A geotechnical engineering application analysis system based on combination of BIM and GIS

Abstract

A kind of geotechnical engineering application analysis system based on BIM and GIS combination, it is related to geographic information technology field, it is characterized in that the system includes: data integration module, model fine presentation module, evaluation analysis module and attribute data modeling module, each module is sequentially connected, data integration module carries out integrated display to the various data of multi-source heterogeneous;Evaluation analysis module carries out evaluation analysis to pile foundation model according to the spatial position and attribute information of pile foundation model layer and engineering geology model layer in three-dimensional scene;Attribute data modeling module carries out modeling to the attribute field of geotechnical investigation design information model according to modeling parameter, and modeling result is rendered and exported in three-dimensional scene.Optical advantage: system realizes to "BIM+GIS" integrated technology as foundation, to multi-source heterogeneous data visualized integration, quantification analysis, collaborative application as goal, forms set above, ground, underground geotechnical engineering multi-source data three-dimensional visualized integrated display.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of geographic information technology, specifically to an application system based on "BIM+GIS" integration technology. It aims to achieve multi-source heterogeneous data visualization integration, quantitative analysis, and collaborative application, forming an integrated three-dimensional visualization display of multi-source data from above-ground, surface, and underground geotechnical engineering, quantitative analysis and evaluation of geotechnical engineering, and collaborative application across multiple disciplines and stages in surveying and design. This system is beneficial for improving the digitalization level of technical consultation for surveying and design enterprises in the field of multi-disciplinary integrated geotechnical engineering. It is a geotechnical engineering application analysis system based on the combination of BIM and GIS. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of IT technology and industry, Geographic Information Systems (GIS), with its distinctive features and increasingly powerful functions, has penetrated widely into various industries, playing an increasingly important role. At the same time, these applications, in turn, place more and higher demands on GIS. People live in a true three-dimensional space, and many practical phenomena cannot be adequately addressed by existing 2D GIS. Examples include the design and landscape simulation of overpasses and buildings in urban planning; data management and graphical display of underground railways, shopping malls, parking lots, and other service facilities; the rational layout and planning of power and communication facilities; the rational configuration of fire protection, power supply, water supply, gas supply, and alarm facilities in residential buildings; the rational distribution, management, querying, and optimal route selection of urban above-ground and underground pipelines; the planning and management of aviation flight routes; and the description and analysis of various phenomena such as strata, faults, geological structures, oil layers, underground gas, and groundwater in geology and petroleum fields. All of these require intuitive, true three-dimensional representation. Traditional 2D GIS can no longer meet the application needs of people, and there is an urgent need to transform into 3D GIS. Therefore, 3D GIS has aroused strong interest among researchers. Research on 3D GIS has become a hot topic in academia.

[0003] With the emergence of concepts such as "Digital Earth" and "Digital City," the demand for 3D city models is rapidly increasing. The widespread use of geographic information services, such as digital cities and virtual geographic environments, also places urgent demands on their 3D representation. Advances in Earth observation technology and computer technology, particularly high-resolution remote sensing technology and computer graphics processing technology, have provided various display methods for this purpose. The 3D representation of geographic information has the following significant characteristics:

[0004] Three-dimensional representation can provide users with more intuitive spatial elevation information, while traditional two-dimensional representation reflects the planar position of spatial objects, and its elevation information exists only as an attribute value and cannot be reflected intuitively.

[0005] It can point out the types, quantity and quality characteristics of spatial targets, as well as the spatial location and spatiotemporal distribution of objects and phenomena in a more intuitive and realistic way. Therefore, the three-dimensional representation has complete spatiotemporal positioning characteristics.

[0006] In contrast, a digital city is a realistic three-dimensional digital representation of a city, allowing people to explore and interact with a collection of natural and cultural information about the city. In photogrammetry, a digital city usually refers to a three-dimensional city model. It not only presents a three-dimensional city model but also provides photo-intuitive surface descriptions such as realistic material and texture features, as well as related attribute information. GIS that meets the needs of a digital city is called "Digital City GIS." Compared to 3D visualization and virtual display technologies, the research progress of practical true 3D GIS has been much slower, and its theory and technology are still immature. Therefore, unlike true 3D GIS in the general sense, Digital City GIS is currently only a special prototype system of true 3D GIS. It has been simplified in many aspects according to most application needs, such as using an outer surface model instead of a solid geometric model and downplaying complex spatial topological relationships. Regardless of how the real world is mapped to the spatial database, it emphasizes that GIS provides three-dimensional capabilities in a robust and efficient manner.

[0007] However, current 3D GIS systems face several key technical challenges. For instance, effectively integrating BIM with GIS and then using multi-source heterogeneous data for visualization, quantitative analysis, collaborative application, and digital management is crucial. This would create an application system that integrates 3D visualization of multi-source geotechnical engineering data from above-ground, surface, and underground sources, quantitative analysis and evaluation of geotechnical engineering, cross-stage collaborative application across multiple disciplines in surveying and design, and digital delivery and management of data results. This would improve the digitalization level of technical consulting for surveying and design enterprises in the multi-disciplinary integrated field of geotechnical engineering, and enhance the management level of urban underground space development, construction, and operation by governments and industries. By lightweight processing and integrating multi-source, multi-disciplinary, and multi-type geotechnical engineering BIM data and geographic information data, a lightweight BIM model in a standard spatial database format can be obtained. This model can then be linked with corresponding attribute information to obtain complete lightweight BIM models for each discipline. Visual integration of multi-source heterogeneous data provides a data foundation for quantitative analysis, collaborative application, and unified digital management of geotechnical engineering. Based on a lightweight engineering geological model, a virtual pile foundation model is generated through a virtual pile layout module. Collision analysis is performed between the pile foundation model and the engineering geological model to obtain relevant collision and attribute information. This information is then used to analyze the pile foundation bearing capacity and settlement deformation, yielding quantitative analysis and evaluation results. The generated quantitative analysis data is stored and visualized, providing geotechnical investigation and design personnel with precise quantitative data support, which helps improve the scientific rigor, relevance, and rationality of investigation and design schemes. Furthermore, based on the lightweight engineering geological model, existing pile foundation and foundation pit models designed by the design unit are imported for corresponding collision checks and quantitative analysis. Through the pile foundation optimization unit module, the reliability of the design results is further verified, generating optimization suggestions and providing valuable data feedback. This facilitates cross-stage collaboration between investigation and design, helps reduce potential engineering risks, and improves the reliability of engineering investigation and design results. The project aims to digitize and unify the delivery and management of geotechnical engineering survey and design results and related analysis and evaluation results. This will enable the digital archiving of various results and the formation of enterprise data assets. The project will provide various geotechnical engineering data release, display, application, and delivery services to construction units, design units, and construction units of engineering projects. It will also provide a platform for all parties involved in the project to visualize, browse, analyze, and query geotechnical engineering data, thereby further improving the digital management and service level of geotechnical engineering survey and design enterprises and promoting the application of the smart city concept. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To overcome the shortcomings of existing technical solutions, this project aims to create an application system based on "BIM+GIS" integration technology. This system will focus on the visualization, quantitative analysis, and collaborative application of multi-source heterogeneous data, forming a comprehensive system that integrates 3D visualization of multi-source geotechnical engineering data from above-ground, surface, and underground sources. It will also facilitate quantitative analysis and evaluation of geotechnical engineering data and enable cross-stage collaborative application across multiple disciplines in surveying and design. This will improve the digitalization level of technical consulting for surveying and design enterprises in the multi-disciplinary integrated field of geotechnical engineering. By lightweight processing and integrating multi-source, multi-disciplinary, and multi-type geotechnical engineering BIM data and geographic information data, a lightweight BIM model in a standard spatial database format is obtained. This model is then linked with corresponding attribute information to produce complete lightweight BIM models for each discipline. Visual integration of multi-source heterogeneous data provides a data foundation for quantitative analysis and collaborative applications in geotechnical engineering. Based on a lightweight engineering geological model, a virtual pile foundation model is generated through a virtual pile layout module. Collision analysis is performed between the pile foundation model and the engineering geological model to obtain relevant collision and attribute information. This information is then used to analyze the pile foundation bearing capacity and settlement deformation, yielding quantitative analysis and evaluation results. The generated quantitative analysis data is stored and visualized, providing geotechnical investigation and design personnel with precise quantitative data support, thus improving the scientific rigor, relevance, and rationality of the investigation and design schemes. Furthermore, based on the lightweight engineering geological model, existing pile foundation and foundation pit models designed by the design unit are imported for corresponding collision checks and quantitative analysis. The pile data optimization module further verifies the reliability of the design results, generating optimization suggestions. The unfavorable profile analysis submodule analyzes the earth pressure values ​​of the vertical profile of the foundation pit geological model, identifying unfavorable profiles. This facilitates cross-stage collaboration between investigation and design, reduces potential engineering risks, and improves the reliability of engineering investigation and design results. Based on the quantitative analysis results of geotechnical engineering and the spatial distribution of the model, multiple fitting methods are used to model the results. The modeling results are rendered and displayed in a three-dimensional scene in the form of contour lines and contour surfaces, which helps to improve the visualization level of the quantitative analysis results of geotechnical engineering and provides intuitive reference for geotechnical investigation and design personnel.

[0009] A geotechnical engineering application analysis system based on the integration of BIM and GIS is disclosed. This system comprises a data integration module, a model refinement and presentation module, an evaluation and analysis module, and an attribute data modeling module. These modules are interconnected. Specifically: the data integration module integrates and displays various types of heterogeneous data from multiple sources; performs BIM lightweight processing on various geotechnical engineering investigation and design information models; edits and inputs attribute data; and performs texture processing on the models. The model refinement and presentation module performs scale analysis and annotation analysis on the engineering geological model according to the scale and annotation configuration, and renders the analysis results in a 3D scene; it also analyzes and refines the engineering geological model in the 3D scene according to the refined display effect configuration. The evaluation and analysis module analyzes the pile foundation model layer and the engineering geological model layer in the 3D scene. The spatial location and attribute information are used to evaluate and analyze the pile foundation model, and to quantitatively calculate the bearing capacity and settlement deformation of the pile foundation model; excavation analysis is performed on the engineering geological model layer, a construction schedule model is created, and the construction progress is simulated and displayed in animation in combination with the construction sequence; the foundation pit boundary is divided into several segments, the earth pressure value of the foundation pit profile corresponding to each segment of the foundation pit boundary is calculated, and unfavorable foundation pit profiles are found according to the constraints; key points are drawn in the 3D scene, connected according to the set graphic format and the legality of the graphics is checked, and the engineering geological model is sectioned and analyzed according to the generated graphics, and the analysis results are presented in the set display mode; the attribute data modeling module models the attribute fields of the geotechnical investigation and design information model according to the modeling parameters, and the modeling results are rendered and displayed in the 3D scene and exported.

[0010] A geotechnical engineering application analysis system based on the integration of BIM and GIS, wherein the data integration module includes a multi-source heterogeneous data visualization integration submodule, a BIM lightweighting submodule, an attribute data editing submodule, and a model texture processing submodule; wherein,

[0011] The multi-source heterogeneous data visualization integration submodule, based on 3D GIS technology, integrates and displays geotechnical engineering investigation and design information model data, above-ground 3D real-scene data, oblique photogrammetry data, underground 3D pipeline data, orthophoto data, and 2D vector data from various sources, disciplines, and data formats. The BIM lightweighting submodule performs BIM lightweighting processing on various geotechnical investigation and design information models, instantiates BIM models, optimizes model triangulation, and obtains a lightweight BIM model in a spatial database standard format. The attribute data editing submodule edits the attribute fields of geotechnical investigation and design information model layers and performs batch entry of attribute information. The model texture processing submodule performs texture processing on the geotechnical investigation and design information model, selects model layers requiring textures, classifies model elements in the model layers according to configured attribute fields, sets image paths for each type of model element based on the classification, sets texture parameters, and then processes the data to obtain a complete geotechnical investigation and design information model with textures.

[0012] A geotechnical engineering application analysis system based on the integration of BIM and GIS, wherein the attribute data editing submodule edits the attribute fields of the geotechnical investigation and design information model layer and performs batch entry of attribute information; the attribute data editing submodule includes: a field editing unit and an attribute entry unit; wherein:

[0013] The field editing unit is used to edit and manage the attribute fields of the geotechnical investigation and design information model layer; the attribute entry unit is used to batch enter the attribute information of the geotechnical investigation and design information model layer.

[0014] A geotechnical engineering application analysis system based on the integration of BIM and GIS, wherein the model refinement presentation module performs scale analysis and annotation analysis on the engineering geological model according to the scale and annotation configuration, and renders and displays the analysis results in a 3D scene; and analyzes and refines the engineering geological model in the 3D scene according to the refinement display effect configuration; the model refinement presentation module includes: a scale annotation sub-module and a refinement display sub-module; wherein:

[0015] The scale annotation submodule configures the scale annotation rendering style and annotation fields; performs scale annotation analysis on the engineering geological model, and renders and displays the analysis results in the 3D scene; the scale annotation analysis results can be converted into a specified format; the refined display submodule configures the refined display effect of the engineering geological model in the 3D scene, and analyzes and displays the engineering geological model in the 3D scene according to the configuration items.

[0016] A geotechnical engineering application analysis system based on the integration of BIM and GIS, wherein the scale annotation submodule: configures the scale annotation rendering style and annotation fields; performs scale annotation analysis on the engineering geological model, and renders and displays the analysis results in a 3D scene; the scale annotation analysis results can be converted into a specified format; the scale annotation submodule includes: a scale configuration unit, a stratigraphic scale unit, an annotation configuration unit, and a stratigraphic annotation unit; wherein:

[0017] The scale configuration unit configures the scale style for analysis and rendering in the 3D scene of the stratigraphic scale unit. The stratigraphic scale unit, by selecting a point at a specified location on the engineering geological model in the 3D scene as the starting point, setting the scale height, and calculating the ending point, analyzes and renders the vertical height of each stratum between the starting point and the ending point in the 3D scene. The annotation configuration unit configures the annotation style and annotation fields for analysis and rendering in the 3D scene of the stratigraphic annotation unit. The stratigraphic annotation unit, by selecting a point at a specified location on the engineering geological model in the 3D scene as the starting point, setting the scale height, and calculating the ending point, analyzes and renders the currently configured attribute information of each stratum between the starting point and the ending point in the 3D scene.

[0018] A geotechnical engineering application analysis system based on the combination of BIM and GIS, wherein the refined display submodule configures the refined display effect of the engineering geological model in the three-dimensional scene, and analyzes and displays the engineering geological model in the three-dimensional scene according to the configuration items; the refined display submodule includes: a display configuration unit and a result display unit;

[0019] The display configuration unit allows for selection of layer separation and hidden layer removal configurations for refining the engineering geological model in the 3D scene. When layer separation is selected, the stratigraphic spacing is set and animation effects are selected. When hidden layer removal is selected, the stratigraphic models that need to be hidden are operated on. The result display unit displays the refined engineering geological model in the 3D scene according to the configuration items set in the display configuration unit.

[0020] A geotechnical engineering application analysis system based on the integration of BIM and GIS is disclosed. The evaluation and analysis module evaluates and analyzes the pile foundation model in a 3D scene based on the spatial location and attribute information of the pile foundation model layer and the engineering geological model layer. It quantitatively calculates the bearing capacity and settlement deformation of the pile foundation model; performs excavation analysis on the engineering geological model layer; creates a construction schedule model; and simulates the construction progress with animation based on the construction sequence. The system divides the foundation pit boundary into several segments, calculates the earth pressure value of the foundation pit profile corresponding to each segment, and identifies unfavorable foundation pit profiles based on defined conditions. Key points are drawn in the 3D scene, connected according to a set graphic format, and their validity is checked. The system then performs a sectioning analysis on the engineering geological model based on the generated graphics, and the analysis results are presented in a predefined display format. The evaluation and analysis module includes: a pile foundation evaluation and analysis submodule, a foundation pit excavation submodule, an unfavorable section analysis submodule, and a model sectioning submodule.

[0021] The pile foundation evaluation and analysis submodule performs virtual pile placement on the engineering geological model layer in the 3D scene based on pile foundation parameters and pile location; performs collision analysis, bearing capacity analysis, and settlement deformation analysis on the engineering geological model layer and pile foundation model layer in the 3D scene, saves the analysis results to the database and manages them, performs collision analysis on the existing pile foundation model layer and generates a pile foundation model data optimization report according to specified rules;

[0022] The foundation pit excavation submodule performs foundation pit excavation analysis on the engineering geological model layer in a 3D scene based on the specified excavation body model; it also creates a construction schedule model by setting relevant parameters and simulates the construction progress of the project in animation by combining the construction sequence.

[0023] The unfavorable profile analysis submodule: Divides the foundation pit boundary into several segments according to the settings, calculates the soil pressure value of the foundation pit profile corresponding to each segment of the foundation pit boundary, queries out the unfavorable foundation pit profiles that meet the conditions according to the limiting conditions, and highlights them in the three-dimensional scene.

[0024] The model sectioning submodule: draws key points in the 3D scene, connects them according to the set graphic format and checks the legality of the graphics, performs sectioning analysis on the engineering geological model based on the generated graphics, and presents the analysis results in the set display mode.

[0025] A geotechnical engineering application analysis system based on the integration of BIM and GIS is disclosed. The pile foundation evaluation and analysis submodule performs virtual pile placement on the engineering geological model layer in a 3D scene based on pile foundation parameters and pile location. It performs collision analysis, bearing capacity analysis, and settlement deformation analysis on the engineering geological model layer and pile foundation model layer in the 3D scene, saves the analysis results to a database for management, and performs collision analysis on existing pile foundation model layers, generating a pile foundation model data optimization report according to specified rules. The pile foundation evaluation and analysis submodule includes: a virtual pile placement unit, a pile-soil collision analysis unit, a pile bearing capacity analysis unit, a pile settlement deformation analysis unit, a pile data optimization unit, and a pile foundation engineering management unit.

[0026] The virtual pile placement unit: performs virtual pile placement on the engineering geological model layer in the 3D scene according to the pile foundation parameters and pile placement points; including: click pile placement unit and regular pile placement unit;

[0027] The pile-soil collision analysis unit selects the pre-analyzed pile foundation model layer and the engineering geological model layer, performs collision analysis on each pile foundation model in the selected pile foundation model layer and the intersecting stratum models in the engineering geological model layer, assigns a unique value number to each pile foundation model and the number corresponds to the description data of each intersecting stratum model, saves the analysis results in the database, and outputs the analysis results in one or more of the following formats: text format, image format, numerical format, and chart format.

[0028] The pile foundation bearing capacity analysis unit selects the analysis results from the pile-soil collision analysis unit and obtains the bearing capacity results of each pile foundation model in the pile foundation model layer through calculation. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0029] Q uk =u p Σq sik l i +q pk A p

[0030] In the formula: q sik —Standard value of ultimate lateral resistance of the i-th layer of soil along the pile;

[0031] q pk —Standard value of extreme end resistance;

[0032] A p —Cross-sectional area at the bottom of the pile;

[0033] u p —Pile circumference;

[0034] l i —Thickness of the i-th soil layer penetrated by the pile

[0035] The bearing capacity results of each pile foundation model are saved to the database for data transmission; the bearing capacity results of each pile foundation model are then annotated onto the pile foundation model in the 3D scene.

[0036] The pile foundation settlement deformation analysis unit selects the analysis results of the pile-soil collision analysis unit, the pile foundation model layer, and the engineering geological model layer, and configures the pile foundation settlement parameters. During configuration, when a specific configuration is selected, the corresponding parameters are input. The settlement deformation results of each pile foundation model in the pile foundation model layer are obtained through calculation, resulting in the final calculated settlement of the pile foundation. The calculation formula group is as follows:

[0037] First, calculate the stress generated by the side friction of the k-th pile at depth z:

[0038]

[0039] Where: σ zs,k —The stress (kPa) generated by the side friction of the k-th pile at depth z.

[0040] I s1,k ,I s2,k —Stress influence coefficient;

[0041] Q—The additional load (kN) of a single pile under axial vertical force in the quasi-permanent combination of forces, is borne by the pile end resistance Qp and the pile side friction Qs, and Qp=αQ, where α is the pile end resistance ratio; the pile end resistance is assumed to be a concentrated force, and the pile side friction can be assumed to be composed of two forms: uniform distribution along the pile body and linearly increasing distribution along the pile body, with values ​​of βQ and (1-α-β)Q, respectively. For friction piles, β=0 can be taken.

[0042] Next, calculate the stress generated by the end resistance of the k-th pile at depth z:

[0043]

[0044] Where: σ zp,k —The stress (kPa) generated at depth z by the end resistance of the k-th pile;

[0045] l — Pile length (m);

[0046] I p,k —Stress influence coefficient;

[0047] Based on the stress generated by the side friction and end resistance of the piles, the additional stress generated by each pile at that point is superimposed one by one to calculate the vertical additional stress value at a certain point in the foundation:

[0048]

[0049] The final settlement was calculated using the uniaxial compression layered summation method.

[0050]

[0051] Where: S——final calculated settlement of the pile foundation, (mm);

[0052] m — the total number of soil layers within the compressible layer range below the pile tip plane;

[0053] E sj，i —The compressive stress of the j-th soil layer and the i-th layer below the pile tip plane in the section from the self-weight stress to the self-weight stress plus additional stress.

[0054] Modulus of contraction (MPa);

[0055] n j —The number of soil layers to be calculated below the j-th layer of the pile tip plane;

[0056] Δh j，i —Thickness of the i-th layer of soil in the j-th layer below the pile tip plane, (m);

[0057] σ j,i —The vertical additional stress (kPa) of the i-th layer of the j-th soil layer below the pile tip plane;

[0058] Ψ p —Empirical coefficients for calculating pile foundation settlement;

[0059] Pile Data Optimization Unit: Based on the engineering geological model layer, collision analysis is performed on the designed pile foundation model to obtain the single pile bearing capacity of each pile foundation. The piles are then filtered according to specified rules and displayed in a differentiated manner in the 3D scene. Combining multiple factors such as pile foundation load, pile foundation bearing capacity, and pile foundation deformation, a pile foundation data optimization report is generated and exported.

[0060] The pile foundation engineering management unit can create, modify, and delete pile foundation engineering information; and retrieve, view, and export the analysis results of the pile-soil collision analysis unit, the pile foundation bearing capacity analysis unit, the pile foundation settlement deformation analysis unit, and the pile data optimization unit.

[0061] A geotechnical engineering application analysis system based on the combination of BIM and GIS, wherein the virtual pile placement unit: performs virtual pile placement on the engineering geological model layer in the three-dimensional scene according to the pile foundation parameters and pile placement points; the virtual pile placement unit includes: click pile placement unit and rule pile placement unit;

[0062] The click-to-place pile sub-unit involves clicking on the engineering geological model layer in the 3D scene to virtually place piles, setting pile foundation parameters, including pile diameter, pile length, pile type, and pile top elevation. After selecting the pile placement position in the 3D scene, the pile foundation model is automatically rendered and saved to the database.

[0063] The rule-based pile layout sub-unit: Performs rule-based virtual pile layout on the engineering geological model layer in the 3D scene, sets pile foundation parameters including pile diameter, pile length, pile type, and pile top elevation, and sets pile arrangement parameters according to specified rules, including row spacing, column spacing, number of rows, number of columns, and rotation angle; after drawing the pile layout range in the 3D scene, performs point preview, performs virtual pile layout based on the preview points rendered in the 3D scene, automatically renders and generates a pile foundation model, and saves it to the database.

[0064] A geotechnical engineering application analysis system based on the combination of BIM and GIS, wherein the foundation pit excavation submodule: performs foundation pit excavation analysis on the engineering geological model layer in a three-dimensional scene according to the specified excavation body model; creates a construction schedule model by setting relevant parameters, and performs animation simulation display of the construction progress in combination with the construction sequence; the foundation pit excavation submodule includes: excavation unit and construction schedule simulation unit;

[0065] The excavation unit comprises: performing excavation analysis on the engineering geological model layer based on a specified excavation body model to obtain a geological model and a foundation pit geological model as excavation results; the excavation unit includes a drawing range excavation sub-unit and a foundation pit model excavation sub-unit; wherein, the drawing range excavation sub-unit: drawing the excavation range on the surface of the engineering geological model in the 3D scene, setting the excavation depth, and performing excavation analysis on the engineering geological model based on the volume model formed by the excavation range and excavation depth to form excavation results; the excavation results include the excavation geological model and the foundation pit geological model;

[0066] The excavation sub-unit of the foundation pit model: select the soil model layer to be excavated and the engineering geological model layer, perform excavation analysis at the intersection of the soil model layer to be excavated and the engineering geological model layer to form the excavation results; the excavation results include the excavation geological model and the foundation pit geological model;

[0067] The construction schedule simulation unit: In a 3D scene, by setting up one or more excavation body models, batch excavation analysis is performed according to the excavation sequence to form a construction schedule model; the construction schedule model results, construction sequence, and related parameters are used to perform animated simulation of the project construction progress; the construction schedule simulation unit includes: a construction schedule model production unit and a construction schedule animation display unit.

[0068] The construction schedule model creation subunit involves: drawing one or more excavation areas on the surface of the engineering geological model in a 3D scene, assigning each excavation area a unique number, setting its excavation depth and excavation sequence according to the number, performing excavation analysis on the engineering geological model based on the volume model formed by the excavation depth and excavation area according to the excavation sequence, and generating corresponding excavation results; setting the number of excavated soil models according to requirements, assigning each excavated soil model a unique number, setting the excavation sequence according to the number, and performing excavation analysis on the engineering geological model according to the excavation sequence, thereby generating corresponding excavation results;

[0069] The construction schedule animation display sub-unit: Based on the excavation results generated by the construction schedule model production unit, the animation is displayed according to the excavation sequence through parameter settings; the parameter settings include: interval time, hidden surface removal method, hidden surface removal time, and whether to loop playback.

[0070] A geotechnical engineering application analysis system based on the integration of BIM and GIS, wherein the unfavorable profile analysis submodule: divides the foundation pit boundary into several segments according to settings, calculates the earth pressure value of the foundation pit profile corresponding to each segment of the foundation pit boundary, queries out unfavorable foundation pit profiles that meet the conditions according to constraints, and highlights them in the 3D scene; the unfavorable profile analysis submodule includes: a foundation pit boundary segmentation configuration unit, a foundation pit profile earth pressure calculation unit, and an unfavorable profile search unit; wherein:

[0071] The foundation pit boundary segment configuration unit: On the surface of the engineering geological model in the three-dimensional scene, the foundation pit boundary is virtually divided into several segments according to the perimeter of the foundation pit boundary and the segment length, and a virtual foundation pit structural column is generated according to the midpoint of each segment boundary and the foundation pit height.

[0072] The earth pressure calculation unit for the foundation pit profile: performs collision analysis between the foundation pit structural column and the intersecting foundation pit profile strata, and calculates the earth pressure result of the foundation pit profile based on the collision analysis results.

[0073] The unfavorable profile search unit compares the earth pressure results of each segment profile, queries out unfavorable foundation pit profiles that meet the conditions according to the constraints, and highlights them in the three-dimensional scene.

[0074] A geotechnical engineering application analysis system based on the integration of BIM and GIS, wherein the model sectioning submodule: draws key points in a 3D scene, connects them according to a set graphic format and checks the validity of the graphics, performs sectioning analysis on the engineering geological model based on the generated graphics, and presents the analysis results in a set display format; the model sectioning submodule includes: a key point drawing unit, a key point connection unit, a checking unit, and an analysis display unit; wherein;

[0075] The key point drawing unit: selects key points sequentially on the surface of the engineering geological model layer in the three-dimensional scene, inputs the coordinate values ​​of the key points, reads the coordinate value information of each key point, and performs projection transformation according to the spatial reference information of the current geological model data;

[0076] The key point connection unit connects the key points generated by the key point drawing submodule to form the required graphic according to the set graphic format and key point position order.

[0077] The inspection unit checks whether the graphic is valid based on the graphic format and key point information, and traverses each key point to determine the number of line endpoints, whether the starting and ending points of the polygon are the same, and whether the lines of the "tic-tac-toe" graphic intersect.

[0078] The analysis and display unit: sets the analysis and display mode, performs cross-sectional analysis on the engineering geological model based on the generated graphics, generates analysis results, and presents the analysis results in the set display mode.

[0079] A geotechnical engineering application analysis system based on the combination of BIM and GIS, wherein the attribute data modeling module: models the attribute fields of the geotechnical investigation and design information model according to modeling parameters, and renders and exports the modeling results in a 3D scene; the attribute data modeling module includes an attribute data modeling parameter configuration submodule and an attribute data modeling display and export submodule; wherein;

[0080] The attribute data modeling parameter configuration submodule: selects the attribute fields of the geotechnical investigation and design information model layer according to the requirements and sets the modeling parameters;

[0081] The attribute data modeling, display, and export submodule performs fitting modeling based on the set modeling parameters, renders and displays the modeling results in a 3D scene, and can be exported as images and vector formats.

[0082] A geotechnical engineering application analysis system based on the integration of BIM and GIS, wherein the data formats include: MAX format, RVT format, DGN format, OSGB format, DEM format, DOM format, and SHP format; various geotechnical investigation and design information models include: engineering geological model, hydrogeological model, foundation pit support structure information model, and pile foundation model; texture parameters include: texture height, texture width, texture angle, and texture interval; ruler styles include: ruler line color, ruler line width, ruler scale color, ruler scale width, ruler text color, ruler text size, and ruler text font; annotation styles include: annotation line color, annotation line width, annotation scale color, annotation scale width, annotation text color, annotation text size, and annotation text font; annotation fields are configured according to the attributes of the current layer, and the number ranges from one to more than one. The text between fields can be configured according to requirements; animation effects include: gradual separation, direct separation, and pop-up separation; pile settlement parameters include: lateral resistance distribution, pile modulus, soil modulus amplification factor, Poisson's ratio, and depth of analysis below the pile tip; lateral resistance distribution includes triangular distribution, rectangular distribution, and concentrated distribution; soil modulus amplification factor includes 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0; the number of excavated soil models can be set between 1 and 99; graphic formats include: straight lines, polygons, circles, and grids; analysis display methods include: profile display and section display; modeling parameters include: interpolation method, minimum value, maximum value, spacing, interpolation coefficient, display settings, and gradient color; interpolation methods include: ordinary kriging, fast kriging, inverse distance weighted method, and inverse distance and weighted method; display settings include: contour display and isosurface display.

[0083] Therefore, it can be seen that:

[0084] The system in this invention embodiment is based on "BIM+GIS" integration technology, aiming at the visualization integration, quantitative analysis, and collaborative application of multi-source heterogeneous data. It forms an application system that integrates three-dimensional visualization of multi-source data from above-ground, surface, and underground geotechnical engineering, quantitative analysis and evaluation of geotechnical engineering, and cross-stage collaborative application across multiple disciplines in surveying and design. This system is beneficial for improving the digitalization level of technical consultation for surveying and design enterprises in the field of multi-disciplinary integrated geotechnical engineering. By lightweight processing and integrating multi-source, multi-disciplinary, and multi-type geotechnical engineering BIM data and geographic information data, a lightweight BIM model in a spatial database standard format is obtained. This model is then linked with corresponding attribute information to obtain complete lightweight BIM models for each discipline. Visual integration of multi-source heterogeneous data provides a data foundation for quantitative analysis and collaborative application in geotechnical engineering. Based on a lightweight engineering geological model, a virtual pile foundation model is generated through a virtual pile layout module. Collision analysis is performed between the pile foundation model and the engineering geological model to obtain relevant collision and attribute information. This information is then used to analyze the pile foundation bearing capacity and settlement deformation, yielding quantitative analysis and evaluation results. The generated quantitative analysis data is stored and visualized, providing geotechnical investigation and design personnel with precise quantitative data support, thus improving the scientific rigor, relevance, and rationality of the investigation and design schemes. Furthermore, based on the lightweight engineering geological model, existing pile foundation and foundation pit models designed by the design unit are imported for corresponding collision checks and quantitative analysis. The pile data optimization module further verifies the reliability of the design results, generating optimization suggestions. The unfavorable profile analysis submodule analyzes the earth pressure values ​​of the vertical profile of the foundation pit geological model, identifying unfavorable profiles. This facilitates cross-stage collaboration between investigation and design, reduces potential engineering risks, and improves the reliability of engineering investigation and design results. Based on the quantitative analysis results of geotechnical engineering and the spatial distribution of the model, multiple fitting methods are used to model the results. The modeling results are rendered and displayed in a three-dimensional scene in the form of contour lines and contour surfaces, which helps to improve the visualization level of the quantitative analysis results of geotechnical engineering and provides intuitive reference for geotechnical investigation and design personnel. Attached Figure Description

[0085] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a geotechnical engineering application analysis system based on the combination of BIM and GIS provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0086] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the data integration module structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0087] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the attribute data editing submodule structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0088] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the model refinement presentation module structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0089] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the scale annotation submodule structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0090] Figure 6 This is a detailed schematic diagram of the sub-module structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0091] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the evaluation and analysis module structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0092] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the pile foundation evaluation and analysis submodule structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0093] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the virtual pile placement unit structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0094] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the foundation pit excavation submodule structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0095] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the unfavorable cross-section analysis submodule structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0096] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the model sectioning submodule structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0097] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the attribute data modeling module structure in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0098] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are used to explain the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0099] Example 1:

[0100] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the geotechnical engineering application analysis system based on the combination of BIM and GIS provided in this embodiment, as shown below. Figure 1As shown, a geotechnical engineering application analysis system based on the integration of BIM and GIS is presented. This system comprises a data integration module, a model refinement and presentation module, an evaluation and analysis module, and an attribute data modeling module. These modules are interconnected. Specifically: the data integration module integrates and displays various heterogeneous data from multiple sources; performs BIM lightweight processing on various geotechnical engineering investigation and design information models; edits and inputs attribute data; and performs texture processing on the models. The model refinement and presentation module performs scale analysis and annotation analysis on the engineering geological model according to the scale and annotation configuration, and renders the analysis results in a 3D scene; it also analyzes and refines the engineering geological model in the 3D scene according to the refined display effect configuration. The evaluation and analysis module, based on the pile foundation model layer and the engineering geological model layer in the 3D scene... The spatial location and attribute information are used to evaluate and analyze the pile foundation model, and to quantitatively calculate the bearing capacity and settlement deformation of the pile foundation model; excavation analysis is performed on the engineering geological model layer, a construction schedule model is created, and the construction progress is simulated and displayed in animation in combination with the construction sequence; the foundation pit boundary is divided into several segments, the earth pressure value of the foundation pit profile corresponding to each segment of the foundation pit boundary is calculated, and unfavorable foundation pit profiles are found according to the constraints; key points are drawn in the 3D scene, connected according to the set graphic format and the legality of the graphics is checked, and the engineering geological model is sectioned and analyzed according to the generated graphics, and the analysis results are presented in the set display mode; the attribute data modeling module models the attribute fields of the geotechnical investigation and design information model according to the modeling parameters, and the modeling results are rendered and displayed in the 3D scene and exported.

[0101] like Figure 2 As shown, a geotechnical engineering application analysis system based on the combination of BIM and GIS is described. The data integration module includes a multi-source heterogeneous data visualization integration submodule, a BIM lightweighting submodule, an attribute data editing submodule, and a model texture processing submodule; wherein,

[0102] The multi-source heterogeneous data visualization integration submodule, based on 3D GIS technology, integrates and displays geotechnical engineering investigation and design information model data, above-ground 3D real-scene data, oblique photogrammetry data, underground 3D pipeline data, orthophoto data, and 2D vector data from various sources, disciplines, and data formats. The BIM lightweighting submodule performs BIM lightweighting processing on various geotechnical investigation and design information models, instantiates BIM models, optimizes model triangulation, and obtains a lightweight BIM model in a spatial database standard format. The attribute data editing submodule edits the attribute fields of geotechnical investigation and design information model layers and performs batch entry of attribute information. The model texture processing submodule performs texture processing on the geotechnical investigation and design information model, selects model layers requiring textures, classifies model elements in the model layers according to configured attribute fields, sets image paths for each type of model element based on the classification, sets texture parameters, and then processes the data to obtain a complete geotechnical investigation and design information model with textures.

[0103] like Figure 3 As shown, a geotechnical engineering application analysis system based on the combination of BIM and GIS is described. The attribute data editing submodule edits the attribute fields of the geotechnical investigation and design information model layer and performs batch entry of attribute information. The attribute data editing submodule includes: a field editing unit and an attribute entry unit; wherein:

[0104] The field editing unit is used to edit and manage the attribute fields of the geotechnical investigation and design information model layer; the attribute entry unit is used to batch enter the attribute information of the geotechnical investigation and design information model layer.

[0105] like Figure 4 As shown, a geotechnical engineering application analysis system based on the combination of BIM and GIS includes a model refinement module. This module performs scale analysis and annotation analysis on the engineering geological model according to scale and annotation configurations, and renders the analysis results in a 3D scene. It also analyzes and refines the engineering geological model in the 3D scene according to the refined display effect configuration. The model refinement module includes a scale annotation sub-module and a refined display sub-module.

[0106] The scale annotation submodule configures the scale annotation rendering style and annotation fields; performs scale annotation analysis on the engineering geological model, and renders and displays the analysis results in the 3D scene; the scale annotation analysis results can be converted into a specified format; the refined display submodule configures the refined display effect of the engineering geological model in the 3D scene, and analyzes and displays the engineering geological model in the 3D scene according to the configuration items.

[0107] like Figure 5As shown, a geotechnical engineering application analysis system based on the combination of BIM and GIS includes a scale annotation submodule that: configures the scale annotation rendering style and annotation fields; performs scale annotation analysis on the engineering geological model, and renders and displays the analysis results in a 3D scene; the scale annotation analysis results can be converted into a specified format; the scale annotation submodule includes: a scale configuration unit, a stratigraphic scale unit, an annotation configuration unit, and a stratigraphic annotation unit; wherein:

[0108] The scale configuration unit configures the scale style for analysis and rendering in the 3D scene of the stratigraphic scale unit. The stratigraphic scale unit, by selecting a point at a specified location on the engineering geological model in the 3D scene as the starting point, setting the scale height, and calculating the ending point, analyzes and renders the vertical height of each stratum between the starting point and the ending point in the 3D scene. The annotation configuration unit configures the annotation style and annotation fields for analysis and rendering in the 3D scene of the stratigraphic annotation unit. The stratigraphic annotation unit, by selecting a point at a specified location on the engineering geological model in the 3D scene as the starting point, setting the scale height, and calculating the ending point, analyzes and renders the currently configured attribute information of each stratum between the starting point and the ending point in the 3D scene.

[0109] like Figure 6 As shown, a geotechnical engineering application analysis system based on the combination of BIM and GIS is described. The refined display submodule configures the refined display effect of the engineering geological model in the three-dimensional scene and analyzes and displays the engineering geological model in the three-dimensional scene according to the configuration items. The refined display submodule includes a display configuration unit and a result display unit.

[0110] The display configuration unit allows for selection of layer separation and hidden layer removal configurations for refining the engineering geological model in the 3D scene. When layer separation is selected, the stratigraphic spacing is set and animation effects are selected. When hidden layer removal is selected, the stratigraphic models that need to be hidden are operated on. The result display unit displays the refined engineering geological model in the 3D scene according to the configuration items set in the display configuration unit.

[0111] like Figure 7As shown, a geotechnical engineering application analysis system based on the combination of BIM and GIS is disclosed. The evaluation and analysis module evaluates and analyzes the pile foundation model in a 3D scene based on the spatial location and attribute information of the pile foundation model layer and the engineering geological model layer, quantitatively calculating the bearing capacity and settlement deformation of the pile foundation model; it performs excavation analysis on the engineering geological model layer, creates a construction schedule model, and simulates the construction progress with animation based on the construction sequence; it divides the foundation pit boundary into several segments, calculates the earth pressure value of the foundation pit profile corresponding to each segment, and identifies unfavorable foundation pit profiles based on constraints; it draws key points in the 3D scene, connects them according to the set graphic format, checks the graphic validity, and performs cross-sectional analysis on the engineering geological model based on the generated graphics. The analysis results are presented in a set display format. The evaluation and analysis module includes: a pile foundation evaluation and analysis submodule, a foundation pit excavation submodule, an unfavorable profile analysis submodule, and a model cross-sectional analysis submodule.

[0112] The pile foundation evaluation and analysis submodule performs virtual pile placement on the engineering geological model layer in the 3D scene based on pile foundation parameters and pile location; performs collision analysis, bearing capacity analysis, and settlement deformation analysis on the engineering geological model layer and pile foundation model layer in the 3D scene, saves the analysis results to the database and manages them, performs collision analysis on the existing pile foundation model layer and generates a pile foundation model data optimization report according to specified rules;

[0113] The foundation pit excavation submodule performs foundation pit excavation analysis on the engineering geological model layer in a 3D scene based on the specified excavation body model; it also creates a construction schedule model by setting relevant parameters and simulates the construction progress of the project in animation by combining the construction sequence.

[0114] The unfavorable profile analysis submodule: Divides the foundation pit boundary into several segments according to the settings, calculates the soil pressure value of the foundation pit profile corresponding to each segment of the foundation pit boundary, queries out the unfavorable foundation pit profiles that meet the conditions according to the limiting conditions, and highlights them in the three-dimensional scene.

[0115] The model sectioning submodule: draws key points in the 3D scene, connects them according to the set graphic format and checks the legality of the graphics, performs sectioning analysis on the engineering geological model based on the generated graphics, and presents the analysis results in the set display mode.

[0116] like Figure 8As shown, a geotechnical engineering application analysis system based on the combination of BIM and GIS is disclosed. The pile foundation evaluation and analysis submodule performs virtual pile placement on the engineering geological model layer in the 3D scene according to pile foundation parameters and pile location; it performs collision analysis, bearing capacity analysis, and settlement deformation analysis on the engineering geological model layer and pile foundation model layer in the 3D scene, saves the analysis results to a database for management, and performs collision analysis on existing pile foundation model layers and generates a pile foundation model data optimization report according to specified rules. The pile foundation evaluation and analysis submodule includes: a virtual pile placement unit, a pile-soil collision analysis unit, a pile bearing capacity analysis unit, a pile settlement deformation analysis unit, a pile data optimization unit, and a pile foundation engineering management unit.

[0117] The virtual pile placement unit: performs virtual pile placement on the engineering geological model layer in the 3D scene according to the pile foundation parameters and pile placement points; including: click pile placement unit and regular pile placement unit;

[0118] The pile-soil collision analysis unit selects the pre-analyzed pile foundation model layer and the engineering geological model layer, performs collision analysis on each pile foundation model in the selected pile foundation model layer and the intersecting stratum models in the engineering geological model layer, assigns a unique value number to each pile foundation model and the number corresponds to the description data of each intersecting stratum model, saves the analysis results in the database, and outputs the analysis results in one or more of the following formats: text format, image format, numerical format, and chart format.

[0119] The pile foundation bearing capacity analysis unit selects the analysis results from the pile-soil collision analysis unit and obtains the bearing capacity results of each pile foundation model in the pile foundation model layer through calculation. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0120] Q uk =u p Σq sik l i +q pk A p

[0121] In the formula: q sik —Standard value of ultimate lateral resistance of the i-th layer of soil along the pile;

[0122] q pk —Standard value of extreme end resistance;

[0123] A p —Cross-sectional area at the bottom of the pile;

[0124] u p —Pile circumference;

[0125] l i —Thickness of the i-th soil layer penetrated by the pile

[0126] The bearing capacity results of each pile foundation model are saved to the database for data transmission; the bearing capacity results of each pile foundation model are then annotated onto the pile foundation model in the 3D scene.

[0127] The pile foundation settlement deformation analysis unit selects the analysis results of the pile-soil collision analysis unit, the pile foundation model layer, and the engineering geological model layer, and configures the pile foundation settlement parameters. During configuration, when a specific configuration is selected, the corresponding parameters are input. The settlement deformation results of each pile foundation model in the pile foundation model layer are obtained through calculation, resulting in the final calculated settlement of the pile foundation. The calculation formula group is as follows:

[0128] First, calculate the stress generated by the side friction of the k-th pile at depth z:

[0129]

[0130] Where: σ zs,k —The stress (kPa) generated by the side friction of the k-th pile at depth z.

[0131] I s1,k ,I s2,k —Stress influence coefficient;

[0132] Q—The additional load (kN) of a single pile under axial vertical force in the quasi-permanent combination of forces, is borne by the pile end resistance Qp and the pile side friction Qs, and Qp=αQ, where α is the pile end resistance ratio; the pile end resistance is assumed to be a concentrated force, and the pile side friction can be assumed to be composed of two forms: uniform distribution along the pile body and linearly increasing distribution along the pile body, with values ​​of βQ and (1-α-β)Q, respectively. For friction piles, β=0 can be taken.

[0133] Next, calculate the stress generated by the end resistance of the k-th pile at depth z:

[0134]

[0135] Where: σ zp,k —The stress (kPa) generated at depth z by the end resistance of the k-th pile;

[0136] l — Pile length (m);

[0137] I p,k —Stress influence coefficient;

[0138] Based on the stress generated by the side friction and end resistance of the piles, the additional stress generated by each pile at that point is superimposed one by one to calculate the vertical additional stress value at a certain point in the foundation:

[0139]

[0140] The final settlement was calculated using the uniaxial compression layered summation method.

[0141]

[0142] Where: S——final calculated settlement of the pile foundation (mm);

[0143] m — the total number of soil layers within the compressible layer range below the pile tip plane;

[0144] E sj，i —Compression modulus (MPa) of the i-th layer of soil in the j-th layer below the pile tip plane in the range of self-weight stress to self-weight stress plus additional stress;

[0145] n j —The number of soil layers to be calculated below the j-th layer of the pile tip plane;

[0146] Δh j，i —The thickness (m) of the i-th layer of soil in the j-th layer below the pile tip plane;

[0147] σ j,i —The vertical additional stress (kPa) of the i-th layer of the j-th soil layer below the pile tip plane;

[0148] Ψ p —Empirical coefficients for calculating pile foundation settlement;

[0149] Pile Data Optimization Unit: Based on the engineering geological model layer, collision analysis is performed on the designed pile foundation model to obtain the single pile bearing capacity of each pile foundation. The piles are then filtered according to specified rules and displayed in a differentiated manner in the 3D scene. Combining multiple factors such as pile foundation load, pile foundation bearing capacity, and pile foundation deformation, a pile foundation data optimization report is generated and exported.

[0150] The pile foundation engineering management unit can create, modify, and delete pile foundation engineering information; and retrieve, view, and export the analysis results of the pile-soil collision analysis unit, the pile foundation bearing capacity analysis unit, the pile foundation settlement deformation analysis unit, and the pile data optimization unit.

[0151] like Figure 9 As shown, a geotechnical engineering application analysis system based on the combination of BIM and GIS is described. The virtual pile placement unit: virtually places piles on the engineering geological model layer in the three-dimensional scene according to the pile foundation parameters and pile placement points; the virtual pile placement unit includes: click pile placement unit and rule pile placement unit;

[0152] The click-to-place pile sub-unit involves clicking on the engineering geological model layer in the 3D scene to virtually place piles, setting pile foundation parameters, including pile diameter, pile length, pile type, and pile top elevation. After selecting the pile placement position in the 3D scene, the pile foundation model is automatically rendered and saved to the database.

[0153] The rule-based pile layout sub-unit: Performs rule-based virtual pile layout on the engineering geological model layer in the 3D scene, sets pile foundation parameters including pile diameter, pile length, pile type, and pile top elevation, and sets pile arrangement parameters according to specified rules, including row spacing, column spacing, number of rows, number of columns, and rotation angle; after drawing the pile layout range in the 3D scene, performs point preview, performs virtual pile layout based on the preview points rendered in the 3D scene, automatically renders and generates a pile foundation model, and saves it to the database.

[0154] like Figure 10 As shown, a geotechnical engineering application analysis system based on the combination of BIM and GIS is described. The foundation pit excavation submodule performs foundation pit excavation analysis on the engineering geological model layer in a three-dimensional scene according to the specified excavation body model; by setting relevant parameters, a construction schedule model is created, and the construction progress is simulated and displayed in animation in combination with the construction sequence; the foundation pit excavation submodule includes: excavation unit and construction schedule simulation unit.

[0155] The excavation unit comprises: performing excavation analysis on the engineering geological model layer based on a specified excavation body model to obtain a geological model and a foundation pit geological model as excavation results; the excavation unit includes a drawing range excavation sub-unit and a foundation pit model excavation sub-unit; wherein, the drawing range excavation sub-unit: drawing the excavation range on the surface of the engineering geological model in the 3D scene, setting the excavation depth, and performing excavation analysis on the engineering geological model based on the volume model formed by the excavation range and excavation depth to form excavation results; the excavation results include the excavation geological model and the foundation pit geological model;

[0156] The excavation sub-unit of the foundation pit model: select the soil model layer to be excavated and the engineering geological model layer, perform excavation analysis at the intersection of the soil model layer to be excavated and the engineering geological model layer to form the excavation results; the excavation results include the excavation geological model and the foundation pit geological model;

[0157] The construction schedule simulation unit: In a 3D scene, by setting up one or more excavation body models, batch excavation analysis is performed according to the excavation sequence to form a construction schedule model; the construction schedule model results, construction sequence, and related parameters are used to perform animated simulation of the project construction progress; the construction schedule simulation unit includes: a construction schedule model production unit and a construction schedule animation display unit.

[0158] The construction schedule model creation subunit involves: drawing one or more excavation areas on the surface of the engineering geological model in a 3D scene, assigning each excavation area a unique number, setting its excavation depth and excavation sequence according to the number, performing excavation analysis on the engineering geological model based on the volume model formed by the excavation depth and excavation area according to the excavation sequence, and generating corresponding excavation results; setting the number of excavated soil models according to requirements, assigning each excavated soil model a unique number, setting the excavation sequence according to the number, and performing excavation analysis on the engineering geological model according to the excavation sequence, thereby generating corresponding excavation results;

[0159] The construction schedule animation display sub-unit: Based on the excavation results generated by the construction schedule model production unit, the animation is displayed according to the excavation sequence through parameter settings; the parameter settings include: interval time, hidden surface removal method, hidden surface removal time, and whether to loop playback.

[0160] like Figure 11 As shown, a geotechnical engineering application analysis system based on the combination of BIM and GIS includes an unfavorable profile analysis submodule. This submodule divides the foundation pit boundary into several segments according to settings, calculates the earth pressure value of the foundation pit profile corresponding to each segment, queries for unfavorable foundation pit profiles that meet certain conditions, and highlights them in the 3D scene. The unfavorable profile analysis submodule includes: a foundation pit boundary segmentation configuration unit, a foundation pit profile earth pressure calculation unit, and an unfavorable profile search unit.

[0161] The foundation pit boundary segment configuration unit: On the surface of the engineering geological model in the three-dimensional scene, the foundation pit boundary is virtually divided into several segments according to the perimeter of the foundation pit boundary and the segment length, and a virtual foundation pit structural column is generated according to the midpoint of each segment boundary and the foundation pit height.

[0162] The earth pressure calculation unit for the foundation pit profile: performs collision analysis between the foundation pit structural column and the intersecting foundation pit profile strata, and calculates the earth pressure result of the foundation pit profile based on the collision analysis results.

[0163] The unfavorable profile search unit compares the earth pressure results of each segment profile, queries out unfavorable foundation pit profiles that meet the conditions according to the constraints, and highlights them in the three-dimensional scene.

[0164] like Figure 12 As shown, a geotechnical engineering application analysis system based on the combination of BIM and GIS includes a model sectioning submodule. This submodule draws key points in a 3D scene, connects them according to a set graphic format, checks the validity of the graphics, performs sectioning analysis on the engineering geological model based on the generated graphics, and presents the analysis results in a pre-defined display format. The model sectioning submodule includes: a key point drawing unit, a key point connection unit, a checking unit, and an analysis and display unit.

[0165] The key point drawing unit: selects key points sequentially on the surface of the engineering geological model layer in the three-dimensional scene, inputs the coordinate values ​​of the key points, reads the coordinate value information of each key point, and performs projection transformation according to the spatial reference information of the current geological model data;

[0166] The key point connection unit connects the key points generated by the key point drawing submodule to form the required graphic according to the set graphic format and key point position order.

[0167] The inspection unit checks whether the graphic is valid based on the graphic format and key point information, and traverses each key point to determine the number of line endpoints, whether the starting and ending points of the polygon are the same, and whether the lines of the "tic-tac-toe" graphic intersect.

[0168] The analysis and display unit: sets the analysis and display mode, performs cross-sectional analysis on the engineering geological model based on the generated graphics, generates analysis results, and presents the analysis results in the set display mode.

[0169] like Figure 13 As shown, a geotechnical engineering application analysis system based on the combination of BIM and GIS is described. The attribute data modeling module: models the attribute fields of the geotechnical investigation and design information model according to modeling parameters; the modeling results are rendered and exported in a 3D scene; the attribute data modeling module includes an attribute data modeling parameter configuration submodule and an attribute data modeling display and export submodule; wherein;

[0170] The attribute data modeling parameter configuration submodule: selects the attribute fields of the geotechnical investigation and design information model layer according to requirements and sets the modeling parameters;

[0171] The attribute data modeling, display, and export submodule performs fitting modeling based on the set modeling parameters, renders and displays the modeling results in a 3D scene, and can be exported as images and vector formats.

[0172] In specific implementation cases, data formats include: MAX, RVT, DGN, OSGB, DEM, DOM, and SHP formats; various geotechnical investigation and design information models include: engineering geological models, hydrogeological models, foundation pit support structure information models, and pile foundation models; texture parameters include: texture height, texture width, texture angle, and texture interval; ruler styles include: ruler line color, ruler line width, ruler scale color, ruler scale width, ruler text color, ruler text size, and ruler text font; annotation styles include: annotation line color, annotation line width, annotation scale color, annotation scale width, annotation text color, annotation text size, and annotation text font; annotation fields are configured according to the attributes of the current layer, with a range of one or more; text between fields is configured according to requirements. Input configuration is provided; animation effects include: gradual separation, direct separation, and pop-up separation; pile settlement parameters include: lateral resistance distribution, pile modulus, soil modulus amplification factor, Poisson's ratio, and depth of analysis below the pile tip; lateral resistance distribution includes triangular distribution, rectangular distribution, and concentrated distribution; soil modulus amplification factor includes 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0; the number of excavated soil models is set to between 1 and 99; graphic formats include: straight lines, polygons, circles, and grids; analysis display methods include: profile display and section display; modeling parameters include: interpolation method, minimum value, maximum value, spacing, interpolation coefficient, display settings, and gradient color; interpolation methods include: ordinary kriging, fast kriging, inverse distance weighted method, and inverse distance and weighted method; display settings include: contour display and contour surface display.

[0173] The following is a specific implementation case to illustrate in detail the application and analysis process of geotechnical engineering BIM data by this system. In this specific embodiment, we take the 3D building model data, engineering geological model data, and pile foundation model data of a certain region as an example.

[0174] System users utilize the data integration module to integrate and display various types of heterogeneous data from multiple sources. This includes BIM lightweighting of various geotechnical engineering investigation and design information models, editing and inputting attribute data, and applying textures to the models. The multi-source heterogeneous data visualization integration submodule of the data integration module integrates and displays geotechnical engineering investigation and design information model data from multiple sources, disciplines, and data formats, including above-ground 3D reality data, oblique photogrammetry data, underground 3D pipeline data, orthophoto data, and 2D vector data. The BIM lightweighting submodule of the data integration module performs BIM lightweighting on various geotechnical investigation and design information models, instantiates the BIM models, optimizes the model triangulation, and obtains a lightweight BIM model in a standard spatial database format. The attribute data editing submodule of the data integration module edits the attribute fields of the geotechnical investigation and design information model layer and performs batch entry of attribute information; the field editing unit of the attribute data editing submodule edits and manages the attribute fields of the geotechnical investigation and design information model layer; the attribute entry unit of the attribute data editing submodule performs batch entry of attribute information of the geotechnical investigation and design information model layer; the model texture processing submodule of the data integration module performs texture processing on the geotechnical investigation and design information model, selects the model layers that need to be textured, classifies the model elements in the model layers according to the configured attribute fields, sets the image path for each type of model element according to the classification, sets the texture parameters, and then processes them to obtain a complete geotechnical investigation and design information model with textures.

[0175] System users utilize the model refinement rendering module to refine the engineering geological model. The scale annotation submodule of the model refinement rendering module performs scale analysis and annotation analysis on the engineering geological model based on the scale and annotation configuration information set by the system administrator. The scale configuration unit of the scale annotation submodule configures the scale style. The stratigraphic scale unit of the scale annotation submodule selects a point at a specified location in the engineering geological model in the 3D scene as the starting point, sets the scale height, calculates the ending point, and analyzes and renders the vertical height of each stratum between the starting point and the ending point in the 3D scene based on the configuration information of the scale configuration unit. The annotation configuration unit of the scale annotation submodule configures the annotation style and annotation fields. The stratigraphic annotation unit of the scale annotation submodule selects a point at a specified location in the engineering geological model in the 3D scene as the starting point, sets the scale height, and then... The endpoint is calculated, and the attribute information of each stratum between the starting point and the endpoint is analyzed and rendered in the 3D scene based on the configuration information of the annotation configuration unit. The fine display submodule of the model fine presentation module analyzes and displays the engineering geological model according to the fine display effect configuration information set by the system user. The display configuration unit of the fine display submodule selects between hierarchical separation and hidden layer removal configuration for the engineering geological model fineness in the 3D scene. When hierarchical separation is selected, the stratum spacing is set and the animation effect is selected, including progressive separation, direct separation, and pop-up separation. When hidden layer removal is selected, the stratum model that needs to be hidden is operated. The result display unit of the fine display submodule displays the engineering geological model finely according to the configuration items set in the display configuration unit.

[0176] The system users utilize the evaluation and analysis module to evaluate and analyze the pile foundation model in a 3D scene based on the spatial location and attribute information of the pile foundation model layer and the engineering geological model layer. This includes quantitatively calculating the bearing capacity and settlement deformation of the pile foundation model; performing excavation analysis on the engineering geological model layer; creating a construction schedule model; and simulating the construction progress with animation based on the construction sequence. The system also divides the foundation pit boundary into several segments, calculates the earth pressure value of the foundation pit profile corresponding to each segment, and identifies unfavorable foundation pit profiles based on defined conditions. Furthermore, the system draws key points in the 3D scene, connects them according to the set graphic format, checks the graphic validity, and performs cross-sectional analysis on the engineering geological model based on the generated graphics. The analysis results are presented in the set display format.

[0177] The pile foundation evaluation and analysis submodule of the evaluation and analysis module performs virtual pile placement on the engineering geological model layer in the 3D scene based on pile foundation parameters and pile placement points; it performs collision analysis, bearing capacity analysis, and settlement deformation analysis on the engineering geological model layer and pile foundation model layer in the 3D scene, saves the analysis results to the database for management, performs collision analysis on existing pile foundation model layers, and generates a pile foundation model data optimization report according to specified rules; the virtual pile placement unit of the pile foundation evaluation and analysis submodule performs virtual pile placement on the engineering geological model layer in the 3D scene based on pile foundation parameters and pile placement points; the click-to-place-piles submodule of the virtual pile placement unit performs click-to-place-piles on the engineering geological model layer in the 3D scene. The process involves setting pile foundation parameters, including pile diameter, pile length, pile type, and pile top elevation. After selecting pile placement locations in the 3D scene, the system automatically renders and generates a pile foundation model, which is then saved to the database. The virtual pile placement unit uses a regular pile placement sub-unit to perform regular virtual pile placement on the engineering geological model layer in the 3D scene. Pile foundation parameters are set, including pile diameter, pile length, pile type, and pile top elevation. Pile arrangement parameters are set according to specified rules, including row spacing, column spacing, number of rows, number of columns, and rotation angle. After drawing the pile placement area in the 3D scene, a point preview is performed. Virtual pile placement is then performed based on the preview points rendered in the 3D scene, and the process is automatically rendered. The pile foundation model is generated and saved to the database. The pile-soil collision analysis unit of the pile foundation evaluation and analysis submodule selects the pre-analyzed pile foundation model layer and engineering geological model layer. It performs collision analysis on each pile foundation model in the selected pile foundation model layer and the intersecting stratum models in the engineering geological model layer. Each pile foundation model is assigned a unique value number, which corresponds to the descriptive data of each intersecting stratum model. The analysis results are saved in the database, and the output results can be in one or more formats, including text, image, numerical, and chart formats. The pile foundation bearing capacity analysis unit of the pile foundation evaluation and analysis submodule selects the analysis results from the pile-soil collision analysis unit and... The calculation obtains the bearing capacity results of each pile foundation model in the pile foundation model layer, and saves the bearing capacity results of each pile foundation model to the database. The bearing capacity results of each pile foundation model are then labeled onto the pile foundation model in the 3D scene. The pile foundation settlement deformation analysis unit of the pile foundation evaluation and analysis submodule selects the analysis results of the pile-soil collision analysis unit, the pile foundation model layer, and the engineering geological model layer, and configures the pile foundation settlement parameters. When a specific configuration is selected during the configuration process, the corresponding parameters are input for that configuration. When it is determined that a single pile load is to be set, the total load parameters need to be configured. The settlement deformation results of each pile foundation model in the pile foundation model layer are obtained through calculation, and the final calculated settlement of the pile foundation is obtained.The pile data optimization unit of the pile foundation evaluation and analysis submodule performs collision analysis on the designed pile foundation model based on the engineering geological model layer to obtain the single pile bearing capacity of each pile foundation. It filters according to specified rules and displays the results in a differentiated manner in the 3D scene. Combining multiple factors such as pile foundation load, pile foundation bearing capacity, and pile foundation deformation, it generates a pile foundation data optimization report and exports it. The pile foundation engineering management unit of the pile foundation evaluation and analysis submodule can create, modify, and delete pile foundation engineering information, and retrieve, view, and export the analysis results of the pile-soil collision analysis unit, the pile foundation bearing capacity analysis unit, the pile foundation settlement deformation analysis unit, and the pile data optimization unit.

[0178] The foundation pit excavation submodule of the evaluation and analysis module performs foundation pit excavation analysis on the engineering geological model layer in a 3D scene based on a specified excavation volume model. By setting relevant parameters, it creates a construction schedule model and simulates the construction progress with animation based on the construction sequence. The excavation unit of the foundation pit excavation submodule performs excavation analysis on the engineering geological model layer based on a specified excavation volume model. The excavation results include the excavation geological model and the foundation pit geological model. The drawing range excavation submodule draws the excavation range on the surface of the engineering geological model in the 3D scene and sets the excavation depth. Based on the volume model formed by the excavation range and depth, it performs excavation analysis on the engineering geological model to generate excavation results. The foundation pit excavation sub-unit selects the soil excavation model layer and the engineering geological model layer, and performs excavation analysis at the intersection of the soil excavation model layer and the engineering geological model layer to form the excavation results. The foundation pit excavation sub-module's schedule simulation unit sets up one or more excavation models in the 3D scene and performs batch excavation analysis according to the excavation sequence to form a schedule model. Based on the schedule model results, construction sequence, and relevant parameters set by the user, the project construction progress is animated and displayed. The schedule model creation sub-unit of the schedule simulation unit draws one or more excavation areas on the surface of the engineering geological model in the 3D scene, assigns a unique number to each excavation area, and classifies them according to the number. The excavation depth and sequence are not set separately. Based on the volume model formed by the excavation depth and range, the engineering geological model is excavated and analyzed according to the excavation sequence to generate corresponding excavation results. The number of excavated soil models is set according to requirements, and each model is assigned a unique number. The excavation sequence is set based on the number, and the engineering geological model is excavated and analyzed according to the excavation sequence to generate corresponding excavation results. The schedule simulation unit's schedule animation display sub-unit displays the excavation results generated by the schedule model creation unit in an animated manner according to the excavation sequence, with parameter settings including: interval time, hidden surface removal method, hidden surface removal time, and whether to loop playback. The unfavorable profile analysis sub-module of the foundation pit excavation module... The module divides the foundation pit boundary into several segments according to the settings, calculates the earth pressure value of the foundation pit profile corresponding to each segment, queries the unfavorable foundation pit profiles that meet the conditions according to the constraints, and highlights them in the 3D scene; the foundation pit boundary segmentation configuration unit of the unfavorable profile analysis submodule virtually divides the foundation pit boundary into several segments on the surface of the engineering geological model in the 3D scene according to the perimeter of the foundation pit boundary and the segment length, and generates virtual foundation pit structural columns according to the midpoint of each segment boundary and the foundation pit height; the foundation pit profile earth pressure calculation unit of the unfavorable profile analysis submodule performs collision analysis between the foundation pit structural columns and the intersecting foundation pit profile strata, and calculates the earth pressure result of the foundation pit profile based on the collision analysis results;The unfavorable profile analysis submodule's unfavorable profile search unit compares the earth pressure results of each segment profile, queries out the unfavorable foundation pit profiles that meet the conditions according to the constraints, and highlights them in the 3D scene.

[0179] The model sectioning submodule of the evaluation and analysis module allows users to draw key points in a 3D scene, connect them according to a set graphic format, check the validity of the graphics, and perform sectioning analysis on the engineering geological model based on the generated graphics. The analysis results are presented in the set display format. The key point drawing unit of the model sectioning submodule allows users to sequentially select key points on the surface of the engineering geological model layer in the 3D scene, input the coordinate values ​​of the key points, read the coordinate information of each key point, and perform projection transformation based on the spatial reference information of the current geological model data. The key point connection unit of the model sectioning submodule, according to… The key points generated by the key point drawing submodule are connected to form the required graphic according to the set graphic format and key point position order; the checking unit of the model sectioning submodule checks whether the graphic is valid according to the graphic format and key point information, traverses each key point to determine the number of line endpoints, whether the starting and ending points of the polygon are the same, and whether the lines of the "grid" graphic intersect; the analysis and display unit of the model sectioning submodule sets the analysis and display mode, performs sectioning analysis on the engineering geological model according to the generated graphic, generates analysis results, and the analysis results are presented in the set display mode, including profile display and section display;

[0180] System users utilize the attribute data modeling module to set modeling parameters, model the attribute fields of the geotechnical investigation and design information model, and render and export the modeling results in a 3D scene. The attribute data modeling parameter configuration submodule of the attribute data modeling module selects the attribute fields of the geotechnical investigation and design information model layer according to requirements and sets modeling parameters, including: interpolation method, minimum value, maximum value, spacing, interpolation coefficient, display settings, and gradient color. Interpolation methods include: ordinary kriging, fast kriging, inverse distance weighted method, and inverse distance weighted method. Display settings include: contour line display and contour surface display. The attribute data modeling display and export submodule of the attribute data modeling module performs fitting modeling based on the set modeling parameters, and the modeling results are rendered and displayed in a 3D scene and can be exported as images and vector formats.

[0181] The foregoing system description and structural diagrams are provided merely as exemplary examples and are not intended to require or imply that the steps of the above operations or aspects must be performed in the given order. As those skilled in the art will understand, the boxes in the foregoing aspects can be performed in any order. Words such as “then,” “following,” “next,” etc., are not intended to limit the order of operations or steps; these words are only used to guide the reader through the description of the method. Furthermore, any singular reference to a claim element, for example, the use of the articles “a,” “an,” or “the,” is not to be construed as limiting that element to the singular.

[0182] The various illustrative logic blocks, modules, circuits, and algorithm steps described in conjunction with the aspects disclosed herein can be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination thereof. To clearly illustrate the interchangeability between hardware and software, the various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps have been generally described above in relation to their functionality. Whether this functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends on the specific application and the design constraints imposed on the overall system. Those skilled in the art can implement the described functionality in alternative ways for each specific application; however, such implementation decisions should not be construed as causing a departure from the scope of protection of this invention.

[0183] The system implementation in this invention is based on "BIM+GIS" integration technology, aiming at the visualization integration, quantitative analysis, and collaborative application of multi-source heterogeneous data. It forms an application system that integrates three-dimensional visualization of multi-source data from above-ground, surface, and underground geotechnical engineering, quantitative analysis and evaluation of geotechnical engineering, and cross-stage collaborative application across multiple disciplines in surveying and design. This system is beneficial for improving the digitalization level of technical consultation for surveying and design enterprises in the field of multi-disciplinary integrated geotechnical engineering. By lightweight processing and integrating multi-source, multi-disciplinary, and multi-type geotechnical engineering BIM data and geographic information data, a lightweight BIM model in a standard spatial database format is obtained. This model is then linked with corresponding attribute information to obtain complete lightweight BIM models for each discipline. Visual integration of multi-source heterogeneous data provides a data foundation for quantitative analysis and collaborative application in geotechnical engineering. Based on a lightweight engineering geological model, a virtual pile foundation model is generated through a virtual pile layout module. Collision analysis is performed between the pile foundation model and the engineering geological model to obtain relevant collision and attribute information. This information is then used to analyze the pile foundation bearing capacity and settlement deformation, yielding quantitative analysis and evaluation results. The generated quantitative analysis data is stored and visualized, providing geotechnical investigation and design personnel with precise quantitative data support, thus improving the scientific rigor, relevance, and rationality of the investigation and design schemes. Furthermore, based on the lightweight engineering geological model, existing pile foundation and foundation pit models designed by the design unit are imported for corresponding collision checks and quantitative analysis. The pile data optimization module further verifies the reliability of the design results, generating optimization suggestions. The unfavorable profile analysis submodule analyzes the earth pressure values ​​of the vertical profile of the foundation pit geological model, identifying unfavorable profiles. This facilitates cross-stage collaboration between investigation and design, reduces potential engineering risks, and improves the reliability of engineering investigation and design results. Based on the quantitative analysis results of geotechnical engineering and the spatial distribution of the model, multiple fitting methods are used to model the results. The modeling results are rendered and displayed in a three-dimensional scene in the form of contour lines and contour surfaces, which helps to improve the visualization level of the quantitative analysis results of geotechnical engineering and provides intuitive reference for geotechnical investigation and design personnel.

[0184] Definitions:

[0185] MAX: Autodesk 3ds Max file format, Autodesk 3ds Max is a commonly used 3D modeling software; RVT: Autodesk Revit file format, Autodesk Revit is a commonly used building information modeling software; DGN: A 2D / 3D design format for Bentley MicroStation, Bentley MicroStation is a mainstream professional 3D modeling software; OSGB: Abbreviation for Open Scene Graph Binary, meaning open scene graph binary; DEM: Abbreviation for Digital Elevation Model, meaning digital elevation model.

[0186] DOM: Abbreviation for Digital Orthophoto Map; SHP: Abbreviation for Shapefile;

[0187] The foregoing description of the disclosed aspects is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these aspects will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can also be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not intended to be limited to the aspects given herein, but rather to conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A geotechnical engineering application analysis system based on the combination of BIM and GIS, characterized in that... The system comprises a data integration module, a model refinement and presentation module, an evaluation and analysis module, and an attribute data modeling module. These modules are interconnected. Specifically: the data integration module integrates and displays various heterogeneous data from multiple sources; performs BIM lightweight processing on various geotechnical engineering investigation and design information models; edits and inputs attribute data; and performs texture processing on the models. The model refinement and presentation module performs scale analysis and annotation analysis on the engineering geological model based on the scale and annotation configuration, and renders the analysis results in the 3D scene; it also analyzes and refines the engineering geological model in the 3D scene according to the refined display effect configuration. The evaluation and analysis module evaluates the pile foundation model in the 3D scene based on the spatial position and attribute information of the pile foundation model layer and the engineering geological model layer. The system performs evaluation and analysis on the pile foundation model, quantitatively calculating the bearing capacity and settlement deformation; it conducts excavation analysis on the engineering geological model layer, creates a construction schedule model, and simulates the construction progress with animation based on the construction sequence; it divides the foundation pit boundary into several segments, calculates the earth pressure value of the foundation pit profile corresponding to each segment, and identifies unfavorable foundation pit profiles based on constraints; it draws key points in the 3D scene, connects them according to the set graphic format, checks the graphic validity, performs section analysis on the engineering geological model based on the generated graphics, and presents the analysis results in the set display format; the attribute data modeling module models the attribute fields of the geotechnical investigation and design information model according to the modeling parameters, and renders and exports the modeling results in the 3D scene. The model refinement presentation module includes: a ruler annotation submodule and a refinement display submodule; wherein: The scale annotation submodule configures the scale annotation rendering style and annotation fields; performs scale annotation analysis on the engineering geological model, and renders and displays the analysis results in the 3D scene; the scale annotation analysis results can be converted into a specified format; the refined display submodule configures the refined display effect of the engineering geological model in the 3D scene, and analyzes and displays the engineering geological model in the 3D scene according to the configuration items; The scale annotation submodule includes: a scale configuration unit, a stratigraphic scale unit, an annotation configuration unit, and a stratigraphic annotation unit; wherein: The scale configuration unit configures the scale style for analysis and rendering in the 3D scene of the stratigraphic scale unit. The stratigraphic scale unit, by selecting a point at a specified location on the engineering geological model in the 3D scene as the starting point, setting the scale height, and calculating the ending point, analyzes and renders the vertical height of each stratum between the starting point and the ending point in the 3D scene. The annotation configuration unit configures the annotation style and annotation fields for analysis and rendering in the 3D scene of the stratigraphic annotation unit. The stratigraphic annotation unit, by selecting a point at a specified location on the engineering geological model in the 3D scene as the starting point, setting the scale height, and calculating the ending point, analyzes and renders the currently configured attribute information of each stratum between the starting point and the ending point in the 3D scene.

2. The geotechnical engineering application analysis system based on the combination of BIM and GIS according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data integration module includes a multi-source heterogeneous data visualization integration submodule, a BIM lightweighting submodule, an attribute data editing submodule, and a model texture processing submodule; among which... The multi-source heterogeneous data visualization integration submodule, based on 3D GIS technology, integrates and displays geotechnical engineering investigation and design information model data, above-ground 3D real-scene data, oblique photogrammetry data, underground 3D pipeline data, orthophoto data, and 2D vector data from various sources, disciplines, and data formats. The BIM lightweighting submodule performs BIM lightweighting processing on various geotechnical investigation and design information models, instantiates BIM models, optimizes model triangulation, and obtains a lightweight BIM model in a spatial database standard format. The attribute data editing submodule edits the attribute fields of geotechnical investigation and design information model layers and performs batch entry of attribute information. The model texture processing submodule performs texture processing on the geotechnical investigation and design information model, selects model layers requiring textures, classifies model elements in the model layers according to configured attribute fields, sets image paths for each type of model element based on the classification, sets texture parameters, and then processes the data to obtain a complete geotechnical investigation and design information model with textures.

3. The geotechnical engineering application analysis system based on the combination of BIM and GIS according to claim 2, characterized in that: The attribute data editing submodule edits the attribute fields of the geotechnical investigation and design information model layer and performs batch entry of attribute information; The attribute data editing submodule includes: a field editing unit and an attribute entry unit; wherein: The field editing unit manages the attribute fields of the geotechnical investigation and design information model layer; the attribute entry unit performs batch entry of attribute information of the geotechnical investigation and design information model layer.

4. The geotechnical engineering application analysis system based on the combination of BIM and GIS according to claim 1, characterized in that: The refined display submodule configures the refined display effect of the engineering geological model in the 3D scene, and analyzes and displays the engineering geological model in the 3D scene according to the configuration items; The refined display sub-module includes: a display configuration unit and a results display unit; The display configuration unit allows for selection of layer separation and hidden layer removal configurations for refining the engineering geological model in the 3D scene. When layer separation is selected, the stratigraphic spacing is set and animation effects are selected. When hidden layer removal is selected, the stratigraphic models that need to be hidden are operated on. The result display unit displays the refined engineering geological model in the 3D scene according to the configuration items set in the display configuration unit.

5. The geotechnical engineering application analysis system based on the combination of BIM and GIS according to claim 1, characterized in that: The evaluation and analysis module evaluates and analyzes the pile foundation model in a 3D scene based on the spatial location and attribute information of the pile foundation model layer and the engineering geological model layer. It quantitatively calculates the bearing capacity and settlement deformation of the pile foundation model; performs excavation analysis on the engineering geological model layer; creates a construction schedule model; and simulates the construction progress with animation based on the construction sequence. It divides the foundation pit boundary into several segments, calculates the earth pressure value of the foundation pit profile corresponding to each segment, and identifies unfavorable foundation pit profiles based on defined conditions. It draws key points in the 3D scene, connects them according to a set graphic format, checks the graphic validity, and performs section analysis on the engineering geological model based on the generated graphics. The analysis results are presented in a predefined display format. The evaluation and analysis module includes: a pile foundation evaluation and analysis submodule, a foundation pit excavation submodule, an unfavorable section analysis submodule, and a model sectioning submodule. The pile foundation evaluation and analysis submodule performs virtual pile placement on the engineering geological model layer in the 3D scene based on pile foundation parameters and pile location; performs collision analysis, bearing capacity analysis, and settlement deformation analysis on the engineering geological model layer and pile foundation model layer in the 3D scene, saves the analysis results to the database and manages them, performs collision analysis on the existing pile foundation model layer and generates a pile foundation model data optimization report according to specified rules; The foundation pit excavation submodule performs foundation pit excavation analysis on the engineering geological model layer in a 3D scene based on the specified excavation body model; it also creates a construction schedule model by setting relevant parameters and simulates the construction progress of the project in animation by combining the construction sequence. The unfavorable profile analysis submodule: Divides the foundation pit boundary into several segments according to the settings, calculates the soil pressure value of the foundation pit profile corresponding to each segment of the foundation pit boundary, queries out the unfavorable foundation pit profiles that meet the conditions according to the limiting conditions, and highlights them in the three-dimensional scene. The model sectioning submodule: draws key points in the 3D scene, connects them according to the set graphic format and checks the legality of the graphics, performs sectioning analysis on the engineering geological model based on the generated graphics, and presents the analysis results in the set display mode.

6. The geotechnical engineering application analysis system based on the combination of BIM and GIS according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pile foundation evaluation and analysis submodule performs virtual pile placement on the engineering geological model layer in the three-dimensional scene based on the pile foundation parameters and pile placement points; Collision analysis, bearing capacity analysis, and settlement deformation analysis are performed on the engineering geological model layer and pile foundation model layer in the 3D scene. The analysis results are saved to the database and managed. Collision analysis is performed on the existing pile foundation model layer and a pile foundation model data optimization report is generated according to the specified rules. The pile foundation evaluation and analysis submodule includes: virtual pile layout unit, pile-soil collision analysis unit, pile foundation bearing capacity analysis unit, pile foundation settlement and deformation analysis unit, pile data optimization unit, and pile foundation engineering management unit; The virtual pile placement unit: performs virtual pile placement on the engineering geological model layer in the 3D scene according to the pile foundation parameters and pile placement points; including: click pile placement unit and regular pile placement unit; The pile-soil collision analysis unit selects the pre-analyzed pile foundation model layer and the engineering geological model layer, performs collision analysis on each pile foundation model in the selected pile foundation model layer and the intersecting stratum models in the engineering geological model layer, assigns a unique value number to each pile foundation model and the number corresponds to the description data of each intersecting stratum model, saves the analysis results in the database, and outputs the analysis results in one or more of the following formats: text format, image format, and numerical format. The pile foundation bearing capacity analysis unit selects the analysis results from the pile-soil collision analysis unit and obtains the bearing capacity results of each pile foundation model in the pile foundation model layer through calculation. The calculation formula is as follows: ； In the formula: —Pile side Standard value of ultimate lateral resistance of soil layer; —Standard value of extreme end resistance; —Cross-sectional area at the bottom of the pile; —Pile circumference; —The thickness of the i-th soil layer through which the pile penetrates; Save the bearing capacity results of each pile foundation model to the database for data transfer; annotate the bearing capacity results of each pile foundation model onto the pile foundation model in the 3D scene. The pile foundation settlement deformation analysis unit selects the analysis results of the pile-soil collision analysis unit, the pile foundation model layer, and the engineering geological model layer, and configures the pile foundation settlement parameters. During the configuration process, when a specific configuration is selected, the corresponding parameters are input. The settlement deformation results of each pile foundation model in the pile foundation model layer are obtained through calculation, resulting in the final calculated settlement of the pile foundation. The calculation formula is as follows: First, calculate the stress generated by the side friction of the k-th pile at depth z: ； In the formula: —The stress generated by the side friction of the k-th pile at depth z, kPa; , , — Stress influence coefficient; Q—The additional load (kN) of a single pile under axial vertical force in the quasi-permanent combination of forces, which is borne by the pile end resistance Qp and the pile side friction Qs, and Qp=αQ, where α is the pile end resistance ratio; the pile end resistance is assumed to be a concentrated force, and the pile side friction is assumed to be composed of two forms: uniform distribution along the pile body and linear growth distribution along the pile body, with values ​​of βQ and (1-α-β)Q, respectively. For friction piles, β=0 is taken. Next, calculate the stress generated by the end resistance of the k-th pile at depth z: ； In the formula: —The stress generated at depth z by the end resistance of the k-th pile, in kPa; l —Pile length, m ; I p,k —Stress influence coefficient; Based on the stress generated by the side friction and end resistance of the piles, the additional stress generated by each pile is superimposed one by one to calculate the vertical additional stress value at a certain point in the foundation: ； The final settlement was calculated using the uniaxial compression layered summation method. ； In the formula: S —The final settlement calculation for the pile foundation. mm ; m —The total number of soil layers within the compressible layer range below the pile tip plane; E sj，i —Pile tip plane below the first j layer of soil i The compressive modulus of each layer in the range from self-weight stress to self-weight stress plus additional stress. MPa ; n j —The number of soil layers to be calculated below the j-th layer of the pile tip plane; Δ h j，i —Pile tip plane below the first j The first layer of soil i Each layer thickness, m ; —Pile tip plane below the first j layer of earth i Vertical additional stress in each layer, kPa ; Ψ p —Empirical coefficients for calculating pile foundation settlement; Pile Data Optimization Unit: Based on the engineering geological model layer, collision analysis is performed on the designed pile foundation model to obtain the single pile bearing capacity of each pile foundation. The piles are then filtered according to specified rules and displayed in a differentiated manner in the 3D scene. Combining multiple factors such as pile foundation load, pile foundation bearing capacity, and pile foundation deformation, a pile foundation data optimization report is generated and exported. The pile foundation engineering management unit can create and delete pile foundation engineering information; and retrieve, view, and export the analysis results of the pile-soil collision analysis unit, the pile bearing capacity analysis unit, the pile settlement deformation analysis unit, and the pile data optimization unit.

7. A geotechnical engineering application analysis system based on the combination of BIM and GIS as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The virtual pile placement unit: performs virtual pile placement on the engineering geological model layer in the 3D scene according to the pile foundation parameters and pile placement points; the virtual pile placement unit includes: click-to-place pile sub-unit and regular pile placement unit; The click-to-place pile sub-unit involves clicking on the engineering geological model layer in the 3D scene to virtually place piles, setting pile foundation parameters, including pile diameter, pile length, pile type, and pile top elevation. After selecting the pile placement position in the 3D scene, the pile foundation model is automatically rendered and saved to the database. The rule-based pile layout sub-unit: Performs rule-based virtual pile layout on the engineering geological model layer in the 3D scene, sets pile foundation parameters including pile diameter, pile length, pile type, and pile top elevation, and sets pile arrangement parameters according to specified rules, including row spacing, column spacing, number of rows, number of columns, and rotation angle; after drawing the pile layout range in the 3D scene, performs point preview, performs virtual pile layout based on the preview points rendered in the 3D scene, automatically renders and generates a pile foundation model, and saves it to the database.

8. A geotechnical engineering application analysis system based on the combination of BIM and GIS according to claim 5, characterized in that: The foundation pit excavation submodule performs foundation pit excavation analysis on the engineering geological model layer in a 3D scene based on the specified excavation body model; it also creates a construction schedule model by setting relevant parameters and simulates the construction progress of the project in animation by combining the construction sequence. The foundation pit excavation submodule includes: an excavation unit and a construction schedule simulation unit; The excavation unit involves performing excavation analysis on the engineering geological model layer based on a specified excavation body model to obtain an excavation geological model and a foundation pit geological model. The excavation unit includes a drawing range excavation sub-unit and a foundation pit model excavation sub-unit. The drawing range excavation sub-unit draws the excavation range on the surface of the engineering geological model in a 3D scene, sets the excavation depth, and performs excavation analysis on the engineering geological model based on the volume model formed by the excavation range and depth to generate excavation results. These results include the excavation geological model and the foundation pit geological model. The excavation sub-unit of the foundation pit model: select the soil model layer to be excavated and the engineering geological model layer, perform excavation analysis at the intersection of the soil model layer to be excavated and the engineering geological model layer to form the excavation results; the excavation results include the excavation geological model and the foundation pit geological model; The construction schedule simulation unit: In a 3D scene, by setting up one or more excavation body models, batch excavation analysis is performed according to the excavation sequence to form a construction schedule model; Based on the results of the construction schedule model, the construction sequence, and relevant parameters, the construction progress is animated and displayed; The construction schedule simulation unit includes: a construction schedule model creation subunit and a construction schedule animation display subunit. The construction schedule model creation subunit involves: drawing one or more excavation areas on the surface of the engineering geological model in a 3D scene, assigning each excavation area a unique number, setting its excavation depth and excavation sequence according to the number, performing excavation analysis on the engineering geological model based on the volume model formed by the excavation depth and excavation area according to the excavation sequence, and generating corresponding excavation results; setting the number of excavated soil models according to requirements, assigning each excavated soil model a unique number, setting the excavation sequence according to the number, and performing excavation analysis on the engineering geological model according to the excavation sequence, thereby generating corresponding excavation results; The construction schedule animation display sub-unit: The excavation results generated by the sub-unit based on the construction schedule model are animated and displayed in the order of excavation through parameter settings; the parameter settings include: interval time, hidden surface removal method, hidden surface removal time, and whether to loop playback.

9. A geotechnical engineering application analysis system based on the combination of BIM and GIS according to claim 5, characterized in that: The unfavorable profile analysis submodule: Divides the foundation pit boundary into several segments according to settings, calculates the earth pressure value of the foundation pit profile corresponding to each segment, queries for unfavorable foundation pit profiles that meet the conditions based on constraints, and highlights them in the 3D scene; the unfavorable profile analysis submodule includes: a foundation pit boundary segmentation configuration unit, a foundation pit profile earth pressure calculation unit, and an unfavorable profile search unit; wherein: The foundation pit boundary segment configuration unit: On the surface of the engineering geological model in the three-dimensional scene, the foundation pit boundary is virtually divided into several segments according to the perimeter of the foundation pit boundary and the segment length, and a virtual foundation pit structural column is generated according to the midpoint of each segment boundary and the foundation pit height. The earth pressure calculation unit for the foundation pit profile: performs collision analysis between the foundation pit structural column and the intersecting foundation pit profile strata, and calculates the earth pressure result of the foundation pit profile based on the collision analysis results. The unfavorable profile search unit compares the earth pressure results of each segment profile, queries out unfavorable foundation pit profiles that meet the conditions according to the constraints, and highlights them in the three-dimensional scene.

10. A geotechnical engineering application analysis system based on the combination of BIM and GIS according to claim 5, characterized in that: The model sectioning submodule: draws key points in the 3D scene, connects them according to the set graphic format, checks the validity of the graphics, performs sectioning analysis on the engineering geological model based on the generated graphics, and presents the analysis results in the set display format; the model sectioning submodule includes: a key point drawing unit, a key point connection unit, a checking unit, and an analysis and display unit; wherein; The key point drawing unit: selects key points sequentially on the surface of the engineering geological model layer in the three-dimensional scene, inputs the coordinate values ​​of the key points, reads the coordinate value information of each key point, and performs projection transformation according to the spatial reference information of the current geological model data; The key point connection unit connects the key points generated by the key point drawing unit to form the required graphic according to the set graphic format and key point position order. The inspection unit checks whether the graphic is valid based on the graphic format and key point information, and traverses each key point to determine the number of line endpoints, whether the starting and ending points of the polygon are the same, and whether the lines of the "tic-tac-toe" graphic intersect. The analysis and display unit: sets the analysis and display mode, performs cross-sectional analysis on the engineering geological model based on the generated graphics, generates analysis results, and presents the analysis results in the set display mode.

11. A geotechnical engineering application analysis system based on the combination of BIM and GIS according to claim 1, characterized in that: The attribute data modeling module: Based on the modeling parameters, it models the attribute fields of the geotechnical investigation and design information model, and the modeling results are rendered and displayed in a three-dimensional scene and exported. The attribute data modeling module includes an attribute data modeling parameter configuration submodule and an attribute data modeling display and export submodule; in; The attribute data modeling parameter configuration submodule: selects the attribute fields of the geotechnical investigation and design information model layer according to the requirements and sets the modeling parameters; The attribute data modeling, display, and export submodule performs fitting modeling based on the set modeling parameters, renders and displays the modeling results in a 3D scene, and exports them as image format.

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