Ship cargo hold and ship cargo loading system

Abstract

The application provides a ship cargo hold and a ship cargo loading system, and relates to the technical field of ship cargo hold air exhaust. The cargo hold hatch coaming is arranged on the part of the main deck extending from the top of the cargo hold body, and the outer air duct is arranged on the outer side of the outer wall of the cargo hold hatch coaming. The gas in the cargo hold cavity can be exhausted along the outer air duct. Since the gas in the cargo hold cavity can be exhausted through the outer air duct on the outer side of the cargo hold hatch coaming at the top of the cargo hold body, the dangerous gas generated by volatilization and gathered at the top of the cargo hold cavity can be more easily exhausted, the loading height of the cargo in the cargo hold cavity is effectively increased, the technical problem that the existing cargo hold air duct design limits the loading height of the dangerous goods in the cargo hold, reduces the cargo carrying capacity of the ship, and the dangerous gas gathered at the top of the cargo hold is not easy to exhaust is solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of ship cargo hold ventilation technology, and particularly relates to a ship cargo hold and a ship cargo loading system. BACKGROUND

[0002] According to the IMDG International Dangerous Goods Rules, flammable and toxic dangerous goods can be loaded in a ship cargo hold. When these types of goods are transported, the cargo hold needs to provide mechanical ventilation not less than 6 times to remove the dangerous gas in the cargo hold. The upper part and the bottom part of the cargo hold are required to be provided with ventilation openings to discharge the dangerous gas. The dangerous goods are in the form of bulk and packaged goods. When the bulk dangerous goods are loaded, the bottom ventilation opening is completely covered. At this time, the loading height of the dangerous goods in the cargo hold needs to be lower than the lower edge of the upper ventilation grid, otherwise all the ventilation grids are blocked and cannot form effective mechanical ventilation.

[0003] However, the highest position of the cargo hold air duct stops at the main deck, the ventilation grid on the air duct is lower than the main deck, and the loading height of the dangerous goods in the cargo hold needs to be lower than the lower edge of the ventilation grid, otherwise the ventilation grid is blocked and cannot form effective mechanical ventilation. This design limits the loading height of the dangerous goods in the cargo hold, reduces the cargo carrying capacity of the ship, and because the ventilation grid is not arranged in the top space of the cargo hold, the dangerous gas accumulated in the top of the cargo hold is not easy to discharge, causing a ventilation blind area. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims to provide a ship cargo hold and a ship cargo loading system to alleviate the technical problems in the prior art that the existing cargo hold air duct design limits the loading height of the dangerous goods in the cargo hold, reduces the cargo carrying capacity of the ship, and the dangerous gas accumulated in the top of the cargo hold is not easy to discharge.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a ship cargo hold, comprising: a cargo hold main body and an external air duct.

[0006] The cargo hold main body is installed on the main deck, the cargo hold main body is surrounded to form a cargo hold cavity, the part of the top of the cargo hold main body extending out of the main deck is provided with a cargo hold hatch coaming, the side of the cargo hold hatch coaming away from the cargo hold cavity is communicated with the external air duct, and the external air duct is used to discharge the gas in the cargo hold cavity to the outside of the cargo hold main body.

[0007] In an optional implementation manner,

[0008] The ship cargo hold further comprises an air duct partition plate.

[0009] The air duct partition plate is fixed on the main deck, and the air duct partition plate and the cargo hold hatch coaming surround to form the external air duct.

[0010] In an optional implementation manner,

[0011] The ship cargo hold further comprises a wind channel top plate;

[0012] The wind channel top plate is located on top of the wind channel partition plate, and both ends of the wind channel top plate are connected with the cargo hold hatch coaming and the wind channel partition plate respectively.

[0013] In an optional embodiment,

[0014] The ship cargo hold further comprises an internal wind channel;

[0015] The internal wind channel is arranged outside the cargo hold main body, and the internal wind channel is located below the main deck.

[0016] In an optional embodiment,

[0017] The main deck is provided with a wind channel ventilation grille for communicating the external wind channel and the internal wind channel.

[0018] In an optional embodiment,

[0019] The ship cargo hold further comprises a cargo hold fan;

[0020] The cargo hold fan is installed on the main deck, and the cargo hold fan communicates with the internal wind channel, and the cargo hold fan is used to extract gas in the internal wind channel.

[0021] In an optional embodiment,

[0022] The ship cargo hold further comprises a fan coaming;

[0023] The fan coaming is installed on the main deck, the fan coaming is connected with the wind channel partition plate, and a fan placement cavity for placing the cargo hold fan is formed between the fan coaming and the wind channel partition plate.

[0024] The fan coaming is provided with a ventilation louver.

[0025] In an optional embodiment,

[0026] The cargo hold hatch coaming is provided with a top ventilation grille, and the top ventilation grille communicates with the external wind channel.

[0027] In an optional embodiment,

[0028] The side wall of the cargo hold main body is provided with an upper ventilation grille and a lower ventilation grille, the lower ventilation grille is located below the upper ventilation grille, and the upper ventilation grille and the lower ventilation grille both communicate with the internal wind channel.

[0029] In a second aspect, the ship cargo loading system provided by the present application comprises the ship cargo hold.

[0030] The ship cargo hold provided by the present application is characterized in that: a cargo hold hatch coaming is arranged on the part of the main deck extending from the top of the cargo hold body, and an external air duct is arranged outside the outer wall of the cargo hold hatch coaming, so that the gas in the cargo hold cavity can be discharged along the external air duct. Since the gas in the cargo hold cavity can be discharged through the external air duct outside the cargo hold hatch coaming located at the top of the cargo hold body, the volatile dangerous gas accumulated at the top of the cargo hold cavity can be more easily discharged, and the loading height of the cargo in the cargo hold cavity is effectively increased. The technical problem that the loading height of the dangerous goods in the cargo hold is limited by the existing cargo hold air duct design in the prior art is solved, the cargo carrying capacity of the ship is increased, and the dangerous gas accumulated at the top of the cargo hold is not easily discharged. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the specific embodiments or the prior art description will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0032] Figure 1 The structure schematic diagram of the outflow side of the ship cargo hold provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0033] Figure 2 The structure schematic diagram of the inflow side of the ship cargo hold provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0034] Figure 3 The gas flow schematic diagram of the outflow side of the ship cargo hold provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0035] Figure 4 The top view structure schematic diagram of the outflow side of the ship cargo hold provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0036] Figure legend: 10-main deck; 100-cargo hold body; 110-cargo hold hatch coaming; 111-top ventilation grille; 120-upper ventilation grille; 130-lower ventilation grille; 140-cargo hold cavity; 150-inflow ventilation grille; 200-external air duct; 300-air duct partition; 310-air duct top plate; 400-internal air duct; 500-air duct ventilation grille; 600-cargo hold fan; 700-fan coaming; 710-ventilation louver. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some but not all of the embodiments of the present application. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0038] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but only represents selected embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0039] It should be noted that: similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.

[0040] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship when the product of the present application is usually placed, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the indicated device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" and the like are only used for differentiation and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0041] In addition, the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhang" and the like do not mean that the components must be absolutely horizontal or overhanging, but can be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is relatively more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly inclined.

[0042] In the description of the present application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "arrangement", "installation", "connection", "connection" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0043] Some embodiments of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The following embodiments and features described below can be combined with each other in the case of no conflict.

[0044] The highest position of the existing cargo hold air duct ends at the main deck 10, and the ventilation grille on the air duct is lower than the main deck 10. The loading height of the dangerous goods in the cargo hold needs to be lower than the lower edge of the ventilation grille, otherwise the ventilation grille is blocked and cannot form effective mechanical ventilation. The design defects of the cargo hold ventilation system limit the loading height of the dangerous goods in the cargo hold, reducing the carrying capacity of the ship; the ventilation grille on the upper part of the air duct is lower than the height of the main deck 10, and the dangerous gas gathers at the top of the cargo hold, and the space at the top of the cargo hold is prone to form a ventilation blind area, and the ventilation efficiency is not high

[0045] Therefore, as shown in the Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 The ship cargo hold provided by the embodiment includes a cargo hold body 100 and an external air duct 200; the cargo hold body 100 is installed on the main deck 10, and the cargo hold body 100 is surrounded to form a cargo hold cavity 140; the part of the cargo hold body 100 extending out of the main deck 10 is provided with a cargo hold hatch coaming 110, and the side of the cargo hold hatch coaming 110 away from the cargo hold cavity 140 is communicated with the external air duct 200, and the external air duct 200 is used to exhaust the gas in the cargo hold cavity 140 to the outside of the cargo hold body 100.

[0046] Specifically, the main deck 10 is provided with a cargo hold space, and the cargo hold body 100 is placed in the cargo hold space; a part of the cargo hold body 100 is placed below the main deck 10, and a part of the cargo hold body 100 is placed above the main deck 10; the part of the cargo hold body 100 placed above the main deck 10 is provided with the cargo hold hatch coaming 110, and the outer wall of the cargo hold hatch coaming 110 is provided with the external air duct 200; the gas in the cargo hold cavity 140 in the cargo hold body 100 is exhausted out of the cargo hold cavity 140 through the external air duct 200, and the cargo hold hatch coaming 110 is located relatively high, effectively increasing the loading height of the dangerous goods, and the dangerous gas gathered at the top of the cargo hold cavity 140 can be exhausted.

[0047] The ship cargo hold provided by the embodiment can discharge the gas in the cargo hold cavity 140 along the external air duct 200, because the gas in the cargo hold cavity 140 can be discharged through the external air duct 200 outside the cargo hold hatch coaming 110 at the top of the cargo hold body 100, which is more convenient for discharging the dangerous gas generated by volatilization gathered at the top of the cargo hold cavity 140, effectively increases the loading height of the cargo in the cargo hold cavity 140, and solves the technical problems that the existing cargo hold air duct design limits the loading height of the dangerous goods in the cargo hold, reduces the cargo carrying capacity of the ship, and the dangerous gas gathered at the top of the cargo hold is not easy to discharge.

[0048] On the basis of the above embodiment, in an optional implementation, the ship cargo hold provided by the embodiment further comprises an air duct partition plate 300; the air duct partition plate 300 is fixed on the main deck 10, and the air duct partition plate 300 and the cargo hold hatch coaming 110 form the external air duct 200.

[0049] Specifically, the air duct partition plate 300 is fixedly installed on the main deck 10, the air duct partition plate 300 and the cargo hold hatch coaming 110 are arranged in parallel and at intervals, the air duct partition plate 300 and the cargo hold hatch coaming 110 form the external air duct 200, the gas in the cargo hold cavity 140 enters the external air duct 200 through the opening arranged on the cargo hold hatch coaming 110, and is discharged through the external air duct 200.

[0050] In addition, it should be noted that the distance between the air duct partition plate 300 and the cargo hold hatch coaming 110 is the width of the external air duct 200, when it is necessary to adjust the width of the external air duct 200, the air duct partition plate 300 is removed from the main deck 10, the distance between the air duct partition plate 300 and the cargo hold hatch coaming 110 is calculated according to the width of the external air duct 200, the specific installation position of the air duct partition plate 300 is determined according to the calculated distance, and the air duct partition plate 300 is fixed on the main deck 10, which can be suitable for ships with different ventilation requirements.

[0051] In addition, the connection mode between the air duct partition plate 300 and the main deck 10 can be provided in multiple modes, for example, a plurality of permanent magnets are fixedly arranged on the main deck 10, metal blocks are arranged at the bottom of the air duct partition plate 300, the magnetic force generated by the permanent magnets acts on the metal blocks, and the specific position of the air duct partition plate 300 can be changed by selecting permanent magnets at different positions; the air duct partition plate 300 can also be fixed on the main deck 10 by the gluing mode.

[0052] In an optional embodiment, the ship cargo hold further comprises a wind channel top plate 310; the wind channel top plate 310 is located on the top of the wind channel partition plate 300, and two ends of the wind channel top plate 310 are connected with the cargo hold hatch coaming 110 and the wind channel partition plate 300 respectively.

[0053] Specifically, in order to control the flow direction of the external wind channel 200, the wind channel top plate 310 is arranged on the top of the wind channel partition plate 300, one end of the wind channel top plate 310 is connected with the cargo hold hatch coaming 110, and the other end of the wind channel top plate 310 is connected with the wind channel partition plate 300.

[0054] In an optional embodiment, the ship cargo hold further comprises an internal wind channel 400; the internal wind channel 400 is arranged outside the cargo hold main body 100, and the internal wind channel 400 is located below the main deck 10.

[0055] Specifically, there is a certain gap between the cargo hold main body 100 and the inner wall of the cargo hold space opened by the main deck 10, and the gap forms the internal wind channel 400. Alternatively, a wind channel plate can be arranged outside the outer wall of the cargo hold main body 100, and the internal wind channel 400 is formed between the outer wall of the cargo hold main body 100 and the wind channel plate.

[0056] The cargo hold main body 100 located below the main deck 10 is in communication with the internal wind channel 400, and the gas in the cargo hold cavity 140 in the cargo hold main body 100 can enter the internal wind channel 400 and be discharged along the internal wind channel 400.

[0057] In an optional embodiment, the main deck 10 is provided with a wind channel ventilation grille 500, and the wind channel ventilation grille 500 is used to communicate the external wind channel 200 and the internal wind channel 400.

[0058] Specifically, the external wind channel 200 is located above the internal wind channel 400, and the wind channel ventilation grille 500 is arranged on the main deck 10 between the external wind channel 200 and the internal wind channel 400, so as to communicate the external wind channel 200 and the internal wind channel 400, and the gas in the external wind channel 200 enters the internal wind channel 400 and is discharged after being collected.

[0059] In an optional embodiment, the ship cargo hold further comprises a cargo hold fan 600; the cargo hold fan 600 is installed on the main deck 10, and the cargo hold fan 600 is in communication with the internal wind channel 400, and the cargo hold fan 600 is used to extract the gas in the internal wind channel 400.

[0060] Specifically, the cargo hold fan 600 is installed on the main deck 10, and an air outlet is arranged on the main deck 10, and the cargo hold fan 600 is in communication with the internal wind channel 400 through the air outlet, so as to extract the gas in the internal wind channel 400.

[0061] In an optional embodiment, the ship cargo hold further comprises a fan enclosure 700; the fan enclosure 700 is installed on the main deck 10, the fan enclosure 700 is connected with the air duct partition 300, and a fan placement cavity for placing the cargo hold fan 600 is formed between the fan enclosure 700 and the air duct partition 300; the fan enclosure 700 is provided with a ventilation louver 710.

[0062] Specifically, the fan enclosure 700 is installed on the main deck 10, the fan enclosure 700 is arranged in parallel and spaced apart with the air duct partition 300, the top of the fan enclosure 700 is provided with a connecting cover plate, one end of the connecting cover plate is connected with the air duct enclosure, the other end of the connecting cover plate is connected with the fan enclosure 700, and the fan placement cavity is formed between the fan enclosure 700, the connecting cover plate and the air duct partition 300; the cargo hold fan 600 is installed in the fan placement cavity.

[0063] In addition, in order to ensure that the gas in the fan placement cavity can be discharged, the ventilation louver 710 is arranged on the fan enclosure 700, the ventilation louver 710 can be opened or closed by itself, and the discharge of the gas is controlled.

[0064] In an optional embodiment, the cargo hold hatch enclosure 110 is provided with a top ventilation grid 111, and the top ventilation grid 111 is in communication with the external air duct 200.

[0065] Specifically, the gas in the cargo hold cavity 140 of the cargo hold main body 100 above the main deck 10 enters the external air duct 200 through the top ventilation grid 111, the gas in the external air duct 200 enters the internal air duct 400 through the air duct ventilation grid 500, the gas in the internal air duct 400 enters the cargo hold fan 600 along the air outlet, the gas in the internal air duct 400 is extracted by the cargo hold fan 600 into the fan placement cavity, the gas in the fan placement cavity is discharged through the ventilation louver 710, and the discharge of all the gas in the cargo hold cavity 140 is completed, and there is no ventilation blind area.

[0066] In an optional embodiment, the side wall of the cargo hold main body 100 is provided with an upper ventilation grid 120 and a lower ventilation grid 130, and the lower ventilation grid 130 is located below the upper ventilation grid 120; both the upper ventilation grid 120 and the lower ventilation grid 130 are in communication with the internal air duct 400.

[0067] Specifically, the side wall of the cargo hold main body 100 below the main deck 10 is provided with the upper ventilation grid 120 and the lower ventilation grid 130, so that the gas in the cargo hold cavity 140 below the main deck 10 enters the internal air duct 400 through the upper ventilation grid 120 and the lower ventilation grid 130.

[0068] In addition, as Figure 2As shown, a plurality of air inlet louvers 150 are arranged on the air inlet side of the cargo hold body 100 from top to bottom, and the outer wall of the air inlet side of the cargo hold body 100 is provided with an air inlet channel, the air inlet channel is provided with an air inlet shutter, external gas enters the air inlet channel through the air inlet shutter, and the gas in the air inlet channel enters the cargo hold body 100 through the plurality of air inlet louvers 150.

[0069] The ship cargo hold provided by the embodiment effectively increases the installation height of the ventilation grating, thereby increasing the loading height of the dangerous goods, facilitating direct removal of dangerous gas, increasing ventilation efficiency, and forming mechanical exhaust at the top area of the cargo hold above the main deck 10, thereby reducing the blind area of the cargo hold ventilation.

[0070] The ship cargo loading system provided by the embodiment comprises the ship cargo hold.

[0071] The technical effect of the ship cargo loading system provided by the embodiment is the same as that of the ship cargo hold provided by the above-described embodiment, and thus will not be described here again.

[0072] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and not to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: it can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the above embodiments, or make equivalent replacement for part or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A cargo hold of a ship, characterized in that The ship cargo hold comprises a cargo hold body (100) and an external air duct (200). The cargo hold body (100) is installed on a main deck (10), and the cargo hold body (100) is surrounded to form a cargo hold cavity (140). The top of the cargo hold body (100) extends beyond the main deck (10) and is provided with a cargo hold hatch coaming (110). The side of the cargo hold hatch coaming (110) away from the cargo hold cavity (140) is connected with the external air duct (200), and the external air duct (200) is used for discharging the gas in the cargo hold cavity (140) to the outside of the cargo hold body (100). The ship cargo hold further comprises an air duct partition plate (300). The air duct partition plate (300) is fixed on the main deck (10), and the air duct partition plate (300) and the cargo hold hatch coaming (110) surround to form the external air duct (200). The ship cargo hold further comprises an air duct top plate (310). The air duct top plate (310) is located at the top of the air duct partition plate (300), and the two ends of the air duct top plate (310) are connected with the cargo hold hatch coaming (110) and the air duct partition plate (300) respectively. The ship cargo hold further comprises an internal air duct (400). The internal air duct (400) is arranged outside the cargo hold body (100), and the internal air duct (400) is located below the main deck (10). The cargo hold hatch coaming (110) is provided with a top ventilation grille (111), and the top ventilation grille (111) is connected with the external air duct (200).

2. The ship cargo hold according to claim 1, wherein the main deck (10) is provided with an air duct ventilation grille (500), and the air duct ventilation grille (500) is used for connecting the external air duct (200) and the internal air duct (400).

3. The ship cargo hold according to claim 2, wherein the ship cargo hold further comprises a cargo hold fan (600). The cargo hold fan (600) is installed on the main deck (10), and the cargo hold fan (600) is connected with the internal air duct (400), and the cargo hold fan (600) is used for discharging the gas in the internal air duct (400).

4. The ship cargo hold according to claim 3, wherein the ship cargo hold further comprises a fan coaming (700). The fan coaming (700) is installed on the main deck (10), and the fan coaming (700) is connected with the air duct partition plate (300), and the fan coaming (700) and the air duct partition plate (300) surround to form a fan placing cavity for placing the cargo hold fan (600). The fan coaming (700) is provided with a ventilation louver (710).

5. The ship cargo hold according to claim 1, wherein ​ ​ ​ ​ The side wall of the cargo hold body (100) is provided with an upper ventilation grille (120) and a lower ventilation grille (130), the lower ventilation grille (130) is located below the upper ventilation grille (120), and the upper ventilation grille (120) and the lower ventilation grille (130) are in communication with the internal air duct (400).

6. A vessel cargo loading system characterized by, A ship cargo hold comprising a ship cargo hold according to any one of claims 1-5.

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