A rapid thermal desorption adsorption tower and use method

Abstract

The present invention provides a rapid thermal desorption adsorption tower and a method for using the same. The adsorption tower is divided into at least three adsorption beds by at least two air-spaced mesh plates. When adsorption is performed, the left bottom of the adsorption tower is an air inlet pipe and the right top is an exhaust pipe; when thermal desorption is performed, the left side of the adsorption tower is a thermal desorption exhaust pipe and the right side is a thermal desorption air inlet pipe. The present invention adopts a single-tower multi-layer structure, which can effectively reduce the floor space compared to the desorption process using a double tower. At the same time, the structure can reduce the thickness of the adsorption material during thermal desorption, reduce the airflow resistance, and thus effectively reduce the energy consumption of the power equipment; in addition, the layered coil design of the adsorption tower ensures the increase of the temperature in each adsorption bed and improves the desorption efficiency of the adsorbent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of oil and gas recovery equipment, and in particular to a rapid thermal desorption adsorption tower and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of human society, energy demand continues to increase, while the contradiction between environment and development becomes increasingly prominent. In particular, it becomes more and more urgent to solve the problem of oil and gas waste gas emission in the process, so it is necessary to treat the oil and gas waste gas. The methods for treating oil and gas waste gas are generally divided into recovery and destruction. However, since the destruction process will cause serious waste of resources, the recovery process is often used to treat the waste gas. The main oil and gas recovery process methods are adsorption, absorption, condensation and membrane separation. Among them, the adsorption method is often used in industry because of its advantages of obvious oil and gas treatment effect and low economic investment. The adsorption tower is an important gas treatment equipment in the adsorption method. The adsorbent filler in it is used to reduce the oil and gas content in the gas through physical adsorption. When the adsorption tower is used for recovery, the effect is obvious, and a better concentration emission index can be achieved. It is suitable for treating large flow and low concentration oil and gas. However, after using the adsorption tower, the oil and gas need to be desorbed to achieve the purpose of oil and gas recovery. At present, the efficiency of various desorption methods for traditional adsorption towers is not ideal, so the traditional adsorption tower needs to be improved.

[0003] The optimization of the desorption effect of the existing adsorption equipment is mostly multi-tower process improvement. For example, Chinese patent application No. CN201610461532.4 proposes to use a double-tower or multi-tower process to improve the desorption effect by changing the temperature, Chinese patent application No. CN200910015403.2 mentions the use of two-stage adsorption and then selecting the desorption method according to different stages, and Chinese patent application No. CN201310545111.6 mentions an auxiliary buffer tank for reducing the pressure in the tower during desorption of the pressure swing adsorption tower. These are all process improvements proposed during desorption. At present, these processes have the problems of complex adsorption and desorption process and high investment. Therefore, the present invention proposes a desorption device with simple structure, easy operation and low cost, which can effectively solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: in order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a rapid thermal desorption adsorption tower and a method of use, which adopts a single-tower multi-layer structure. Compared with the desorption process using a double tower, the structure can effectively reduce the footprint. At the same time, the structure reduces the thickness of the adsorption material during thermal desorption, thereby reducing the airflow resistance; in addition, the partitioned design of the adsorption tower can accelerate the circulation of hot gas and improve the desorption efficiency of the adsorbent.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a rapid thermal desorption adsorption tower, comprising an adsorption tower body, the top of the adsorption tower body having a feed inlet and the bottom having a waste outlet, the adsorption tower body being filled with a granular adsorbent; at least three adsorption beds are arranged in sequence from top to bottom in the adsorption tower body, two adjacent adsorption beds are separated by a partition device, a bottom baffle is fixed under the bottom adsorption bed, and the side wall of the adsorption tower body corresponding to the upper side of the bottom baffle is provided with a discharge port; each adsorption bed ... The attached beds are all connected with coils, the side of each adsorption bed is connected with a right pipeline, the side of each partition device is connected with a left pipeline, the side of the bottom baffle corresponding to the bottom adsorption bed is also connected with a left pipeline, and each left pipeline is connected with an air inlet sampling tube; the top oil pipeline in the right pipeline is connected with an air intake port; when the adsorption tower is performing adsorption, the left pipeline is the air inlet pipe and the right pipeline is the exhaust pipe; when the adsorption tower is performing thermal desorption, the left pipeline is the thermal desorption exhaust pipe and the right pipeline is the thermal desorption inlet pipe.

[0006] Furthermore, the baffle device includes a circular ring, a baffle plate and a baffle plate, the circular ring is fixed to the inner wall of the adsorption tower body, the baffle plate is bow-shaped, the baffle plate and the circular ring are positioned, the projection of the baffle plate on the baffle plate is the same as the outer shape of the baffle plate, the baffle plate is supported and arranged on the baffle plate in an obliquely upward manner relative to the baffle plate, and the intersection of the baffle plate and the partition is the position of the chord of the partition bow, the left pipeline is connected to the inner wall of the adsorption tower body corresponding to the opening formed by the baffle plate and the partition being obliquely opened upward, and a gap for the filler to fall is formed between the circular ring and the partition plate and the baffle plate.

[0007] Furthermore, the partition and the baffle plate are supported by brackets, and the brackets are distributed at intervals along the circumference of the partition.

[0008] Preferably, meshes are distributed on the baffle plate, and the mesh diameter is 0.5-4 mm and is not larger than the minimum particle size of the adsorbent filled in the adsorption tower body.

[0009] Preferably, the right pipeline has a diameter of 10-500mm and a length of 20-1000mm, the end of the oil pipeline extending into the adsorption tower body has an elbow, the elbow points obliquely downward, and the length of the elbow is 20-1000mm, and the elbow wall is provided with a mesh-like hole, the hole diameter is 0.5-4mm, and is not larger than the minimum particle size of the adsorbent filled in the adsorption tower body.

[0010] Preferably, the diameter of the adsorption tower body is 100-5000mm and the height is 200-6000mm; the diameter of the left pipeline is 10-500mm and the length is 20-1000mm; the diameter of the air intake sampling tube is 2-20mm and the length is 50-500mm; the diameter of the waste outlet is 1 / 3-1 / 2 of the diameter of the adsorption tower body and not less than 40mm, and the length is 20-500mm; the diameter of the discharge port is 1 / 4-1 / 2 of the diameter of the adsorption tower body and not less than 50mm; the pipe diameter of the coil is 5-500mm, and the diameter of the coil circling in the adsorption tower body is 50-5000mm and is less than the diameter of the adsorption tower body; the diameter of the feed port is 1 / 4-1 / 2 of the diameter of the adsorption tower body and not less than 50mm.

[0011] A method for using a rapid thermal desorption adsorption tower, using the above-mentioned rapid thermal desorption adsorption tower, has the following using steps:

[0012] 1) Adsorption operation: the bottom line of the left pipeline is open, and the other left pipelines are closed; the top line of the right pipeline is open, and the other right pipelines are closed; the adsorbed gas enters the adsorption tower from the bottom left pipeline and is discharged from the adsorption tower from the top right pipeline; a gas bag is used to collect gas from the air inlet sampling tube of the bottom left pipeline and the gas outlet of the top oil pipeline; gas is collected at intervals to measure the gas concentrations at the two positions and record them until the adsorption outlet concentration reaches penetration;

[0013] 2) After the adsorption is completed, the thermal desorption operation is carried out: open all right pipelines, and the right pipeline is used as the thermal desorption gas inlet, and the adsorbent is desorbed by blowing hot nitrogen into the right pipeline; open all left pipelines, and the left pipeline is used as the thermal desorption gas outlet; the bed layer in the adsorption tower body is heat exchanged through the coil, and the gas is loaded and taken at the air inlet sampling tube of the left pipeline using a gas bag. From the start of thermal desorption to the completion of thermal desorption, gas is taken at regular intervals to measure the desorption outlet concentration and record it to complete the thermal desorption process.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: a rapid thermal desorption adsorption tower and a method of using the present invention,

[0015] 1. The adsorption tower provided by the present invention has a simple structure and is easy to operate, and saves floor space compared to the traditional double-tower structure;

[0016] 2. The adsorption tower provided by the present invention adopts a multi-layer structure, and the gas enters the cavity from each layer respectively, which effectively reduces the time of flowing through the entire adsorption tower. The outlets are arranged on each layer to reduce the air flow resistance, thereby effectively reducing the energy consumption of the power equipment;

[0017] 3. The adsorption tower provided by the present invention adopts a multi-layer structure, and each layer is provided with a coil, which ensures the stable increase of the temperature in the tower, further reduces the desorption time, and has a high desorption efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a rapid thermal desorption adsorption tower described in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the air-spaced mesh plate of the adsorption tower described in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the thermal desorption exhaust pipe of the adsorption tower described in Example 1 of the present invention is embedded in a spacer mesh plate.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the thermal desorption inlet pipe of the adsorption tower described in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rapid thermal desorption adsorption tower described in Example 2 of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the dispersion and flow of a thermal desorption gas in an adsorption tower according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of a traditional adsorption tower.

[0026] Figure 8 It is a curve diagram of the desorption rate change over time of the traditional adsorption tower and the adsorption tower of the present invention.

[0027] Among them, 1, adsorption tower body 2, third left pipeline 3, second left pipeline 4, first left pipeline 5, third right pipeline 6, second oil pipeline 7, first oil pipeline 8, third air intake sampling tube 9, second air intake sampling tube 10, first air intake sampling tube 11, air intake port 12, feed port 13, waste outlet 14, discharge port 15, first baffle plate 16, second baffle plate 17, second ring 18, first ring 19, bottom baffle plate 20, third coil 21, second coil 22, first coil. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams that only illustrate the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner, and therefore only show the components related to the present invention, and directions and references (e.g., up, down, left, right, etc.) may only be used to help describe the features in the drawings. Therefore, the following specific embodiments are not to be taken in a limiting sense, and the scope of the subject matter claimed is limited only by the attached claims and their equivalents.

[0029] Embodiment 1 provides a rapid thermal desorption adsorption tower, the overall structural schematic diagram and structural cross-sectional diagram of the adsorption tower are as follows: Figure 1 shown.

[0030] The adsorption tower body 1 has a feed inlet 12 at the top and a waste outlet 13 at the bottom. The inner cavity of the adsorption tower body 1 is divided into three adsorption beds by two groups of partition devices, and a bottom baffle 19 is fixed below the bottom adsorption bed, and a discharge port 14 is opened on the side wall of the adsorption tower body 1 above the bottom baffle 19. Each adsorption bed is connected to a coil for passing a heat exchange medium for heat exchange, which are the first coil 22, the second coil 21, and the third coil 20.

[0031] The adsorption tower body 1 is provided with a left pipeline on the left side and a right pipeline on the right side, specifically, the first left pipeline 4, the second left pipeline 3, the third left pipeline 2, the first right pipeline 7, the second right pipeline 6, and the third right pipeline 5. When adsorption is performed, the third left pipeline 2 of the adsorption tower body 1 is an air intake pipe and the first right pipeline is an exhaust pipe. When thermal desorption is performed, the first left pipeline 4, the second left pipeline 3, and the third left pipeline 2 of the adsorption tower body 1 are thermal desorption exhaust pipes, and the first right pipeline 7, the second right pipeline 6, and the third right pipeline 5 are thermal desorption air intake pipes. Among them, each adsorption bed contains and has only one exhaust pipe and one air intake pipe. A first air intake sampling pipe 10 is connected to the first left pipeline 4, a second air intake sampling pipe 9 is connected to the second left pipeline 3, and a third air intake sampling pipe 8 is connected to the third left pipeline 2. A gas extraction port 11 is connected to the first right pipeline 7.

[0032] Specifically, the partition device includes a baffle plate, a partition and a ring. The partition plate and the baffle plate form a cavity, the lower part of the cavity is a partition plate made of a solid plate material, and the upper part of the cavity is a baffle plate with a mesh. Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the partition is a circular plate with a part cut off perpendicular to the diameter, and the cut position is 1 / 2 from the edge to the center of the circle, which is a superior arc shape. The projection of the baffle plate is consistent with the shape of the partition, and the actual shape is an elliptical metal mesh plate with a part cut off perpendicular to the long axis, and the cut position is 1 / 2 from the edge to the center of the ellipse.

[0033] In each partition device of the adsorption tower, the partition and the baffle plate are obliquely intersected, and the cutout is the intersection. The connection method at the cutout is rivet connection. The other non-intersecting parts are vertically supported between the two plates by brackets. The connection method is welding. The total number of brackets is not less than 8 and is an even number. They are symmetrically placed and connected based on the elliptical major axis of the baffle plate. The non-intersecting part of the partition and the baffle plate is a gap, which is used for the adsorbent to fall when the adsorbent is loaded into the tower body. No bracket is set at the gap. Specifically, the shape of the gap is a bad arch, and the maximum height of the cracked arch is 1 / 4 of the diameter of the adsorption tower.

[0034] In the actual design, the adsorption tower and the partition structure are realized by adding a ring inside the adsorption tower. The specific connection method adopts welding to weld a ring on the inner wall of the adsorption tower body 1. The ring is a metal plate, and the partition is directly placed on the ring. In this embodiment, the two partition devices correspond to the first ring 18 and the second ring 17 respectively. The welding positions of the two rings are respectively at the bottom of the adsorbent filling bed layer, 1 / 3 of the adsorption bed layer and 2 / 3 of the adsorption bed layer. The inner radius of the ring is 7 / 16 of the adsorption tower diameter, the outer radius of the ring is 1 / 2 of the adsorption tower diameter, and the ring width is 1 / 16 of the adsorption tower diameter.

[0035] Each partition of the adsorption tower is placed in the same direction. The air inlet pipe and the exhaust pipe of the adsorption tower are installed on different sides. The first left pipeline 4 and the second left pipeline 3 are ordinary straight pipes, and the installation position is to extend into the opening of the partition device respectively, such as Figure 4 As shown, the installation position is respectively lower than the first baffle plate 15 and the second baffle plate 16 to prevent the adsorbent from entering each pipeline and causing pipeline blockage or adsorbent leakage during the entire adsorption process.

[0036] like Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the right pipeline is a pipeline with an elbow, which points obliquely downward. Figure 1 As shown, the first coil 22, the second coil 21, and the third coil 20 of the adsorption tower are respectively installed in each adsorption bed layer, and the installation positions and directions in the adsorption bed layer are consistent.

[0037] Specifically, the bottom baffle 19 is located above the third left pipeline 2 and is a metal mesh with a mesh diameter of 0.5 mm. The diameter of the adsorption tower body 1 is 400 mm and the height is 1400 mm. The diameter of the first left pipeline 4, the second left pipeline 3, and the third left pipeline 2 is 50 mm and the length is 125 mm; the diameter of the first air intake sampling tube 10, the second air intake sampling tube 9, the third air intake sampling tube 8 and the air intake port 11 is 10 mm and the length is 50 mm; the diameter of the waste outlet 13 is 200 mm and the length is 50 mm; the diameter of the discharge port 14 is 200 mm; the diameter of the first right pipeline 7, the second right pipeline 6, and the third oil pipeline 5 is 50 mm and the length is 125 mm, the elbow length is 70 mm, and the opening diameter is 0.6 mm; the diameter of the feed port 12 is 200 mm; the mesh diameter of the first baffle plate 15 and the second baffle plate 16 is 0.5 mm.

[0038] The above-mentioned rapid thermal desorption adsorption tower has the following use steps:

[0039] 1) Adsorption operation: the third left pipeline 2 is opened, the other left pipelines are closed, the first right pipeline 7 is opened, the other right pipelines are closed, the adsorbed gas enters the adsorption tower from the third left pipeline 2, and is discharged from the adsorption tower from the first right pipeline 7. A gas bag is used to collect gas from the air inlet sampling tube of the lowest left pipeline and the gas outlet of the uppermost oil pipeline. The gas concentrations at the two positions are measured and recorded at intervals until the adsorption outlet concentration reaches penetration;

[0040] 2) After the adsorption is completed, a thermal desorption operation is performed: the first right pipeline 7, the second right pipeline 6, and the third right pipeline 5 are opened, the right pipeline is used as the thermal desorption gas inlet, and the adsorbent is desorbed by blowing hot nitrogen into the right pipeline; the first left pipeline 4, the second left pipeline 3, and the third left pipeline 2 are opened, and the left pipeline is used as the thermal desorption gas outlet; the bed layer in the adsorption tower body 1 is heated by the first coil 22, the second coil 21, and the third coil 20, and the gas is loaded and taken at the air inlet sampling tube of the left pipeline using a gas bag. From the start of thermal desorption to the completion of thermal desorption, gas is taken at regular intervals to measure the desorption outlet concentration and record it to complete the thermal desorption process.

[0041] Schematic diagram of the dispersion and flow of thermal desorption gas in the adsorption tower Figure 6 As shown, the specific circulation channels are:

[0042] The thermal desorption gas enters each adsorption bed of the adsorption tower from the right pipeline of the adsorption tower. After entering the adsorption bed, the thermal desorption gas diffuses in all directions. Since the thermal desorption gas enters the adsorption tower from the right side, the thermal desorption gas moves from right to left in the adsorption tower. After the thermal desorption gas in the upper and middle adsorption beds sweeps the adsorbent in the bed, it enters the partition structure cavity along the gaps in the upper mesh plates of the first baffle plate 15 and the second baffle plate 16. The gas in the partition structure cavity flows out of the adsorption tower through the left pipeline, and the gas inside the lower adsorption bed flows into the bottom space of the adsorption tower along the mesh of the bottom baffle plate 19, and then the gas flows out of the adsorption tower through the third left pipeline 2.

[0043] In this embodiment, the thermal desorption gas must pass through an adsorption bed before entering the thermal desorption exhaust pipe of the adsorption tower, that is, the thermal desorption gas flowing into the first right pipeline must pass through the adsorption bed before being discharged through the first left pipeline; the thermal desorption gas flowing into the second right pipeline must pass through the adsorption bed before being discharged through the second left pipeline; the thermal desorption gas flowing into the third right pipeline must pass through the adsorption bed and continue to pass through the bottom baffle 19 before being discharged through the third left pipeline. This is because the structural position design of the air-insulated mesh plate of the adsorption tower and the thermal desorption inlet and exhaust pipes can effectively control the flow path of the gas and improve the desorption efficiency of the adsorbed gas.

[0044] Comparative Example 1:

[0045] This comparative example provides a traditional adsorption tower, the overall structure of the traditional adsorption tower is as follows Figure 7 As shown, the adsorption tower is an integral structure, mainly including a device body, an air inlet located at the bottom of the tower, an air outlet located at the top of the tower, a perforated plate is provided at the air inlet, and the device body on the perforated plate is filled with adsorption material, and the size is the same as the adsorption tower in Example 1.

[0046] In this comparative example, a conventional adsorption tower and an adsorption tower of Example 1 of the present invention were filled with 50 kg of activated carbon for adsorption penetration, and then thermal desorption was compared. Figure 8 The desorption rate of the two adsorption towers varies with time. Figure 8 It can be seen that the adsorption tower provided in Example 1 has a higher desorption rate and a faster desorption speed than the traditional adsorption tower. When the desorption is 150 minutes, the desorption rate of the adsorption tower of the present invention reaches 90.1%, which is 32.5% higher than the desorption rate of 57.6% of the traditional adsorption tower at 150 minutes, which can save a lot of desorption time.

[0047] It can be seen from the above embodiments and comparative examples that the rapid thermal desorption adsorption tower adopted in the present invention can effectively reduce the thickness of the adsorption material layer, reduce the airflow resistance, and thus effectively reduce the energy consumption of the power equipment; the partitioned design of the adsorption tower pipeline described in the present invention can accelerate the gas circulation and improve the thermal desorption efficiency of the adsorbed gas.

[0048] Embodiment 2:

[0049] like Figure 5 The fast thermal desorption adsorption tower shown is different from the first embodiment in that the adsorption tower body has four adsorption beds separated by three partition structures.

[0050] Based on the above ideal embodiments of the present invention, the relevant staff can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of the present invention through the above description. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents of the specification, and its technical scope must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A rapid thermal desorption adsorption tower, characterized in that: It comprises an adsorption tower body, wherein the top of the adsorption tower body has a feed inlet, the bottom has a waste outlet, and the adsorption tower body is filled with granular adsorbent; At least three adsorption beds are arranged in sequence from top to bottom in the adsorption tower body, two adjacent adsorption beds are separated by a partition device, a bottom baffle is fixed under the bottom adsorption bed, and the adsorption tower body has a discharge port on the side wall above the bottom baffle; Each adsorption bed is connected to a coil, and the side of each adsorption bed is connected to a right pipeline, and the side of each partition device is connected to a left pipeline. The side of the bottom baffle corresponding to the bottom adsorption bed is also connected to a left pipeline, and each left pipeline is connected to an air inlet sampling tube; the top oil pipeline in the right pipeline is connected to an air intake port; when the adsorption tower is performing adsorption, the left pipeline is the air inlet pipe and the right pipeline is the exhaust pipe; when the adsorption tower is performing thermal desorption, the left pipeline is the thermal desorption exhaust pipe and the right pipeline is the thermal desorption air inlet pipe; The baffle device includes a circular ring, a baffle plate and a baffle plate. The circular ring is fixed to the inner wall of the adsorption tower body. The baffle plate is arched. The baffle plate and the circular ring are positioned. The projection of the baffle plate on the baffle plate is the same as the appearance of the baffle plate. The baffle plate is supported on the baffle plate and is opened obliquely upward relative to the baffle plate. The intersection of the baffle plate and the baffle plate is the position of the chord of the partition bow. The left pipeline is connected to the inner wall of the adsorption tower body corresponding to the opening formed by the baffle plate and the baffle plate opening obliquely upward. A gap for the filler to fall is formed between the circular ring and the baffle plate, and the baffle plate. Each baffle of the adsorption tower is placed in the same direction.

2. The method for using a rapid thermal desorption adsorption tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The partition plate and the baffle plate are supported by brackets, and the brackets are distributed at intervals along the circumference of the partition plate.

3. The method for using a rapid thermal desorption adsorption tower according to claim 2, characterized in that: The baffle plate is provided with meshes, the mesh diameter is 0.5-4 mm and is not larger than the minimum particle size of the adsorbent filled in the adsorption tower body.

4. The method for using a rapid thermal desorption adsorption tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The right pipeline has a diameter of 10-500 mm and a length of 20-1000 mm. The end of the oil pipeline extending into the adsorption tower body has an elbow, which points obliquely downward and has a length of 20-1000 mm. The elbow wall has a mesh-like hole with a diameter of 0.5-4 mm and is not larger than the minimum particle size of the adsorbent filled in the adsorption tower body.

5. The method for using a rapid thermal desorption adsorption tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the adsorption tower body is 100-5000 mm and the height is 200-6000 mm; the diameter of the left pipeline is 10-500 mm and the length is 20-1000 mm; the diameter of the air intake sampling tube is 2-20 mm and the length is 50-500 mm; the diameter of the waste outlet is 1 / 3-1 / 2 of the diameter of the adsorption tower body and is not less than 40 mm, and the length is 20-500 mm; the diameter of the discharge port is 1 / 4-1 / 2 of the diameter of the adsorption tower body and is not less than 50 mm; the pipe diameter of the coil is 5-500 mm, and the diameter of the coil circling in the adsorption tower body is 50-5000 mm and is less than the diameter of the adsorption tower body; the diameter of the feed port is 1 / 4-1 / 2 of the diameter of the adsorption tower body and is not less than 50 mm.

6. The method for using a rapid thermal desorption adsorption tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rapid thermal desorption adsorption tower according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is used in the following steps: 1) Adsorption operation: the bottom line of the left pipeline is open, and the other left pipelines are closed; the top line of the right pipeline is open, and the other right pipelines are closed; the adsorbed gas enters the adsorption tower from the bottom left pipeline and is discharged from the adsorption tower from the top right pipeline; use a gas bag to collect gas from the air inlet sampling tube of the bottom left pipeline and the gas outlet of the top oil pipeline; take gas at intervals to measure the gas concentration at the two positions and record it until the adsorption outlet concentration reaches penetration; 2) After the adsorption is completed, the thermal desorption operation is carried out: open all right pipelines, and the right pipeline is used as the thermal desorption gas inlet. The adsorbent is desorbed by blowing hot nitrogen into the right pipeline; open all left pipelines, and the left pipeline is used as the thermal desorption gas outlet; the bed layer in the adsorption tower body is heat exchanged through the coil, and the gas is collected at the inlet sampling tube of the left pipeline using a gas bag. From the start of thermal desorption to the completion of thermal desorption, gas is collected at regular intervals to measure the desorption outlet concentration and record it to complete the thermal desorption process.

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