A kind of advance geological prediction system suitable for full-face tunnel boring machine without stopping

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of advance geological prediction systems suitable for full-face tunnel boring machine without stopping, it is related to geological detection prediction technical field, including shield machine main body, shield cutterhead is arranged on shield machine main body, opening is arranged on shield cutterhead, the periphery of opening is provided with arc detection window, opening and arc detection window all penetrate shield cutterhead, the side of shield machine main body corresponding shield cutterhead is provided with face detector, and hole wall detector is installed in the side wall of tunnel wall corresponding to the tunnel dug by shield machine main body.The application is pushed and passed through arc detection window by utilizing automatic moving frame when face detector passes through arc detection window, and it is detected by making face detector close to face geology, in the process of shield machine operation, without stopping, geological conditions can be continuously obtained in advance, so that shield machine system can timely and automatically adjust excavation parameters.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of geological detection and forecasting technology, specifically to an advanced geological forecasting system applicable to full-face tunnel boring machines without stopping operation. Background Technology

[0002] The variability of tunnel geological conditions and the inaccuracy of preliminary geological exploration mean that tunnel construction faces unknown conditions, greatly increasing the difficulty of the project. When geological conditions change significantly, if the tunnel boring machine (TBM) parameters are not adjusted in a timely manner, the TBM will struggle to adapt to the new geological conditions, significantly impacting both construction efficiency and safety.

[0003] To better understand the geological conditions ahead of the tunnel face and provide a reference for timely adjustment of tunnel boring machine (TBM) parameters, the conventional method currently used is advanced geological forecasting. However, when conducting advanced geological forecasting operations, the TBM needs to be stopped and wait, which greatly affects the TBM's construction efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an advanced geological prediction system suitable for full-face tunnel boring machines without stopping, so as to solve the above-mentioned shortcomings in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an advanced geological prediction system suitable for full-face tunnel boring machines without stopping operation, comprising a shield machine body, a shield cutterhead mounted on the shield machine body, an opening on the shield cutterhead, and an arc-shaped detection window around the opening, both the opening and the arc-shaped detection window penetrating the shield cutterhead; a face detector mounted on one side of the shield machine body corresponding to the shield cutterhead; and a tunnel wall detector mounted on the sidewall of the shield machine body corresponding to the tunnel wall being excavated, the face detector and the tunnel wall detector being advanced geological detection instruments; and an automatic moving frame mounted on one side of the shield machine body corresponding to the shield cutterhead, the face detector being fixedly mounted on the automatic moving frame, the automatic moving frame moving forward when the face detector passes the arc-shaped detection window. The tunnel boring machine (TBM) pushes the face detector through the curved detection window to get close to the face geology for detection. As the cutterhead rotates, the face detector gradually moves away from the curved detection window. An automatic moving frame moves the face detector backward out of the curved detection window's range when it leaves, ensuring that the cutterhead does not interfere with the face detector while it is running. During the TBM's operation, the face detector is pushed through the curved detection window at intervals to get close to the face for detection, and the tunnel wall detector detects data from the tunnel wall. This allows the TBM to continuously obtain geological information without stopping during its advance, enabling the TBM system to automatically adjust the tunneling parameters in a timely manner.

[0006] Preferably, a sliding frame is fixedly connected to the side of the automatic moving frame away from the face detector, and a guide sleeve is fixedly connected to the side wall of the shield machine body near the cutterhead. The sliding frame passes through the guide sleeve and slides with the guide sleeve, thereby supporting the stable pushing of the automatic moving frame to the face detector.

[0007] Preferably, a blocking structure is fixedly connected inside the main body of the tunnel boring machine at the position corresponding to the sliding frame. An elastic structure is provided between the blocking structure and the sliding frame. This elastic structure can accommodate the combination of springs and provide a forward elastic force to the automatic moving frame. An annular guide rail is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the tunnel boring machine cutterhead at the periphery of the arc-shaped detection window. The annular guide rail has a protrusion in the area away from the arc-shaped detection window. The automatic moving frame slides in cooperation with the arc-shaped detection window and the protrusion. As the tunnel boring machine cutterhead rotates continuously, when the arc-shaped detection window is about to approach the face detector, the automatic moving frame gradually contacts the annular guide rail and then extends forward under the support of the elastic structure, thus pushing the face detector through the arc-shaped detection window. When the face detector is about to finish passing through the arc-shaped detection window, the automatic moving frame begins to contact the protrusion. The automatic moving frame is pushed backward, thus moving the face detector backward and out of the arc-shaped detection window.

[0008] Preferably, the automatic moving frame is provided with a guide wheel near the annular guide rail. The guide wheel is rotatably installed inside the automatic moving frame and rolls with the annular guide rail and the protrusion, thereby avoiding friction between the automatic moving frame and the annular guide rail and the protrusion.

[0009] Preferably, a tunnel wall detector is provided in the side wall of the tunnel boring machine body, and the tunnel wall detector is slidably installed in the mounting groove. The movement of the tunnel wall detector can be controlled to control whether the tunnel wall detector approaches and contacts the tunnel wall. In this way, in conjunction with the face detector, the tunnel wall detector only approaches and detects the tunnel wall when the face detector approaches and detects the face.

[0010] Preferably, a sliding contact is fixedly connected to the bottom of the tunnel wall detector. The sliding frame extends to the bottom of the tunnel wall detector, and a top-out groove is opened inside the sliding frame on one side corresponding to the tunnel wall detector. The end of the top-out groove away from the face detector extends upward. The sliding contact slides and engages inside the top-out groove. When the face detector encounters the arc-shaped detection window and is pushed forward by the automatic moving frame, the top-out groove moves forward with the sliding frame, so that the sliding contact contacts the upward-extending part of the top-out groove, thereby pushing the tunnel wall detector outward, so that the tunnel wall detector approaches the tunnel wall and performs detection.

[0011] Preferably, the mounting groove is configured as a stepped inner groove, and the tunnel wall detector is provided with a protruding structure. An elastic element is provided between the protruding structure and the stepped part in the mounting groove. The elastic element can be a spring assembly. The elastic element provides a spring force to the tunnel wall detector to move into the tunnel machine body. So when the face detector retracts and the sliding frame moves inward, the elastic force of the elastic element will push the tunnel wall detector inward when the sliding contact part contacts the non-upper extension area of ​​the top groove, thereby reducing the friction time between the tunnel wall detector and the tunnel wall during the advancement of the tunnel machine body.

[0012] The technical effects and advantages provided by the present invention in the above technical solution are as follows:

[0013] 1. This invention utilizes an automatic moving frame that extends forward as the tunnel face detector passes through the arc-shaped detection window, pushing the detector closer to the geological conditions at the tunnel face for detection. When the detector is about to exit the arc-shaped detection window, the automatic moving frame brings it back. Thus, during the operation of the tunnel boring machine, geological conditions can be continuously and proactively acquired without stopping the machine, enabling the tunnel boring machine system to automatically adjust the tunneling parameters in a timely manner.

[0014] 2. This invention provides a sliding contact part at the bottom of the tunnel wall detector that works in conjunction with a sliding frame. When the detector at the tunnel face encounters the arc-shaped detection window and is pushed forward by the automatic moving frame, the ejector groove moves forward with the sliding frame, so that the sliding contact part contacts the upward-extending part of the ejector groove, thereby pushing the tunnel wall detector outward, and thus bringing the tunnel wall detector closer to the tunnel wall for detection, reducing the friction time between the tunnel wall detector and the tunnel wall during the advancement of the tunnel boring machine. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a front view of the shield cutterhead of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a rear view of the shield cutterhead of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the detection status of the advanced geological exploration instrument of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the non-detection state of the advanced geological exploration instrument of the present invention.

[0021] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0022] 1. Shield machine body; 11. Blocking structure; 12. Mounting slot; 2. Shield cutterhead; 21. Opening; 22. Arc-shaped detection window; 23. Circular guide rail; 24. Protrusion; 3. Automatic moving frame; 31. Sliding frame; 32. Guide wheel; 33. Top-out slot; 4. Face detector; 5. Tunnel wall detector; 51. Sliding contact part. Detailed Implementation

[0023] Example 1

[0024] This invention provides, for example Figure 1-5 The system described is an advanced geological prediction system suitable for full-face tunnel boring machines (TBMs) without shutting down. It includes a TBM body 1, a cutterhead 2 mounted on the TBM body 1, an opening 21 on the cutterhead 2, and an arc-shaped detection window 22 around the opening 21, both penetrating the cutterhead 2. A face detector 4 is mounted on one side of the TBM body 1 corresponding to the cutterhead 2, and a tunnel wall detector 5 is installed in the sidewall of the TBM body 1 corresponding to the tunnel wall being excavated. The face detector 4 and tunnel wall detector 5 are advanced geological detection instruments. Specifically, one can refer to the Chinese invention patent CN115373030A, which discloses a coal mine TBM electrical method for advanced geological prediction, detailing the actual detection method and serving as a reference for the advanced geological prediction system in this invention. An automatic moving frame 3 is mounted on one side of the TBM body 1 corresponding to the cutterhead 2, and the face detector 4... Fixedly mounted on the automatic moving frame 3, the automatic moving frame 3 moves forward when the face detector 4 passes through the arc-shaped detection window 22, pushing the face detector 4 through the arc-shaped detection window 22 to get close to the face geology for detection. As the shield cutterhead 2 rotates continuously, the face detector 4 will gradually move away from the arc-shaped detection window 22. When the face detector 4 leaves the arc-shaped detection window 22, the automatic moving frame 3 will move the face detector 4 backward out of the range of the arc-shaped detection window 22, thus ensuring that the shield cutterhead 2 will not interfere with the face detector 4 while it is running. During the operation of the shield machine, the face detector 4 is pushed through the arc-shaped detection window 22 at intervals to get close to the face and detect, and the tunnel wall detector 5 detects the data of the tunnel wall. Thus, the shield machine can continuously obtain geological conditions in advance without stopping during the advancement of the shield machine, so that the shield machine system can automatically adjust the tunneling parameters in a timely manner.

[0025] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, a sliding frame 31 is fixedly connected to the side of the automatic moving frame 3 away from the face detector 4, and a guide sleeve is fixedly connected to the side wall of the shield machine body 1 near the shield cutterhead 2. The sliding frame 31 passes through the guide sleeve and slides with the guide sleeve, thereby supporting the stable pushing of the automatic moving frame 3 to the face detector 4.

[0026] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, a blocking structure 11 is fixedly connected inside the shield machine body 1 at the position corresponding to the sliding frame 31. An elastic structure is provided between the blocking structure 11 and the sliding frame 31. This elastic structure can adapt to the combination of springs and provide a forward elastic force to the automatic moving frame 3. An annular guide rail 23 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shield cutterhead 2 at the periphery of the arc-shaped detection window 22. The annular guide rail 23 is provided with a protrusion 24 in the area away from the arc-shaped detection window 22. The automatic moving frame 3 is connected to the arc-shaped detection window 22 and the protrusion. The part 24 slides and engages, and as the shield cutterhead 2 rotates continuously, when the arc-shaped detection window 22 is about to approach the face detector 4, the automatic moving frame 3 gradually contacts the annular guide rail 23, and then extends forward under the support of the elastic structure, which can push the face detector 4 and push it through the arc-shaped detection window 22. When the face detector 4 is about to finish passing through the arc-shaped detection window 22, the automatic moving frame 3 begins to contact the protrusion 24, and the automatic moving frame 3 is pushed backward, thus moving the face detector 4 backward and out of the arc-shaped detection window 22.

[0027] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, a guide wheel 32 is provided at the part of the automatic moving frame 3 near the annular guide rail 23. The guide wheel 32 is rotatably installed inside the automatic moving frame 3 and rolls with the annular guide rail 23 and the protrusion 24, thereby avoiding friction between the automatic moving frame 3 and the annular guide rail 23 and the protrusion 24.

[0028] Working principle: A face detector 4 and a tunnel wall detector 5 are integrated into the main body 1 of the tunnel boring machine (TBM). An arc-shaped detection window 22 for the face detector 4 to extend is provided on the cutterhead 2. The face detector 4 is fixedly mounted on an automatic moving frame 3. When the face detector 4 passes through the arc-shaped detection window 22, the automatic moving frame 3 extends forward under the support of an elastic structure, pushing the face detector 4 through the arc-shaped detection window 22 to approach the geological face for detection. As the cutterhead 2 rotates continuously, the face detector 4 gradually moves away from the arc-shaped detection window 22. The automatic moving frame 3 then moves away from the arc-shaped detection window 22 as the face detector 4 moves away from the arc-shaped detection window 22. When the face detector 4 is about to pass through the arc-shaped detection window 22, the automatic moving frame 3 is pushed backward by the protrusion 24, thus moving the face detector 4 backward out of the range of the arc-shaped detection window 22. This ensures that the shield cutterhead 2 will not interfere with the face detector 4 while it is running. Then, during the operation of the shield machine, the face detector 4 is pushed back through the arc-shaped detection window 22 at intervals to approach and detect the face. Meanwhile, the tunnel wall detector 5 detects the data of the tunnel wall. This allows the shield machine to continuously obtain geological information in advance without stopping the machine, enabling the shield machine system to automatically adjust the tunneling parameters in a timely manner.

[0029] Example 2

[0030] An advanced geological prediction system based on Embodiment 1, applicable to full-face tunnel boring machines without shutdown, such as... Figure 4 and 5 As shown, further, in the above technical solution, a 13 is provided in the side wall of the shield machine body 1, and the tunnel wall detector 5 is slidably installed in the mounting groove 12, so that the movement of the tunnel wall detector 5 can be controlled to control whether the tunnel wall detector 5 approaches and contacts the tunnel wall, so as to cooperate with the face detector 4. Only when the face detector 4 approaches the face and performs detection, the tunnel wall detector 5 approaches the tunnel wall and performs detection.

[0031] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, a sliding contact 51 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the cave wall detector 5, and the sliding frame 31 extends to the bottom of the cave wall detector 5. A top-out groove 33 is opened inside the sliding frame 31 on one side corresponding to the cave wall detector 5. The end of the top-out groove 33 away from the face detector 4 extends upward. The sliding contact 51 slides and engages inside the top-out groove 33. When the face detector 4 encounters the arc-shaped detection window 22 and is pushed forward by the automatic moving frame 3, the top-out groove 33 moves forward with the sliding frame 31, so that the sliding contact 51 contacts the upward-extending part of the top-out groove 33, thereby pushing the cave wall detector 5 outward, so that the cave wall detector 5 approaches the cave wall and performs detection.

[0032] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the mounting groove 12 is set as a stepped inner groove, and the tunnel wall detector 5 is provided with a protruding structure. An elastic element is provided between the protruding structure and the stepped part in the mounting groove 12. The elastic element can be a spring assembly. The elastic element provides a spring force to the tunnel wall detector 5 to move into the shield machine body 1. So when the face detector 4 retracts and the sliding frame 31 moves inward, with the help of the elastic force of the elastic element, when the sliding contact part 51 contacts the non-upper extension area of ​​the top groove 33, the tunnel wall detector 5 is pushed inward, causing the tunnel wall detector 5 to retract, thereby reducing the friction time between the tunnel wall detector 5 and the tunnel wall during the advance of the shield machine body 1.

[0033] Working principle: By setting a sliding contact 51 at the bottom of the tunnel wall detector 5 to cooperate with the sliding frame 31, when the face detector 4 encounters the arc-shaped detection window 22 and is pushed forward by the automatic moving frame 3, the ejector groove 33 moves forward with the sliding frame 31, so that the sliding contact 51 contacts the upward-extending part of the ejector groove 33, which can push the tunnel wall detector 5 outward, thereby bringing the tunnel wall detector 5 close to the tunnel wall for detection. When the face detector 4 retracts and the sliding frame 31 moves inward, with the help of the elastic force of the elastic element, when the sliding contact 51 contacts the non-upper extension area of ​​the ejector groove 33, the tunnel wall detector 5 is pushed inward, causing the tunnel wall detector 5 to retract, thereby reducing the friction time between the tunnel wall detector 5 and the tunnel wall during the forward movement of the shield machine body 1.

Claims

1. An advanced geological prediction system applicable to full-face tunnel boring machines without stopping, comprising a shield machine body (1), wherein a shield cutterhead (2) is provided on the shield machine body (1), and an opening (21) is provided on the shield cutterhead (2), characterized in that: An arc-shaped detection window (22) is provided around the opening (21). A face detector (4) is provided on one side of the shield machine body (1) corresponding to the shield cutterhead (2). A tunnel wall detector (5) is installed in the side wall of the shield machine body (1) corresponding to the tunnel wall being excavated. An automatic moving frame (3) is installed on one side of the shield machine body (1) corresponding to the shield cutterhead (2). The face detector (4) is fixedly installed on the automatic moving frame (3). When the face detector (4) passes through the arc-shaped detection window (22), the automatic moving frame (3) moves forward and pushes the face detector (4) through the arc-shaped detection window (22) to make it close to the face geology for detection. When the face detector (4) leaves the arc-shaped detection window (22), the automatic moving frame (3) moves the face detector (4) backward and moves it out of the range of the arc-shaped detection window (22). The automatic moving frame (3) is fixedly connected to a sliding frame (31) on the side away from the face detector (4). A guide sleeve is fixedly connected to the side wall of the shield machine body (1) near the shield cutterhead (2). The sliding frame (31) passes through the guide sleeve and slides with the guide sleeve. The shield machine body (1) has a (13) in the side wall, and the tunnel wall detector (5) is slidably installed in the mounting groove (12); The bottom of the cave wall detector (5) is fixedly connected to a sliding contact (51). The sliding frame (31) extends to the bottom of the cave wall detector (5), and the sliding frame (31) has a top-out groove (33) inside the side corresponding to the cave wall detector (5). The end of the top-out groove (33) away from the face detector (4) extends upward, and the sliding contact (51) slides and engages inside the top-out groove (33).

2. The advanced geological prediction system applicable to full-face tunnel boring machines without stopping, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that: The shield machine body (1) is fixedly connected to a blocking structure (11) at the position corresponding to the sliding frame (31). An elastic structure is provided between the blocking structure (11) and the sliding frame (31). The inner wall of the shield cutterhead (2) is fixedly connected to an annular guide rail (23) at the periphery of the arc-shaped detection window (22). The annular guide rail (23) has a protrusion (24) in the area away from the arc-shaped detection window (22).

3. The advanced geological prediction system applicable to full-face tunnel boring machines without stopping, as described in claim 2, is characterized in that: The automatic moving frame (3) is provided with a guide wheel (32) near the annular guide rail (23). The guide wheel (32) is rotatably installed inside the automatic moving frame (3) and rolls with the annular guide rail (23) and the protrusion (24).

4. The advanced geological prediction system applicable to full-face tunnel boring machines without stopping, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that: The mounting groove (12) is configured as a stepped inner groove, and the tunnel wall detector (5) is provided with a protruding structure. An elastic element is provided between the protruding structure and the stepped part in the mounting groove (12). The elastic element can be a spring assembly. The elastic element provides a spring force to the tunnel wall detector (5) to move into the shield machine body (1).

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