A brake disc for a rail vehicle and a rail vehicle

Abstract

The application discloses a brake disc of a rail transit vehicle, which comprises a disc body, a disc hub and a fastener, the disc body and the disc hub are detachably connected through the fastener, the brake disc further comprises at least three pins and at least three keys; the disc body is provided with a disc body pin accommodating portion and a disc body key accommodating portion; the disc hub is provided with a disc hub pin accommodating portion and a disc hub key accommodating portion; a pin sleeve is arranged on at least a part of the fastener, and at least a part of the pin and / or at least a part of the fastener are located in a space formed by the disc body pin accommodating portion and the disc hub pin accommodating portion; at least a part of the key is located in a space formed by the disc hub key accommodating portion and the disc body key accommodating portion; the pin and / or the key are used for bearing the action of at least a part of stress, torque and / or load in the circumferential direction and / or the radial direction of the brake disc.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rail transit, and more specifically, to a brake disc for a rail transit vehicle and the rail vehicle itself. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, disc brake systems are widely used in the basic braking systems of China's rail transit vehicles, especially high-speed trains. As a crucial component of disc brake systems, the brake disc is used to brake the train by pressing the brake pads against its friction surface, thus playing a vital role in ensuring the safe and reliable operation of trains.

[0003] The stress conditions experienced by brake discs during use are extremely complex, placing very high demands on the brake disc fastening connection structure. During vehicle braking, the brake disc bears the braking torque applied by the brake pads, causing lateral loads on the bolt fasteners. Furthermore, due to the brake pads, the kinetic energy of the vehicle's high-speed operation is converted into heat energy through friction braking, resulting in thermal loads on the brake disc and causing radial expansion deformation. Simultaneously, due to factors such as track and wheel-rail systems, the vibration and impact acceleration at the axle area during high-speed operation and braking is often enormous, with some track impact accelerations even exceeding 200g.

[0004] Therefore, during the long-term use of the brake disc, the bolts are subjected to axial fatigue loads due to the circumferential braking torque and the lateral vibration impact loads of the vehicle. Simultaneously, the bolts are subjected to lateral fatigue loads due to radial expansion thermal deformation and the longitudinal and vertical vibration and impact loads of the vehicle. To overcome the effects of the circumferential braking torque and the lateral vibration impact loads of the vehicle, a sufficiently large tightening torque needs to be applied to the bolt connection to generate a sufficiently large axial tensile force. However, the bending fatigue load it can withstand is far lower than the axial fatigue load; excessive axial force on the bolts reduces their ability to withstand bending loads, impairing their bending fatigue performance.

[0005] Utility model CN201129382Y discloses an axle-mounted brake disc for railway locomotives, comprising a disc hub, a disc body, and a spacer ring. The disc body and the disc hub are fixedly connected by fasteners. The disc body is composed of several disc body blocks, with at least two disc body blocks arranged on each side of the disc hub. The back of each disc body block has heat dissipation fins. In this patent, the disc body, spacer ring, and hub are only connected by bolts, and the lateral load is entirely overcome by the frictional force generated by the bolt tension. Once the bolt connection fails, the braking torque cannot be overcome, and the bolts will directly bear the shear force.

[0006] Patent CN107795612A discloses a brake disc and a vehicle having the same. The brake disc includes: a disc body, with multiple connecting claws arranged on the inner ring of the disc body at intervals along the circumference of the inner ring, forming a force transmission groove between at least two adjacent connecting claws; a disc hub connected to the disc body, with at least one hub force transmission key mounting hole corresponding to the force transmission groove in the disc body; and a hub force transmission key, with its first end passing through the force transmission groove in the disc body and its second end passing through the hub force transmission key mounting hole. This patent can prevent bolts from directly bearing shear force when the connecting parts fail, but under normal conditions of bearing various braking forces, it cannot effectively protect the fasteners.

[0007] In view of the above technical problems, this invention is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The main objective of this invention is to provide a brake disc for rail transit vehicles and the rail vehicle itself, for achieving precise positioning and installation of each component of the brake disc, releasing thermal stress caused by thermal expansion of the brake disc, and providing effective lateral protection for the fasteners. To achieve the above objective, according to one aspect of the invention, a brake disc for rail transit vehicles is provided, comprising a disc body, a disc hub, and fasteners, wherein the disc body and the disc hub are detachably connected by the fasteners, and the brake disc further includes at least three pins and at least three keys;

[0009] The disk body is provided with a disk body pin receiving part and a disk body key receiving part;

[0010] The hub is provided with a hub pin receiving part and a hub key receiving part;

[0011] The pin is sleeved on at least a portion of the fastener, and at least a portion of the pin and / or at least a portion of the fastener is located within the space formed by the disc body pin receiving portion and the disc hub pin receiving portion.

[0012] At least a portion of the key is located within the space formed by the hub key receiving portion and the body key receiving portion;

[0013] The pin and / or the key are used to withstand at least a portion of the stress and / or torque and / or load acting on the circumferential and / or radial aspects of the brake disc.

[0014] Furthermore, the disc body is provided with a disc body connecting part, the disc hub is provided with a flange, the disc body connecting part and the flange are detachably connected by the fastener, and the disc body pin receiving part and the disc body key receiving part are both located in the disc body connecting part.

[0015] Furthermore, the pins and keys are a plurality of those evenly distributed along the circumference of the brake disc, and correspondingly, the disc body pin receiving portion, disc body key receiving portion, disc hub pin receiving portion, and disc hub key receiving portion are also a plurality of those evenly distributed along the circumference of the brake disc.

[0016] Furthermore, the disc pin receiving portion is a disc pin hole, and the disc key receiving portion is a disc keyway. The disc keyway has a radially inward opening. During normal use, the brake disc undergoes thermal expansion, and the disc expands radially outward without interfering with the key. All the disc keyways are located on the same position circle of the brake disc, and all the disc pin holes are located on another position circle of the brake disc. The positions of the disc keyways and the disc pin holes correspond one-to-one.

[0017] Furthermore, the flange also includes a hub fastener hole, the hub pin receiving portion is a hub pin hole, the hub pin hole and the hub fastener hole are co-centered, and the hub pin hole is located on the side closer to the hub key receiving portion than the hub fastener hole, and the diameter of the hub pin hole is larger than that of the hub fastener hole.

[0018] The hub key receiving part is a hub keyway. All the hub keyways are located on the same position circle of the brake disc, and all the hub pin holes are located on another position circle of the brake disc. The positions of the hub keyways and hub pin holes correspond one-to-one. The hub keyways have radially outward openings.

[0019] Furthermore, the brake disc also includes a spacer ring, which is located on the opposite side of the disc body along the axial direction of the disc hub. The spacer ring is provided with a spacer ring fastener hole, and at least a portion of the fastener is located in the spacer ring fastener hole in the axial direction.

[0020] The spacer ring is provided with a spacer ring pin receiving part, which is a spacer ring pin hole. At least a part of the pin is located in the spacer ring pin hole. The spacer ring pin hole and the spacer ring fastener hole are co-centered and the diameter of the spacer ring pin hole is larger than that of the spacer ring fastener hole.

[0021] The spacer ring is also provided with a spacer ring key receiving part, which is a spacer ring keyway. At least a part of the key is received in the spacer ring keyway. All the spacer ring keyways are located on the same position circle of the brake disc, and all the spacer ring pin holes are located on another position circle of the brake disc. The positions of the spacer ring keyways and the spacer ring pin holes correspond one-to-one. The spacer ring keyways and the spacer ring pin holes are located on the same side of the spacer ring.

[0022] Furthermore, the length of the pin is less than the sum of the depths of the disc body pin hole, the disc hub pin hole, and the spacer pin hole; the diameters of the disc body pin hole, the disc hub pin hole, and the spacer pin hole are the same; and the diameters of the disc hub fastener hole and the spacer fastener hole are the same.

[0023] Furthermore, the outer wall of the pin is clearance-fitted with the pin hole of the disc body, the pin hole of the disc hub, and the pin hole of the spacer ring. The clearance fit between the outer wall of the pin and the pin hole of the disc body, the pin hole of the disc hub, and the pin hole of the spacer ring is greater than the radial thermal expansion deformation of the disc body, so that the disc body is not restricted by the pin when it undergoes thermal deformation.

[0024] Furthermore, the fasteners are all clearance fits with the disc hub fastener holes, the spacer fastener holes, and the inner walls of the pins.

[0025] Furthermore, the clearance fit between the fastener and the disc hub fastener hole, the spacer fastener hole, and the inner wall of the pin is greater than the clearance fit between the outer wall of the pin and the disc body pin hole, the disc hub pin hole, and the spacer pin hole.

[0026] Furthermore, the height of the key in the radial direction of the brake disc is less than the height of the space formed by the disc hub keyway, the disc body keyway, and the spacer keyway;

[0027] The length of the key in the axial direction of the brake disc is less than the depth of the space formed by the disc body keyway, the disc hub keyway, and the spacer keyway;

[0028] The key is clearance-fitted with the disc body keyway, the disc hub keyway, and the spacer keyway in the circumferential direction of the brake disc.

[0029] Furthermore, the clearance fit between the key and the disc body keyway, the disc hub keyway, and the spacer keyway in the circumferential direction of the brake disc is less than the clearance fit between the fastener and the disc hub fastener hole, the spacer fastener hole, and the inner wall of the pin.

[0030] Furthermore, the disc body also includes an inner bore, and the disc body connecting part consists of a plurality of disc body connecting claws extending from the inner wall of the inner bore, the disc body connecting claws being distributed circumferentially along the inner bore.

[0031] Each of the disk connecting claws is provided with a disk keyway and a disk pin hole, and the disk keyway is located radially inside the disk pin hole.

[0032] Furthermore, the plurality of pins are located on one position circle of the brake disc, and the plurality of keys are located on another position circle of the brake disc.

[0033] According to another aspect of the invention, a rail vehicle is provided, which includes the brake disc of the aforementioned rail transit vehicle.

[0034] By applying the technical solution of this invention, at least the following beneficial effects are achieved:

[0035] 1. By setting multiple pins and keys in the brake disc and designing the structure and dimensions of the disc body, spacer ring and disc hub, the installation of each component can be made more convenient during the assembly of the brake disc.

[0036] 2. Under the action of thermal load generated during braking, the brake disc can expand freely radially outward, and the side of the keyway of the disc does not contact the side of the key or interfere with the expansion process. Moreover, the expansion deformation is not constrained by the pin, which can release the thermal stress caused by the thermal load and effectively reduce the structural stress of each connecting part of the brake disc.

[0037] 3. Through the structural dimensions and clearance fit design of the keys, pins, fasteners and brake disc components, the outer wall of the pin and the side of the key act first than the outer wall of the fastener when bearing various forces during the braking process. This overcomes the lateral slippage, bending load and longitudinal and vertical vibration impact loads on the fasteners during the vehicle braking process, thus providing effective lateral protection for the fasteners.

[0038] 4. The fasteners are loosely fitted in the fastener holes of each connected component, and the structural dimensions and clearance fit design ensure that the outer wall of the fastener does not contact the fastener hole of the connected component when the fastener connection fails. This prevents the fastener from directly bearing shear force, thus forming effective protection for the fastener connection and effectively improving the reliability of the fastener connection. Attached Figure Description

[0039] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0040] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the brake disc of Embodiment 1 of the present invention is shown;

[0041] Figure 2 A front view of the brake disc of Embodiment 1 of the present invention is shown;

[0042] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the disk body according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention is shown;

[0043] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the disc hub of Embodiment 1 of the present invention is shown;

[0044] Figure 5A schematic diagram of the spacer ring in Embodiment 1 of the present invention is shown;

[0045] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the key in Embodiment 1 of the present invention is shown.

[0046] The above figures include the following reference numerals:

[0047] 1. Disc body; 11. Heat dissipation fins; 12. Disc body connecting part; 121. Disc body pin hole; 122. Disc body keyway; 13. Disc body inner hole; 14. Friction ring; 2. Disc hub; 21. Flange; 211. Disc hub pin hole; 212. Disc hub fastener hole; 22. Disc hub body; 221. Disc hub keyway; 222. Disc hub body outer circle; 3. Spacer ring; 301. Spacer ring pin hole; 302. Spacer ring fastener hole; 303. Spacer ring keyway; 304. Spacer ring inner hole; 4. Fastener; 5. Pin; 6. Key; 61. Key side; 62. Key end face; 63. Key top face; 64. Key bottom face. Detailed Implementation

[0048] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0049] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. These embodiments should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection claimed by the present invention. The term "comprising" indicates the presence of a feature, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features. The terms "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the purpose of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0050] In this description, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances. Furthermore, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0051] During the braking process of rail vehicles, the fasteners bear significant lateral fatigue loads due to radial expansion thermal load deformation and vibration and impact loads in the longitudinal and vertical directions of the vehicle. This invention addresses this by incorporating keys and pins and designing the structural dimensions and clearance fits between the keys, pins, fasteners, and various components of the brake disc. This facilitates convenient positioning and installation of each component of the brake disc, releases thermal stress caused by thermal expansion of the brake disc, and provides effective lateral protection for the fasteners.

[0052] Brake disc composition and component structure

[0053] like Figure 1 As shown, the brake disc for rail transit vehicles proposed in this invention mainly includes a disc body 1, a disc hub 2, and fasteners 4. The disc body 1 and the disc hub 2 are detachably connected by the fasteners 4. Preferably, the brake disc also includes a spacer 3, which is located on opposite axial sides of the disc body 1, and the disc body 1, disc hub 2, and spacer 3 are detachably connected by the fasteners 4. In addition, the brake disc also includes at least three pins 5 and at least three keys 6, all of which are located inside the brake disc and are functionally connected to the disc body 1, disc hub 2, and spacer 3.

[0054] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown, the disk body 1 is provided with a disk body pin receiving part and a disk body key receiving part; the disk body 1 includes a disk body inner hole 13 and a disk body connecting part 12, and the disk body pin receiving part and the disk body key receiving part are both located in the disk body connecting part 12. In addition, the disk body 1 also includes two friction rings 14, and a heat dissipation fin 11 is provided between the two friction rings 14.

[0055] Preferably, the disc connecting portion 12 comprises a plurality of disc connecting claws extending from the inner wall of the disc inner hole 13, and the disc connecting claws are distributed circumferentially along the disc inner hole 13. In other embodiments of this application, the disc connecting portion may also use a disc ring structure.

[0056] More preferably, the disc pin receiving portion is the disc pin hole 121, and the disc key receiving portion is the disc keyway 122. Each disc connecting claw is provided with a disc keyway 122 and a disc pin hole 121. All disc keyways 122 are located on the same position circle of the brake disc, and all disc pin holes 121 are located on another position circle of the brake disc. The positions of the disc keyways 122 and the disc pin holes 121 correspond one-to-one. The disc keyways 122 are located radially inside the disc pin holes 121, and the disc keyways 122 have radially inward openings. In this embodiment, "one-to-one correspondence" refers to the positional relationship where the two are adjacent and located on the same radial direction of the brake disc.

[0057] like Figure 4As shown, the hub 2 is provided with a hub pin receiving portion and a hub key receiving portion. Specifically, the hub 2 is provided with a flange 21 and a hub body 22. The hub pin receiving portion is located on the flange 21, and the hub key receiving portion is located on the hub body 22. Preferably, the hub pin receiving portion is the hub pin hole 211, and the hub key receiving portion is the hub keyway 221. The hub keyway 221 is located on the side of the outer circle 222 of the hub body near the flange 21, and the flange 21 forms one surface inside the hub keyway 221.

[0058] In addition, flange 21 also includes hub fastener holes 212, and hub pin holes 211 are concentrically arranged with hub fastener holes 212. Compared to hub fastener holes 212, hub pin holes 211 are located on the side closer to hub keyways 221. The diameter of hub pin holes 211 is larger than that of hub fastener holes 212. All hub keyways 221 are located on the same position circle of the brake disc, and all hub pin holes 211 are located on another position circle of the brake disc. The positions of hub keyways 221 and hub pin holes 211 correspond one-to-one, and hub keyways 221 have radially outward openings.

[0059] like Figure 5 As shown, the spacer ring 3 is provided with a spacer ring fastener hole 302 and a spacer ring pin hole 301. The spacer ring pin hole 301 and the spacer ring fastener hole 302 are concentrically arranged, and the diameter of the spacer ring pin hole 301 is larger than that of the spacer ring fastener hole 302. In addition, the spacer ring 3 has a spacer ring inner hole 304, and the spacer ring 3 is also provided with a spacer ring keyway 303, which is located on the side of the spacer ring 3 near the spacer ring inner hole 304. All spacer ring keyways 303 are located on the same position circle of the brake disc, and all spacer ring pin holes 301 are located on another position circle of the brake disc, and the positions of the spacer ring keyways 303 and spacer ring pin holes 301 correspond one-to-one, and the spacer ring keyways 303 and spacer ring pin holes 301 are located on the same side of the spacer ring 3.

[0060] like Figure 6 As shown, key 6 has a hexahedral structure, with the top surface 63 and bottom surface 64 being curved surfaces. The two side surfaces 61 are parallel to each other, and the two end surfaces 62 are parallel to each other. The top surface 63 has a clearance fit with the arcuate surfaces within the keyway 122 and spacer keyway 303 of the disk body, and the bottom surface 64 has a clearance fit with the arcuate surfaces within the keyway 221 of the disk hub.

[0061] Pin 5 is a hollow pin with a concentric circular cross-section, having inner and outer walls. Pin 5 and / or key 6 are used to withstand at least a portion of the stress and / or torque and / or load on the brake disc in the circumferential and / or radial directions.

[0062] Component location and assembly process

[0063] For reference Figure 1As shown, the spacer 3 and the disc hub 2 are located on opposite sides of the disc body 1 along the axial direction. The fastener 4 enters the disc hub 2 from the side near the flange 21 and passes through the disc hub fastener hole 212, the disc hub pin hole 211, the disc body pin hole 121, the spacer pin hole 301, and the spacer fastener hole 302 in sequence, connecting the spacer 3, the disc body 1, and the disc hub 2 to form a brake disc.

[0064] Specifically, the disc body connecting part 12 on the disc body 1 and the flange 21 of the disc hub 2 are connected to each other by fasteners and fit together. The side of the spacer ring 3 where the spacer ring pin hole 301 is located is connected to the side of the disc body connecting part 12 by fasteners and fit together.

[0065] In addition, pin 5 is located inside the receiving space formed by spacer pin hole 301, disc body pin hole 121 and disc hub pin hole 211, and is sleeved on a part of fastener 4.

[0066] Key 6 is located within the receiving space formed by the spacer keyway 303, the disc keyway 122, and the disc hub keyway 221. A portion of the key top surface 63 mates with the disc keyway 122, and another portion mates with the spacer keyway 303; both key side surfaces 61 mate with the disc keyway 122, the disc hub keyway 221, and the spacer keyway 303; the key bottom surface 64 is completely contained within the disc hub keyway 221; one key end face 62 mates only with the flange 21, while the other key end face 62 partially mates with the disc hub keyway 221 and partially with the spacer keyway 303.

[0067] Specifically, there are multiple pins 5 and keys 6 evenly distributed along the circumference of the brake disc. Correspondingly, there are also multiple disc body pin holes 121, disc body keyways 122, spacer pin holes 301, spacer keyways 303, disc hub pin holes 211, and disc hub keyways 221 evenly distributed along the circumference of the brake disc. Multiple pins 5 are located on one position circle of the brake disc, and multiple keys 6 are located on another position circle of the brake disc. On the brake disc, the keys 6 are located radially inside the pins 5.

[0068] Based on the above, the specific assembly process of the brake disc is as follows:

[0069] First, key 6 is placed in the keyway 221 of the hub; then the disc body 1 is installed so that the inner hole 13 of the disc body fits onto the outer circle 222 of the hub body, and the disc body connecting claws fit into the flange 21 of the hub 2, and the disc body keyway 122 designed on the disc body connecting claws corresponds to the keyway 221 of the hub, so that key 6 falls into the disc body keyway 122.

[0070] Then, all pins 5 are inserted into the disc body pin hole 121 and the disc hub pin hole 211. After that, the spacer ring 3 is installed, and the key 6 is placed in the spacer ring keyway 303, and the pins 5 are sunk into the spacer ring pin hole 301. Furthermore, the disc body is pressed against the spacer ring 3, so that the spacer ring 3 is in contact with the other side of the disc body connecting claw.

[0071] Finally, the bolts are passed sequentially through the spacer fastener hole 302, the center through hole of pin 5, and the disc hub fastener hole 212, and tightened using washers and nuts, thus completing the assembly and connection of the brake disc. The assembled brake disc can be referenced. Figure 1-2 As shown.

[0072] During brake disc maintenance, simply loosen all nuts and remove the washers, nuts, and bolts. Then, remove the spacer 3 from the outer diameter 222 of the disc hub body. Next, pull the disc body connecting claw of the disc body 1 from the side of the outer diameter 222 of the disc hub body away from the flange, and remove the pin 5 from the disc body pin hole 121. Finally, remove the key 6 from the disc hub keyway 221.

[0073] In conjunction with design and technical effects

[0074] (i) The length of pin 5 is less than the sum of the depths of disc body pin hole 121, disc hub pin hole 211, and spacer pin hole 301. The diameters of disc body pin hole 121, disc hub pin hole 211, and spacer pin hole 301 are the same. The diameters of disc hub fastener hole 212 and spacer fastener hole 302 are the same. The radial height of key 6 on the brake disc is less than the height of the space formed by disc body keyway 122, disc hub keyway 221, and spacer keyway 303. The axial length of key 6 on the brake disc is less than the depth of the space formed by disc body keyway 122, disc hub keyway 221, and spacer keyway 303.

[0075] The fit design between pin 5 and disc body pin hole 121, disc hub pin hole 211 and spacer pin hole 301, as well as the fit design between key 6 and disc body keyway 122, disc hub keyway 221 and spacer keyway 303, enables convenient positioning and installation of various components during the assembly of the brake disc.

[0076] (ii) The outer wall of pin 5 is in clearance fit with the disc body pin hole 121, the disc hub pin hole 211 and the spacer pin hole 301. The clearance fit between the outer wall of pin 5 and the disc body pin hole 121, the disc hub pin hole 211 and the spacer pin hole 301 is greater than the maximum radial thermal expansion deformation of the disc body 1, so that the disc body 1 is not restricted by pin 5 when thermal deformation occurs.

[0077] Furthermore, since the two key sides 61 and the two key end faces 62 of key 6 extend radially and in the same direction as the sides of disc keyway 122, disc hub keyway 221 and spacer keyway 303, when disc 1 expands and deforms under thermal load during braking, the radial expansion direction of its disc connecting part 12 is parallel to the sides of disc keyway 122, disc hub keyway 221 and spacer keyway 303. That is, when disc connecting part 12 expands and deforms, it will not interfere with disc hub 2, spacer 3 and key 6, thereby releasing the thermal stress caused by thermal load and effectively reducing the structural stress of each connecting part of the brake disc.

[0078] (III) The fastener 4 has clearance fits with the disc fastener hole 212, the spacer fastener hole 302, and the inner wall of the pin 5. The clearance fit between the fastener 4 and the disc fastener hole 212, the spacer fastener hole 302, and the inner wall of the pin 5 is greater than the clearance fit between the outer wall of the pin 5 and the disc pin hole 121, the disc pin hole 211, and the spacer pin hole 301. This ensures that when the disc 1 experiences circumferential sliding due to circumferential braking force, radial expansion due to thermal load, or lateral slippage and bending due to longitudinal and vertical vibration impact loads, the outer wall of the pin 5 and the disc pin hole 121, the disc pin hole 211, and the spacer pin hole 301 exert force on the outer wall of the fastener before the outer wall of the fastener and the disc fastener hole 212, the spacer fastener hole 302, and the inner wall of the pin 5.

[0079] Furthermore, key 6 has a clearance fit with the disc body keyway 122, the disc hub keyway 221, and the spacer keyway 303 in the circumferential direction of the brake disc. The clearance fit between key 6 and the disc body keyway 122, the disc hub keyway 221, and the spacer keyway 303 in the circumferential direction of the brake disc is less than the clearance fit between fastener 4 and the inner wall of the disc hub fastener hole 212, the spacer fastener hole 302, and the pin 5. This ensures that when the disc body 1 experiences circumferential sliding due to circumferential braking force, the outer wall of key 6 and the disc body keyway 122, the disc hub keyway 221, and the spacer keyway 303 exert force on each other before the outer wall of the bolt and the inner wall of the disc hub fastener hole 212, the spacer fastener hole 302, and the pin 5.

[0080] During the use of the brake disc, the structural dimensions and clearance fit design of the keys, pins, fasteners and other components of the brake disc ensure that the outer walls of the pins and keys act first than the outer walls of the fasteners when bearing various forces during the braking process. This overcomes the lateral slippage, bending loads and longitudinal and vertical vibration impact loads on the fasteners during the vehicle braking process, thus providing effective lateral protection for the fasteners.

[0081] (iv) When the bolted connection fails, the connecting claws on the disc body 1 rotate circumferentially. On one hand, the side of the disc keyway 122 of the disc body 1 fits against the key side 61; on the other hand, the inner wall of the disc pin hole 121 of the disc body 1 fits against the outer wall of the pin 5, thereby transmitting the braking force to the disc hub 2 and the spacer 3. Furthermore, due to the structural dimensions and clearance fit design, the fastener 4 does not contact the disc pin hole 121, the disc hub fastener hole 212, or the spacer fastener hole 302, thus forming circumferential protection for the bolted connection. When the bolted connection fails, the connecting claws on the disc body 1 move radially, causing the inner wall of the disc pin hole 121 of the disc body 1 to fit against the outer wall of the pin 5, thereby transmitting the braking force to the disc hub 2 and the spacer 3. Furthermore, due to the structural dimensions and clearance fit design, the fastener 4 does not contact the disc pin hole 121, the disc hub fastener hole 212, or the spacer fastener hole 302, thus forming radial protection for the bolted connection.

[0082] Therefore, since the fastener 4 loosely passes through the inner wall of the corresponding hub fastener hole 212, spacer fastener hole 302 and pin 5, and the structural design and dimensional tolerances ensure that when the fastener 4 connection fails, regardless of whether the disc body 1 undergoes the aforementioned circumferential rotation or radial movement, the outer wall of the fastener 4 will not contact the inner wall of the hub fastener hole 212, spacer fastener hole 302 and pin 5, so that the fastener does not directly bear the shear force, thereby forming an effective protection for the fastener connection and effectively improving the reliability of the fastener connection.

[0083] According to another aspect of the invention, a rail vehicle is provided that includes the brake disc of the aforementioned rail transit vehicle.

[0084] In summary, from the above description, it can be seen that the above embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects: 1. By setting multiple pins and keys in the brake disc and designing the structure and dimensions of the disc body, spacer ring, and disc hub to match, the installation of various components during the assembly of the brake disc can be made more convenient; 2. Under the action of heat load generated during braking, the disc body of the brake disc can achieve free radial outward expansion, which can release the thermal stress caused by the heat load and effectively reduce the structural stress of various connecting parts of the brake disc; 3. Through the design of the structural dimensions and clearance matching between the keys, pins, fasteners, and various components of the brake disc, the brake disc can withstand the braking load. Under various forces during the process, the outer walls of the pin and key act first compared to the outer wall of the fastener, thereby overcoming the lateral slippage, bending load, and longitudinal and vertical vibration impact loads on the fastener during vehicle braking, thus providing effective lateral protection for the fastener; 4. The fastener is loosely fitted in the fastener holes of each connected part, and through structural dimensions and clearance fit design, it is ensured that in the event of fastener connection failure, the outer wall of the fastener still does not contact the fastener hole of the connected part, so that the fastener does not directly bear the shear force, thereby forming effective protection for the fastener connection and effectively improving the reliability of the fastener connection.

[0085] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A brake disc of a rail vehicle, comprising a disc body, a disc hub and fastening means, the disc body being detachably connected with the disc hub by means of the fastening means, characterized in that: The brake disc further comprises at least three pins and at least three keys; The disc body is provided with disc body pin accommodating portions and disc body key accommodating portions; The disc hub is provided with disc hub pin accommodating portions and disc hub key accommodating portions; The pin sleeve is arranged on at least a portion of the fastener, and at least a portion of the pin and / or at least a portion of the fastener is located in a space formed by the disc body pin accommodating portions and the disc hub pin accommodating portions; At least a portion of the key is located in a space formed by the disc hub key accommodating portions and the disc body key accommodating portions; The pin and / or the key are used to bear at least a portion of stress and / or torque and / or load in the circumferential direction and / or the radial direction of the brake disc; The disc hub is provided with a flange, The disc hub is provided with a flange, The disc hub key accommodating portions are disc hub key grooves, all of the disc hub key grooves are located on a same position circle of the brake disc, all of the disc hub pin holes are located on another position circle of the brake disc, and the disc hub key grooves and the disc hub pin holes are in one-to-one correspondence, and the disc hub key grooves have openings radially outward. The disc body pin accommodating portions are disc body pin holes, and the outer wall of the pin is in clearance fit with the disc body pin holes and the disc hub pin holes.

2. The brake disc of a rail vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The disc body (1) is provided with a disc body connecting portion (12), the disc body connecting portion (12) is detachably connected with the flange (21) through the fastener (4), and the disc body pin accommodating portions and the disc body key accommodating portions are located in the disc body connecting portion (12).

3. The brake disc of a rail vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pin (5) and the key (6) are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the brake disc, and correspondingly, the disc body pin accommodating portions, the disc body key accommodating portions, the disc hub pin accommodating portions and the disc hub key accommodating portions are also uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the brake disc.

4. The brake disc of a rail vehicle according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The disc body key accommodating portions are disc body key grooves (122), the disc body key grooves (122) have openings radially inward, the brake disc expands radially outward during normal use, and does not interfere with the key (6); all of the disc body key grooves (122) are located on a same position circle of the brake disc, all of the disc body pin holes (121) are located on another position circle of the brake disc, and the disc body key grooves (122) and the disc body pin holes (121) are in one-to-one correspondence.

5. The brake disc of a rail vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that: The brake disc further comprises a spacer ring (3), the spacer ring (3) and the disc hub (2) are located on opposite sides of the disc body (1) in the axial direction, the spacer ring (3) is provided with a spacer ring fastener hole (302), and at least a portion of the fastener (4) is located in the spacer ring fastener hole (302) in the axial direction; The spacer ring (3) is provided with a spacer ring pin accommodating part, which is a spacer ring pin hole (301), and at least a part of the pin (5) is located in the spacer ring pin hole (301). The spacer ring pin hole (301) is provided with the same center as the spacer ring fastener hole (302), and the diameter of the spacer ring pin hole (301) is greater than that of the spacer ring fastener hole (302). The spacer ring (3) is further provided with a spacer ring key accommodating part, which is a spacer ring key groove (303), and at least a part of the key (6) is accommodated in the spacer ring key groove (303). All the spacer ring key grooves (303) are located on the same position circle of the brake disc, all the spacer ring pin holes (301) are located on another position circle of the brake disc, and the spacer ring key groove (303) corresponds to the spacer ring pin hole (301) one by one. The spacer ring key groove (303) and the spacer ring pin hole (301) are located on the same side of the spacer ring (3).

6. The brake disc of a rail vehicle according to claim 5, characterized in that: The length of the pin (5) is less than the sum of the depths of the disc body pin hole (121), the disc hub pin hole (211) and the spacer ring pin hole (301). The diameters of the disc body pin hole (121), the disc hub pin hole (211) and the spacer ring pin hole (301) are the same. The diameters of the disc hub fastener hole (212) and the spacer ring fastener hole (302) are the same.

7. The brake disc of a rail vehicle according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outer wall of the pin (5) and the disc body pin hole (121), the disc hub pin hole (211) and the spacer ring pin hole (301) are gap-fitted, and the gap-fitting amount between the outer wall of the pin (5) and the disc body pin hole (121), the disc hub pin hole (211) and the spacer ring pin hole (301) is greater than the radial thermal expansion deformation amount of the disc body (1), so that the disc body (1) is not restricted when it is thermally deformed.

8. The brake disc of a rail vehicle according to any one of claims 5-7, characterized in that: The fastener (4) and the inner wall of the disc hub fastener hole (212), the spacer ring fastener hole (302) and the pin (5) are gap-fitted.

9. The brake disc of a rail vehicle according to claim 8, characterized in that: The gap-fitting amount between the fastener (4) and the inner wall of the disc hub fastener hole (212), the spacer ring fastener hole (302) and the pin (5) is greater than the gap-fitting amount between the outer wall of the pin (5) and the disc body pin hole (121), the disc hub pin hole (211) and the spacer ring pin hole (301).

10. The brake disc of a rail vehicle according to any one of claims 5-7, characterized in that: The height of the key (6) in the radial direction of the brake disc is less than the height of the space formed by the disc hub key groove (221), the disc body key groove (122) and the spacer ring key groove (303); The length of the key (6) in the axial direction of the brake disc is less than the depth of the space formed by the disc body key groove (122), the disc hub key groove (221) and the spacer ring key groove (303); The key (6) is gap-fitted with the disc body key groove (122), the disc hub key groove (221) and the spacer ring key groove (303) in the circumferential direction of the brake disc.

11. The brake disc of a rail vehicle according to claim 10, characterized in that: The clearance fit amount between the key (6) and the disc body key slot (122), the disc hub key slot (221) and the spacer key slot (303) in the circumferential direction of the brake disc is less than the clearance fit amount between the fastener (4) and the inner wall of the disc hub fastener hole (212), the spacer fastener hole (302) and the pin (5).

12. The brake disc of a rail vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that: The disc body (1) further comprises a disc body inner hole (13), and the disc body connecting part (12) is a plurality of disc body connecting claws extending from the inner wall of the disc body inner hole (13), which are distributed in the circumferential direction of the disc body inner hole (13); One disc body key slot (122) and one disc body pin hole (121) are arranged on each disc body connecting claw, and the disc body key slot (122) is located on the radially inner side of the disc body pin hole (121).

13. The brake disc of a rail vehicle according to claim 12, characterized in that: A plurality of pins (5) are located on one position circle of the brake disc, and a plurality of keys (6) are located on another position circle of the brake disc.

14. A rail vehicle characterized by: The rail vehicle comprises the brake disc of the rail transit vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 13.

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