Method for setting contour strips at the entrance of a motorway tunnel

Abstract

The application discloses a highway tunnel entrance contour strip setting method and relates to the technical field of tunnel safety protection. The average time of dark adaptation of drivers is obtained by collecting the pupil area change data of the drivers when the drivers enter the tunnel. The total length of the contour strip is calculated according to the average time of dark adaptation and the average speed. The basic parameters of the contour strip are configured according to practical experience. The interval duration of the contour strip is set according to practical experience. The unit length and the number of the contour strip setting are calculated based on the interval duration of the contour strip and the speed. Finally, the contour strip is set at the tunnel entrance according to the starting point and the ending point position range of the black hole effect, the basic parameters of the contour strip, the contour strip range, the interval duration of the contour strip and the number of the contour strip. The problem that the drivers generate the black hole effect when entering the tunnel is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of safe driving in tunnels and relates to tunnel safety protection technology, specifically a method for setting the contour strip at the entrance of a highway tunnel. Background Technology

[0002] The significant difference in brightness between the tunnel entrance and the surrounding environment during the day can cause drivers to experience momentary blindness and temporary visual impairment, known as the "black hole effect." This effect can lead to a loss of visual reference points, decreased speed perception, and loss of control, creating dangerous situations. Rear-end collisions with stopped or slow-moving vehicles or fixed objects are highly likely to occur in the "black hole effect" area. These situations are even more dangerous on high-speed highways, making tunnel entrances accident hotspots. Therefore, effective improvement measures are needed to reduce the hazards caused by excessive and unreasonable lighting at highway tunnel entrances. This requires balancing the brightness inside and outside the tunnel entrance to mitigate the "black hole effect," but current research in this area is lacking.

[0003] Therefore, a method for setting the contour strip at the entrance of a highway tunnel is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this invention proposes a method for setting up contour strips at highway tunnel entrances. This method obtains the average dark adaptation time of drivers by analyzing pupil area changes as they enter the tunnel; calculates the total length of the contour strip based on the average dark adaptation time and average vehicle speed; configures the basic parameters of the contour strip based on practical experience; sets the spacing duration of the contour strips based on practical experience; and calculates the unit length and number of contour strips based on the spacing duration and vehicle speed. Finally, the contour strips are set up at the tunnel entrance according to the starting and ending points of the "black hole effect," the basic parameters of the contour strips, the range of the contour strips, the spacing duration of the contour strips, and the number of contour strips; thus solving the problem of the "black hole effect" experienced by drivers entering the tunnel.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention provides a method for setting the contour strip at the entrance of a highway tunnel, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Step 1: Analyze the changes in pupil area when the driver enters the tunnel and calculate the driver's dark reaction time when entering the tunnel.

[0007] Step 2: Based on the actual conditions of the tunnel and real-world driving experience, pre-determine the range of the starting point of the "black hole effect";

[0008] Step 3: Calculate the total length of the "black hole effect" based on the average speed of the vehicle and the reaction time upon entering the tunnel; the total length of the "black hole effect" is the total length of the contour strip that needs to be set.

[0009] Step 4: Calculate the range of the endpoint of the "black hole effect";

[0010] Step 5: Configure the basic parameters of the contour strip based on practical experience;

[0011] Step Six: Set the contour strip spacing duration based on practical experience; and calculate the unit length and quantity of contour strips based on the contour strip spacing duration and vehicle speed;

[0012] Step 7: Based on the starting and ending points of the "black hole effect," the basic parameters of the contour strip, the range of the contour strip, the spacing and duration of the contour strip, and the number of contour strips, set the contour strip at the tunnel entrance.

[0013] The calculation of the driver's dark reaction time upon entering the tunnel includes the following steps:

[0014] Step S1: For each tunnel where the contour strip is to be installed, select a number of drivers to conduct a reaction time measurement experiment;

[0015] Step S2: Calculate the dark adaptation time for each driver based on the changes in pupil area; the calculation method can be based on the technical solution proposed by Du Zhigang et al. in "Light and Dark Adaptation Time in Highway Tunnels Based on Pupil Area Changes";

[0016] Step S3: Calculate the average dark adaptation time of all drivers; this average dark adaptation time is the driver's reaction time to enter the tunnel; label the reaction time to enter the tunnel as t;

[0017] The upper and lower values ​​of the distance range from the starting position of the "black hole effect" to the tunnel entrance are labeled as Qh and Ql, respectively;

[0018] The method for calculating the average speed of the vehicles is as follows: over a number of days, the speed of each vehicle driven by the participants in the experiment entering from the tunnel entrance is measured by a vehicle speed sensor, and the average speed is calculated; the average speed is denoted as v.

[0019] Let the total length of the contour strip be denoted as L; then the formula for calculating the total length of the contour strip is: L = t v 1000 / 3600; it can be understood that the unit of the average vehicle speed v is km / h; while the unit of the average reaction time t is s;

[0020] The upper and lower values ​​of the range at the endpoint of the "black hole effect" are Qh+L and Ql+L, respectively.

[0021] The basic parameters of the contour strip include width, substrate, color, and reflectivity.

[0022] The width of the outline strip at the tunnel entrance is 30cm.

[0023] The contour strip base plate is made of aluminum alloy plate with an outer contour of 100cm in length and 30cm in width, which is consistent with the inner contour of the tunnel.

[0024] The color of the outline band is selected as white, which has the highest reflectivity.

[0025] The reflectivity of the contour strip is selected from the highest level of five categories in the reflectivity intensity rating of reflective film.

[0026] The outline zone extends from the bottom of the outline zone upwards along the maintenance road along the entire cross-sectional outline of the tunnel.

[0027] The contour band spacing duration is a time interval set based on practical experience; preferably, the contour band spacing duration can be set to 0.1s; that is, one contour band is set every 0.1s; the contour band spacing duration is marked as i; then the contour band spacing distance is i. v 1000 / 3600; Mark the spacing of the contour strip as I;

[0028] Let n be the number of contour strips, and the formula for calculating the number of contour strips is as follows: Round n up to the nearest integer.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0030] This invention calculates the driver's average reaction time and sets contour strips at the tunnel entrance based on the starting and ending points of the "black hole effect," the basic parameters of the contour strips, the range of the contour strips, the spacing and duration of the contour strips, and the number of contour strips. This solves the problem of drivers being easily blinded for a short time when entering a tunnel, thus posing a danger. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] like Figure 1As shown, the method for setting the contour strip at the entrance of a highway tunnel includes the following steps:

[0034] Step 1: Analyze the changes in pupil area when the driver enters the tunnel and calculate the driver's dark reaction time when entering the tunnel.

[0035] Step 2: Based on the actual conditions of the tunnel and real-world driving experience, pre-determine the range of the starting point of the "black hole effect";

[0036] Step 3: Calculate the total length of the "black hole effect" based on the average speed of the vehicle and the reaction time upon entering the tunnel; the total length of the "black hole effect" is the total length of the contour strip that needs to be set.

[0037] Step 4: Calculate the range of the endpoint of the "black hole effect";

[0038] Step 5: Configure the basic parameters of the contour strip based on practical experience;

[0039] Step Six: Set the contour strip spacing duration based on practical experience; and calculate the unit length and quantity of contour strips based on the contour strip spacing duration and vehicle speed;

[0040] Step 7: Based on the starting and ending points of the "black hole effect," the basic parameters of the contour strip, the range of the contour strip, the spacing and duration of the contour strip, and the number of contour strips, set the contour strip at the tunnel entrance.

[0041] It is understandable that when a vehicle enters a tunnel, the sudden change in light and darkness can cause the driver to have difficulty adapting, leading to a brief period of blindness that affects driving operations. This can further turn the tunnel entrance into an accident hotspot on the highway, seriously affecting the level of highway traffic safety. The main manifestation of the impact of changes in light and darkness on driving lies in the difference in pupil size between dark and bright environments. Therefore, the driver's reaction time can be calculated by measuring the degree of change in the driver's pupil size.

[0042] In a preferred embodiment, calculating the driver's dark reaction time upon entering the tunnel includes the following steps:

[0043] Step S1: For each tunnel where the contour strip is to be installed, select a number of drivers to conduct a reaction time measurement experiment;

[0044] Step S2: Calculate the dark adaptation time for each driver based on the changes in pupil area; the calculation method can be based on the technical solution proposed by Du Zhigang et al. in "Light and Dark Adaptation Time in Highway Tunnels Based on Pupil Area Changes";

[0045] Step S3: Calculate the average dark adaptation time of all drivers; this average dark adaptation time is the driver's reaction time to enter the tunnel; label the reaction time to enter the tunnel as t;

[0046] The upper and lower values ​​of the distance range from the starting position of the "black hole effect" to the tunnel entrance are labeled as Qh and Ql, respectively;

[0047] In a preferred embodiment, the method for calculating the average speed of the vehicles is as follows: over a number of days, the speed of each vehicle driven by the participants in the experiment entering from the tunnel entrance is measured by a vehicle speed sensor, and the average speed is calculated; the average speed is denoted as v.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment, the total length of the contour strip is denoted as L; then the formula for calculating the total length of the contour strip is: L = t v 1000 / 3600; it can be understood that the unit of the average vehicle speed v is km / h; while the unit of the average reaction time t is s;

[0049] In a preferred embodiment, the upper and lower values ​​of the range of the endpoint of the "black hole effect" are Qh+L and Ql+L, respectively;

[0050] In a preferred embodiment, the basic parameters of the contour strip include width, substrate, color, and reflectivity;

[0051] Referring to the standard "Road Traffic Signs and Markings" (GB 5768), the width of the outline strip should be 20cm. Considering that the application scenario in this paper is the entrance of a highway tunnel, this paper believes that the width of the outline strip should be appropriately widened to enhance the effect and alleviate the "black hole effect". Therefore, in a preferred embodiment, the width of the outline strip at the tunnel entrance is 30cm.

[0052] The contour strip base plate is made of aluminum alloy plate with an outer contour of 100cm in length and 30cm in width, which is consistent with the inner contour of the tunnel.

[0053] The color of the outline band is selected as white, which has the highest reflectivity.

[0054] The reflectivity of the contour strip is selected from the highest level of five categories in the reflectivity intensity rating of reflective film.

[0055] The outline zone extends from the bottom of the outline zone upwards along the maintenance road along the entire cross-sectional outline of the tunnel.

[0056] The contour band spacing duration is a time interval set based on practical experience; preferably, the contour band spacing duration can be set to 0.1s; that is, one contour band is set every 0.1s; the contour band spacing duration is marked as i; then the contour band spacing distance is i. v 1000 / 3600; Mark the spacing of the contour strip as I;

[0057] In a preferred embodiment, the number of contour strips is denoted as n, and the formula for calculating the number of contour strips is as follows: Round n up to the nearest integer.

[0058] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical methods of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical methods of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical methods of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for setting the contour strip at the entrance of a highway tunnel, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Analyze the changes in pupil area when the driver enters the tunnel and calculate the driver's dark reaction time when entering the tunnel. The calculation of the driver's dark reaction time upon entering the tunnel includes the following steps: Step S1: For each tunnel where the contour strip is to be installed, select a number of drivers to conduct a reaction time measurement experiment; Step S2: Calculate the dark adaptation time for each driver based on the changes in pupil area; Step S3: Calculate the average dark adaptation time of all drivers; this average dark adaptation time is the driver's reaction time to enter the tunnel; label the reaction time to enter the tunnel as t; Step 2: Based on the actual conditions of the tunnel and real-vehicle experience, pre-determine the range of the starting point of the "black hole effect"; mark the upper and lower values ​​of the distance range between the starting point of the "black hole effect" and the tunnel entrance as Qh and Ql, respectively; Step 3: Calculate the total length of the "black hole effect" based on the average speed of the vehicle and the reaction time upon entering the tunnel; the total length of the "black hole effect" is the total length of the contour strip that needs to be set. The method for calculating the average speed of the vehicles is as follows: over a number of days, the speed of each vehicle entering the tunnel from the tunnel entrance by the participants is measured using a vehicle speed sensor, and the average speed is calculated; the average speed is denoted as v. Let the total length of the contour strip be denoted as L; then the formula for calculating the total length of the contour strip is: L = t v 1000 / 3600; where the average vehicle speed v is in km / h and the average reaction time t is in seconds; Step 4: Calculate the range of the endpoint of the "black hole effect"; Step 5: Configure the basic parameters of the contour strip based on practical experience; Step Six: Set the contour strip spacing duration based on practical experience; and calculate the unit length and quantity of contour strips based on the contour strip spacing duration and vehicle speed; The contour band spacing duration is a time interval set based on practical experience; the contour band spacing duration is marked as i; then the contour band spacing distance is i. v 1000 / 3600; Mark the spacing of the contour strip as I; Let n be the number of contour strips, and the formula for calculating the number of contour strips is as follows: Round n up to the nearest integer. Step 7: Based on the starting and ending points of the "black hole effect", the basic parameters of the contour strip, the range of the contour strip, the spacing and duration of the contour strip, and the number of contour strips, set the contour strip at the tunnel entrance.

2. The method for setting the contour strip at the entrance of a highway tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper and lower values ​​of the range of the endpoint of the "black hole effect" are Qh+L and Ql+L, respectively.

3. The method for setting the contour strip at the entrance of a highway tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The basic parameters of the contour strip include width, substrate, color, and reflectivity. The width of the outline strip at the tunnel entrance is 30cm. The contour strip base plate is made of aluminum alloy plate with an outer contour of 100cm in length and 30cm in width, which is consistent with the inner contour of the tunnel. The color of the outline band is selected as white, which has the highest reflectivity. The reflectivity of the contour strip is selected from the highest level of five categories in the reflectivity intensity rating of reflective film. The outline band extends from the bottom of the outline band upwards along the maintenance road along the entire cross-sectional outline of the tunnel.

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