Phased array antenna calibration method, device, electronic device, and readable storage medium

Abstract

The present application discloses a phased array antenna calibration method, device, electronic device, and readable storage medium. The method of the present application includes: dividing the phased array antenna into subarrays to obtain multiple subarrays; generating orthogonal coded signals for each subarray, controlling multiple antenna units of the multiple subarrays to radiate the corresponding orthogonal coded signals in a polling manner, and controlling the calibration antenna unit corresponding to each subarray to receive the orthogonal coded signals radiated by the subarray to obtain the corresponding spatially synthesized signal; obtaining a transmit beam response function between the orthogonal coded signal of each subarray and the amplitude and phase errors of the multiple antenna units in the subarray according to the beam synthesis method on the transmitting side of the phased array antenna; and obtaining the amplitude and phase errors corresponding to each antenna unit of each subarray according to the transmit beam response function and the corresponding spatially synthesized signal. The present application does not require complex testing environments and conditions, and calibration tests can be performed during normal use of the phased array, which is convenient and reliable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of phased array calibration, and in particular to a phased array antenna calibration method, device, electronic device, and readable storage medium. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of low-orbit satellites and mobile communication technologies, large-scale array antennas are capable of generating multiple and adaptive beams, with spatial filtering properties that can reduce channel interference and multipath effects while also increasing channel capacity. In array antenna systems, to ensure accurate beam pointing, the amplitude and phase errors of each element channel must be strictly controlled. Satellite terminals are also required to be able to detect and adjust to environmental changes in real time around the clock.

[0003] In practical applications, the performance of phased array multi-beamforming systems is affected by the uncertainty of satellite communication channels, the impact of environmental factors such as temperature and humidity on channel RF circuits, and the performance drift caused by long-term operation. These effects or errors can be attributed to the amplitude and phase errors of the phased array antenna elements, referred to as amplitude and phase errors. Amplitude and phase errors in phased array antenna elements can increase the sidelobes of the beamforming pattern and the directivity error, making research on phased array antenna calibration essential.

[0004] Currently, there are two main methods for calibrating active phased array antennas: external calibration and internal calibration. External calibration requires the installation of a dedicated calibration transmitting antenna and calibration channel outside the antenna array to be calibrated. The distance between the transmitting antenna and the array to be calibrated must meet far-field test conditions for electromagnetic wave transmission. External calibration is generally used for pre-shipment calibration of phased arrays, but these test conditions are not readily available during actual use.

[0005] Internal calibration methods, however, utilize the mutual coupling between antenna elements to measure and calibrate the amplitude and phase of a phased array. Specifically, a specific element in the array is set to transmit signals, while its adjacent antenna element receives them. The remaining elements are then deactivated. Based on the physical definition of mutual coupling, the amplitude and phase distribution of the array aperture can be inferred by analyzing the amplitude and phase information of the receiving antenna element. However, this amplitude and phase estimation method suffers from poor accuracy, making it difficult to meet the calibration requirements of large-scale phased array antennas. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Embodiments of the present application provide a phased array antenna calibration method, device, electronic device, and readable storage medium.

[0007] The embodiments of this application adopt the following technical solutions:

[0008] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a phased array antenna calibration method, comprising:

[0009] Dividing the phased array antenna into subarrays to obtain multiple subarrays, each subarray including multiple antenna units and a calibration antenna unit specifically used for calibrating the phased array antenna;

[0010] Generate an orthogonal coded signal for each subarray, control multiple antenna units of the multiple subarrays to radiate the corresponding orthogonal coded signal in a round-robin manner, and control the calibration antenna unit corresponding to each subarray to receive the orthogonal coded signal radiated by the subarray to obtain a corresponding spatially synthesized signal;

[0011] Obtaining a transmit beam response function between the orthogonal coded signal of each subarray and the amplitude and phase errors of multiple antenna elements in the subarray according to a beamforming method on the transmit side of the phased array antenna;

[0012] According to the transmit beam response function and the corresponding spatially synthesized signal, the amplitude and phase errors corresponding to the antenna elements of each subarray are obtained.

[0013] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a phased array antenna calibration device, comprising:

[0014] A subarray division unit is used to divide the phased array antenna into subarrays to obtain multiple subarrays, each subarray including multiple antenna units and a calibration antenna unit specifically used for phased array antenna calibration;

[0015] a signal processing unit, configured to generate an orthogonal coded signal for each subarray, control multiple antenna units of the multiple subarrays to radiate the corresponding orthogonal coded signals in a round-robin manner, and control the calibration antenna unit corresponding to each subarray to receive the orthogonal coded signal radiated by the subarray to obtain a corresponding spatially synthesized signal;

[0016] A first calculation unit is configured to obtain a transmit beam response function between an orthogonal coded signal of each subarray and amplitude and phase errors of multiple antenna elements in the subarray according to a beamforming method on the transmit side of the phased array antenna;

[0017] The second calculation unit is configured to obtain the amplitude and phase errors corresponding to the antenna elements of each subarray according to the transmit beam response function and the corresponding spatially synthesized signal.

[0018] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, comprising a processor; and a memory arranged to store computer-executable instructions, which, when executed, enable the processor to perform the phased array antenna calibration method of the above embodiment.

[0019] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores one or more programs. When the one or more programs are executed by a processor, the phased array antenna calibration method of the above embodiment is implemented.

[0020] At least one of the above-mentioned technical solutions adopted in the embodiments of the present application can achieve the following beneficial effects: the embodiments of the present application divide a large-scale phased array antenna into multiple sub-arrays, and each sub-array radiates a group of orthogonal coded signals in a polling manner in a time-sharing manner. During the radiation process, the beam synthesis method based on the transmitting side can obtain a transmit beam response function, and the calibration antenna unit based on each sub-array can obtain a spatial synthesis signal corresponding to the orthogonal coded signal radiated by each antenna unit. Since the transmit beam response function and the spatial synthesis signal are both related to the amplitude and phase error, the amplitude and phase error of each antenna unit in each sub-array can be solved by combining the above-mentioned transmit beam response function and the corresponding spatial synthesis signal, and the phased array antenna calibration is achieved based on the amplitude and phase error of each antenna unit.

[0021] This application does not require complex testing environments and conditions, and calibration tests can be performed during normal use of the phased array, which is convenient and reliable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present application and constitute a part of the present application. The illustrative embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0023] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a phased array antenna calibration method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a phased array structure in an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of an iterative optimization process of amplitude and phase errors in an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of a phased array antenna calibration device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of this application more clear, the technical solutions of this application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the specific embodiments of this application and the corresponding drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0029] The following describes in detail the technical solutions provided by various embodiments of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0030] The present application provides a method for calibrating a phased array antenna. Figure 1 As shown, a flow chart of a phased array antenna calibration method according to an embodiment of the present application is provided, wherein the method comprises at least the following steps S110 to S140:

[0031] Step S110 : dividing the phased array antenna into sub-arrays to obtain a plurality of sub-arrays, each sub-array including a plurality of antenna units and a calibration antenna unit specifically used for calibrating the phased array antenna.

[0032] The phased array antenna calibration method of the present application is performed by a calibration system. When the antenna calibration is started, the calibration system divides the phased array antenna into multiple sub-arrays, each of which includes multiple antenna units for signal radiation, and a calibration antenna unit specifically used to calibrate the amplitude and phase errors of the phased array antenna.

[0033] It should be noted that the calibration antenna unit of each subarray is used to receive the signals radiated by multiple antenna units of the subarray. When the phased array antenna is calibrated and put into use, the calibration antenna unit of each subarray does not participate in signal reception and radiation. The calibration antenna unit is only used for calibration of the phased array antenna.

[0034] Step S120: Generate an orthogonal coded signal for each subarray, control multiple antenna units of the multiple subarrays to radiate the corresponding orthogonal coded signal in a round-robin manner, and control the calibration antenna unit corresponding to each subarray to receive the orthogonal coded signal radiated by the subarray to obtain a corresponding spatially synthesized signal.

[0035] Step S130 : obtaining a transmit beam response function between the orthogonal coded signal of each subarray and the amplitude and phase errors of multiple antenna elements in the subarray according to a beamforming method on the transmit side of the phased array antenna.

[0036] Step S140: Obtain amplitude and phase errors corresponding to each antenna unit of each subarray according to the transmit beam response function and the corresponding spatially synthesized signal.

[0037] based on Figure 1As can be seen from the illustrated phased array antenna calibration method, this embodiment divides a large-scale phased array antenna into multiple subarrays. Each subarray radiates a set of orthogonally coded signals in a round-robin manner. During the radiation process, a beamforming method based on the transmitting side can obtain a transmit beam response function. The calibration antenna unit based on each subarray can obtain a spatially synthesized signal corresponding to the orthogonal coded signal radiated by each antenna unit. Since both the transmit beam response function and the spatially synthesized signal are related to the amplitude and phase error, the amplitude and phase error of each antenna unit in each subarray can be solved by combining the above transmit beam response function with the corresponding spatially synthesized signal, and phased array antenna calibration is achieved based on the amplitude and phase error of each antenna unit.

[0038] In one embodiment of the present application, the phased array antenna is divided into sub-arrays to obtain multiple sub-arrays, including:

[0039] Obtaining an array configuration of the phased array antenna;

[0040] Evenly dividing the phased array antenna according to the array configuration of the phased array antenna to obtain a plurality of equally divided sub-arrays;

[0041] An antenna element is selected in each subarray as a calibration antenna element.

[0042] For example, a circular array antenna can be divided into different subarrays for different sectors. Each subarray contains the same antenna elements. Assuming the circular array has 1024 elements, it can be divided into 8 subarrays, each containing 128 elements. The antenna elements consist of antenna units, TR (Transmitter and Receiver) components, and digital modules. The antenna units transmit the constructed orthogonally coded signals. The TR components perform low-noise amplification of the received and radiated signals. The digital modules downconvert, extract, and low-pass filter the digital signals, and generate and recover the baseband signals.

[0043] After the sub-arrays are divided, orthogonal coded signals for each sub-array are generated. A generation method of the present application includes:

[0044] According to the number N of antenna elements included in each subarray, an orthogonal coded signal of length N is generated in a time division manner, where N is a natural number greater than 1;

[0045] The orthogonal coded signal of length N is divided into N parts according to phase, to obtain an orthogonal coded signal for radiation by each antenna unit of the subarray.

[0046] Optionally, the orthogonal coded signal may be a non-sinusoidal orthogonal signal. Figure 2The calibration system control signal generator uses, for example, a Hadamard matrix to construct a calibration signal for each subarray. If the phased array antenna is divided into N subarrays, each subarray includes N antenna elements, and an orthogonal coded signal S is generated for each subarray in a time division manner. k (t)(k=1,2,...,N), and then divide the signal into N parts 2(n-1)(k-1)π / N according to the phase, so as to obtain the orthogonal coded signal radiated by each antenna unit in each subarray.

[0047] The Hadamard matrix is also called the Hadamard matrix. An N-order Hadamard matrix is an N×N bipolar orthogonal matrix with elements of ±1. In practical applications, other methods can also be used to generate orthogonal coded signals.

[0048] The orthogonal coded signal generated in this embodiment is a digital baseband signal. The digital baseband signal of each subarray is sent to the calculation module of the calibration system for subsequent amplitude and phase error calculation. It also undergoes delay processing by the delay filter of the baseband module, phase shifting by the phase shifter, and mixing by the mixer. After processing, it is equalized by the TxDFE (Decision Feedback Equalizer, Tx is the pre-emphasis coefficient) of the RF module of the subarray, converted by the DAC (Digital to Analog Converter), and low-pass filtered by the LPF (Low-pass Filter). The analog signal after the above processing is amplified by the PA (Power Amplifier) and sent to the corresponding antenna unit for radiation.

[0049] Taking the radiation of orthogonal coded signals by N antenna elements of the first sub-array as an example, the calibration antenna element included in the first sub-array receives the orthogonal coded signals radiated by the N antenna elements and synthesizes them to obtain a spatially coded signal.

[0050] like Figure 2 As shown in FIG, when the current subarray is polled to radiate the orthogonal coded signal, the calibration antenna unit included in the current subarray receives the N orthogonal coded signals radiated by it, and after being processed by the ATT (Attenuation, network attenuator), synthesizes them into a spatially synthesized signal. The spatially synthesized signal then passes through the LPF and the ADC (Analog to Digital Converter, analog-to-digital converter) in sequence to obtain a spatially synthesized baseband signal. The calculation module of the calibration system calculates the amplitude and phase errors corresponding to each antenna unit.

[0051] In the above process, the steps for obtaining the spatial synthesis signal are as follows:

[0052] Obtaining the azimuth angle θ of the calibration antenna unit included in each sub-array;

[0053] Obtaining a spatially synthesized signal s(t) received by the calibration antenna unit according to the azimuth angle θ of the calibration antenna unit and the orthogonal coded signals radiated by the N antenna units included in the subarray;

[0054]

[0055] In formula (1), n and k are intermediate variables with a range of [1, N], j is a complex factor, and a n is the amplitude of the orthogonal coded signal radiated by the nth antenna element, e n is the amplitude and phase error of the nth antenna element, s k (t) is the orthogonal coded signal radiated by the t-th antenna element, and t is the time variable.

[0056] According to the mathematical expression of the spatial composite signal s(t), s(t), a n With s k (t) are all known values, e n is the unknown variable to be solved.

[0057] This application is to solve the n A transmit beam response function between the orthogonal coded signal of each subarray and the amplitude and phase errors of multiple antenna units in the subarray is also obtained according to a beam synthesis method on the transmit side of the phased array antenna.

[0058] Specifically, the method is to obtain the number of transmit beams of each sub-array of the phased array antenna and the theoretical value of the complex gain of the antenna unit corresponding to each transmit beam;

[0059] According to the number of transmit beams, the theoretical value of the complex gain of the antenna unit corresponding to each transmit beam and the amplitude and phase error of each antenna unit, a set of equations for the transmit beam response function as shown in equation (2) is obtained.

[0060]

[0061] In formula (2), T k (m)(k=1,2,…,N) is the response function of the mth transmit beam, g(m,n) is the theoretical value of the complex gain of the nth antenna element of the mth transmit beam, and e(m,n) is the amplitude and phase error of the nth antenna element of the mth transmit beam.

[0062] According to the transmit beam response function T k From the mathematical expression of (m), we can see that T k (m), g(m,n) and s k(n) are all known values, and e(m,n) are unknown variables to be solved.

[0063] Among them, e(m,n) in formula (2) and e in formula (1) n These are different representations of amplitude and phase errors, and they are essentially the same.

[0064] Since the calibration signal is designed with orthogonal coding, the amplitude and phase errors of each antenna unit can be solved through simple matrix and iterative operations.

[0065] In one embodiment, the steps for calculating the amplitude and phase errors of each antenna unit are as follows:

[0066] Calculating the amplitude and phase errors corresponding to each antenna element of each subarray according to the transmit beam response function and the corresponding spatially synthesized signal;

[0067] Obtaining a measured complex gain value corresponding to each antenna unit according to the amplitude and phase errors corresponding to each antenna unit;

[0068] Obtaining the difference between the measured complex gain value and the theoretical complex gain value corresponding to the same antenna unit, and constructing an optimization target based on the difference and a set iteration threshold;

[0069] The optimal values of amplitude and phase errors corresponding to each antenna unit are obtained by iterative calculation of the optimization target.

[0070] Combining the above equations (1) and (2), we can see that the spatial synthesis signal s(t) and the orthogonal coding signal s k (t) is related, and after transforming equation (1), we can get the orthogonal coded signal s k (t) About T k (m), g(m,n) and e(m,n), the converted s k The amplitude and phase errors can be calculated by performing coherent detection on s(t) and s(t).

[0071] like Figure 3 As shown, to improve the calculation accuracy of the amplitude and phase errors, this application constructs an optimization target based on the difference between the measured and theoretical complex gain values, and optimizes the calculation of the amplitude and phase errors. For example, the difference between the measured and theoretical complex gain values is compared with a set iteration threshold. When the difference is less than the iteration threshold, the iteration operation is stopped, and the amplitude and phase errors corresponding to the measured complex gain values less than the iteration threshold are used as the optimal values. In this application, the iteration threshold can be set based on the scale of the phased array, the iteration time, and the amplitude and phase error accuracy.

[0072] In this embodiment, the measured complex gain value corresponding to each antenna unit can be obtained based on the design parameters of the phased array antenna. For example, based on the spatial layout of the phased array antenna array, the amplitude and phase of the radiated signal, the theoretical complex gain value can be calculated at a known receiving point using array signal processing theory.

[0073] After obtaining the amplitude and phase errors corresponding to the antenna elements of each subarray, the complex gain of the array channel in the transmit beamforming network may be adjusted according to the obtained amplitude and phase errors corresponding to the antenna elements of each subarray.

[0074] Based on the above embodiments, it can be obtained that the phased array antenna calibration method of the present application divides a large-scale phased array antenna into multiple sub-arrays, each sub-array generates a set of orthogonal coded signals. During calibration, the antenna units of each sub-array perform phase shifting, amplitude compensation, up-conversion, digital-to-analog conversion and other operations, and then radiate the signals of multiple antenna units on a specified beam. The radiated signals are received and synthesized by the calibration antenna unit and then coherently detected with the radiated signals. The amplitude and phase errors of each antenna unit are obtained based on the coherent detection results. In the process of solving the amplitude and phase errors, the complex gain difference is also combined to iteratively optimize the amplitude and phase errors to obtain the final amplitude and phase errors. The present application does not require complex testing environments and conditions, and calibration tests can be performed during normal use of the phased array terminal, which is convenient and reliable.

[0075] The technical concept is the same as that of the phased array antenna calibration method of the aforementioned embodiment. The embodiment of the present application further provides a phased array antenna calibration device for implementing the phased array antenna calibration method of the aforementioned embodiment.

[0076] Figure 4 FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a phased array antenna calibration device according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 4 As shown, the phased array antenna calibration device 400 includes: a sub-array division unit 410, a signal processing unit 420, a first calculation unit 430 and a second calculation unit 440;

[0077] The subarray division unit 410 is configured to divide the phased array antenna into subarrays to obtain a plurality of subarrays, each subarray including a plurality of antenna units and a calibration antenna unit specifically used for calibrating the phased array antenna;

[0078] The signal processing unit 420 is configured to generate an orthogonal coded signal for each subarray, control multiple antenna elements of the multiple subarrays to radiate the corresponding orthogonal coded signals in a round-robin manner, and control the calibration antenna element corresponding to each subarray to receive the orthogonal coded signal radiated by the subarray to obtain a corresponding spatially synthesized signal.

[0079] A first calculation unit 430 is configured to obtain a transmit beam response function between the orthogonal coded signal of each subarray and the amplitude and phase errors of multiple antenna elements in the subarray according to a beamforming method on the transmit side of the phased array antenna;

[0080] The second calculation unit 440 is configured to obtain the amplitude and phase errors corresponding to the antenna elements of each subarray according to the transmit beam response function and the corresponding spatially synthesized signal.

[0081] In some embodiments, the signal processing unit 420 includes a signal generation module, which is used to generate an orthogonal coded signal of length N in a time-division manner according to the number N of antenna units included in each subarray, where N is a natural number greater than 1; and divide the orthogonal coded signal of length N into N parts according to the phase to obtain an orthogonal coded signal for radiation by each antenna unit of the subarray.

[0082] In some embodiments, the signal processing unit 420 further includes a signal synthesis module that obtains an azimuth angle θ of a calibration antenna unit included in each subarray; obtains a spatially synthesized signal s(t) received by the calibration antenna unit based on the azimuth angle θ of the calibration antenna unit and the orthogonal coded signals radiated by the N antenna units included in the subarray;

[0083] in n and k are intermediate variables, ranging from [1, N], j is a complex factor, a n is the amplitude of the orthogonal coded signal radiated by the nth antenna element, e n is the amplitude and phase error of the nth antenna element, s k (t)(k=1,2,...,N) is the orthogonal coded signal radiated by the t-th antenna element, and t is a time variable.

[0084] In some embodiments, the first calculation unit 430 is used to obtain the number of transmit beams of each subarray of the phased array antenna and the theoretical value of the complex gain of the antenna unit corresponding to each transmit beam; based on the number of transmit beams, the theoretical value of the complex gain of the antenna unit corresponding to each transmit beam and the amplitude and phase errors of each antenna unit, a set of equations for the transmit beam response function is obtained.

[0085] In some embodiments, the second calculation unit 440 is used to calculate the amplitude and phase errors corresponding to each antenna unit of each subarray based on the transmit beam response function and the corresponding spatial synthesis signal; obtain the measured complex gain value corresponding to each antenna unit based on the amplitude and phase errors corresponding to each antenna unit; obtain the difference between the measured complex gain value and the theoretical complex gain value corresponding to the same antenna unit, and construct an optimization target based on the difference and a set iteration threshold; and obtain the optimal value of the amplitude and phase error corresponding to each antenna unit through iterative operation of the optimization target.

[0086] In some embodiments, the subarray division unit 410 is specifically used to obtain the array configuration of the phased array antenna; evenly divide the phased array antenna according to the array configuration of the phased array antenna to obtain multiple equally divided subarrays; and select an antenna unit in each subarray as a calibration antenna unit.

[0087] In some embodiments, the phased array antenna calibration device 400 further includes a calibration unit for adjusting the complex gain of the array channel in the transmit beamforming network according to the obtained amplitude and phase errors corresponding to the respective antenna units of each subarray after obtaining the amplitude and phase errors corresponding to the respective antenna units of each subarray.

[0088] It can be understood that the above-mentioned phased array antenna calibration device can implement each step of the phased array antenna calibration method provided in the above-mentioned embodiment. The relevant explanations about the phased array antenna calibration method are applicable to the phased array antenna calibration device and will not be repeated here.

[0089] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. Figure 5 At the hardware level, the electronic device includes a processor and memory, and optionally an internal bus and a network interface. The memory may include internal memory, such as high-speed random-access memory (RAM), and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device. Of course, the electronic device may also include other hardware required for its services.

[0090] The processor, interface module, communication module and memory can be interconnected through an internal bus, which can be an ISA (Industry Standard Architecture) bus, a PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) bus or an EISA (Extended Industry Standard Architecture) bus. The bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of representation, Figure 5 Only one bidirectional arrow is used in the diagram, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

[0091] Memory is used to store computer-executable instructions. The memory provides computer-executable instructions to the processor through an internal bus.

[0092] The processor executes the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory and is specifically used to implement the following operations:

[0093] Dividing the phased array antenna into subarrays to obtain multiple subarrays, each subarray including multiple antenna units and a calibration antenna unit specifically used for calibrating the phased array antenna;

[0094] Generate an orthogonal coded signal for each subarray, control multiple antenna units of the multiple subarrays to radiate the corresponding orthogonal coded signal in a round-robin manner, and control the calibration antenna unit corresponding to each subarray to receive the orthogonal coded signal radiated by the subarray to obtain a corresponding spatially synthesized signal;

[0095] Obtaining a transmit beam response function between the orthogonal coded signal of each subarray and the amplitude and phase errors of multiple antenna elements in the subarray according to a beamforming method on the transmit side of the phased array antenna;

[0096] According to the transmit beam response function and the corresponding spatially synthesized signal, the amplitude and phase errors corresponding to the antenna elements of each subarray are obtained.

[0097] The above application Figure 1 The functions performed by the phased array antenna calibration method disclosed in the illustrated embodiment can be applied to or implemented by a processor. The processor may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. During implementation, each step of the above method can be completed by hardware integrated logic circuits in the processor or by software instructions.

[0098] The present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium that stores one or more programs. When executed by a processor, the one or more programs implement the following operations:

[0099] Dividing the phased array antenna into subarrays to obtain multiple subarrays, each subarray including multiple antenna units and a calibration antenna unit specifically used for calibrating the phased array antenna;

[0100] Generate an orthogonal coded signal for each subarray, control multiple antenna units of the multiple subarrays to radiate the corresponding orthogonal coded signal in a round-robin manner, and control the calibration antenna unit corresponding to each subarray to receive the orthogonal coded signal radiated by the subarray to obtain a corresponding spatially synthesized signal;

[0101] Obtaining a transmit beam response function between the orthogonal coded signal of each subarray and the amplitude and phase errors of multiple antenna elements in the subarray according to a beamforming method on the transmit side of the phased array antenna;

[0102] According to the transmit beam response function and the corresponding spatially synthesized signal, the amplitude and phase errors corresponding to the antenna elements of each subarray are obtained.

[0103] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments of the present application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present application can adopt the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment in combination with software and hardware. Moreover, the present application can adopt the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to magnetic disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) that contain computer-usable program code.

[0104] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to work in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0105] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operational steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable device for implementing the process. Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A step that specifies a function in one or more boxes.

[0106] In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPUs), input / output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.

[0107] Memory may include non-permanent storage in a computer-readable medium, random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory in the form of read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM. Memory is an example of a computer-readable medium.

[0108] Computer-readable media, including both permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media, can be implemented using any method or technology to store information. The information can be computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data. As defined herein, computer-readable media does not include transitory computer-readable media, such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.

[0109] It should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "includes," or any other variations thereof are intended to encompass non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, commodity, or apparatus that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or includes elements inherent to such process, method, commodity, or apparatus. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprises a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, commodity, or apparatus that includes the element.

[0110] It should be understood that although the terms "first," "second," and "third" may be used to describe various types of information in the present invention, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are merely used to distinguish information of the same type from one another. For example, first information may be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may be referred to as first information without departing from the scope of the present invention.

[0111] The above are merely embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various changes and variations. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application should all be included within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A phased array antenna calibration method, characterized in that: The method comprises: Dividing the phased array antenna into subarrays to obtain multiple subarrays, each subarray including multiple antenna units and a calibration antenna unit specifically used for calibrating the phased array antenna; Generate an orthogonal coded signal for each subarray, control multiple antenna units of the multiple subarrays to radiate the corresponding orthogonal coded signal in a round-robin manner, and control the calibration antenna unit corresponding to each subarray to receive the orthogonal coded signal radiated by the subarray to obtain a corresponding spatially synthesized signal; Obtaining a transmit beam response function between the orthogonal coded signal of each subarray and the amplitude and phase errors of multiple antenna elements in the subarray according to a beamforming method on the transmit side of the phased array antenna; Obtaining amplitude and phase errors corresponding to each antenna element of each subarray according to the transmit beam response function and the corresponding spatially synthesized signal; The step of controlling the calibration antenna unit corresponding to each subarray to receive the orthogonal coded signal radiated by the subarray to obtain a corresponding spatially synthesized signal includes: Obtaining the azimuth angle θ of the calibration antenna unit included in each sub-array; Obtaining a spatially synthesized signal s(t) received by the calibration antenna unit according to the azimuth angle θ of the calibration antenna unit and the orthogonal coded signals radiated by the N antenna units included in the subarray; in n and k are intermediate variables, ranging from [1, N], j is a complex factor, a n is the amplitude of the orthogonal coded signal radiated by the nth antenna element, e n is the amplitude and phase error of the nth antenna element, s k (t)(k=1,2,...,N) is the orthogonal coded signal radiated by the kth antenna element, and t is the time variable; Obtaining amplitude and phase errors corresponding to respective antenna elements of each subarray according to the transmit beam response function and the corresponding spatially synthesized signal includes: Calculating the amplitude and phase errors corresponding to each antenna element of each subarray according to the transmit beam response function and the corresponding spatially synthesized signal; Obtaining a measured complex gain value corresponding to each antenna unit according to the amplitude and phase errors corresponding to each antenna unit; Obtaining the difference between the measured complex gain value and the theoretical complex gain value corresponding to the same antenna unit, and constructing an optimization target based on the difference and a set iteration threshold; Obtaining the optimal amplitude and phase error values corresponding to each antenna unit by iterative calculation of the optimization target; After obtaining the amplitude and phase errors corresponding to each antenna element of each subarray, the following steps are also performed: The complex gain of the array channel in the transmit beamforming network is adjusted according to the obtained amplitude and phase errors corresponding to each antenna unit of each subarray.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Generating orthogonal coded signals for each sub-array includes: According to the number N of antenna elements included in each subarray, an orthogonal coded signal of length N is generated in a time division manner, where N is a natural number greater than 1; The orthogonal coded signal of length N is divided into N parts according to phase, to obtain an orthogonal coded signal for radiation by each antenna unit of the subarray.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of obtaining a transmit beam response function between an orthogonal coded signal of each subarray and amplitude and phase errors of multiple antenna elements in the subarray according to a beamforming method on the transmit side of the phased array antenna includes: Obtain the number of transmit beams of each sub-array of the phased array antenna and the theoretical value of the complex gain of the antenna unit corresponding to each transmit beam; A set of equations for a transmit beam response function is obtained based on the number of transmit beams, a theoretical value of the complex gain of an antenna unit corresponding to each transmit beam, and an amplitude and phase error of each antenna unit.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein The phased array antenna is divided into sub-arrays to obtain multiple sub-arrays, including: Obtaining an array configuration of the phased array antenna; Evenly dividing the phased array antenna according to the array configuration of the phased array antenna to obtain a plurality of equally divided sub-arrays; An antenna element is selected in each subarray as a calibration antenna element.

5. A phased array antenna calibration device, characterized in that: The device comprises: A subarray division unit is used to divide the phased array antenna into subarrays to obtain multiple subarrays, each subarray including multiple antenna units and a calibration antenna unit specifically used for phased array antenna calibration; a signal processing unit, configured to generate an orthogonal coded signal for each subarray, control multiple antenna units of the multiple subarrays to radiate the corresponding orthogonal coded signals in a round-robin manner, and control the calibration antenna unit corresponding to each subarray to receive the orthogonal coded signal radiated by the subarray to obtain a corresponding spatially synthesized signal; A first calculation unit is configured to obtain a transmit beam response function between an orthogonal coded signal of each subarray and amplitude and phase errors of multiple antenna elements in the subarray according to a beamforming method on the transmit side of the phased array antenna; A second calculation unit is configured to obtain an amplitude and phase error corresponding to each antenna element of each subarray according to the transmit beam response function and the corresponding spatially synthesized signal; The step of controlling the calibration antenna unit corresponding to each subarray to receive the orthogonal coded signal radiated by the subarray to obtain a corresponding spatially synthesized signal includes: Obtaining the azimuth angle θ of the calibration antenna unit included in each sub-array; Obtaining a spatially synthesized signal s(t) received by the calibration antenna unit according to the azimuth angle θ of the calibration antenna unit and the orthogonal coded signals radiated by the N antenna units included in the subarray; in n and k are intermediate variables, ranging from [1, N], j is a complex factor, a n is the amplitude of the orthogonal coded signal radiated by the nth antenna element, e n is the amplitude and phase error of the nth antenna element, s k (t)(k=1,2,...,N) is the orthogonal coded signal radiated by the kth antenna element, and t is the time variable; Obtaining amplitude and phase errors corresponding to respective antenna elements of each subarray according to the transmit beam response function and the corresponding spatially synthesized signal includes: Calculating the amplitude and phase errors corresponding to each antenna element of each subarray according to the transmit beam response function and the corresponding spatially synthesized signal; Obtaining a measured complex gain value corresponding to each antenna unit according to the amplitude and phase errors corresponding to each antenna unit; Obtaining the difference between the measured complex gain value and the theoretical complex gain value corresponding to the same antenna unit, and constructing an optimization target based on the difference and a set iteration threshold; Obtaining the optimal amplitude and phase error values corresponding to each antenna unit by iterative calculation of the optimization target; After obtaining the amplitude and phase errors corresponding to each antenna element of each subarray, the following steps are also performed: The complex gain of the array channel in the transmit beamforming network is adjusted according to the obtained amplitude and phase errors corresponding to each antenna unit of each subarray.

6. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: processor; as well as A memory arranged to store computer executable instructions, which when executed cause the processor to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 4.

7. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium stores one or more programs, and when the one or more programs are executed by a processor, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is implemented.

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