Laser phosphor-based pixelated light source

Abstract

The present invention provides a light-emitting device (1000), comprising: (i) n laser light sources (10), (ii) focusing optics (20), and (iii) a luminescent body (200), wherein: (A) the n laser light sources (10) are configured to generate laser light source light (11); wherein the focusing optics (20) are configured to focus the laser light source light (11) into a focused beam (21) of the laser light source light (11); wherein n≥2; (B) the luminescent body (200) comprises a luminescent material (210), wherein the luminescent body (200) is configured to be in an optical receiving relationship with the n laser light sources (10), wherein the luminescent material (210) is configured to convert at least a part of the laser light source light (11) into luminescent material light (211); (C) the n laser light sources (10) and the focusing optics (20) are configured to provide a spot (300) of the laser light source light (11) on the luminescent body (200) in an operating mode; wherein k groups of spots (300) each have a separately selected number m of spots (300), wherein two or more spots (300) within each group have partial overlap, wherein 2≤m≤n and 1≤k<n; and (D) wherein a first spot region (310) is defined by 10%-100% of the maximum intensity of the spot (300), wherein for at least one spot (300) within at least one of the k groups, it is applicable to overlap with at least another first spot region within the range of 5%-80% of its first spot region (310).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a light-emitting device and a lamp or projection device including such a light-emitting device. Background Technology

[0002] White light sources using laser diodes and phosphors are known in the art. For example, US2018 / 031616 describes an apparatus and method for integrating a white electromagnetic radiation source using a combination of a laser diode excitation source based on gallium and nitrogen-containing materials and a phosphor-based emission source. Gallium and nitrogen-based violet, blue, or other wavelength laser diode sources can be tightly integrated with phosphor materials such as yellow phosphors to form a compact, high-brightness, and efficient white light source. The phosphor material is provided with multiple scattering centers etched on or within the excitation surface of a plate to scatter electromagnetic radiation from a laser beam incident on the excitation surface from the excitation source, thereby enhancing the generation and quality of light emitted from the phosphor material for outputting white light emission in either a reflection or transmission mode.

[0003] US2018 / 156409A discloses a lighting device comprising: a plurality of semiconductor main light sources for emitting respective main beams; at least one movable reflector illuminating by means of the main beams and capable of taking at least two angular positions; and a light-emitting element illuminating by means of the main beams deflected by the at least one reflector. The spot of each individual main beam is locally distinguishable on the at least one light-emitting element, depending on the angular position of the at least one movable reflector; the overall spot of the individual main beams is locally distinguishable on the at least one light-emitting element; and at least one beam characteristic of the at least one main beam incident on the at least one light-emitting element is variable during operation of the lighting device.

[0004] WO2020 / 116084A discloses a light source unit, comprising: a first light emitting point emitting a first light beam; a second light emitting point emitting a second light beam and arranged away from the first light emitting point in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction; a deflection element deflecting at least the first light beam or the second light beam upward in a third direction orthogonal to the first and second directions; and a first focusing optical element converging the first light beam and the second light beam emitted from the deflection element onto a converging surface. The first light beam at the first light emitting point and the second light beam at the second light emitting point overlap upward in a third direction. On the converging surface, the first light beam and the second light beam overlap in the second direction and separate upward in a third direction.

[0005] WO2019 / 061371A1 discloses a packaging structure for laser devices and its optical guide structure. The packaging structure for laser devices includes a substrate, a laser element, an optical guide structure, and a wavelength conversion layer. The laser element (220) is fixed on the upper surface of the substrate and can emit a first laser beam. The optical guide structure includes a transparent heat-conducting block and a reflector, and performs optical shaping on the horizontal light emitted by the laser element, then converts the light into vertical light and emits it. The wavelength conversion layer is formed on the upper surface of the optical guide structure. The optical guide structure serves as a heat dissipation channel and releases the heat generated during wavelength conversion. When SMD packaging is used in the packaging structure of laser devices, the light source component has high thermal conductivity and good heat dissipation performance, thereby reducing the impact of heat on the emitted light of the laser device and improving the reliability of the package.

[0006] US2013 / 265561A discloses a light emitting device comprising a plurality of laser elements, a light emitting section for emitting light in response to a laser beam, and an emission control section for controlling whether each of the plurality of laser elements emits light. At least a portion of the plurality of laser elements is positioned such that the irradiation area of ​​the light emitting section is at least partially different.

[0007] US2018 / 128451A1 discloses an apparatus for wavelength conversion, including a wavelength converter, a first reflector, a second reflector, a third reflector, and a first lens. The first reflector has a curvature and is configured to reflect a plurality of input light beams onto the second reflector. The second reflector is configured to reflect the input light onto the third reflector. The first lens is disposed between the wavelength converter and the third reflector. The third reflector is configured to reflect the input light through the first lens onto the wavelength converter, which is then excited to emit emitted light. The first lens is configured to receive at least a portion of the emitted light, reduce its divergence, and at least partially transmit at least a portion of the emitted light to form output light propagating toward the third reflector, which is configured to at least partially transmit the output light. Summary of the Invention

[0008] Although white LED sources can provide, for example, up to approximately 300 lm / mm 2 The intensity; static phosphor-converted white laser sources can provide even higher intensity, up to approximately 20,000 lm / mm. 2The intensity of the light emission is high. Ce-doped garnet (e.g., YAG, LuAG) is the most suitable light-emitting converter because the garnet matrix has very high chemical stability, allowing it to be used for pumping with blue lasers. Furthermore, at low Ce concentrations (e.g., below 0.5%), temperature quenching may only occur above about 200°C. Additionally, emission from Ce has a very fast decay time, thus virtually avoiding optical saturation. Assuming, for example, reflective mode operation, the blue laser can be incident on the phosphor. This allows for almost complete conversion of the blue light in the embodiments, resulting in the emission of the converted light. It is for this reason that garnet phosphors, with their relatively high stability and thermal conductivity, are recommended. However, other phosphors can also be applied. When using extremely high power densities, thermal management remains an issue.

[0009] High-brightness light sources can be used in applications such as projection, stage lighting, spotlighting, and automotive lighting. For this purpose, laser-phosphor technology can be used, where a laser provides the laser beam, and a phosphor, for example (remotely), converts the laser beam into converted light. In embodiments, the phosphor can be arranged on or inserted into a heat sink to improve thermal management and thus increase brightness.

[0010] One of the problems that may be associated with this type of (laser) light source is the thermal management of the ceramic phosphor. Another problem associated with this type of laser light source may be the desire to manufacture compact, high-power devices.

[0011] Therefore, one aspect of the present invention is to provide an alternative light-emitting element that preferably further eliminates at least partially one or more of the aforementioned disadvantages. The object of the present invention is to overcome or improve upon at least one of the disadvantages of the prior art, or to provide a useful alternative.

[0012] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a light-emitting device (“lighting device” or “device”), which comprises (i) n laser light sources, (ii) focusing optics, such as reflective focusing optics in an embodiment, and (iii) a plurality of light-emitting bodies. In particular, the n laser light sources are configured to generate laser light source light. Further, the focusing optics are configured to focus the laser light source light into a focused beam of the laser light source light. More particularly, the focusing optics may be configured to reflect and focus the source light, especially the laser light source light, into a focused beam of the source light, especially the laser light source light. Further, n≥4. The light-emitting bodies comprise a light-emitting material. The light-emitting bodies are configured to be in a light-receiving relationship with the n laser light sources. The light-emitting material is configured to convert at least a part of the laser light source light into light-emitting material light. The n laser light sources, and the (reflective) focusing optics are configured to provide (n) light spots of the laser light source light on the light-emitting bodies in an operating mode. Where k groups of light spots each have a separately selected number of m light spots. Two or more light spots within each group may have partial overlap, where 2≤m≤n and 1≤k<n. A first light spot region is defined by 10%-100% of the maximum intensity of the light spot, where for at least one light spot within at least one group of the k groups, it is applicable to overlap with at least another first light spot region within the group in the range of 5%-80% of its first light spot region.

[0013] With such a light-emitting device, thermal management can be improved and the thermal load can be better handled. Further, with such a light-emitting device, pixelated light sources can be provided, where the intensity difference between pixels is not too low. In this way, a pixelated light source with a relatively uniform light distribution on the (surface of the) light-emitting body can be provided, while pixelation is also possible. In this way, light sources for different applications can be provided, such as high-brightness applications, such as, for example, stage lighting, medical lighting, projection devices, automotive lighting, etc.

[0014] As described above, the light-emitting device comprises (i) n laser light sources, (ii) focusing optics, and (iii) a plurality of light-emitting bodies.

[0015] The term "light source" can refer to semiconductor light-emitting devices, such as light-emitting diodes (LEDs), resonant cavity light-emitting diodes (RCLEDs), vertical cavity laser diodes (VCSELs), edge-emitting lasers, etc. The term "light source" can also refer to organic light-emitting diodes, such as passive matrix (PMOLED) or active matrix (AMOLED). In specific embodiments, the light source includes solid-state light sources (such as LEDs or laser diodes). In one embodiment, the light source includes LEDs (light-emitting diodes). The term LED can also refer to multiple LEDs. Further, the term "light source" in embodiments can also refer to so-called chip-on-board (COB) light sources. The term "COB" specifically refers to LED chips in the form of semiconductor chips that are neither packaged nor connected but directly mounted on a substrate such as a PCB. Therefore, multiple semiconductor light sources can be configured on the same substrate. In embodiments, a COB is a multi-LED chip configured together as a single lighting module. The term "light source" can also refer to multiple (substantially identical (or different)) light sources (such as 2-2000 solid-state light sources). In embodiments, the light source may include one or more micro-optical elements (microlens arrays) downstream of a single solid-state light source (such as an LED) or downstream of multiple solid-state light sources (i.e., shared by multiple LEDs). In embodiments, the light source may include an LED with on-chip optics. In embodiments, the light source includes pixelated individual LEDs (with or without optics) (provided with on-chip beam control in embodiments). The term "laser source" specifically refers to a laser. Such a laser can be configured to generate laser source light having one or more wavelengths in the UV, visible, or infrared range, particularly wavelengths selected from a spectral wavelength range of 200-2000 nm, such as 300-1500 nm. The term "laser" specifically refers to a device that emits light through a light amplification process based on stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation. In particular, in embodiments, the term "laser" may refer to a solid-state laser.

[0016] Therefore, in the embodiments, the light source includes a laser light source. In the embodiments, the term "laser" or "solid-state laser" may refer to one or more of the following: cerium-doped lithium strontium (or calcium) aluminum fluoride (Ce:LiSAF, Ce:LiCAF), chromium-doped chalcopyrite (alexandrite) laser, chromium ZnSe (CnZnSe) laser, divalent samarium-doped calcium fluoride (Sm:CaF2) laser, Er:YAG laser, erbium-doped and erbium-ytterbium co-doped glass lasers, F-center laser, holmium YAG (Ho:YAG) laser, Nd:YAG laser, Nd:CrYAG laser. Lasers, Nd:YCa4O(BO3)3 or Nd:YCOB doped calcium yttrium borate (Nd:YVO4) lasers, Nd glass (Nd:glass) lasers, Nd YLF (Nd:YLF) solid-state lasers, Promethium-147 doped phosphate glass (147Pm) 3＋ Solid-state lasers (glass), ruby ​​lasers (Al2O3:Cr) 3+ ), Thulium YAG (Tm:YAG) laser, Titanium Sapphire (Ti:sapphire; Al2O3:Ti) laser, 3+ This includes lasers such as trivalent uranium-doped calcium fluoride (U:CaF2) solid-state lasers, ytterbium-doped glass lasers (rods, plates / chips, and fibers), ytterbium YAG (Yb:YAG) lasers, and Yb2O3 (glass or ceramic) lasers. In embodiments, the term "laser" or "solid-state laser" can refer to one or more semiconductor laser diodes, such as GaN, InGaN, AlGaNP, AlGaAs, InGaAsP, lead salts, vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs), quantum cascade lasers, hybrid silicon lasers, etc.

[0017] Lasers can be combined with upconverters to achieve shorter wavelengths. For example, upconversion can be achieved using some (trivalent) rare earth ions, or by using a nonlinear crystal. Alternatively, lasers can be combined with downconverters, such as dye lasers, to achieve longer wavelengths.

[0018] As can be derived below, the term "laser source" can also refer to multiple (different or identical) laser sources. In a specific embodiment, the term "laser source" can refer to N (identical) laser sources. In an embodiment, N=2 or greater. In a specific embodiment, N can be at least 5, such as, in particular, at least 8. In this way, higher brightness can be obtained. In an embodiment, the laser sources can be arranged in a laser array (see also above). In an embodiment, the laser array can include heat dissipation and / or optics (e.g., lenses for collimating the laser).

[0019] A laser source is configured to generate laser light (or "laser"). The light source can consist essentially of laser light. The light source can also include laser light from two or more (different or identical) laser sources. For example, laser light from two or more (different or identical) laser sources can be coupled into a light guide to provide a single beam of light comprising laser light from two or more (different or identical) laser sources. In a particular embodiment, the light source is therefore, in particular, collimated light. In yet another embodiment, the light source is, in particular, (collimated) laser light. The phrase "different sources" or "multiple different sources" and similar phrases in the embodiments can refer to multiple solid-state sources selected from at least two different bins. Similarly, the phrase "identical sources" or "multiple identical sources" and similar phrases in the embodiments can refer to multiple solid-state sources selected from the same bin.

[0020] The light source is specifically configured to generate light with an optical axis (O), (beam shape), and spectral power distribution. In embodiments, the light source light may include one or more bands having bandwidths known to the laser. In specific embodiments, the bands may be relatively sharp lines, such as having a full width at half maximum (FWHM) in the range of less than 20 nm at RT (room temperature), such as equal to or less than 10 nm. Therefore, the light source light has a spectral power distribution (intensity on an energy scale as a function of wavelength) that may include one or more (narrow) bands.

[0021] The beam of light (from the light source) can be a focused or collimated beam of light from the (laser) source. The term "focused" specifically refers to convergence into a small spot. This small spot can be located at, or (slightly) upstream of, or (slightly) downstream of, a discrete converter region. In particular, focusing and / or collimation can be performed such that the cross-sectional shape of the beam (perpendicular to the optical axis) at the discrete converter region is substantially no larger than the cross-sectional shape (perpendicular to the optical axis) of the discrete converter region (where the light source illuminates the discrete converter region). Focusing can be performed using one or more optical devices, such as (focusing) lenses. In particular, two lenses can be applied to focus the laser source light. Collimation can be performed using one or more (other) optical devices, such as collimating elements, such as lenses and / or parabolic mirrors. In embodiments, the (laser) source beam can be relatively highly collimated, such as ≤2° (FWHM) in embodiments, more particularly ≤1° (FWHM), and most particularly ≤0.5° (FWHM). Therefore, ≤2° (FWHM) can be considered (highly) collimated light. Optical devices can be used to provide (high) collimation (see also above).

[0022] In this embodiment, the laser source can be arranged in a laser array. The laser array may include heat dissipation and / or optics (e.g., lenses for collimating the laser). The laser array may include, for example, at least 10, such as at least 20, laser sources.

[0023] The light source is configured to generate light. The light source is specifically chosen to provide light capable of exciting luminescent materials. For example, in an embodiment, the light source may be blue light, because blue light can excite a variety of possible garnet-type materials. However, other wavelengths besides blue are also possible. For example, in an embodiment, the light source may be ultraviolet light or green light. Different light sources configured to generate light with different spectra are also possible.

[0024] The terms “upstream” and “downstream” refer to components of an item or feature relative to the propagation of light from a light-emitting device (hereinforcingly, a light source), wherein a second position in the beam closer to the light-emitting device is “upstream” relative to a first position within the beam from the light-emitting device, and a third position in the beam further away from the light-emitting device is “downstream”.

[0025] Specifically, the light source is configured to generate (laser) light, and the light-emitting body is specifically configured to be in a light-receiving relationship with the light source.

[0026] The terms "radiatively coupled" or "optically coupled" can specifically mean (i) a light-generating element, such as a (laser) light source, and (ii) another article or material, associated with each other such that at least a portion of the radiation emitted by the light-generating element is received by the article or material. In other words, the article or material is configured to have a light-receiving relationship with the light-generating element. At least a portion of the radiation from the light-generating element will be received by the article or material. This can be, in embodiments, directly, for example, by an article or material in physical contact with the light-emitting surface of the light-generating element. In embodiments, this can be via a medium (such as air, gas, or a liquid or solid light-guiding material). In embodiments, one or more optical devices (such as lenses, reflectors, filters) can also be arranged in the optical path between the light-generating element and the article or material.

[0027] In this document, the invention is further described with respect to laser light sources as light sources.

[0028] As described above, n laser sources are configured to generate laser light. Specifically, the laser light is visible light. In yet another embodiment, the light source, particularly the laser light, is blue light.

[0029] The terms “visible,” “visible light,” or “visible emission,” and similar terms refer to light having one or more wavelengths in the range of about 380-780 nm. In this document, UV specifically refers to wavelengths selected from the range of 200-380 nm. The terms “light” and “radiation” are used interchangeably herein unless the context clearly indicates that the term “light” refers only to visible light. Therefore, the terms “light” and “radiation” can refer to UV radiation, visible light, and IR radiation. In specific embodiments, particularly for lighting applications, the terms “light” and “radiation” refer to (at least) visible light. The terms “violet light” or “violet emission” specifically refer to light having wavelengths in the range of about 380-440 nm. The terms “blue light” or “blue emission” specifically refer to light (including some violet and cyan hues) having wavelengths in the range of about 440-495 nm. The terms “green light” or “green emission” specifically refer to light having wavelengths in the range of about 495-570 nm. The term "yellow light" or "yellow emission" specifically refers to light having wavelengths in the range of about 570-590 nm. The term "orange light" or "orange emission" specifically refers to light having wavelengths in the range of about 590-620 nm. The term "red light" or "red emission" specifically refers to light having wavelengths in the range of about 620-780 nm. The term "pink light" or "pink emission" refers to light having both blue and red components. The term "cyan" can refer to one or more wavelengths selected from the range of about 490-520 nm. The term "amber" can refer to one or more wavelengths selected from the range of about 585-605 nm, such as the range of about 590-600 nm.

[0030] As described above, the light-emitting device also includes focusing optics. As mentioned above, the laser can be collimated using a lens, although this is not mandatory. The focusing optics described herein are at least included in the light-emitting device. This focusing optics can be used to focus diverging laser light or to focus (already) collimated laser light. In this way, a spot of laser light can be generated on the light-emitting body (see also further below).

[0031] In embodiments, the focusing optics may include one or more lenses. Therefore, in embodiments, the focusing optics may be transmissive. In such embodiments, the focusing optics are configured to focus the laser light source into a focused beam of laser light. As will be discussed below, in embodiments, each laser source may include its corresponding focusing optics. Therefore, in embodiments, the device may include n laser sources and n focusing optics. In alternative embodiments, the device includes n laser sources and fewer than n focusing optics, such as, for example, Or fewer. For example, two laser sources can be configured upstream of the same focusing optics and can generate two light spots on the emitter.

[0032] In embodiments, the reflective focusing optics may include one or more reflectors. Therefore, in embodiments, the reflective focusing optics may be reflective. In such embodiments, the reflective focusing optics are configured to reflect and focus laser light into a focused beam of laser light. As will be discussed below, in embodiments, each laser source may include its corresponding reflective focusing optics. Therefore, in embodiments, the device may include n laser sources and n reflective focusing optics. In alternative embodiments, the device includes n laser sources and fewer than n reflective focusing optics, such as, for example, Or fewer. For example, two laser sources can be configured upstream of the same reflective focusing optics and can produce two light spots on the emitter.

[0033] Therefore, in a specific embodiment, the focusing optics include reflective focusing optics. In particular, such optics allows for good focusing and a compact light-emitting device. In a specific embodiment, the reflective focusing optics are configured to reflect and focus the laser light source into a focused beam of laser light. In yet another specific embodiment, the focusing optics may be selected from the group consisting of parabolic mirrors and ellipsoidal mirrors. Alternatively or additionally, in another specific embodiment, the focusing optics may be selected from a group of free-form mirrors, for example, to customize the precise shape of the focal point on the light source.

[0034] In a specific embodiment, the focusing optics may be selected from an ellipsoidal mirror. An elliptic curve is a Cartesian ellipse, a set of points whose distances to two fixed points are linearly the same. An ellipsoid is an elliptic curve that rotates in space about its major axis. An ellipsoidal mirror may, in particular, have two focal points. Light emitted from the first focal point is focused onto the second focal point. In the present case, the laser is positioned at the first focal point, and the laser light is focused onto a phosphor at the second focal point. The distance between the focal points (focal distance) can be selected by the size of the ellipsoid. In the case of a laser with a finite radiation angle, it may be necessary to use only a small portion of the ellipsoid to reflect all the light and focus it onto the phosphor.

[0035] As described above, in the embodiments, each laser source may include its corresponding focusing optics, particularly its corresponding reflective focusing optics. This allows the laser source and its corresponding optics to be provided as a single unit. Since the source and optics are not separate units, such a single unit can be easily replaced and is easy to adjust. Therefore, in the embodiments, the light-emitting device includes n illumination units, wherein each of the n illumination units includes (i) a laser source configured to generate laser light and (ii) a focusing optics configured to (reflect and) focus the laser light into a focused beam of laser light.

[0036] When the number of focusing optics is at least four, such as at least eight, the focusing optics can be configured in a ring. A series of at least four focusing optics can be configured to surround the light source, but will typically be configured at a distance from the light source (i.e., above the light source, optionally with some lateral displacement relative to the light source).

[0037] The light-emitting device comprises four or more laser sources. Therefore, n ≥ 4, such as in the range of 4–576, e.g., 8–256. However, this document does not exclude more than 576 laser sources. In particular, n can be selected from the range of 8–256, e.g., up to 64.

[0038] When n≥4, especially when n≥8, the (laser) source can be configured as a ring around the emitting body.

[0039] Specifically, in embodiments, the laser source is configured to generate laser light with the same color point. In a particular embodiment, the colors or color points of the first type of light and the second type of light can be substantially the same when the corresponding color points of the first type of light and the second type of light differ by a maximum of 0.03 with respect to u' and / or at least 0.03 with respect to v', or even more specifically, by a maximum of 0.02 with respect to u' and / or at least 0.02 with respect to v'. In yet another more specific embodiment, the corresponding color points of the first type of light and the second type of light can differ by a maximum of 0.01 with respect to u' and / or at least 0.01 with respect to v'. Here, u' and v' are the color coordinates of the light in the CIE 1976 UCS (Uniform Chromaticity Scale) diagram. In a particular embodiment, the laser source can be the same box.

[0040] As described above, the light-emitting device also includes a plurality of light-emitting elements. Each light-emitting element comprises a light-emitting material, wherein the light-emitting element is configured to receive light from n laser light sources, and wherein the light-emitting material is configured to convert at least a portion of the laser light into light emitted by the light source. Specifically, the light emitted by the light source includes visible light, such as colored dots in yellow or green.

[0041] The term "luminescent material" in this document refers particularly to inorganic luminescent materials, which are sometimes also referred to as phosphors. These terms are known to those skilled in the art.

[0042] In embodiments, quantum dots and / or organic dyes may be applied and optionally embedded in a transmission matrix, such as, for example, a polymer, such as PMMA or polysiloxane, etc. Quantum dots are small crystals of semiconductor material, typically having a width or diameter of only a few nanometers. When excited by incident light, quantum dots emit light of a color determined by the size and material of the crystal. Therefore, a specific color of light can be produced by adjusting the size of the dot. Most known quantum dots with emission in the visible range are based on cadmium selenide (CdSe) having a shell such as cadmium sulfide (CdS) and zinc sulfide (ZnS). Cadmium-free quantum dots, such as indium phosphide (InP) and copper indium sulfide (CuInS2) and / or silver indium sulfide (AgInS2), can also be used. Quantum dots exhibit very narrow emission bands, and therefore they exhibit saturated colors. Furthermore, the emission color can be easily tuned by adjusting the size of the quantum dots. Any type of quantum dot known in the art can be used in this invention. However, for environmental safety and concerns, the use of cadmium-free quantum dots or quantum dots with at least very low cadmium content may be preferred. Alternatives to quantum dots or other quantum confinement structures may be used. In the context of this application, the term "quantum confinement structure" should be understood to mean, for example, quantum wells, quantum dots, quantum rods, tripods, quadrupoles, or nanowires. Organic phosphors may also be used. Examples of suitable organic phosphor materials are perylene derivative-based organic light-emitting materials, such as compounds marketed by BASF under the name Lumogen®. Examples of suitable compounds include, but are not limited to, Lumogen® Red F305, Lumogen® Orange F240, Lumogen® Yellow F083, and Lumogen® F170. Therefore, quantum confinement structures can also be converter elements. Organic light-emitting materials (such as the aforementioned dyes), or more particularly their specific (functional) groups, can therefore also be converter elements. Elements such as (trivalent) Ce and divalent Eu are also referred to in the art as activators or activator elements or "dopants." Therefore, in particular, light-emitting materials are or include converter elements.

[0043] As described above, the light-emitting device further includes, in particular, a light-emitting material configured to convert at least a portion of the light source light into light-emitting material light having an emission band having a wavelength in one or more of the following spectral wavelength ranges: (a) green spectral wavelength range and (b) yellow spectral wavelength range.

[0044] The term "luminescent material" specifically refers to a material capable of converting a first type of radiation, particularly blue radiation (one or more of UV and blue radiation), into a second type of radiation. Typically, the first and second radiations have different spectral power distributions. Therefore, the terms "luminescent converter" or "converter" can also be used instead of "luminescent material." Typically, the second radiation has a spectral power distribution at a wavelength greater than the first radiation, which is the case in so-called downconversion. However, in specific embodiments, the second radiation has a spectral power distribution with intensity at wavelengths less than the first radiation, which is the case in so-called upconversion. In embodiments, "luminescent material" can specifically refer to a material capable of converting radiation into, for example, visible light and / or infrared light. For example, in embodiments, the luminescent material is capable of converting one or more of UV and blue radiation into visible light. In specific embodiments, the luminescent material can also convert radiation into infrared (IR) radiation. Therefore, when excited by radiation, the luminescent material emits radiation. Typically, the luminescent material will be a downconverter, i.e., radiation of a smaller wavelength is converted into radiation of a larger wavelength (…). The radiation is emitted, although in specific embodiments the luminescent material may include a down-converter luminescent material, i.e., radiation of a larger wavelength is converted into radiation of a smaller wavelength ( ). The term "luminescence" can refer to phosphorescence. In embodiments, the term "luminescence" can also refer to fluorescence. The term "emission" can also be used instead of "luminescence." Therefore, the terms "first radiation" and "second radiation" can refer to excitation radiation and emission (radiation), respectively. Similarly, the term "luminescent material" can refer to phosphorescence and / or fluorescence in embodiments. The term "luminescent material" can also refer to a variety of different luminescent materials. The term "luminescent material" as used herein can also refer to materials comprising luminescent materials, such as a light-transmitting body comprising a luminescent material.

[0045] Specifically, the luminescent material is configured to convert at least a portion of the light from the light source into luminescent material light having an emission band having wavelengths in one or more spectral wavelength ranges selected from (a) the green spectral wavelength range and (b) the yellow spectral wavelength range, wherein the luminescent material comprises of type The luminescent material is (garnet), wherein A comprises one or more of Y, La, Gd, Tb, and Lu, and B comprises one or more of Al, Ga, In, and Sc. Therefore, the light emitted by the luminescent material can be, for example, green or yellow (or even orange in specific embodiments (depending on the composition of the garnet and the cerium concentration)). However, other embodiments are also possible, see below. In embodiments, 0.05%-10% of element A comprises Ce, and even more particularly 0.05%-5%, such as 0.1%-5%. Specifically, in embodiments, 0.1%-3% of element A comprises Ce, such as up to 2%, such as selected from the range of 0.1%-1.5%, such as at least above 0.5%.

[0046] Specifically, luminescent materials include or are conversion materials. Luminescent materials convert light from a light source (such as light from the light source) into secondary light (here, light from the luminescent material). Luminescent materials may include organic groups, molecules, or inorganic groups that convert light. Such groups (or molecules) can be represented as conversion elements. Garnet-type materials, as described above, include cerium (Ce) as a conversion element. Cerium-containing garnets are well known in the art.

[0047] Therefore, in a specific embodiment, the luminescent material includes type A3B5O. 12 The luminescent material: wherein A in the embodiments comprises one or more of Y, La, Gd, Tb and Lu, especially (at least) one or more of Y, Gd, Tb and Lu, and wherein B in the embodiments comprises one or more of Al, Ga, In and Sc. In particular, A may comprise one or more of Y, Gd and Lu, such as especially one or more of Y and Lu. In particular, B may comprise one or more of Al and Ga, more particularly including at least Al, such as substantially entirely comprising Al. Therefore, a particularly suitable luminescent material is cerium-containing garnet material. Examples of garnet particularly include A3B5O. 12Garnet, wherein A comprises at least yttrium or lutetium, and wherein B comprises at least aluminum. This garnet may be doped with cerium (Ce), praseodymium (Pr), or a combination of cerium and praseodymium; however, Ce is particularly preferred. Specifically, B comprises aluminum (Al), however, B may also partially comprise gallium (Ga) and / or scandium (Sc) and / or indium (In), particularly up to about 20% Al, more particularly up to about 10% Al (i.e., the B ion is essentially composed of 90% or more moles of Al and 10% or less moles of one or more of Ga, Sc, and In); B may particularly comprise up to about 10% gallium. In another variant, B and O may be at least partially replaced by Si and N. Element A may be particularly selected from the group consisting of yttrium (Y), gadolinium (Gd), terbium (Tb), and lutetium (Lu). Further, Gd and / or Tb are particularly present only in amounts up to about 20% A. In one specific embodiment, the garnet luminescent material includes , where x is equal to or greater than 0 and equal to or less than 1. The term ":Ce" indicates that a portion of the metal ions (i.e., in garnet, a portion of the "A" ions) in the luminescent material is replaced by Ce. For example, in In this case: a portion of Y and / or Lu is replaced by Ce. This is known to those skilled in the art. Ce will generally replace no more than 10% of A; typically, the Ce concentration will be in the range of 0.1% to 4%, especially 0.1% to 2% (relative to A). Assuming 1% Ce and 10% Y, the perfectly correct molecular formula could be... As is known to those skilled in the art, Ce in garnet is essentially or only in a trivalent state.

[0048] In the embodiments, the luminescent material (therefore) comprises A3B5O. 12 In a specific embodiment, up to 10% of the BO can be replaced by Si-N.

[0049] In a specific embodiment, the luminescent material includes Where x1 + x2 + x3 = 1, where x3 > 0, where , where y1+y2=1, where Wherein A' comprises one or more elements selected from the group consisting of lanthanides, and wherein B' comprises one or more elements selected from Ga, In, and Sc. In embodiments, x3 is selected from the range of 0.001-0.1. In particular, x1>0, such as >0.2, e.g., at least 0.8. Garnets having Y can provide a suitable spectral power distribution.

[0050] In a specific embodiment, up to 10% of B-O can be replaced by Si-N. Here, B in B-O refers to one or more of Al, Ga, In, and Sc (and O refers to oxygen); in a specific embodiment, B-O can refer to Al-O. As described above, in a specific embodiment, x3 can be selected from the range of 0.001 - 0.04. In particular, such a luminescent material can have a suitable spectral distribution (see below, however), have a relatively high efficiency, have a relatively high thermal stability, and allow a high CRI (in combination with the light source light and the second light source light (and the filter)). Thus, in a specific embodiment, A can be selected from the group consisting of Lu and Gd. Alternatively or additionally, B can include Ga. Thus, in an embodiment, the luminescent material comprises , where Lu and / or Gd are obtainable. Even more particularly, x3 is selected from the range of 0.001 - 0.1, where , and where . Further, in a specific embodiment, up to 1% of B-O can be replaced by Si-N. Here, the percentage refers to the number of moles (as known in the art); also see, for example, EP3149108. In yet another specific embodiment, the luminescent material comprises , where x1 + x3 = 1, and where , such as 0.001 - 0.1.

[0051] In a specific embodiment, the light-emitting device can only include a luminescent material selected from the cerium-containing garnet type. In a further specific embodiment, the light-emitting device includes a single type of luminescent material, such as . Thus, in a specific embodiment, the light-emitting device includes a luminescent material, where at least 85 wt%, even more particularly at least about 90 wt.%, such as even more particularly at least about 95 wt% of the luminescent material comprises . Where A' includes one or more elements selected from the group consisting of lanthanide elements, and where B' includes one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Ga, In, and Sc, where x1 + x2 + x3 = 1, where x3 > 0, where 0 < x2 + x3 < 0.2, where y1 + y2 = 1, where . In particular, x3 is selected from the range of 0.001 - 0.1. Note that in an embodiment x2 = 0. Alternatively or additionally, in an embodiment, y2 = 0.

[0052] In a specific embodiment, A can particularly include at least Y, and B can particularly include at least Al.

[0053] The garnet-type luminescent material can also be described by an alternative molecular formula . Here, A can include one or more of the following: (i) rare earth ions, such as selected from Y3＋ Lu 3＋ Gd 3＋ 、Tb 3＋ La 3＋ One or more of them, and (ii) divalent cations, such as Ca 2＋ Here, B may include one or more of the following: (i) trivalent cations, such as Al 3＋ Ga 3＋ ,Sc 3＋ Sb 3＋ and In 3＋ One or more of them, and (ii) divalent cations, such as Mg 2＋ and Mn 2＋ One or more of the following. Here, C may include one or more of the following: (i) trivalent cations, such as Ga 3＋ And Al 3＋ One or more of them, (ii) divalent cations, such as Mn 2＋ and (iii) tetravalent cations, such as Si 4＋ and Ge 4＋ One or more of these ions. Using these ions, the garnet crystal structure can be maintained. Other alternatives besides those mentioned are also possible.

[0054] Alternatively or additionally, the luminescent material may be, for example, and / or and / or The first luminescent material includes one or more of Ba, Sr, and Ca, particularly including at least Sr in the embodiments. In specific embodiments, the first luminescent material may include materials selected from... , and One or more materials in the group consisting of these compounds. In these compounds, europium (Eu) is essentially or only divalent and substitutes for one or more indicated divalent cations. Typically, Eu will not be present in an amount greater than 10% of the cation(s) it substitutes; its presence will be particularly in the range of about 0.5% to 10%, and more particularly in the range of about 0.5% to 5%, relative to the cation(s) it substitutes. The term ":Eu" indicates that a portion of the metal ion is substituted by Eu (in these examples, Eu is substituted for Eu). 2＋ (Alternative). For example, suppose The Eu content is 2%, and the correct molecular formula can be: Divalent europium often substitutes for divalent cations, such as the aforementioned divalent alkaline earth cations, especially Ca, Sr, or Ba. Materials It can also be indicated as MS:Eu, where M is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of barium (Ba), strontium (Sr), and calcium (Ca); in particular, M includes calcium or strontium, or calcium and strontium, more especially calcium, in the compound. Here, Eu is introduced and replaces at least a portion of M (i.e., one or more of Ba, Sr, and Ca). Further, the material It can also be indicated as M is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of barium (Ba), strontium (Sr), and calcium (Ca); in particular, M includes Sr and / or Ba in the compound. In another specific embodiment, M consists of Sr and / or Ba (without regard to the presence of Eu), particularly 50% to 100%, more particularly 50% to 90% Ba and 50% to 0%, particularly 50% to 10% Sr, such as... (i.e., 75% Ba; 25% Sr). Here, Eu is introduced and replaces at least a portion of M (i.e., one or more of Ba, Sr, and Ca). Similarly, the material... It can also be indicated as M is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of barium (Ba), strontium (Sr), and calcium (Ca); in particular, M includes calcium or strontium, or calcium and strontium, especially calcium. Here, Eu is introduced and substitutes for at least a portion of M (i.e., one or more of Ba, Sr, and Ca). As is known to those skilled in the art, Eu in the above-described luminescent material is substantially or only in a divalent state. Therefore, such nitride luminescent materials may also be or include converter elements, particularly Eu. 2＋ .

[0055] In particular, the luminescent material can be an inorganic luminescent material, such as one or more of the above-mentioned trivalent cerium or divalent europium, including oxides, oxynitrides or nitrides.

[0056] The luminescent material is configured to convert at least a portion of a first radiation (selected from one or more types of UV radiation and visible radiation) into luminescent material light. In particular, in embodiments, the luminescent material may be configured to convert at least a portion of blue light (as radiation) into luminescent material light. Especially when blue light is partially converted, the blue light can serve as a blue light source (for device light) and excitation light that can be converted by the luminescent material. The first radiation may, in particular, be provided by a (solid-state) light source, as further described below.

[0057] When different luminescent materials are applied, one or more luminescent materials can be configured to convert laser light into light from one or more of green and yellow luminescent materials, and one or more other luminescent materials can be configured to convert laser light into light from one or more of orange and red luminescent materials.

[0058] In a specific embodiment, the light emitter comprises a ceramic body, which includes a luminescent material. Alternatively, the light emitter comprises a single crystal. In yet another specific embodiment, different types of light emitters can be used. Thus, the body can be particularly selected from single crystals and ceramic bodies. The latter can be easier to manufacture than the former; however, they can have good optical and / or thermal properties. Therefore, in an embodiment, the body can be a ceramic body. However, in a specific embodiment, a combination of single crystals and ceramic bodies can also be used. In particular, the light emitter includes a ceramic light emitter. Therefore, in a specific embodiment, the light emitter is defined by a ceramic luminescent material. Therefore, in a specific embodiment, the luminescent material is a luminescent material that can provide a ceramic light emitter. Therefore, the light emitter can include a ceramic light emitter.

[0059] Many of the aforementioned luminescent materials, especially garnet materials, can be provided as ceramics (ceramic bodies or ceramic plates). This applies at least to the above. or having the aforementioned alternative (See also below).

[0060] Ceramic bodies are known in the art. In particular, ceramic materials can be obtained by sintering and / or hot pressing processes, optionally followed by annealing in a (slightly) oxidizing atmosphere. The term "ceramic" specifically refers to inorganic materials that can be obtained by sintering at a temperature of at least 500°C, especially at least 800°C, such as at least 1000°C, such as at least 1400°C, under reduced pressure, atmospheric pressure, or high pressure, such as at 10... -8 The pressure is up to 500 MPa, such as at least 0.5 MPa, such as at least 1 MPa, such as 1 to about 500 MPa, such as at least 5 MPa, or at least 10 MPa, especially under uniaxial or isostatic pressure, particularly under isostatic pressure, to heat (polycrystalline) powder to obtain ceramics. A specific method for obtaining ceramics is hot isostatic pressing (HIP), and the HIP process can be post-sintering HIP, capsule HIP, or a combination of sintering-HIP processes, as under the aforementioned temperature and pressure conditions. The ceramics obtained by this method can be used as such, or can be further processed (e.g., polishing). The ceramics have at least 90% (or higher, see below) of the theoretical density (i.e., the density of a single crystal), such as at least 95%, such as a density in the range of 97%-100%. The ceramics can still be polycrystalline, but have a reduced or strongly reduced volume between grains (pressed particles or pressed agglomerated particles). Heating under high pressure (such as HIP) can be carried out, for example, in an inert gas (such as one or more of N2 and argon (Ar)). Specifically, a sintering process is performed at a temperature selected from 1400-1900°C, such as 1500-1800°C, prior to heating under high pressure. This sintering can be carried out under reduced pressure, such as at 10...-2 At pressures of Pa or lower, this sintering may have resulted in at least 95% of the theoretical density, and more specifically, at least 99%. After pre-sintering and heating, especially under high pressures (such as HIP), the density of the transparent body can approach that of a single crystal. However, the difference lies in the fact that, since the transparent body is polycrystalline, grain boundaries can be obtained within it. These grain boundaries can be detected, for example, by optical microscopy or SEM. Therefore, in this paper, transparent body specifically refers to sintered polycrystalline material with a density substantially the same as that of a single crystal (of the same material). This body can therefore be highly transparent to visible light (except by light-absorbing materials such as Ce, especially Ce). 3＋ (absorption).

[0061] In an embodiment, the body has a lateral dimension of width or length (W or L) or diameter (D) and thickness or height (H). In an embodiment, (i) D ≥ H or (ii) and W ≥ H and / or L ≥ H. The luminescent tile can be transparent or light-scattering. In an embodiment, the tile can include a ceramic luminescent material. In a specific embodiment, L ≤ 10 mm, such as especially L ≤ 5 mm, more especially L ≤ 3 mm, and most especially L ≤ 2 mm. In a specific embodiment, W ≤ 10 mm, such as especially W ≤ 5 mm, more especially W ≤ 3 mm, and most especially W ≤ 2 mm. In a specific embodiment, H ≤ 10 mm, such as especially H ≤ 5 mm, more especially H ≤ 3 mm, and most especially H ≤ 2 mm. In a specific embodiment, D ≤ 10 mm, such as especially D ≤ 5 mm, more especially D ≤ 3 mm, and most especially D ≤ 2 mm. In a specific embodiment, the body can have a thickness in the range of 50 μm to 1 mm. Further, the body can have a lateral dimension (width / diameter) in the range of 100 μm to 10 mm. In yet another specific embodiment, (i) D>H or (ii) W>H and W>H. In particular, the lateral dimensions, such as length, width, and diameter, are at least twice, such as at least five times, larger than the height. The height of the light-emitting element is also indicated herein by H1.

[0062] Multiple light emitters may comprise a single body having a smaller size than the aforementioned main body. However, in embodiments, a general proportion of size may also be applied.

[0063] In specific embodiments, when multiple (smaller) light emitters are applied, the light emitters may have cross-sections selected from, for example, circles, triangles, squares, rectangles (but not squares), pentagons, hexagons, octagons, decagons, etc. Here, the cross-section specifically refers to the cross-section perpendicular to the height and / or parallel to the heat-conducting support. In particular, in embodiments, the height (H) is selected from the range of 30 μm to 10 mm. Even more specifically, the height may be selected from the range of 50 μm to 2 mm, such as especially 50 μm to 1 mm, such as 0.5 mm or less. When the light emitter has a length and width, as in the (non-square) rectangular embodiment, the length and width may have a ratio selected from the range of 1:5 to 5:1, such as 1:2 to 2:1. In embodiments, the body has a lateral dimension of width or length (W or L) or diameter (D) and thickness or height (H). In embodiments, (i) D ≥ H or (ii) and W ≥ H and / or L ≥ H. Within multiple bodies, two or more bodies may have substantially the same dimensions. Alternatively or additionally, within a plurality of bodies, two or more bodies may have different dimensions. In one embodiment, all bodies within the plurality of bodies have substantially the same dimensions. In other embodiments, there are n subsets within a plurality of bodies of the same dimensions, wherein each subset comprises a plurality of bodies of substantially the same dimensions, but wherein the bodies in different subsets have one or more dimensions that differ from each other. The number of subsets n can be selected from 2 to 8, such as the range of 2 to 4. However, in a particular embodiment, the plurality of element bodies have the same cross-sectional dimensions. The plurality of bodies may include at least 4 bodies, and more particularly at least 8 bodies. In an embodiment, the number of bodies may be selected from 8 to 900, such as the range of 8 to 400, although even more are possible. Thus, when two or more different types of element bodies are applied, in an embodiment, the total number of bodies can be as high as about 900, such as up to about 400.

[0064] For each of the emitting bodies (from a plurality of (smaller) emitting bodies), at least two of the n laser sources, together with the focusing optics, are configured to provide a spot of laser light on the respective emitting body in the operating mode.

[0065] As described above, specifically, n laser light sources and focusing optics are configured to provide a spot of laser light on the light source on the light emitter in operating mode. In an embodiment, such a spot (having an intensity of at least 10% of the maximum intensity) can, for example, have a diameter of about 0.25 mm. 2 Up to 25mm 2 The size, although other sizes are also possible. Relative to the total area of ​​the luminescent body, all the light spots together can illuminate at least 10% of the first surface area of ​​the luminescent body (see also above), such as a range selected from 10% to 100%.

[0066] In particular, there are k groups of light spots, and each group of light spots has m light spots with a separately selected number. This may mean that there may be different groups with different numbers of m light spots. In a specific embodiment, where k is at least 2, each group may include the same number of m light spots. In particular, two or more light spots within each group have partial overlap. Due to the partial overlap, on the one hand, there is better illumination of the entire area (the first surface) of the light emitter, but on the other hand, a pixelated light source can be provided. Further, in a specific embodiment, 2 ≤ m ≤ n. In addition, in a specific embodiment, 1 ≤ k < n, and even more particularly 2 ≤ k < n.

[0067] The light spot area (of each light spot) can be defined in different ways. The light spot can have a maximum intensity indicated by 100%, and this maximum intensity can be easily determined by methods known in the art, such as, for example, a CCD camera. However, at very low intensities, the boundary of the light spot may be somewhat difficult to determine. Therefore, at least the definition of the first light spot area is applied herein. The first light spot area is defined by 10% - 100% of the maximum intensity of the light spot. In this document, a second light spot area is also defined; however, for other purposes (see below).

[0068] As described above, there should be partial overlap in the embodiment. Therefore, in such an embodiment, there is no complete overlap, but there is also no zero overlap. To determine the overlap, the 10% - 100% definition (i.e., the first light spot area) is used for each light spot.

[0069] In particular, in the embodiment, there is partial overlap, where for at least one light spot among the light spots within at least one group of the k groups, it is applicable to overlap with at least another first light spot area within the group within the range of 5% - 80% of its first light spot area. Even more particularly, in the embodiment, for at least one light spot among the light spots within multiple k groups (i.e., k is at least 2), it is applicable to overlap with at least another first light spot area within the group within the range of 5% - 80% of its first light spot area. In yet another specific embodiment, for each light spot, it may be applicable that 5% - 80% of its first light spot area overlaps with at least another first light spot area.

[0070] In a specific embodiment, for at least one light spot among the light spots within at least one group of the k groups, it is applicable to overlap with at least another first light spot area within the group within the range of 20% - 70% of its first light spot area. Even more particularly, in the embodiment, for at least one light spot among the light spots within multiple k groups (i.e., k is at least 2), it is applicable to overlap with at least another first light spot area within the group within the range of 20% - 70% of its first light spot area. In yet another specific embodiment, for each light spot, it may be applicable that 20% - 70% of its first light spot area overlaps with at least another first light spot area.

[0071] More specifically, in an embodiment, for at least one spot in at least one of the groups of k, it is suitable to overlap with at least another first spot region in that group within a range of 30%-60% of its first spot region. More specifically, in an embodiment, for at least one spot in a plurality of groups of k (i.e., k is at least 2), it is suitable to overlap with at least another first spot region in that group within a range of 30%-60% of its first spot region. In yet another specific embodiment, for each spot, it may be suitable to overlap with at least another first spot region within a range of 30%-60% of its first spot region.

[0072] As mentioned above, there may not be complete overlap in the embodiments. This can be further illustrated by a second spot region. The second spot region is defined by 50%-100% of the maximum intensity of the spot. This is a smaller spot region because the entire area of ​​the second spot region has an intensity of at least 50% of the maximum intensity, while for the first spot region, the lower threshold is "only" 10%. The overlap of the second spot regions may not be too large in the embodiments, otherwise the pixelation may not be very sharp. Therefore, in a specific embodiment, for at least one spot in at least one of the groups of k, it is suitable to overlap with a second spot region in at least another group within a range of 0%-60% of its second spot region. In yet another specific embodiment, for at least one spot in a plurality of groups of k (i.e., k is at least 2), it is suitable to overlap with at least another second spot region in that group within a range of 0%-60% of its second spot region. Even more specifically, in the embodiments, for each spot, it may be suitable to overlap with at least another second spot region in that group within a range of 0%-60% of its second spot region.

[0073] More specifically, in a particular embodiment, for at least one spot in at least one of the groups k, it is applicable to overlap with at least another second spot region in that group within a range of 0%-30% of its second spot region. In yet another embodiment, for at least one spot in a plurality of groups k (i.e., k is at least 2), it is applicable to overlap with at least another second spot region in that group within a range of 0%-30% of its second spot region. Even more specifically, in an embodiment, for each spot, it may be applicable to overlap with at least another second spot region in that group within a range of 0%-30% of its second spot region.

[0074] More specifically, in a particular embodiment, for at least one spot in at least one of the groups k, it is applicable to overlap with at least another second spot region within that group within a range of 2%-20% of its second spot region. In yet another embodiment, for at least one spot in a plurality of groups k (i.e., k is at least 2), it is applicable to overlap with at least another second spot region within that group within a range of 2%-20% of its second spot region. More specifically, in an embodiment, for each spot, it may be applicable to overlap with at least another second spot region within that group within a range of 2%-20% of its second spot region.

[0075] The third spot region can be defined by 2%-100% of the maximum intensity of the spot. Specifically, in embodiments, there is partial overlap, wherein for at least one spot in at least one of the groups of k, the third spot region overlaps with at least another third spot region within that group within a range of 5%-80%. Even more specifically, in embodiments, for at least one spot in multiple groups of k (i.e., k is at least 2), the third spot region overlaps with at least another third spot region within that group within a range of 5%-80%. In yet another specific embodiment, for each spot, the third spot region may overlap with at least another third spot region within a range of 5%-80%.

[0076] Specifically, for a Gaussian power distribution of the light spot, in the embodiments, the overlap of the first region can be selected from a range of 5%-40% (e.g., up to about 35%). Further, in embodiments targeting a Gaussian power distribution of the light spot, the overlap of the second region can be selected from a range of 0%-5% (e.g., substantially 0%). Moreover, for a Gaussian power distribution of the light spot, in...

[0077] In an embodiment, the overlap of the third region may be selected from the range of 5% to 50% (such as up to about 40%).

[0078] However, in specific embodiments, there may be one or more light spots in the operating mode, whose first light spot regions substantially do not overlap with any other first light spot regions. Therefore, in specific embodiments, for at least one light spot, the first light spot region of at least one light spot is subject to the condition defined in claim 2, whereby the first light spot region of at least one light spot does not overlap with at least another first light spot region.

[0079] As described above, pixelated devices can be provided. This specifically means that during one or more operating modes of the light-emitting device, one or more pixels generate light. The term "pixel" and similar terms can specifically refer to a light spot (where light is generated by luminescent material). As mentioned above, in the operating mode, essentially all light spots can be visible, regardless of whether they overlap. Furthermore, as mentioned above, the maximum number of light spots is specifically the same as the number of (laser) light sources. Therefore, pixelation can also be viewed as projective pixelation.

[0080] Pixelation can be 1D pixelation (i.e., a 1D spot array). For example, it can provide a 1D array of multiple spots, or even more specifically, multiple sets of overlapping spots. A 1D array can include at least two pixels, or even more specifically, at least four pixels. Pixelation can also be 2D pixelation (i.e., a 2D spot array). For example, it can provide a 2D array of multiple spots, or even more specifically, multiple sets of overlapping spots. A 2D array can include at least four pixels, or even more specifically, at least eight pixels. Furthermore, in particular, each row and each column can each individually include at least two pixels.

[0081] 2D arrays can be basically square, rectangular, hexagonal, circular, elliptical, or other shapes. Therefore, the number of pixels in rows and columns can vary.

[0082] As described above, in this embodiment, the number of pixels can be n. In other embodiments, the number of pixels can be less than n. However, specifically, when all (laser) light sources are turned on, the minimum number of pixels is greater than 2 (such as equal to or greater than 4). As described above, in this embodiment, two or more of the n light spots can partially overlap. Thus, in a specific embodiment with a1 pixels, at least two pixels partially overlap, and even more specifically, at least four pixels overlap (e.g., in this embodiment, at least two groups of pixels, each with two partially overlapping pixels). In another embodiment, at least three groups of pixels, each with two or more partially overlapping pixels, are available.

[0083] In a specific embodiment, the (maximum) power of the (laser) light source is substantially the same (e.g., within + / - 10% of the average power). Alternatively or additionally, the (maximum) intensity of the light source on the phosphor in the respective pixel is substantially the same for all pixels (e.g., within + / - 10% of the average power).

[0084] Alternatively, in embodiments, the intensity of the light source on the phosphor in the corresponding pixel can be varied. For example, the power can be gradually decreased or increased on the light emitter. For example, a specific pattern can be provided. Applications can be selected, for example, from accent lighting, spotlighting, automotive lighting, shop lighting, shop window lighting, etc. This can be used, for example, for a specific desired intensity distribution, such as in headlights, or in lighting properties (such as mannequins in shop windows).

[0085] Note that there can be more than one operating mode (see also below).

[0086] In one embodiment, the light-emitting device may include a thermally conductive element, wherein the light-emitting body is configured to be in thermal contact with the thermally conductive element.

[0087] Therefore, the light emitter can be configured to come into thermal contact with a thermally conductive element (such as a thermally conductive support). Specifically, the support can be configured to support the light emitter. In embodiments, the thermally conductive element may include a body (such as a body of thermally conductive material).

[0088] As will be further explained below, in an embodiment, the body may be in physical contact with the thermally conductive support. Alternatively or additionally, in an embodiment, the light emitter may be in physical contact with a coating on the thermally conductive support. Similarly, in this manner, the light emitter may be configured to be in thermal contact with the thermally conductive support.

[0089] In one embodiment, the thermally conductive element may be a heat sink. In other embodiments, the thermally conductive element may be in thermal contact with the heat sink. Therefore, in a specific embodiment, the thermally conductive element includes a heat sink.

[0090] The thermally conductive material may have a thermal conductivity of at least about 20 W / m / K, such as at least about 30 W / m / K, such as at least about 100 W / m / K, such as at least about 200 W / m / K. In yet another embodiment, the thermally conductive material may have a thermal conductivity of at least about 10 W / m / K.

[0091] In embodiments, the thermally conductive material may include one or more of the following: copper, aluminum, silver, gold, silicon carbide, aluminum nitride, boron nitride, aluminum silicon carbide, beryllium oxide, silicon carbide composites, aluminum silicon carbide, copper-tungsten alloys, copper-molybdenum carbide, carbon, diamond, and graphite. Alternatively, or additionally, the thermally conductive material may include or be composed of aluminum oxide. However, in particular herein, the thermally conductive element includes a metallic material. For example, the metallic material may include one or more of copper, aluminum, silver, gold, and metal alloys. The metal alloy may include one or more of copper-tungsten alloys, aluminum alloys, titanium alloys, etc. The thermally conductive element may be a heat sink or may be in thermal contact with a heat sink.

[0092] Heat sinks are known in the art. The term "heat sink" (or heat exchanger) can in particular refer to a passive heat exchanger that transfers heat generated by a device (such as electronic or mechanical equipment) to a fluid (cooling) medium (typically air or a liquid coolant). Thus, heat is dissipated (at least partially) from the device. Heat sinks are particularly designed to maximize their surface area in contact with the fluid cooling medium surrounding them. Therefore, heat sinks can, in particular, include multiple fins. For example, a heat sink can be a body having multiple heat dissipation fins extending therefrom. Heat sinks particularly include thermally conductive materials (more specifically, composed of thermally conductive materials). The term "heat sink" can also refer to multiple (different) heat sinks.

[0093] If one element can exchange energy through a heating process, it can be considered to be in thermal contact with another element. Therefore, elements can be thermally coupled. In embodiments, thermal contact can be achieved through physical contact. In embodiments, thermal contact can be achieved via a thermally conductive material, such as thermally conductive adhesive (or thermally conductive glue). Thermal contact can also be achieved between two elements when they are arranged relative to each other at a distance equal to or less than about 10 μm, although larger distances (such as up to 100 μm) are possible. The shorter the distance, the better the thermal contact. In particular, the distance is 10 μm or less (such as 5 μm or less). The distance can be the distance between two corresponding surfaces of the respective elements. The distance can be an average distance. For example, two elements can be in physical contact at one or more (such as multiple) locations, but not in physical contact at one or more (especially multiple) other locations. This can be, for example, when one or both elements have rough surfaces. Therefore, in embodiments, the average distance between two elements can be 10 μm or less (although larger average distances are possible, such as up to 100 μm). In embodiments, the two surfaces of the two elements can be maintained at a distance from one or more distance maintainers.

[0094] The light emitter can be supported by a heat-conducting element. For this purpose, the heat-conducting element can include a cavity in which the element can be disposed. The fit between the cavity and the body can be a clearance fit with minimal clearance. Alternatively or additionally, the light emitter can be soldered to the heat-conducting element. For this purpose, the light emitter can be provided with a coating for promoting soldering and / or providing reflection. Such a coating can, for example, include one or more of Ag and Al. An advantage of such a layer is that it is reflective of light. Alternatively or additionally, a chromium-containing layer (such as a Cr metal layer) can be provided. In particular, this facilitates soldering. Optionally, such a coating can be multilayered, with another layer on top of the reflective layer that can particularly aid soldering. Such a layer can, for example, include chromium. Thus, in embodiments, one or more (especially multiple) light emitters are attached to the heat-conducting element via a coating (such as a multilayer). In a specific embodiment, the multilayer includes: a first layer comprising one or more of Al and Ag; a second layer comprising Cr; and a third layer serving as a solder layer. This stack can be sandwiched between the component body (such as, in particular, the first light-emitting element) and the heat-conducting element.

[0095] Therefore, in embodiments, one or more sides may be at least partially in thermal contact with the thermally conductive element, or even in physical contact. Alternatively or additionally, a layer may be provided on the thermally conductive element that contacts one or more sides. In particular, for substantially all sides, it may be suitable that at least a portion thereof does not physically contact the coating and / or another element body. Thus, in embodiments, each of a plurality of light emitters has one or more sides, wherein for one or more sides, and especially for multiple sides, such as substantially all sides, it is suitable that a portion thereof contacts the thermally conductive element or contacts a coating or reflective material thereon.

[0096] As described above, in the embodiments, the coating may have reflective properties for light from one or more light sources and light from luminescent materials. Furthermore, in the embodiments, the thermally conductive element may have reflective properties for light from one or more light sources and light from luminescent materials.

[0097] In one embodiment, one or more (laser) light sources are in thermal contact with a thermally conductive support. In a specific embodiment, one or more (laser) light sources are in physical contact with a thermally conductive support. In a specific embodiment, at least 25% (e.g., at least 50%) of all (laser) light sources are in physical contact with the thermally conductive support. This can further allow for a compact light-emitting device with effective thermal management.

[0098] In an embodiment, the focusing optics may be positioned slightly above the light-emitting body. This may mean that a portion of the light emanating from the light-emitting body may not leave the light-emitting device, or may not leave at the focusing optics or after transmission and / or reflection via the focusing optics. It may be desirable to minimize the presence of the optics in a line perpendicular to the light-emitting body. Thus, in an embodiment, the light-emitting body includes a first surface, wherein n laser sources are configured together with the focusing optics to provide a spot of laser light on the first surface in an operating mode; wherein n ≥ 4; wherein the n laser sources are configured to surround the first surface; wherein the first surface has a first area A1, wherein the focusing optics has a projection on the first surface parallel to the normal of the first surface, wherein the projection has a total area A2, wherein A2 / A1 ≤ 0.5, even more particularly A2 / A1 ≤ 0.3, and even more particularly A2 / A1 ≤ 0.2, such as A2 / A1 ≤ 0.05 in an embodiment. In a specific embodiment, A2 / A1 = 0. Therefore, in the embodiment, the optical axis of the (laser) light source has an angle α greater than 0° but less than 90° relative to the normal of the light source (especially its first surface), such as a range selected from 10° to 80°, such as especially 20° to 70°, such as a range selected from 55° to 65°.

[0099] In particular, the optical axis can be defined as an imaginary line that defines the path of light propagating through the system from the light-emitting element (here, especially the (laser) source).

[0100] The light-emitting device with optics also allows for embodiments in which (laser) light sources can be configured at different distances from the light-emitting body. This allows for even a larger number of (laser) light sources, and therefore allows for higher intensity light from the luminescent material, and / or this allows for further control over the positioning of the light spot on the first surface. Thus, in an embodiment, the light-emitting body includes a first surface in which n laser light sources are configured at lateral distances (d1) from the first surface, wherein two or more groups of laser light sources have different lateral distances (d1). For example, there can be 2-8 groups with 2-8 different lateral distances. In particular, there can be 2-4 groups with different lateral distances, such as only 2 groups. In other embodiments, the lateral distances can be substantially the same for all light sources.

[0101] Alternatively or additionally, the light-emitting device with optics also allows embodiments in which (laser) light sources can be configured at different heights relative to a first surface of the light-emitting body. This allows for even a greater number of (laser) light sources, and thus allows for higher intensity light from the luminescent material, and / or this allows for further control over the positioning of the light spot on the first surface. Thus, in an embodiment, the light-emitting body includes a first surface in which n laser light sources are configured at heights relative to the first surface, wherein two or more groups of laser light sources have different heights. For example, there can be 2-8 groups with 2-8 different heights. In particular, there can be 2-4 groups with different heights relative to the first surface, such as only 2 groups. In other embodiments, the height relative to the first surface can be substantially the same for all light sources.

[0102] Regardless of whether different (laser) light sources are positioned at different lateral distances from the light-emitting body and / or at different heights relative to the first surface of the light-emitting body, especially when different (laser) light sources are positioned at different lateral distances from the light-emitting body and / or at different heights relative to the first surface of the light-emitting body, the (laser) light from different (laser) light sources can have different angles α relative to the normal of the light-emitting body (especially its first surface). This allows for further control over the positioning of the light spot on the first surface. Therefore, in embodiments, two or more sets of (laser) light sources, together with (reflective) focusing optics, can generate (laser) light with different optical axis angles α relative to the normal of the first surface. For example, there can be 2-8 sets with 2-8 different optical axis angles α relative to the normal of the first surface. In particular, there can be 2-4 sets with different optical axis angles α relative to the normal of the first surface, such as only 2 sets. In other embodiments, the optical axis angle α relative to the normal of the first surface can be substantially the same for all light sources.

[0103] For further thermal management, lasers can be combined to generate partially overlapping light spots disposed around the light source at different lateral distances and / or different heights and / or different positions. Therefore, adjacent (laser) sources should not be necessary (although they may generate partially overlapping light spots in other embodiments, for example, oppositely arranged (laser) sources disposed on opposite sides of the first surface of the light source may generate partially overlapping light spots in an embodiment). Many different embodiments are possible. Thus, in a particular embodiment, especially where n≥4, a group or more adjacent laser sources have no (partially) overlapping light spots or have less light spot overlap compared to a group or more groups of non-adjacent n laser sources.

[0104] In a specific embodiment, the light-emitting device may further include a control system configured to control (n) (laser) light sources. Therefore, in embodiments, the light-emitting device may also include a control system or may be functionally coupled to a control system. The control system can control the light sources. Specifically, when two or more light sources are available, the control system can be applied to (individually) control two or more light sources.

[0105] The term "control" and similar terms specifically refer to at least determining the behavior of an element or monitoring the operation of an element. Therefore, "control" and similar terms as used herein can refer, for example, to applying behavior to an element (determining behavior or monitoring the operation of the element), such as measuring, displaying, actuating, opening, shifting, changing temperature, etc. In addition, the term "control" and similar terms can additionally include monitoring. Thus, the term "control" and similar terms can include applying behavior to an element and applying behavior to an element while monitoring the element. Control of the element can be accomplished using a control system, which can also be referred to as a "controller." The control system and the element can therefore be functionally coupled, at least temporarily or permanently. The element can include a control system. In embodiments, the control system and the element may not be physically coupled. Control can be accomplished via wired and / or wireless control. The term "control system" can also refer to multiple different control systems, which are functionally coupled, and where, for example, one control system can be a master control system, while one or more other control systems can be slave control systems. The control system can include a user interface or can be functionally coupled to a user interface.

[0106] The control system can also be configured to receive and execute commands from a remote control. In an embodiment, the control system can be controlled via an app on a device, such as a portable device, like a smartphone or iPhone, tablet, etc. Therefore, the device does not necessarily need to be coupled to the lighting system, but can be (temporarily) functionally coupled to the lighting system.

[0107] Therefore, in embodiments, the control system can also be configured to be controlled by an app on a remote device. In such embodiments, the control system of the lighting system can be controlled by a slave control system or in a slave mode. For example, the lighting system can be identified using a code, specifically a unique code for each lighting system. The control system of the lighting system can be configured to be controlled by an external control system that accesses the lighting system based on knowledge of the (unique) code (entered through a user interface with optical sensors, such as a QR code reader). The lighting system may also include devices for communicating with other systems or devices, such as those based on Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, LiFi, ZigBee, BLE, or WiMAX, or other wireless technologies.

[0108] A system, apparatus, or device may perform actions in a “mode,” “operational mode,” or “mode of operation.” Similarly, in a method, actions, stages, or steps may be performed in a “mode,” “operational mode,” “mode of operation,” or “operational mode.” The term “mode” may also be indicated as “control mode.” This does not preclude the system, apparatus, or device from being suitable for providing another control mode or multiple other control modes. Similarly, this does not preclude the possibility of performing one or more other modes before and / or after performing a particular mode.

[0109] However, in embodiments, the control system may be available and is adapted to provide at least a control mode. If other modes are available, the selection of such modes can be performed, in particular, via a user interface, although other options (such as performing modes based on sensor signals or (time) schemes) are also possible. In embodiments, an operating mode may also refer to a system, device, or apparatus that can operate in only a single operating mode (i.e., “on”, without further tunability).

[0110] Therefore, in this embodiment, the control system can be controlled based on one or more of the following: input signals from the user interface, sensor signals (from the sensors), and timers. The term "timer" can refer to a clock and / or a predetermined timing scheme.

[0111] In a specific embodiment, the light-emitting device is configured to generate device light comprising light from a luminescent material and unconverted laser light. For example, in a reflection mode, a portion of the (laser) light can be reflected at the light source and propagate away from the light source along with the light from the luminescent material. Similarly, in a transmission mode, a portion of the (laser) light can be transmitted and propagate away from the light source along with the light from the luminescent material.

[0112] In a specific embodiment, in the operating mode, the light-emitting device is configured to generate white device light having a CRI of at least 80, more particularly at least 85. Further, in a specific embodiment, the unconverted laser source light includes blue light (and the converted light may be yellow light).

[0113] Therefore, in embodiments, the white device light has a color rendering index (CRI) of at least 80, such as at least 85, or as at least 90. Further, in embodiments, the white device light may have a correlated color temperature (CCT) selected from the range of 1800-8000K, such as 2000-6500K, or for example, selected from the range of 2700-3000K.

[0114] The term "white light" as used herein is known to those skilled in the art. It particularly refers to light having a correlated color temperature (CCT) between approximately 1800K and 20000K, for example, between 2000K and 20000K, especially between 2700-20000K, for general illumination, particularly in the range of approximately 2700K to 6500K. In embodiments, for backlighting purposes, the correlated color temperature (CCT) may particularly be in the range of approximately 7000K to 20000K. Furthermore, in embodiments, the correlated color temperature (CCT) is particularly within approximately 15 SDCM (standard deviation of color matching) from the blackbody track (BBL), particularly within approximately 10 SDCM from the BBL, and even more particularly within approximately 5 SDCM from the BBL.

[0115] In particular, in this embodiment, the light source includes a laser light source.

[0116] In an embodiment, the luminous equivalent of the white device light (emitted from the emitting element) can be selected from the range of 290-370 lm / W (such as 300-360 lm / W). In an embodiment, the emitting device is configured to provide luminous light having a power emitted from the radiating exit surface of the emitting element having a power of 4 W / mm². 2 Especially at least 7W / mm 2 More importantly, at least 9W / mm 2 Even more so, at least 13W / mm 2 The power density is [missing information]. Therefore, in an embodiment of the operating mode of the light-emitting device, the light-emitting device is configured to operate at a power density of at least 4 W / mm². 2 The power density generates luminescent material light from the radiating surface (or radiating exit surface) of the light-emitting converter. In another specific embodiment, the lighting device can be configured to provide luminescent light combined with blue and / or red laser light, which exits from the same surface as the luminescent light providing white light, which has a power density of at least 2000 lm / mm². 2 More specifically, at least 3000 lm / mm 2 Even more specifically, at least 6000 lm / mm 2 The brightness. In this article, "lm" refers to lumens.

[0117] In another aspect, the present invention also provides a lamp or luminaire including a light-emitting device as defined herein. The luminaire may further include a housing, a plurality of optical elements, a plurality of light-shielding grids, etc. In yet another aspect, the present invention also provides a projection device including a light-emitting device as defined herein. In particular, a projection device, or "projector" or "image projector," can be an optical device that projects an image (or moving image) onto a surface such as, for example, a projection screen. The projection device may include one or more light-emitting devices as described herein.

[0118] Lighting equipment may be part of or used in, for example, the following: office lighting systems, home application systems, shop lighting systems, residential lighting systems, accent lighting systems, spotlighting systems, theater lighting systems, fiber optic application systems, projection systems, self-illuminating display systems, pixelated display systems, segmented display systems, warning sign systems, medical lighting application systems, indicator sign systems, decorative lighting systems, portable systems, automotive applications, (outdoor) road lighting systems, urban lighting systems, greenhouse lighting systems, horticultural lighting, digital projection or LCD backlighting.

[0119] As described above, the illumination unit can be used as a backlight unit in an LCD display device. Therefore, the present invention also provides an LCD display device including an illumination unit configured as a backlight unit as defined herein. In another aspect, the present invention also provides a liquid crystal display device including a backlight unit, wherein the backlight unit includes one or more illumination devices as defined herein. Attached Figure Description

[0120] Embodiments of the invention will now be described by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying schematic diagrams, wherein corresponding reference numerals indicate corresponding parts, and in the accompanying schematic diagrams:

[0121] Figures 1a-1b schematically depict some aspects;

[0122] Figures 2a-2d schematically depict examples and some embodiments;

[0123] Figures 3a-3b schematically depict some other aspects; and

[0124] Figure 4 An example of the application is illustrated schematically.

[0125] The diagram does not need to be drawn to scale. Detailed Implementation

[0126] Figure 1a schematically depicts multiple arrangements of (laser) beams. Beam 300 defines a region with intensity decreasing from 100% to 0% within a circle. From the inside out, a first ring, indicated by 50%, defines a region of at least 50% of the maximum intensity of 100%. A second ring, indicated by 10%, defines a region of at least 10% of the maximum intensity of 100%. Thus, the latter region completely encompasses the former region. The 10% ring region is designated as the first beam region 310, and the 50% ring region is designated as the second beam region 320. Therefore, the first beam region 310 is defined by 10%–100% of the maximum intensity of beam 300, and the second beam region 320 is defined by 50%–100% of the maximum intensity of beam 300.

[0127] Figure 1b schematically depicts four examples. In Example I, the light spots 300 do not overlap. The spatial difference between the maximum values ​​of the light spots 300 is denoted by d2. In Example II, the second light spot region 320 does not overlap, but the first light spot region 310 has some overlap, denoted by O. 310 Instructions. Here, d2 is reduced relative to Example I. In the third example III, O is used. 310 The overlap of the indicated first spot region 310 is greater than the overlap in the second example II. Here, d2 is reduced relative to example II. In the fourth example IV, the overlap of the first spot region 310 is even greater than the overlap in example III, and now there is also overlap between the second spot regions 320, indicated by O. 320 This is not the case in the previous embodiments I-III. Here, d2 is further reduced relative to embodiment III.

[0128] As indicated above and further described below, in embodiments, for at least one of the spot 300, it may be appropriate to overlap with at least another first spot region 310 within a range of 5%-80% of its first spot region 310. Specifically, the overlap is not too large to maintain pixelation. Therefore, in specific embodiments, for one or more spots 300, it may be appropriate to overlap with at least another second spot region 320 within a range of 0%-60% (such as up to 20%) of its second spot region 320. Therefore, more overlap than in Example IV may not be desired in embodiments.

[0129] Figure 1b schematically depicts an example of the spot of laser 11 or the focused laser beam 21 (on the first surface of the light source) on an intensity scale along the length axis. Three examples are schematically depicted, where example I has small overlap and example III has relatively large overlap, even 50% or more of the intensity area, resulting in a relatively small d2 value.

[0130] Figure 2a schematically depicts an example of a light-emitting device 1000 comprising n laser light sources 10, focusing optics 20, and light emitters 200.

[0131] n laser sources 10 are configured to generate laser light 11. Focusing optics 20 (here, reflective focusing optics) are configured to focus the laser light 11 into a focused beam 21 of laser light 11. In particular, n ≥ 2; n = 2 sources are schematically depicted here by way of example.

[0132] The light emitter 200 includes a light-emitting material 210. The light emitter 200 is configured to receive light from n laser light sources 10. The light-emitting material 210 is configured to convert at least a portion of the laser light 11 (e.g., blue light) into light-emitting material light 211 (e.g., yellow light).

[0133] n laser sources 10 and focusing optics 20 are configured to provide a spot 300 of laser light 11 on the emitter 200 in operating mode. Here, in this schematic diagram, individual spots are indistinguishable; however, see above or below. In embodiments, the spots have partial overlap. In particular, at least one of the spots 300 is adapted to overlap with at least one other first spot region 310 within a range of 5%-80% of its first spot region 310 (see also above).

[0134] In this example, the focusing optics 20 includes a reflective focusing optics 20. The reflective focusing optics 20 is specifically configured to reflect and focus the laser source light 11 into a focused beam 21 of the laser source light 11. In particular, in embodiments, the focusing optics 20 is selected from parabolic mirrors and ellipsoidal mirrors.

[0135] In an embodiment, the laser source 10 can be configured to generate laser light 11 with substantially the same color point.

[0136] The light source 10 and the optical device 20 provide a light spot 300 on the first surface 201 of the light source 200.

[0137] The dashed line perpendicular to the first surface 201 is referred to as the optical axis O of the device 1000 and / or the normal 202 of the first surface 201.

[0138] In this illustrative embodiment, the light-emitting device 1000 includes n illumination units 100. Each of the n illumination units 100 includes a laser source 10 and a focusing optics 20, wherein the laser source 10 is configured to generate laser light 11, and the focusing optics 20 is configured to focus the laser light 11 into a focused beam 21. Here, the laser source 10 and the optics 20 are not physically coupled directly or via one or more intermediate elements. However, this may be the case. This could provide, for example, alternative illumination units 100.

[0139] n laser sources 10 are positioned at a lateral distance d1 from the first surface 201. Here, the lateral distance d1 is substantially the same.

[0140] In one embodiment, the light emitter 200 includes a ceramic body, and the ceramic body includes a light-emitting material 210. In other specific embodiments, the light-emitting material 210 includes materials of type A3B5O. 12 The luminescent material is Ce, wherein A includes one or more of Y, La, Gd, Tb and Lu, and wherein B includes one or more of Al, Ga, In and Sc.

[0141] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the light-emitting device 1000 may include a heat-conducting element 400. The light-emitting body 200 is configured to be in thermal contact with the heat-conducting element 400. Here, the thermal contact is achieved through physical contact.

[0142] Specifically, the light-emitting device 1000 is configured to generate device light 1001, which includes light-emitting material light 211 and optional unconverted laser light 11. In a specific embodiment, in an operating mode, the light-emitting device 1000 is configured to generate white device light 1001 having a CRI of at least 80, such as at least 85. In such an embodiment, the unconverted laser light 11 may include, for example, blue light. Here, the term "unconverted laser light 11" may specifically refer to laser light 11 that is reflected and / or transmitted at the light source.

[0143] In addition, other light sources can be used, whose light can bypass the luminescent material.

[0144] In order to perform beam shaping on the device light 1001, optical elements 20 (such as lenses and / or collimators) can be applied.

[0145] In an embodiment, the light-emitting device 1000 may further include a control system 1003 configured to control the laser light source 10. In this way, the intensity of the device light can be controlled. When the light source has different color points of the source light and / or when different parts of the light-emitting body provide different types of luminescent material light and / or when different types of luminescent materials are combined with different types of light sources, then the spectral power distribution can also be controlled.

[0146] Referring to FIG. 2b, which schematically depicts an embodiment of the device 1000, where n = 8. Note that in this embodiment, the optical device 20 is configured to be annular. In the schematically depicted embodiment, the lateral distances (not shown) may be approximately the same, or even substantially the same. Further, the height of the light source 10 relative to the first surface 201 may be the same (e.g., also see FIG. 2a), but may alternatively be different (not shown in FIG. 2b).

[0147] Here, each of the k groups of light spots 300 has a separately selected number of m light spots 300, where two or more light spots 300 within each group have partial overlap. In an embodiment, n2 ≤ m ≤ n and 1 ≤ k < n. Referring to FIGS. 1a and 1b, the first light spot region 310 is defined by 10% - 100% of the maximum intensity of the light spots 300, where during the operating mode, for at least one light spot among the light spots 300 within at least one of the k groups, it is applicable to overlap with at least another first light spot region 310 within the same group within the range of 5% - 80% of its first light spot region 310.

[0148] Although not shown in this schematic diagram, in an embodiment, for at least one light spot among the light spots 300, its first light spot region 310 as defined in claim 2 is not overlapped with at least another first light spot region 310.

[0149] Thus, FIG. 2b schematically depicts an embodiment in which a plurality of light-emitting bodies 200 include a first surface 201, where n laser light sources 10 and the focusing optical device 20 are configured to provide light spots 300 of the laser light source light 11 on the first surface 201 in the operating mode, where n ≥ 4, and where the n laser light sources 10 are configured to surround the first surface 201.

[0150] Figure 2c schematically depicts a top view of one embodiment of the device 1000. Further, a light-emitting element 200, which actually comprises a plurality of light-emitting elements, is also schematically depicted here. Thus, a schematic embodiment is described in which the light-emitting device 1000 includes a plurality of light-emitting elements 200. Here, an embodiment is schematically depicted in which, for each light-emitting element 200, at least two of the n laser light sources 10 are configured together with a focusing optics 20 to provide a spot 300 of laser light 11 on the respective light-emitting element 20 in an operating mode.

[0151] In this embodiment, the two (or more) laser light sources 10 have different lateral distances d1. Note that the heights can also be different (not shown in the schematic diagram).

[0152] For example, using the embodiment schematically depicted in FIG. 2c (but also, for example, in FIG. 2b), one or more groups of adjacent laser light sources 10 may be selected that have no overlapping spots 300 or have less overlap of spots 300 compared to one or more groups of non-adjacent n laser light sources 10. However, many other embodiments are also possible. Furthermore, it is not excluded to select one or more groups of adjacent laser light sources 10 that have overlapping spots 300 (see also FIG. 2d).

[0153] In Figure 2c, the light spots 300 are depicted as non-overlapping. However, in the embodiments, they may partially overlap.

[0154] Figure 2c indicates twice the lateral distance d1. These lateral distances d1 are exemplary distances relative to the light source 10 in the lower left corner, where the light source on the left is at a larger distance d1, while the light source 10 on the right has a practically zero lateral distance d1 relative to the light emitter 200.

[0155] In the embodiment schematically depicted in Figure 2c, there are two sets of lateral distances d1.

[0156] Figure 2d schematically depicts an embodiment of a light-emitting device 1000 or a portion thereof, wherein one or more groups of adjacent laser light sources 10 do not have overlapping light spots 300, or have less overlap of light spots 300 compared to one or more groups of non-adjacent n laser light sources 10.

[0157] Figure 3a schematically depicts the use of the lens as a focusing optics device 20.

[0158] Figure 3b schematically depicts one embodiment in which the laser source light 11 is pre-collimated. This embodiment is not limited to the one depicted in Figure 3b, but can be applied to other embodiments.

[0159] Furthermore, Figure 3b schematically depicts an embodiment in which a focusing optics 20 is configured downstream of two (or more) (laser) light sources 10. As schematically depicted, the (laser) light sources are configured at different lateral distances from the first surface 201 and also at different heights. Note that both are options that can be selected independently, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

[0160] Furthermore, as an example, a focusing optics is shown partially disposed on the light emitter 200, more specifically on its first surface. The first surface 201 has a first area A1, wherein a normal 202 is parallel to the first surface 201, and the focusing optics 20 has a projection 25 on the first surface 201, wherein the projection 25 has a total area A2, and A2 / A1 ≤ 0.2.

[0161] Referring to Figures 3b and 2b, a series of at least four focusing optics (eight reflective focusing optics in Figure 2b) can be configured to surround the light emitter 200, but at a certain distance from the light emitter (i.e., above the light emitter), optionally with a certain lateral displacement relative to the light emitter. In this way, A2 / A1 can be minimized.

[0162] Figure 4 An embodiment of a luminaire 2 including the light-emitting device 1000 as described above is schematically depicted. Reference numeral 301 indicates a user interface that can be functionally coupled to a control system 1003, which is included in or functionally coupled to the lighting system 1000. Figure 4 An embodiment of a lamp 1 including a light-emitting device 1000 is also schematically depicted. Reference numeral 3 indicates a projector device or projector system that can be used for purposes such as projecting images onto a wall.

[0163] The term "multiple" refers to two or more.

[0164] The terms “substantially” or “basically” and similar terms used herein will be understood by those skilled in the art. The term “substantially” or “basically” may also include embodiments with terms such as “entirely,” “completely,” “completely,” etc. Therefore, in embodiments, the adjective “substantially” or “basically” may also be removed. Where applicable, the term “substantially” or “basically” may also refer to 90% or higher, such as 95% or higher, especially 99% or higher, even more especially 99.5% or higher, including 100%.

[0165] The term "comprising" also includes embodiments that "comprise" or "formulate".

[0166] The term “and / or” specifically refers to one or more items mentioned before and after “and / or”. For example, the phrase “item 1 and / or item 2” and similar phrases may refer to one or more of items 1 and 2. The term “comprising” in one embodiment may mean “constituting”, but in another embodiment it may also mean “containing at least the defined substance and optionally one or more other substances.”

[0167] Furthermore, the terms first, second, third, etc., used in the specification and claims are used to distinguish similar elements and are not necessarily used to describe sequences or chronological order. It should be understood that such terms are interchangeable where appropriate, and the embodiments of the invention described herein can operate in sequences other than those described or illustrated herein.

[0168] The equipment, apparatus, or system described herein may, among other things, be used during operation. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the invention is not limited to the method of operation, or the equipment, apparatus, or system in operation.

[0169] It should be noted that the above embodiments are illustrative and not limiting of the invention, and those skilled in the art will be able to devise many alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the appended claims.

[0170] In the claims, any reference numerals placed in parentheses should not be construed as limiting the claims.

[0171] The use of the verb "to include" and its variations does not exclude the presence of elements or steps other than those described in the claims. Unless the context clearly requires otherwise, throughout the specification and claims, the words "comprising," "including," etc., should be interpreted in a inclusive sense, the opposite of exclusive or exhaustive; that is, in the sense of "including but not limited to."

[0172] The article "a" or "one" preceding an element does not preclude the existence of multiple such elements.

[0173] This invention can be implemented with hardware comprising several different elements and with a suitably programmed computer. In an apparatus claim, device claim, or system claim that enumerates several components, several of these components can be implemented by the same hardware. The mere fact that certain measures are recited in mutually different dependent claims does not imply that combinations of these measures cannot be advantageously used.

[0174] The present invention also provides a control system that can control a device, apparatus, or system, or perform the methods or processes described herein. Furthermore, the present invention provides a computer program product that, when run on a computer functionally coupled to or included in a device, apparatus, or system, controls one or more controllable elements of such device, apparatus, or system.

[0175] The present invention is also applicable to devices, apparatuses, or systems that include one or more of the characterizing features described in the specification and / or shown in the drawings. The present invention also relates to methods or processes that include one or more of the characterizing features described in the specification and / or shown in the drawings.

[0176] The various aspects discussed in this patent can be combined to provide additional advantages. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments can be combined, and two or more embodiments can be combined. In addition, some features can form the basis of one or more divisional applications.

Claims

1. A light-emitting device (1000) comprising (i) n laser light sources (10), (ii) focusing optics (20), and (iii) a plurality of light-emitting bodies (200), wherein: The n laser light sources (10) are configured to generate laser source light (11); wherein the focusing optics (20) are configured to focus the laser source light (11) into a focused beam (21) of the laser source light (11); wherein n≥4; The light-emitting body (200) comprises a light-emitting material (210), wherein the light-emitting body (200) is configured to be in an optical receiving relationship with the n laser light sources (10), and wherein the light-emitting material (210) is configured to convert at least a part of the laser source light (11) into light-emitting material light (211); The n laser light sources (10) and the focusing optics (20) are configured to provide a spot (300) of the laser source light (11) on the plurality of light-emitting bodies (200) in an operating mode; wherein k groups of spots (300) each have a separately selected number m of spots (300), wherein two or more of the spots (300) within each group have partial overlap, wherein 2≤m≤n and 1≤k<n; and wherein a first spot region (310) is defined by 10%-100% of the maximum intensity of the spots (300), and wherein for at least one of the spots (300) within at least one of the k groups, it is applicable to overlap with at least another first spot region (310) within the group within a range of 5%-80% of the first spot region (310) of the at least one spot (300); wherein for each of the light-emitting bodies (200), at least two of the n laser light sources (10) together with the focusing optics (20) are configured to provide a spot (300) of the laser source light (11) on the respective light-emitting body (200) in the operating mode.

2. The light-emitting device (1000) according to claim 1, wherein the focusing optics (20) comprise reflective focusing optics (20).

3. The light-emitting device (1000) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the focusing optics (20) are selected from the group consisting of a parabolic mirror and an ellipsoidal mirror.

4. The light-emitting device (1000) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the second light spot region (320) is defined by 50%-100% of the maximum intensity of the light spot (300), wherein for at least one light spot (300) in at least one of the light spots (300) in the k groups, it is suitable to (a) overlap with at least another second light spot region (320) in the group within a range of 0%-60% of the second light spot region (320) of the at least one light spot (300), and overlap with the at least another first light spot region (310) within a range of 10%-80% of the first light spot region (310) of the at least one light spot (300).

5. The light-emitting device (1000) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein for at least one of the light spots (300), it is applicable that: the first light spot region (310) of the at least one light spot (300) as defined in claim 1 does not overlap with at least another first light spot region (310).

6. The light-emitting device (1000) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the laser light source (10) is configured to generate laser light source light (11) having the same color point; and wherein n≥4.

7. The light-emitting device (1000) according to claim 1 or 2, comprising n lighting units (100), wherein each of the n lighting units (100) comprises: (i) the laser source (10) and (ii) the focusing optics (20), the laser source (10) being configured to generate the laser light (11) and the focusing optics (20) being configured to focus the laser light (11) into a focused beam (21) of the laser light (11).

8. The light-emitting device (1000) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein at least one of the light-emitting elements (200) comprises a ceramic body, the ceramic body comprising the light-emitting material (210); wherein the light-emitting device (1000) comprises a thermally conductive element (400), wherein the light-emitting element (200) is configured to be in thermal contact with the thermally conductive element (400); and wherein the light-emitting material (210) comprises a material of type A3B5O. 12 Ce luminescent material, wherein A includes one or more of Y, La, Gd, Tb and Lu, and wherein B includes one or more of Al, Ga, In and Sc.

9. The light-emitting device (1000) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the light-emitting body (200) has a cross-section selected from a circle, triangle, square, rectangle, pentagon, hexagon, octagon or decagon.

10. The light-emitting device (1000) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein at least one of the light-emitting bodies (200) comprises a first surface (201), wherein the n laser light sources (10) together with the focusing optics (20) are configured to provide a spot (300) of the laser light source (11) on the first surface (201) in the operating mode; wherein n≥4; wherein the n laser light sources (10) are configured to surround the first surface (201); wherein the first surface (201) has a first area A1, wherein a normal (202) parallel to the first surface (201) is provided, and the focusing optics (20) has a projection (25) on the first surface (201), wherein the projection (25) has a total area A2, wherein A2 / A1≤0.

2.

11. The light-emitting device (1000) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein at least one of the light-emitting bodies (200) comprises a first surface (201), wherein the n laser light sources (10) are configured at a lateral distance (d1) from the first surface (201), wherein two or more groups of laser light sources (10) have different lateral distances (d1).

12. The light-emitting device (1000) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein n ≥ 4, wherein compared with one or more groups of non-adjacent n laser light sources (10), one or more groups of adjacent laser light sources (10) do not have overlapping light spots (300) or have fewer overlapping light spots (300).

13. The light-emitting device (1000) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the light-emitting device (1000) is configured to generate device light (1001) comprising light from a light-emitting material (211) and unconverted laser light (11).

14. The light-emitting device (1000) according to claim 1 or 2 further includes a control system (1003) configured to control the laser light source (10).

15. A lamp (1) or lamp fixture (2) or projector device (3) comprising a light-emitting device (1000) according to any one of the preceding claims.

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