A method for cultivating shrimp fry with high survival rate

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for cultivating shrimp fry with a high survival rate. The invention starts with key technical means such as water quality, water temperature control at different stages, and feed preparation, strictly controls the shrimp fry cultivation stage, creates a good environment for the growth of shrimp bodies, ensures the survival rate, promotes the metamorphosis of larvae, shortens the emergence time, and creates greater economic profits for farmers. The method is simple to operate, does not require the use of special equipment, and is easy to be industrialized and promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of shrimp breeding, and in particular to a method for cultivating shrimp fry with a high survival rate. Background Art

[0002] Shrimp is a general term for the genus Penaeus of the family Penaeidae of the order Decapoda of Crustacea. It is mainly distributed in tropical and subtropical shallow seas and is one of my country's specialties. Litopenaeus vannamei is a shrimp species with a large output and economic value, and is the main target of shrimp farming in my country. One of the factors restricting the development of the shrimp farming industry is the survival rate of seedlings. The survival rate of the current industrialized seedling method is about 60%-70%. Under the current situation of seedling degradation, the survival rate shows a downward trend. Therefore, proposing a method to effectively improve the survival rate of shrimp seedlings is of great significance to the development of the shrimp farming industry.

[0003] Shrimp are metamorphic organisms that undergo multiple metamorphosis and multiple developmental stages throughout their lives. Each stage has its own unique lifestyle and special needs. In the larval stage, after multiple metamorphosis, they mainly go through stages such as nauplii, zoea, mysid larvae, and juvenile shrimp. The morphology of the larvae in each period has obvious changes, and they are all affected by different hormone levels in their bodies. At present, there are few studies on how to promote the metamorphosis of prawn larvae and increase the metamorphosis rate. Wang Qingchi et al. irradiated Japanese shrimp larvae and black tiger shrimp nauplii with ultrasound of a certain frequency and intensity to explore the effect of ultrasound on the development and metamorphosis of prawn nauplii. The results showed that ultrasonic irradiation had a significant effect on the metamorphosis of black tiger shrimp nauplii. This method requires the use of corresponding ultrasonic equipment to be implemented, which is difficult to operate and difficult to apply industrially. It is also impossible to predict whether it will affect the survival rate and quality of shrimp seedlings. Yang Zhangwu et al. studied the effects of water temperature on the growth, metamorphosis and survival rate of Penaeus vannamei larvae. The results showed that suitable temperature can promote the metamorphosis of larvae to a certain extent, but its effect is limited and the average survival rate of shrimp fry is low. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for cultivating shrimp fry with a high survival rate. The method of the present invention can not only make the shrimp fry survival rate higher, but also promote the metamorphosis of shrimp larvae and improve the metamorphosis rate.

[0005] To achieve the purpose of the present invention, the present invention proposes the following technical solutions:

[0006] A method for cultivating shrimp fry with high survival rate, comprising:

[0007] Water for seedling cultivation: control salinity at 28-30‰ and pH at 8.0-8.5;

[0008] Activation of water for seedling cultivation: Use Bacillus subtilis to activate water;

[0009] Water temperature: When shrimp nauplii enter the nursery pond, the water temperature is 28-29℃, then the water temperature rises to 30-31℃. On the 5th-10th day of nursery, the water temperature is reduced to 28-29℃, and after 10 days of nursery, the water temperature is maintained at 27-28℃. Shrimp are temperature-changing animals, and changes in water temperature directly affect the metabolic level and physiological regulation mechanism of the shrimp body. Therefore, strict control of the water environment such as the nursery water temperature is the basis for ensuring high survival rate and promoting metamorphosis.

[0010] Feed: On the 1st and 2nd day of seedling cultivation, feed Chaetoceros muelleri; on the 3rd to 5th day of seedling cultivation, feed Chaetoceros muelleri, Skeletonium and the first micro-granular feed; on the 6th to 10th day of seedling cultivation, feed the second micro-granular feed, shrimp flakes and rotifers; after 10 days of seedling cultivation, feed the second micro-granular feed, shrimp flakes and Artemia nauplii;

[0011] The first micro-particle bait comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of fish meal, 12-15 parts of puffed soybean powder, 7-10 parts of fish oil, 3-5 parts of red worm powder, 2-3 parts of brewer's yeast powder, 5-8 parts of Moringa oleifera branch and leaf fermentation powder or Moringa oleifera branch and leaf crushed material, 0.5-1 parts of earthworm powder, 0.01-0.03 parts of lysine, and 0.01-0.03 parts of tryptophan;

[0012] The second micro-granular bait comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of fish meal, 5-10 parts of artemia powder, 5-8 parts of crab roe powder, 7-10 parts of puffed soybean powder, 5-7 parts of fish oil, 2-5 parts of brewer's yeast powder, 3-8 parts of red onion fermentation powder or red onion crushed material, 0.5-1 parts of earthworm powder, 0.01-0.02 parts of tryptophan, and 0.01-0.02 parts of vitamin B2.

[0013] The invention selects a bait formula suitable for the metamorphosis requirements of shrimp larvae at various stages on the basis of strictly controlling water environment such as water temperature, which can not only improve the survival rate but also promote the metamorphosis.

[0014] As a preferred solution: on the 1st to 2nd day of seedling cultivation, feed Chaetoceros muelleri to maintain the algae density in the water at 500-700 cells / ml; on the 3rd to 5th day of seedling cultivation, feed Chaetoceros muelleri, Skeleton algae and the first micro-particle bait to maintain the Chaetoceros muelleri density in the water at 500-600 cells / ml, maintain the Skeleton algae density in the water at 100-120 cells / ml, and feed the first micro-particle bait daily at a rate of 7 to 10 g / m 3On the 6th to 10th day of seedling raising, feed the second micro-particle bait, shrimp flakes and rotifers. The rotifer feeding amount is 10-20ind / d, and the second micro-particle bait daily feeding amount is 15-20g / m 3 The daily feeding amount of shrimp flakes is 2-5g / m 3 After 10 days of seedling raising, feed the second micro-granular bait, shrimp flakes and Artemia nauplii. The feeding amount of Artemia nauplii is 20-30ind / d, and the daily feeding amount of the second micro-granular bait is 8-12g / m 3 The daily feeding amount of shrimp flakes is 4-9g / m 3 .

[0015] As a preferred scheme: the Moringa branch and leaf fermentation powder is prepared by the following method: crushing the Moringa branch and leaves to obtain the Moringa branch and leaf crushed material; mixing Bacillus subtilis and the Moringa branch and leaf crushed material in a mass ratio of 1:10-20, adding water to adjust the moisture content to 50±5%, and aerobically solid fermenting at 37±2°C for 48-72h, turning the material every 24h, drying the fermentation product, and sieving to obtain the fermentation powder.

[0016] As a preferred solution, the red onion baking powder is prepared by the following method: crushing red onion to obtain crushed red onion; preparing Bacillus amyloliquefaciens with a bacterial content of 10 6 -10 7 cfu / mL of bacterial liquid, mixing the bacterial liquid, crushed red onion and water in a mass ratio of 1:5-10:10-20, and aerobically fermenting at a speed of 50-100 rpm and a temperature of 37±2°C for 48-72 hours, and drying the fermentation product and sieving it to obtain baking powder.

[0017] As a preferred solution: the first micro-particle bait includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of fish meal, 15 parts of puffed soybean powder, 10 parts of fish oil, 5 parts of red worm powder, 3 parts of brewer's yeast powder, 5 parts of Moringa branch and leaf fermentation powder, 1 part of earthworm powder, 0.01 parts of lysine, and 0.01 parts of tryptophan.

[0018] As a preferred solution: the second micro-particle bait includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of fish meal, 10 parts of artemia powder, 8 parts of crab roe powder, 7 parts of puffed soybean powder, 7 parts of fish oil, 5 parts of brewer's yeast powder, 8 parts of red onion fermentation powder, 1 part of earthworm powder, 0.01 parts of tryptophan, and 0.02 parts of vitamin B2.

[0019] As a preferred solution: the prawn is Penaeus vannamei.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] The present invention strictly controls aspects such as bait selection and water environment, creates a good environment for the growth of shrimps, ensures the vitality of shrimp fry and a higher survival rate, promotes the metamorphosis of larvae, shortens the emergence time, and creates greater economic profits for farmers.

[0022] The method is easy to operate, does not require special equipment, and is easy to be promoted and used industrially. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to better understand the technical content of the present invention, specific embodiments are provided below to further illustrate the present invention.

[0024] Example 1 A method for cultivating shrimp seedlings with high survival rate

[0025] (1) Water for seedling cultivation: Purify seawater to make it comply with the provisions of NY 5052-2001; control the salinity to 28-30‰ and the pH value to 8.0-8.5.

[0026] (2) Seedling raising facilities: Before using the indoor seedling raising pool, soak the entire pool with 200ppm bleaching powder, then rinse it with fresh water; set 4 120-mesh air stones per square meter in the seedling raising pool;

[0027] (3) Activation of the nursery water: Inject the seawater treated in step (1) into the 20m 3 In the nursery pond, the water depth is 1.2 to 1.5 m, and Bacillus subtilis is used to activate the water. The concentration of Bacillus subtilis in the nursery water is maintained at 10 7 cfu / L.

[0028] (4) Stocking density: The stocking density of Penaeus vannamei nauplii is 200,000 / m 3 ;

[0029] (5) Water temperature: When shrimp nauplii enter the nursery pond, the water temperature is 28-29°C, then the water temperature rises to 30-31°C. On the 5th to 10th day of nursery, the water temperature is lowered to 28-29°C. After 10 days of nursery, the water temperature is maintained at 27-28°C.

[0030] (6) Aeration: When the nauplii are put into the pond, keep the air slightly aerated so that the nauplii do not sink. Then gradually increase the amount of air until the water is boiling. Keep aerating continuously during the seedling raising period.

[0031] (7) Feed:

[0032] On the first or second day of seedling cultivation, feed Chaetoceros muelleri to maintain the algae density in the water at 500-700 cells / ml;

[0033] Feed Chaetoceros moulinii, Skeleton algae and the first micro-particle feed on the 3rd to 5th day of seedling raising, keep the density of Chaetoceros moulinii in the water at 500-600 / ml, keep the density of Skeleton algae in the water at 100-120 / ml, and feed the first micro-particle feed at a daily rate of 7-10g / m 3 ;

[0034] On the 6th to 10th day of seedling cultivation, feed the second micro-particle bait, shrimp flakes and rotifers. The rotifer feeding amount is 10-13ind / d, and the second micro-particle bait daily feeding amount is 15-20g / m 3 The daily feeding amount of shrimp flakes is 2-3g / m 3 , the shrimp flakes are filtered through a 150-mesh silk screen before feeding;

[0035] After 10 days of seedling raising, feed the second micro-granular feed, shrimp flakes and Artemia nauplii. The Artemia nauplii feeding amount is 20-30ind / d, and the second micro-granular feed daily feeding amount is 8-12g / m 3 The daily feeding amount of shrimp flakes is 4-6g / m 3 , the shrimp chips are filtered through a 100-mesh silk screen before feeding.

[0036] The first micro-granular bait: 20 parts of fish meal, 12 parts of puffed soybean powder, 7 parts of fish oil, 3 parts of red worm powder, 2 parts of brewer's yeast powder, 5 parts of Moringa branch and leaf fermentation powder, 0.5 parts of earthworm powder, 0.01 parts of lysine, and 0.01 parts of tryptophan are used as raw materials and are ultra-finely ground, mixed, and granulated.

[0037] Moringa branch and leaf fermentation powder: grind the Moringa branch and leaf to obtain the Moringa branch and leaf crushed material; mix Bacillus subtilis (effective live bacteria count 10 billion / g) and the Moringa branch and leaf crushed material in a mass ratio of 1:10, add water to adjust the moisture content to 50±5%, and aerobically solid ferment for 72 hours at 37±2°C, turning the material every 24 hours, and drying the fermentation product, and sieving to obtain the fermentation powder.

[0038] The second micro-granular bait: 20 parts of fish meal, 5 parts of artemia powder, 5 parts of crab roe powder, 10 parts of puffed soybean powder, 5 parts of fish oil, 2 parts of brewer's yeast powder, 5 parts of red onion fermentation powder, 0.5 parts of earthworm powder, 0.01 parts of tryptophan, and 0.02 parts of vitamin B2 are used as raw materials and are ultrafinely ground, mixed, and granulated to make micro-granular bait.

[0039] Red onion baking powder: crush red onion to obtain crushed red onion; prepare Bacillus amyloliquefaciens with a bacterial content of 10 7 cfu / mL of bacterial liquid, the bacterial liquid, crushed red onion and water are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:10:20, and aerobically fermented at a speed of 50 rpm and a temperature of 37±2°C for 72 h. The fermentation product is dried and sieved to obtain baking powder.

[0040] Within 5 days of seedling cultivation, the particle size of the microparticles is 0.075-0.15mm. After 6-12 days of seedling cultivation, the particle size of the microparticle bait is 0.2-0.3mm. After that, the particle size of the microparticle bait is 0.4-0.5mm.

[0041] Embodiment 2 A method for cultivating shrimp seedlings with high survival rate

[0042] (1) Water for seedling cultivation: Purify seawater to make it comply with the provisions of NY 5052-2001; control the salinity to 28-30‰ and the pH value to 8.0-8.5.

[0043] (2) Seedling raising facilities: Before using the indoor seedling raising pool, soak the entire pool with 200ppm bleaching powder, then rinse it with fresh water; set 4 120-mesh air stones per square meter in the seedling raising pool;

[0044] (3) Activation of the seedling water body: inject the seawater treated in step (1) into the water body for 15-20 m 3 In the nursery pond, the water depth is 1.2 to 1.5 m, and Bacillus subtilis is used to activate the water. The concentration of Bacillus subtilis in the nursery water is maintained at 10 7 -10 8 cfu / L.

[0045] (4) Stocking density: The stocking density of Penaeus vannamei nauplii is 200,000 / m 3 ;

[0046] (5) Water temperature: When shrimp nauplii enter the nursery pond, the water temperature is 28-29°C, then the water temperature rises to 30-31°C. On the 5th to 10th day of nursery, the water temperature is lowered to 28-29°C. After 10 days of nursery, the water temperature is maintained at 27-28°C.

[0047] (6) Aeration: When the nauplii are put into the pond, keep the air slightly aerated so that the nauplii do not sink. Then gradually increase the amount of air until the water is boiling. Keep aerating continuously during the seedling raising period.

[0048] (7) Feed:

[0049] On the first or second day of seedling cultivation, feed Chaetoceros muelleri to maintain the algae density in the water at 500-700 cells / ml;

[0050] Feed Chaetoceros moulinii, Skeleton algae and the first micro-particle feed on the 3rd to 5th day of seedling raising, keep the density of Chaetoceros moulinii in the water at 500-600 / ml, keep the density of Skeleton algae in the water at 100-120 / ml, and feed the first micro-particle feed at a daily rate of 7-10g / m 3 ;

[0051] On the 6th to 10th day of seedling cultivation, feed the second micro-granular bait, shrimp flakes and rotifers. The rotifer feeding amount is 15-20ind / d, and the daily feeding amount of the second micro-granular bait is 15-20g / m 3 The daily feeding amount of shrimp flakes is 4-5g / m 3 , the shrimp flakes are filtered through a 150-mesh silk screen before feeding;

[0052] After 10 days of seedling raising, feed the second micro-granular feed, shrimp flakes and Artemia nauplii. The Artemia nauplii feeding amount is 20-30ind / d, and the second micro-granular feed daily feeding amount is 8-12g / m 3 The daily feeding amount of shrimp flakes is 7-9g / m 3 , the shrimp chips are filtered through a 100-mesh silk screen before feeding.

[0053] The first micro-granular bait: 20 parts of fish meal, 12 parts of puffed soybean powder, 7 parts of fish oil, 3 parts of red worm powder, 2 parts of brewer's yeast powder, 8 parts of Moringa branch and leaf fermentation powder, 1 part of earthworm powder, 0.03 parts of lysine, and 0.03 parts of tryptophan are used as raw materials and are ultra-finely ground, mixed, and granulated.

[0054] Moringa branch and leaf fermentation powder: crush the Moringa branch and leaves to obtain Moringa branch and leaf crushed material; mix Bacillus subtilis (effective live bacteria count 10 billion / g) and the Moringa branch and leaf crushed material in a mass ratio of 1:20, add water to adjust the moisture content to about 50±5%, and aerobically solid ferment for 48 hours at 37±2°C, turning the material every 24 hours, and drying the fermentation product, sieving to obtain the fermentation powder.

[0055] The second micro-granular bait: 20 parts of fish meal, 5 parts of artemia powder, 5 parts of crab roe powder, 10 parts of puffed soybean powder, 5 parts of fish oil, 2 parts of brewer's yeast powder, 3 parts of red onion fermentation powder, 1 part of earthworm powder, 0.02 parts of tryptophan and 0.01 parts of vitamin B2 are used as raw materials and are ultrafinely ground, mixed and granulated to make micro-granular bait.

[0056] Red onion baking powder: crush red onion to obtain crushed red onion; prepare Bacillus amyloliquefaciens with a bacterial content of 10 6 cfu / mL of bacterial liquid, the bacterial liquid, crushed red onion and water are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:5:10, and aerobically fermented at a speed of 50 rpm and a temperature of 37±2°C for 48 h. The fermentation product is dried and sieved to obtain baking powder.

[0057] Within 5 days of seedling cultivation, the particle size of the microparticles is 0.075-0.15mm. After 6-12 days of seedling cultivation, the particle size of the microparticle bait is 0.2-0.3mm. After that, the particle size of the microparticle bait is 0.4-0.5mm.

[0058] Example 3 A method for cultivating shrimp fry with high survival rate

[0059] (1) Water for seedling cultivation: Purify seawater to make it comply with the provisions of NY 5052-2001; control the salinity to 28-30‰ and the pH value to 8.0-8.5.

[0060] (2) Seedling raising facilities: Before using the indoor seedling raising pool, soak the entire pool with 200ppm bleaching powder, then rinse it with fresh water; set 4 120-mesh air stones per square meter in the seedling raising pool;

[0061] (3) Activation of the seedling water body: inject the seawater treated in step (1) into the water body for 15-20 m 3 In the nursery pond, the water depth is 1.2 to 1.5 m, and Bacillus subtilis is used to activate the water. The concentration of Bacillus subtilis in the nursery water is maintained at 10 7 -10 8 cfu / L.

[0062] (4) Stocking density: The stocking density of Penaeus vannamei nauplii is 200,000 / m 3 ;

[0063] (5) Water temperature: When shrimp nauplii enter the nursery pond, the water temperature is 28-29°C, then the water temperature rises to 30-31°C. On the 5th to 10th day of nursery, the water temperature is lowered to 28-29°C. After 10 days of nursery, the water temperature is maintained at 27-28°C.

[0064] (6) Aeration: When the nauplii are put into the pond, keep the air slightly aerated so that the nauplii do not sink. Then gradually increase the amount of air until the water is boiling. Keep aerating continuously during the seedling raising period.

[0065] (7) Feed:

[0066] On the first or second day of seedling cultivation, feed Chaetoceros muelleri to maintain the algae density in the water at 500-700 cells / ml;

[0067] Feed Chaetoceros moulinii, Skeleton algae and the first micro-particle feed on the 3rd to 5th day of seedling raising, keep the density of Chaetoceros moulinii in the water at 500-600 / ml, keep the density of Skeleton algae in the water at 100-120 / ml, and feed the first micro-particle feed at a daily rate of 7-10g / m 3 ;

[0068] On the 6th to 10th day of seedling cultivation, feed the second micro-particle bait, shrimp flakes and rotifers. The rotifer feeding amount is 10-13ind / d, and the second micro-particle bait daily feeding amount is 15-20g / m 3 The daily feeding amount of shrimp flakes is 2-3g / m 3, the shrimp flakes are filtered through a 150-mesh silk screen before feeding;

[0069] After 10 days of seedling raising, feed the second micro-granular feed, shrimp flakes and Artemia nauplii. The Artemia nauplii feeding amount is 20-30ind / d, and the second micro-granular feed daily feeding amount is 8-12g / m 3 The daily feeding amount of shrimp flakes is 4-6g / m 3 , the shrimp chips are filtered through a 100-mesh silk screen before feeding.

[0070] The first micro-granular bait: 30 parts of fish meal, 15 parts of puffed soybean powder, 10 parts of fish oil, 5 parts of red worm powder, 3 parts of brewer's yeast powder, 5 parts of Moringa branch and leaf fermentation powder, 1 part of earthworm powder, 0.01 parts of lysine, and 0.01 parts of tryptophan are used as raw materials and are ultra-finely ground, mixed, and granulated.

[0071] Moringa branch and leaf fermentation powder: grind the Moringa branch and leaf to obtain the Moringa branch and leaf crushed material; mix Bacillus subtilis (effective live bacteria count 10 billion / g) and the Moringa branch and leaf crushed material in a mass ratio of 1:10, add water to adjust the moisture content to 50±5%, and aerobically solid ferment for 72 hours at 37±2°C, turning the material every 24 hours, and drying the fermentation product, and sieving to obtain the fermentation powder.

[0072] The second micro-granular bait: 30 parts of fish meal, 10 parts of artemia powder, 8 parts of crab roe powder, 7 parts of puffed soybean powder, 7 parts of fish oil, 5 parts of brewer's yeast powder, 8 parts of red onion fermentation powder, 1 part of earthworm powder, 0.01 parts of tryptophan and 0.02 parts of vitamin B2 are used as raw materials and are ultrafinely ground, mixed and granulated to make micro-granular bait.

[0073] Red onion baking powder: crush red onion to obtain crushed red onion; prepare Bacillus amyloliquefaciens with a bacterial content of 10 7 cfu / mL of bacterial liquid, the bacterial liquid, crushed red onion and water are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:10:20, and aerobically fermented at a speed of 50 rpm and a temperature of 37±2°C for 72 h. The fermentation product is dried and sieved to obtain baking powder.

[0074] Within 5 days of seedling cultivation, the particle size of the microparticles is 0.075-0.15mm. After 6-12 days of seedling cultivation, the particle size of the microparticle bait is 0.2-0.3mm. After that, the particle size of the microparticle bait is 0.4-0.5mm.

[0075] Example 4 A method for cultivating shrimp seedlings with high survival rate

[0076] (1) Water for seedling cultivation: Purify seawater to make it comply with the provisions of NY 5052-2001; control the salinity to 28-30‰ and the pH value to 8.0-8.5.

[0077] (2) Seedling raising facilities: Before using the indoor seedling raising pool, soak the entire pool with 200ppm bleaching powder, then rinse it with fresh water; set 4 120-mesh air stones per square meter in the seedling raising pool;

[0078] (3) Activation of the seedling water body: inject the seawater treated in step (1) into the water body for 15-20 m 3 In the nursery pond, the water depth is 1.2 to 1.5 m, and Bacillus subtilis is used to activate the water. The concentration of Bacillus subtilis in the nursery water is maintained at 10 7 -10 8 cfu / L.

[0079] (4) Stocking density: The stocking density of Penaeus vannamei nauplii is 200,000 / m 3 ;

[0080] (5) Water temperature: When shrimp nauplii enter the nursery pond, the water temperature is 28-29°C, then the water temperature rises to 30-31°C. On the 5th to 10th day of nursery, the water temperature is lowered to 28-29°C. After 10 days of nursery, the water temperature is maintained at 27-28°C.

[0081] (6) Aeration: When the nauplii are put into the pond, keep the air slightly aerated so that the nauplii do not sink. Then gradually increase the amount of air until the water is boiling. Keep aerating continuously during the seedling raising period.

[0082] (7) Feed:

[0083] On the first or second day of seedling cultivation, feed Chaetoceros muelleri to maintain the algae density in the water at 500-700 cells / ml;

[0084] Feed Chaetoceros moulinii, Skeleton algae and the first micro-particle feed on the 3rd to 5th day of seedling raising, keep the density of Chaetoceros moulinii in the water at 500-600 / ml, keep the density of Skeleton algae in the water at 100-120 / ml, and feed the first micro-particle feed at a daily rate of 7-10g / m 3 ;

[0085] On the 6th to 10th day of seedling cultivation, feed the second micro-particle bait, shrimp flakes and rotifers. The rotifer feeding amount is 10-13ind / d, and the second micro-particle bait daily feeding amount is 15-20g / m 3 The daily feeding amount of shrimp flakes is 2-3g / m 3 , the shrimp flakes are filtered through a 150-mesh silk screen before feeding;

[0086] After 10 days of seedling raising, feed the second micro-granular feed, shrimp flakes and Artemia nauplii. The Artemia nauplii feeding amount is 20-30ind / d, and the second micro-granular feed daily feeding amount is 8-12g / m 3The daily feeding amount of shrimp flakes is 4-6g / m 3 , the shrimp chips are filtered through a 100-mesh silk screen before feeding.

[0087] The first micro-granular bait: 30 parts of fish meal, 15 parts of puffed soybean powder, 10 parts of fish oil, 5 parts of red worm powder, 3 parts of brewer's yeast powder, 5 parts of crushed Moringa branches and leaves, 1 part of earthworm powder, 0.01 parts of lysine, and 0.01 parts of tryptophan are used as raw materials and are ultra-finely ground, mixed, and granulated.

[0088] The second micro-granular bait: 30 parts of fish meal, 10 parts of artemia powder, 8 parts of crab roe powder, 7 parts of puffed soybean powder, 7 parts of fish oil, 5 parts of brewer's yeast powder, 8 parts of crushed red onion, 1 part of earthworm powder, 0.01 parts of tryptophan, and 0.02 parts of vitamin B2 are used as raw materials and are ultrafinely ground, mixed, and granulated to make micro-granular bait.

[0089] Within 5 days of seedling cultivation, the particle size of the microparticles is 0.075-0.15mm. After 6-12 days of seedling cultivation, the particle size of the microparticle bait is 0.2-0.3mm. After that, the particle size of the microparticle bait is 0.4-0.5mm.

[0090] Example 5 A method for cultivating shrimp fry with high survival rate

[0091] (1) Water for seedling cultivation: Purify seawater to make it comply with the provisions of NY 5052-2001; control the salinity to 28-30‰ and the pH value to 8.0-8.5.

[0092] (2) Seedling raising facilities: Before using the indoor seedling raising pool, soak the entire pool with 200ppm bleaching powder, then rinse it with fresh water; set 4 120-mesh air stones per square meter in the seedling raising pool;

[0093] (3) Activation of the seedling water body: inject the seawater treated in step (1) into the water body for 15-20 m 3 In the nursery pond, the water depth is 1.2 to 1.5 m, and Bacillus subtilis is used to activate the water. The concentration of Bacillus subtilis in the nursery water is maintained at 10 7 -10 8 cfu / L.

[0094] (4) Stocking density: The stocking density of Penaeus vannamei nauplii is 200,000 / m 3 ;

[0095] (5) Water temperature: When shrimp nauplii enter the nursery pond, the water temperature is 28-29°C, then the water temperature rises to 30-31°C. On the 5th to 10th day of nursery, the water temperature is lowered to 28-29°C. After 10 days of nursery, the water temperature is maintained at 27-28°C.

[0096] (6) Aeration: When the nauplii are put into the pond, keep the air slightly aerated so that the nauplii do not sink. Then gradually increase the amount of air until the water is boiling. Keep aerating continuously during the seedling raising period.

[0097] (7) Feed:

[0098] On the first or second day of seedling cultivation, feed Chaetoceros muelleri to maintain the algae density in the water at 500-700 cells / ml;

[0099] Feed Chaetoceros moulinii, Skeleton algae and the first micro-particle feed on the 3rd to 5th day of seedling raising, keep the density of Chaetoceros moulinii in the water at 500-600 / ml, keep the density of Skeleton algae in the water at 100-120 / ml, and feed the first micro-particle feed at a daily rate of 7-10g / m 3 ;

[0100] On the 6th to 10th day of seedling cultivation, feed the first micro-granular bait, shrimp flakes and rotifers. The rotifer feeding amount is 10-13ind / d, and the first micro-granular bait daily feeding amount is 15-20g / m 3 The daily feeding amount of shrimp flakes is 2-3g / m 3 , the shrimp flakes are filtered through a 150-mesh silk screen before feeding;

[0101] After 10 days of seedling raising, feed the first micro-granular feed, shrimp flakes and Artemia nauplii. The Artemia nauplii feeding amount is 20-30ind / d, and the first micro-granular feed daily feeding amount is 8-12g / m 3 The daily feeding amount of shrimp flakes is 4-6g / m 3 , the shrimp chips are filtered through a 100-mesh silk screen before feeding.

[0102] The first micro-granular bait: 30 parts of fish meal, 15 parts of puffed soybean powder, 10 parts of fish oil, 5 parts of red worm powder, 3 parts of brewer's yeast powder, 5 parts of Moringa branch and leaf fermentation powder, 1 part of earthworm powder, 0.01 parts of lysine, and 0.01 parts of tryptophan are used as raw materials and are ultra-finely ground, mixed, and granulated.

[0103] Moringa branch and leaf fermentation powder: grind the Moringa branch and leaf to obtain the Moringa branch and leaf crushed material; mix Bacillus subtilis (effective live bacteria count 10 billion / g) and the Moringa branch and leaf crushed material in a mass ratio of 1:10, add water to adjust the moisture content to 50±5%, and aerobically solid ferment for 72 hours at 37±2°C, turning the material every 24 hours, and drying the fermentation product, and sieving to obtain the fermentation powder.

[0104] Within 5 days of seedling cultivation, the particle size of the microparticles is 0.075-0.15mm. After 6-12 days of seedling cultivation, the particle size of the microparticle bait is 0.2-0.3mm. After that, the particle size of the microparticle bait is 0.4-0.5mm.

[0105] Example 6 A method for cultivating shrimp seedlings with high survival rate

[0106] (1) Water for seedling cultivation: Purify seawater to make it comply with the provisions of NY 5052-2001; control the salinity to 28-30‰ and the pH value to 8.0-8.5.

[0107] (2) Seedling raising facilities: Before using the indoor seedling raising pool, soak the entire pool with 200ppm bleaching powder, then rinse it with fresh water; set 4 120-mesh air stones per square meter in the seedling raising pool;

[0108] (3) Activation of the seedling water body: inject the seawater treated in step (1) into the water body for 15-20 m 3 In the nursery pond, the water depth is 1.2 to 1.5 m, and Bacillus subtilis is used to activate the water. The concentration of Bacillus subtilis in the nursery water is maintained at 10 7 -10 8 cfu / L.

[0109] (4) Stocking density: The stocking density of Penaeus vannamei nauplii is 200,000 / m 3 ;

[0110] (5) Water temperature: When shrimp nauplii enter the nursery pond, the water temperature is 28-29°C, then the water temperature rises to 30-31°C. On the 5th to 10th day of nursery, the water temperature is lowered to 28-29°C, and after 10 days of nursery, the water temperature is maintained at 27-28°C. Shrimp are temperature-changing animals, and changes in environmental temperature directly affect the metabolic level and physiological regulation mechanism of the shrimp body. Therefore, the nursery water temperature must be strictly controlled.

[0111] (6) Aeration: When the nauplii are put into the pond, keep the air slightly aerated so that the nauplii do not sink. Then gradually increase the amount of air until the water is boiling. Keep aerating continuously during the seedling raising period.

[0112] (7) Feed:

[0113] On the first or second day of seedling cultivation, feed Chaetoceros muelleri to maintain the algae density in the water at 500-700 cells / ml;

[0114] Feed Chaetoceros moulinii, Skeleton algae and the first micro-particle feed on the 3rd to 5th day of seedling raising, keep the density of Chaetoceros moulinii in the water at 500-600 / ml, keep the density of Skeleton algae in the water at 100-120 / ml, and feed the first micro-particle feed at a daily rate of 7-10g / m 3 ;

[0115] On the 6th to 10th day of seedling cultivation, feed the second micro-particle bait, shrimp flakes and rotifers. The rotifer feeding amount is 10-13ind / d, and the second micro-particle bait daily feeding amount is 15-20g / m 3The daily feeding amount of shrimp flakes is 2-3g / m 3 , the shrimp flakes are filtered through a 150-mesh silk screen before feeding;

[0116] After 10 days of seedling raising, feed the second micro-granular feed, shrimp flakes and Artemia nauplii. The Artemia nauplii feeding amount is 20-30ind / d, and the second micro-granular feed daily feeding amount is 8-12g / m 3 The daily feeding amount of shrimp flakes is 4-6g / m 3 , the shrimp chips are filtered through a 100-mesh silk screen before feeding.

[0117] The first micro-granular bait: 30 parts of fish meal, 15 parts of puffed soybean powder, 10 parts of fish oil, 5 parts of red worm powder, 3 parts of brewer's yeast powder, 1 part of earthworm powder, 0.01 parts of lysine and 0.01 parts of tryptophan are used as raw materials and are ultra-finely ground, mixed and granulated.

[0118] The second micro-granular bait: 30 parts of fish meal, 10 parts of artemia powder, 8 parts of crab roe powder, 7 parts of puffed soybean powder, 7 parts of fish oil, 5 parts of brewer's yeast powder, 1 part of earthworm powder, 0.01 parts of tryptophan, and 0.02 parts of vitamin B2 are used as raw materials and are ultrafinely ground, mixed, and granulated to make micro-granular bait.

[0119] Within 5 days of seedling cultivation, the particle size of the microparticles is 0.075-0.15mm. After 6-12 days of seedling cultivation, the particle size of the microparticle bait is 0.2-0.3mm. After that, the particle size of the microparticle bait is 0.4-0.5mm.

[0120] Application effect test:

[0121] In the traditional seedling raising method, the unjointed seedlings enter the shrimp larvae stage in about 10 days. In this experiment, 100 tails were randomly selected after 8 days of seedling raising, and the metamorphosis rate was calculated based on whether they developed into shrimp larvae. Metamorphosis rate (%) = number of metamorphosis tails (i.e. number of shrimp larvae) / number of sampled tails × 100%. The survival rate of shrimp larvae was calculated after 30 days of seedling raising. Survival rate (%) = total number of seedlings / total number of releases × 100%, the experiment was repeated three times, and the average value was taken. The survival rates of shrimp larvae in the above-mentioned embodiments are statistically shown in Table 1.

[0122] Table 1

[0123] Shrimp fry survival rate (%) Abnormality rate (%) Example 3 92.3％ 85.7％ Example 4 88.8％ 67.7％ Example 5 85.5％ 63.3％ Example 6 90.7％ 59.3％

[0124] SPSS single factor ANOVA test was used. Data analysis showed that in terms of survival rate, there was a significant difference between Example 3 and Example 4 (P < 0.05), there was no significant difference between Example 3 and Example 6, and there was no significant difference between Example 4 and Example 6. There were significant differences between Example 5 and other examples. In terms of metamorphosis rate, there were significant differences between the groups.

[0125] The results in Table 1 show that, using the fry method of the present invention, after 30 days of cultivation, the survival rate of shrimp fry reaches about 90%, and the survival rate is high. It was observed that the shrimp fry obtained by this method has high vitality. It can be seen that the method of the present invention can efficiently provide farmers with a large amount of high-quality shrimp fry to meet the needs of farmers. We also found that the method of the present invention can promote the metamorphosis of shrimp fry. After 8 days of seedling cultivation, more than 59% of the shrimp fry have metamorphosed to the shrimp fry stage, the metamorphosis cycle is short, and the metamorphosis rate is high. By comparing the metamorphosis results of each embodiment, it was found that when the first feed particles were used 3-5 days before seedling cultivation and the second feed particles were used 6-10 days, the metamorphosis rate was the highest, reaching more than 85%, and when the metamorphosis rate was measured on the 10th day, it was found that more than 96% of the shrimp fry were completely in the shrimp fry stage.

[0126] The above description is only an example of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made based on the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for cultivating shrimp fry with high survival rate, characterized in that: include: Water for seedling cultivation: control salinity at 28-30‰ and pH at 8.0-8.5; Activation of water for seedling cultivation: Use Bacillus subtilis to activate water; Water temperature: When shrimp nauplii enter the nursery pond, the water temperature is 28-29°C, then the water temperature rises to 30-31°C. On the 5th to 10th day of nursery, the water temperature is lowered to 28-29°C, and after 10 days of nursery, the water temperature is maintained at 27-28°C. Feed: On the 1st to 2nd day of seedling cultivation, feed Chaetoceros muelleri; on the 3rd to 5th day of seedling cultivation, feed Chaetoceros muelleri, Skeletonium and the first micro-granular bait; On the 6th to 10th day of seedling raising, feed the second micro-granular bait, shrimp flakes and rotifers; after 10 days of seedling raising, feed the second micro-granular bait, shrimp flakes and Artemia nauplii; The first micro-particle bait is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of fish meal, 12-15 parts of puffed soybean powder, 7-10 parts of fish oil, 3-5 parts of red worm powder, 2-3 parts of brewer's yeast powder, 5-8 parts of Moringa oleifera leaf fermentation powder, 0.5-1 parts of earthworm powder, 0.01-0.03 parts of lysine, and 0.01-0.03 parts of tryptophan; The second micro-particle bait is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of fish meal, 5-10 parts of artemia powder, 5-8 parts of crab roe powder, 7-10 parts of puffed soybean powder, 5-7 parts of fish oil, 2-5 parts of brewer's yeast powder, 3-8 parts of red onion fermentation powder, 0.5-1 parts of earthworm powder, 0.01-0.02 parts of tryptophan, and 0.01-0.02 parts of vitamin B2; The prawn is Penaeus vannamei; The moringa branch and leaf fermentation powder is prepared by the following method: crushing the moringa branches and leaves to obtain moringa branch and leaf crushed material; mixing Bacillus subtilis and the moringa branch and leaf crushed material in a mass ratio of 1:10-20, adding water to adjust the water content to 50±5%, and aerobically solid fermenting at 37±2°C for 48-72h, turning the material every 24h, drying the fermentation product, and sieving to obtain the fermentation powder; The red onion fermented powder is prepared by the following method: crushing red onion to obtain crushed red onion; preparing Bacillus amyloliquefaciens with a bacterial content of 10 6 -10 7 cfu / mL of bacterial liquid, mixing the bacterial liquid, crushed red onion and water in a mass ratio of 1:5-10:10-20, and aerobically fermenting at a speed of 50-100 rpm and a temperature of 37±2°C for 48-72 hours, and drying the fermentation product and sieving it to obtain baking powder.

2. The method for cultivating shrimp seedlings with high survival rate according to claim 1, characterized in that: On the first and second days of seedling cultivation, feed Chaetoceros muelleri to maintain the algae density in the water at 500-700 cells / mL; on the third to fifth days of seedling cultivation, feed Chaetoceros muelleri, Skeleton algae and the first micro-particle feed to maintain the Chaetoceros muelleri density in the water at 500-600 cells / mL and the Skeleton algae density in the water at 100-120 cells / mL. The daily feeding amount of the first micro-particle feed is 7-10g / m 3 On the 6th to 10th day of seedling raising, feed the second micro-particle bait, shrimp flakes and rotifers. The rotifer feeding amount is 10-20ind / d, and the second micro-particle bait daily feeding amount is 15-20g / m 3 The daily feeding amount of shrimp flakes is 2-5g / m 3 After 10 days of seedling raising, feed the second micro-granular bait, shrimp flakes and Artemia nauplii. The feeding amount of Artemia nauplii is 20-30ind / d, and the daily feeding amount of the second micro-granular bait is 8-12g / m 3 The daily feeding amount of shrimp flakes is 4-9g / m 3 .

3. The method for cultivating shrimp seedlings with high survival rate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first micro-particle bait is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of fish meal, 15 parts of puffed soybean powder, 10 parts of fish oil, 5 parts of red worm powder, 3 parts of brewer's yeast powder, 5 parts of Moringa branch and leaf fermentation powder, 1 part of earthworm powder, 0.01 parts of lysine, and 0.01 parts of tryptophan.

4. The method for cultivating shrimp seedlings with high survival rate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second micro-particle bait is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of fish meal, 10 parts of artemia powder, 8 parts of crab roe powder, 7 parts of puffed soybean powder, 7 parts of fish oil, 5 parts of brewer's yeast powder, 8 parts of red onion fermentation powder, 1 part of earthworm powder, 0.01 parts of tryptophan, and 0.02 parts of vitamin B2.