An endoscope

Abstract

This invention relates to an endoscope, comprising an insertion part and an operating part; the operating part includes a housing, a pull-wire wheel assembly, a rotating device, and a braking device; the pull-wire wheel assembly includes a first pull-wire wheel and a second pull-wire wheel; each pull-wire wheel includes a pull-wire portion and a mounting portion; the mounting portion is provided with a positioning portion and a locking portion; the locking portion includes multiple sets of hooks arranged along the circumference of the mounting portion, and the mounting portion has grooves between adjacent sets of hooks; the rotating device includes a first knob and a second knob; both the first knob and the second knob are provided with positioning grooves; when the first knob is mounted on the first pull-wire wheel and the second knob is mounted on the second pull-wire wheel, the positioning portion engages with the positioning grooves, and after the locking portion passes through the first knob and the second knob, the hooks engage with the front side of the first knob or the back side of the second knob. The endoscope of this invention uses fewer parts, has a simpler assembly procedure, and higher assembly efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical devices, specifically to an endoscope. Background Technology

[0002] Endoscopes, as an important auxiliary medical instrument for detecting lesions in internal organs, are widely used in various surgical procedures. Through endoscopes, the lesion site can be clearly and intuitively understood, improving the accuracy of lesion diagnosis. However, the structure of endoscopes on the market is complex, and the number of parts used makes the assembly difficulty and assembly procedure particularly complicated. This is not conducive to improving the assembly efficiency of workers, and correspondingly, it is also not conducive to improving the production efficiency of endoscopes. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an endoscope that uses fewer parts, and correspondingly, has a simpler assembly procedure and higher assembly efficiency.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is:

[0005] An endoscope includes an insertion section and an operating section, wherein the operating section includes a housing, a pull-coil assembly disposed within the housing, a rotating device for driving the pull-coil assembly to rotate, and a braking device for braking the rotating device.

[0006] The pull wheel assembly consists of two sets of pull wheels: a first pull wheel and a second pull wheel. Each pull wheel includes a pull section and a mounting section. The mounting section has a positioning section and a locking section. The first pull wheel has a through hole, and the second pull wheel passes through the first through hole and extends out of the housing. The positioning section and locking section of the second pull wheel are both exposed outside the mounting section of the first pull wheel. The locking section includes multiple sets of hooks arranged equidistantly along the circumference of the mounting section. The mounting section has grooves between adjacent sets of hooks, and the grooves extend along the axial direction of the mounting section.

[0007] The rotating device includes a first knob and a second knob, wherein the first knob is mounted on the mounting part of the first pull wheel, and the second knob is mounted on the mounting part of the second pull wheel; both the first knob and the second knob are provided with positioning grooves that cooperate with positioning parts on the mounting parts; when the first knob is mounted on the first pull wheel, or the second knob is mounted on the second pull wheel, the positioning part cooperates with the positioning groove, and after the locking part passes through the first knob or the second knob, the hook hooks onto the front side of the first knob or the back side of the second knob, thereby limiting the first knob or the second knob between the positioning part of the mounting part and the hook;

[0008] The braking device includes a first braking knob for braking a first knob and a second braking knob for braking a second knob.

[0009] Preferably, the insertion part includes a snake bone, an insertion tube disposed at the tail of the snake bone, and a tip disposed at the head of the snake bone.

[0010] Preferably, a tail adapter is provided between the insertion tube and the tail end of the snake bone.

[0011] Preferably, a head adapter is provided between the tip and the head of the snake bone.

[0012] Preferably, the tail adapter is provided with at least one set of first guide grooves, the first guide grooves are located on the outside of the tail adapter and extend along the axial direction of the tail adapter; the tail end of the snake bone is provided with a first guide portion at a position corresponding to the first guide groove, and when the tail adapter is installed on the tail end of the snake bone, the first guide portion cooperates with the first guide groove.

[0013] Preferably, the tail adapter is a stepped shaft structure, with the smaller diameter end of the tail adapter connected to the tail end of the snake bone, and the larger diameter end connected to the insertion tube; the first guide groove is installed on the outside of the smaller diameter end of the tail adapter.

[0014] Preferably, the head adapter is provided with at least one set of second guide grooves, the second guide grooves are located on the outside of the head adapter and extend along the axial direction of the head adapter; the tip end is provided with a second guide portion at a position corresponding to the second guide groove, and when the tip end is installed on the head adapter, the second guide portion cooperates with the second guide groove.

[0015] Preferably, the head adapter is a stepped shaft structure, with the smaller diameter end of the head adapter connected to the head end of the snake bone, and the larger diameter end connected to the tip end; the second guide groove is installed on the outside of the larger diameter end of the head adapter.

[0016] Preferably, a braking structure is provided between the first brake knob and between the second brake knob and between the second brake knob.

[0017] Preferably, the housing is further provided with a separator for separating the first pull wheel and the second pull wheel.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0019] 1. The endoscope of the present invention has a positioning part and a locking part on the mounting part of the pull wheel. When the first knob is mounted on the first pull wheel and the second knob is mounted on the second pull wheel, when the hook contacts the mounting holes of the first knob and the second knob, the hook elastically retracts inward toward the center of the mounting part, allowing the locking part to pass through the mounting holes of the first knob and the second knob. After the hook passes through the mounting holes of the first knob and the second knob, due to the lack of constraint from the inner walls of the mounting holes, the hook elastically returns to its original position and hooks onto the front side of the first knob or the back side of the second knob. At this time, the positioning part also cooperates with the positioning grooves in the first knob and the second knob, thereby confining the first knob and the second knob between the positioning part and the hook of the mounting part. This makes the installation of the pull wheel with the first knob and the second knob simpler, thereby greatly simplifying the installation process and improving assembly efficiency.

[0020] 2. The endoscope of the present invention uses fewer parts than existing endoscopes, has lower manufacturing costs, is easier to assemble, and has higher assembly efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the first specific embodiment of the endoscope of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the insertion part.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the operating unit.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the rotating device and the braking device.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the rotating device and the braking device.

[0026] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A magnified view of point A in the image.

[0027] Figure 7 and Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the braking device from two different perspectives (the second brake knob is hidden).

[0028] Figure 9 and Figure 10 These are three-dimensional structural diagrams of the braking component and the reset structure from two different perspectives.

[0029] Figure 11 and Figure 12 The diagram shows the three-dimensional structure of the first pull wheel, the first brake knob, the braking structure, and the reset structure from two different perspectives.

[0030] Figure 13 and Figure 14 These are installation diagrams of the isolator from two different perspectives.

[0031] Figure 15 Installation diagram of the isolation component

[0032] Figure 16 This is a structural diagram of the connecting sleeve and the positioning tube.

[0033] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the pull reel.

[0034] Figure 18 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the head adapter and tip end in a second specific embodiment of the endoscope of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 19 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the tail adapter in the third specific embodiment of the endoscope of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 20 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the tail end of the snake bone in the third specific embodiment of the endoscope of the present invention.

[0037] In the diagram: 1-House, 2-First knob; 3-Second knob; 4-First brake knob; 5-Second brake knob; 6-Brake component; 601-Guide part; 602-Limiting part; 603-Second guide part; 7-Rubber ring; 8-Limiting screw; 9-Sleeve; 901-First guide part; 902-Hook part; 10-Elastic component; 11-First pull wheel; 12-Second pull wheel; 13-Locking component; 14-Driver 15-Hook; 16-Groove; 17-Snake bone; 1701-First guide part; 18-Tip end; 1801-Second guide part; 19-Head adapter; 1901-Second guide groove; 20-Insert tube; 21-Tail adapter; 2101-First guide groove; 22-Connecting tube sleeve; 23-Positioning tube; 24-First partition; 25-Second partition; 26-First limiting part; 27-Second limiting part. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] See Figures 1-17 The endoscope of the present invention includes an insertion part and an operating part, wherein,

[0041] The operating unit includes a housing 1, a pulley assembly disposed within the housing 1, a rotating device for driving the pulley assembly to rotate, and a braking device for braking the rotating device; wherein...

[0042] The pull wheel assembly consists of two sets of pull wheels: a first pull wheel 11 and a second pull wheel 12. Each pull wheel includes a pull section and a mounting section. The mounting section has a positioning section and a locking section. The first pull wheel 11 has a through hole, and the second pull wheel 12 extends out of the housing 1 after passing through the first through hole. The positioning section and the locking section of the second pull wheel 12 are both exposed outside the mounting section of the first pull wheel 11. The locking section includes multiple sets of hooks 15 arranged equidistantly along the circumference of the mounting section. The mounting section has grooves 16 between adjacent sets of hooks 15. The grooves 16 extend along the axial direction of the mounting section.

[0043] The rotating device includes a first knob 2 and a second knob 3. The first knob 2 is mounted on the mounting portion of the first pull wheel 11, and the second knob 3 is mounted on the mounting portion of the second pull wheel 12. Both the first knob 2 and the second knob 3 are provided with positioning grooves that cooperate with positioning portions on the mounting portions. When the first knob 2 is mounted on the first pull wheel 11 and the second knob 3 is mounted on the second pull wheel 12, the positioning portion cooperates with the positioning groove. After the locking portion passes through the first knob 2 and the second knob 3, the hook 15 hooks onto the front side of the first knob 2 or the back side of the second knob 3. This confines the first knob 2 and the second knob 3 between the positioning portion of the mounting portion and the hook 15.

[0044] The braking device includes a first braking knob 4 and a second braking knob 5, wherein the first braking knob 4 is used to brake the first knob 2, and the second braking knob 5 is used to brake the second knob 3; wherein a braking structure is provided between the first braking knob 4 and the first knob 2, and between the second braking knob 5 and the second knob 3; by providing the braking structure, braking of the first knob 2 and the second knob 3 can be achieved.

[0045] By providing a positioning part and a locking part on the mounting part of the pull wheel, when the first knob 2 is mounted on the first pull wheel 11 and the second knob 3 is mounted on the second pull wheel 12, when the hook 15 contacts the inner wall of the mounting hole of the first knob 2 and the second knob 3, the hook 15 elastically retracts inward toward the center of the mounting part, so that the locking part can pass through the mounting hole of the first knob 2 and the second knob 3. After the hook 15 passes through the mounting hole of the first knob 2 and the second knob 3, due to the lack of constraint from the inner wall of the mounting hole of the first knob 2 and the second knob 3, the hook 15 will elastically return outward and hook onto the front side of the first knob 2 or the back side of the second knob 3. At this time, the positioning part also cooperates with the positioning groove in the first knob 2 and the second knob 3, thereby limiting the first knob 2 and the second knob 3 between the positioning part of the mounting part and the hook 15. This makes the installation of the pull wheel with the first knob 2 and the second knob 3 much simpler, thereby greatly simplifying the installation process and improving assembly efficiency.

[0046] See Figures 1-17The insertion part includes a snake bone 17, an insertion tube 20 disposed at the tail of the snake bone 17, and a tip 18 disposed at the head of the snake bone 17. A tail adapter 21 is provided between the insertion tube 20 and the tail of the snake bone 17; a head adapter 19 is provided between the tip 18 and the head of the snake bone 17. The snake bone 17 in this embodiment can be implemented with reference to the snake bone described in patent application No. 202210826900.6, entitled "A Snake Bone 17 with an Integrated Active Reset Function." The purpose of providing a tail adapter 21 (i.e., a tail adapter) between the snake bone 17 and the insertion tube 20, and a head adapter 19 (i.e., a head adapter) between the snake bone 17 and the tip 18, is that, as core precision components of the endoscope, the snake bone 17, the tip 18, and the insertion tube 20 require high dimensional accuracy. The high precision of the machining process necessitates extremely high precision in the connection between the tip 18 and the snake bone 17, and between the insertion tube 20 and the snake bone 17. Even slight errors can render the assembled endoscope unusable. For example, traditional connection methods often use glue, but the amount of glue is a key factor in determining whether the assembly is satisfactory. This places extremely stringent requirements on assembly workers and results in low assembly efficiency. To address this, the aforementioned head adapter 19 and tail adapter 21 serve as adapters, allowing the tip 18 to connect to the head of the snake bone 17 via the head adapter 19, and the insertion tube 20 to connect to the tail of the snake bone 17 via the tail adapter 21. This reduces the connection precision required between the tip 18 and the head of the snake bone 17, and between the insertion tube 20 and the tail of the snake bone 17, thereby improving the product yield and increasing production efficiency.

[0047] In addition, the head adapter 19 and the snake bone 17, the head adapter 19 and the tip end 18, the tail adapter 21 and the snake bone 17, and the tail adapter 21 and the insertion tube 20 can be connected by methods including but not limited to glue bonding, snap-fit ​​connection or screw connection.

[0048] See Figures 1-17 The braking structure includes a driving member and a braking member 6 arranged coaxially. The driving member is provided with a driving part 14. One side of the braking member 6 is provided with a mating part that cooperates with the driving part 14, and the other side of the braking member 6 is provided with a braking part. When the first braking knob 4 or the second braking knob 5 is rotated, the braking member 6 and the driving member rotate relative to each other. The driving part 14 on the driving member drives the mating part on the braking member 6 to move axially and causes the braking part on the braking member 6 to press against the first knob 2 or the second knob 3, thereby braking the first knob 2 or the second knob 3.

[0049] See Figures 1-17 The braking part is a rubber ring 7, which is mounted on the braking component 6. By setting the rubber ring 7, the frictional resistance to the first knob 2 or the second knob 3 can be increased, thereby achieving better braking.

[0050] See Figures 1-17 The braking structure further includes a reset structure for driving the brake element 6 to elastically reset. When the first brake knob 4 or the second brake knob 5 releases the brake, the reset structure drives the brake element 6 to elastically reset, ensuring that the mating part on the brake element 6 remains in contact with the driving part 14 on the driving member, and that the braking part in the brake element 6 separates from the first knob 2 or the second knob 3. The purpose of this structure is to:

[0051] (1) Ensure that the driving member and the braking member 6 are always in contact. In this way, when the first braking knob 4 or the second braking knob 5 drives the driving member to rotate, it can drive the braking member 6 to move axially, so that the braking part on the braking member 6 contacts the first knob 2 or the second knob 3, thereby starting braking. When the first braking knob 4 or the second braking knob 5 drives the driving member to rotate in the opposite direction to release the brake, the reset structure drives the braking member 6 to elastically reset, so that the mating part on the braking member 6 is always in contact with the driving part 14 of the driving member. At this time, the braking part on the braking member 6 also gradually separates from the first knob 2 and the second knob 3.

[0052] (2) Since the first knob 2 and the second knob 3 do not contact the braking part in the braking component 6 when the first knob 2 and the second knob 3 are not braked, there will be no friction between them, so the rotation of the first knob 2 and the second knob 3 is smoother.

[0053] See Figures 1-17 The reset structure includes a sleeve 9 and an elastic element 10 disposed within the sleeve 9. The sleeve 9 is coaxially arranged with the driving element and the braking element 6. The lower end of the sleeve 9 is provided with a hook portion 902 for hooking the first knob 2 or the second knob 3, which is used to limit the axial displacement of the sleeve 9 (i.e., the travel distance of the sleeve 9 driven by the reset structure). The upper end is in contact with the braking part of the braking element 6. One end of the elastic element 10 acts on the first knob 2 or the second knob 3, and the other end acts on the sleeve 9. The elastic force of the elastic element 10 causes the sleeve 9 to drive the braking part of the braking element 6 to separate from the first knob 2 or the second knob 3. In this embodiment, the elastic element 10 is a spring.

[0054] See Figures 1-17The mating part includes a guide part 601 and a limiting part 602. The guide part 601 is disposed opposite to the driving part 14 of the driving member, and the guide part 601 extends obliquely upward along the circumferential direction of the brake member 6. The limiting part 602 is disposed on both sides of the guide part 601 to limit the driving part 14 in the driving member from continuing to rotate on the guide part 601 in the brake member 6. As the driving member rotates, the driving part 14 on the driving member moves along the guide part 601 on the brake member 6. Since the height of the guide part 601 gradually increases along the circumference of the brake member 6, the driving member exerts downward pressure on the guide part 601, causing the brake member 6 to overcome the elastic force of the elastic member 10 and move axially. This causes the braking part on the brake member 6 to contact and press against the first knob 2 or the second knob 3. When the driving part 14 contacts the limiting part 602, it is blocked by the limiting part 602, and the driving member cannot continue to rotate. That is, the first brake knob 4 and the second brake knob 5 cannot continue to rotate. At this time, the braking part presses against the first knob 2. On knob 2 and knob 3; similarly, when it is necessary to release the brake, the first brake knob 4 and the second brake knob 5 drive the driving member to rotate in the opposite direction. During this process, the driving part 14 gradually separates from the guide part 601. However, due to the function of the reset structure, the brake member 6 begins to reset (in a direction away from the first knob 2 and the second knob 3), so that the guide part 601 is always in contact with the driving part 14. When the driving part 14 contacts the limiting part 602, it is blocked by the limiting part 602, and the driving member cannot continue to rotate. That is, the first brake knob 4 and the second brake knob 5 cannot continue to rotate. At this time, the brake part separates from the first knob 2 or the second knob 3.

[0055] In this embodiment, there are two sets of driving parts 14, symmetrically arranged on the driving member. Correspondingly, there are also two sets of mating parts, symmetrically arranged as well. This arrangement ensures that the pressure on both sides of the brake member 6 is the same, guaranteeing that the brake member 6 moves at the same speed at all positions during axial movement. This allows the braking part of the brake member 6 to be evenly pressed against the first knob 2 or the second knob 3, resulting in better braking performance.

[0056] See Figures 1-17 The driving component is integrated with the first brake knob 4 and the second brake knob 5. This design reduces the number of parts, lowers the assembly difficulty, and improves assembly efficiency.

[0057] See Figures 1-17The braking device further includes a locking member 13, which includes a fixing plate and a fixing shaft connected to the fixing plate. A second through hole is provided through the second pull wheel 12. The fixing plate in the locking member 13 contacts the pull portion of the second pull wheel 12, while the other side of the first pull wheel 11 and the second pull wheel 12 is limited by the housing 1, thus restricting axial movement of the second pull wheel 12 and the first pull wheel 11. The locking member is fixed inside the housing 1 by screws, preventing the fixing shaft from rotating. The fixed shaft in 13 extends through the second through hole; the second brake knob 5 is mounted on the fixed shaft, and a mounting groove is provided on the outer side of the second brake knob 5. The inner diameter of the mounting groove is larger than the outer diameter of the fixed shaft. A limiting screw 8 is provided in the mounting groove, wherein the outer diameter of the screw head of the limiting screw 8 is larger than the outer diameter of the fixed shaft and smaller than or equal to the inner diameter of the mounting groove; the limiting screw 8 is mounted on the fixed shaft to axially limit the second brake knob 5, so that the second brake knob 5 will not move outward under the action of the reset structure.

[0058] See Figures 1-17 A first guide mechanism is provided between the sleeve 9 and the first knob 2 or the second knob 3. The first guide mechanism includes a first guide portion 901 disposed on the outer wall of the sleeve 9 and a first guide groove disposed on the inner wall of the first knob 2 or the second knob 3. Both the first guide portion 901 and the first guide groove extend along the axial direction of the sleeve 9, and the first guide portion 901 and the first guide groove cooperate with each other. By providing the first guide mechanism, the sleeve 9 is prevented from rotating, and it can also be used to guide the axial movement of the sleeve 9.

[0059] See Figures 1-17 A second guide mechanism is provided between the brake member 6 and the fixed shaft and the housing 1, respectively. The second guide mechanism includes a second guide portion provided on the inner wall of the brake member 6 and a second guide groove provided on the outer wall of the housing 1 and the fixed shaft. Both the second guide portion and the second guide groove extend along the axial direction of the locking member 13, and the second guide portion and the second guide groove cooperate with each other. By providing the second guide mechanism, the rotation of the driving member is prevented, and it can also be used to guide the axial movement of the driving member.

[0060] Finally, the braking structure between the first brake knob 4 and the first knob 2, and the braking structure between the second brake knob 5 and the second knob 3 in this embodiment are similar in structure and principle, but the installation directions are opposite.

[0061] See Figures 1-17 The operating unit further includes a separator disposed on the housing 1. The separator is mounted on the housing 1 and is used to separate the first pull wheel 11 and the second pull wheel 12. The separator includes a first partition 24 and a second partition 25 installed inside the housing 1. The first partition 24 is located outside the second pull wheel 12, and the second partition 25 is located between the first pull wheel 11 and the second pull wheel 12. The area between the first partition 24 and the second partition 25 forms a second mounting groove for mounting the pull part of the second pull wheel 12, and the area between the second partition 25 and the housing 1 forms a first mounting groove for mounting the pull part of the first pull wheel 11. By separating the two sets of pull wheels by the separator, the end faces of the two sets of pull wheels will not come into contact, so that when one set of pull wheels rotates, it will not drive the other set of pull wheels to rotate. This ensures the accuracy of operation during the operation of the endoscope.

[0062] In this embodiment, the fixing plate constitutes the first partition 4.

[0063] See Figures 1-17 The housing 1 and the second partition 25 are each provided with a first limiting part 26 at the position where they contact the pulling part of the first pull wheel 11. The first limiting parts 26 on both sides of the pulling part of the first pull wheel 11 are used to restrict the axial movement of the first pull wheel 11. Correspondingly, the first partition 24 and the second partition 25 are each provided with a second limiting part 27 at the position where they contact the pulling part of the second pull wheel 12. The second limiting parts 27 on both sides of the pulling part of the second pull wheel 12 are used to restrict the axial movement of the second pull wheel 12. By providing the first limiting part 26 and the second limiting part 27, the pulling parts of the first pull wheel 11 and the second pull wheel 12 can be limited, thereby preventing the first pull wheel 11 and the second pull wheel 12 from moving axially.

[0064] In this embodiment, the parts of the first limiting part 26 and the second limiting part 27 that contact the first pull wheel 11 and the second pull wheel 12 are arc-shaped parts. The purpose is to reduce the contact area with the end faces of the first pull wheel 11 and the second pull wheel 12, thereby reducing the friction when the first pull wheel 11 and the second pull wheel 12 rotate, making the first pull wheel 11 and the second pull wheel 12 rotate more flexibly and smoothly.

[0065] In this embodiment, both the first partition 24 and the second partition 25 are mounted on the housing 1 by screws; the area of ​​the second partition 25 is larger than the area of ​​the first pull wheel 11 and the second pull wheel 12; and the area of ​​the first partition 24 is larger than the area of ​​the second partition 25.

[0066] See Figures 1-17 The second partition 25 is provided with a clearance hole for the pull part of the second pull wheel 12 to pass through. The clearance hole is provided so that the shaft (or mounting part) of the second pull wheel 12 can pass through; and the housing 1 is also provided with a clearance hole for the shaft (or mounting part) of the first pull wheel 11 to pass through.

[0067] See Figures 1-17 The lower end of the housing 1 is provided with a connecting sleeve 22. The upper end of the connecting sleeve 22 is connected to the housing 1 by a snap (or step), and the lower end is connected to the insertion tube 20. The inner cavity of the upper end of the connecting sleeve 22 is conical, that is, the inner diameter of the upper end is large and the inner diameter of the lower end is small. This can facilitate the guidance of the wire rope 15 into the insertion tube 20 and improve the assembly efficiency. The outer side of the connecting sleeve 22 is fitted with a positioning tube 23, which is connected to the housing 1.

[0068] Example 2

[0069] See Figure 18 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that:

[0070] The head adapter 19 is provided with at least one set of second guide grooves 1901, which are located on the outside of the head adapter 19 and extend along the axial direction of the head adapter 19. The tip end 18 is provided with a second guide portion 1801 at a position corresponding to the second guide groove 1901. When the tip end 18 is installed on the head adapter 19, the second guide portion 1801 cooperates with the second guide groove 1901. With the above arrangement, when the tip end 18 is installed on the head adapter 19, positioning and assembly can be quickly achieved, thereby improving installation efficiency.

[0071] In addition, in this embodiment, the head adapter 19 is a stepped shaft structure. The smaller diameter end of the head adapter 19 is connected to the head end of the snake bone 17, and the larger diameter end is connected to the tip end 18. The second guide groove 1901 is installed on the outside of the larger diameter end of the head adapter 19.

[0072] Example 3

[0073] See Figures 19-20 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that:

[0074] The tail adapter 21 is provided with at least one set of first guide grooves 2101. The first guide grooves 2101 are located on the outside of the tail adapter 21 and extend along the axial direction of the tail adapter 21. The tail end of the snake bone 17 is provided with a first guide part 1701 at a position corresponding to the first guide groove 2101. When the tail adapter 21 is installed on the tail end of the snake bone 17, the first guide part 1701 cooperates with the first guide groove 2101. When the tail end of the snake bone 17 is installed on the tail adapter 21, positioning and assembly can be quickly achieved, thereby improving installation efficiency.

[0075] In this embodiment, the tail adapter 21 is a stepped shaft structure. The smaller diameter end of the tail adapter 21 is connected to the tail end of the snake bone 17, while the larger diameter end is connected to the insertion tube 20. The first guide groove 2101 is installed on the outside of the smaller diameter end of the tail adapter 21.

[0076] The above are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above content. Any changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, or simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be considered equivalent substitutions and shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An endoscope, comprising an insertion part and an operating part, characterized in that, The operating unit includes a housing, a pulley assembly disposed within the housing, a rotating device for driving the pulley assembly to rotate, and a braking device for braking the rotating device, wherein... The pull wheel assembly consists of two sets of pull wheels: a first pull wheel and a second pull wheel. Each pull wheel includes a pull section and a mounting section. The mounting section has a positioning section and a locking section. The first pull wheel has a through hole, and the second pull wheel passes through the first through hole and extends out of the housing. The positioning section and locking section of the second pull wheel are both exposed outside the mounting section of the first pull wheel. The locking section includes multiple sets of hooks arranged equidistantly along the circumference of the mounting section. The mounting section has grooves between adjacent sets of hooks, and the grooves extend along the axial direction of the mounting section. The rotating device includes a first knob and a second knob, wherein the first knob is mounted on the mounting part of the first pull wheel, and the second knob is mounted on the mounting part of the second pull wheel; both the first knob and the second knob are provided with positioning grooves that cooperate with positioning parts on the mounting parts; when the first knob is mounted on the first pull wheel, or the second knob is mounted on the second pull wheel, the positioning part cooperates with the positioning groove, and after the locking part passes through the first knob or the second knob, the hook hooks onto the front side of the first knob or the back side of the second knob, thereby limiting the first knob or the second knob between the positioning part of the mounting part and the hook; The braking device includes a first braking knob for braking a first knob and a second braking knob for braking a second knob. Braking structures are provided between the first and second braking knobs, and between the second and third braking knobs. Each braking structure includes a coaxially arranged driving member and a braking member. The driving member has a driving portion, and the braking member has a mating portion on one side that cooperates with the driving portion, and a braking portion on the other side. When the first or second braking knob is rotated, the braking member and the driving member rotate relative to each other. The driving portion on the driving member drives the mating portion on the braking member to move axially, causing the braking portion on the braking member to press against the first or second knob, thereby braking the first or second knob. The braking structure further includes a reset structure for driving the brake element to elastically reset. When the first brake knob or the second brake knob releases the brake, the reset structure drives the brake element to reset, so that the mating part on the brake element always remains in contact with the driving part of the driving element, and the braking part in the brake element separates from the first knob or the second knob. The reset structure includes a sleeve and an elastic element disposed in the sleeve. The sleeve is coaxially disposed with the driving element and the brake element. The lower end of the sleeve is provided with a hook for hooking the first knob or the second knob, and the upper end contacts the braking part of the brake element. One end of the elastic element acts on the first knob or the second knob, and the other end acts on the sleeve. The elastic force of the elastic element causes the sleeve to drive the braking part of the brake element to separate from the first knob or the second knob.

2. The endoscope according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insertion part includes a snake bone, an insertion tube disposed at the tail of the snake bone, and a tip disposed at the head of the snake bone.

3. The endoscope according to claim 2, characterized in that, A tail connector is provided between the insertion tube and the tail end of the snake bone.

4. The endoscope according to claim 2, characterized in that, A head adapter is provided between the tip and the head of the snake bone.

5. The endoscope according to claim 3, characterized in that, The tail adapter is provided with at least one set of first guide grooves, the first guide grooves are located on the outside of the tail adapter and extend along the axial direction of the tail adapter; the tail end of the snake bone is provided with a first guide part at the corresponding position of the first guide groove, and when the tail adapter is installed on the tail end of the snake bone, the first guide part cooperates with the first guide groove.

6. The endoscope according to claim 5, characterized in that, The tail connector is a stepped shaft structure. The smaller diameter end of the tail connector is connected to the tail end of the snake bone, while the larger diameter end is connected to the insertion tube. The first guide groove is installed on the outside of the smaller diameter end of the tail connector.

7. The endoscope according to claim 4, characterized in that, The head adapter is provided with at least one set of second guide grooves, the second guide grooves are located on the outside of the head adapter and extend along the axial direction of the head adapter; the tip end is provided with a second guide part at a position corresponding to the second guide groove, and when the tip end is installed on the head adapter, the second guide part cooperates with the second guide groove.

8. The endoscope according to claim 7, characterized in that, The head adapter has a stepped shaft structure. The smaller diameter end of the head adapter is connected to the head end of the snake bone, while the larger diameter end is connected to the tip end. The second guide groove is installed on the outside of the larger diameter end of the head adapter.

9. The endoscope according to claim 8, characterized in that, Braking structures are provided between the first brake knob and between the second brake knob and between the second brake knob.

10. The endoscope according to claim 9, characterized in that, The housing is also provided with a separator to separate the first pull wheel and the second pull wheel.

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