Information code, information code printing medium, information code generating apparatus, information code generating program, information code generating method, information code reading apparatus, information code reading program, and information code reading method

Abstract

The present invention relates to an information code, an information code printing medium, an information code generating apparatus, an information code generating program, an information code generating method, an information code reading apparatus, an information code reading program, and an information code reading method. An information code (Cd2) records information read by a bar code reader and a code scanner. A plurality of bars (Br) and a plurality of spaces (Sp) are included in the information code (Cd2), and the plurality of bars (Br) and the plurality of spaces (Sp) form a bar code (Cd1) that records item information recognized by the bar code reader. Also, the plurality of bars (Br) and the plurality of spaces (Sp) record tracking information recognized by the code scanner by an arrangement of a plurality of colors defined so as not to change the discrimination of the bar code reader. The tracking information is recorded in a form including a hash value.

Description

[0001] Cross-references to related applications

[0002] This application is based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2020-101758, filed in Japan on June 11, 2020, and the contents of the basic application are referenced in their entirety. Technical Field

[0003] The disclosure in this specification relates to a technology that records information codes. Background Technology

[0004] In the barcode disclosed in Patent Document 1, a portion of the normally black bars is colored blue, etc. Similarly, a portion of the spaces between the normally white bars is colored red, etc. When such a barcode is read using a conventional barcode reader, the colored bars and spaces are identified as the same as the normal bars and spaces. On the other hand, if the barcode is read using a camera device, the colored bars and spaces are distinguished as the normal black bars and white spaces. Therefore, the camera device can read information that cannot be read by a barcode reader.

[0005] Patent Document 1: International Publication No. 2009 / 054363

[0006] The barcode in Patent Document 1 suffers from a lack of convenience. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this disclosure is to provide information codes, etc., that record multiple types of information and ensure convenience.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, one disclosed method is an information code, which is an information code that records information read by a first reader and a second reader, including multiple bar regions and multiple empty regions formed between the multiple bar regions. The multiple bar regions and the multiple empty regions form a bar code that records first information identified by the first reader. At least one of the multiple bar regions and the multiple empty regions records second information identified by the second reader in the form of a hash value by arranging multiple colors that are defined not to change the discrimination of the bar regions and empty regions by the first reader.

[0009] In this method, the second information, which is recognized by the second reader, is recorded in the form of a hash value. The length of this hash value is predetermined, so that even if the content of the second information changes, the information code can still appropriately record the second information. Based on the above, even if the amount of information that can be recorded as the second information is limited, the convenience of the information code can be ensured.

[0010] Further, one aspect of the present disclosure is an information code that records information read by a first reader and a second reader, and includes a plurality of bar regions and a plurality of space regions formed between the plurality of bar regions, the plurality of bar regions and the plurality of space regions forming a bar code that records first information identified by the first reader, at least one of the plurality of bar regions and the plurality of space regions recording second information identified by the second reader by arrangement of a plurality of colors having different lightness within a range that does not change the discrimination of the first reader with respect to the bar regions and the space regions.

[0011] In this aspect, the second information identified by the second reader is recorded by arrangement of a plurality of colors having different lightness within a range that does not change the discrimination of the first reader. Therefore, even if the output unit of the information code does not correspond to colors, the information code that records the second information can be used. Therefore, the convenience of the information code can be ensured.

[0012] Further, one aspect of the present disclosure is an information code that records information read by a first reader and a second reader, and includes a plurality of bar regions and a plurality of space regions formed between the plurality of bar regions, the plurality of bar regions and the plurality of space regions forming a bar code that records first information identified by the first reader, a predetermined pattern being formed in at least one of the plurality of bar regions and the plurality of space regions, the second information identified by the second reader being recorded using arrangement of regions in which the pattern is formed.

[0013] In this aspect, the second information identified by the second reader is recorded by arrangement of regions in which the predetermined pattern is formed. Therefore, even if the output unit of the information code does not correspond to color output and intermediate color output, the information code that records the second information can be used. Therefore, the convenience of the information code can be ensured.

[0014] Further, one aspect of the present disclosure is an information code that records first information read by a first reader and second information read by a second reader, and includes a plurality of units arranged in two dimensions, the plurality of units including: a light color unit; a dark color unit; a first intermediate color unit that is set to a first intermediate color closer to the light color unit than to the dark color unit, and is discriminated as the same as the light color unit in the first reader and distinguished from the light color unit in the second reader; and a second intermediate color unit that is set to a second intermediate color closer to the dark color unit than to the light color unit, and is discriminated as the same as the dark color unit in the first reader and distinguished from the dark color unit in the second reader.

[0015] In this mode, by including the first intermediate color unit and the second intermediate color unit in the information code, it is possible to record the first information recognized by the first reader and the second information recognized by the second reader in one information code. Also, it is possible to record the second information by the plurality of units arranged two-dimensionally, and it is easy to secure the amount of information that can be recorded as the second information. As a result, it is also possible to secure the convenience of the information code.

[0016] In addition, one mode disclosed is an information code generation method that generates an information code in which information read by a first reader and a second reader is recorded, the processing performed by at least one processor including the steps of: acquiring a barcode including a plurality of bar-shaped regions and a plurality of empty regions, and recording first information recognized by the first reader; deciding a color matching pattern based on second information recognized by the second reader, the color matching pattern being a color matching pattern applied to at least one of the plurality of bar-shaped regions and the plurality of empty regions, and using a plurality of colors specified so as not to change the discrimination of the bar-shaped regions and the empty regions by the first reader; generating a plurality of candidates in which the arrangement of the plurality of colors is different from each other by applying a mask of a plurality of patterns to the color matching pattern; and selecting one adoption pattern from the plurality of candidates.

[0017] In this mode, by the processing of applying the mask of the plurality of patterns, it is possible to adjust the area ratio of each color used for the recording of the second information. According to the above, it is possible to use the information code of the color matching pattern suitable for the additional item or the like. Therefore, it is possible to secure the convenience of the information code.

[0018] In addition, the reference numbers in parentheses in the claims and the like only indicate the correspondence with the specific structure in the embodiments described later, and do not limit the technical scope in any way. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is a diagram showing the entire image of a case in which the traceable system according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure is used together with an existing circulation management system.

[0020] Figure 2 is a detailed diagram showing a barcode used by the circulation management system.

[0021] Figure 3 is a detailed diagram showing an information code of a pattern 1 that the traceable system can use.

[0022] Figure 4 is a detailed diagram showing an information code of a pattern 2.

[0023] Figure 5 is a detailed diagram showing an information code of a pattern 3.

[0024] Figure 6is a diagram showing a two-dimensional code read from the information code of Fig. 3.

[0025] Figure 7 is a detailed table showing the format information.

[0026] Figure 8 is a detailed flowchart showing the code generation processing implemented in the history management server.

[0027] Figure 9 is a diagram showing a representative example of a mask pattern applied in the mask processing.

[0028] Figure 10 is a detailed flowchart showing the code reading processing implemented in the code scanner.

[0029] Figure 11 is a diagram showing an overall view in the case where the traceable system according to the second embodiment is used together with an existing circulation management system.

[0030] Figure 12 is a detailed flowchart showing the code generation processing of the second embodiment.

[0031] Figure 13 is a detailed diagram showing the information code of the second embodiment.

[0032] Figure 14 is a detailed diagram showing the information code of the third embodiment.

[0033] Figure 15 is a detailed diagram showing the information code according to the modification example 1.

[0034] Figure 16 is a detailed diagram showing the information code according to the modification example 2.

[0035] Figure 17 is a detailed diagram showing the information code according to the modification example 3.

[0036] Figure 18 is a detailed diagram showing the information code according to the modification example 4.

[0037] Figure 19 is a detailed diagram showing the information code according to the modification example 5.

[0038] Figure 20 is a detailed diagram showing the information code according to the modification example 6. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] Hereinafter, a plurality of embodiments of the present disclosure will be described based on the drawings. In addition, sometimes, a repeated explanation is omitted by adding the same reference numerals to the corresponding constituent elements in each embodiment. In each embodiment, only a part of the constitution is explained, and the other part of the constitution can apply the constitution of the other embodiment explained in advance. In addition, not only the combination of the constitution explicitly shown in the explanation of each embodiment, but also the constitution of a plurality of embodiments can be combined with each other partially even if not explicitly shown, as long as there is no particular hindrance to the combination. Furthermore, the unexplained combination of the constitution described in a plurality of embodiments and modified examples is also disclosed by the following explanation.

[0040] (First Embodiment)

[0041] As Figure 1 indicated, the traceable system 120 according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure is a management system that manages transaction records of items transacted among transactioners in a supply chain SC constructed including a plurality of transactioners. The supply chain SC is, for example, a connection of transactioners for sending industrial products, agricultural products, and aquatic products, and the like to consumers. As one example, in a supply chain SC for sending agricultural products to consumers, the transactioners include a farmer TR1, an agricultural cooperative TR2 as a centralized cargo facility, a transport operator TR3, and a retailer TR4, and the like.

[0042] The management of the above-described supply chain SC uses an existing circulation management system 110. The circulation management system 110 corresponds to an old management system, and the traceable system 120 corresponds to a new management system. The traceable system 120 is not changed from the existing circulation management system 110, but is used together with the circulation management system 110. Hereinafter, the details of the circulation management system 110 and the traceable system 120 will be explained in turn.

[0043] <Circulation Management System 110>

[0044] The circulation management system 110 collects transaction records of transaction items among transactioners using a bar code Cd1 (refer to Figure 2 ). The circulation management system 110 is constituted by an input terminal 11, a label printer 12, a bar code reader 13, a system server 10, and the like. The input terminal 11, the label printer 12, and the bar code reader 13 are appropriately provided at the facilities of each transactioner. The input terminal 11, the label printer 12, and the bar code reader 13 are connected to the system server 10 provided at a data center or the like through a network.

[0045] The input terminal 11 is, for example, a personal computer or a tablet terminal. Basic information about the traded items (e.g., vegetables and fruits) supplied to the supply chain SC is entered into the input terminal 11 according to a prescribed format. As an example, the basic information includes the item name, place of origin, production equipment, and producer. The input terminal 11 then sends the entered basic information as the outgoing information for the traded items to the system server 10.

[0046] Label printer 12 is an output device that prints barcode Cd1 on paper media (such as stickers). The paper media with the printed barcode Cd1 is affixed as a label to the packaging or outer box of the product being shipped, and circulated as an accessory to the product. Label printer 12 obtains the data of the barcode Cd1 generated by system server 10 via a network. The barcode Cd1 is notified to label printer 12 in the form of image data or text data. Label printer 12 can be either a monochrome printer capable of monochrome printing only, or a color printer capable of color printing.

[0047] The barcode reader 13 is a reading device that reads the information (hereinafter referred to as item information) recorded on the barcode Cd1. The barcode reader 13 consists of a light-emitting unit, a light-receiving unit, and a signal processing unit. The light-emitting unit has a light source such as a red LED (Light Emitting Diode) or a semiconductor laser. The light-emitting unit illuminates the barcode Cd1 with red light or laser light.

[0048] The light-receiving unit is a structure primarily composed of an image sensor with CCD (Charge Coupled Device) elements arranged in a one-dimensional array. The light-receiving unit receives reflected light from the barcode Cd1. The reflectivity of the light source in the barcode Cd1 is as shown in the reference Br. Figure 2 The portion of ) decreased significantly, while the portion of empty Sp (reference) decreased significantly. Figure 2 The portion of the light receiving unit is relatively high. The light receiving unit outputs an analog waveform reflecting the brightness of the reflected light caused by the arrangement of the bars Br and the empty spaces Sp to the signal processing unit.

[0049] The signal processing unit converts the analog waveform AD input from the light receiving unit into a digital waveform. In the digital waveform, compared to the analog waveform, bars Br and spaces Sp can be clearly distinguished. The signal processing unit decodes the digital waveform according to prescribed rules to obtain the item information recorded by the barcode Cd1. The signal processing unit sends the obtained item information to the system server 10.

[0050] The system server 10 is a master node capable of communicating with the input terminal 11, the label printer 12, and the barcode reader 13. The system server 10 registers the basic information acquired from the input terminal 11. The system server 10 prepares the item information associated with the basic information, generates a barcode Cd1 in which the item information is recorded. The system server 10 transmits image data or the like of the generated barcode Cd1 toward the label printer 12 that is the transmission source of the basic information.

[0051] Also, the system server 10 registers the transaction record of the trader who is the transmission source of the item information, if the system server 10 acquires the item information transmitted from the barcode reader 13. Specifically, the system server 10 accumulates the trader name, the transaction place, the transaction time, and the transaction environment (for example, the facility temperature) of the item as the transaction record.

[0052] In addition, in the circulation management system 110, the barcode reader 13 can not be provided at the facility of all the traders. As one example, the barcode reader 13 can not be provided at the facilities of the agricultural cooperative TR2 and the transport business TR3, which are intermediate traders. In addition to this, the label printer 12 can be provided at the facility other than the farmer TR1. For example, in the case where the transaction item of the purchase is assigned to a plurality of retail stores, the label printer 12 for printing the label attached to each transaction item can be provided at the facility of each trader.

[0053] <Traceable System 120>

[0054] The traceable system 120 is used in conjunction with the circulation management system 110, and accumulates the transaction record similarly to the circulation management system 110. The traceable system 120 has a record reference function of providing the transaction record in a referenceable manner, in addition to a record generation function of accumulating the transaction record. In the traceable system 120, the management of the transaction record uses the technology of the blockchain for the purpose of preventing falsification of the transaction record.

[0055] The traceable system 120 collects the transaction record using an information code Cd2 generated on the basis of the barcode Cd1 issued by the system server 10 (refer to Figures 3-5 ). In the traceable system 120, a plurality of kinds (patterns 1 to 3) of information codes Cd2 described later can be used. In each information code Cd2, the recording method of the information added for the purpose of ensuring traceability is different from each other as described later.

[0056] The traceable system 120 is constituted by the code output machine 22, a plurality of (many) code scanners 23, and the history management server 20, and the like. In the traceable system 120, the input terminal 11 and the label printer 12 of the circulation management system 110 can be utilized. The code output machine 22, the code scanner 23, and the input terminal 11 are connected to the history management server 20 provided in a data center or the like through a network.

[0057] The code output machine 22 is provided in the facility of the trader (for example, the farmer TR1) who sets the label printer 12. The code output machine 22 is provided in the form of a communication line inserted between the system server 10 and the label printer 12. The code output machine 22 acquires the data of the bar code Cd1 transmitted from the system server 10 to the label printer 12. The code output machine 22 transmits the data of the acquired bar code Cd1 to the history management server 20.

[0058] The code output machine 22 receives the image data or the text data of the information code Cd2 or the like from the history management server 20. The information code Cd2 is generated on the basis of the transmitted bar code Cd1, and also records information (hereinafter, referred to as trace information) for the traceable system 120. The code output machine 22 transmits the data of the information code Cd2 to the label printer 12 instead of the data of the bar code Cd1.

[0059] By the intervention of the above code output machine 22, the label printer 12 prints the information code Cd2 on the paper medium without recognizing the change of the acquired code data. As a result, the paper medium (label) on which the information code Cd2 is printed instead of the bar code Cd1 is attached to the transaction item. By the above, the information code Cd2 circulates in the state of being attached to the transaction item.

[0060] In addition, the code output machine 22 can also be provided in the facility of the trader other than the farmer TR1 as well as the label printer 12. Also, the label printer for the traceable system 120 can be provided in the facility of the trader other than the farmer TR1. Such a label printer prints a new information code Cd2 issued for each transaction of the item on the paper medium. In such a mode, as the transaction of the item progresses, the content of the information code Cd2 is updated to the content reflecting the transaction record up to then.

[0061] The code scanner 23 is a reading device which reads the trace information recorded in the information code Cd2, that is, the information attached to the bar code Cd1 separately from the item information. Since the code scanner 23 is a structure which scans the same object as the bar code reader 13, it can also be physically integrated with the bar code reader 13. In the traceable system 120, the code scanner 23 is provided in the facility of the trader in principle. Thereby, in the traceable system 120, the transaction record is accumulated more than the circulation management system 110.

[0062] The code scanner 23 is configured of a region sensor in which CCD elements are two-dimensionally arranged, a signal processing section 23p, and the like. The region sensor is capable of reading information recorded in a plane at a higher resolution than the bar code reader 13. In addition to this, the region sensor is capable of detecting not only the density (difference in brightness) of the colors of the bars Br and the spaces Sp (refer to Figure 3 and the like), but also the difference in hue and the difference in chroma.

[0063] The signal processing section 23p has a storage section that stores an information code reading program and the like, a processing section that performs the code reading processing (refer to Figure 10 ) described later based on the information code reading program, and a RAM. The signal processing section 23p decodes the reading signal of the region sensor according to a prescribed rule by the code reading processing, and acquires the tracking information recorded separately from the item information in the information code Cd2. The signal processing section 23p performs communication for leaving a transaction record with the history management server 20 based on the acquired tracking information.

[0064] The history management server 20 is a master node capable of communicating with the input terminal 11 in addition to the code output machine 22 and the code scanner 23. The history management server 20 is a structure in which a computer having a processing section 20p, a RAM 20r, a storage section 20s, an input / output interface, and a bus connecting them, and the like are main bodies. The processing section 20p is hardware for arithmetic processing in combination with the RAM 20r. The processing section 20p performs various processes related to data management by accessing the RAM 20r. The information code generation program for causing the processing section 20p to perform the code generation processing (refer to Figure 8 ) described later is stored in the storage section 20s as one of the supply chain management programs related to data management.

[0065] The history management server 20 is capable of acquiring the basic information transmitted from the input terminal 11 to the system server 10. In addition to this, the history management server 20 is capable of acquiring the notification of the gist of the reading of the information code Cd2 from the code scanner 23 of each transaction person. The history management server 20 generates a block chain in which the transaction records of the respective transaction persons are linked as one block for each transaction item based on the information acquisition from the input terminal 11 and the code scanner 23.

[0066] In detail, the history management server 20 generates an initial block in which the basic information is stored if the basic information from the input terminal 11 is acquired. Also, the history management server 20 calculates a hash value of a prescribed number of bits (for example, 256 bits) by processing in which a hash function such as SHA-256 is input with the data of the initial block including the basic information.

[0067] When the history management server 20 acquires the data of the bar code Cd1 from the code outputter 22, it generates the information code Cd2 in which the hash value described above is recorded, through the code generation process (see FIG. 6) described later, and transmits it to the code outputter 22. Thus, the hash value based on the basic information is recorded in the information code Cd2, and circulated together with the transaction item. Figure 8

[0068] When the history management server 20 acquires the notification from the code scanner 23, it generates a new block in which the transaction record of the transactioner who is the notification source is stored. In the new block, in addition to the transaction record of this time, the hash value calculated from the previous block is also included. The history management server 20 repeatedly reflects the calculation of the hash value of the flow process up to this point according to the progress of the transaction of the item between the transactioners.

[0069] When the transactioner needs a new information code Cd2, the history management server 20 calculates the hash value of the new block. Then, the system server 10 generates again the information code Cd2 in which the calculated hash value is recorded, and transmits the data of the regenerated information code Cd2 to the code outputter 22 or the label printer at the request source.

[0070] In addition, the hash function used by the history management server 20 is a cryptographic hash function, which has a characteristic that the same hash value is not outputted according to different inputs, and the input cannot be inferred from the output hash value in principle. For example, instead of the above-described SHA-256, SHA-1, SHA-2, and SHA-3, and the like can be appropriately used according to the required output length (number of bits).

[0071] The history management server 20 issues a tracking code QRt attached to the final product FP of the supply chain SC. The tracking code QRt is a two-dimensional code such as a QR code (registered trademark). The tracking code QRt is printed on the package of the final product FP, or attached to the final product FP in the form of a label or the like. The tracking code QRt enables the consumer who obtains the final product FP to confirm the transaction record. As one example, in the tracking code QRt, the hash value calculated from the last block of the block chain, and the IP address or URL indicating the inquiry destination of the transaction record are recorded.

[0072] ​The consumer of the final product FP can view the transaction record of the final product FP, for example, by using the user terminal 30 such as a smartphone and a tablet terminal and using the traceability confirmation application. Specifically, the user terminal 30, if reading the tracking code QRt attached to the final product FP, transmits a reference request of the transaction record to the history management server 20 serving as an inquiry destination, together with the hash value. The history management server 20, if receiving the reference request, extracts the transaction record associated with the hash value, and generates the provision data. The history management server 20 transmits the generated provision data to the user terminal 30 serving as the source of the reference request. The consumer of the final product FP can confirm the history of the transaction record by using the traceability confirmation application and expanding the provision data received from the history management server 20.

[0073] Next, the following is based on Figures 2-7 , and Figure 1 With reference to the drawings, a detailed description will be given of each of the bar code Cd1 and the information code Cd2 issued by the circulation management system 110 and the traceability system 120 described so far.

[0074] <Bar code Cd1>

[0075] Figure 2 The bar code Cd1 illustrated in the drawing includes a plurality of bars Br and a plurality of spaces Sp. The area of each bar Br is colored darker than the area of each space Sp. Generally, the area of each bar Br is colored black. On the other hand, the area of each space Sp is colored lighter than the bar Br (background color). Generally, the area of each space Sp is colored white.

[0076] The bar code Cd1 records the item information recognized by the bar code reader 13 by the arrangement of the plurality of bars Br and the plurality of spaces Sp. In the following description, the direction in which each bar Br extends is referred to as the extension direction ED, and the direction orthogonal to the extension direction ED, i.e., the direction in which each bar Br is arranged, is referred to as the long side direction LD of the bar code Cd1.

[0077] As one example, the bar code Cd1 uses the JAN (Japanese Article Number) code. The bar code Cd1 can also use standards other than the JAN code, such as CODE39, CODE128, NW-7, and ITF. In the bar code Cd1 based on the JAN code, the white spaces LM and RM, the guard bars GbL and GbR, the center bar CB, the first data area DA1, and the second data area DA2 are defined.

[0078] The blank areas LM, RM are areas of blank defined at both ends of the long side direction LD of the bar code Cd1. The guard bars GbL, GbR are defined inside the left and right blank areas LM, RM, respectively, and include two bars Br. The center bar CB is defined at the center of the long side direction LD of the bar code Cd1, and includes two bars Br. As an example, the bars Br arranged in the guard bars GbL, GbR and the center bar CB are slightly longer than the bars Br arranged in the first data area DA1 and the second data area DA2. Alternatively, the lengths of such bars Br can all be the same.

[0079] The first data area DA1 is an area defined between the left guard bar GbL and the center bar CB. The second data area DA2 is an area defined between the center bar CB and the right guard bar GbR. In each of the data areas DA1, DA2, a six-digit numerical value is recorded. In each of the data areas DA1, DA2, two bars Br and two spaces Sp are set as one unit for recording one numerical value. Specifically, any one of the numerical values from 0 to 9 is expressed by the arrangement of a narrow bar, a wide bar, a narrow space, and a wide space. In detail, the data from 0 to 9 is expressed by one character composed of seven columns. Two black bars and two white bars are provided in one character. The data from 0 to 9 is defined by the combination of 1 column of black, 2 columns of black, 3 columns of black, 4 columns of black, 1 column of white, 2 columns of white, 3 columns of white, and 4 columns of white. There is no black or white column of 5 columns or more because if there are 5 columns or more, the other black or white column cannot be expressed within the seven columns. Also, by the recording method of each numerical value of the first data area DA1, the numerical value of the first digit of the bar code Cd1, that is, the numerical value recorded on the left side of the left guard bar GbL is recorded.

[0080] In the above bar code Cd1, the seven-digit or nine-digit numerical value on the left side is a company code including a country code. Also, the five-digit or three-digit numerical value immediately following the company code is set as a product code for identifying a product. Furthermore, the one-digit numerical value at the end (right end) is set as a parity bit for detecting an error in reading. In the bar code reader 13, the company code and the product code are identified as product information.

[0081] <Information Code Cd2>

[0082] Generating the Information Code Cd2 Figures 3-5 The information code Cd2 shown in Figs. 1 to 3 is generated based on the bar code Cd1. The area shapes of the bars Br and the spaces Sp in the bar code Cd1 are not changed and are used as they are in the information code Cd2. In the information code Cd2, tracking information to be recognized by the code scanner 23 is additionally recorded. In the information code Cd2, at least multiple kinds (two kinds) of information, the product information and the tracking information, are recorded.

[0083] The tracking information is recorded in a form including at least a hash value and an IP address. As described above, the hash value is a value obtained by hashing the latest block of the blockchain using a hash function. The IP address is a global IP address assigned to the history management server 20. The IP address indicates the hash value and a storage destination of data, i.e., a data transmission destination at the time of the transaction, or a data reception source of the transaction data.

[0084] Figure 3 The information code Cd2 of the pattern 1 is a color bar code. In the information code Cd2 of the pattern 1, the regions of both the plurality of bars Br and the plurality of spaces Sp are recorded with tracking information by arrangement of a plurality of colors different from each other in hue. The plurality of colors respectively set in the bars Br and the spaces Sp are defined so as not to change the discrimination of the bars Br and the spaces Sp by the bar code reader 13. Therefore, even if recognized as painted in a plurality of colors by the human eye, the bar code reader 13 can read the item information from the information code Cd2 as with the usual bar code Cd1.

[0085] In the information code Cd2 of the pattern 1, as the color of the region of the bar Br, in addition to the reference color black CLbr, a plurality of colors such as red CLb1, green CLb2, navy blue CLb3, purple CLb4, and brown CLb5 are assigned in advance. In addition, as the color of the region of the space Sp, in addition to the reference color white CLwr, yellow CLw1 and the like are assigned in advance.

[0086] Also, in the information code Cd2 of the pattern 1, in the extension direction ED, each region of the plurality of bars Br and the plurality of spaces Sp is divided into a plurality of segments (six segments). The division portions of each region adjacent in the extension direction ED can be adjusted to different color matching from each other, for example, by the mask processing described later. By such adjustment of color matching, the boundaries of each segment of the division become clear.

[0087] Figure 4 The information code Cd2 of the pattern 2 is a monochrome bar code. Even in the information code Cd2 of the pattern 2, tracking information is recorded in the regions of both the plurality of bars Br and the plurality of spaces Sp. Each region of the upper segment and the lower segment of the bar Br and the space Sp is divided into two vertically in such a manner that each length in the extension direction ED is substantially equal. Each region of the bar Br and the space Sp records tracking information including at least a hash value and an IP address by arrangement of a plurality of colors different from each other in luminance.

[0088] In the information code Cd2 of Fig. 2, as the color of the area of the bar Br, in addition to the black color CLbr of the reference color, a dark gray color (for example, 75% gray) CLbn that is slightly higher in lightness than the black color CLbr is assigned in advance. In addition, as the color of the area of the space Sp, in addition to the white color CLwr of the reference color, a light gray color (for example, 25% gray) CLwn that is slightly lower in lightness than the white color CLwr is assigned in advance. The dark gray color CLbn and the light gray color CLwn are defined so as not to change the discrimination of the bar Br and the space Sp by the bar code reader 13.

[0089] Figure 5 The information code Cd2 of Fig. 3 shown is a fusion bar code in which a two-dimensional code (for example, a QR code or the like) is fused with the bar code Cd1. Even the information code Cd2 of Fig. 3 has the tracking information recorded by the arrangement of a plurality of colors that differ in lightness, as with the information code Cd2 of Fig. 2. In the information code Cd2 of Fig. 3, a two-dimensional code portion CdQ that includes a plurality of cells arranged two-dimensionally is formed in the area of each of a plurality of bars Br and a plurality of spaces Sp.

[0090] The two-dimensional code portion CdQ is formed by image processing of a two-dimensional code CdO (refer to Fig. 4) in which the tracking information is recorded overlapping a portion of the bar code Cd1. The two-dimensional code portion CdQ is formed in the bar code Cd1 in a configuration in which the bars Br face the inside of the left guard bar GbL. The length of the extension direction ED of the two-dimensional code portion CdQ is substantially equal to the length of the bars Br of the first data area DA1. Figure 6

[0091] In the information code Cd2, the range in which the two-dimensional code portion CdQ is formed is composed of the four colors of the black color CLbr, the dark gray color CLbn, the light gray color CLwn, and the white color CLwr. Of the plurality of bars Br in which the two-dimensional code portion CdQ is formed, the portion that corresponds to the black cells (dark color cells) of the two-dimensional code CdO becomes the black color CLbr. On the other hand, of the plurality of bars Br in which the two-dimensional code portion CdQ is formed, the portion that corresponds to the white cells (light color cells) of the two-dimensional code CdO becomes the dark gray color CLbn. In addition, of the plurality of spaces Sp in which the two-dimensional code portion CdQ is formed, the portion that corresponds to the black cells of the two-dimensional code CdO becomes the light gray color CLwn. On the other hand, of the plurality of spaces Sp in which the two-dimensional code portion CdQ is formed, the portion that corresponds to the white cells of the two-dimensional code CdO becomes the white color CLwr.

[0092] ​Based on the above color matching rule, the signal processing section 23p of the code scanner 23 converts the portion of the dark gray CLbn located in the area of the bar Br to a white cell, and converts the portion of the light gray CLwn located in the area of the space Sp to a black cell. In addition, the signal processing section 23p directly recognizes the portion of the black CLbr located in the area of the bar Br as a black cell, and directly recognizes the portion of the white CLwr located in the area of the space Sp as a white cell. As a result of the above, as shown in Fig. 2, the signal processing section 23p restores the two-dimensional code CdO before embedding, which is arranged in two dimensions with black cells and white cells. The signal processing section 23p reads out the hash value and the IP address as the tracking information from the restored two-dimensional code CdO, and notifies the history management server 20 of the occurrence of the transaction. Figure 6

[0093] < Data Capacity of Information Code Cd2 >

[0094] Next, the data capacity required for the information code Cd2 will be described in detail.

[0095] In the case where the above-described SHA-256 is used as the hash function, at least "16Λ64 = 1.16 x 10Λ77" of the data capacity (number of bits) is required to record the hash value as the tracking information. In addition, at least "255Λ4 = 4.23 x 10Λ9" of the data capacity is required to record the IP address as the tracking information. As a result of the above, the expected data capacity ensured by the information code Cd2 is "16Λ64 x 255Λ4 = 4.90 x 10Λ86" or more.

[0096] Here, as with the information code Cd2 of Fig. 1 described above (see Fig. 2), in the case where the bar code Cl of the JAN standard is assumed, the data capacity of the color bar code of a plurality of rows is calculated by the following (Formula 1). Figure 3

[0097] Data Capacity = (Number of colors of bar)Λ(30 x number of rows) x (Number of colors of space)Λ(31 x number of rows)

[0098] (Formula 1)

[0099] According to the above (Formula 1), in the case of a color bar code of six rows in which six colors are set to the bar Br and two colors are set to the space Sp, the data capacity is "6Λ180 x 2Λ186 = 1.14 x 10Λ196". That is, the information code Cd2 of Fig. 1 has a data capacity sufficient to record the hash value and the IP address.

[0100] ​​In addition, in the case where six colors are set to the bars Br and two colors are set to the spaces Sp, in order to record the hash value and the IP address, it is preferable to divide the information code Cd2 into three or more rows. In addition, in the case where the recording of the information does not use the spaces Sp, if six colors are set to the bars Br as a premise, it is preferable to divide the information code Cd2 into four or more rows. Furthermore, if it is a premise that the information code Cd2 is divided into six rows, by setting three colors to the bars Br, sufficient data capacity can be ensured.

[0101] In addition, as with the information code Cd2 of the above-described FIG. 2 (refer to Figure 4 ), the set colors of the bars Br and the spaces Sp are two colors each, so in the case where the bar code Cl of the JAN standard is a premise, the data capacity of the single-color bar code of a plurality of rows is calculated by the following (Formula 2).

[0102] Data capacity = 2A(30 x number of rows) x 2A(31 x number of rows)

[0103] ... (Formula 2)

[0104] According to the above (Formula 2), in the case where the single-color bar code is divided into five rows, a data capacity of "2A150 x 2A155 = 6.52 x 10191" is obtained. That is, in the case where the above-described hash value and IP address need to be recorded, it is preferable to use a single-color bar code of five or more rows.

[0105] <Size of information code Cd2>

[0106] In the above-described JAN code, a reference value of the height BH (refer to Figure 2 ) of the bar code Cl is specified as 22.86 mm. In the JAN code, it is also allowed to reduce (cut off) the height BH of the bar code Cl. In addition to this, it is also allowed to reduce the entire bar code Cl to 0.8 times. By the above, in the case where the bar code Cl is cut off to 0.8 times, the height BH of the bar code Cl is 9 mm at the minimum.

[0107] Here, in the above-described fusion bar code (refer to Figure 5 ), the length of one side of the two-dimensional code portion CdQ is actually the same length as the height BH of the bar code Cl. Therefore, it is preferable that the two-dimensional code portion CdQ can be read by the code scanner 23 even if the length of one side is about 9 mm.

[0108] <Format information of information code Cd2>

[0109] In the traceable system 120 assuming the use of the information code Cd2 of a plurality of patterns, the format information indicating the manner in which information is recorded is also recorded in the information code Cd2. The format information is recorded in the guard bars GbL, GbR located at both ends in the long direction LD of the bar code Cl. The bars Br and spaces Sp provided in each of the guard bars GbL, GbR are divided into four in the extension direction ED to record the format information. Thus, the two bars Br and the space Sp therebetween of each of the guard bars GbL, GbR can record four bits of information.

[0110] As shown in the table of Figure 7 , the format information includes at least the kind information indicating the kind of the information code Cd2, the color information indicating the number of colors used, the row number information indicating the presence or absence of division and the number of divisions, and the mask information indicating the mask pattern of the mask processing described later. In addition, Figure 7 The description rules of the color information, the row number information, and the mask information, etc. shown in the table are one example. For example, the black, white, and each gray of the divided portions can be associated with the start and stop of each item in a manner opposite to that described in the table of Figure 7

[0111] The kind information is information indicating which one of the normal bar code Cl (refer to Figure 2 ), the color bar code (refer to Figure 3 ), the monochrome bar code (refer to Figure 4 ), and the fusion bar code (refer to Figure 5 ). The kind information is recorded in two positions located on the diagonal in the left and right guard bars GbL, GbR. As one example, the kind information of the same content is recorded in the first and second segments of the outer bar Br of the left guard bar GbL and the third and fourth segments of the outer bar Br of the right guard bar GbR. The divided portions of each bar Br indicate the kind of the read object by the color matching of black CLbr or dark gray CLbn.

[0112] Specifically, in the case where the read object is the normal bar code Cl, both of the divided portions are black CLbr. In the case where the read object is the color bar code, the upper divided portion is black CLbr and the lower (numeric side) divided portion is dark gray CLbn. In the case where the read object is the monochrome bar code, the upper divided portion is dark gray CLbn and the lower divided portion is black CLbr. In the case where the read object is the fusion bar code, both of the divided portions are dark gray CLbn.

[0113] According to the above code setting, the code scanner 23 can quickly distinguish between the normal bar code Cl and the information code Cd2 including hidden information. In addition, in the fusion bar code, the two-dimensional code portion CdQ (refer to Figure 5 ​The blank (quiet zone) required for the outer periphery of each guard bar GbL is efficiently embedded.

[0114] Color information is recorded in all sections of the middle space Sp and the first and second sections of the inner bar Br in the left guard bar GbL. The first to fourth sections of the middle space Sp respectively indicate the use and non-use of three to six colors. Likewise, the first and second sections of the inner bar Br respectively indicate the use and non-use of seven and eight colors. Each divided portion of the middle space Sp is notified of "non-use" in white CLwr and "use" in light gray CLwn. Each divided portion of the inner bar Br is notified of "non-use" in black CLbr and "use" in dark gray CLbn. According to the above, in the case of a monochrome bar code, the portions where color information is recorded become the usual white CLwr and black CLbr.

[0115] Row number information is recorded in the third and fourth sections of the inner bar Br and the first and second sections of the outer bar Br in the right guard bar GbR. Each divided portion of the bar Br indicates the value (1 to 16) of the row number prescribed by the information code Cd2 by the combination of black CLbr or dark gray CLbn.

[0116] Mask information is recorded in the third and fourth sections of the inner bar Br in the left guard bar GbL and the first and second sections of the inner bar Br in the right guard bar GbR. Each divided portion of the bar Br indicates a number (hereinafter referred to as mask number, refer to Figure 9 ) associated with the mask pattern applied by the combination of black CLbr or dark gray CLbn. In addition, each divided portion of the middle space Sp in the right guard bar GbR is secured as a position for recording other information.

[0117] <Code generation processing and code reading processing>

[0118] Next, the code generation processing of generating the information code Cd2 and the code reading processing of reading the information code Cd2 explained so far will be explained below based on Figures 8-10 and with reference to Figure 1 . Based on the reception of the data of the bar code Cl from the code output machine 22, the history management server 20 starts the code generation processing shown in Figure 8 . On the other hand, based on the input of the reading operation of the operator, the code scanner 23 starts the code reading processing shown in Figure 10 .

[0119] In Figure 8In the code generation process S11 shown, the data of barcode Cd1 sent from the code output device 22 is obtained and proceeds to S12. In S12, the tracking information to be appended to the barcode Cd1 obtained in S11 is prepared and proceeds to S13. In S12, at least the hash value calculated based on the latest block and the pre-registered IP address of the history management server 20 are prepared.

[0120] In S13, based on the tracking information prepared in S12, the color scheme of the barcode Br and space Sp of the barcode Cd1 acquired in S11 is determined, and the process proceeds to S14. In S13, the graphic of the generated information code Cd2 is determined (see reference). Figures 3-5 ), and according to the data format of the graph, convert the hash value and IP address into a multi-color arrangement.

[0121] In S14, masking processing is performed on the reference arrangement of multiple colors generated in S13, applying multiple mask patterns individually, and then proceeding to S15. Based on the masking processing in S14, multiple color scheme patterns with different color arrangements are generated based on the reference color scheme pattern generated in S13. These multiple color scheme patterns with different color trends become candidates for selection in the following steps. Additionally, the guard bars GbL and GbR at the left and right ends of the recording format information are outside the application scope of the masking processing.

[0122] Prepare multiple mask patterns for each type of information code Cd2. In addition, prepare mask patterns corresponding to the row numbers of information codes Cd2. As an example, in... Figure 9 The information code Cd2 applied to Figure 1 is shown (see reference). Figure 3 Sixteen mask patterns are available. Each mask pattern is pre-assigned a mask number. Figure 9 In the mask pattern shown, one cell corresponds to a segment of information code Cd2. In the segment of cells with blank areas, no color change is applied. On the other hand, in the segment of cells with filled areas, the RGB values ​​of a specified color are converted according to prescribed rules. As an example, the segment of the Br line with filled areas is converted to a predetermined color that is close to the complementary color of the original color. Alternatively, one of the multiple mask patterns may be a mask pattern that outputs a reference color scheme pattern unchanged without performing color conversion.

[0123] exist Figure 8In S15, one of the color matching patterns generated by the mask processing of S14 is selected as the adopted pattern. In S15, the index for deciding the adopted pattern can be appropriately changed. As a specific example, the proportions of warm colors and cool colors, the proportions of the colors used, the ink consumption balance when the colors are printed, and the like are set as the index for deciding the adopted pattern. For example, by the setting of the above index, a color matching pattern in which the colors used are roughly evenly used, a color matching pattern in which a specific color similar to the packaging color of the transaction item or the business color of the trader is used more, and the like are adopted.

[0124] In S16, the color matching of the adopted pattern selected in S15 is applied to each region of the bar code Cd 1, and an information code Cd2 for output is generated. Then, the data of the generated information code Cd2 is output (transmitted) to the code output device 22, and the issuance of the information code Cd2 is completed. By the above, the code generation processing ends. In addition, in a case where a notification indicating the generation of a transaction is received from the code scanner 23 and it is determined that the information code Cd2 needs to be reissued, the code generation processing explained so far is also performed up to this point.

[0125] In Figure 10 In S21 of the code reading processing, the position of the information code Cd2 arranged on the item or the packaging or the like is grasped, and S22 is entered. In S22, the format information recorded in the guard bars GbL and GbR of the bar code Cd 1 is read, and S23 is entered. In S23, based on the format information read in S22, the format (the kind of the information code Cd2) of the information for tracing recorded in the information code Cd2 and the pattern of the mask applied to the information code Cd2 are grasped, and S24 is entered.

[0126] In S24, based on the content of the format information grasped in S23, the color matching pattern of each region of the information code Cd2 is decoded, the information for tracing, that is, the hash value and the IP address are acquired, and S25 is entered. In S25, the hash value is transmitted to the history management server 20 of the IP address acquired in S24, and the code reading processing ends. The transmission of the hash value in S25 becomes the notification of the generation of a transaction on the item associated with the hash value.

[0127] <Summary of the First Embodiment>

[0128] In the first embodiment explained so far, the information for tracing recognized by the code scanner 23 is recorded in the form of a hash value included. The length (the number of bits) of such a hash value is decided in advance according to the hash function used. Therefore, even if the content of the information for tracing changes, the information code Cd2 can appropriately record the second information. According to the above, even if the information code Cd2 is one in which the amount of information that can be recorded as the information for tracing is limited, convenience can be ensured.

[0129] In addition, in the information code Cd2 of the pattern 3 of the first embodiment, the tracking information to be recognized by the code scanner 23 is recorded by arranging a plurality of colors different in lightness within a range not changing the discrimination by the bar code reader 13. Specifically, the tracking information is recorded by arranging the black color CLbr, the dark gray color CLbn, the light gray color CLwn, and the white color CLwr. If the information code Cd2 is such a monochromatic color pattern, even if the label printer 12 used as the output unit does not correspond to colors, the information code Cd2 in which the tracking information is recorded can be used. Therefore, the convenience of the information code Cd2 can be ensured.

[0130] In addition, in the first embodiment, the area ratio of the various colors used for recording the tracking information is adjusted by the mask processing of applying the masks of a plurality of patterns. According to the above, the information code Cd2 of a color pattern (color balance) suitable for an additional item or the like can be used. As a result, the traceability can be introduced without impairing the product value of the transaction item to which the information code Cd2 is added. Therefore, the convenience of the information code can be ensured.

[0131] In addition, in the information code Cd2 of the pattern 1 of the first embodiment, the tracking information is recorded by arranging a plurality of colors different in hue. In this case, if the difference in hue is used, the number of colors allocated to each bar Br can be increased within a range considered to be the same as the black color CLbr by the bar code reader 13. According to the above, the amount of information that can be recorded in the information code Cd2 is increased. Therefore, the convenience of the information code Cd2 can be further improved.

[0132] In addition, in the information code Cd2 of the pattern 1 of the first embodiment, the tracking information is recorded by a plurality of colors prescribed for the bars Br and a plurality of colors prescribed for the spaces Sp. In this case, if the recording of the tracking information uses both the areas of the bars Br and the spaces Sp, the amount of information that can be recorded in the information code Cd2 can be easily ensured. As a result, the convenience of the information code Cd2 can also be easily ensured.

[0133] In addition, in the information code Cd2 of the pattern 1 and the pattern 2 of the first embodiment, each area of the bars Br and the spaces Sp is divided into a plurality of segments in the extension direction ED. According to the division of the areas, the amount of information that can be recorded in the information code Cd2 is increased. Therefore, the convenience of the information code Cd2 can be further improved.

[0134] In addition, in the information code Cd2 of the pattern 3 of the first embodiment, a two-dimensional code portion CdQ including a plurality of cells is formed in each area of the bars Br and the spaces Sp. Furthermore, the tracking information is recorded in the two-dimensional code portion CdQ. In this case, if the two-dimensional code portion CdQ is used, the amount of information that can be recorded in the information code Cd2 can be significantly increased. Therefore, the convenience of the information code Cd2 can be further ensured.

[0135] In addition, in the first embodiment, the format information of the recording method of the tracking information is recorded in the barcode Cd1. Therefore, even if the trackable system 120 capable of using the information code Cd2 using a plurality of patterns, the code scanner 23 can read the tracking information at high speed from the information code Cd2. Therefore, the code scanner 23 with high convenience can be provided.

[0136] In addition, in the first embodiment, the format information is recorded in each guard bar GbL, GbR defined at both ends of the long direction LD of the barcode. If the recording position of the format information is fixed as above, the code scanner 23 can be easily made to read the information at high speed.

[0137] In addition, in the first embodiment, the same information is recorded in both of the left and right guard bars GbL, GbR. In this way, if the same information is recorded in separate positions, even if a part of the information code Cd2 is damaged or stained, the code scanner 23 can read the information from either of the guard bars GbL, GbR. According to the above, by obtaining the resistance to damage or staining, the convenience of the information code Cd2 can be further improved.

[0138] In addition, in the first embodiment, the item information read by the barcode reader 13 and the tracking information read by the code scanner 23 are collectively recorded in one information code Cd2. Therefore, compared with the barcode in which each information is independently recorded, the area of the label or the dedicated area on the package can be made small.

[0139] In addition, in the case where a plurality of barcodes are arranged, it is possible to erroneously read the barcode for another system. In this case, an error occurs, and the deterioration of the workability is feared. In this regard, if a plurality of kinds of information are collectively recorded in one information code Cd2, the situation where the reading target is mistaken does not occur. As a result, the information code Cd2 with high convenience and good workability can be realized.

[0140] In the above-described embodiment, the item information corresponds to "first information", the tracking information corresponds to "second information", and the label on which the information code Cd2 is printed corresponds to "information code printing medium". In addition to these, the bar Br corresponds to "bar-shaped region", the space Sp corresponds to "space region", and the guard bars GbL and GbR correspond to "both ends (in the long side direction of the bar code)". In addition, the black CLbr, the red CLbl, the green CLb2, the navy blue CLb3, the purple CLb4, the brown CLb5, the white CLwr, the yellow CLwl, the dark gray CLbn, and the light gray CLwn correspond to "a plurality of colors", respectively. Furthermore, the bar code reader 13 corresponds to "first reader", the history management server 20 corresponds to "information code generation device", the code scanner 23 corresponds to "second reader" and "information code reading device". Moreover, the processing section 20p and the signal processing section 23p correspond to "processor", respectively. The processing section 20p implements "information code generation method" based on the code generation processing, and the signal processing section 23p implements "information code reading method" based on the code reading processing.

[0141] (Second Embodiment)

[0142] Figures 11-13 The second embodiment of the present disclosure illustrated is a modification example of the first embodiment. In the circulation management system 110 of the second embodiment, the code scanner 213 capable of reading a two-dimensional code is used instead of the bar code reader 13 (refer to Figure 1 ). The code scanner 23 is actually the same structure as the code scanner 23 of the traceable system 120, and has a region sensor and a signal processing section. The history management server 20 issues a two-dimensional code (hereinafter referred to as an item code Cdi) instead of the bar code Cd1 (refer to Figure 1 ).

[0143] In the traceable system 120 of the second embodiment, the item code Cdi received by the code output machine 22 is transferred to the history management server 20. The history management server 20, upon receiving the item code Cdi, implements the code generation processing (refer to Figure 12 ), and issues an information code Cd2 that is changed from the item code Cdi.

[0144] In the code generation processing, the history management server 20, upon acquiring the item code Cdi (S211), prepares tracking information including at least a hash value and an IP address (S212). The history management server 20 generates a two-dimensional code (hereinafter referred to as a tracking code Cdt) in which the tracking information is recorded, differently from the item code Cdi (S213).

[0145] Both the project code Cdi and the tracking code Cdt are generated according to the same standard as QR codes. The project code Cdi and the tracking code Cdt consist of many cells Ce arranged in a two-dimensional pattern, recording information through the arrangement of white cells Cew and black cells Ceb. The number of cells Ce in the vertical and horizontal directions of the tracking code Cdt is the same as the number of cells Ce in the vertical and horizontal directions of the project code Cdi.

[0146] The record management server 20 generates an information code Cd2 as a QR code by merging the project code Cdi and the tracking code Cdt (S214), and sends the generated information code Cd2 to the code output machine 22 (S215). The information code Cd2 is then printed by the label printer 12. The labels formed by printing the information code Cd2 are attached to the transaction items and circulated among the traders.

[0147] like Figure 12 As shown, in addition to the white unit Cew and the black unit Ceb, the multiple units Ce forming the information code Cd2 also include a light gray unit Cen1 and a dark gray unit Cen2. The light gray unit Cen1 is set to a light gray CLwn, which is an intermediate color compared to the black unit Ceb and close to the white unit Cew. The dark gray unit Cen2 is set to a dark gray CLbn, which is an intermediate color compared to the white unit Cew and close to the black unit Ceb. In the code scanner 213 (refer to...) Figure 11 In the above, the light gray unit Cen1 is identified as the same as the white unit Cew, and the dark gray unit Cen2 is identified as the same as the black unit Ceb.

[0148] In the synthesis process of two codes, when the unit of each code is a white unit Cew, the unit Ce of the overlapping information code Cd2 is also a white unit Cew. Similarly, when the unit of each code is a black unit Ceb, the unit Ce of the overlapping information code Cd2 is also a black unit Ceb. On the other hand, when the item code Cdi is a white unit Cew and the tracking code Cdt is a black unit Ceb, the unit Ce of the overlapping information code Cd2 becomes a light gray unit Cen1. Furthermore, when the item code Cdi is a black unit Ceb and the tracking code Cdt is a white unit Cew, the unit Ce of the overlapping information code Cd2 becomes a dark gray unit Cen2.

[0149] Alternatively, the masking process described in the first embodiment can be applied to the information code Cd2 above. In this masking process, the proportions of white unit Cew, black unit Ceb, light gray unit Cen1, and dark gray unit Cen2 are each adjusted to 25%. Based on this adjustment, by setting the error correction of the Reed-Solomon code to approximately 30%, the correct information can be read even if a specific color is read incorrectly.

[0150] Code scanner 23 (refer to Figure 11 ) distinguishes between white cells Cewand light gray cells Cenl. In addition to this, code scanner 23 distinguishes between black cells Ceband dark gray cells Cen2. Code scanner 23, in the code reading process of reading information code Cd2, treats light gray cells Cenl as the same as black cells Ceb, and treats dark gray cells Cen2 as the same as white cells Cew. By such processing, code scanner 23 is able to extract tracking code Cdt from information code Cd2, and is able to read tracking information.

[0151] Light gray cells Cenl and dark gray cells Cen2 are included in information code Cd2 of the second embodiment explained so far, together with the usual white cells Cewand black cells Ceb. Thereby, it is possible to record, in one information code Cd2, item information recognized by code scanner 213 and tracking information recognized by code scanner 23. Also, since information recording based on a plurality of cells Ce arranged in two dimensions is possible, it is easy to secure the amount of information that can be recorded as tracking information. As a result, it is also possible to secure the convenience of information code Cd2.

[0152] In addition, in the second embodiment, item code Cdi and tracking code Cdt are concentrated in one information code Cd2, so it is possible to suppress the area of the label or the dedicated area on the package to be small, compared to the case where these two-dimensional codes are arranged adjacent to each other.

[0153] In addition, in the case where a plurality of two-dimensional codes are arranged adjacent to each other, code scanner 213 can start reading of the two-dimensional code for traceable system 120 even if it intends to read the two-dimensional code for circulation management system 110. However, if information for a plurality of systems is concentrated and recorded in one information code Cd2, the information for the old system is disclosed and the information for the new system is hidden, it is possible to avoid erroneous code reading. As a result, it is possible to realize an information code Cd2 that is high in convenience and good in workability.

[0154] Also, in the case where a two-dimensional code (for example, SQRC, registered trademark) that is able to hide and record specific information records information for a plurality of systems, there is a problem that the size of each cell becomes small. Such a problem can also be solved in the above information code Cd2 that uses intermediate colors.

[0155] In addition, in the second embodiment, light gray CLwn corresponds to "first intermediate color", dark gray CLbn corresponds to "second intermediate color", light gray cells Cenl correspond to "first intermediate color cells", and dark gray cells Cen2 correspond to "second intermediate color cells". Also, code scanner 213 corresponds to "first reader".

[0156] (Third Embodiment)

[0157] Figure 14 The third embodiment of the present disclosure shown is another modification of the first embodiment. In the third embodiment, the label printer 12 of the flow management system 110 employs a single-color printer that does not correspond to the gray scale. The information code Cd2 of the third embodiment assumes printing by the label printer 12 that is unable to output intermediate colors, and records the tracking information by a method different from the arrangement of multiple colors.

[0158] A pattern is formed in each region of the bars Br and the spaces Sp of the information code Cd2. As one example, in the information code Cd2, five kinds of patterns formed in the bars Br and one kind of pattern formed in the spaces Sp are prescribed in advance. Each pattern formed in the bars Br is a hollow pattern with black as the background. The pattern formed in the spaces Sp is a pattern (dot pattern, etc.) with white as the background. The pattern can be appropriately changed to a dot pattern, a diagonal line pattern, a stripe pattern, a checkered pattern, etc. Each pattern formed in the bars Br and the spaces Sp cannot be recognized by the bar code reader 13. That is, in the bar code reader 13, the bars Br and the spaces Sp with the patterns are processed as the same as the bars Br and the spaces Sp without the patterns. As a result, even if the patterns are formed, the bar code reader 13 can perform reading as the same as the usual bar code Cl.

[0159] The information code Cd2 records the tracking information using the arrangement of each usual region Ptbx, Ptwx of the bars Br and the spaces Sp without the patterns and each pattern region Ptb1-Ptb5, Ptw1 of the bars Br and the spaces Sp with the patterns. The code scanner 23 recognizes the presence or absence of the patterns and the difference in the pattern shape in each region Ptbx, Ptwx, Ptb1-Ptb5, Ptw1 of the bars Br and the spaces Sp. Therefore, the code scanner 23 can read the tracking information recorded by the arrangement of each region Ptbx, Ptwx, Ptb1-Ptb5, Ptw1.

[0160] In the third embodiment explained so far, instead of the colors of the bars Br and the spaces Sp, the patterns of the bars Br and the spaces Sp are utilized for the recording of information. That is, the tracking information recognized by the code scanner 23 is recorded by the arrangement of each region Ptb1-Ptb5, Ptw1 in which the prescribed patterns are formed. Therefore, even in the case where the output unit of the information code Cd2, that is, the label printer 12 does not correspond to the color output and the output of intermediate colors, the information code Cd2 in which the tracking information is recorded can be utilized. Therefore, the convenience of the information code Cd2 can be ensured. Further, in the second embodiment, the pattern regions Ptb1-Ptb5, Ptw1 correspond to "regions".

[0161] (Other Embodiments)

[0162] The above describes the various embodiments according to the present disclosure, but the present disclosure is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be applied to various embodiments and combinations without departing from the spirit of the present disclosure.

[0163] In Figure 15 In the information code Cd2 of the modification example 1 illustrated in FIG. 9, each wide bar WBr is divided into a plurality of regions in the longitudinal direction LD. In other words, the width of one divided portion in the bar-shaped region is constant regardless of the narrow bar NBr and the wide bar WBr. According to such a division method of the wide bar WBr, it is ensured that the amount of information that can be recorded in the information code Cd2 becomes easier.

[0164] In Figure 16 In the information code Cd2 of the modification example 2 illustrated in FIG. 10 and the information code Cd2 of the modification example 3 illustrated in FIG. 11, the tracking information is recorded in the regions of both the plurality of bars Br and the plurality of spaces Sp. The region of each bar Br is set to any one color among black CLbr, red CLbl, green CLb2, navy blue CLb3, purple CLb4, and brown CLb5. In addition, the region of each space Sp is set to white CLwr or yellow CLwl. Figure 17 Figure 3 In the information code Cd2 of the modification example 2 illustrated in FIG. 10 and the information code Cd2 of the modification example 3 illustrated in FIG. 11, the tracking information is recorded in the regions of both the plurality of bars Br and the plurality of spaces Sp. The region of each bar Br is set to any one color among black CLbr, red CLbl, green CLb2, navy blue CLb3, purple CLb4, and brown CLb5. In addition, the region of each space Sp is set to white CLwr or yellow CLwl.

[0165] On the other hand, the information code Cd2 of the modification example 2 is divided into two in the extension direction ED. In contrast, in the information code Cd2 of the modification example 3, each region is not divided in the extension direction ED. Therefore, the information code Cd2 of the modification example 2 has more information that can be recorded than the information code Cd2 of the modification example 1.

[0166] In Figure 18 In the information code Cd2 of the modification example 4 illustrated in FIG. 12, only the bar Br is used for the recording of the additional information in each region of the bar Br and the space Sp. That is, the bar Br is divided into a plurality of colors and filled separately, and on the other hand, the entire region of the space Sp is set to white. In the case where the information added to the bar code Cl is small, the information code Cd2 of the modification example 4 can be used.

[0167] In Figure 19 In the information code Cd2 of the modification example 5 illustrated in FIG. 13, like the information code Cd2 of the pattern 2 (refer to FIG. 6), the recording of the additional information is achieved using a plurality of colors having different lightness such as black, white, light gray CLwn, and dark gray CLbn. In the information code Cd2 of the modification example 5, the regions of both the bar Br and the space Sp are used for the recording of the information. In addition, in the information code Cd2 of the modification example 5, the region of each bar Br is set to any one color among black CLbr, red CLbl, green CLb2, navy blue CLb3, purple CLb4, and brown CLb5. In addition, the region of each space Sp is set to white CLwr or yellow CLwl. Figure 4 Figure 20 ​​In the information code Cd2 of Modification Example 6, the recording of the additional information is performed using a plurality of colors having different lightness such as black and dark gray CLbn. In the information code Cd2 of Modification Example 6, only the region of the bar Br is used for the recording of the information. That is, in Modification Example 6, the divided portion of the light gray CLwn in the space Sp is omitted.

[0168] In the information code Cd2 (color bar code) of Modification Example 7, in each region of the bar Br and the space Sp, only the space Sp in which the arrangement pattern of white CLwr and yellow CLwl is formed is used for the recording of the additional information. In the information code Cd2 (monochrome bar code) of Modification Example 8, in each region of the bar Br and the space Sp, only the space Sp in which the arrangement pattern of white CLwr and light gray CLwn is formed is used for the recording of the additional information. In the information code Cd2 (bar code with added pattern) of Modification Example 9 of the above-described third embodiment, the pattern is formed only in the region of the space Sp. Further, the difference in color and the difference in pattern can be combined to ensure the amount of information that can be recorded.

[0169] In the information code of Modification Example 10 of the above-described embodiment, the arrangement of a plurality of colors having different chroma is used to record the additional information. In the information code Cd2 of Modification Example 11 of the above-described second embodiment, by the combination of a plurality of colors, a two-dimensional code portion CdQ is hidden in the bar code Cd1 (refer to Figure 5 ).

[0170] In the above-described first embodiment, the divided portion of black CLbr and white CLwr is left in both the bar Br and the space Sp. However, in the information code Cd2 of Modification Example 12, all the divided portions are colored. In the above-described third embodiment, the region Ptbx, Ptwx in which no pattern is left is left in both the bar Br and the space Sp. However, in Modification Example 13, the pattern is formed in all the regions of the bar Br and the space Sp.

[0171] In Modification Example 14 of the above-described third embodiment, similarly to the third embodiment, the density of the oblique lines is controlled so as to correspond to the fact that the label printer cannot produce intermediate colors. In Modification Example 14, by the control of the density of the oblique lines, the dark gray CLbn and the light gray CLwn are reproduced on the paper medium in a simulated manner. Specifically, the dark gray CLbn is expressed by increasing the density of the oblique lines. Further, the light gray CLwn is expressed by decreasing the density of the oblique lines. According to this method, even if a label printer that can perform only black or white printing output is used, the recording of the tracking information can be performed.

[0172] In the traceable system 120 of the above-described embodiment, the information code Cd2 is printed on the paper medium. However, the information code Cd2 can also be displayed on a screen of a display or the like, for example. The bar code reader and the code scanner can be able to read the information code Cd2 displayed on the screen. Also, the paper medium on which the information code Cd2 is printed can be a medium on which a plurality of sheets having a transfer function are overlapped, or a medium formed so as to be able to cut off a part.

[0173] As described above, the data of the bar code Cd1 and the information code Cd2 and the like can be changed to an image data, a text data, and a specific program code or the like, a data format to which the system can correspond. Also, the code generation processing implemented by the history management server 20 described above can be implemented by the code output machine 22 on the edge side. In such a mode, the code output machine 22 corresponds to the "information code generation device".

[0174] In the case where the existing circulation management system 110 of the present disclosure operates, if the traceable system 120 using a blockchain is newly introduced, a large renovation of the circulation management system 110 is generally required. In this case, time for the renovation is also required. This makes it difficult to introduce the traceable system 120.

[0175] Therefore, in the traceable system 120 of the present disclosure, the information code Cd2 capable of recording additional information is used while maintaining the function of the bar code Cd1. Thereby, the management function of the traceability based on the blockchain can be easily added. That is, the suitability of the traceable system 120 to the old system can be improved.

[0176] The content of the additional information (second information) recorded in the information code Cd2 can be appropriately changed. For example, instead of the IP address, the URL of the history management server 20 can be recorded. Also, the management of the transaction record in the history management server 20 can not use the blockchain. In addition, the final product FP provided through the supply chain SC is not limited to the agricultural product as described above. For example, the final product FP can be an industrial product, a fishery product, or the like.

[0177] In the above-described embodiment, each function provided by the history management server or the like can be provided by software and hardware that executes the software, only by the software, only by the hardware, or by a combination of them. In the case where such a function is provided by an electronic circuit as the hardware, each function can be provided by a digital circuit including a plurality of logic circuits, or an analog circuit.

[0178] The processing section (signal processing section) of the above-described embodiments and the like can be a structure including at least one CPU (Central Processing Unit) and an operation core such as a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit). Further, the processing section can be a structure further including an FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array), an NPU (Neural network Processing Unit), and other IP cores having a dedicated function, and the like. In addition, these processing sections can be a structure mounted independently on a printed circuit board, or can be a structure mounted on an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) or the like.

[0179] The form of the storage medium (non-transitory tangible storage medium) in which each storage section of the above-described embodiments is adopted and each program related to the generation and reading of the information code of the present disclosure is stored can be appropriately changed. For example, the storage medium is not limited to a structure provided on a circuit board, and can be provided in the form of a memory card or the like, configured to be inserted into a socket portion and electrically connected to a bus of a computer. Further, the storage medium can be an optical disk, a hard disk drive, or the like, which is a carrier that copies a program to a computer.

[0180] The control section and the method thereof described in the present disclosure can also be realized by a special-purpose computer configured to execute one or more functions embodied by a computer program. Alternatively, the apparatus and the method thereof described in the present disclosure can also be realized by a special-purpose hardware logic circuit. Alternatively, the apparatus and the method thereof described in the present disclosure can also be realized by one or more special-purpose computers configured by a combination of a processor executing a computer program and one or more hardware logic circuits. In addition, the computer program can be stored in a non-transitory tangible recording medium readable by a computer as a command executed by the computer.

Claims

1. An information code, which records information read by a first reader and a second reader, comprising: Multiple strip regions; as well as Multiple empty regions are formed between the aforementioned strip-shaped regions. The multiple bar regions and the multiple empty regions form a barcode that records the first information recognized by the first reader. At least one of the aforementioned bar regions and the aforementioned empty regions is configured to maintain the arrangement of multiple colors that are determined by the first reader to be consistent with the discrimination of the bar regions and the empty regions by the first reader, thereby recording the second information identified by the second reader in the form of a hash value. The first piece of information mentioned above does not include the hash value mentioned above, while the second piece of information mentioned above includes the hash value mentioned above.

2. The information code according to claim 1, wherein, The second piece of information is recorded by arranging multiple colors with different hues.

3. The information code according to claim 1, wherein, The second information is recorded by arranging multiple colors specified in the above-mentioned bar area and multiple colors specified in the above-mentioned empty area.

4. The information code according to claim 1, wherein, In the direction of extension of the aforementioned strip regions, at least one of the aforementioned strip regions and the aforementioned empty regions is divided into multiple segments.

5. The information code according to claim 1, wherein, Multiple strip regions and multiple empty regions form a QR code section consisting of multiple units arranged in a two-dimensional pattern, and the second information is recorded in the QR code section.

6. The information code according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein, The barcode also contains format information about the recording method for notifying the second information to the second reader.

7. An information code, which records information read by a first reader and a second reader, including: Multiple strip regions; as well as Multiple empty regions are formed between the aforementioned strip-shaped regions. The multiple bar regions and the multiple empty regions form a barcode that records the first information recognized by the first reader. At least one of the aforementioned bar regions and the aforementioned empty regions records the second information identified by the second reader by arranging multiple colors of different brightness within the range of discrimination of the aforementioned bar regions and the aforementioned empty regions by the aforementioned first reader. The first piece of information mentioned above does not include the hash value, while the second piece of information mentioned above includes the hash value.

8. The information code according to claim 7, wherein, The barcode also contains format information about the recording method for notifying the second information to the second reader.

9. An information code, which records information read by a first reader and a second reader, comprising: Multiple strip regions; as well as Multiple empty regions are formed between the aforementioned strip-shaped regions. The multiple bar regions and the multiple empty regions form a barcode that records the first information recognized by the first reader. A predetermined pattern is formed in at least one of the plurality of the aforementioned strip regions and the plurality of the aforementioned empty regions, and the arrangement of the regions forming the pattern is used to record the second information identified by the aforementioned second reader. The first piece of information mentioned above does not include the hash value, while the second piece of information mentioned above includes the hash value.

10. The information code according to claim 9, wherein, The second information is recorded in the form of including the hash value mentioned above.

11. The information code according to claim 9 or 10, wherein, The barcode also contains format information about the recording method for notifying the second information to the second reader.

12. The information code according to claim 11, wherein, The above format information is recorded at both ends of the long side of the above barcode.

13. An information code, wherein a first piece of information code read by a first reader and a second piece of information code read by a second reader are recorded in a plurality of cells arranged in two dimensions. The above-mentioned units include: Light-colored units; Dark color unit; The first intermediate color unit is set to be a first intermediate color that is close to the light color unit compared to the dark color unit. It is identified as the same as the light color unit in the first reader and is distinguished from the light color unit in the second reader. as well as The second intermediate color unit is set to be a second intermediate color that is close to the dark color unit compared to the light color unit. In the first reader, it is identified as the same as the dark color unit, and in the second reader, it is distinguished from the dark color unit. In the code reading process of reading the aforementioned information code, the first reader treats the first intermediate color unit as the same as the light color unit, and the second intermediate color unit as the same as the dark color unit. In the code reading process of reading the above information code, the second reader regards the first intermediate color unit as the same as the dark color unit and the second intermediate color unit as the same as the light color unit.

14. An information code printing medium, The information code described in any one of claims 1 to 13 is printed.

15. An information code generation device, Generate the information code as described in any one of claims 1 to 13.

16. A persistent tangible computer-readable storage medium, which is a persistent tangible computer-readable medium having commands executed by a computer. The processor is made to perform a process including generating the information code as described in any one of claims 1 to 13.

17. A method for generating information codes, The process executed by at least one processor includes the step of generating the information code as described in any one of claims 1 to 13.

18. An information code generation method, comprising generating an information code containing information read by a first reader and a second reader, as described in any one of claims 1 to 11. A process executed by at least one processor includes the following steps: Obtain a barcode, the barcode comprising multiple bar regions and multiple empty regions, and recording first information identified by the first reader; The color pattern is determined based on the second information that enables the second reader to recognize it. The color pattern is applied to at least one of the multiple strip areas and the multiple empty areas, and uses multiple colors that are specified not to change the discrimination of the strip areas and the empty areas by the first reader. By applying multiple graphic masks to the aforementioned color scheme graphics, multiple candidate colors with different arrangements are generated; and Choose one of the above candidates to use a graphic.

19. An information code reading device, The second reader includes at least the second reader that reads the second information from the information code described in any one of claims 1 to 13.

20. A persistent tangible computer-readable storage medium, which is a persistent tangible computer-readable medium having commands executed by a computer. The processor is made to perform a process including reading the second information from the information code described in any one of claims 1 to 13.

21. A method for reading information codes, wherein, The processing performed by at least one processor includes the step of reading the second information described above from the information code as described in any one of claims 1 to 13.

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