside of the ratchet by rotating the handle. At this time, the handwheel can be reversed so that the rack can drive the right-angle hanging plate to release the fixation of the buckle plate and loosen the reset component, so that the reset component can drive the locking component to release the fixation of the support rod.

[0022] As an optional solution to the technical solution of this application, the reset assembly includes a pull plate, a wedge block A, a sliding column assembly, and a spring A. The pull plate is located outside the buckle plate. A wedge block A is fixedly installed on the side of the pull plate away from the buckle plate. A sliding column assembly is fixedly installed on the side of the wedge block A away from the pull plate. A sliding sleeve is slidably installed on the outside of the sliding column assembly. The sliding sleeve is fixedly installed on the outside of the insulation template. A limiting piece is fixedly installed at the other end of the sliding column assembly. A spring A is installed on the outside of the sliding column assembly between the sliding sleeve and the limiting piece. When the wedge block A slides, it drives the locking assembly to fix the angle of the support rod.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, when the rack drives the right-angle hanging plate to move, the rack itself will drive the locking assembly to fix the angle of a support rod. When the right-angle hanging plate hangs on the pull plate and moves closer to the buckle plate, the pull plate drives the wedge block A to move closer to the locking assembly. At this time, the limiting piece at one end of the sliding column assembly compresses the spring A. Finally, under the pressure of the wedge block A, the locking assembly is driven to fix the adjacent support rod. When disassembling, the right-angle hanging plate releases the external force on the pull plate. At this time, under the action of the spring A, the sliding column assembly drives the wedge block A to automatically reset, releasing the control of the locking assembly. The locking assembly automatically releases the fixation of the support rod.

[0024] As an optional embodiment of the technical solution in this application, the engaging assembly includes a connecting plate and a sliding cylinder. An extension plate is fixedly mounted on the side of the connecting plate near the wedge block A. A protrusion is provided on the extension plate. A limiting post is fixedly mounted on the side of the connecting plate near the insulation template. A sliding cylinder is slidably mounted on the outside of the limiting post. The sliding cylinder is fixedly mounted on the outside of the insulation template. A spring B is provided on the outside of the limiting post between the connecting plate and the sliding cylinder. The protrusion, pushed by the wedge block A, causes the connecting plate to move closer to the insulation template. When the connecting plate moves closer to the insulation template, the angle of the support rod is fixed. Mating teeth are provided on the inner side of the connecting plate.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, when wedge block A passes the outside of the protrusion, as the inclined surface of wedge block A changes, the protrusion gradually pushes the connecting plate closer to the insulation template. When wedge block A is locked, the connecting plate cannot continue to move and fixes the support rod. At this time, the connecting plate compresses the spring B on the outside of the limiting post. When wedge block A resets, it releases the pressure on the protrusion. Under the action of spring B, the connecting plate automatically resets, thereby releasing the fixation of the support rod.

[0026] As an optional solution to the technical solution of this application, a wedge block B is fixedly provided on the side of the rack near the protrusion, and the wedge block B is in movable contact with the protrusion on the extension plate.

[0027] By adopting the above technical solution, when the rack presses the pull plate through the right-angle hanging plate, the rack drives the outer wedge block B to move to the outside of the engaging assembly. As the inclination surface of the wedge block B changes, it squeezes the protrusion on the outside of the extension plate, causing the extension plate to drive the connecting plate closer to the insulation template to complete the fixation of the support rod.

[0028] As an optional solution to the technical solution of this application, one end of the support rod is rotatably mounted on the top of the base plate, and the other end of the support rod is rotatably mounted on a slide table via a connecting pin. The slide table is slidably mounted on the outside of the slide rail B, and the slide rail B is fixedly mounted on the outside of the insulation template. A locking tooth is fixedly mounted on the side of the slide table near the connecting plate, and a mating tooth is fixedly mounted on the side of the connecting plate near the locking tooth.

[0029] By adopting the above technical solution, when the angle of the insulation template is stopped, the support rod will rotate with the change of the insulation template angle, and the slide table at one end will slide along the slide rail B under the drive of the support rod. When the angle of the insulation template is fixed, the locking component will be driven to run by the cooperation of the connecting component A and the connecting component B, so that the connecting plate moves closer to the locking teeth on the outside of the slide table. When the locking teeth are engaged with the mating teeth on one side of the connecting plate, the slide table can no longer slide, thus fixing the angle of the support rod.

[0030] This invention provides a method for using a formwork structure for crack prevention in large-scale concrete casting structures, comprising the following steps:

[0031] S1. First, place the first insulation template and support it with the base plate. Then, adjust the tilt angle of the insulation template according to the cement pouring angle. When adjusting the angle, the support rod rotates at the top of the base plate. After the angle is adjusted, fix the angle of the support rod with the outer connecting component B so that the insulation template is kept at the required angle.

[0032] S2. Next, arrange the next insulation template on one side of the first insulation template. When arranging, align the bottom plate with the first bottom plate. Then rotate the insulation template closer to the first insulation template so that the mating block on one side of the insulation template matches the mating groove on one side of the first insulation template. Then fix the two insulation templates together using connecting component A and connecting component B. There is no need to lift the insulation templates for assembly.

[0033] S3. At this time, while fixing the insulation template to each other, connecting component A and connecting component B will drive the reset component and locking component in connecting component A to operate, so that the reset component drives the locking component to fix the angle of the support rod, so that the support rod can stably support the insulation template and achieve the effect of synchronous fixing.

[0034] S4. When pouring cement, a temperature sensor is pre-embedded inside the cement. The temperature inside the cement is collected by the control chip inside the insulation template. Based on the temperature inside the cement, the heating chamber is controlled to heat the water. The water is then pumped into the heating pipe through a hot water pump. The heat is transferred to the heat conduction plate by the heating pipe, and then transferred to the outside of the cement through the heat conduction plate. This is to keep the temperature inside and outside the cement the same and prevent cracks caused by a large temperature difference between the inside and outside.

[0035] S5. When the insulation template is removed, the fixing of the insulation template is released by connecting component A and connecting component B. At this time, the fixing of the support rod is automatically released, making the disassembly of the insulation template more convenient.

[0036] 3. Beneficial effects

[0037] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0038] (1) Since the present application uses connecting component A and connecting component B together, the two insulation templates can be assembled without lifting the insulation template. After the mating block on one side of the insulation template and the mating groove on the other side of the insulation template are mated together, the two insulation templates can be fixed by the adjacent connecting component A and connecting component B. It is not necessary to lift the insulation template for assembly, which makes it more convenient to use.

[0039] (2) This application provides a connecting component A on the outside of the insulation template. The reset component in the connecting component A drives the locking component under the drive of the connecting component B to automatically fix the angle of the support rod, so as to fix the support rod between the insulation template and the base plate.

[0040] (3) This application provides a locking component between the connecting component B and the support rod. When the connecting component B is reset, the locking component automatically releases the support rod, which facilitates the disassembly of the insulation template. The locking component can also be automatically reset for the next use, which improves the ease of use.

[0041] (4) This application provides a self-locking component in the connecting component B. Under the action of the self-locking component, the hand wheel is prevented from reversing and can be locked at any time, making the fixed fit between the connecting component B and the connecting component A more convenient. When the insulation template is removed, the self-locking component can be released to lock the hand wheel. Attached Figure Description

[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the formwork structure for crack prevention of large cement casting structures after assembly, as disclosed in a preferred embodiment of this application.

[0043] Figure 2This is an exploded structural diagram of a formwork structure for crack prevention of large-scale cement casting structures disclosed in a preferred embodiment of this application.

[0044] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the heating pipe structure in a formwork structure for preventing cracking of large cement casting structures disclosed in a preferred embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of connecting component A and connecting component B in a formwork structure for crack prevention of large cement casting structures disclosed in a preferred embodiment of this application.

[0046] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the back structure of connecting component A and connecting component B in a formwork structure for crack prevention of large cement casting structures disclosed in a preferred embodiment of this application.

[0047] Figure 6 This is a bottom schematic diagram of the connecting component A and connecting component B in the formwork structure for crack prevention of large cement casting structures disclosed in a preferred embodiment of this application;

[0048] Figure 7 This is an exploded structural diagram of connecting component A and connecting component B in a formwork structure for crack prevention of large cement casting structures disclosed in a preferred embodiment of this application.

[0049] Figure 8 for Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point A;

[0050] Figure 9 for Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point B;

[0051] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the extension plate.

[0052] Explanation of the numbers in the diagram: 1. Insulation template; 11. Mating groove; 12. Mating block; 13. Base plate; 14. Heat-conducting plate; 15. Heating tube; 16. Temperature sensor; 17. Heating chamber; 18. Hot water pump; 19. Control chip; 110. Insulation board; 2. Connecting assembly A; 21. Buckle plate; 22. Reset assembly; 221. Pull plate; 222. Wedge block A; 223. Sliding column assembly; 224. Sliding sleeve; 225. Limiting piece; 226. Spring A; 23. Engaging assembly; 231. Connecting plate; 232. Protrusion; 23 3. Limiting post; 234. Slide cylinder; 235. Spring B; 236. Extension plate; 237. Wedge block B; 238. Mating tooth; 3. Connecting assembly B; 31. Rack; 32. Slide plate; 33. Slide rail A; 34. Gear; 35. Support base; 36. Rotating shaft; 37. Hand disc; 38. Right angle hanging plate; 39. Self-locking assembly; 391. Ratchet; 392. Pawl; 393. Pin; 394. Torsion spring; 395. Handle; 4. Support rod; 41. Connecting pin; 42. Slide table; 43. Slide rail B; 44. Locking tooth. Detailed Implementation

[0053] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0054] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 3 This application discloses a formwork structure for preventing cracking in large-scale cement casting structures, including an insulation template 1, a connecting component A2, a connecting component B3, and a support rod 4;

[0055] The thermal insulation template 1 is used to form a cement pouring area. A matching groove 11 is opened on one side of the thermal insulation template 1, and a matching block 12 is fixedly installed on the other side of the thermal insulation template 1. Adjacent thermal insulation templates 1 cooperate with each other through the matching groove 11 and the matching block 12.

[0056] A connecting component A2 is provided on the outer side of the insulation template 1 near the mating groove 11, and a connecting component B3 is provided on the side of the insulation template 1 near the mating block 12. A base plate 13 is rotatably provided at the bottom of the insulation template 1, and a support rod 4 for supporting the insulation template 1 is rotatably provided on the base plate 13. The support rod 4 is slidably provided on the support insulation template 1. The connecting component A2 and the connecting component B3 can connect two adjacent insulation templates 1 and simultaneously fix the angle of two adjacent support rods 4.

[0057] When connecting the insulation template 1, first place the base plate 13 in the designated position, then rotate and adjust the insulation template 1 according to the cement pouring angle. After adjustment, fix the angle of the support rod 4 through the connecting component B3 on the outside of the insulation template 1. When assembling the next insulation template 1, place the base plate 13 on one side of the first base plate 13 and align it. Then rotate the insulation template 1 up and down so that the mating block 12 on one side of the insulation template 1 mates with the mating groove 11 on one side of the first insulation template 1. Then fix the two insulation templates 1 through the adjacent connecting components A2 and B3. After the insulation template 1 is fixed, fix the angle of the support rod 4 at the same time. This makes it easy to fix the angle of the insulation template 1 while assembling it, and also facilitates the later disassembly work. Moreover, it is only necessary to align the base plates 13 with each other. There is no need to lift the insulation template 1 for assembly, making it more convenient to use.

[0058] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 A heat-conducting plate 14 is fixedly installed inside the insulation template 1 on the side closest to the cement. A heating pipe 15 is fixedly installed on the side of the heat-conducting plate 14 away from the cement. A temperature sensor 16 is installed on the outer side of one end of the heating pipe 15, and a heating chamber 17 is fixedly installed on the other side of the heating pipe 15. An electric heating rod or electric heating tube is installed inside the heating chamber 17. One end of the heating pipe 15 is connected to the heating chamber 17. A hot water pump 18 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the heating chamber 17. The output end of the hot water pump 18 is fixedly connected to the other end of the heating pipe 15. The temperature sensor 16, the heating chamber 17, and the hot water pump 18 are all located inside the insulation template 1. A control chip 19 for controlling the heating temperature of the heating chamber 17 is fixedly installed inside the insulation template 1. The control chip 19 controls the operation of the heating chamber 17 according to the temperature inside the cement. A heat insulation plate 110 for heat insulation is installed on the side of the heating chamber 17 away from the heating pipe 15.

[0059] During cement pouring, a temperature sensor is embedded in the cement. After pouring, the temperature inside the cement is collected by the control chip 19. Then, the heating chamber 17 is controlled to heat the water inside based on the collected temperature. The heated water is then pumped into the heating tube 15 by the hot water pump 18. When the temperature sensor 16 detects that the temperature of the heating tube 15 is equal to the collected temperature, the temperature is kept stable. The heat is transferred to the heat conduction plate 14 by the heating tube 15, and then transferred to the outside of the cement by the heat conduction plate 14. This is to keep the temperature inside and outside the cement the same and prevent cracks caused by a large temperature difference between the inside and outside.

[0060] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 8 The connecting component A2 includes a buckle plate 21, a reset component 22, and a locking component 23;

[0061] The buckle plate 21 is fixedly installed on the outside of the mating groove 11, and a reset component 22 is slidably provided on one side of the buckle plate 21 of the insulation template 1.

[0062] The engaging component 23 is slidably mounted on the insulation template 1. The resetting component 22 and the engaging component 23 are in active contact and engagement.

[0063] Driven by the connecting component B3, the buckle plate 21 moves closer to the adjacent mating block 12. The connecting component B3 drives the locking component 23 to move by driving the reset component 22 on one side of the buckle plate 21. The locking component 23 fixes the angle of the support rod 4 under the drive of the reset component 22.

[0064] After the mating grooves 11 and mating blocks 12 of the two insulation templates 1 are engaged, the corresponding connecting component A2 is pulled closer to the mating block 12 by the connecting component B3, so that the two insulation templates 1 are clamped together. At the same time, the connecting component B3 drives the reset component 22 to run, so that the reset component 22 drives the locking component 23 to fix the angle of the support rod 4 when it runs. When the insulation templates 1 are fixed together, the adjacent support rods 4 can also be fixed, making it more convenient to use.

[0065] Reference Figure 4 , Figure 7 and Figure 9 The connecting component B3 includes a rack 31, a slide rail A33, a gear 34, a hand handle 37, a right-angle hanging plate 38, and a self-locking component 39;

[0066] A slide plate 32 is fixedly mounted on the top of the rack 31, and a slide rail A33 is slidably mounted on the outside of the slide plate 32. The slide rail A33 is fixedly mounted on the outside of the insulation template 1. A gear 34 is meshed at the bottom of the rack 31, and a rotating shaft 36 is coaxially fixedly mounted on the gear 34. A support base 35 is fixedly mounted below the slide rail A33. The rotating shaft 36 is rotatably mounted inside the support base 35. A handwheel 37 is fixedly mounted at the end of the rotating shaft 36 away from the insulation template 1. A right-angle hanging plate 38 is fixedly mounted at the end of the rack 31 near the buckle plate 21. The rack 31 pulls the buckle plate 21 and the reset component 22 through the right-angle hanging plate 38. A self-locking component 39 is provided on the insulation template 1. The rack 31 automatically locks itself through the self-locking component 39 when sliding.

[0067] When the two insulation templates 1 are engaged, the right-angle hanging plate 38 is located on the side of the buckle plate 21 away from the connecting component B3. Then, by rotating the handwheel 37, the rotating shaft 36 is driven to rotate, which in turn drives the gear 34 to rotate. The gear 34 drives the rack 31 to slide horizontally along the slide rail A33. During the sliding process, the right-angle hanging plate 38 first drives the reset component 22 to run. When the right-angle hanging plate 38 drives the reset component 22 to reach the side of the buckle plate 21, the right-angle hanging plate 38 will hook the buckle plate 21 and pull it tight towards the connecting component B3. When the handwheel 37 cannot be rotated, it means that the right-angle hanging plate 38 is pressed against the outside of the buckle plate 21. At this time, the reset component 22 has driven the locking component 23 to fix the support rod 4. When the handwheel 37 is stopped, the handwheel 37 is fixed under the action of the self-locking component 39, which also fixes the right-angle hanging plate 38 and the buckle plate 21.

[0068] Reference Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 9 The self-locking assembly 39 includes a ratchet 391, a pawl 392, a torsion spring 394, and a handle 395;

[0069] Ratchet 391 is fixedly mounted on the outside of rotating shaft 36. A pawl 392 is engaged on the outside of ratchet 391. The pawl 392 is rotatably mounted on the outside of insulation template 1 via pin 393. A torsion spring 394 for automatic reset of pawl 392 is mounted on the outside of pin 393. A handle 395 is fixedly mounted on the outside of pawl 392.

[0070] When the handwheel 37 drives the rotating shaft 36 to rotate, the rotating shaft 36 drives the ratchet 391 to rotate, causing the ratchet 391 to rotate at one end of the pawl 392. Under the action of the torsion spring 394, the pawl 392 automatically engages with the outside of the ratchet 391 to prevent the ratchet 391 from reversing. When the handwheel 37 is stopped, the rack 31 can be locked at any time. When it is necessary to disassemble the insulation template 1, the pawl 392 is disengaged from the outside of the ratchet 391 by rotating the handle 395. At this time, the handwheel 37 is reversed so that the rack 31 can drive the right-angle hanging plate 38 to release the fixation of the buckle plate 21 and loosen the reset component 22, so that the reset component 22 can drive the locking component 23 to release the fixation of the support rod 4.

[0071] Reference Figure 4 , Figure 7 and Figure 8The reset assembly 22 includes a pull plate 221, a wedge block A222, a sliding column assembly 223, and a spring A226. The pull plate 221 is located on one side of the buckle plate 21. The wedge block A222 is fixedly installed on the side of the pull plate 221 away from the buckle plate 21. The sliding column assembly 223 is fixedly installed on the side of the wedge block A222 away from the pull plate 221. A sliding sleeve 224 is slidably installed on the outside of the sliding column assembly 223. The sliding sleeve 224 is fixedly installed on the outside of the insulation template 1. A limiting piece 225 is fixedly provided at the other end. A spring A226 is provided on the outside of the sliding column assembly 223 between the sliding sleeve 224 and the limiting piece 225. When the wedge block A222 approaches the buckle plate 21, it drives the engaging assembly 23 to fix the angle of the support rod 4. The pull plate 221 drives the wedge block A222 to approach the buckle plate 21 under the drive of the right angle hanging plate 38. When the rack 31 drives the right angle hanging plate 38 to move, it drives the engaging assembly 23 to fix the angle of the support rod 4.

[0072] When the rack 31 moves the right-angle hanging plate 38, the rack 31 itself drives the engaging assembly 23 to fix the angle of a support rod 4. When the right-angle hanging plate 38 hooks the pull plate 221 and moves closer to the buckle plate 21, the pull plate 221 drives the wedge block A222 to move closer to the engaging assembly 23. At this time, the limiting piece 225 at one end of the sliding column assembly 223 compresses the spring A226. Finally, under the pressure of the wedge block A222, the engaging assembly 23 is driven to fix the adjacent support rod 4. When disassembling, the right-angle hanging plate 38 releases the external force on the pull plate 221. At this time, under the action of the spring A226, the sliding column assembly 223 drives the wedge block A222 to automatically reset, releasing the control of the engaging assembly 23. The engaging assembly 23 automatically releases the fixation of the support rod 4.

[0073] Reference Figure 5 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 The engaging assembly 23 includes a connecting plate 231 and a slide cylinder 234;

[0074] An extension plate 236 is fixedly installed on the side of the connecting plate 231 near the reset assembly 22. A protrusion 232 is provided on the extension plate 236. The protrusion 232, pushed by the wedge block A222 or the rack 31, causes the connecting plate 231 to move closer to the insulation template 1. A limit post 233 is fixedly installed on the side of the connecting plate 231 near the insulation template 1. A slide cylinder 234 is slidably installed on the outside of the limit post 233, and the slide cylinder 234 is fixedly installed on the outside of the insulation template 1. A spring B235 is installed on the outside of the limit post 233 between the insulation template 1 and the connecting plate 231. When the connecting plate 231 moves closer to the insulation template 1, it fixes the angle of the support rod 4. A mating tooth 238 is provided on the inner side of the connecting plate 231.

[0075] When the wedge block A222 passes outside the protrusion 232, as the inclined surface of the wedge block A222 changes, the protrusion 232 gradually pushes the connecting plate 231 closer to the insulation template 1. When the wedge block A222 is locked, the connecting plate 231 cannot continue to move and fixes the support rod 4. At this time, the connecting plate 231 compresses the spring B235 outside the limiting post 233. When the wedge block A222 resets, it releases the pressure on the protrusion 232. Under the action of the spring B235, the connecting plate 231 automatically resets, thereby releasing the fixation on the support rod 4.

[0076] Reference Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 A wedge block B237 is fixedly installed on the side of the rack 31 near the protrusion 232, and the wedge block B237 is in contact with the protrusion 232 on the extension plate 236.

[0077] When the rack 31 presses the pull plate 221 with the right-angle hanging plate 38, the rack 31 drives the outer wedge block B237 to move to the outside of the engaging assembly 23. As the inclined surface of the wedge block B237 changes, it squeezes the protrusion 232 on the outside of the extension plate 236, causing the extension plate 236 to drive the connecting plate 231 to move closer to the insulation template 1 to complete the fixation of the support rod 4.

[0078] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 9 One end of the support rod 4 is rotatably connected to the base plate 13, and the other end of the support rod 4 is rotatably mounted on a slide table 42 via a connecting pin 41; a slide rail B43 is fixedly mounted on the outside of the insulation template 1, and the slide table 42 and the slide rail B43 are slidably engaged; a locking tooth 44 is fixedly mounted on the side of the slide table 42 near the rack 31 and the pull plate 221, and the connecting plate 231 engages and locks the slide table 42 by engaging the locking tooth 44 with the mating tooth 238.

[0079] When the angle of the insulation template 1 is adjusted, the support rod 4 will rotate as the angle of the insulation template 1 changes. The slide table 42 at one end slides along the slide rail B43 under the drive of the support rod 4. When the angle of the insulation template 1 is fixed, the locking component 23 is driven to run through the cooperation of the connecting component A2 and the connecting component B3, so that the connecting plate 231 moves closer to the locking tooth 44 on the outside of the slide table 42. When the locking tooth 44 engages with the mating tooth 238 on one side of the connecting plate 231, the slide table 42 can no longer slide, thus fixing the angle of the support rod 4.

[0080] Reference Figure 1-9 This invention provides a method for using a formwork structure for crack prevention in large-scale cement casting structures, comprising the following steps:

[0081] S1. First, place the first insulation template 1 and support it with the base plate 13. Then, adjust the tilt angle of the insulation template 1 according to the cement pouring angle. When adjusting the angle, the support rod 4 rotates on the base plate 13. After the angle is adjusted, fix the angle of the support rod 4 with the outer connecting component B3 so that the insulation template 1 is kept at the required angle.

[0082] S2. Next, arrange the next insulation template 1 on one side of the first insulation template 1. When arranging, align the base plate 13 with the first base plate 13. Then rotate the insulation template 1 closer to the first insulation template 1 so that the mating block 12 on one side of the insulation template 1 and the mating groove 11 on one side of the first insulation template 1 cooperate with each other. Then fix the two insulation templates 1 together by connecting component A2 and connecting component B3. It is not necessary to lift the insulation template 1 for assembly.

[0083] S3. At this time, while connecting component A2 and connecting component B3 fix the insulation template 1 to each other, they will drive the reset component 22 and the locking component 23 in connecting component A2 to run, so that the reset component 22 drives the locking component 23 to fix the angle of the support rod 4, so that the support rod 4 can stably support the insulation template 1 and achieve the effect of synchronous fixing.

[0084] S4. When pouring cement, a temperature sensor is pre-embedded inside the cement. The temperature inside the cement is collected by the control chip 19 inside the insulation template 1. The heating chamber 17 is controlled to heat the water according to the temperature inside the cement. The water is then pumped into the heating pipe 15 through the hot water pump 18. The heat is transferred to the heat conduction plate 14 under the action of the heating pipe 15. The heat is then transferred to the outside of the cement through the heat conduction plate 14 to keep the temperature inside and outside the cement the same and prevent cracks caused by a large temperature difference between the inside and outside.

[0085] S5. When the insulation template 1 is removed, the fixing of the insulation template 1 is released by connecting component A2 and connecting component B3. At this time, the fixing of the support rod 4 is automatically released, making the disassembly of the insulation template 1 more convenient.

[0086] In summary, the working principle of the formwork structure for crack prevention in large-scale cement pouring structures of the present invention is as follows: In use, the first insulation template 1 is placed and supported by the base plate 13. Then, the tilt angle of the insulation template 1 is adjusted according to the cement pouring angle. During angle adjustment, the support rod 4 rotates on the base plate 13, causing the slide table 42 to slide along the slide rail B43. When the angle of the insulation template 1 is fixed, the angle of the support rod 4 is fixed by the connecting component B3 on the outer side of the first insulation template 1. Specifically, the handwheel 3 in the connecting component B3 is rotated. 7 drives the rotating shaft 36 to rotate, which in turn drives the gear 34 to rotate. The gear 34 drives the rack 31 to slide horizontally along the slide rail A33. The rack 31 drives the outer wedge block B237 to move towards the outer side of the engaging assembly 23. As the inclined surface of the wedge block B237 changes, it presses the protrusion 232 on the outer side of the extension plate 236, causing the extension plate 236 to drive the connecting plate 231 closer to the insulation template 1. When the locking tooth 44 engages with the mating tooth on one side of the connecting plate 231, the slide table 42 can no longer slide, thus achieving the effect of fixing the angle of the support rod 4.

[0087] Then, arrange the next insulation template 1 on one side of the first insulation template 1. When arranging, align the base plate 13 with the first base plate 13. Then rotate the insulation template 1 closer to the first insulation template 1 so that the mating block 12 on one side of the insulation template 1 and the mating groove 11 on the side of the first insulation template 1 engage with each other. When the two insulation templates 1 engage with each other, the right-angle hanging plate 38 is located on the side of the buckle plate 21 away from the connecting component B3. Then, by rotating the hand disc 37, the rotating shaft 36 is driven to rotate, which drives the gear 34 to rotate. The gear 34 drives the rack 31 to slide horizontally along the slide rail A33. At the same time, the rotating shaft 36 drives the ratchet 391 to rotate, which makes the ratchet 391 rotate at one end of the pawl 392. The pawl 392 automatically engages with the outside of the ratchet 391 under the action of the torsion spring 394 to prevent the ratchet 391 from reversing. During the sliding process of the rack 31, the right-angle hanging plate 38 first drives the pull plate 2 in the reset component 22. As the pull plate 221 moves closer to the buckle plate 21, the pull plate 221 drives the wedge block A222 to move closer to the locking assembly 23. At this time, the limiting piece 225 at one end of the sliding column assembly 223 compresses the spring A226. When the wedge block A222 passes the outside of the protrusion 232, as the inclined surface of the wedge block A222 changes, the protrusion 232 gradually pushes the connecting plate 231 closer to the insulation template 1, and gradually fixes the support rod 4 through the connecting plate 231. At this time, the connecting plate 231 limits the position of the locking post 23. 3. The outer spring B235 causes compression. When the pull plate 221 is located on one side of the buckle plate 21, the buckle plate 21 moves closer to the connecting component B3 under the pull of the right angle hanging plate 38. When the hand plate 37 cannot be rotated, it means that the right angle hanging plate 38 is pressed on the outside of the buckle plate 21. At this time, the reset component 22 has driven the locking component 23 to fix the support rod 4, and the connecting component B3 is automatically locked under the action of the self-locking component 39. In this way, several insulation templates 1 are assembled.

[0088] After the insulation template 1 is assembled, cement is poured. During the cement pouring, a temperature sensor is embedded in the cement. After pouring, the temperature inside the cement is collected by the control chip 19. Then, the heating chamber 17 is controlled to heat the water inside based on the collected temperature. The heated water is then pumped into the heating pipe 15 by the hot water pump 18. When the temperature sensor 16 detects that the temperature of the heating pipe 15 is equal to the collected temperature, the temperature is kept stable. The heat is transferred to the heat-conducting plate 14 by the heating pipe 15, and then transferred to the outside of the cement by the heat-conducting plate 14 to keep the temperature inside and outside the cement the same, preventing cracks caused by large temperature differences. When the insulation template 1 is removed, the ratchet 392 is disengaged from the outside of the ratchet 391 by rotating the handle 395. At this time, the handwheel 37 can be reversed so that the rack 31 can drive the right-angle hanging plate 38 to release the fixation of the buckle plate 21 and loosen the reset component 22. The reset component 22 drives the locking component 23 to release the fixation of the support rod 4, which is convenient for removal after construction.

[0089] This invention uses connecting component A and connecting component B together to assemble two insulation templates without lifting them. The two insulation templates are fixed by adjacent connecting components A and B, eliminating the need to lift the insulation templates for assembly, making it more convenient to use.

[0090] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A formwork structure for crack prevention in large-scale concrete casting structures, comprising: an insulating template, connecting component A, connecting component B, and support rods, characterized in that: The insulation template has a mating groove on one side, and a mating block that mates with the mating groove is fixedly installed on the other side of the insulation template. A bottom plate is rotatably installed at the bottom of the insulation template. Both connecting component A and connecting component B are located on the side of the insulation template away from the cement, and both connecting component A and connecting component B are located on both sides of the insulation template. Adjacent insulation templates are fixed to each other by connecting component A and connecting component B. The support rod is rotatably mounted on the top of the base plate, and the other end of the support rod is slidably mounted on the outside of the insulation template. The support rod is synchronously fixed with the insulation template under the action of the connecting component A and the connecting component B. After connecting components A and B connect two adjacent insulation templates, they simultaneously fix the angles of two adjacent support rods; The connecting component A includes a buckle plate, a reset component, and a locking component. The buckle plate is fixedly disposed on the outside of the mating groove. The reset component is disposed on the side of the buckle plate away from the mating groove. The locking component is slidably disposed on the insulation template. The reset component and the locking component are in active contact with each other. The connecting component B includes a rack, a slide rail A, a gear, a handwheel, a right-angle hanging plate, and a self-locking component. A sliding plate is fixedly mounted on the top of the rack, and the slide rail A is slidably mounted on the outer side of the sliding plate. The slide rail A is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the insulation template. The bottom of the rack is engaged with the gear, and the gear is rotatably mounted on the inner side of the support base via a rotating shaft. The support base is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the slide rail A. A handwheel is fixedly mounted on the end of the rotating shaft away from the insulation template. A right-angle hanging plate is fixedly mounted on the end of the rack near the buckle plate. A self-locking component is provided on the insulation template, and the rack self-locks under the action of the self-locking component. The reset assembly includes a pull plate, a wedge block A, a sliding column assembly, and a spring A. The pull plate is located outside the buckle plate. A wedge block A is fixedly installed on the side of the pull plate away from the buckle plate. A sliding column assembly is fixedly installed on the side of the wedge block A away from the pull plate. A sliding sleeve is slidably installed on the outside of the sliding column assembly. The sliding sleeve is fixedly installed on the outside of the insulation template. A limit piece is fixedly installed at the other end of the sliding column assembly. A spring A is installed on the outside of the sliding column assembly. The engaging assembly includes a connecting plate and a sliding cylinder. An extension plate is fixedly provided on the side of the connecting plate near the wedge block A. A protrusion is provided on the extension plate. A limit post is fixedly provided on the side of the connecting plate near the insulation template. A sliding cylinder is slidably provided on the outside of the limit post. The sliding cylinder is fixedly provided on the outside of the insulation template. A spring B is provided on the outside of the limit post. A mating tooth is provided on the inside of the connecting plate. A wedge block B is fixedly disposed near the outer side of the protrusion on the rack, and the wedge block B is in movable contact with the protrusion on the extension plate. The other end of the support rod is rotatably equipped with a slide table, and a locking tooth is fixedly provided on the side of the slide table near the connecting plate. The locking component is driven to run by the cooperation of the connecting component A and the connecting component B, so that the connecting plate moves closer to the locking tooth on the outside of the slide table. When the locking tooth engages with the mating tooth on one side of the connecting plate, the slide table can no longer slide, thereby fixing the angle of the support rod.

2. The formwork structure for crack prevention of large-scale cement casting structures according to claim 1, characterized in that: A heat-conducting plate is fixedly installed on one side of the interior of the insulation template, a heating pipe is fixedly installed on the other side of the heat-conducting plate, and a heating cavity is fixedly installed on the other side of the heating pipe. One end of the heating pipe is connected to the heating cavity, and a temperature sensor is installed on the outside of one end of the heating pipe. A hot water pump is fixedly installed on the outside of the heating cavity, and the output end of the hot water pump is connected to the other end of the heating pipe. A control chip for controlling the operation of the heating cavity is fixedly installed inside the insulation template, and a heat insulation plate is fixedly installed on the side of the heating cavity away from the heating pipe.

3. The formwork structure for crack prevention of large-scale cement casting structures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The self-locking assembly includes a ratchet, a pawl, a torsion spring, and a handle. The ratchet is fixedly mounted on the outside of the rotating shaft. A pawl is engaged on the outside of the ratchet. The pawl is rotatably mounted on the outside of the insulation template via a pin. A torsion spring is mounted on the outside of the pin. A handle is fixedly mounted on the outside of the pawl.

4. The formwork structure for crack prevention of large-scale cement casting structures according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the support rod is rotatably mounted on the top of the base plate, and a slide rail B is fixedly mounted on the outside of the insulation template; the slide table is slidably mounted on the outside of the slide rail B.

5. A method of using a formwork structure for crack prevention in large-scale cement casting structures as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. First, place the first insulation template and support it with the base plate. Adjust the tilt angle of the insulation template according to the cement pouring angle. When adjusting the angle, the support rod rotates at the top of the base plate. After the angle is adjusted, fix the angle of the support rod with the outer connecting component B so that the insulation template is kept at the required angle. S2. Arrange the next insulation template on one side of the first insulation template, align the bottom plate with the first bottom plate, and then rotate the insulation template closer to the first insulation template so that the mating block on one side of the insulation template mates with the mating groove on one side of the first insulation template. Then fix the two insulation templates together by connecting component A and connecting component B. There is no need to lift the insulation templates for assembly. S3. At this time, while fixing the insulation template to each other, connecting component A and connecting component B will drive the reset component and locking component in connecting component A to operate, so that the reset component drives the locking component to fix the angle of the support rod, so that the support rod can stably support the insulation template and achieve the effect of synchronous fixing. S4. When pouring cement, a temperature sensor is pre-embedded inside the cement. The temperature inside the cement is collected by the control chip inside the insulation template. The heating chamber is controlled to heat the water according to the temperature inside the cement. The heated water is then pumped into the heating pipe through a hot water pump. The heat is transferred to the heat conduction plate by the heating pipe, and then transferred to the outside of the cement through the heat conduction plate. This is to keep the temperature inside and outside the cement the same and prevent cracks caused by a large temperature difference between the inside and outside. S5. When the insulation template is removed, the fixing of the insulation template is released by connecting component A and connecting component B. At this time, the fixing of the support rod is automatically released, making the disassembly of the insulation template more convenient.

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