Method and device for correcting wave propagation velocity in marine seismic data

Abstract

The present application provides a method and device for correcting the propagation velocity of waves in marine seismic data, belonging to the technical field of oil exploration seismic data processing. The technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present application obtains the measured first arrival time of multiple nodes in the work area, combines the preset first arrival time corresponding to these nodes for calculation, obtains the corresponding wave propagation velocity in water by the direct wave ray path length of some preset nodes, and then eliminates the influence of changes with spatial position from the propagation velocity, thereby obtaining a sixth relationship between the propagation velocity and the acquisition time. Based on this sixth relationship, the first measured first arrival time of all nodes in the work area is corrected, eliminating the influence of acquisition time on the propagation velocity, improving the imaging quality of the data, and obtaining processing results that can accurately reflect the underground geological conditions, providing a high-fidelity data foundation for interpreting well location, effectively improving the drilling success rate, and reducing exploration risks.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of oil exploration seismic data processing, and in particular to a method and device for correcting wave propagation velocity in marine seismic data. Background Art

[0002] In offshore oil exploration, it is necessary to acquire and process seismic data from Ocean Bottom Nodes (OBNs) to understand the distribution of seafloor fossil energy resources. Since seawater density and temperature vary with seasons, seawater flow velocity is inevitably affected. For seismic surveys conducted over several consecutive months or even multiple years, variations in water velocity over time can cause variations in the seismic wavefield, altering the ray path between the source and receiver. This in turn leads to inaccurate and poorly imaged subsurface data, reducing drilling success rates. Therefore, water velocity correction methods are required during processing. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention provides a method and apparatus for correcting the propagation velocity of waves in marine seismic data. This method can correct the first measured arrival time of all nodes within a work area, eliminating the influence of acquisition time on propagation velocity, improving the imaging quality of the data, and obtaining processing results that accurately reflect the underground geological conditions. This provides a high-fidelity data foundation for interpreting well locations, effectively improving drilling success rates, and reducing exploration risks. The technical solution is as follows:

[0004] In one aspect, a method for correcting wave propagation velocity in marine seismic data is provided, the method comprising:

[0005] For multiple nodes in the work area, pick the first measured first arrival time corresponding to different acquisition times;

[0006] Get the preset first arrival time corresponding to each node;

[0007] Based on the preset first arrival time, the first measured first arrival time is compared, and the portion of the first measured first arrival time whose difference with the preset first arrival time exceeds a preset threshold is deleted to obtain a second measured first arrival time;

[0008] For each node, based on the corresponding shot point position, receiver point position and water depth, the corresponding direct wave ray path length is obtained;

[0009] Based on different acquisition times, the direct wave ray path length of each node is divided by the corresponding second measured first arrival time to obtain the third relationship between the wave propagation speed in water and the acquisition time corresponding to each node;

[0010] Obtaining a fourth relationship between the propagation speed corresponding to the plurality of preset nodes and the change in spatial position;

[0011] Dividing the third relationship by the fourth relationship yields a sixth relationship for how the propagation velocity varies with the acquisition time.

[0012] Based on the sixth relationship, the first measured first arrival time is corrected.

[0013] In one possible implementation, for each node, based on the corresponding shot point position, receiver point position, and water depth, obtaining the corresponding direct wave ray path length includes:

[0014] Based on the following first relationship, the direct wave ray path length is obtained:

[0015] The first relation

[0016] Where: D sr is the direct wave ray path length;

[0017] (x s ,y s ) is the shot point coordinate;

[0018] (x r ,y r ) is the coordinate of the detection point;

[0019] h s Point the gun deep for the artillery;

[0020] h r is the water depth at the detection point.

[0021] In a possible implementation, obtaining a fourth relationship between propagation speeds corresponding to a plurality of preset nodes and spatial positions includes:

[0022] Based on the spatial positions and corresponding propagation velocities of multiple preset nodes obtained through field measurements, a fourth relationship between the propagation velocities corresponding to the multiple preset nodes and the changes in the spatial positions is obtained through polynomial fitting.

[0023] In a possible implementation, after obtaining the fourth relationship between the propagation speed corresponding to the plurality of preset nodes and the spatial position, the method further includes:

[0024] Based on the fourth relationship, the first measured first arrival time is corrected by adopting depth migration propagation velocity modeling.

[0025] In one possible implementation, the spatial position includes: depth.

[0026] In one aspect, a device for correcting the propagation velocity of waves in marine seismic data is provided. The device is applied to the method for correcting the propagation velocity of waves in marine seismic data provided in any of the possible implementations described above. The device includes:

[0027] A picking module, for picking the first measured first arrival time corresponding to different acquisition times for multiple nodes in the work area;

[0028] An acquisition module is used to obtain the preset first arrival time corresponding to each node;

[0029] a comparison module, configured to compare the first measured first arrival time with the preset first arrival time, delete a portion of the first measured first arrival time whose difference with the preset first arrival time exceeds a preset threshold, and obtain a second measured first arrival time;

[0030] A length acquisition module is used to obtain the corresponding direct wave ray path length for each node based on the corresponding shot point position, receiver point position and water depth;

[0031] a calculation module for obtaining a third relationship between the wave propagation speed in water and the acquisition time corresponding to each node by dividing the direct wave ray path length of each node by the corresponding second measured first arrival time based on different acquisition times;

[0032] The calculation module is further used to obtain a fourth relationship between the propagation speed corresponding to the plurality of preset nodes and the change in spatial position;

[0033] The calculation module is further configured to divide the third relationship by the fourth relationship to obtain a sixth relationship representing a change in propagation speed with acquisition time;

[0034] A correction module is used to correct the first measured first arrival time based on the sixth relationship.

[0035] In one possible implementation, the length acquisition module is used to:

[0036] Based on the following first relationship, the direct wave ray path length is obtained:

[0037] The first relation

[0038] Where: D sr is the direct wave ray path length;

[0039] (x s ,y s ) is the shot point coordinate;

[0040] (x r ,y r ) is the coordinate of the detection point;

[0041] h s Point the gun deep for the artillery;

[0042] h r is the water depth at the detection point.

[0043] In one possible implementation, the calculation module is configured to:

[0044] Based on the spatial positions and corresponding propagation velocities of multiple preset nodes obtained through field measurements, a fourth relationship between the propagation velocities corresponding to the multiple preset nodes and the changes in the spatial positions is obtained through polynomial fitting.

[0045] In one possible implementation, the correction module is further configured to:

[0046] Based on the fourth relationship, the first measured first arrival time is corrected by adopting depth migration propagation velocity modeling.

[0047] In one possible implementation, the spatial position includes: depth.

[0048] The technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application obtains the measured first arrival times of multiple nodes in the work area, combines them with the preset first arrival times corresponding to these nodes for calculation, obtains the corresponding wave propagation speed in water through the direct wave ray path length of some of the preset nodes, and then eliminates the influence of changes in spatial position from the propagation speed, thereby obtaining a sixth relationship between the propagation speed and the acquisition time. Based on the sixth relationship, the first measured first arrival time of all nodes in the work area is corrected, eliminating the influence of acquisition time on the propagation speed, improving the imaging quality of the data, and obtaining processing results that can accurately reflect the underground geological conditions, providing a high-fidelity data basis for interpreting well location, effectively improving the drilling success rate, and reducing exploration risks. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0050] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a method for correcting wave propagation velocity in marine seismic data provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0051] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of a method for correcting wave propagation velocity in marine seismic data provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0052] Figure 31 is a schematic diagram of a first measured first arrival time provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0053] Figure 4 This is a first-order linear polynomial fitting process diagram provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0054] Figure 5 This is a linear dynamic correction effect diagram of the common detection point gather before water velocity correction provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0055] Figure 6 This is a linear dynamic correction effect diagram of the common detection point gather after water velocity correction provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0056] Figure 7 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for correcting wave propagation velocity in marine seismic data provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0057] Figure 8 It is a structural diagram of a computer device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of this application clearer, the implementation methods of this application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0059] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a method for correcting the propagation velocity of waves in marine seismic data provided by an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 , the method can be applied to a computer device, the method comprising:

[0060] 101. For multiple nodes in the work area, pick the first measured first arrival time corresponding to different collection times.

[0061] 102. Get the preset first arrival time corresponding to each node.

[0062] 103. Based on the preset first arrival time, compare the first measured first arrival time, delete the part of the first measured first arrival time whose difference with the preset first arrival time exceeds a preset threshold, and obtain a second measured first arrival time.

[0063] 104. For each node, based on the corresponding shot point location, receiver point location and water depth, obtain the corresponding direct wave ray path length.

[0064] 105. Based on different acquisition times, the length of the direct wave ray path at each node is divided by the corresponding second measured first arrival time to obtain the third relationship between the wave propagation speed in water and the acquisition time corresponding to each node.

[0065] 106. Obtain a fourth relationship between the propagation speed corresponding to the plurality of preset nodes and the change with the spatial position.

[0066] 107. Divide the third relationship by the fourth relationship to obtain a sixth relationship for how the propagation speed varies with the acquisition time.

[0067] 108. Based on the sixth relationship, the first measured first arrival time is corrected.

[0068] The method provided in the embodiment of the present application obtains the measured first arrival times of multiple nodes in the work area, combines them with the preset first arrival times corresponding to these nodes for calculation, obtains the corresponding wave propagation speed in water through the direct wave ray path length of some of the preset nodes, and then eliminates the influence of changes in spatial position from the propagation speed, thereby obtaining a sixth relationship between the propagation speed and the acquisition time. Based on the sixth relationship, the first measured first arrival times of all nodes in the work area are corrected, eliminating the influence of acquisition time on the propagation speed, improving the imaging quality of the data, and obtaining processing results that can accurately reflect the underground geological conditions, providing a high-fidelity data basis for interpreting well location, effectively improving the drilling success rate, and reducing exploration risks.

[0069] In one possible implementation, for each node, based on the corresponding shot point position, receiver point position, and water depth, obtaining the corresponding direct wave ray path length includes:

[0070] Based on the following first relationship, the direct wave ray path length is obtained:

[0071] The first relation

[0072] Where: D sr is the direct wave ray path length;

[0073] (x s ,y s ) is the shot point coordinate;

[0074] (x r ,y r ) is the coordinate of the detection point;

[0075] h s Point the gun deep for the artillery;

[0076] h r is the water depth at the detection point.

[0077] In a possible implementation, obtaining a fourth relationship between propagation speeds corresponding to a plurality of preset nodes and spatial positions includes:

[0078] Based on the spatial positions and corresponding propagation velocities of multiple preset nodes obtained through field measurements, a fourth relationship between the propagation velocities corresponding to the multiple preset nodes and the changes in the spatial positions is obtained through polynomial fitting.

[0079] In a possible implementation, after obtaining the fourth relationship between the propagation speed corresponding to the plurality of preset nodes and the spatial position, the method further includes:

[0080] Based on the fourth relationship, the first measured first arrival time is corrected by adopting depth migration propagation velocity modeling.

[0081] In one possible implementation, the spatial position includes: depth.

[0082] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of a method for correcting the propagation velocity of waves in marine seismic data provided by an embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 , the method can be applied to a computer device, the method comprising:

[0083] 201. For multiple nodes in the work area, pick the first measured first arrival time corresponding to different collection times.

[0084] In this step, the work area is the area where water velocity correction is to be performed. Within this area, the effect of acquisition time on water velocity is uniform. The different acquisition times can be collected at preset intervals over a year, ensuring comprehensive data.

[0085] In this step, the first arrival of the detection points in the entire work area can be investigated and analyzed, and the first measured first arrival time of all nodes that need to be corrected in the work area can be obtained.

[0086] The first measured first arrival time is the time taken by the underwater instrument for the seismic wave to reach the detection point after it is emitted from the shot point and propagates. The preset first arrival time obtained in this step can be found in Figure 3 ,exist Figure 3 In the figure, the horizontal axis is the channel number of the seismic channel, and the vertical axis is the time.

[0087] 202. Get the preset first arrival time corresponding to each node.

[0088] In this step, the preset first arrival time can be obtained through theoretical calculation. Specifically, a detector is set at the node to receive waves. The node serves as a detection point. The preset first arrival time can be obtained through the path length between the node and the shot point, and the theoretical speed of wave propagation in water, where the theoretical speed can be 1500m / s.

[0089] 203. Based on the preset first arrival time, compare the first measured first arrival time, delete the part of the first measured first arrival time whose difference with the preset first arrival time exceeds a preset threshold, and obtain a second measured first arrival time.

[0090] In this step, the preset threshold can be set as needed. Data exceeding the preset threshold needs to be deleted due to large errors. This quality control method is used to ensure the accuracy of subsequent calculations.

[0091] In the above steps 201-203, the first measured first arrival time can be picked by combining automatic picking and manual modification, and then quality control is performed through effective quality control means to ensure the accuracy of the first arrival picking so that it can be used for subsequent processing.

[0092] 204. For each node, based on the corresponding shot point position, receiver point position and water depth, obtain the corresponding direct wave ray path length.

[0093] Specifically, the direct wave ray path length can be obtained based on the following first relationship:

[0094] The first relation

[0095] Where: D sr is the direct wave ray path length;

[0096] (x s ,y s ) is the shot point coordinate;

[0097] (x r ,y r ) is the coordinate of the detection point;

[0098] h s Point the gun deep for the artillery;

[0099] h r is the water depth at the detection point.

[0100] Based on different acquisition times, the direct wave ray path length of each node is divided by the corresponding second measured first arrival time to obtain the third relationship between the wave propagation speed in water and the acquisition time corresponding to each node.

[0101] Among them, the propagation speed of the wave in water can be obtained by dividing the direct wave ray path length of each node by the corresponding second measured first arrival time. This process can be expressed by the second relationship.

[0102] Since the propagation velocity is in one-to-one correspondence with the acquisition time t, the relationship between the propagation velocity and the acquisition time can be expressed by the third relational expression.

[0103] The second relation

[0104] The third relation of V(x,y,z,t)

[0105] Where: D sr is the distance from the shot point to the node;

[0106] T fb is the second measured first arrival time picked;

[0107] V(x,y,z,t) is used to express the correspondence between propagation velocity and acquisition time.

[0108] 206. Based on the spatial positions and corresponding propagation velocities of multiple preset nodes obtained through field measurements, a fourth relationship is obtained by polynomial fitting, in which the propagation velocities corresponding to the multiple preset nodes vary with the spatial positions.

[0109] In this step, the preset nodes can be selected as needed. For example, a group of nodes at different depths can be selected so that the acquired depth data is comprehensive, reducing the randomness of data selection, thereby improving the accuracy of subsequent calculation processes.

[0110] Regarding polynomial fitting, you can choose 1st order or multi-order fitting according to the data. Figure 4 The first-order linear polynomial fitting process is demonstrated.

[0111] In this step:

[0112] The fourth relation of V(x,y,z)

[0113] In one possible implementation, the spatial position includes depth. Since the water velocity at different positions is mainly affected by the depth z, it can be simplified to the fifth relation:

[0114] V(x,y,z)=V(z) Fifth Relationship

[0115] 207. Based on the fourth relationship, the depth migration propagation velocity model is adopted to correct the first measured first arrival time.

[0116] This step can be performed alone or in combination with subsequent steps 208 - 209 , which is not limited in this embodiment.

[0117] 208. Divide the third relationship by the fourth relationship to obtain a sixth relationship for how the propagation speed varies with the acquisition time.

[0118] Among them, the sixth relationship is as follows:

[0119] The sixth relation

[0120] 209. Based on the sixth relationship, the first measured first arrival time is corrected.

[0121] Calculate the static correction using the relationship between water velocity and time and apply it. Figure 5-Figure 6 , Figure 5 This is the linear dynamic correction effect diagram of the common detection point gather before water velocity correction. Figure 6 This is the effect diagram of linear dynamic correction of common detection point gathers after water velocity correction. By comparison, it can be found that there is a misalignment phenomenon in different seismic traces before water velocity correction and after linear dynamic correction, which is eliminated after applying water velocity correction.

[0122] All of the above optional technical solutions can be combined in any way to form optional embodiments of the present application, and will not be described in detail here.

[0123] The method provided in the embodiment of the present application obtains the measured first arrival times of multiple nodes in the work area, combines them with the preset first arrival times corresponding to these nodes for calculation, obtains the corresponding wave propagation speed in water through the direct wave ray path length of some of the preset nodes, and then eliminates the influence of changes in spatial position from the propagation speed, thereby obtaining a sixth relationship between the propagation speed and the acquisition time. Based on the sixth relationship, the first measured first arrival times of all nodes in the work area are corrected, eliminating the influence of acquisition time on the propagation speed, improving the imaging quality of the data, and obtaining processing results that can accurately reflect the underground geological conditions, providing a high-fidelity data basis for interpreting well location, effectively improving the drilling success rate, and reducing exploration risks.

[0124] Figure 7 : This is a schematic structural diagram of a device for correcting the propagation velocity of waves in marine seismic data provided in an embodiment of the present application. The device is applied to the method for correcting the propagation velocity of waves in marine seismic data provided in any of the possible implementations described above. The device includes:

[0125] A picking module 701 is configured to pick, for a plurality of nodes in a work area, first measured first arrival times corresponding to different acquisition times;

[0126] An acquisition module 702 is used to acquire a preset first arrival time corresponding to each node;

[0127] A comparison module 703 is configured to compare the first measured first arrival time with the preset first arrival time, delete a portion of the first measured first arrival time where the difference between the first measured first arrival time and the preset first arrival time exceeds a preset threshold, and obtain a second measured first arrival time;

[0128] The length acquisition module 704 is used to acquire the corresponding direct wave ray path length for each node based on the corresponding shot point position, receiver point position and water depth;

[0129] A calculation module 705 is configured to divide the direct wave ray path length of each node by the corresponding second measured first arrival time based on different acquisition times to obtain a third relationship between the wave propagation speed in water and the acquisition time corresponding to each node;

[0130] The calculation module 705 is further configured to obtain a fourth relationship between the propagation speed corresponding to the plurality of preset nodes and the change in spatial position;

[0131] The calculation module 705 is further configured to divide the third relationship by the fourth relationship to obtain a sixth relationship representing a change in propagation velocity with acquisition time.

[0132] The correction module 706 is configured to correct the first measured first arrival time based on the sixth relationship.

[0133] In one possible implementation, the length acquisition module is used to:

[0134] Based on the following first relationship, the direct wave ray path length is obtained:

[0135] The first relation

[0136] Where: D sr is the direct wave ray path length;

[0137] (x s ,y s ) is the shot point coordinate;

[0138] (x r ,y r ) is the coordinate of the detection point;

[0139] h s Point the gun deep for the artillery;

[0140] h r is the water depth at the detection point.

[0141] In one possible implementation, the calculation module 705 is configured to:

[0142] Based on the spatial positions and corresponding propagation velocities of multiple preset nodes obtained through field measurements, a fourth relationship between the propagation velocities corresponding to the multiple preset nodes and the changes in the spatial positions is obtained through polynomial fitting.

[0143] In one possible implementation, the correction module 706 is further configured to:

[0144] Based on the fourth relationship, the first measured first arrival time is corrected by adopting depth migration propagation velocity modeling.

[0145] In one possible implementation, the spatial position includes: depth.

[0146] It should be noted that the aforementioned embodiment of the apparatus for correcting wave propagation velocity in marine seismic data, when performing wave propagation velocity correction, only illustrates the division of the aforementioned functional modules. In actual applications, the aforementioned functions can be assigned to different functional modules as needed, i.e., the internal structure of the apparatus can be divided into different functional modules to perform all or part of the functions described above. Furthermore, the apparatus for correcting wave propagation velocity in marine seismic data and the method for correcting wave propagation velocity in marine seismic data provided in the aforementioned embodiment are based on the same concept. The specific implementation process is detailed in the method embodiment and will not be further described here.

[0147] The device provided in the embodiment of the present application obtains the measured first arrival times of multiple nodes in the work area, combines them with the preset first arrival times corresponding to these nodes for calculation, obtains the corresponding wave propagation speed in water through the direct wave ray path length of some of the preset nodes, and then eliminates the influence of changes in spatial position from the propagation speed, thereby obtaining a sixth relationship between the propagation speed and the acquisition time. Based on the sixth relationship, the first measured first arrival time of all nodes in the work area is corrected, eliminating the influence of acquisition time on the propagation speed, improving the imaging quality of the data, and obtaining processing results that can accurately reflect the underground geological conditions, providing a high-fidelity data basis for interpreting well location, effectively improving the drilling success rate, and reducing exploration risks.

[0148] Figure 8 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a computer device provided in an embodiment of the present application. The computer device 800 may vary significantly due to different configurations or performance, and may include one or more processors (central processing units, CPUs) 801 and one or more memories 802. The memories 802 store at least one program code, which is loaded and executed by the processor 801 to implement the methods provided in the above-mentioned embodiments of the method for correcting the propagation velocity of waves in marine seismic data. Of course, the computer device may also have components such as a wired or wireless network interface, a keyboard, and input and output interfaces for input and output. The computer device may also include other components for implementing the functions of the device, which will not be described in detail here.

[0149] In some embodiments, the computer program involved in the embodiments of the present application may be deployed and executed on a computer device, or on multiple computer devices located at one location, or on multiple computer devices distributed at multiple locations and interconnected through a communication network. Multiple computer devices distributed at multiple locations and interconnected through a communication network may constitute a blockchain system.

[0150] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is also provided, such as a memory including program code. The program code can be executed by a processor in a computer device to implement the method for correcting wave propagation velocity in marine seismic data in the above embodiment. For example, the computer-readable storage medium can be a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a compact disc (CD-ROM), a magnetic tape, a floppy disk, an optical data storage device, or the like.

[0151] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps for implementing the above embodiments may be accomplished by hardware, or may be accomplished by instructing the relevant hardware through a program, and the above program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, which may be a read-only memory, a disk, or an optical disk, etc.

[0152] The above are only optional embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for correcting wave propagation velocity in marine seismic data, characterized in that: The method comprises: For multiple nodes in the work area, pick the first measured first arrival time corresponding to different acquisition times; Get the preset first arrival time corresponding to each node; Based on the preset first arrival time, the first measured first arrival time is compared, and the portion of the first measured first arrival time whose difference with the preset first arrival time exceeds a preset threshold is deleted to obtain a second measured first arrival time; For each node, based on the corresponding shot point position, receiver point position and water depth, the corresponding direct wave ray path length is obtained by the following first relationship: Where: D sr is the direct wave ray path length; (x s ,y s ) is the coordinate of the shot point; (x r ,y r ) is the coordinate of the detection point; h s h is the depth of the gun point; r is the water depth at the detection point; Based on different acquisition times, the direct wave ray path length of each node is divided by the corresponding second measured first arrival time to obtain the third relationship between the wave propagation speed in water and the acquisition time corresponding to each node. The third relationship is V(x, y, z, t). T fb is the second measured first arrival time; Based on the spatial positions and corresponding propagation velocities of the plurality of preset nodes obtained by field measurement, a fourth relationship is obtained in which the propagation velocities corresponding to the plurality of preset nodes vary with the spatial positions by polynomial fitting; Dividing the third relationship by the fourth relationship to obtain a sixth relationship for changes in propagation velocity with acquisition time; Based on the sixth relationship, the first measured first arrival time is corrected.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that After obtaining the fourth relationship between the propagation speed corresponding to the plurality of preset nodes and the spatial position, the method further includes: Based on the fourth relationship, the first measured first arrival time is corrected using depth migration propagation velocity modeling.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The spatial position includes: depth.

4. A device for correcting the propagation velocity of waves in marine seismic data, characterized in that: The device is applied to the method for correcting wave propagation velocity in marine seismic data according to any one of claims 1 to 3, and the device comprises: A picking module is used to pick the first measured first arrival time corresponding to different collection times for multiple nodes in the work area; An acquisition module is used to obtain the preset first arrival time corresponding to each node; a comparison module, configured to compare the first measured first arrival time with the preset first arrival time, delete a portion of the first measured first arrival time whose difference with the preset first arrival time exceeds a preset threshold, and obtain a second measured first arrival time; The length acquisition module is used to obtain the corresponding direct wave ray path length for each node based on the corresponding shot point position, receiver point position and water depth using the following first relationship: Where: D sr is the direct wave ray path length; (x s ,y s ) is the coordinate of the shot point; (x r ,y r ) is the coordinate of the detection point; h s h is the depth of the gun point; r is the water depth at the detection point; The calculation module is used to divide the direct wave ray path length of each node by the corresponding second measured first arrival time based on different acquisition times to obtain a third relationship between the wave propagation speed in water corresponding to each node and the acquisition time, wherein the third relationship is V(x, y, z, t). T fb is the second measured first arrival time; The calculation module is further configured to obtain, based on the spatial positions and corresponding propagation velocities of the plurality of preset nodes obtained through field measurements, a fourth relationship between the propagation velocities corresponding to the plurality of preset nodes and the change in spatial positions by polynomial fitting; The calculation module is further configured to divide the third relationship by the fourth relationship to obtain a sixth relationship representing a change in propagation speed with acquisition time; A correction module is used to correct the first measured first arrival time based on the sixth relationship.

5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that The correction module is also used for: Based on the fourth relationship, the first measured first arrival time is corrected using depth migration propagation velocity modeling.

6. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that The spatial position includes: depth.

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