Beam Training in Large Bandwidth Millimeter-Wave Systems

Abstract

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. A user equipment (UE) may be configured with a set of beamforming weights, each beamforming weight corresponding to a transmit beam in a set of transmit beams, wherein each transmit beam may include the same main lobe and one or more different side lobes. The UE may then perform a beam training process to determine which transmit beams cause more or less interference at one or more nearby UEs. The UE may transmit signals using one or more transmit beams, and nearby UEs may determine which transmit beams and corresponding beamforming weights cause more or less interference. The nearby UEs may then indicate, via different options, those transmit beams or beamforming weights that cause more or less interference.

Description

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This patent application claims priority to U.S. patent application No. 17 / 344,266, filed by RAGHAVAN et al. on June 10, 2021, entitled “BEAM TRAINING IN LARGE BANDWIDTH MILLIMETER WAVE SYSTEMS,” which claims priority to U.S. provisional patent application No. 63 / 042,358, filed by RAGHAVAN et al. on June 22, 2020, entitled “BEAM TRAINING INLARGE BANDWIDTH MILLIMETER WAVE SYSTEMS,” which has been assigned to the assignee of this application. Technical Field

[0003] The following relates generally to wireless communications, and more particularly to beam training in large bandwidth millimeter wave (mmW) systems. Background Art

[0004] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various types of communication content, such as voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, etc. These systems can support communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., time, frequency, and power). Examples of such multiple access systems include fourth generation (4G) systems such as long term evolution (LTE) systems, advanced LTE (LTE-A) systems, or LTE-A Pro systems, and fifth generation (5G) systems that may be referred to as new radio (NR) systems. These systems may employ techniques such as code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA), or discrete Fourier transform spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-S-OFDM).

[0005] A wireless multiple access communication system may include one or more base stations or one or more network access nodes, each base station or network access node simultaneously supporting communication for multiple communication devices, which may be further referred to as user equipment (UE). In some wireless communication systems (e.g., higher frequency ranges, such as frequency range 2 (FR2), frequency range 3 (FR3), frequency range 4 (FR4), or frequencies above 7.125 gigahertz (GHz)), larger antenna arrays may be used to beamform transmissions between UEs and base stations. In some cases, these larger antenna arrays may result in larger side lobes for beamformed transmissions, which may adversely increase interference at other devices such as UEs. Summary of the invention

[0006] The systems, methods and devices of the present disclosure each have several innovative aspects, no single one of which is solely responsible for the desirable attributes disclosed herein.

[0007] An innovative aspect of the subject matter described in the present disclosure can be implemented in a method for wireless communication at a first UE. The method includes: determining a set of beamforming weights for uplink communication, each set in the set of beamforming weights corresponding to a corresponding transmit beam in a set of transmit beams, each transmit beam in the set of transmit beams having the same main lobe signal strength attribute as each other transmit beam in the set of transmit beams, and each transmit beam in the set of transmit beams also having one or more side lobe signal strength attributes different from one or more side lobe signal strength attributes of each other transmit beam in the set of transmit beams; transmitting a set of signals, each signal in the set of signals being transmitted on a corresponding transmit beam in the set of transmit beams, after transmitting the set of signals based on at least a first transmit beam in the set of transmit beams corresponding to a first set of beamforming weights in the set of beamforming weights causing interference at a second UE, receiving an indication of a subset in the set of beamforming weights, and transmitting a second signal using a second set of beamforming weights in the set of beamforming weights based on the indication, the set of beamforming weights including the second set of beamforming weights.

[0008] Another innovative aspect of the subject matter described in this disclosure can be implemented in an apparatus for wireless communication at a first UE. The apparatus may include a processor, a memory coupled to the processor, and instructions stored in the memory. The instruction can be executed by a processor to cause the device to: determine a set of beamforming weights for uplink communication, each set in the set of beamforming weights corresponding to a corresponding transmit beam in a set of transmit beams, each transmit beam in the set of transmit beams having a main lobe signal strength attribute that is the same as each other transmit beam in the set of transmit beams, and each transmit beam in the set of transmit beams also having one or more side lobe signal strength attributes that are different from one or more side lobe signal strength attributes of each other transmit beam in the set of transmit beams; send a set of signals, each signal in the set of signals being sent on a corresponding transmit beam in the set of transmit beams, after sending the set of signals based on at least a first transmit beam in the set of transmit beams corresponding to a first set of beamforming weights in the set of beamforming weights that causes interference at a second UE, receive an indication of a subset in the set of beamforming weights, and send a second signal using a second set of beamforming weights in the set of beamforming weights based on the indication, the set of beamforming weights including the second set of beamforming weights.

[0009] Another innovative aspect of the subject matter described in the present disclosure can be implemented in an apparatus for wireless communication at a first UE. The apparatus may include a component for: determining a set of beamforming weights for uplink communication, each set in the set of beamforming weights corresponding to a corresponding transmit beam in a set of transmit beams, each transmit beam in the set of transmit beams having the same main lobe signal strength attribute as each other transmit beam in the set of transmit beams, and each transmit beam in the set of transmit beams also having one or more side lobe signal strength attributes different from one or more side lobe signal strength attributes of each other transmit beam in the set of transmit beams; transmitting a set of signals, each signal in the set of signals being transmitted on a corresponding transmit beam in the set of transmit beams, after transmitting the set of signals based on at least a first transmit beam in the set of transmit beams corresponding to a first set of beamforming weights in the set of beamforming weights causing interference at a second UE, receiving an indication of a subset in the set of beamforming weights, and transmitting a second signal using a second set of beamforming weights in the set of beamforming weights based on the indication, the set of beamforming weights including the second set of beamforming weights.

[0010]

[0013] Another innovative aspect of the subject matter described in this disclosure can be implemented in a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a first UE. The code may include instructions executable by a processor to perform the following operations: determine a set of beamforming weights for uplink communication, each set in the set of beamforming weights corresponding to a corresponding transmit beam in a set of transmit beams, each transmit beam in the set of transmit beams having a main lobe signal strength attribute that is the same as each other transmit beam in the set of transmit beams, and each transmit beam in the set of transmit beams also having one or more side lobe signal strength attributes that are different from one or more side lobe signal strength attributes of each other transmit beam in the set of transmit beams; transmit a set of signals, each signal in the set of signals being transmitted on a corresponding transmit beam in the set of transmit beams, after transmitting the set of signals based on at least a first transmit beam in the set of transmit beams corresponding to a first set of beamforming weights in the set of beamforming weights that causes interference at a second UE, receive an indication of a subset in the set of beamforming weights, and based on the indication, transmit a second signal using a second set of beamforming weights in the set of beamforming weights, the set of beamforming weights including the second set of beamforming weights.

[0011] Another innovative aspect of the subject matter described in the present disclosure can be implemented in a method for wireless communication at a UE. The method includes: receiving from a first UE an indication of one or more sets of beamforming weights in a set of beamforming weights to be used by the first UE for transmission by a training process, each set in the set of beamforming weights corresponding to a corresponding transmit beam in a set of transmit beams, each transmit beam in the set of transmit beams having the same main lobe signal strength attribute as each other transmit beam in the set of transmit beams, and each transmit beam in the set of transmit beams also having one or more side lobe signal strength attributes that are different from one or more side lobe signal strength attributes of each other transmit beam in the set of transmit beams; receiving a set of signals from the first UE, each signal in the set of signals being received from a corresponding transmit beam in the set of transmit beams; determining that one or more signals in the set of signals from the first UE interfere with reception of a second signal at the UE; and sending an indication of a subset of the set of beamforming weights associated with subsequent transmissions by the first UE based on the determination.

[0012] Another innovative aspect of the subject matter described in the present disclosure can be implemented in an apparatus for wireless communication at a UE. The apparatus may include a processor, a memory coupled to the processor, and instructions stored in the memory. The instructions can be executed by the processor to cause the apparatus to: receive an indication of a training process from a first UE to determine one or more beamforming weight sets in a beamforming weight set to be used by the first UE for transmission, each set in the beamforming weight set corresponding to a corresponding transmit beam in a transmit beam set, each transmit beam in the transmit beam set having the same main lobe signal strength attribute as each other transmit beam in the transmit beam set, and each transmit beam in the transmit beam set also having one or more side lobe signal strength attributes different from one or more side lobe signal strength attributes of each other transmit beam in the transmit beam set; receive a signal set from the first UE, each signal in the signal set being received from a corresponding transmit beam in the transmit beam set; determine that one or more signals in the signal set from the first UE interfere with reception of a second signal at the UE; and send an indication of a subset of the beamforming weight set associated with a subsequent transmission by the first UE based on the determination.

[0013] Another innovative aspect of the subject matter described in the present disclosure can be implemented in an apparatus for wireless communication at a UE. The apparatus may include components for: receiving from a first UE an indication of a training process to determine one or more sets of beamforming weights in a set of beamforming weights to be used by the first UE for transmission, each set in the set of beamforming weights corresponding to a corresponding transmit beam in a set of transmit beams, each transmit beam in the set of transmit beams having the same mainlobe signal strength attribute as each other transmit beam in the set of transmit beams, and each transmit beam in the set of transmit beams also having one or more sidelobe signal strength attributes that are different from one or more sidelobe signal strength attributes of each other transmit beam in the set of transmit beams; receiving a set of signals from the first UE; each signal in the set of signals is received from a corresponding transmit beam in the set of transmit beams; determining that one or more signals in the set of signals from the first UE interfere with reception of a second signal at the UE; and sending an indication of a subset of the set of beamforming weights associated with subsequent transmissions by the first UE based on the determination.

[0014] Another innovative aspect of the subject matter described in the present disclosure can be implemented in a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a UE. The code may include instructions executable by a processor to perform the following operations: receiving from a first UE an indication of a training process to determine one or more sets of beamforming weights to be used by the first UE for transmission, each set of the beamforming weights corresponding to a corresponding transmit beam in a set of transmit beams, each transmit beam in the set of transmit beams having the same mainlobe signal strength attribute as each other transmit beam in the set of transmit beams, and each transmit beam in the set of transmit beams also having one or more sidelobe signal strength attributes different from one or more sidelobe signal strength attributes of each other transmit beam in the set of transmit beams; receiving from the first UE a set of signals, each signal in the set of signals being received from a corresponding transmit beam in the set of transmit beams; determining that one or more signals in the set of signals from the first UE interfere with reception of a second signal at the UE; and sending, based on the determination, an indication of a subset of the set of beamforming weights associated with subsequent transmissions by the first UE.

[0015] Another innovative aspect of the subject matter described in the present disclosure can be implemented in a method for wireless communication at a base station. The method includes: establishing a communication link with a UE; based on a first set of beamforming weights in a set of beamforming weights causing interference at the UE, receiving from the UE an indication of a subset of the set of beamforming weights related to subsequent transmissions by the first UE; and based on receiving an indication of the subset of the set of beamforming weights from a second UE, sending to a device an indication of the subset of the set of beamforming weights.

[0016] Another innovative aspect of the subject matter described in the present disclosure can be implemented in an apparatus for wireless communication at a base station. The apparatus may include a processor, a memory coupled to the processor, and instructions stored in the memory. The instructions may be executed by the processor to cause the apparatus to: establish a communication link with a UE; based on a first set of beamforming weights in the set of beamforming weights causing interference at the UE, receive from the UE an indication of a subset of the set of beamforming weights related to subsequent transmissions by the first UE; and based on receiving an indication of the subset of the set of beamforming weights from a second UE, send an indication of the subset of the set of beamforming weights to a device.

[0017] Another innovative aspect of the subject matter described in the present disclosure can be implemented in an apparatus for wireless communication at a base station. The apparatus may include components for: establishing a communication link with a UE; receiving an indication of a subset of the set of beamforming weights related to subsequent transmissions by the first UE from the UE based on a first set of beamforming weights in the set of beamforming weights causing interference at the UE; and sending an indication of the subset of the set of beamforming weights to a device based on receiving an indication of the subset of the set of beamforming weights from a second UE.

[0018] Another innovative aspect of the subject matter described in the present disclosure can be implemented in a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a base station. The code may include instructions executable by a processor to: establish a communication link with a UE; based on a first set of beamforming weights in the set of beamforming weights causing interference at the UE, receive from the UE an indication of a subset of the set of beamforming weights related to subsequent transmissions by the first UE; and based on receiving an indication of the subset of the set of beamforming weights from a second UE, send to a device an indication of the subset of the set of beamforming weights. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The details of one or more implementations of the subject matter described in the present disclosure are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the following description. However, the accompanying drawings illustrate only some typical aspects of the present disclosure and should not be considered as limiting its scope. Other features, aspects and advantages will become apparent from the specification, drawings and claims.

[0020] Figure 1 An example of a system for wireless communications that supports beam training in a large bandwidth millimeter wave (mmW) system according to aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0021] Figure 2 An example of a wireless communication system supporting beam training in a large bandwidth mmW system according to aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0022] Figure 3An example of antenna array gain supporting beam training in a large bandwidth mmW system according to aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0023] Figure 4 An example of a process flow to support beam training in a large bandwidth mmW system according to aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0024] Figure 5 and Figure 6 A block diagram of a device supporting beam training in a large bandwidth mmW system according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown.

[0025] Figure 7 A block diagram of a communication manager supporting beam training in large bandwidth mmW systems is shown according to aspects of the present disclosure.

[0026] Figure 8 An illustration of a system including a device supporting beam training in a large bandwidth mmW system according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown.

[0027] Fig. 9 and Fig.10 A block diagram of a device supporting beam training in a large bandwidth mmW system according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown.

[0028] Fig.11 A block diagram of a communication manager supporting beam training in large bandwidth mmW systems is shown according to aspects of the present disclosure.

[0029] Fig.12 A diagram of a system including a device supporting beam training in a large bandwidth mmW system according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown.

[0030] Figure 13-Figure 21 A flow chart illustrating a method of supporting beam training in a large bandwidth mmW system according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In some wireless communication systems (e.g., those operating in higher frequency ranges, such as Frequency Range 2 (FR2), Frequency Range 3 (FR3), Frequency Range 4 (FR4), or frequencies above 7.125 gigahertz (GHz)), various wireless devices may use larger antenna arrays to beamform transmissions between the various wireless devices. In some implementations, these larger antenna arrays may result in relatively higher (e.g., larger) side lobes for beamformed transmissions, which may undesirably increase interference at other wireless devices. Techniques for reducing interference are needed.

[0032] Various aspects generally relate to a user equipment (UE) that performs a beam training process to determine which sets of beamforming weights and corresponding transmit beams from different options cause more or less interference at nearby UEs, and more particularly to a UE that receives feedback about various sets of beamforming weights and corresponding transmit beams so that the UE can select one or more sets of beamforming weights and corresponding transmit beams for use in mitigating interference at other devices, such as other UEs. To mitigate interference, a base station can configure a plurality of sets of beamforming weights (e.g., a set of beam options) for the UE, each set of beamforming weights can result in a transmit beam of a transmit beam set that includes the same main lobe signal strength attributes (e.g., the same main beam setting or characteristics, such as the same main lobe steering direction and the same main lobe beamwidth) as other transmit beams in the transmit beam set and different side lobe signal strength attributes (e.g., different side lobe settings or characteristics) than other transmit beams in the transmit beam set. That is, each of the multiple beamforming weight sets may correspond to a different transmit beam in the transmit beam set, wherein each transmit beam in the transmit beam set may have the same main lobe as each of the other transmit beams (e.g., corresponding to the same main lobe signal strength attribute) and different side lobes for the corresponding transmit beam (e.g., corresponding to different side lobe signal strength attributes). The UE may then perform a beam training process to determine which sets of beamforming weights and corresponding transmit beams cause less or more interference at nearby UEs. As part of the beam training process, the UE may send signals using one or more transmit beams created by corresponding sets of beamforming weights in the multiple beamforming weight sets, and nearby UEs may determine which transmit beams and corresponding sets of beamforming weights cause more or less interference.

[0033] Certain aspects of the subject matter described in the present disclosure may be implemented to achieve one or more of the following potential advantages. The described communication device may perform operations that may provide improved interference management and mitigation for multiple communication devices. In some implementations, the communication device may determine which of a plurality of sets of beamforming weights and transmit beams and corresponding sets of transmit beams cause more interference at nearby devices than other beamforming weights in the set. The communication device may send subsequent communications using the sets of beamforming weights and transmit beams that cause less interference, thereby reducing transmissions to nearby devices that may be affected by the communication device's interference, and reducing the number of retransmissions that the communication device may use due to the avoidance of interference and other problems. With fewer retransmissions, the communication device may enable nearby devices to improve power efficiency by processing fewer messages and reducing latency for related operations and processing.

[0034] Various aspects of the present disclosure are initially described in the context of wireless communication systems. In addition, various aspects of the present disclosure are illustrated by additional wireless communication systems, antenna array gain, and process flows. Various aspects of the present disclosure are further illustrated and described with reference to apparatus diagrams, system diagrams, and flow charts relating to beam training in large bandwidth millimeter wave (mmW) systems.

[0035] Figure 1 An example of a wireless communication system 100 that supports beam training in a large bandwidth mmW system according to aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. The wireless communication system 100 may include one or more base stations 105, one or more UEs 115, and a core network 130. In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may be a long term evolution (LTE) network, an advanced LTE (LTE-A) network, an LTE-A Pro network, or a new radio (NR) network. In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may support one or more of enhanced broadband communications, ultra-reliable (e.g., mission-critical) communications, low-latency communications, or communications with low-cost and low-complexity devices.

[0036] The base stations 105 may be dispersed throughout a geographic area to form the wireless communication system 100, and may be devices of different forms or with different capabilities. The base stations 105 and the UEs 115 may communicate wirelessly via one or more communication links 125. Each base station 105 may provide a coverage area 110 over which the UEs 115 and the base stations 105 may establish one or more communication links 125. The coverage area 110 may be an example of a geographic area over which the base stations 105 and the UEs 115 may support communication of signals according to one or more radio access technologies.

[0037] The UEs 115 may be dispersed throughout the coverage area 110 of the wireless communication system 100, and each UE 115 may be stationary, mobile, or both at different times. The UEs 115 may be different forms of devices or devices with different capabilities. Figure 1 Some example UEs 115 are illustrated in FIG. 1. The UEs 115 described herein can communicate with various types of devices, such as other UEs 115, base stations 105, or network equipment (e.g., core network nodes, relay devices, integrated access and backhaul (IAB) nodes, or other network equipment), such as Figure 1 shown.

[0038] Base stations 105 may communicate with core network 130, or with each other, or both. For example, base stations 105 may interface with core network 130 via one or more backhaul links 120 (e.g., via S1, N2, N3, or other interfaces). Base stations 105 may communicate with each other over backhaul links 120 (e.g., via X2, Xn, or other interfaces), either directly (e.g., directly between base stations 105) or indirectly (e.g., via core network 130), or both. In some examples, backhaul links 120 may be or include one or more wireless links.

[0039] The one or more base stations 105 described herein may include or may be referred to by a person of ordinary skill in the art as a base transceiver station, a radio base station, an access point, a radio transceiver, a NodeB, an eNodeB (eNB), a next generation NodeB or a giga NodeB (any of which may be referred to as a gNB), a home NodeB, a home eNodeB, or other appropriate terminology.

[0040] UE 115 may include or may be referred to as a mobile device, a wireless device, a remote device, a handheld device, or a subscriber device, or some other appropriate terminology, where a "device" may also be referred to as a unit, a station, a terminal, or a client, among other examples. UE 115 may also include or may be referred to as a personal electronic device, such as a cellular phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a tablet computer, a laptop computer, or a personal computer. In some examples, UE 115 may include or be referred to as a wireless local loop (WLL) station, an Internet of Things (IoT) device, an Internet of Everything (IoE) device, or a machine type communication (MTC) device, which may be implemented in various objects such as appliances, or vehicles, meters, among other examples, among other examples.

[0041] The UE 115 described herein is capable of communicating with various types of devices, such as other UEs 115, which may sometimes act as relays, as well as base stations 105 and network equipment, including macro eNBs or gNBs, small cell eNBs or gNBs, or relay base stations, among other examples. Figure 1 shown.

[0042] The UE 115 and the base station 105 can communicate wirelessly with each other via one or more communication links 125 on one or more carriers. The term "carrier" may refer to a collection of radio frequency spectrum resources having a defined physical layer structure for supporting the communication link 125. For example, a carrier for the communication link 125 may include a portion of a radio frequency band (e.g., a bandwidth portion (BWP)) operating according to one or more physical layer channels for a given radio access technology (e.g., LTE, LTE-A Pro, NR). Each physical layer channel may carry acquisition signaling (e.g., synchronization signals, system information), control signaling for coordinating carrier operations, user data, or other signaling. The wireless communication system 100 may support communication with the UE 115 using carrier aggregation or multi-carrier operation. The UE 115 may be configured with multiple downlink component carriers and one or more uplink component carriers according to the carrier aggregation configuration. Carrier aggregation may be used with frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD) component carriers.

[0043] In some examples (e.g., in a carrier aggregation configuration), a carrier may also have acquisition signaling or control signaling that coordinates the operation of other carriers. A carrier may be associated with a frequency channel (e.g., an Evolved Universal Mobile Telecommunications System Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) Absolute Radio Frequency Channel Number (EARFCN)) and may be positioned according to a channel grid for discovery by a UE 115. A carrier may operate in a standalone mode, where a UE 115 may perform initial acquisition and connection via the carrier, or a carrier may operate in a non-standalone mode, where a different carrier (e.g., of the same or different radio access technology) is used to anchor the connection.

[0044] The communication link 125 shown in the wireless communication system 100 may include an uplink transmission from the UE 115 to the base station 105, or a downlink transmission from the base station 105 to the UE 115. A carrier may carry downlink or uplink communications (e.g., in FDD mode), or may be configured to carry both downlink and uplink communications (e.g., in TDD mode).

[0045] A carrier may be associated with a particular bandwidth of a radio frequency spectrum, and in some examples, the carrier bandwidth may be referred to as the "system bandwidth" of the carrier or wireless communication system 100. For example, the carrier bandwidth may be one of a plurality of determined bandwidths of a carrier for a particular radio access technology (e.g., 1.4, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20, 40, or 80 Hertz (MHz)). The devices of the wireless communication system 100 (e.g., base station 105, UE 115, or both) may have a hardware configuration that supports communications on a particular carrier bandwidth, or may be configured to support communications on one of a set of carrier bandwidths. In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may include a base station 105 or UE 115 that supports simultaneous communications via carriers associated with multiple carrier bandwidths. In some examples, each served UE 115 may be configured to operate on a portion (e.g., subband, BWP) of the carrier bandwidth or the entire carrier bandwidth.

[0046] The signal waveform transmitted on the carrier may be composed of multiple subcarriers (e.g., using multi-carrier modulation (MCM) techniques, such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) or discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-S-OFDM)). In a system employing MCM techniques, a resource element may include a symbol period (such as the duration of a modulation symbol) and a subcarrier, where the symbol period and the subcarrier spacing are inversely related. The number of bits carried by each resource element may depend on the modulation scheme (e.g., the order of the modulation scheme, the code rate of the modulation scheme, or both). The more resource elements received by the UE 115 and the higher the order of the modulation scheme, the higher the data rate of the UE 115 may be. Wireless communication resources may refer to a combination of radio frequency spectrum resources, time resources, and spatial resources (e.g., spatial layers or beams), and the use of multiple spatial layers may also increase the data rate or data integrity used to communicate with the UE 115.

[0047] One or more parameter sets for a carrier may be supported, where the parameter set may include a subcarrier spacing (Δf) and a cyclic prefix. A carrier may be divided into one or more BWPs with the same or different parameter sets. In some examples, a UE 115 may be configured with multiple BWPs. In some examples, a single BWP for a carrier may be active at a given time, and communications by a UE 115 may be limited to one or more active BWPs.

[0048] The time interval of the base station 105 or the UE 115 may be expressed as a multiple of a basic time unit, which may be, for example, T s =1 / (Δf max ·N f ) seconds sampling period, where Δf max It can represent the maximum supported subcarrier spacing, and Nf The maximum supported discrete Fourier transform (DFT) size may be indicated. The time intervals of the communication resources may be organized according to radio frames each having a specified duration (e.g., 10 milliseconds (ms)). Each radio frame may be identified by a system frame number (SFN) (e.g., ranging from 0 to 1023).

[0049] Each frame may include multiple consecutively numbered subframes or time slots, and each subframe or time slot may have the same duration. In some examples, (e.g., in the time domain) a frame may be divided into subframes, and each subframe may be further divided into multiple time slots. Alternatively, each frame may include a variable number of time slots, and the number of time slots may depend on the subcarrier spacing. Each time slot may include multiple symbol periods (e.g., depending on the length of a cyclic prefix prepended to each symbol period). In some wireless communication systems 100, a time slot may also be divided into multiple micro-time slots containing one or more symbols. In addition to the cyclic prefix, each symbol period may contain one or more (e.g., N f The duration of a symbol period may depend on the subcarrier spacing or the operating frequency band.

[0050] A subframe, a time slot, a mini-time slot, or a symbol may be the smallest scheduling unit (e.g., in the time domain) of the wireless communication system 100 and may be referred to as a transmission time interval (TTI). In some examples, the TTI duration (e.g., the number of symbol periods in a TTI) may be variable. Additionally or alternatively, the smallest scheduling unit of the wireless communication system 100 may be dynamically selected (e.g., in a burst of a shortened TTI (sTTI)).

[0051] Physical channels may be multiplexed on a carrier according to various techniques. For example, physical control channels and physical data channels may be multiplexed on a downlink carrier using one or more time division multiplexing (TDM) techniques, frequency division multiplexing (FDM) techniques, or hybrid TDM-FDM techniques. A control region (e.g., a control resource set (CORESET)) of a physical control channel may be defined by a plurality of symbol periods and may be extended across a system bandwidth or a subset of a system bandwidth of a carrier. One or more control regions (e.g., CORESETs) may be configured for a set of UEs 115. For example, one or more UEs 115 may monitor or search a control region for control information according to one or more search space sets, and each search space set may include one or more control channel candidates in one or more aggregation levels arranged in a cascaded manner. The aggregation level for a control channel candidate may refer to the number of control channel resources (e.g., control channel elements (CCEs)) associated with the coding information for a control information format having a given payload size. A search space set may include a common search space set configured for sending control information to a plurality of UEs 115 and a UE-specific search space set for sending control information to a specific UE 115.

[0052] Each base station 105 can provide communication coverage via one or more cells, such as one or more of a macro cell, a small cell, a hotspot, or other types of cells. The term "cell" can refer to a logical communication entity used to communicate with the base station 105 (e.g., via a carrier), and can be associated with an identifier (e.g., a physical cell identifier (PCID), a virtual cell identifier (VCID), or other) used to distinguish adjacent cells. In some examples, a cell can also refer to a geographic coverage area 110 or a portion of a geographic coverage area 110 (e.g., a sector) on which a logical communication entity operates. Depending on various factors such as the capabilities of the base station 105, such cellular cells can range from a smaller area (e.g., a structure, a subset of a structure) to a larger area. For example, a cell can be or include a building, a subset of a building, or an external space between or overlapping a geographic coverage area 110, as well as other examples.

[0053] A macro cell typically covers a relatively large geographic area (e.g., a radius of several kilometers) and may allow unrestricted access to a UE 115 with a service subscription to a network provider that supports the macro cell. A small cell may be associated with a lower power base station 105 than a macro cell, and the small cell may operate in the same or different (e.g., licensed, unlicensed) frequency band as the macro cell. A small cell may provide unrestricted access to a UE 115 with a service subscription to a network provider, or may provide restricted access to a UE 115 associated with a small cell (e.g., a UE 115 in a closed subscriber group (CSG), a UE 115 associated with a user in a home or office). A base station 105 may support one or more cells, and may also support communication on one or more cells using one or more component carriers.

[0054] In some examples, a carrier may support multiple cells, and different cells may be configured according to different protocol types (e.g., MTC, narrowband IoT (NB-IoT), enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB)) that may provide access to different types of devices.

[0055] In some examples, base stations 105 may be mobile and provide communication coverage for mobile geographic coverage areas 110. In some examples, different geographic coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies may overlap, but the different geographic coverage areas 110 may be supported by the same base station 105. In other examples, overlapping geographic coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies may be supported by different base stations 105. The wireless communication system 100 may include, for example, a heterogeneous network in which different types of base stations 105 provide coverage for various geographic coverage areas 110 using the same or different radio access technologies.

[0056] The wireless communication system 100 may support synchronous or asynchronous operation. For synchronous operation, the base stations 105 may have similar frame timing, and transmissions from different base stations 105 may be approximately aligned in time. For asynchronous operation, the base stations 105 may have different frame timing, and in some examples, transmissions from different base stations 105 may not be aligned in time. The techniques described herein may be used for synchronous or asynchronous operation.

[0057] Some UEs 115, such as MTC or IoT devices, may be low-cost or low-complexity devices and may provide automatic communication between machines (e.g., via machine-to-machine (M2M) communication). M2M communication or MTC may refer to data communication technology that allows devices to communicate with each other or with a base station 105 without human intervention. In some examples, M2M communication or MTC may include communications from devices that integrate sensors or meters to measure or capture information and relay such information to a central server or application that utilizes the information or presents the information to a person interacting with the application. Some UEs 115 may be designed to collect information or enable machines or other devices to behave autonomously. Examples of applications for MTC devices include smart metering, inventory monitoring, water level monitoring, equipment monitoring, healthcare monitoring, wildlife monitoring, weather and geological event monitoring, fleet management and tracking, remote security sensing, physical access control, and transaction-based commercial billing.

[0058] Some UEs 115 may be configured to employ a reduced power consumption mode of operation, such as half-duplex communication (e.g., a mode that supports unidirectional communication via transmission or reception but not simultaneous transmission and reception). In some examples, half-duplex communication may be performed at a reduced peak rate. Other power saving techniques for UE 115 include entering a power saving deep sleep mode if not engaged in active communication, operating over a limited bandwidth (e.g., according to narrowband communication), or a combination of these techniques. For example, some UEs 115 may be configured to operate using a narrowband protocol type associated with a defined portion or range (e.g., a set of subcarriers or resource blocks (RBs)) within a carrier, within a guard band of a carrier, or outside a carrier.

[0059] The wireless communication system 100 can be configured to support ultra-reliable communication or low-latency communication or various combinations thereof. For example, the wireless communication system 100 can be configured to support ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC) or mission-critical communication. UE115 can be designed to support ultra-reliable, low-latency or critical functions (e.g., mission-critical functions). Ultra-reliable communication can include private communication or group communication, and can be supported by one or more mission-critical services such as mission-critical push-to-talk (MCPTT), mission-critical video (MCVideo), or mission-critical data (MCData). Support for mission-critical functions can include service prioritization, and mission-critical services can be used for public safety or general commercial applications. The terms ultra-reliable, low-latency, mission-critical, and ultra-reliable low-latency can be used interchangeably in this article.

[0060] In some examples, the UE 115 may also be able to communicate directly with other UEs 115 via a device-to-device (D2D) communication link 135 (e.g., using a peer-to-peer (P2P) or D2D protocol). One or more UEs 115 utilizing D2D communication may be within the geographic coverage area 110 of the base station 105. Other UEs 115 in such a group may be outside the geographic coverage area 110 of the base station 105, or otherwise unable to receive transmissions from the base station 105. In some examples, a group of UEs 115 communicating via D2D communication may utilize a one-to-many (1:M) system in which each UE 115 transmits to each other UE 115 in the group. In some examples, the base station 105 facilitates the scheduling of resources for D2D communication. In other cases, D2D communication is performed between UEs 115 without involving the base station 105.

[0061] In some systems, the D2D communication link 135 can be an example of a communication channel (such as a sidelink communication channel) between vehicles (e.g., UE 115). In some examples, vehicles can communicate using vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication, or some combination of these. Vehicles can signal information related to traffic conditions, signal scheduling, weather, safety, emergency situations, or any other information related to the V2X system. In some examples, vehicles in a V2X system can communicate with roadside infrastructure (such as roadside units), or communicate with the network using vehicle-to-network (V2N) communication via one or more network nodes (e.g., base station 105), or communicate with both.

[0062] The core network 130 may provide user authentication, access authorization, tracking, Internet Protocol (IP) connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. The core network 130 may be an evolved packet core (EPC) or a 5G core (5GC), which may include at least one control plane entity (e.g., a mobility management entity (MME), an access and mobility management function (AMF)) for managing access and mobility, and at least one user plane entity (e.g., a serving gateway (S-GW), a packet data network (PDN) gateway (P-GW), a user plane function (UPF)) for routing packets or interconnections to an external network. The control plane entity may manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management for UE 115 served by a base station 105 associated with the core network 130. User IP packets may be transmitted via a user plane entity, which may provide IP address allocation and other functions. The user plane entity may be connected to a network operator IP service 150. Operator IP services 150 may include access to the Internet, an intranet, an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), or packet-switched streaming services.

[0063] Some network devices (such as base stations 105) may include subcomponents such as access network entities 140, which may be examples of access node controllers (ANCs). Each access network entity 140 may communicate with the UE 115 through one or more other access network transport entities 145, which may be referred to as radio heads, smart radio heads, or transmit / receive points (TRPs). Each access network transport entity 145 may include one or more antenna panels. In some configurations, the various functions of each access network entity 140 or each base station 105 may be distributed across various network devices (e.g., radio heads and ANCs), or merged into a single network device (e.g., base station 105).

[0064] The wireless communication system 100 may operate using one or more frequency bands, typically in the range of 300 megahertz (MHz) to 300 GHz. Typically, the region from 300 MHz to 3 GHz is referred to as the ultra-high frequency (UHF) region or decimeter band because the wavelength distance is from about 1 decimeter to 1 meter long. UHF waves may be blocked or redirected by buildings and environmental features, but these waves may penetrate the structure sufficiently to enable a macro cell to provide service to a UE 115 located indoors. Transmission of UHF waves may be associated with smaller antennas and shorter ranges (e.g., less than 100 kilometers) compared to transmission of smaller frequencies and longer waves in the high frequency (HF) or very high frequency (VHF) portion of the spectrum below 300 MHz.

[0065] The wireless communication system 100 may also operate in a super high frequency (SHF) region using a frequency band from 3 GHz to 30 GHz (also referred to as a centimeter band), or in an extremely high frequency (EHF) region of the spectrum (e.g., from 30 GHz to 300 GHz), also referred to as a millimeter band. In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may support millimeter wave (mmW) communications between a UE 115 and a base station 105, and the EHF antennas of the corresponding devices may be smaller and more closely spaced than UHF antennas. In some examples, this may facilitate the use of antenna arrays within the device. However, the propagation of EHF transmissions may be subject to even greater atmospheric attenuation and shorter distances than SHF or UHF transmissions. The techniques disclosed herein may be employed in transmissions using one or more different frequency regions, and the designated use of frequency bands across these frequency regions may vary from country to country or regulatory agency.

[0066] The wireless communication system 100 can use licensed and unlicensed radio frequency spectrum bands. For example, the wireless communication system 100 can adopt license assisted access (LAA), LTE unlicensed (LTE-U) radio access technology, or NR technology in an unlicensed band such as the 5 GHz industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band. If operating in an unlicensed radio frequency spectrum band, devices such as base stations 105 and UEs 115 can use carrier sensing for conflict detection and avoidance. In some examples, operations in unlicensed bands can be based on carrier aggregation configurations together with component carriers operating in licensed bands (e.g., LAA). Operations in unlicensed spectrum can include downlink transmissions, uplink transmissions, P2P transmissions, or D2D transmissions, as well as other examples.

[0067] The base station 105 or UE 115 may be equipped with multiple antennas, which may be used to employ technologies such as transmit diversity, receive diversity, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communications, or beamforming. The antennas of the base station 105 or UE 115 may be located within one or more antenna arrays or antenna panels, which may support MIMO operations or transmit or receive beamforming. For example, one or more base station antennas or antenna arrays may be co-located at an antenna assembly such as an antenna tower. In some examples, the antennas or antenna arrays associated with the base station 105 may be located at different geographical locations. The base station 105 may have an antenna array with multiple rows and columns of antenna ports, which the base station 105 may use to support beamforming for communications with the UE 115. Similarly, the UE 115 may have one or more antenna arrays that may support various MIMO or beamforming operations. Additionally or alternatively, the antenna panel may support radio frequency beamforming of signals sent via the antenna ports.

[0068] Base station 105 or UE 115 can use MIMO communication to take advantage of multipath signal propagation and improve spectral efficiency by sending or receiving multiple signals via different spatial layers. Such technology is called spatial multiplexing. For example, multiple signals can be sent by a transmitting device via different antennas or different antenna combinations. Similarly, multiple signals can be received by a receiving device via different antennas or different antenna combinations. Each of the multiple signals can be referred to as a separate spatial stream and can carry bits associated with the same data stream (e.g., the same codeword) or different data streams (e.g., different codewords). Different spatial layers can be associated with different antenna ports for channel measurement and reporting. MIMO technology includes single-user MIMO (SU-MIMO), in which multiple spatial layers are sent to the same receiving device, and multi-user MIMO (MU-MIMO), in which multiple spatial layers are sent to multiple devices.

[0069] Beamforming (which may also be referred to as spatial filtering, directional transmission, or directional reception) is a signal processing technique that can be used at a transmitting device or a receiving device (e.g., a base station 105, a UE 115) to shape or steer an antenna beam (e.g., a transmit beam, a receive beam) along a spatial path between the transmitting device and the receiving device. Beamforming can be achieved by combining signals communicated via antenna elements in an antenna array so that some signals propagating in a particular direction relative to the antenna array experience constructive interference, while other signals experience destructive interference. Adjustments to signals transmitted via antenna elements may include the transmitting device or the receiving device applying an amplitude offset, a phase offset, or both to signals carried via antenna elements associated with the device. Adjustments associated with each antenna element may be defined by a set of beamforming weights associated with a particular direction (e.g., relative to the antenna array of the transmitting device or the receiving device, or relative to some other direction).

[0070] The base station 105 or the UE 115 may use beam scanning techniques as part of a beamforming operation. For example, the base station 105 may use multiple antennas or antenna arrays (e.g., antenna panels) to perform beamforming operations for directional communication with the UE 115. Some signals (e.g., synchronization signals, reference signals, beam selection signals, or other control signals) may be sent multiple times by the base station 105 in different directions. For example, the base station 105 may send signals based on different sets of beamforming weights associated with different transmission directions. Transmissions in different beam directions may be used to identify (e.g., by a transmitting device such as the base station 105, or by a receiving device such as the UE 115) the beam direction for later transmission or reception by the base station 105.

[0071] Some signals, such as data signals associated with a particular receiving device, may be sent by base station 105 in a single beam direction (e.g., a direction associated with a receiving device such as UE 115). In some examples, a beam direction associated with transmissions along a single beam direction may be determined based on signals sent in one or more beam directions. For example, UE 115 may receive one or more of the signals sent by base station 105 in different directions and may report to base station 105 an indication of the signal received by UE 115 with the highest signal quality or an otherwise acceptable signal quality.

[0072] In some examples, transmissions by a device (e.g., a base station 105 or a UE 115) may be performed using multiple beam directions, and the device may generate a combined beam for transmission (e.g., from the base station 105 to the UE 115) using a combination of digital precoding or radio frequency beamforming. The UE 115 may report feedback indicating precoding weights for one or more beam directions, and the feedback may correspond to the number of configured beams across the system bandwidth or one or more subbands. The base station 105 may send a reference signal (e.g., a cell-specific reference signal (CRS), a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS)), which may be precoded or unprecoded. The UE 115 may provide feedback for beam selection, which may be a precoding matrix indicator (PMI) or codebook-based feedback (e.g., a multi-panel type codebook, a linear combination type codebook, a port selection type codebook). Although these techniques are described with reference to signals sent by base station 105 in one or more directions, UE 115 may employ similar techniques for sending signals multiple times in different directions (e.g., for identifying a beam direction for subsequent transmission or reception by UE 115), or for sending signals in a single direction (e.g., for sending data to a receiving device).

[0073] If various signals, such as synchronization signals, reference signals, beam selection signals, or other control signals are received from the base station 105, the receiving device (e.g., UE 115) may try multiple receiving configurations (e.g., directional listening). For example, the receiving device may try multiple receiving directions by receiving via different antenna subarrays, by processing the received signal according to different antenna subarrays, by receiving according to different receiving beamforming weight sets (e.g., different directional listening weight sets) applied to the signal received at multiple antenna elements of the antenna array, or by processing the received signal according to different receiving beamforming weight sets applied to the signal received at multiple antenna elements of the antenna array, any of which may be referred to as "listening" according to different receiving configurations or receiving directions. In some examples, the receiving device may use a single receiving configuration to receive along a single beam direction (e.g., if receiving a data signal). The single receiving configuration may be aligned in a beam direction determined based on listening according to different receiving configuration directions (e.g., a beam direction determined to have the highest signal strength, the highest signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), or otherwise acceptable signal quality based on listening according to multiple beam directions).

[0074] The wireless communication system 100 can be a packet-based network that operates according to a layered protocol stack. In the user plane, the communication at the bearer layer or the packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer can be based on IP. The radio link control (RLC) layer can perform packet segmentation and reorganization to communicate through logical channels. The medium access control (MAC) layer can perform priority processing and multiplex logical channels into transport channels. The MAC layer can also use error detection technology, error correction technology, or both to support retransmission at the MAC layer to improve link efficiency. In the control plane, the radio resource control (RRC) protocol layer can provide the establishment, configuration and maintenance of the RRC connection between the base station 105 or the core network 130 that supports the radio bearer for user plane data. At the physical layer, the transport channel can be mapped to the physical channel.

[0075] UE 115 and base station 105 can support retransmission of data to increase the possibility of successfully receiving data. Hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) feedback is a technology for increasing the possibility of correctly receiving data through communication link 125. HARQ can include a combination of error detection (e.g., using cyclic redundancy check (CRC)), forward error correction (FEC) and retransmission (e.g., automatic repeat request (ARQ)). HARQ can improve the throughput of the MAC layer under poor radio conditions (e.g., low signal-to-noise ratio conditions). In some examples, the device can support HARQ feedback for the same time slot, wherein the device can provide HARQ feedback for data received in previous symbols in the time slot in a specific time slot. In other cases, the device can provide HARQ feedback in subsequent time slots or according to some other time interval.

[0076] Some wireless communication systems (e.g., higher frequency ranges, such as FR2, FR3, FR4, or frequencies above 7.125 GHz) may use larger antenna arrays to beamform transmissions between the UE 115 and the base station 105. In some implementations, these larger antenna arrays may result in higher (e.g., larger) sidelobes for beamformed transmissions, which may increase interference at other wireless devices. For example, sidelobes at certain angles may be the result of beam weights that are designed to direct energy in a specific set of directions via the main lobe. In some implementations, the sidelobes are low in amplitude so that nearby wireless devices are not affected to a significant or significant degree. However, for higher frequency ranges and larger antenna arrays, the sidelobes may be larger in amplitude or include different angles that affect the communications of nearby wireless devices. Techniques for reducing interference are needed.

[0077] Various aspects are generally directed to interference mitigation and management, and more particularly to a UE 115 performing a beam training procedure using a plurality of sets of beamforming weights corresponding to a set of transmit beams to determine which sets of beamforming weights and corresponding transmit beams cause more or less interference at a nearby wireless device, such as an additional UE 115. In some aspects, each of the plurality of sets of beamforming weights and corresponding transmit beams may include the same or similar main lobe signal strength attributes (e.g., the same main beam settings or characteristics, such as the same main lobe steering direction and the same main lobe beam width) and different side lobe signal strength attributes (e.g., different side lobe settings or characteristics) relative to other transmit beams in the set of transmit beams. In some implementations, the UE 115 may perform a beam training procedure with a nearby UE 115 by sending a signal to a base station 105 on a plurality of uplink transmit beams, wherein the nearby UE 115 indicates which uplink transmit beams, the corresponding sets of beamforming weights, or both cause more or less interference to the UE 115 at the nearby UE 115. For example, a nearby UE 115 may report a single transmit beam / beamforming weight set for the UE 115 to use for subsequent communications (e.g., uplink communications) with the base station 105, a subset of transmit beams / beamforming weight sets for the UE 115 to use for subsequent communications (e.g., in a sorted list), or one or more transmit beams / beamforming weight sets that the UE 115 does not use for subsequent communications.

[0078] Figure 2 An example of a wireless communication system 200 that supports beam training in a large bandwidth mmW system according to aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. In some examples, the wireless communication system 200 can implement aspects of the wireless communication system 100. For example, the wireless communication system 200 may include one or more base stations 105 and UEs 115 (e.g., cars, mobile devices, and additional UEs), which may be as described in reference to Figure 1 Examples of corresponding base stations 105 and UEs 115 described. As shown, the wireless communication system 200 may include a base station 105-a, a base station 105-b, a UE 115-a, a UE 115-b, a UE 115-c, a UE 115-d, and a UE 115-e. In addition, the wireless communication system 200 may include an access network transport entity 145-a that facilitates communication between the base station 105 and the UE 115 (e.g., between the base station 105-b and the UE 115-c), and may include multiple communication links 125 for sending messages between different wireless devices (e.g., between two UEs 115, between a base station 105 and a UE 115, or between an access network transport entity and a UE 115 or a base station 105).

[0079] The wireless communication system 200 supports beamforming for communication between devices. The wireless communication system 200 can use beamforming to improve link margins that are degraded due to path, penetration, and blocking losses. The device can steer the beam in a set of (multiple) specific directions, and can use beam scanning (e.g., as part of a beam refinement process) to determine good (e.g., optimal) beamforming weights for establishing a communication link 125 between two devices. For example, the DFT beamforming weights can create a main sidelobe at a gap (e.g., approximately a 13.5 dB gap) from the peak array gain direction (i.e., the main lobe signal strength or direction). As shown, the UE 115-a can send communications using a beamforming transmission that includes at least a main lobe 205 (or the main portion of a beam or lobe) and one or more side lobes 210 (or secondary or side portions of a beam), such as side lobes 210-a and side lobes 210-b. For example, UE 115-a may transmit uplink data or messages to base station 105-a via UE 115-d using main lobe 205 and one or more side lobes 210, where UE 115-d relays the uplink data or messages to base station 105-a. In addition, UE 115 may change the peak gain direction or side lobe direction (typically, gain distribution). In some implementations, UE 115 may see gain in unintended directions of beamformed transmissions. For example, UE 115 may create one or more side lobes 210 at some angles as a result of beam weights that are designed to direct energy in a particular set of directions via main lobe 205. However, the direction and amplitude of one or more side lobes 210 may be undesirable or may change based on different characteristics of the device transmitting the beamformed transmission.

[0080] In addition, the wireless communication system 200 can support higher frequency ranges, such as FR2, FR3, FR4, or frequencies generally higher than 7.125 GHz. For example, operation on the "60 GHz" band can cover coverage in the 57-71 GHz range. Based on operation in these higher frequency ranges, devices in the wireless communication system 200 can use large antenna arrays over large or ultra-wide bandwidths. The antenna elements in these large antenna arrays can be spaced apart at specific inter-element spacings for ultra-wideband operation. For example, if the inter-element spacing for a first frequency is 2.5 mm (where 2.5 = λ / 2 for 60 GHz, where λ represents a wavelength, so that the inter-element spacing corresponds to half the wavelength for 60 GHz operation), the impact of the inter-element spacing can depend on the actual operating frequency for the device (e.g., the inter-element spacing can create a wavelength that can be 0.95*λ / 2 at 57 GHz and 1.18*λ / 2 at 71 GHz). For operations outside the higher frequency range (eg, outside the 57-71 GHz range), interference in out-of-band scenarios may affect other devices (subject to effective isotropic sensitivity (EIS) constraints at the target node).

[0081] In some implementations, one or more UEs 115 in the wireless communication system 200 may use a 16×1 antenna array (e.g., a large antenna array consisting of 16 antenna elements in a single row or column) for operation in the “60 GHz” frequency band, where the coverage area of ​​the antenna array is ±60° around the boresight direction. If the spacing between elements is 2.5 mm for the first frequency as described above (e.g., for 60 GHz, 2.5=λ / 2), the characteristics associated with the spacing between elements are different depending on the operating frequency, and thus, the wavelength associated with the spacing between elements is 0.95*λ / 2 at 57 GHz and 1.18*λ / 2 at 71 GHz. As an example, the UE 115-a may transmit a main lobe 205, which may be directed at a first angle (e.g., 45°). Based on the first angle, the array gain may be different for different carrier frequencies. The UE 115-a may determine a set of beamforming weights for a particular carrier frequency (e.g., 60 GHz), which may not match other carrier frequencies. Depending on which carrier frequency the other UE 115 or node is operating on (and the corresponding effect of the inter-element spacing) and the direction of the main lobe 205 (i.e., the first angle) and the direction relative to the source node (i.e., UE 115-a), UE 115-a may see different interference and sidelobe levels.

[0082] In some implementations, creating a notch or filter that suppresses signals outside the frequency band in which the device is operating can mitigate out-of-band glitches (i.e., interference from a frequency band different from the frequency band in which the device is operating). However, filters can be expensive, can consume a lot of power and on-chip area, and different devices with different capabilities can suppress out-of-band signals in different ways. In addition, in-band interference can be more problematic. For example, multiple devices may use frequencies between 59 GHz and 61 GHz, so beamforming transmissions beyond these frequencies in the 57-71 GHz range may be problematic and cause interference at nearby devices using frequencies between 57 GHz and 71 GHz. As shown, a beamformed transmission from UE 115-a may cause interference 215 at a nearby UE 115. For example, a sidelobe 210-b may cause interference 215-a at UE 115-b and interference 215-b at UE 115-c.

[0083] To mitigate interference 215, UE 115-a (e.g., a source node) may perform a beam training process with nearby devices such as UE 115-b and UE 115-c. During the beam training process, UE 115-a (or a different device acting as a source node, such as base station 105 or customer premises equipment (CPE)) may first use different types of beams for downlink transmissions, uplink transmissions, or both at a carrier frequency of interest, where the different types of beams correspond to beams having different characteristics, such as different peak gains and directions for one or more side lobes 210. For example, UE 115-a may use each type of beam from the different types of beams to send an uplink transmission to base station 105-a (via UE 115-d), such as sending a first instance of the uplink transmission on a first beam having a first set of characteristics, sending a second instance of the uplink transmission on a second beam having a second set of characteristics, and sending a third instance of the uplink transmission on a third beam having a third set of characteristics (up to the number of beams and instances configured for the beam training process). For a beam training process, after sending uplink transmissions to base station 105-a using different types of beams having different characteristics, nearby devices (e.g., UE 115-b and UE 115-c) may report which beams caused a higher amount or a lower amount of interference at the nearby devices as a result of the uplink transmissions sent by UE 115-a. Different devices (e.g., base station 105) may send downlink transmissions using different beams having different characteristics to perform a similar beam training process to identify downlink transmissions that cause interference at nearby devices, and the nearby devices may indicate which beams caused a higher amount or a lower amount of interference at the nearby devices as a result of the downlink transmissions sent by the different devices.

[0084] These different beam types may have the same main lobe steering direction and main lobe beamwidth and comparable peak gain and gain distribution in the main lobe 205 (i.e., a main lobe within a threshold). However, different beam types may differ in sidelobe levels and interference profiles, such that a beam type refers to a different transmit beam with different sidelobe levels and interference profiles. UE 115-a may determine a set of beamforming weights that may correspond to different beam types, wherein each set of beamforming weights corresponds to a corresponding transmit beam in a transmit beam set for a different beam type. For example, a single beamforming weight may be associated with a corresponding antenna element in an antenna array for a specific precoding of UE 115-a. Subsequently, UE 115-a may use a set of beamforming weights (e.g., from a plurality of sets of beamforming weights) and a corresponding set of antenna elements to generate a single transmit beam in a transmit beam set.

[0085] Each transmit beam in the set of transmit beams may have the same main lobe signal strength properties (e.g., main beam settings) to generate the same or similar main lobes 205, and one or more different side lobe signal strength properties (e.g., different side beam settings) to generate side lobes 210 that are different from other transmit beams in the set of transmit beams. In some implementations, the base station 105-a may pre-configure the set of beamforming weights within the UE 115-a, a network device may signal the set of beamforming weights to the UE 115-a, or the UE 115-a may determine the set of beamforming weights in a different manner based on an antenna array built into the UE 115-a.

[0086] After UE 115-a uses a different type of beam for each of the uplink (or downlink) transmissions, other nodes (e.g., target nodes, such as UE 115-b and UE 115-c, or other UE 115 and CPE) may report beam types that mitigate interference at the carrier frequency of those other nodes. For example, each of these other nodes may report an indication of one or more sets of beamforming weights that UE 115-a may use for subsequent communications that cause less interference at other nodes, or an indication of one or more corresponding transmit beams, or both. In some implementations, each of the other nodes may report a single set of beamforming weights / transmit beams for UE 115-a to use for subsequent communications, or may report multiple sets of beamforming weights / transmit beams for UE 115-a to use for subsequent communications. In some such implementations, UE 115-a may sort the multiple sets of beamforming weights / transmit beams reported by the other nodes, for example, in a sorted list of increasing likelihood of interference for subsequent communications. Alternatively, the other nodes may report one or more sets of beamforming weights / transmit beams that UE 115-a does not use for subsequent communications based on the one or more sets of beamforming weights / transmit beams that cause higher interference levels at the other nodes.

[0087] In some implementations, the other nodes may report indications of which beamforming weights / sets of transmit beams to use or not use directly to UE 115-a (e.g., via sidelink messaging if the other nodes are additional UEs 115, or via downlink messaging if the other nodes include base stations 105). Additionally or alternatively, the other nodes may report the indications to the serving base station 105 of the respective node, which may then forward the indications directly to UE 115-a or send the indications to the additional base station 105 serving UE 115-a via a backhaul connection. In such examples, the additional base station 105 may then send the indications to UE 115-a. For example, UE 115-b and UE 115-c may each send indications of which beamforming weights / sets of transmit beams to use or not use directly to UE 115-a or base station 105-b (e.g., via access network transport entity 145-a and UE 115-e, respectively). If the indication is sent to base station 105-b, base station 105-b may then send the indication directly to UE 115-a, or may send the indication indirectly to UE 115-a via base station 105-a (e.g., via a backhaul connection or via a beamforming transmission), which may then send the indication to UE 115-a (e.g., directly or via UE 115-d). UE 115-a may then configure its antenna with an appropriate set of beamforming weights to generate a corresponding transmit beam for subsequent transmissions, which results in less interference at other nodes.

[0088] Additionally or alternatively, other nodes may perform measurements on different transmit beams. For example, these other nodes may measure a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), a signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR), a reference signal received power (RSRP), or different power measurements for each of the different transmit beams. The other nodes may then report these power measurements to the UE 115-a (e.g., directly or indirectly through one or more base stations 105 as described above), and the UE 115-a may then determine which sets of beamforming weights / transmit beams to use for subsequent communications based on the reported measurements. Additionally or alternatively, if the measurements are reported to the base station 105, the base station 105 may determine a set of one or more beamforming weights / transmit beams for the UE 115-a to use to reduce interference 215, and signal an indication of the determined set of beamforming weights / transmit beams to the UE 115-a (e.g., directly or indirectly through an additional base station 105).

[0089] Figure 3An example of an antenna array gain 300 supporting beam training in a large bandwidth mmW system according to aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. In some examples, the antenna array gain 300 can implement aspects of the wireless communication systems 100 and 200. For example, the antenna array gain 300 can represent different antenna array gains for different transmit beams 305 having similar main lobes (e.g., within a threshold range) but different side lobes transmitted by the source UE 115. The source UE 115 can perform a beam training process with nearby UEs 115 to determine which transmit beams 305 cause a greater amount of interference at the nearby UE 115 (or additional nearby devices). In some examples, the source UE 115 can operate at 60 GHz (UE60).

[0090] As part of the beam training process, the source UE 115 may use five beam types (i.e., five different sets of beamforming weights that result in different interference profiles or levels of sidelobes of the beamformed transmissions) corresponding to five transmit beams 305 (i.e., transmit beam 305-a, transmit beam 305-b, transmit beam 305-c, transmit beam 305-d, and transmit beam 305-e) for uplink transmissions to the serving base station 105 (gNB60) at 60 GHz. The five transmit beams may correspond to similar mainlobe characteristics (i.e., similar peak gain and direction), but have different sidelobe levels at different angles. As an example, two other UEs 115 in the vicinity of the source UE 115 may operate at different frequencies (such as 71 GHz) within the in-band operation of the source UE 115 (e.g., within the range of 57-71 GHz). For example, UE 115-f and UE 115-g may receive downlink communications from an additional base station 105 that also operates at a different frequency.

[0091] However, the uplink transmission from source UE 115 may interfere with the reception of the downlink transmission at UE 115-f and UE 115-g based on the sidelobe direction of the uplink transmission. As part of the beam training process, UE 115-f and UE 115-g may report information to enable source UE 115 to reduce the interference caused by the uplink transmission. For example, as shown in FIG. Figure 2As described, UE 115-f and UE 115-g may report a single transmit beam 305 for use by source UE 115 to mitigate or reduce interference, multiple transmit beams 305 for use by source UE 115 to mitigate or reduce interference, or one or more transmit beams 305 that are not used by source UE 115 for subsequent communications. Additionally or alternatively, UE 115-f and UE 115-g may report different power or signal measurements for each transmit beam 305, and source UE 115 may determine which transmit beam 305 to use based on the power / signal measurements. In some implementations, UE 115-f and UE 115-g may report the transmit beam(s) 305 for use or not used by source UE 115 directly to source UE 115 (e.g., via sidelink messaging) or to an additional base station 105, which then sends an indication to source UE 115 (e.g., directly or via serving base station 105). The source UE 115 may then use the indicated or determined transmit beam 305 for subsequent transmissions to mitigate interference to other UEs 115 and additional devices in the vicinity.

[0092] For example, as shown, UE 115-f may instruct source UE 115 to use transmit beam 305-b or transmit beam 305-c for subsequent transmissions or communications based on the side lobes of the beamforming transmissions causing these transmit beams 305 to not have the same high array gain. UE 115-f may individually and explicitly indicate transmit beam 305-b, both transmit beam 305-b and transmit beam 305-c in a sorted list (the sorted list indicating that transmit beam 305-b causes less interference than transmit beam 305-c), instruct source UE 115 not to use transmit beam 305-a, transmit beam 305-d, or transmit beam 305-e, or transmit power / signal measurements of each of transmit beams 305 to report the indication. Additionally or alternatively, UE 115-g may experience similar interference in array gain caused by uplink communications from source UE 115. However, the UE 115 - g may still report information regarding which transmit beams 305 cause less interference than other transmit beams 305 .

[0093] Figure 4 An example of a process flow 400 for supporting beam training in a large bandwidth mmW system according to aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. In some examples, the process flow 400 can implement aspects of the wireless communication system 100 and / or 200. For example, the process flow 400 can include a base station 105-c, a UE 115-h, and a UE 115-i, which can be respectively as described in reference Figure 1-Figure 3The depicted examples correspond to base stations 105 and UEs 115. Additionally, base stations 105-c, UEs 115-h, and UEs 115-i may operate in a frequency range above 7.125 GHz.

[0094] In the following description of process flow 400, operations between base station 105-c, UE 115-h, and UE 115-i may be sent in a different order than shown, or operations performed by base station 105-c, UE 115-h, and UE 115-i may be performed in a different order or at a different time. Some operations may also be omitted from process flow 400, or other operations may be added to process flow 400. Although base station 105-c, UE 115-h, and UE 115-i are shown as performing multiple operations of process flow 400, any wireless device may perform the operations shown.

[0095] At 405, the UE 115-h may determine a set of beamforming weights for uplink communication, each set in the set of beamforming weights corresponding to a respective transmit beam in a set of transmit beams, each transmit beam in the set of transmit beams having a same mainlobe signal strength attribute as each other transmit beam in the set of transmit beams, and each transmit beam in the set of transmit beams also having one or more sidelobe signal strength attributes that are different from one or more sidelobe signal strength attributes of each other transmit beam in the set of transmit beams. For example, the same mainlobe signal strength attributes may include one or more of a same peak beamforming array gain of the mainlobe, a same peak beamforming array gain direction, a same mainlobe beamwidth, or a same gain distribution. Additionally or alternatively, the same mainlobe signal strength attributes for each transmit beam in the set of transmit beams may include a mainlobe associated with each respective transmit beam being within a threshold signal strength of a respective mainlobe associated with each other transmit beam in the set of transmit beams.

[0096] At 410, the UE 115-h may transmit a set of signals, each signal in the set of signals being transmitted on a corresponding transmit beam in the set of transmit beams. In some implementations, the UE 115-h may transmit the set of signals using each transmit beam in the set of transmit beams (e.g., each transmit beam may correspond to a corresponding set in a set of beamforming weights).

[0097] At 415, UE 115-h may receive an indication of a subset of the set of beamforming weights after transmitting the set of signals based on at least a first transmit beam in the set of transmit beams corresponding to a first set of beamforming weights in the set of beamforming weights that caused interference at UE 115-i. For example, the subset of the set of beamforming weights may be used by UE 115-h for subsequent transmissions. Additionally, UE 115-i may determine that one or more signals in the set of signals from UE 115-h interfere with reception of a second signal at UE 115-i. In some implementations, at 415-a, UE 115-h may receive an indication of a subset of the set of beamforming weights from UE 115-i via a sidelink message. Additionally or alternatively, at 415-b, UE 115-h may receive an indication of a subset of the set of beamforming weights from base station 105-c via a downlink message.

[0098] In some implementations, if an indication of a subset of a set of beamforming weights is received, the UE 115-h may receive an indication of a separate set of beamforming weights in the set of beamforming weights to be used for subsequent transmissions. Additionally or alternatively, the UE 115-h may receive an indication of multiple sets of beamforming weights in the set of beamforming weights to be used for subsequent transmissions. For example, the UE 115-h may sort the multiple sets of beamforming weights in the set of beamforming weights in order of increasing interference for subsequent transmissions. Alternatively, the UE 115-h may receive an indication of one or more sets of beamforming weights in the set of beamforming weights that are not to be used for subsequent transmissions.

[0099] Additionally or alternatively, at 420, UE 115-h may receive (e.g., signaled directly to UE 115-h from UE 115-i or received from UE 115-i via base station 105-c) a signal measurement report for each signal in the set of signals. Subsequently, UE 115-h may determine a set of beamforming weights (e.g., a second set of beamforming weights) to be used for sending a subsequent transmission (e.g., a second signal) based on the signal measurement report. Additionally or alternatively, base station 105-c may determine a set of beamforming weights to be used by UE 115-h for subsequent transmissions based on the signal measurement report and indicate the beamforming weights to UE 115-h. In some implementations, the signal measurement report may include one or more of an SNR, a SINR, an RSRP, a reference signal received quality (RSRQ), or a received signal strength indicator (RSSI).

[0100] At 425, the UE 115-h may send a second signal using a second set of beamforming weights from among the sets of beamforming weights based on the indication received at 415. In some implementations, the subset of the sets of beamforming weights may include the second set of beamforming weights.

[0101] Figure 5 A block diagram of a device 505 supporting beam training in a large bandwidth mmW system according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The device 505 may be an example of aspects of a UE 115. The device 505 may include a receiver 510, a communication manager 515, and a transmitter 520. The communication manager 515 may be implemented at least in part by one or both of a modem and a processor. Each of these components may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0102] The receiver 510 may receive information such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information related to beam training in large bandwidth mmW systems). The information may be delivered to other components of the device 505. The receiver 510 may be a reference Figure 8 Examples of aspects of the transceiver 820 are described. The receiver 510 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of antennas.

[0103] The communication manager 515 may determine a set of beamforming weights for uplink communication, each set in the set of beamforming weights corresponding to a corresponding transmit beam in a set of transmit beams, each transmit beam in the set of transmit beams having the same mainlobe signal strength attribute as each other transmit beam in the set of transmit beams, and each transmit beam in the set of transmit beams also having one or more sidelobe signal strength attributes that are different from one or more sidelobe signal strength attributes of each other transmit beam in the set of transmit beams. In some implementations, the communication manager 515 may send a set of signals, each signal in the set of signals being sent on a corresponding transmit beam in the set of transmit beams. Subsequently, the communication manager 515 may receive an indication of a subset of the set of beamforming weights after sending the set of signals based on at least a first transmit beam in the set of transmit beams corresponding to a first set of beamforming weights in the set of beamforming weights that causes interference at a second UE. The communication manager 515 may then transmit the second signal using a second set of beamforming weights from among the sets of beamforming weights based on the indication, the subset of the sets of beamforming weights including the second set of beamforming weights.

[0104] Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 515 may receive from the first UE a training process to determine an indication of one or more sets of beamforming weights in a set of beamforming weights that the first UE may use for transmission, each set in the set of beamforming weights corresponding to a corresponding transmit beam in a set of transmit beams, each transmit beam in the set of transmit beams having the same mainlobe signal strength attribute as each other transmit beam in the set of transmit beams, and each transmit beam in the set of transmit beams also having one or more sidelobe signal strength attributes that are different from one or more sidelobe signal strength attributes of each other transmit beam in the set of transmit beams. Additionally, the communication manager 515 may receive from the first UE a set of signals, each signal in the set of signals being received from a corresponding transmit beam in the set of transmit beams. In some implementations, the communication manager 515 may determine that one or more signals in the set of signals from the first UE interfere with reception of a second signal at the UE. Subsequently, the communication manager 515 may send an indication of a subset of the set of beamforming weights related to subsequent transmissions by the first UE based on the determination.

[0105] In some examples, communication manager 515 may be implemented to achieve one or more potential advantages for UE 115. For example, by determining which sets of beamforming weights and transmit beams are causing interference to UE 115 at nearby UE 115, UE 115 may send subsequent signals to mitigate or reduce the interference at nearby UE 115. In this way, nearby UE 115 may have more efficient power usage by reducing the use of retransmissions of previously interference-affected downlink transmissions.

[0106] Transmitter 520 can transmit signals generated by other components of device 505. In some examples, transmitter 520 can be co-located with receiver 510 in a transceiver assembly. For example, transmitter 520 can be a reference Figure 8 Examples of aspects of the transceiver 820 are described. The transmitter 520 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of antennas.

[0107] Figure 6 A block diagram of a device 605 supporting beam training in a large bandwidth mmW system according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The device 605 may be an example of aspects of the device 505 or the UE 115. The device 605 may include a receiver 610, a communication manager 615, and a transmitter 660. The communication manager 615 may be implemented at least in part by one or both of a modem and a processor. Each of these components may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0108] The receiver 610 may receive information such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information related to beam training in large bandwidth mmW systems). The information may be delivered to other components of the device 605. The receiver 610 may be a reference Figure 8 Examples of aspects of the transceiver 820 are described. The receiver 610 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of antennas.

[0109] The communication manager 615 may include a beamforming weight component 620 , a beam training component 625 , a subset indication component 630 , an interference mitigation component 635 , a training process indication component 640 , a beam training process component 645 , an interference determination component 650 , and a beamforming weight subset indicator 655 .

[0110] The beamforming weight component 620 can determine a set of beamforming weights for uplink communication, each set of the beamforming weights corresponding to a corresponding transmit beam in the transmit beam set, each transmit beam in the transmit beam set having the same main lobe signal strength attribute as each other transmit beam in the transmit beam set, and each transmit beam in the transmit beam set also having one or more side lobe signal strength attributes that are different from one or more side lobe signal strength attributes of each other transmit beam in the transmit beam set.

[0111] The beam training component 625 can transmit a set of signals, each signal in the set of signals being transmitted on a corresponding transmit beam of the set of transmit beams.

[0112] The subset indicating component 630 may receive an indication of a subset of the set of beamforming weights after transmitting the set of signals based on at least a first transmit beam in the set of transmit beams corresponding to a first set of beamforming weights causing interference at the second UE.

[0113] Interference mitigation component 635 can transmit a second signal using a second set of the sets of beamforming weights based on the indication, the subset of the sets of beamforming weights including the second set of beamforming weights.

[0114] The training process indication component 640 can receive a training process from the first UE to determine an indication of one or more sets of beamforming weights in a set of beamforming weights that the first UE can use to send, each set in the set of beamforming weights corresponding to a corresponding transmit beam in a set of transmit beams, each transmit beam in the set of transmit beams having the same main lobe signal strength attribute as each other transmit beam in the set of transmit beams, and each transmit beam in the set of transmit beams also having one or more side lobe signal strength attributes that are different from one or more side lobe signal strength attributes of each other transmit beam in the set of transmit beams.

[0115] The beam training process component 645 can receive a set of signals from the first UE, each signal in the set of signals being received from a corresponding transmit beam in the set of transmit beams.

[0116] Interference determining component 650 can determine that one or more signals in the set of signals from the first UE interfere with reception of the second signal at the UE.

[0117] The beamforming weight subset indicator 655 may send an indication of a subset of the set of beamforming weights relevant to subsequent transmissions by the first UE based on the determination.

[0118] Based on the technique for receiving an indication of a subset of beamforming weights, the processor of the UE 115 (e.g., as described in reference Figure 8 The described control receiver 610, transmitter 660, or transceiver 820) can more efficiently determine a set of beamforming weights and transmit beams to use that cause less interference at nearby UEs 115. In this way, the processor of the UE 115 can reduce power usage at nearby UEs 115 by reducing interference at these nearby UEs 115.

[0119] Transmitter 660 can transmit signals generated by other components of device 605. In some examples, transmitter 660 can be co-located with receiver 610 in a transceiver component. For example, transmitter 660 can be a reference Figure 8 Examples of aspects of the transceiver 820 are described. The transmitter 660 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of antennas.

[0120] Figure 7A block diagram of a communication manager 705 supporting beam training in a large bandwidth mmW system according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The communication manager 705 may be an example of aspects of the communication manager 515, the communication manager 615, or the communication manager 810 described herein. The communication manager 705 may include a beamforming weight component 710, a beam training component 715, a subset indication component 720, an interference mitigation component 725, a signal measurement reporting component 730, a training process indication component 735, a beam training process component 740, an interference determination component 745, a beamforming weight subset indicator 750, and a signal measurement component 755. Each of these components may communicate with each other directly or indirectly (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0121] The beamforming weight component 710 can determine a set of beamforming weights for uplink communication, each set in the set of beamforming weights corresponding to a corresponding transmit beam in a set of transmit beams, each transmit beam in the set of transmit beams having the same main lobe signal strength attribute as each other transmit beam in the set of transmit beams, and each transmit beam in the set of transmit beams also having one or more side lobe signal strength attributes that are different from one or more side lobe signal strength attributes of each other transmit beam in the set of transmit beams. In some examples, the same main lobe signal strength attribute for each transmit beam in the set of transmit beams can include the main lobe associated with each corresponding transmit beam being within a threshold signal strength of the corresponding main lobe associated with each other transmit beam in the set of transmit beams. In some implementations, the same main lobe signal strength attribute can include one or more of the same peak beamforming array gain of the main lobe, the same peak beamforming array gain direction, the same main lobe beamwidth, or the same gain distribution. In some implementations, the first UE and the second UE can operate in a frequency range above 7.125 GHz.

[0122] The beam training component 715 can transmit a set of signals, each signal in the set of signals being transmitted on a corresponding transmit beam of the set of transmit beams. In some examples, the beam training component 715 can transmit the set of signals using each transmit beam of the set of transmit beams.

[0123] The subset indication component 720 may be based on at least a first transmit beam in a transmit beam set corresponding to a first beamforming weight set in a beamforming weight set causing interference at a second UE, after sending a signal set, to receive an indication of a subset in a beamforming weight set. In some examples, the subset indication component 720 may receive an indication of a separate beamforming weight set in a beamforming weight set to be used for subsequent transmission. In some examples, the subset indication component 720 may receive an indication of multiple beamforming weight sets in a beamforming weight set to be used for subsequent transmission. In some implementations, multiple beamforming weight sets in a beamforming weight set are sorted in order of increasing interference to subsequent transmissions. In some examples, the subset indication component 720 may receive an indication of one or more beamforming weight sets in a beamforming weight set that are not used for subsequent transmissions.

[0124] In some examples, subset indicating component 720 can receive an indication of a subset of the set of beamforming weights from a second UE via a sidelink message. Additionally or alternatively, subset indicating component 720 can receive an indication of a subset of the set of beamforming weights from a base station via a downlink message.

[0125] Interference mitigation component 725 can transmit a second signal using a second set of the sets of beamforming weights based on the indication, the subset of the sets of beamforming weights including the second set of beamforming weights.

[0126] The training process indication component 735 can receive a training process from the first UE to determine an indication of one or more sets of beamforming weights in a set of beamforming weights that the first UE can use to send, each set in the set of beamforming weights corresponding to a corresponding transmit beam in a set of transmit beams, each transmit beam in the set of transmit beams having the same main lobe signal strength attribute as each other transmit beam in the set of transmit beams, and each transmit beam in the set of transmit beams also having one or more side lobe signal strength attributes that are different from one or more side lobe signal strength attributes of each other transmit beam in the set of transmit beams.

[0127] The beam training process component 740 can receive a set of signals from the first UE, each signal in the set of signals being received from a corresponding transmit beam in the set of transmit beams. In some examples, the beam training process component 740 can receive the set of signals based on each set of beamforming weights.

[0128] Interference determining component 745 can determine that one or more signals in the set of signals from the first UE interfere with reception of a second signal at the UE.In some implementations, the second signal can include an uplink message from a base station, a sidelink message from an additional UE, or both.

[0129] The beamforming weight subset indicator 750 may send an indication of a subset of the beamforming weight set related to subsequent transmissions by the first UE based on the determination. In some examples, the beamforming weight subset indicator 750 may send an indication of a separate set of beamforming weights in the beamforming weight set to be used for subsequent transmissions by the first UE. In some examples, the beamforming weight subset indicator 750 may send an indication of multiple sets of beamforming weights in the beamforming weight set to be used for subsequent transmissions by the first UE. In some implementations, the multiple sets of beamforming weights in the beamforming weight set are sorted in order of increasing interference to the subsequent transmission. In some examples, the beamforming weight subset indicator 750 may send an indication of one or more sets of beamforming weights in the beamforming weight set that are not used for subsequent transmissions by the first UE.

[0130] In some examples, the beamforming weight subset indicator 750 can send an indication of a subset of the set of beamforming weights to the first UE via a sidelink message. Additionally or alternatively, the beamforming weight subset indicator 750 can send an indication of a subset of the set of beamforming weights to the base station via an uplink message.

[0131] The signal measurement reporting component 730 may receive a signal measurement report for each signal in the set of signals. In some examples, the signal measurement reporting component 730 may determine to send the second signal using a second set of beamforming weights based on the signal measurement report. In some implementations, the signal measurement report may include one or more of SNR, SINR, or RSRP.

[0132] The signal measurement component 755 may send a signal measurement report for each signal in the set of signals, wherein a subset of the set of beamforming weights is indicated based on the signal measurement report. In some implementations, the signal measurement report may include one or more of SNR, SINR, or RSRP.

[0133] Figure 8A diagram of a system including a device 805 that supports beam training in a large bandwidth mmW system according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The device 805 may be an example of or include components of a device 505, a device 605, or a UE 115. The device 805 may include components for two-way voice and data communications, including components for sending and receiving communications, including a communication manager 810, an I / O controller 815, a transceiver 820, an antenna 825, a memory 830, and a processor 840. These components may communicate electronically via one or more buses (e.g., a bus 845).

[0134] The communication manager 810 may determine a set of beamforming weights for uplink communication, each set in the set of beamforming weights corresponding to a corresponding transmit beam in a set of transmit beams, each transmit beam in the set of transmit beams having the same mainlobe signal strength attribute as each other transmit beam in the set of transmit beams, and each transmit beam in the set of transmit beams also having one or more sidelobe signal strength attributes that are different from one or more sidelobe signal strength attributes of each other transmit beam in the set of transmit beams. In addition, the communication manager 810 may send a set of signals, each signal in the set of signals being sent on a corresponding transmit beam in the set of transmit beams. In some implementations, the communication manager 810 may receive an indication of a subset of the set of beamforming weights after sending the set of signals based on at least a first transmit beam in the set of beamforming weights corresponding to a first set of beamforming weights in the set of beamforming weights that causes interference at a second UE. The communications manager 810 may then transmit a second signal using a second set of beamforming weights from among the sets of beamforming weights based on the indication, the subset of the sets of beamforming weights including the second set of beamforming weights.

[0135] Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 810 may receive from the first UE a training process to determine an indication of one or more sets of beamforming weights in a set of beamforming weights to be used by the first UE for transmission, each set in the set of beamforming weights corresponding to a corresponding transmit beam in a set of transmit beams, each transmit beam in the set of transmit beams having the same main lobe signal strength attribute as each other transmit beam in the set of transmit beams, and each transmit beam in the set of transmit beams also having one or more side lobe signal strength attributes that are different from one or more side lobe signal strength attributes of each other transmit beam in the set of transmit beams. Additionally, the communication manager 810 may receive from the first UE a set of signals, each signal in the set of signals being received from a corresponding transmit beam in the set of transmit beams. In some implementations, the communication manager 810 may determine that one or more signals in the set of signals from the first UE interfere with reception of a second signal at the UE. Subsequently, the communication manager 810 may send an indication of a subset of the set of beamforming weights related to subsequent transmissions by the first UE based on the determination.

[0136] I / O controller 815 can manage input and output signals of device 805. I / O controller 815 can also manage peripheral devices that are not integrated into device 805. In some implementations, I / O controller 815 can represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral device. In some implementations, I / O controller 815 can utilize an operating system, Or another known operating system. In other cases, I / O controller 815 may represent a modem, keyboard, mouse, touch screen, or similar device, or may interact with these devices. In some implementations, I / O controller 815 may be implemented as part of a processor. In some implementations, a user may interact with device 805 via I / O controller 1315 or via hardware components controlled by I / O controller 815.

[0137] The transceiver 820 can communicate bidirectionally via one or more antennas, wired or wireless links as described above. For example, the transceiver 820 can represent a wireless transceiver and can communicate bidirectionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver 820 can also include a modem to modulate packets and provide the modulated packets to the antenna for transmission, and demodulate packets received from the antenna.

[0138] In some implementations, a wireless device may include a single antenna 825. However, in some cases, a device may have more than one antenna 825 that may be capable of concurrently sending or receiving multiple wireless transmissions.

[0139] The memory 830 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM). The memory 830 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code 835, which includes instructions that, if executed, cause the processor to perform various functions described herein. In some implementations, the memory 830 may contain, among other things, a basic I / O system (BIOS), which may control basic hardware or software operations such as interaction with peripheral components or devices.

[0140] The processor 840 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), a central processing unit (CPU), a microcontroller, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic component, or one or more of discrete hardware components). In some implementations, the processor 840 may be configured to operate the memory array using a memory controller. In other cases, the memory controller may be integrated into the processor 840. The processor 840 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., memory 830) to cause the device 805 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks to support beam training in a large bandwidth mmW system).

[0141] The code 835 may include instructions for implementing various aspects of the present disclosure, including instructions for supporting wireless communications. The code 835 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as a system memory or other type of memory. In some implementations, the code 835 may not be directly executed by the processor 840, but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform the functions described herein.

[0142] Fig. 9 A block diagram of a device 905 supporting beam training in a large bandwidth mmW system according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The device 905 may be an example of aspects of a base station 105. The device 905 may include a receiver 910, a communication manager 915, and a transmitter 920. The communication manager 915 may be implemented at least in part by one or both of a modem and a processor. Each of these components may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0143] The receiver 910 may receive information such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information related to beam training in large bandwidth mmW systems). The information may be delivered to other components of the device 905. The receiver 910 may be a reference Fig.12 Examples of various aspects of the transceiver 1220 are described. The receiver 910 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of antennas.

[0144] The communication manager 915 may establish a communication link with the UE. In some implementations, the communication manager 915 may receive from the UE an indication of a subset of the set of beamforming weights related to subsequent transmissions by the first UE based on a first set of beamforming weights in the set of beamforming weights that caused interference at the UE. Additionally, the communication manager 915 may send to the device an indication of a subset of the set of beamforming weights based on receiving an indication of the subset of the set of beamforming weights from the second UE.

[0145] Transmitter 920 can transmit signals generated by other components of device 905. In some examples, transmitter 920 can be co-located with receiver 910 in a transceiver component. For example, transmitter 920 can be a reference Fig.12 Examples of various aspects of the transceiver 1220 are described. The transmitter 920 can utilize a single antenna or a collection of antennas.

[0146] Fig.10 A block diagram of a device 1005 supporting beam training in a large bandwidth mmW system according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The device 1005 may be an example of aspects of the device 905 or the base station 105. The device 1005 may include a receiver 1010, a communication manager 1015, and a transmitter 1035. The communication manager 1015 may be implemented at least in part by one or both of a modem and a processor. Each of these components may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0147] The receiver 1010 may receive information such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information related to beam training in large bandwidth mmW systems). The information may be delivered to other components of the device 1005. The receiver 1010 may be a reference Fig.12 Examples of various aspects of the transceiver 1220 are described. The receiver 1010 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of antennas.

[0148] The communication manager 1015 may include a communication link component 1020 , a beamforming weight subset component 1025 , and a subset indicator 1030 .

[0149] Communication link component 1020 can establish a communication link with the UE.Beamforming weight subset component 1025 can receive from the UE an indication of a subset of the set of beamforming weights related to subsequent transmissions by the first UE based on a first set of the sets of beamforming weights causing interference at the UE.

[0150] The subset indicator 1030 may send an indication of the subset of the set of beamforming weights to the device based on receiving the indication of the subset of the set of beamforming weights from the second UE.

[0151] Transmitter 1035 can transmit signals generated by other components of device 1005. In some examples, transmitter 1035 can be co-located with receiver 1010 in a transceiver component. For example, transmitter 1035 can be a reference Fig.12 Examples of various aspects of the transceiver 1220 are described. The transmitter 1035 can utilize a single antenna or a collection of antennas.

[0152] Fig.11 A block diagram of a communication manager 1105 supporting beam training in a large bandwidth mmW system according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The communication manager 1105 may be an example of aspects of the communication manager 915, the communication manager 1015, or the communication manager 1210 described herein. The communication manager 1105 may include a communication link component 1110, a beamforming weight subset component 1115, a subset indicator 1120, and a subset determination component 1125. Each of these components may communicate with each other directly or indirectly (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0153] The communication link component 1110 can establish a communication link with the UE.

[0154] The beamforming weight subset component 1115 may receive, from the UE, an indication of a subset of the beamforming weight sets related to subsequent transmissions by the first UE based on a first beamforming weight set in the beamforming weight sets that caused interference at the UE. In some implementations, each set in the beamforming weight sets corresponds to a corresponding transmit beam in the transmit beam set, each transmit beam in the transmit beam set having the same main lobe signal strength attribute as each other transmit beam in the transmit beam set, and each transmit beam in the transmit beam set also has one or more side lobe signal strength attributes that are different from one or more side lobe signal strength attributes of each other transmit beam in the transmit beam set. In some implementations, the base station, the first UE, and the UE may operate in a frequency range above 7.125 GHz.

[0155] The subset indicator 1120 may send an indication of a subset of the set of beamforming weights to the device based on receiving an indication of the subset of the set of beamforming weights from the second UE. In some examples, the subset indicator 1120 may send an indication of a separate set of beamforming weights in the set of beamforming weights to be used for subsequent transmissions by the first UE. In some examples, the subset indicator 1120 may send an indication of multiple sets of beamforming weights in the set of beamforming weights to be used for subsequent transmissions by the first UE. In some implementations, the multiple sets of beamforming weights in the set of beamforming weights are sorted in order of increasing interference to the subsequent transmission. In some examples, the subset indicator 1120 may send an indication of one or more sets of beamforming weights in the set of beamforming weights that are not used for subsequent transmissions by the first UE.

[0156] In some examples, subset indicator 1120 may send an indication of a subset of the set of beamforming weights to be sent to the first UE to the second base station. Additionally or alternatively, subset indicator 1120 may send an indication of a subset of the set of beamforming weights to the first UE.

[0157] The subset determination component 1125 can receive a signal measurement report from the UE for a set of signals transmitted by the first UE using a set of beamforming weights. In some examples, the subset determination component 1125 can determine a subset of the set of beamforming weights related to subsequent transmissions by the first UE based on the signal measurement report. In some implementations, the signal measurement report can include one or more of SNR, SINR, or RSRP.

[0158] Fig.12 A diagram of a system including a device 1205 supporting beam training in a large bandwidth mmW system according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The device 1205 may be an example of or include components of a device 905, a device 1005, or a base station 105 as described herein. The device 1205 may include components for two-way voice and data communications, including components for sending and receiving communications, including a communication manager 1210, a network communication manager 1215, a transceiver 1220, an antenna 1225, a memory 1230, a processor 1240, and an inter-station communication manager 1245. These components may be in electronic communication via one or more buses (e.g., bus 1250).

[0159] The communication manager 1210 may establish a communication link with the UE. In some implementations, the communication manager 1210 may receive from the UE an indication of a subset of a set of beamforming weights related to subsequent transmissions of the first UE based on a first set of beamforming weights in the set of beamforming weights that caused interference at the UE. In addition, the communication manager 1210 may send an indication of a subset of a set of beamforming weights to the device based on receiving an indication of a subset of a set of beamforming weights from a second UE.

[0160] The network communications manager 1215 may manage communications with the core network (eg, via one or more wired backhaul links). For example, the network communications manager 1215 may manage the sending of data communications for client devices such as one or more UEs 115.

[0161] The transceiver 1220 can communicate bidirectionally via one or more antennas, wired or wireless links as described above. For example, the transceiver 1220 can represent a wireless transceiver and can communicate bidirectionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver 1220 can also include a modem to modulate packets and provide the modulated packets to the antenna for transmission, and demodulate packets received from the antenna.

[0162] In some implementations, a wireless device may include a single antenna 1225. However, in some cases, a device may have more than one antenna 1225 that may be capable of concurrently sending or receiving multiple wireless transmissions.

[0163] The memory 1230 may include one or more of RAM or ROM. The memory 1230 may store computer readable code 1235, which includes instructions that, if executed by a processor (e.g., processor 1240), cause the device to perform various functions described herein. In some implementations, the memory 1230 may include, among other things, a BIOS, which may control basic hardware or software operations such as interaction with peripheral components or devices.

[0164] The processor 1240 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, a microcontroller, an ASIC, an FPGA, a programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic component, or one or more of discrete hardware components). In some implementations, the processor 1240 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some implementations, the memory controller may be integrated into the processor 1240. The processor 1240 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., memory 1230) to cause the device 1205 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks to support beam training in a large bandwidth mmW system).

[0165] The inter-site communication manager 1245 can manage communications with other base stations 105 and can include a controller or scheduler for coordinating with other base stations 105 to control communications with UE 115. For example, the inter-site communication manager 1245 can coordinate the scheduling of transmissions to UE 115 for various interference mitigation techniques such as beamforming or joint transmission. In some examples, the inter-site communication manager 1245 can provide an X2 interface within an LTE / LTE-A wireless communication network technology to provide communications between base stations 105.

[0166] The code 1235 may include instructions for implementing various aspects of the present disclosure, including instructions for supporting wireless communications. The code 1235 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as a system memory or other type of memory. In some implementations, the code 1235 may not be directly executed by the processor 1240, but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform the functions described herein.

[0167] Fig.13 1 is a flowchart illustrating a method 1300 for supporting beam training in a large bandwidth mmW system according to aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1300 may be implemented by the UE 115 or a component thereof. For example, the operations of the method 1300 may be implemented by the UE 115 as described in reference to FIG. Figure 5-Figure 8 The communication manager described herein performs. In some examples, the UE may execute an instruction set to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the functions described below. Additionally or alternatively, the UE may use dedicated hardware to perform various aspects of the functions described below.

[0168] At 1305, the UE may determine a set of beamforming weights for uplink communication, each set of the beamforming weights corresponding to a corresponding transmit beam in a set of transmit beams, each transmit beam in the set of transmit beams having the same mainlobe signal strength attribute as each other transmit beam in the set of transmit beams, and each transmit beam in the set of transmit beams also having one or more sidelobe signal strength attributes that are different from one or more sidelobe signal strength attributes of each other transmit beam in the set of transmit beams. The operations of 1305 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1305 may be performed as described in reference to Figure 5-Figure 8 The beamforming weight components described are performed.

[0169] At 1310, the UE may transmit a set of signals, each signal in the set of signals being transmitted on a corresponding transmit beam of the set of transmit beams. The operations of 1310 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1310 may be performed as described in reference to Figure 5-Figure 8 The beam training component described is performed.

[0170] At 1315, the UE may receive an indication of a subset of the set of beamforming weights after sending the set of signals based on at least a first transmit beam in the set of transmit beams corresponding to a first set of beamforming weights in the set of beamforming weights causing interference at the second UE. The operations of 1315 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1315 may be performed as described in reference to Figure 5-Figure 8 The described subset instructs the component to perform.

[0171] At 1320, the UE may use a second set of beamforming weights in the sets of beamforming weights based on the indication to send a second signal, the subset of the sets of beamforming weights including the second set of beamforming weights. The operations of 1320 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1320 may be performed as described in reference to Figure 5-Figure 8 The described interference mitigation components are performed.

[0172] Fig.14 1400 is shown as a flow chart illustrating a method 1400 for supporting beam training in a large bandwidth mmW system according to aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1400 may be implemented by the UE 115 or a component thereof. For example, the operations of the method 1400 may be implemented by the UE 115 as described in reference to FIG. Figure 5-Figure 8 The communication manager described herein performs. In some examples, the UE may execute an instruction set to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the functions described below. Additionally or alternatively, the UE may use dedicated hardware to perform various aspects of the functions described below.

[0173] At 1405, the UE may determine a set of beamforming weights for uplink communication, each set of the beamforming weights corresponding to a corresponding transmit beam in a set of transmit beams, each transmit beam in the set of transmit beams having the same mainlobe signal strength attribute as each other transmit beam in the set of transmit beams, and each transmit beam in the set of transmit beams also having one or more sidelobe signal strength attributes that are different from one or more sidelobe signal strength attributes of each other transmit beam in the set of transmit beams. The operations of 1405 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1405 may be performed as described in reference to Figure 5-Figure 8 The beamforming weight components described are performed.

[0174] At 1410, the UE may transmit a set of signals, each signal in the set of signals being transmitted on a corresponding transmit beam of the set of transmit beams. The operations of 1410 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1410 may be performed as described in reference to Figure 5-8 The beam training component described is performed.

[0175] At 1415, the UE may receive an indication of a subset of the set of beamforming weights after sending the set of signals based on at least a first transmit beam in the set of transmit beams corresponding to a first set of beamforming weights in the set of beamforming weights causing interference at the second UE 115. The operations of 1415 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1415 may be performed as described with reference to Figure 5-Figure 8 The described subset instructs the component to perform.

[0176] At 1420, the UE may receive a signal measurement report for each signal in the signal set. The operations of 1420 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1420 may be performed as described in reference to Figure 5-Figure 8 The signal measurement reporting component described is performed.

[0177] At 1425, the UE may determine to send a second signal using a second set of beamforming weights based on the signal measurement report. The operations of 1425 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1425 may be performed as described in reference to Figure 5-Figure 8 The signal measurement reporting component described is performed.

[0178] At 1430, the UE may transmit a second signal using a second set of beamforming weights in the set of beamforming weights based on the indication, wherein the subset of the set of beamforming weights includes the second set of beamforming weights. The operation of 1430 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1430 may be performed as described in reference to Figure 5-Figure 8 The described interference mitigation components are performed.

[0179] Fig.15 1 is a flowchart illustrating a method 1500 for supporting beam training in a large bandwidth mmW system according to aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1500 may be implemented by the UE 115 or a component thereof. For example, the operations of the method 1500 may be implemented by the UE 115 as described in reference to FIG. Figure 5-Figure 8 The communication manager described herein performs. In some examples, the UE may execute an instruction set to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the functions described below. Additionally or alternatively, the UE may use dedicated hardware to perform various aspects of the functions described below.

[0180] At 1505, the UE may determine a set of beamforming weights for uplink communication, each set of the beamforming weights corresponding to a corresponding transmit beam in a set of transmit beams, each transmit beam in the set of transmit beams having a main lobe signal strength attribute that is the same as each other transmit beam in the set of transmit beams, and each transmit beam in the set of transmit beams also having one or more side lobe signal strength attributes that are different from one or more side lobe signal strength attributes of each other transmit beam in the set of transmit beams. The operations of 1505 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1505 may be performed as described in reference to Figure 5-Figure 8 The beamforming weight components described are performed.

[0181] At 1510, the UE may transmit a set of signals, each signal in the set of signals being transmitted on a corresponding transmit beam of the set of transmit beams. The operations of 1510 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1510 may be performed as described in reference to Figure 5-Figure 8 The beam training component described is performed.

[0182] At 1515, the UE may receive an indication of a subset of the set of beamforming weights after sending the set of signals based on at least a first transmit beam in the set of transmit beams corresponding to a first set of beamforming weights in the set of beamforming weights causing interference at the second UE. The operations of 1515 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1515 may be performed as described in reference to Figure 5-Figure 8 The described subset instructs the component to perform.

[0183] At 1520, the UE may receive an indication of a separate set of beamforming weights in the set of beamforming weights to be used for subsequent transmissions. The operations of 1520 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1520 may be as described with reference to Figure 5-Figure 8 The described subset instructs the component to perform.

[0184] At 1525, the UE may transmit a second signal using a second set of beamforming weights in the set of beamforming weights based on the indication, the subset of the set of beamforming weights including the second set of beamforming weights. The operations of 1525 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1525 may be performed as described in reference to Figure 5-Figure 8 The described interference mitigation components are performed.

[0185] Fig.161 is a flowchart illustrating a method 1600 for supporting beam training in a large bandwidth mmW system according to aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1600 may be implemented by the UE 115 or a component thereof. For example, the operations of the method 1600 may be implemented by the UE 115 as described in reference to FIG. Figure 5-Figure 8 The communication manager described herein performs. In some examples, the UE may execute an instruction set to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the functions described below. Additionally or alternatively, the UE may use dedicated hardware to perform various aspects of the functions described below.

[0186] At 1605, the UE may determine a set of beamforming weights for uplink communication, each set of the beamforming weights corresponding to a corresponding transmit beam in a set of transmit beams, each transmit beam in the set of transmit beams having the same mainlobe signal strength attribute as each other transmit beam in the set of transmit beams, and each transmit beam in the set of transmit beams also having one or more sidelobe signal strength attributes that are different from one or more sidelobe signal strength attributes of each other transmit beam in the set of transmit beams. The operations of 1605 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1605 may be performed as described in reference to Figure 5-Figure 8 The beamforming weight components described are performed.

[0187] At 1610, the UE may transmit a set of signals, each signal in the set of signals being transmitted on a corresponding transmit beam of the set of transmit beams. The operations of 1610 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1610 may be performed as described in reference to Figure 5-Figure 8 The beam training component described is performed.

[0188] At 1615, the UE may receive an indication of a subset of the set of beamforming weights after sending the set of signals based on at least a first transmit beam in the set of transmit beams corresponding to a first set of beamforming weights in the set of beamforming weights causing interference at the second UE. The operations of 1615 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1615 may be performed as described in reference to Figure 5-Figure 8 The described subset instructs the component to perform.

[0189] At 1620, the UE may receive an indication of a plurality of beamforming weight sets to be used for subsequent transmissions in the beamforming weight set. The operations of 1620 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1620 may be as described with reference to Figure 5-Figure 8 The described subset instructs the component to perform.

[0190] At 1625, the UE may send a second signal using a second set of beamforming weights in the set of beamforming weights based on the indication, the subset of the set of beamforming weights including the second set of beamforming weights. The operation of 1625 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1625 may be performed as described in reference to Figure 5-Figure 8 The described interference mitigation components are performed.

[0191] Fig.17 1 is a flowchart illustrating a method 1700 for supporting beam training in a large bandwidth mmW system according to aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1700 may be implemented by the UE 115 or a component thereof. For example, the operations of the method 1700 may be implemented by the UE 115 as described in reference to FIG. Figure 5-Figure 8 The communication manager described herein performs. In some examples, the UE may execute an instruction set to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the functions described below. Additionally or alternatively, the UE may use dedicated hardware to perform various aspects of the functions described below.

[0192] At 1705, the UE may determine a set of beamforming weights for uplink communication, each set of the beamforming weights corresponding to a corresponding transmit beam in a set of transmit beams, each transmit beam in the set of transmit beams having the same mainlobe signal strength attribute as each other transmit beam in the set of transmit beams, and each transmit beam in the set of transmit beams also having one or more sidelobe signal strength attributes that are different from one or more sidelobe signal strength attributes of each other transmit beam in the set of transmit beams. The operations of 1705 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1705 may be performed as described in reference to Figure 5-Figure 8 The beamforming weight components described are performed.

[0193] At 1710, the UE may transmit a set of signals, each signal in the set of signals being transmitted on a corresponding transmit beam of the set of transmit beams. The operations of 1710 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1710 may be performed as described in reference to Figure 5-Figure 8 The beam training component described is performed.

[0194] At 1715, the UE may receive an indication of a subset of the set of beamforming weights after sending the set of signals based on at least a first transmit beam in the set of transmit beams corresponding to a first set of beamforming weights in the set of beamforming weights causing interference at the second UE. The operations of 1715 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1715 may be performed as described in reference to Figure 5-Figure 8 The described subset instructs the component to perform.

[0195] At 1720, the UE may receive an indication of one or more of the beamforming weight sets that are not used for subsequent transmissions. The operations of 1720 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1720 may be performed as described in reference to Figure 5-Figure 8 The described subset instructs the component to perform.

[0196] At 1725, the UE may send a second signal using a second set of beamforming weights in the set of beamforming weights based on the indication, the subset of the set of beamforming weights including the second set of beamforming weights. The operations of 1725 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1725 may be performed as described in reference to Figure 5-Figure 8 The described interference mitigation components are performed.

[0197] Fig.18 1 is a flowchart illustrating a method 1800 for supporting beam training in a large bandwidth mmW system according to aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1800 may be implemented by the UE 115 or a component thereof. For example, the operations of the method 1800 may be implemented by the UE 115 as described in reference to FIG. Figure 5-Figure 8 The communication manager described herein performs. In some examples, the UE may execute an instruction set to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the functions described below. Additionally or alternatively, the UE may use dedicated hardware to perform various aspects of the functions described below.

[0198] At 1805, the UE may receive from the first UE a training procedure to determine an indication of one or more sets of beamforming weights in a set of beamforming weights that the first UE may use for transmission, each set in the set of beamforming weights corresponding to a respective transmit beam in a set of transmit beams, each transmit beam in the set of transmit beams having a mainlobe signal strength attribute that is the same as each other transmit beam in the set of transmit beams, and each transmit beam in the set of transmit beams also having one or more sidelobe signal strength attributes that are different from one or more sidelobe signal strength attributes of each other transmit beam in the set of transmit beams. The operations of 1805 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1805 may be performed as described with reference to Figure 5-Figure 8 The described training process instructs the components to perform.

[0199] At 1810, the UE may receive a set of signals from a first UE, each signal in the set of signals being received from a corresponding transmit beam in the set of transmit beams. The operations of 1810 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1810 may be performed as described in reference to Figure 5-Figure 8 The beam training process described is performed by components.

[0200] At 1815, the UE may determine that one or more signals in the set of signals from the first UE interfere with reception of the second signal at the UE. The operations of 1815 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1815 may be performed as described in reference to Figure 5-Figure 8 The interference determination component described is performed.

[0201] At 1820, the UE may send an indication of a subset of the set of beamforming weights related to subsequent transmissions by the first UE based on the determination. The operations of 1820 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1820 may be as described in reference to Figure 5-Figure 8 The beamforming weight subset indicator described above is performed.

[0202] Fig.19 A flow chart illustrating a method 1900 for supporting beam training in a large bandwidth mmW system according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The operations of the method 1900 may be implemented by the UE 115 or a component thereof. For example, the operations of the method 1900 may be implemented by the UE 115 as described in reference to FIG. Figure 5-Figure 8 The communication manager described herein performs. In some examples, the UE may execute an instruction set to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the functions described below. Additionally or alternatively, the UE may use dedicated hardware to perform various aspects of the functions described below.

[0203] At 1905, the UE may receive from the first UE a training process to determine an indication of one or more sets of beamforming weights in a set of beamforming weights that the first UE may use for transmission, each set in the set of beamforming weights corresponding to a respective transmit beam in a set of transmit beams, each transmit beam in the set of transmit beams having a mainlobe signal strength attribute that is the same as each other transmit beam in the set of transmit beams, and each transmit beam in the set of transmit beams also having one or more sidelobe signal strength attributes that are different from one or more sidelobe signal strength attributes of each other transmit beam in the set of transmit beams. The operations of 1905 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1905 may be performed as described with reference to Figure 5-Figure 8 The described training process instructs the components to perform.

[0204] At 1910, the UE may receive a set of signals from a first UE, each signal in the set of signals being received from a corresponding transmit beam in the set of transmit beams. The operations of 1910 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1910 may be performed as described in reference to Figure 5-Figure 8 The beam training process described is performed by components.

[0205] At 1915, the UE may determine that one or more signals in the set of signals from the first UE interfere with reception of the second signal at the UE. The operations of 1915 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1915 may be performed as described in reference to Figure 5-Figure 8 The interference determination component described is performed.

[0206] At 1920, the UE may send an indication of a subset of the set of beamforming weights related to subsequent transmissions by the first UE based on the determination. The operations of 1920 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1920 may be as described in reference to Figure 5-Figure 8 The beamforming weight subset indicator described above is performed.

[0207] At 1925, the UE may send an indication of a subset of the set of beamforming weights to the first UE via a sidelink message. The operations of 1925 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1925 may be as described in reference to Figure 5-Figure 8 The beamforming weight subset indicator described above is performed.

[0208] Fig. 20 1 is a flowchart illustrating a method 2000 for supporting beam training in a large bandwidth mmW system according to aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 2000 may be implemented by the UE 115 or a component thereof. For example, the operations of the method 2000 may be implemented by the UE 115 as described in reference to FIG. Figure 5-Figure 8 The communication manager described herein performs. In some examples, the UE may execute an instruction set to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the functions described below. Additionally or alternatively, the UE may use dedicated hardware to perform various aspects of the functions described below.

[0209] At 2005, the UE may receive from the first UE a training procedure to determine an indication of one or more sets of beamforming weights in a set of beamforming weights that the first UE may use for transmission, each set in the set of beamforming weights corresponding to a respective transmit beam in a set of transmit beams, each transmit beam in the set of transmit beams having a mainlobe signal strength attribute that is the same as each other transmit beam in the set of transmit beams, and each transmit beam in the set of transmit beams also having one or more sidelobe signal strength attributes that are different from one or more sidelobe signal strength attributes of each other transmit beam in the set of transmit beams. The operations of 2005 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2005 may be performed as described with reference to Figure 5-Figure 8 The described training process instructs the components to perform.

[0210] At 2010, the UE may receive a set of signals from the first UE, each signal in the set of signals being received from a corresponding transmit beam in the set of transmit beams. The operations of 2010 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2010 may be performed as described in reference to Figure 5-Figure 8 The beam training process described is performed by components.

[0211] At 2015, the UE may determine that one or more signals in the set of signals from the first UE interfere with reception of the second signal at the UE. The operations of 2015 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2015 may be performed as described in reference to Figure 5-Figure 8 The interference determination component described is performed.

[0212] At 2020, the UE may send an indication of a subset of the set of beamforming weights related to subsequent transmissions by the first UE based on the determination. The operations of 2020 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2020 may be performed as described in reference to Figure 5-Figure 8 The beamforming weight subset indicator described above is performed.

[0213] At 2025, the UE may send an indication of the subset of the set of beamforming weights to the base station via an uplink message. The operations of 2025 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2025 may be performed as described in reference to Figure 5-Figure 8 The beamforming weight subset indicator described above is performed.

[0214] Fig.21 A flow chart illustrating a method 2100 for supporting beam training in a large bandwidth mmW system according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The operations of the method 2100 may be implemented by the base station 105 or components thereof, as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 2100 may be implemented by the base station 105 or components thereof, as described herein. Figure 9-12 The communication manager described herein performs. In some examples, the base station may execute an instruction set to control the functional elements of the base station to perform the functions described below. Additionally or alternatively, the base station may use dedicated hardware to perform various aspects of the functions described below.

[0215] At 2105, the base station may establish a communication link with the UE. The operations of 2105 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2105 may be performed as described in reference to Figure 9-12 The described communication link components are implemented.

[0216] At 2110, the base station may receive, from the UE, an indication of a subset of the set of beamforming weights related to subsequent transmissions of the first UE based on the first set of beamforming weights in the set of beamforming weights that cause interference at the UE. The operations of 2110 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2110 may be performed as described in reference to Figure 9-12 The described beamforming weight subset component is performed.

[0217] At 2115, the base station may send an indication of the subset of the set of beamforming weights to the device based on receiving the indication of the subset of the set of beamforming weights from the second UE. The operations of 2115 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2115 may be performed as described in reference to Figure 9-12 The described subset indicator is executed.

[0218] The following provides an overview of various aspects of the present disclosure:

[0219] Aspect 1: A method for wireless communication at a first UE, the method comprising: determining a set of beamforming weights for uplink communication, each set in the set of beamforming weights corresponding to a corresponding transmit beam in a set of transmit beams, each transmit beam in the set of transmit beams having the same main lobe signal strength attribute as each other transmit beam in the set of transmit beams, and each transmit beam in the set of transmit beams also having one or more side lobe signal strength attributes that are different from one or more side lobe signal strength attributes of each other transmit beam in the set of transmit beams; sending a set of signals, each signal in the set of signals being sent on a corresponding transmit beam in the set of transmit beams, at least in part based on at least a first transmit beam in the set of transmit beams corresponding to a first set of beamforming weights in the set of beamforming weights causing interference at a second UE, after sending the set of signals, receiving an indication of a subset in the set of beamforming weights, and sending a second signal using a second set of beamforming weights in the set of beamforming weights based at least in part on the indication, the set of beamforming weights comprising the second set of beamforming weights.

[0220] Aspect 2: According to the method of aspect 1, the method also includes: receiving a signal measurement report for each signal in the signal set; and determining to use a second beamforming weight set to send a second signal based at least in part on the signal measurement report.

[0221] Aspect 3: The method according to aspect 2, wherein the signal measurement report includes one or more of a signal-to-noise ratio, a signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio, or a reference signal received power.

[0222] Aspect 4: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 3, wherein receiving an indication of a subset of the set of beamforming weights comprises receiving an indication of a separate set of beamforming weights in the set of beamforming weights to be used for subsequent transmission.

[0223] Aspect 5: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 4, wherein receiving an indication of the subset of the set of beamforming weights comprises receiving an indication of a plurality of the sets of beamforming weights to be used for subsequent transmissions.

[0224] Aspect 6: The method according to aspect 5, wherein the plurality of beamforming weight sets in the beamforming weight set are sorted in order of increasing interference to subsequent transmission.

[0225] Aspect 7: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 6, wherein receiving an indication of a subset of the set of beamforming weights comprises receiving an indication of one or more sets of beamforming weights in the set of beamforming weights that are not used for subsequent transmission.

[0226] Aspect 8: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 7, wherein receiving an indication of the subset of the set of beamforming weights comprises receiving an indication of the subset of the set of beamforming weights from a second UE via a sidelink message.

[0227] Aspect 9: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 8, wherein receiving an indication of the subset of the set of beamforming weights comprises receiving an indication of the subset of the set of beamforming weights from a base station via a downlink message.

[0228] Aspect 10: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 9, wherein transmitting the set of signals comprises transmitting the set of signals using each transmit beam in the set of transmit beams.

[0229] Aspect 11: A method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 10, wherein the same main lobe signal strength attributes include one or more of the same peak beamforming array gain of the main lobe, the same peak beamforming array gain direction, the same main lobe beamwidth or the same gain distribution.

[0230] Aspect 12: A method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 11, wherein the same main lobe signal strength attribute of each transmit beam in the transmit beam set includes the main lobe associated with each corresponding transmit beam being within a threshold signal strength of the corresponding main lobe associated with each other transmit beam in the transmit beam set.

[0231] Aspect 13: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 12, wherein the first UE and the second UE operate in a frequency range higher than 7.125 GHz.

[0232] Aspect 14: A method for wireless communication at a UE, the method comprising: receiving an indication of one or more beamforming weight sets in a set of beamforming weights to be used by the first UE for transmission during a training process, each set in the set of beamforming weights corresponding to a corresponding transmit beam in a set of transmit beams, each transmit beam in the set of transmit beams having the same mainlobe signal strength attribute as each other transmit beam in the set of transmit beams, and each transmit beam in the set of transmit beams also having one or more sidelobe signal strength attributes that are different from one or more sidelobe signal strength attributes of each transmit beam in the other transmit beams in the set of transmit beams; receiving a signal set from the first UE, each signal in the signal set being received from a corresponding transmit beam in the set of transmit beams; determining that one or more signals in the set of signals from the first UE interfere with reception of a second signal at the UE; and sending an indication of a subset of the set of beamforming weights related to subsequent transmissions by the first UE based at least in part on the determination.

[0233] Aspect 15: The method according to Aspect 14, further comprising sending a signal measurement report for each signal in the set of signals, wherein the subset of the set of beamforming weights is indicated based at least in part on the signal measurement report.

[0234] Aspect 16: The method according to Aspect 15, wherein the signal measurement report comprises one or more of a signal-to-noise ratio, a signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio, or a reference signal received power.

[0235] Aspect 17: The method according to any one of aspects 15 to 16, wherein the second signal comprises an uplink message from the base station, a sidelink message from the additional UE, or both.

[0236] Aspect 18: A method according to any one of aspects 14 to 17, wherein sending an indication of a subset of the set of beamforming weights comprises sending an indication of a separate set of beamforming weights in the set of beamforming weights to be used for subsequent transmissions by the first UE.

[0237] Aspect 19: A method according to any one of aspects 14 to 18, wherein sending an indication of the subset of the set of beamforming weights comprises sending an indication of multiple sets of beamforming weights in the set of beamforming weights to be used for subsequent transmissions by the first UE.

[0238] Aspect 20: The method according to Aspect 19, wherein the plurality of beamforming weight sets in the beamforming weight set are sorted in order of increasing interference to subsequent transmissions.

[0239] Aspect 21: A method according to any one of Aspects 14 to 20, wherein sending an indication of a subset of the set of beamforming weights includes sending an indication of one or more sets of beamforming weights in the set of beamforming weights that are not used for subsequent transmissions of the first UE.

[0240] Aspect 22: The method according to any one of aspects 14 to 21, wherein receiving the set of signals comprises receiving the set of signals based at least in part on each of the sets of beamforming weights.

[0241] Aspect 23: A method according to any one of aspects 14 to 22, wherein sending an indication of the subset of the set of beamforming weights comprises sending an indication of the subset of the set of beamforming weights to the first UE via a sidelink message.

[0242] Aspect 24: The method according to any one of aspects 14 to 23, wherein sending the indication of the subset of the set of beamforming weights comprises sending the indication of the subset of the set of beamforming weights to the base station via an uplink message.

[0243] Aspect 25: A method according to any one of Aspects 14 to 24, wherein the same mainlobe signal strength attributes include one or more of the same peak beamforming array gain of the mainlobe, the same peak beamforming array gain direction, the same mainlobe beamwidth, or the same gain distribution.

[0244] Aspect 26: The method according to any one of aspects 14 to 25, wherein the main lobes of each beamforming weight in the set of beamforming weights are within a threshold signal strength of each other.

[0245] Aspect 27: The method according to any one of aspects 14 to 26, wherein the UE and the first UE operate in a frequency range higher than 7.125 GHz.

[0246] Aspect 28: A method for wireless communication at a base station, the method comprising: establishing a communication link with a UE; receiving, from the UE, an indication of a subset of the beamforming weight set related to subsequent transmissions by the first UE based on a first beamforming weight set in the beamforming weight set that causes interference at the UE; and sending an indication of the subset of the beamforming weight set to a device based on receiving an indication of the subset of the beamforming weight set from a second UE.

[0247] Aspect 29: According to the method of Aspect 28, the method also includes: receiving a signal measurement report from the UE for a set of signals sent by the first UE using the beamforming weight set; and determining a subset of the beamforming weight set related to subsequent transmissions of the first UE based at least in part on the signal measurement report.

[0248] Aspect 30: The method according to aspect 29, wherein the signal measurement report includes one or more of a signal-to-noise ratio, a signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio, or a reference signal received power.

[0249] Aspect 31: A method according to any one of aspects 28 to 30, wherein sending an indication of the subset of the set of beamforming weights comprises sending an indication of a separate set of beamforming weights in the set of beamforming weights to be used for subsequent transmissions by the first UE.

[0250] Aspect 32: A method according to any one of aspects 28 to 31, wherein sending an indication of the subset of the set of beamforming weights comprises sending an indication of multiple sets of beamforming weights in the set of beamforming weights to be used for subsequent transmissions by the first UE.

[0251] Aspect 33: The method according to Aspect 32, wherein the plurality of beamforming weight sets in the beamforming weight set are sorted in order of increasing interference to subsequent transmissions.

[0252] Aspect 34: A method according to any one of Aspects 28 to 33, wherein sending an indication of a subset of the set of beamforming weights includes sending an indication of one or more sets of beamforming weights in the set of beamforming weights that are not used for subsequent transmissions of the first UE.

[0253] Aspect 35: The method according to any one of aspects 28 to 34, wherein sending an indication of a subset of the set of beamforming weights comprises sending an indication of a subset of the set of beamforming weights to be sent to the first UE to the second base station.

[0254] Aspect 36: The method according to any one of aspects 28 to 35, wherein sending an indication of the subset of the set of beamforming weights comprises sending an indication of the subset of the set of beamforming weights to the first UE.

[0255] Aspect 37: A method according to any one of Aspects 28 to 36, wherein each set in the beamforming weight set corresponds to a corresponding transmit beam in the transmit beam set, each transmit beam in the transmit beam set has the same main lobe signal strength attribute as each other transmit beam in the transmit beam set, and each transmit beam in the transmit beam set also has one or more side lobe signal strength attributes that are different from one or more side lobe signal strength attributes of each other transmit beam in the transmit beam set.

[0256] Aspect 38: The method according to any one of aspects 28 to 37, wherein the base station, the first UE and the UE operate in a frequency range higher than 7.125 GHz.

[0257] Aspect 39: An apparatus for wireless communication at a UE, the apparatus comprising: a processor; a memory coupled to the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform the method of any one of aspects 1 to 13.

[0258] Aspect 40: An apparatus for wireless communication at a UE, the apparatus comprising at least one component for performing the method according to any one of aspects 1 to 13.

[0259] Aspect 41: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a UE, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the method according to any one of aspects 1 to 13.

[0260] Aspect 42: An apparatus for wireless communication at a UE, the apparatus comprising: a processor; a memory coupled to the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform the method of any one of aspects 14 to 27.

[0261] Aspect 43: An apparatus for wireless communication at a UE, the apparatus comprising at least one component for performing the method of any one of aspects 14 to 27.

[0262] Aspect 44: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a UE, the non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the method according to any one of aspects 14 to 27.

[0263] Aspect 45: An apparatus for wireless communication at a base station, the apparatus comprising: a processor; a memory coupled to the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform the method of any one of Aspects 28 to 38.

[0264] Aspect 46: An apparatus for wireless communication at a base station, the apparatus comprising at least one component for performing the method according to any one of aspects 28 to 38.

[0265] Aspect 47: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a UE, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the method according to any one of aspects 28 to 38.

[0266] It should be noted that the methods described herein describe possible implementations, and that the operations and steps may be rearranged or otherwise modified, and other implementations are possible. Furthermore, aspects from two or more of the methods may be combined.

[0267] Although aspects of LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR systems may be described for example purposes, and LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR terminology may be used in many descriptions, the techniques described herein are applicable outside of LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR networks. For example, the described techniques may be applicable to various other wireless communication systems, such as Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDM, and other systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein.

[0268] The information and signals described herein may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be mentioned throughout the specification may be represented by one or more of voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles.

[0269] The various illustrative blocks and components described in conjunction with the disclosure herein may be implemented or performed with one or more of a general purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, a CPU, an FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, or discrete hardware components designed to perform the functions described herein. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor may be any processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration).

[0270] The functions described herein may be implemented in one or more of hardware, software executed by a processor, or firmware. If implemented in software executed by a processor, the functions may be stored on or sent via a computer-readable medium as one or more instructions or codes. Other examples and implementations are within the scope of this disclosure and the appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, the functions described herein may be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hard wiring, or any combination of these. Features that implement the functions may also be physically located in various locations, including being distributed so that parts of the functions are implemented at different physical locations.

[0271] Computer-readable media include both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media, and communication media include any media that helps to send a computer program from one place to another.Non-transitory storage media can be any available media that can be accessed by a general or special computer.As an example and not limitation, non-transitory computer-readable media may include random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), flash memory, compact disk (CD) ROM or other optical disk storage, disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or can be used to carry or store required program codes in the form of instructions or data structures and can be accessed by a general or special computer or a general or special processor.Any other non-transitory medium.In addition, any connection is appropriately referred to as a computer-readable medium.For example, if software is sent from a website, server or other remote source using coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL) or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio and microwaves, coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio and microwaves are included in the definition of computer-readable media. As used herein, disk and disc include CDs, laser discs, optical discs, digital versatile discs (DVDs), floppy disks and Blu-ray discs where disks usually reproduce data magnetically, while discs reproduce data optically with lasers. Combinations of the above are also included within the scope of computer-readable media.

[0272] As used herein, including in the claims, "or" as used in a list of items (e.g., a list of items beginning with a phrase such as "at least one" or "one or more") indicates an inclusive list, so that, for example, a list of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C). In addition, as used herein, the phrase "based on" should not be interpreted as a reference to a set of closed conditions. For example, an exemplary step described as "based on condition A" can be based on both condition A and condition B without departing from the scope of this disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase "based on" should be interpreted in the same manner as the phrase "based at least in part on."

[0273] In the drawings, similar components or features may have the same reference number. In addition, various components of the same type may be distinguished by following the reference number with a dash and a second reference number that distinguishes between the similar components. If only the first reference number is used in the specification, the description applies to any of the similar components having the same first reference number, regardless of the second reference number or other subsequent reference numbers.

[0274] Example configurations are described herein in conjunction with the implementations set forth in the accompanying drawings and do not represent all examples that may be implemented or within the scope of the claims. The term "example" as used herein means "used as an example, instance, or illustration," rather than "preferred" or "superior to other examples." In order to provide an understanding of the described techniques, the detailed description includes specific details. However, these techniques may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form to avoid obscuring the concepts of the described examples.

[0275] The description herein is provided to enable those skilled in the art to make or use the present disclosure. Various modifications to the present disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. The present disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein, but should be given the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for wireless communication at a first user equipment UE, comprising: determining a set of beamforming weights for uplink communication, each of the sets of beamforming weights corresponding to a respective transmit beam in a set of transmit beams, each transmit beam in the set of transmit beams having a mainlobe signal strength attribute that is the same as each other transmit beam in the set of transmit beams, and each transmit beam in the set of transmit beams also having one or more sidelobe signal strength attributes that are different from one or more sidelobe signal strength attributes of each other transmit beam in the set of transmit beams; transmitting a set of signals, each signal in the set of signals being transmitted on a corresponding transmit beam in the set of transmit beams; receiving, after transmitting the set of signals, an indication of a subset of the set of beamforming weights based at least in part on at least a first transmit beam in the set of transmit beams corresponding to a first one of the sets of beamforming weights causing interference at a second UE; as well as Based at least in part on the indication, a second signal is sent using a second set of the sets of beamforming weights, the subset of the sets of beamforming weights including the second set of beamforming weights.

2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: receiving a signal measurement report for each signal in the set of signals; as well as A determination is made based at least in part on the signal measurement report to use the second set of beamforming weights to send the second signal.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the signal measurement report comprises one or more of a signal-to-noise ratio, a signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio, or a reference signal received power.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein receiving the indication of the subset of the set of beamforming weights comprises receiving an indication of a separate set of beamforming weights in the set of beamforming weights to be used for subsequent transmissions.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein receiving the indication of the subset of the set of beamforming weights comprises receiving an indication of a plurality of the sets of beamforming weights to be used for subsequent transmissions. 6 . The method of claim 5 , wherein the plurality of the sets of beamforming weights are ordered in order of increasing interference to the subsequent transmission.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein receiving the indication of the subset of the sets of beamforming weights comprises receiving an indication of one or more of the sets of beamforming weights not to be used for subsequent transmissions.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein receiving the indication of the subset of the set of beamforming weights comprises receiving the indication of the subset of the set of beamforming weights from the second UE via a sidelink message.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein receiving the indication of the subset of the set of beamforming weights comprises receiving the indication of the subset of the set of beamforming weights from a base station via a downlink message.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein transmitting the set of signals comprises transmitting the set of signals using each transmit beam in the set of transmit beams.

11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the same mainlobe signal strength attribute comprises one or more of the same peak beamforming array gain of the mainlobe, the same peak beamforming array gain direction, the same mainlobe beamwidth, or the same gain distribution.

12. The method of claim 1, wherein the same mainlobe signal strength attribute for each transmit beam in the set of transmit beams comprises a mainlobe associated with each respective transmit beam being within a threshold signal strength of a respective mainlobe associated with each other transmit beam in the set of transmit beams.

13. A method for wireless communication at a user equipment UE, comprising: receiving, from a first UE, an indication of one or more sets of beamforming weights used by a training process to determine to be used by the first UE for transmission, each set of the beamforming weights corresponding to a respective transmit beam in a set of transmit beams, each transmit beam in the set of transmit beams having a mainlobe signal strength property that is the same as each other transmit beam in the set of transmit beams, and each transmit beam in the set of transmit beams also having one or more sidelobe signal strength properties that are different from one or more sidelobe signal strength properties of each other transmit beam in the set of transmit beams; receiving a set of signals from the first UE, each signal in the set of signals being received from a corresponding transmit beam in the set of transmit beams; determining that one or more signals in the set of signals from the first UE interfere with reception of a second signal at the UE; as well as Based at least in part on the determination, an indication of a subset of the set of beamforming weights relevant to subsequent transmissions by the first UE is sent.

14. The method of claim 13, further comprising sending a signal measurement report for each signal in the set of signals, wherein the subset of the set of beamforming weights is indicated based at least in part on the signal measurement report.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein the signal measurement report comprises one or more of a signal-to-noise ratio, a signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio, or a reference signal received power.

16. The method of claim 13, wherein sending the indication of the subset of the set of beamforming weights comprises sending an indication of a separate set of beamforming weights in the set of beamforming weights to be used for the subsequent transmission by the first UE.

17. The method of claim 13, wherein sending the indication of the subset of the sets of beamforming weights comprises sending indications of a plurality of the sets of beamforming weights to be used for the subsequent transmissions by the first UE.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein the plurality of the sets of beamforming weights are ordered in order of increasing interference to the subsequent transmission.

19. The method of claim 13, wherein sending the indication of the subset of the sets of beamforming weights comprises sending an indication of one or more of the sets of beamforming weights that are not used for the subsequent transmission by the first UE.

20. The method of claim 13, wherein receiving the set of signals comprises receiving the set of signals based at least in part on each of the sets of beamforming weights.

21. The method of claim 13, wherein sending the indication of the subset of the set of beamforming weights comprises sending the indication of the subset of the set of beamforming weights to the first UE via a sidelink message.

22. The method of claim 13, wherein sending the indication of the subset of the set of beamforming weights comprises sending the indication of the subset of the set of beamforming weights to a base station via an uplink message.

23. The method of claim 13, wherein the same mainlobe signal strength attributes comprise one or more of the same peak beamforming array gain of the mainlobe, the same peak beamforming array gain direction, the same mainlobe beamwidth, or the same gain distribution.

24. The method of claim 13, wherein the main lobes of each beamforming weight in the set of beamforming weights are within a threshold signal strength of each other.

25. The method of claim 13, wherein the UE and the first UE operate in a frequency range above 7.125 gigahertz.

26. An apparatus for wireless communication at a first user equipment UE, comprising: processor, a memory coupled to the processor; as well as instructions, stored in the memory and executable by the processor, to cause the apparatus to: determining a set of beamforming weights for uplink communication, each of the sets of beamforming weights corresponding to a respective transmit beam in a set of transmit beams, each transmit beam in the set of transmit beams having a mainlobe signal strength attribute that is the same as each other transmit beam in the set of transmit beams, and each transmit beam in the set of transmit beams also having one or more sidelobe signal strength attributes that are different from one or more sidelobe signal strength attributes of each other transmit beam in the set of transmit beams; transmitting a set of signals, each signal in the set of signals being transmitted on a corresponding transmit beam in the set of transmit beams; receiving, after transmitting the set of signals, an indication of a subset of the set of beamforming weights associated with a subsequent transmission by the first UE based at least in part on at least a first transmit beam in the set of transmit beams corresponding to a first set of beamforming weights that causes interference at a second UE; as well as Based at least in part on the indication, a second signal is sent using a second set of the sets of beamforming weights.

27. The apparatus of claim 26, wherein the instructions are further executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: receiving a signal measurement report for each signal in the set of signals; and A determination is made based at least in part on the signal measurement report to use the second set of beamforming weights to send the second signal.

28. The apparatus of claim 27, wherein the signal measurement report comprises one or more of a signal-to-noise ratio, a signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio, or a reference signal received power.

29. An apparatus for wireless communication at a user equipment UE, comprising: processor, a memory coupled to the processor; as well as instructions, stored in the memory and executable by the processor, to cause the apparatus to: receiving, from a first UE, an indication of one or more sets of beamforming weights used by a training process to determine to be used by the first UE for transmission, each set of the beamforming weights corresponding to a respective transmit beam in a set of transmit beams, each transmit beam in the set of transmit beams having a mainlobe signal strength property that is the same as each other transmit beam in the set of transmit beams, and each transmit beam in the set of transmit beams also having one or more sidelobe signal strength properties that are different from one or more sidelobe signal strength properties of each other transmit beam in the set of transmit beams; receiving a set of signals from the first UE, each signal in the set of signals being received from a corresponding transmit beam in the set of transmit beams; determining that one or more signals in the set of signals from the first UE interfere with reception of a second signal at the UE; as well as Based at least in part on the determination, an indication of a subset of the set of beamforming weights relevant to subsequent transmissions by the first UE is sent.

30. The apparatus of claim 29, wherein the instructions are further executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to send a signal measurement report for each signal in the set of signals, wherein the subset of the set of beamforming weights is indicated based at least in part on the signal measurement report.

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