Horizontal counter-shaft well forming process for urban underground connecting passage

Abstract

The application discloses a horizontal anti-well well-forming process for urban underground connecting passages, and comprises the following steps: (A) construction preparation, (B) pilot hole drilling, (C) casing installation, (D) reaming drilling: in the terminal side tunnel, a reaming bit is replaced into a reamer bit, the pilot hole with a casing is reamed and drilled by using an anti-well drilling machine, and a horizontal passage is formed; in the reaming drilling process, broken rock slag is discharged by using a vacuum slag discharging device; a telescopic shield is arranged at the rear part of the reamer bit, the shield comprises a front shield, a rear shield and an oil cylinder connected between the front shield and the rear shield, and the front and rear shields realize telescopic function through the oil cylinder; and (E) segment installation. The application solves the technical problem of integrated continuous operation of "tunneling-supporting-slag discharging" in the connecting passage construction, can fully utilize the limited underground space to realize mechanized construction, and has the advantages of safety, high efficiency, environmental protection and the like.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of reverse well drilling, and particularly relates to a horizontal reverse well drilling process for urban underground connecting passages. BACKGROUND

[0002] Connecting passages between left and right tunnels in urban underground rail transit projects are not only horizontal personnel escape passages, but also important ventilation and disaster prevention facilities. According to the specification requirements, at least one connecting passage needs to be set in every 600 m of a subway tunnel. According to the average annual increase of 1500 km of subway in China, about 2500 connecting passages need to be constructed every year.

[0003] The connecting passage of a subway is a key node of a subway tunnel project and is one of the projects with the greatest construction risks. At present, the construction methods of the connecting passage include a freezing construction method, a mine tunneling method, a pipe jacking method and a tunneling machine method. However, the freezing construction method has high cost, the mine tunneling method has poor safety, the pipe jacking method has small pushing force, and the tunneling machine method is limited in space, and all of them cannot effectively solve the construction problems of excavation precision, safety and environmental protection, narrow space, simultaneous excavation and support, efficient slag removal and the like. SUMMARY

[0004] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a horizontal reverse well drilling process for urban underground connecting passages, which provides integrated continuous operation of "tunneling-supporting-slag removal".

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] The horizontal reverse well drilling process for urban underground connecting passages comprises the following steps:

[0007] (A) Construction preparation: installing a reverse well drilling machine (1) in a starting side tunnel and installing a platform required for construction of a segment (11) in a terminal side tunnel;

[0008] (B) Pilot hole drilling: drilling a horizontal pilot hole pointing to the terminal side tunnel by using the reverse well drilling machine (1);

[0009] (C) Casing installation: sequentially pushing and installing a prefabricated cement casing into the pilot hole to form a temporary support of the pilot hole;

[0010] (D) reaming: the pilot hole is reamed with a reamer (4) in the pilot hole side tunnel, a horizontal passage is formed by the back drilling rig (1) with a casing, the broken rock debris is discharged by a vacuum debris discharge device during the reaming, the reamer (4) is provided with a telescopic shield at the rear, the shield includes a front shield (5), a rear shield (6) and an oil cylinder connected between the front shield (5) and the rear shield (6), the front and rear shields (6) are telescopic by the oil cylinder;

[0011] (E) segment (11) installation: the prefabricated concrete segments (11) are sequentially transported and installed in the horizontal passage to form the permanent support of the connecting passage.

[0012] Further, in step (D), the shield is divided into four states: an initial state with the smallest shield length, a limit state when the telescopic oil cylinder of the shield reaches the maximum stroke, an extended state and a contracted state; when the front shield (5) moves forward synchronously with the drill bit and the rear shield (6) remains in place, the shield is in the extended state; when the reamer (4) stops drilling work, the front shield (5) remains in place, the telescopic oil cylinder retracts, the rear shield (6) retracts, and the shield is in the contracted state.

[0013] One reaming cycle forms one step horizontal passage, in one reaming cycle, the shield sequentially passes through the initial state, the extended state, the limit state and the contracted state; after one step horizontal passage is formed, the segment (11) is installed for permanent support.

[0014] Further, in step (E), the segment (11) is prefabricated from concrete, the segment (11) is installed in the horizontal passage by block splicing, the length of the segment (11) is less than the maximum stroke of the telescopic shield, and the outer diameter of the segment (11) support structure is consistent with the diameter of the horizontal passage formed by the reaming.

[0015] Further, the vacuum debris discharge device includes a vacuum pump (9) installed on the platform, a debris suction pipe (8) in communication with the suction port of the vacuum pump (9), and a debris discharge pipe in communication with the exhaust port of the vacuum pump (9), the inlet of the debris suction pipe (8) is located in the lower space of the connection position of the front shield (5) and the reamer (4) and is fixedly installed at the front bottom end of the front shield (5).

[0016] Further, a diameter screen is arranged at the inlet of the debris suction pipe (8).

[0017] Further, during the drilling of the pilot hole, the inclination is measured and corrected while drilling, so that the drilling deviation rate is ≤0.3%.

[0018] Further, in the pilot hole drilling process, two drill rods (3) of common drill rod (3) and stable drill rod (3) are used in cooperation, and the diameter of the pilot hole is 350mm-365mm.

[0019] Further, in the pilot hole drilling process, the broken rock slag is discharged to the starting side tunnel by using the washing medium in the positive circulation mode.

[0020] Further, in step (C), a single section of the prefabricated cement casing is installed in the pilot hole by splicing using a casing installation device, the outer diameter of the prefabricated cement casing is consistent with the diameter of the pilot hole, and the inner diameter of the prefabricated cement casing matches the outer diameter of the common drill rod (3).

[0021] Further, the horizontal anti-well well-forming process of the urban underground connecting channel further comprises the following steps: (F) equipment removal: removing mechanical equipment such as anti-well drilling machine (1) and vacuum pump (9) and auxiliary facilities such as platform;

[0022] (G) Wall back filling: blocking both ends of the pipe piece (11), installing the grouting equipment, and performing the pipe piece (11) wall back grouting construction.

[0023] The technical scheme of the present application has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0024] By installing a shield on the back of the reaming bit, the reaming bit and the shield cooperate, and during the further drilling process of the reaming bit, the front shield and the rear shield form temporary support, and after the shield is retracted, a pipe piece is immediately installed for permanent support, reducing the exposure time of the channel wall of the connecting channel after reaming, reducing the probability of collapse of the connecting channel, and making the construction safer.

[0025] The broken rock slag cut by the cutting device is discharged to the outside of the connecting channel conveniently, quickly and continuously, improving the efficiency of the slag discharge; after the vacuum pump is installed in the terminal side tunnel, the slag discharge of the entire connecting channel can be performed, without the need to build a conveying belt and other transportation equipment in the connecting channel, reducing the work load of the installation of the slag discharge equipment.

[0026] The present application solves the technical problem of integrated continuous operation of "excavation-supporting-slag discharge" in the construction of the connecting channel, can fully utilize the limited underground space to realize mechanized construction, has the advantages of safety, high efficiency, environmental protection and the like, and can be widely applied in not only the connecting channel of the urban rail tunnel, but also the municipal pipe gallery branch shaft and inspection well, deep tunnel connecting line and underground space connecting engineering, and has high popularization value and broad market prospect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic view of the pipe piece entering the connecting channel of the embodiment of the present application.

[0028] Figure 2 Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 3 Fig. 2 is a shield state change diagram in a reaming drilling cycle of an embodiment of the present application.

[0030] In the figure, the reference signs are as follows: 1-raise-boring machine, 2-support beam, 3-drill rod, 4-reaming bit, 5-front shield, 6-rear shield, 7-lining, 8-slag suction pipe, 9-vacuum pump, 10-slag removal trolley, 11-pipe segment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

[0032] As shown in Fig. 1, the horizontal raise-boring process of the urban underground connecting passage comprises the following steps: Figures 1 to 3

[0033] (A) construction preparation: in the starting-side tunnel, a concrete foundation required for the use of the raise-boring machine 1 and the installation of the casing pipe is constructed, the raise-boring machine 1 and the support beam 2 are installed, and the support beam 2 can close the surrounding soil layer of the opening part of the pilot hole to ensure the opening drilling accuracy of the raise-boring machine; in the terminal-side tunnel, a steel structure platform required for the use of the vacuum pump 9 and the installation of the pipe segment 11 is constructed;

[0034] (B) pilot hole drilling: the raise-boring machine 1 is used to drill a horizontal pilot hole pointing to the terminal-side tunnel; during the drilling of the pilot hole, the inclination is measured and corrected while drilling, so that the hole deviation rate is ≤0.3%, and the hole deviation rate meets the design and use requirements; a tricone bit is used to drill the pilot hole, and after the pilot hole is connected with the terminal-side tunnel, the tricone bit and the drill rod 3 are removed; based on the need to install the prefabricated cement casing pipe in the pilot hole, the diameter of the horizontal pilot hole should be 50 mm larger than the conventional pilot hole diameter; during the pilot hole drilling, the broken rock slag is discharged to the starting-side tunnel by using the washing medium in the positive circulation mode;

[0035] (C) casing pipe installation: the prefabricated cement casing pipe is pushed into and installed in the pilot hole in sequence, forming the temporary support of the pilot hole;

[0036] (D) reaming drilling: the reaming drill rod 3 is connected in the pilot hole with the prefabricated cement casing pipe, the reaming bit 4 and the telescopic shield are installed in the terminal-side tunnel, and the shield is connected to the rear side of the reaming bit 4; the shield comprises the front shield 5, the rear shield 6 and the oil cylinder connected between the front shield 5 and the rear shield 6, and the front and rear shields 6 realize the telescopic function through the oil cylinder; the front end of the front shield 5 is connected to the base of the reaming bit 4 through a bearing, realizing the sliding movement of the shield along the reaming drilling direction with the bit, and the front shield 5 does not rotate with the rotation of the reaming bit 4.​

[0037] The hole with casing is reamed by the reverse circulation drilling rig 1 to form a horizontal passage; during the reaming, the rock cuttings broken by the reamer bit 4 fall by gravity to the lower part of the horizontal passage and are sucked and discharged by the vacuum cuttings evacuation device;

[0038] After the horizontal passage is connected with the starting side tunnel, the reamer bit 4 and the shield are removed;

[0039] (E) Segment 11 installation: as shown in the drawing, the prefabricated concrete segments 11 are successively transported from the ending side tunnel and installed in the horizontal passage to form the permanent support of the connecting passage; Figure 1

[0040] (F) Equipment removal: the mechanical equipment such as the reverse circulation drilling rig 1 and the vacuum pump 9 and the auxiliary facilities such as the platform are removed;

[0041] (G) Wall back filling: the segment 11 is blocked at both ends, the grouting equipment is installed, the wall back grouting construction of the segment 11 is carried out, the grout is injected by the grouting pump through the grouting hole reserved in the segment 11 between the segment 11 wall and the inner wall of the horizontal passage, the residual cavity between the segment 11 and the soil layer of the horizontal passage is filled and compacted, and the segment 11 type lining 7 structure is formed.

[0042] Further, as shown in the drawing, in step (D), the shield is divided into four states: an initial state with the minimum shield length, an extreme state when the telescopic oil cylinder of the shield reaches the maximum stroke, an extended state and a contracted state; when the front shield 5 moves forward synchronously with the drilling bit and the rear shield 6 remains stationary, the shield is in the extended state; when the reamer bit 4 stops drilling work, the front shield 5 remains stationary, the telescopic oil cylinder is retracted, the rear shield 6 is retracted, and the shield is in the contracted state; Figure 3 One reaming cycle forms one step horizontal passage, and in one reaming cycle, the shield sequentially passes through the initial state, the extended state, the extreme state and the contracted state;

[0043] (a), (b), (c) and (d) respectively correspond to the initial state, the extended state, the extreme state and the contracted state of the shield in one reaming cycle; after one step horizontal passage is formed, as shown in (d), the segment 11 is immediately installed for permanent support. Figure 3 Figure 3

[0044] Further, as shown in the drawing, in step (D), the shield is divided into four states: an initial state with the minimum shield length, an extreme state when the telescopic oil cylinder of the shield reaches the maximum stroke, an extended state and a contracted state; when the front shield 5 moves forward synchronously with the drilling bit and the rear shield 6 remains stationary, the shield is in the extended state; when the reamer bit 4 stops drilling work, the front shield 5 remains stationary, the telescopic oil cylinder is retracted, the rear shield 6 is retracted, and the shield is in the contracted state; Figures 1 to 2 ​​​As shown, the segment 11 is prefabricated by concrete, and the segment 11 is installed in the horizontal channel by block splicing, and the installation of the segment 11 is performed by a segment 11 installation device, the length of the segment 11 is less than the maximum stroke of the telescopic shield, the outer diameter of the segment 11 support structure is consistent with the diameter of the horizontal channel formed by the reaming, and the segment 11 installation device can be a conventional segment 11 installation device, and the segment 11 installation device generally comprises a base, a mechanical arm, a mechanical hand, a moving mechanism, a track mechanism and the like, the base is fixedly connected with the moving mechanism, the moving mechanism is slidably connected with the track mechanism, the mechanical arm is arranged on the base, and the mechanical arm is movably connected with the mechanical hand; after the mechanical hand grasps one segment 11 fed in, the mechanical arm moves or rotates to place the segment 11 to a correct position, and one ring of segments 11 generally comprises three standard blocks, two adjacent blocks and one capping block.

[0045] Further, as shown in the drawings, Figures 1 to 3 The front shield 5 comprises a front connecting part connected with a bearing installed on the base of the reamer head 4 and a front barrel part in a cylindrical shape, and the rear shield 6 comprises a rear barrel part and a barrel ring part integrally connected to the rear end of the rear barrel part, the outer diameter of the rear barrel part is less than the inner diameter of the front barrel part, and the outer diameter of the barrel ring part is equal to the outer diameter of the front barrel part, so that the rear barrel part can be inserted into the front barrel part to have the minimum length (length in the left-right direction) when the shield is completely retracted. Figures 1 to 3 The inner wall of the rear barrel part is provided with a rear support of the oil cylinder, and the front connecting part or the base of the reamer head 4 is provided with a front support of the oil cylinder, and the length of the oil cylinder is respectively installed on the front support and the rear support.

[0046] Further, as shown in the drawings, Figures 1 to 2 The vacuum slag discharge device comprises a vacuum pump 9 installed on the platform, a slag suction pipe 8 in communication with the air suction port of the vacuum pump 9, and a slag discharge pipe in communication with the air outlet of the vacuum pump 9, and a slag discharge trolley 10 is connected below the outlet of the slag discharge pipe for moving the rock slag outward; the inlet of the slag suction pipe 8 is located in the lower space of the position where the front shield 5 is connected with the reamer head 4, and is fixedly installed at the front bottom end of the front shield 5, so as to facilitate the suction of the rock slag falling on the bottom of the horizontal channel.

[0047] Since the slag suction pipe 8 needs to move with the front shield 5, the slag suction pipe 8 comprises a spliced pipe part and an expandable pipe part, the pipe wall of the expandable pipe part is corrugated and can be expanded by a certain length, the spliced pipe part is hard, and before the expandable pipe part is about to be expanded to the maximum length, the length of the slag suction pipe 8 is sequentially spliced to make the length of the slag suction pipe 8 variable with the drilling of the reamer head 4.

[0048] The inlet of the slag suction pipe 8 is provided with a size limit screen, when the particle size of the slag is smaller than the aperture of the size limit screen, the slag can be sucked in, when the particle size of the slag is larger than the aperture of the size limit screen, the slag needs to be broken again before being sucked in; the aperture of the size limit screen is 1cm-2cm; the setting of the size limit screen ensures that only small particle size slag can enter the slag suction pipe 8 and the vacuum pump 9, avoiding damage to the wall of the slag suction pipe 8 and the internal structure of the vacuum pump 9 caused by large particle size slag.

[0049] Further, the diameter of the guide hole is 350mm-311mm, based on the need to install a casing in the guide hole, the diameter of the guide hole in the application is 55mm larger than the conventional guide hole, the diameter of the conventional guide hole is 295mm-311mm, preferably, the diameter of the guide hole is 350mm; during the drilling process of the guide hole, the ordinary drill pipe 3 and the stabilizing drill pipe 3 are used in cooperation, the stabilizing drill pipe 3 can realize the functions of rod body rotation and stable wing non-rotation through the bearing structure, which helps to enhance the stability of the drill pipe 3 system and reduce the deflection amount of the guide hole, and helps to increase the support capacity of the drill pipe 3 to the well wall and prevent the drill bit from falling due to the rotation of the drill pipe 3.

[0050] Further, in step (C), a single section of the prefabricated cement casing is installed in the guide hole by splicing using a casing installation device, the outer diameter of the prefabricated cement casing is consistent with the diameter of the guide hole, and the inner diameter of the prefabricated cement casing matches the outer diameter of the ordinary drill pipe 3; the casing is installed in the horizontal guide hole, which solves the problem of insufficient support of the rotating drill pipe 3 by the well wall soil layer during the reaming drilling process.

[0051] Obviously, the above embodiments are only examples for clearly illustrating, but not limiting the embodiments. Based on the above description, other different forms of changes or variations can be made by those skilled in the art. Here, all the embodiments need not and cannot be exhausted. The changes or variations derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of the claims of the present patent application.

Claims

1. A horizontal counter- shafting well construction process for urban underground connection passages, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: (A) construction preparation: installing a reverse circulation drilling machine (1) in the starting side tunnel and a platform required for installing a segment (11) in the ending side tunnel; (B) pilot hole drilling: drilling a pilot hole pointing to the ending side tunnel by using the reverse circulation drilling machine (1); (C) casing installation: sequentially pushing and installing a prefabricated cement casing into the pilot hole to form a temporary support of the pilot hole; installing a single section of the prefabricated cement casing in the pilot hole by splicing by using a casing installation device, the outer diameter of the prefabricated cement casing being consistent with the diameter of the pilot hole, and the inner diameter of the prefabricated cement casing being matched with the outer diameter of a common drill rod (3); (D) reaming drilling: replacing a pilot hole drill bit with a reaming drill bit (4) in the ending side tunnel, reaming drilling the pilot hole with the casing by using the reverse circulation drilling machine (1) to form a horizontal passage; in the process of reaming drilling, broken rock debris is discharged by using a vacuum debris discharge device; the reaming drill bit (4) is provided with an extensible shield at the rear part, the shield comprising a front shield (5), a rear shield (6) and an oil cylinder connected between the front shield (5) and the rear shield (6), the front and rear shields (6) being capable of being extended and retracted by the oil cylinder; the front end of the front shield (5) is connected with the base of the reaming drill bit (4) by a bearing, the shield slides and travels along the reaming drilling direction with the drill bit and does not rotate with the reaming drill bit (4); the front shield (5) comprises a front connecting part connected with the bearing installed on the base of the reaming drill bit (4) and a front cylindrical part, the rear shield (6) comprises a rear cylindrical part and a ring part integrally connected at the rear end of the rear cylindrical part, the outer diameter of the rear cylindrical part being smaller than the inner diameter of the front cylindrical part, the outer diameter of the ring part being equal to the outer diameter of the front cylindrical part, the rear shield having the minimum length after being completely retracted by inserting the rear cylindrical part into the front cylindrical part, the inner wall of the rear cylindrical part being provided with a rear support of the oil cylinder, the front connecting part or the base of the reaming drill bit (4) being provided with a front support of the oil cylinder, the length of the oil cylinder being respectively installed on the front support and the rear support; (E) segment (11) installation: sequentially transporting and installing a prefabricated concrete segment (11) into the horizontal passage to form a permanent support of the connecting passage.

2. The process for urban underground tunnel horizontal raise boring well construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (D), the shield has four states: an initial state with the minimum shield length, a limit state when the extension and retraction oil cylinder of the shield reaches the maximum stroke, an extended state and a retracted state; when the front shield (5) moves forward synchronously with the drill bit and the rear shield (6) remains in place, the shield is in the extended state; when the reaming drill bit (4) stops drilling, the front shield (5) remains in place, the extension and retraction oil cylinder is retracted, the rear shield (6) is retracted, and the shield is in the retracted state; one reaming drilling cycle forms one step horizontal passage, in one reaming drilling cycle, the shield sequentially passes through the initial state, the extended state, the limit state and the retracted state; after one step horizontal passage is formed, the segment (11) is installed for permanent support.

3. The urban underground cross passage horizontal raise boring process according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (E), the pipe segment (11) is prefabricated by concrete, the pipe segment (11) is installed in the horizontal channel by block splicing, the length of the pipe segment (11) is less than the maximum stroke of the extensible shield, and the outer diameter of the pipe segment (11) support structure is consistent with the diameter of the horizontal channel formed by the reaming.

4. The urban underground cross-passage horizontal raise boring process of claim 1, wherein, The vacuum residue discharging device comprises a vacuum pump (9) installed on the platform, a residue suction pipe (8) in communication with the suction port of the vacuum pump (9), and a residue discharge pipe in communication with the exhaust port of the vacuum pump (9), the inlet of the residue suction pipe (8) is located in the lower space of the connecting position of the front shield (5) and the reamer bit (4), and is fixedly installed at the front bottom end of the front shield (5).

5. The process for horizontal raise construction of urban underground cross passages according to claim 4, characterized in that, A limited-diameter screen is arranged at the inlet of the residue suction pipe (8).

6. The urban underground tunnel horizontal raise boring process according to claim 1, characterized in that, During the drilling of the pilot hole, the inclination is corrected while drilling, so that the drilling deviation rate is ≤0.3%.

7. The urban underground tunnel horizontal raise boring process according to claim 1, characterized in that, During the drilling of the pilot hole, two kinds of drill pipes (3), namely the common drill pipe (3) and the stabilizing drill pipe (3), are used in cooperation, and the diameter of the pilot hole is 350mm-365mm.

8. The urban underground tunnel horizontal raise boring process according to claim 1, characterized in that, During the drilling of the pilot hole, the broken rock residue is discharged to the starting side tunnel by the washing medium through the positive circulation mode.

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