Communication method, communication system, and base station

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a communication method, a communication system and a base station, and relates to the technical field of backscatter Internet of Things and cellular network fusion communication. If the base station does not receive the information uploaded by the backscatter Internet of Things device within a specified time, the base station informs the cellular network terminal in the connected state to feed back its position information, thereby selecting the cellular network terminal that can be used as a candidate relay. From the cellular network terminal that can be used as a candidate relay, the base station determines the cellular network terminal that is used as an official relay. The base station informs the cellular network terminal that is used as an official relay to start the relay function, so that the cellular network terminal that is used as an official relay relays the information transmission between the backscatter Internet of Things device and the base station. Thus, the base station can receive the information of the Internet of Things device in the weak area / blind area of the base station coverage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of integrated communication of backscatter Internet of Things and cellular networks, and in particular to a communication method, a communication system, and a base station. Background Art

[0002] Backscatter technology is a wireless technology that encodes and transmits signals without an active transmitter. It offers advantages such as simple equipment and battery-free communication, enabling low-power and low-cost IoT communications. Existing backscatter IoT devices, such as Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) devices, suffer from short communication ranges, low system efficiency, and high deployment costs.

[0003] Integrating backscatter IoT with cellular networks can improve the coverage of backscatter IoT communications, reduce deployment costs, and improve spectrum utilization.

[0004] The inventors discovered that when the backscatter IoT and cellular networks communicate in an integrated manner, the backscatter IoT devices may be in a blind spot or weak area of ​​base station coverage, causing the base station to be unable to receive IoT information in a timely manner. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In the disclosed embodiment, if a base station fails to receive information uploaded by a backscatter IoT device within a specified time, it notifies connected cellular network terminals to provide feedback on their location information. Based on this information, it selects candidate cellular network terminals as relays, identifies a formal relay from among the candidate cellular network terminals, and notifies the formal relay terminal to activate its relay function, allowing the formal relay terminal to relay information between the backscatter IoT device and the base station. This allows the base station to receive information from IoT devices located in areas with weak or blind coverage.

[0006] Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a communication method, applied to a base station, including:

[0007] If the information uploaded by the backscatter IoT device is not received within the specified time, the connected cellular network terminal is notified to feedback its location information;

[0008] Selecting cellular network terminals that can serve as candidate relays based on location information of each cellular network terminal;

[0009] Determining a cellular network terminal to be a formal relay from among cellular network terminals that can be candidate relays;

[0010] Notify the cellular network terminal that serves as the official relay to enable the relay function so that the cellular network terminal that serves as the official relay can relay information between the backscatter IoT device and the base station.

[0011] In some embodiments, selecting cellular network terminals that can serve as candidate relays includes: selecting cellular network terminals that can serve as candidate relays based on the transmission power, transmission frequency, and distance between the cellular network terminal and the backscattering Internet of Things device of each cellular network terminal, wherein the distance between the cellular network terminal and the backscattering Internet of Things device is determined based on location information of the cellular network terminal and location information of the backscattering Internet of Things device.

[0012] In some embodiments, selecting a cellular network terminal that can serve as a candidate relay includes:

[0013] Determine the path loss of each cellular network terminal based on the transmission frequency of each cellular network terminal and the distance between the cellular network terminal and the backscatter IoT device;

[0014] Calculate the difference between the transmit power of each cellular network terminal and the path loss and fade margin;

[0015] The cellular network terminal whose difference information is greater than or equal to the sensitivity of the backscatter Internet of Things device is determined as a cellular network terminal that can be used as a candidate relay.

[0016] In some embodiments, the fade margin is determined based on at least one of terrain and weather.

[0017] In some embodiments, determining a cellular network terminal to serve as an official relay includes:

[0018] Evaluate the total uplink and downlink traffic volume of each cellular network terminal that can serve as a candidate relay;

[0019] According to the total uplink and downlink traffic of each cellular network terminal that can serve as a candidate relay, a cellular network terminal that can serve as a formal relay is determined from the cellular network terminals that can serve as candidate relays.

[0020] In some embodiments, determining a cellular network terminal to serve as an official relay includes:

[0021] If there is a cellular network terminal with the smallest total uplink and downlink traffic volume that can be used as a candidate relay, the cellular network terminal with the smallest total uplink and downlink traffic volume that can be used as a candidate relay is determined as the cellular network terminal to be used as the official relay; or

[0022] If there are multiple cellular network terminals with the smallest total uplink and downlink traffic volume that can serve as candidate relays, the cellular network terminal with the smallest total uplink and downlink traffic volume and the largest difference information that can serve as a candidate relay will be determined as the cellular network terminal serving as the official relay.

[0023] In some embodiments, evaluating the total uplink and downlink traffic volume of each cellular network terminal that can serve as a candidate relay includes: performing a weighted sum operation on the total uplink and downlink traffic volume of each cellular network terminal that can serve as a candidate relay to obtain the total uplink and downlink traffic volume of each cellular network terminal that can serve as a candidate relay.

[0024] In some embodiments, the weight of the total uplink traffic and the weight of the total downlink traffic of each cellular network terminal that can serve as a candidate relay are determined according to the service quality level of the uplink traffic and the service quality level of the downlink traffic.

[0025] In some embodiments, after receiving a notification to activate the relay function, the cellular network terminal serving as a formal relay activates the relay function, transmits an excitation signal to the backscatter IoT device, receives information transmitted by the backscatter IoT device based on the excitation signal, and forwards the information to the base station.

[0026] Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a base station, including: a memory; and a processor coupled to the memory, wherein the processor is configured to execute a communication method based on instructions stored in the memory.

[0027] Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a base station, including:

[0028] The first notification unit is configured to notify the connected cellular network terminal to feedback its location information if the information uploaded by the backscatter IoT device is not received within a specified time;

[0029] a selection unit configured to select a cellular network terminal that can serve as a candidate relay based on location information of each cellular network terminal;

[0030] a determining unit configured to determine a cellular network terminal to be a formal relay from among cellular network terminals that can be candidate relays;

[0031] The second notification unit is configured to notify the cellular network terminal serving as the formal relay to enable the relay function, so that the cellular network terminal serving as the formal relay can relay information between the backscattering IoT device and the base station.

[0032] In some embodiments, the selection unit is configured to:

[0033] Cellular network terminals that can serve as candidate relays are selected based on the transmission power and transmission frequency of each cellular network terminal and the distance between the cellular network terminal and the backscattering IoT device. The distance between the cellular network terminal and the backscattering IoT device is determined based on the location information of the cellular network terminal and the location information of the backscattering IoT device.

[0034] In some embodiments, the determining unit is configured to:

[0035] Evaluate the total uplink and downlink traffic volume of each cellular network terminal that can serve as a candidate relay;

[0036] According to the total uplink and downlink traffic of each cellular network terminal that can serve as a candidate relay, a cellular network terminal that can serve as a formal relay is determined from the cellular network terminals that can serve as candidate relays.

[0037] Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a communication system, including:

[0038] base stations;

[0039] Backscatter IoT devices;

[0040] The cellular network terminal is configured to respond to the notification of the base station, feedback its location information to the base station, turn on the relay function, and relay information between the backscatter IoT device and the base station.

[0041] Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon. When the program is executed by a processor, the steps of the communication method are implemented. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] The following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments or related technologies. The present disclosure can be more clearly understood based on the following detailed description with reference to the drawings.

[0043] Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present disclosure. A person skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative work.

[0044] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a communication system (referred to as "communication system") integrating backscattering Internet of Things and a cellular network according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown.

[0045] Figure 2 A schematic diagram illustrating a communication method (referred to as “communication method”) for integrating backscattering IoT with a cellular network according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is provided.

[0046] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a base station according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown.

[0047] Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of a base station according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown.

[0048] Figure 5 A schematic diagram illustrating determination of candidate relays and official relays according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0050] Unless otherwise specified, descriptions such as “first” and “second” in the present disclosure are used to distinguish different objects and are not used to indicate meanings such as size or time sequence.

[0051] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a communication system (referred to as "communication system") integrating backscattering Internet of Things and a cellular network according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown.

[0052] like Figure 1 As shown, the communication system 100 of this embodiment includes: a base station (set as BS) 110, a backscatter IoT device (set as BD) 120, and a cellular network terminal (set as UE) 130.

[0053] The base station 110 sends a wireless carrier signal to the cellular network terminal 130 to establish normal communication with the cellular network terminal 130 . At the same time, the wireless signal sent can stimulate the backscattering IoT device 120 and receive information uploaded by the backscattering IoT device 120 .

[0054] The backscatter IoT device 120 receives the wireless signal from the base station 110 or the cellular network terminal 130 as an excitation signal, modulates its own data on the excitation signal, and transmits it back to the base station 110 or the cellular network terminal 130 .

[0055] The cellular network terminal 130 establishes normal communication with the base station 110 and has a relay function, which can send an excitation signal to the backscattering IoT device 120, receive and demodulate the information uploaded by the backscattering IoT device 120, and forward it to the base station 110.

[0056] Figure 2 A schematic diagram illustrating a communication method (referred to as “communication method”) for integrating backscattering IoT with a cellular network according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is provided.

[0057] The following combination Figure 2 The communication method of this embodiment is described.

[0058] In step 210, the base station does not receive the information uploaded by the backscatter IoT device within the specified time.

[0059] In step 220, the base station notifies the connected cellular network terminal to feed back its location information. The cellular network terminal responds to the notification of the base station and immediately feeds back its location information.

[0060] In step 230, the base station selects a cellular network terminal that can serve as a candidate relay.

[0061] The base station selects cellular network terminals that can serve as candidate relays based on the location information of each cellular network terminal.

[0062] The base station selects cellular network terminals that can serve as candidate relays based on the transmission power and transmission frequency of each cellular network terminal and the distance between the cellular network terminal and the backscattering IoT device. The distance between the cellular network terminal and the backscattering IoT device is determined based on the location information of the cellular network terminal and the location information of the backscattering IoT device.

[0063] The base station determines the path loss of each cellular terminal based on its transmit frequency and the distance between the cellular terminal and the backscatter IoT device. The base station calculates the difference between each cellular terminal's transmit power, the path loss, and a fade margin, where the fade margin is determined based on at least one of terrain and weather conditions. Cellular terminals with a difference greater than or equal to the sensitivity of the backscatter IoT device are identified as candidate relays.

[0064] Cellular network terminals that can serve as candidate relays must meet the following conditions:

[0065] P UE (T)-Pathloss(f,d)-Δ≥A BD

[0066] (1)P UE (T) is the transmit power of the connected cellular network terminal at the current time slot T, and the base station obtains this value through the power value reported by the connected cellular network terminal;

[0067] (2) Pathloss(f,d) is the path loss (i.e., path loss), which is related to the transmission frequency f of the cellular network terminal and the distance d between the cellular network terminal and the backscatter IoT device. It can be determined using the free space path loss model or classic models such as Cost.231. f can be reported by the connected cellular network terminal to the base station. The connected cellular network terminal reports its own position to the base station, and the base station determines d based on the position of the cellular network terminal and the position of the backscatter IoT device.

[0068] (3) Δ is the fading margin, which can be reserved based on factors such as terrain conditions and weather. The more complex the terrain, the larger the fading margin. For high frequencies above 6 GHz, weather effects such as rain attenuation (i.e., attenuation caused by rain) also need to be considered.

[0069] (4)A BD is the sensitivity of backscatter IoT devices.

[0070] In step 240, the base station determines a cellular network terminal to be a formal relay from among the cellular network terminals that can be candidate relays.

[0071] The base station evaluates the total uplink and downlink traffic volume of each cellular network terminal that can serve as a candidate relay, for example, by performing a weighted sum operation on the total uplink and downlink traffic volume of each cellular network terminal that can serve as a candidate relay to obtain the total uplink and downlink traffic volume of each cellular network terminal that can serve as a candidate relay. Based on the total uplink and downlink traffic volume of each cellular network terminal that can serve as a candidate relay, a cellular network terminal that can serve as an official relay is determined from among the cellular network terminals that can serve as candidate relays.

[0072] If there is one cellular network terminal with the smallest total uplink and downlink traffic volume that can be used as a candidate relay, the cellular network terminal with the smallest total uplink and downlink traffic volume that can be used as a candidate relay is determined as the cellular network terminal to be used as the official relay; or, if there are multiple cellular network terminals with the smallest total uplink and downlink traffic volume that can be used as candidate relays, the cellular network terminal with the smallest total uplink and downlink traffic volume and the difference information (P UE The cellular network terminal with the largest (T)-Pathloss(f,d)-Δ) that can be used as a candidate relay is determined as the cellular network terminal to be the official relay.

[0073] Evaluate the total uplink and downlink traffic of multiple candidate relays in time slot T:

[0074] B=αB d +βB u

[0075] Where B represents the total uplink and downlink traffic of the cellular network terminal, B d is the total downlink traffic volume of cellular network terminals, B u is the total amount of uplink traffic of the cellular network terminal, α and β are weight factors, and the weight factors α and β can be flexibly configured according to the QOS (Quality of Service) level of the uplink / downlink traffic.

[0076] In step 250, the base station notifies the cellular network terminal serving as the official relay to enable the relay function.

[0077] In step 260, the cellular network terminal serving as the official relay responds to the notification of the base station, turns on the relay function, and performs information relay transmission between the backscatter IoT device and the base station.

[0078] After receiving the notification to activate the relay function, the cellular network terminal serving as the official relay activates the relay function, transmits an excitation signal to the backscatter IoT device, receives and demodulates the information transmitted by the backscatter IoT device based on the excitation signal, and forwards the information to the base station.

[0079] In the disclosed embodiment, if a base station fails to receive information uploaded by a backscatter IoT device within a specified time, it notifies connected cellular network terminals to feedback their location information. Based on this information, it selects cellular network terminals that can serve as candidate relays. Based on the total uplink and downlink traffic volume of each candidate cellular network terminal, it determines a cellular network terminal from the candidate relays to serve as an official relay. The base station then notifies the official relay terminal to activate its relay function, allowing the official relay terminal to relay information between the backscatter IoT device and the base station. This allows the base station to receive information from IoT devices located in areas with weak or blind coverage.

[0080] Selecting a connected cellular network terminal as a relay can reduce latency compared to an idle cellular network terminal because the connected cellular network terminal has established an RRC connection with the base station.

[0081] The official relay is selected from the candidate relays according to the total business volume, and the total business volume of the cellular network terminal is counted and the weight factor is considered according to the QOS level of the uplink / downlink business to minimize the impact on the original cellular network business of the cellular network terminal.

[0082] like Figure 5 As shown, the base station notifies the connected cellular network terminals UE1, UE2, UE3, and UE4 to feedback their location information. The base station selects UE1 and UE3 as candidate cellular network terminals that can be used as relays, and UE2 and UE4 are not selected. The base station finally determines UE3 as the cellular network terminal that serves as the official relay.

[0083] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a base station according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown.

[0084] like Figure 3 As shown, the base station 300 of this embodiment includes:

[0085] The first notification unit 310 is configured to notify the connected cellular network terminal to feedback its location information if the information uploaded by the backscatter IoT device is not received within a specified time;

[0086] The selection unit 320 is configured to select a cellular network terminal that can be used as a candidate relay according to the location information of each cellular network terminal;

[0087] The determining unit 330 is configured to determine a cellular network terminal to be a formal relay from among the cellular network terminals that can be candidate relays;

[0088] The second notification unit 340 is configured to notify the cellular network terminal serving as the official relay to enable the relay function, so that the cellular network terminal serving as the official relay can relay information between the backscatter IoT device and the base station.

[0089] The selection unit 320 is configured to select a cellular network terminal that can serve as a candidate relay based on the transmission power and transmission frequency of each cellular network terminal and the distance between the cellular network terminal and the backscattering IoT device, wherein the distance between the cellular network terminal and the backscattering IoT device is determined based on the location information of the cellular network terminal and the location information of the backscattering IoT device.

[0090] The selection unit 320 is configured to: determine the path loss of each cellular network terminal based on the transmission frequency of each cellular network terminal and the distance between the cellular network terminal and the backscattering Internet of Things device; calculate the difference information between the transmission power of each cellular network terminal and the path loss and fading margin; and determine the cellular network terminal whose difference information is greater than or equal to the sensitivity of the backscattering Internet of Things device as a cellular network terminal that can be used as a candidate relay.

[0091] The determination unit 330 is configured to: evaluate the total uplink and downlink traffic volume of each cellular network terminal that can serve as a candidate relay; and determine a cellular network terminal that serves as a formal relay from the cellular network terminals that can serve as candidate relays based on the total uplink and downlink traffic volume of each cellular network terminal that can serve as a candidate relay.

[0092] Determining unit 330 is configured to perform a weighted sum operation on the total uplink traffic volume and the total downlink traffic volume of each cellular network terminal that can be a candidate relay, to obtain the total uplink and downlink traffic volume of each cellular network terminal that can be a candidate relay. The weight of the total uplink traffic volume and the weight of the total downlink traffic volume of each cellular network terminal that can be a candidate relay are determined based on the quality of service level of the uplink traffic and the quality of service level of the downlink traffic.

[0093] The determination unit 330 is configured to: if there is one cellular network terminal with the smallest total uplink and downlink traffic volume that can be used as a candidate relay, determine the cellular network terminal with the smallest total uplink and downlink traffic volume that can be used as a candidate relay as the cellular network terminal to be used as the formal relay; or, if there are multiple cellular network terminals with the smallest total uplink and downlink traffic volume that can be used as candidate relays, determine the cellular network terminal with the smallest total uplink and downlink traffic volume that can be used as a candidate relay and the largest difference information as the cellular network terminal to be used as the formal relay.

[0094] Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of a base station according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown.

[0095] like Figure 4 As shown, the base station 400 of this embodiment includes: a memory 410 and a processor 420 coupled to the memory 410 , and the processor 420 is configured to execute the communication method in any of the aforementioned embodiments based on instructions stored in the memory 410 .

[0096] The base station 400 may further include an input / output interface 430 , a network interface 440 , a storage interface 450 , etc. These interfaces 430 , 440 , 450 , the memory 410 , and the processor 420 may be connected via a bus 460 , for example.

[0097] The memory 410 may include, for example, a system memory, a fixed non-volatile storage medium, etc. The system memory may store, for example, an operating system, application programs, a boot loader, and other programs.

[0098] The processor 420 may be implemented using a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, or discrete hardware components such as discrete gates or transistors.

[0099] Among them, the input and output interface 430 provides a connection interface for input and output devices such as a display, mouse, keyboard, and touch screen. The network interface 440 provides a connection interface for various networked devices. The storage interface 450 provides a connection interface for external storage devices such as SD cards and USB flash drives. The bus 460 can use any of a variety of bus structures. For example, bus structures include but are not limited to the Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, the Micro Channel Architecture (MCA) bus, and the Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus.

[0100] Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon. When the program is executed by a processor, the steps of the communication method are implemented.

[0101] (1) A communication method for integrating backscattering Internet of Things with a cellular network, applied to a base station, comprising:

[0102] If the information uploaded by the backscatter IoT device is not received within the specified time, the connected cellular network terminal is notified to feedback its location information;

[0103] Selecting cellular network terminals that can serve as candidate relays based on location information of each cellular network terminal;

[0104] Determining a cellular network terminal to be a formal relay from among cellular network terminals that can be candidate relays;

[0105] Notify the cellular network terminal that serves as the official relay to enable the relay function so that the cellular network terminal that serves as the official relay can relay information between the backscatter IoT device and the base station.

[0106] (2) According to (1), selecting cellular network terminals that can serve as candidate relays includes: selecting cellular network terminals that can serve as candidate relays based on the transmission power and transmission frequency of each cellular network terminal and the distance between the cellular network terminal and the backscattering IoT device, wherein the distance between the cellular network terminal and the backscattering IoT device is determined based on the location information of the cellular network terminal and the location information of the backscattering IoT device.

[0107] (3) According to (1) or (2), the cellular network terminals that can be selected as candidate relays include:

[0108] Determine the path loss of each cellular network terminal based on the transmission frequency of each cellular network terminal and the distance between the cellular network terminal and the backscatter IoT device;

[0109] Calculate the difference between the transmit power of each cellular network terminal and the path loss and fade margin;

[0110] The cellular network terminal whose difference information is greater than or equal to the sensitivity of the backscatter Internet of Things device is determined as a cellular network terminal that can be used as a candidate relay.

[0111] (4) According to (1), (2), or (3), the fade margin is determined based on at least one of terrain and weather.

[0112] (5) According to (1) or (2) or (3) or (4), determining the cellular network terminal to be the official relay includes: evaluating the total uplink and downlink traffic volume of each cellular network terminal that can be a candidate relay; and determining the cellular network terminal to be the official relay from the cellular network terminals that can be candidate relays based on the total uplink and downlink traffic volume of each cellular network terminal that can be a candidate relay.

[0113] (6) According to (1) or (2) or (3) or (4) or (5), the cellular network terminal determined to be a formal relay includes:

[0114] If there is a cellular network terminal with the smallest total uplink and downlink traffic volume that can be used as a candidate relay, the cellular network terminal with the smallest total uplink and downlink traffic volume that can be used as a candidate relay is determined as the cellular network terminal to be used as the official relay; or

[0115] If there are multiple cellular network terminals with the smallest total uplink and downlink traffic volume that can serve as candidate relays, the cellular network terminal with the smallest total uplink and downlink traffic volume and the largest difference information that can serve as a candidate relay will be determined as the cellular network terminal serving as the official relay.

[0116] (7) According to (1) or (2) or (3) or (4) or (5) or (6), evaluating the total uplink and downlink traffic of each cellular network terminal that can serve as a candidate relay includes: performing a weighted sum operation on the total uplink traffic and the total downlink traffic of each cellular network terminal that can serve as a candidate relay to obtain the total uplink and downlink traffic of each cellular network terminal that can serve as a candidate relay.

[0117] (8) According to (1) or (2) or (3) or (4) or (5) or (6) or (7), the weight of the total amount of uplink traffic and the weight of the total amount of downlink traffic of each cellular network terminal that can serve as a candidate relay are determined according to the service quality level of the uplink traffic and the service quality level of the downlink traffic.

[0118] (9) According to (1) or (2) or (3) or (4) or (5) or (6) or (7) or (8), after receiving the notification of starting the relay function, the cellular network terminal serving as the official relay turns on the relay function, transmits an excitation signal to the backscattering IoT device, receives information transmitted by the backscattering IoT device based on the excitation signal, and forwards the information to the base station.

[0119] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that embodiments of the present disclosure may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present disclosure may take the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Furthermore, the present disclosure may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more non-transitory computer-readable storage media (including but not limited to magnetic disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer program code.

[0120] The present disclosure is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to the embodiments of the present disclosure. It should be understood that each process and / or box in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of the processes and / or boxes in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0121] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to work in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0122] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operational steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable device for implementing the process. Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps for the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0123] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure and is not intended to limit the present disclosure. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present disclosure should be included in the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A communication method, applied to a base station, comprising: If the information uploaded by the backscatter IoT device is not received within the specified time, the connected cellular network terminal is notified to feedback its location information; According to the location information of each cellular network terminal, a cellular network terminal that can be used as a candidate relay is selected. The cellular network terminal that can be used as a candidate relay satisfies P UE (T)-Pathloss(f,d)-Δ≥A BD , P UE (T) is the transmission power of the connected cellular network terminal at the current time slot T, Pathloss(f,d) is the path loss, which is related to the transmission frequency f of the cellular network terminal and the distance d between the cellular network terminal and the backscattering IoT device, Δ is the fading margin, A BD The sensitivity of IoT devices for backscattering; According to B = αB d +βB u , B represents the total uplink and downlink traffic of cellular network terminals, B d is the total downlink traffic volume of cellular network terminals, B u is the total uplink traffic volume of the cellular network terminal, α and β are weight factors, and the total uplink and downlink traffic volume of each cellular network terminal that can serve as a candidate relay is evaluated. Based on the total uplink and downlink traffic volume of each cellular network terminal that can serve as a candidate relay, the cellular network terminal that can serve as the official relay is determined from the cellular network terminals that can serve as candidate relays; Notify the cellular network terminal that serves as the official relay to enable the relay function so that the cellular network terminal that serves as the official relay can relay information between the backscatter IoT device and the base station.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein The distance between the cellular network terminal and the backscatter IoT device is determined based on the location information of the cellular network terminal and the location information of the backscatter IoT device.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein selecting a cellular network terminal that can serve as a candidate relay comprises: Determine the path loss of each cellular network terminal based on the transmission frequency of each cellular network terminal and the distance between the cellular network terminal and the backscatter IoT device; Calculate the difference between the transmit power of each cellular network terminal and the path loss and fade margin; The cellular network terminal whose difference information is greater than or equal to the sensitivity of the backscatter Internet of Things device is determined as a cellular network terminal that can be used as a candidate relay. The method according to claim 3 , wherein the fade margin is determined according to at least one of terrain and weather.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein determining the cellular network terminal to be used as the official relay comprises: If there is a cellular network terminal with the smallest total uplink and downlink traffic volume that can be used as a candidate relay, the cellular network terminal with the smallest total uplink and downlink traffic volume that can be used as a candidate relay is determined as the cellular network terminal to be used as the official relay; or Calculate the difference information between the transmission power of each cellular network terminal and the path loss and fading margin. If there are multiple cellular network terminals that have the smallest total uplink and downlink traffic volume and can serve as candidate relays, the cellular network terminal that has the smallest total uplink and downlink traffic volume and the largest difference information and can serve as a candidate relay will be determined as the cellular network terminal that serves as the official relay.

6. According to the method described in any one of claims 1-4, the weight factor of the total uplink traffic volume and the weight factor of the total downlink traffic volume of each cellular network terminal that can serve as a candidate relay are determined according to the service quality level of the uplink traffic and the service quality level of the downlink traffic.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising: After receiving the notification to activate the relay function, the cellular network terminal serving as the official relay activates the relay function, transmits an excitation signal to the backscatter IoT device, receives information transmitted by the backscatter IoT device based on the excitation signal, and forwards the information to the base station.

8. A base station, comprising: Memory; as well as A processor coupled to the memory, wherein the processor is configured to execute the communication method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 based on instructions stored in the memory.

9. A base station, comprising: The first notification unit is configured to notify the connected cellular network terminal to feedback its location information if the information uploaded by the backscatter IoT device is not received within a specified time; The selection unit is configured to select cellular network terminals that can be used as candidate relays according to the location information of each cellular network terminal. The cellular network terminals that can be used as candidate relays meet the requirements of P UE (T)-Pathloss(f,d)-Δ≥A BD , P UE (T) is the transmission power of the connected cellular network terminal at the current time slot T, Pathloss(f,d) is the path loss, which is related to the transmission frequency f of the cellular network terminal and the distance d between the cellular network terminal and the backscattering IoT device, Δ is the fading margin, A BD The sensitivity of IoT devices for backscattering; The determining unit is configured to determine the d +βB u , B represents the total uplink and downlink traffic of cellular network terminals, B d is the total downlink traffic volume of cellular network terminals, B u is the total uplink traffic volume of the cellular network terminal, α and β are weight factors, and the total uplink and downlink traffic volume of each cellular network terminal that can serve as a candidate relay is evaluated. Based on the total uplink and downlink traffic volume of each cellular network terminal that can serve as a candidate relay, the cellular network terminal that can serve as the official relay is determined from the cellular network terminals that can serve as candidate relays; The second notification unit is configured to notify the cellular network terminal serving as the formal relay to enable the relay function, so that the cellular network terminal serving as the formal relay can relay information between the backscattering IoT device and the base station.

10. The base station according to claim 9, wherein the selection unit is configured to determine the distance between the cellular network terminal and the backscattering Internet of Things device according to the location information of the cellular network terminal and the location information of the backscattering Internet of Things device.

11. A communication system comprising: The base station according to any one of claims 8 to 10; Backscatter IoT devices; The cellular network terminal is configured to respond to the notification of the base station, feedback its location information to the base station, turn on the relay function, and relay information between the backscatter IoT device and the base station.

12. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein when the program is executed by a processor, the steps of the communication method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

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