River dredging and purifying device and method

Abstract

The application relates to a river channel dredging and purifying device and a dredging method, and relates to the field of river channel management, to solve the problem of low dredging efficiency of the existing dredging device, wherein the river channel dredging and purifying device comprises a transport vehicle provided with a dredging pipe, a dredging assembly is arranged on the dredging pipe, a driving assembly for driving the dredging pipe to be raised or lowered is arranged on the transport vehicle, a dredging assembly is arranged on the dredging pipe, the dredging assembly comprises a dredging cover and a dredging scraping piece, the dredging cover is arranged on the dredging pipe and communicates with a dredging inlet of the dredging pipe, the bottom of the dredging cover movably abuts against the bottom of the river channel, the dredging scraping piece is arranged in the interior of the dredging cover, and the dredging scraping piece is used for pushing the sludge in the dredging cover to one end close to the dredging inlet. The application has the effect of pushing the sludge in the dredging cover to the dredging inlet of the dredging pipe through the dredging scraping piece, increasing the range of sludge extraction of the dredging pipe, and improving the dredging efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of river management, and in particular to a river dredging and purification device and dredging method. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the large-scale dumping of domestic waste, industrial waste, and construction debris into rivers has led to water pollution, significantly impacting the aquatic ecosystem. Furthermore, over time, silt and debris accumulate on the riverbed. If this silt and debris are not cleaned regularly, they emit pungent odors, affecting the surrounding environment and the daily lives of local residents. Therefore, periodic dredging operations are necessary to maintain the river's ecological environment.

[0003] Existing river dredging methods typically involve transporting sewage suction pipes to the riverbank using transport vehicles. The inlet of the suction pipe is then extended to the bottom of the river, and a suction machine on the pipe is activated to simultaneously extract silt and sewage. The silt is then filtered, and the filtered water is returned to the river. The sludge is loaded onto transport vehicles and transported to a designated location. This method can solve the problem of obstructed river flow caused by long-term accumulation of silt and garbage, thereby maintaining the ecological environment of the river.

[0004] Regarding the aforementioned technologies, the inventors have discovered the following drawbacks: the inlet of the sludge suction pipe is usually small, and when pumping sludge, only the sludge near the inlet of the suction pipe can be pumped out. It is necessary to increase the pumping range by moving the position of the suction pipe, which is complicated and results in low sludge removal efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to improve the efficiency of dredging devices, this application provides a river dredging and purification device and a dredging method.

[0006] This application provides a river dredging and purification device, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A river dredging and purification device includes a transport vehicle equipped with a sludge suction pipe, a sludge suction assembly on the sludge suction pipe, a drive assembly on the transport vehicle for raising or lowering the sludge suction pipe, a sludge collection assembly on the sludge suction pipe, the sludge collection assembly including a sludge collection hood and a sludge scraper, the sludge collection hood being disposed on the sludge suction pipe and communicating with the sludge inlet of the sludge suction pipe, the bottom of the sludge collection hood being movably in contact with the bottom of the river, and the sludge scraper being disposed inside the sludge collection hood for pushing the sludge inside the sludge collection hood toward the end closer to the sludge inlet.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, when dredging the river, the transport vehicle is parked at the riverbank, and the inlet of the sludge suction pipe is lowered to the bottom of the river by the drive component. At this time, the sludge collection hood comes into contact with the bottom of the river, and the sludge suction component is used to extract the sludge and discharge it from the sludge suction pipe. At the same time, the sludge scraper pushes the sludge towards the end near the sludge suction pipe inlet, thereby increasing the dredging range of the sludge suction pipe and improving the dredging efficiency.

[0009] Optionally, the sludge collection hood is rotatably connected to the sludge suction pipe, and the rotation axis of the sludge collection hood is horizontally arranged. During the movement of the sludge suction pipe, the sludge collection hood rotates, and when the sludge suction pipe moves to its highest position, the upper surface of the sludge collection hood abuts against the outer peripheral wall of the sludge suction pipe.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, when the sewage suction pipe is retracted onto the transport vehicle, the sewage collection hood rotates simultaneously. When the sewage suction pipe moves to its highest position, the sewage collection hood abuts against the outer peripheral wall of the sewage suction pipe, completing the retraction of the sewage collection hood. This facilitates the storage and transportation of the sewage suction pipe.

[0011] Optionally, the sludge collection hood is provided with a circular gear arranged coaxially with its rotation axis, and the transport vehicle is provided with a rack that meshes with the circular gear. When the sludge suction pipe is rotated to a horizontal position, the lower surface of the sludge collection hood abuts against the outer peripheral wall of the sludge suction pipe.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, during the movement of the sewage suction pipe, the gear on the sewage collection hood meshes with the rack on the transport vehicle, which can drive the sewage collection hood to rotate. The structure is simple and the sewage collection hood is relatively stable during rotation. When the gear disengages from the rack, the sewage collection hood abuts against the support block, thereby making the sewage collection hood horizontal. When the sewage collection hood contacts the bottom of the river, it can limit a larger dredging area and improve the dredging effect.

[0013] Optionally, the drive assembly includes a linear drive component and a positioning component. The positioning component is disposed on the transport vehicle. A groove is formed on the sewage suction pipe along its axial direction. The positioning component is slidably adapted to the groove. The linear drive component drives the sewage suction pipe to move along its axial direction.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the linear drive component drives the sludge suction pipe to move along its axial direction. During the movement of the sludge suction pipe, the positioning component is always located in the groove on the sludge suction pipe, which makes the sludge suction pipe more stable during the sliding process. Thus, when the sludge suction pipe moves to the appropriate position, it can stably realize the transportation of sludge.

[0015] Optionally, the scraping component includes a scraper and a reciprocating screw. The scraper is slidably connected between the inner walls of both sides of the sludge collection hood along the length of the sludge collection hood. The reciprocating screw is rotatably connected to the sludge collection hood. The rotation axis of the reciprocating screw is the same as the movement direction of the scraper. The reciprocating screw passes through the scraper and is threadedly connected to the scraper. When the sludge collection hood is set horizontally, the sludge suction assembly is activated to drive the reciprocating screw to rotate.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, when the sludge collection hood rotates to the horizontal position, the sludge suction pipe moves downward and comes into contact with the bottom of the river. The sludge collection hood also comes into contact with the bottom of the river. At this time, the sludge suction component starts and drives the reciprocating screw to rotate, which in turn drives the sludge scraper to slide back and forth between the inner walls on both sides of the sludge collection hood. When the sludge scraper moves, it can push the sludge towards the end closer to the sludge suction pipe, thereby increasing the sludge suction pipe's cleaning range. Moreover, the rotation of the reciprocating screw does not require an additional power mechanism, saving costs during equipment manufacturing.

[0017] Optionally, the sludge suction assembly includes a spiral conveying roller and a rotary motor. The spiral conveying roller is rotatably connected to the sludge suction pipe on a coaxial axis. The rotary motor is located at the end of the sludge suction pipe away from the sludge inlet. The spiral conveying roller is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the rotary motor on a coaxial axis. A first bevel gear is coaxially arranged at the end of the spiral conveying roller away from the rotary motor, and a second bevel gear is coaxially arranged at the end of the reciprocating screw near the sludge inlet. The first bevel gear and the second bevel gear are movably meshed.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, when the sludge collection hood rotates to the horizontal position, the second bevel gear on the reciprocating screw meshes with the first bevel gear on the spiral conveying roller. When the rotary motor drives the spiral conveying roller to rotate, it drives the first bevel gear to rotate, and the second bevel gear rotates accordingly, which in turn drives the reciprocating screw to rotate, thereby realizing the movement of the sludge scraper. Moreover, the rotation of the spiral conveying roller and the rotation of the reciprocating screw are linked, making the overall structure of the device simpler and reducing manufacturing costs.

[0019] Optionally, a connecting plate is rotatably connected to the side of the scraper blade near the inlet. The rotation axis of the connecting plate is parallel to the rotation axis of the connecting cover. Several limiting components are provided on the inner wall of the sludge collection cover along the movement direction of the scraper blade. When the scraper blade moves away from the inlet, the limiting components drive the connecting plate to rotate.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the movement of the scraper can drive the connecting plate to move, thereby pushing the silt at the bottom of the river and bringing the silt in the sludge collection hood closer to the sludge inlet of the suction pipe, which facilitates sludge removal. When the scraper is reset, the limiting component drives the connecting plate to rotate, preventing the silt from being pushed back and affecting the silt removal effect.

[0021] Optionally, the limiting component includes a limiting block and an elastic element. The inner wall of the sludge collection hood is provided with a slot that is compatible with the limiting block. The elastic element is used to push one end of the limiting block out of the slot. The limiting block has an inclined surface on the side away from the sludge inlet. The connecting plate is in movable contact with the inclined surface.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, when the scraper moves towards the end closer to the sewage inlet, the scraper causes the connecting plate to contact the inclined surface of the limiting block, thereby pushing the limiting block to compress the elastic element into the slot, so that the connecting plate can push the sludge to move. When the scraper moves away from the sewage inlet, after the connecting plate contacts the limiting block, the limiting plate rotates. There is a gap between the bottom of the limiting plate and the bottom of the river, which can avoid the problem of sludge being pushed back. The structure is simple and the effect is good.

[0023] Optionally, the transport vehicle is also equipped with a movable base for driving the sewage suction pipe to move horizontally.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, after the sludge is extracted from a certain area by the sludge suction pipe, the position of the sludge suction pipe and the sludge collection hood can be moved by moving the base, so that other areas can be cleaned. The operation is convenient and the efficiency of sludge removal is further improved.

[0025] This application also provides a dredging method for a river dredging and purification device, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0026] A dredging method using a river dredging and purification device includes the following steps:

[0027] Step 1: Start the linear drive to drive the sewage suction pipe down. The gear on the sewage collection hood meshes with the rack on the transport vehicle. The sewage collection hood rotates until it contacts the support block, so that the sewage collection hood is set horizontally. The sewage suction pipe continues to descend and comes into contact with the bottom of the river.

[0028] Step 2: When the sludge collection hood rotates to the horizontal position, the second bevel gear at the end of the reciprocating screw and the first bevel gear at the end of the spiral conveying roller mesh. The rotary motor drives the spiral conveying roller to rotate, which in turn drives the reciprocating screw to rotate, thereby driving the scraper and connecting plate to move, bringing the sludge in the sludge collection hood closer to the end near the sludge inlet.

[0029] Step 3: When the scraper blade resets, it drives the connecting plate to move. The connecting plate contacts the limit block, which drives the connecting plate to rotate, thus preventing the sludge from being pushed back.

[0030] In summary, this application includes at least the following beneficial technical effects:

[0031] When dredging a river, the transport vehicle is first parked at the riverbank. The drive assembly lowers the inlet of the sludge suction pipe to the bottom of the river. At this point, the sludge collection hood comes into contact with the bottom of the river. The sludge suction assembly then extracts the sludge and discharges it from the sludge suction pipe. Simultaneously, the scraper pushes the sludge towards the end of the sludge suction pipe that is close to the inlet, thereby increasing the dredging range of the sludge suction pipe and improving the efficiency of dredging.

[0032] When the sludge suction pipe is retracted onto the transport vehicle, the sludge collection hood rotates simultaneously. When the sludge suction pipe moves to its highest position, the sludge collection hood abuts against the outer wall of the sludge suction pipe, completing the retraction of the sludge collection hood and facilitating the storage of the sludge suction pipe. When the sludge suction pipe moves downward, the sludge collection hood opens, facilitating sludge removal. There is no need to manually control the sludge collection hood, making it more convenient to use.

[0033] When the sludge collection hood rotates to the horizontal position, the second bevel gear on the reciprocating screw meshes with the first bevel gear on the screw conveyor roller. When the rotary motor drives the screw conveyor roller to rotate, it drives the first bevel gear to rotate, and the second bevel gear rotates accordingly, which in turn drives the reciprocating screw to rotate, thus realizing the movement of the sludge scraper. The rotation of the reciprocating screw does not require an additional power mechanism, saving costs during equipment manufacturing. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a first-view overall structural diagram of an embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure from a second perspective of an embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of line AA in the middle;

[0037] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Enlarged schematic diagram of section B in the middle.

[0038] Reference numerals: 1. Transport vehicle; 11. Rack; 12. Movable base; 2. Sludge suction pipe; 3. Sludge suction assembly; 31. Spiral conveyor roller; 32. Rotary motor; 33. First bevel gear; 4. Drive assembly; 41. Linear drive component; 42. Positioning component; 5. Sludge collection assembly; 51. Sludge collection hood; 511. Circular gear; 512. Slot; 52. Sludge scraper; 521. Sludge scraper; 522. Reciprocating lead screw; 523. Connecting plate; 524. Second bevel gear; 6. Limiting assembly; 61. Limiting block; 611. Inclined surface; 62. Elastic component. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-4 This application will be described in further detail.

[0040] This application discloses a river dredging and purification device.

[0041] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 A river dredging and purification device includes a transport vehicle 1, a sludge suction pipe 2, a sludge suction assembly 3, a drive assembly 4, a sludge collection assembly 5, and a limiting assembly 6. The drive assembly 4 drives the sludge suction pipe 2 to rise or fall on the transport vehicle 1, facilitating the extension of the sludge suction pipe 2 to the bottom of the river. The sludge collection assembly 5 includes a sludge collection hood 51 and a sludge scraper 52. The sludge collection hood 51 is installed on the sludge suction pipe 2, defining a certain dredging range at the bottom of the river. The sludge scraper 52 pushes the sludge in the sludge collection hood 51 toward the end closer to the sludge inlet of the sludge suction pipe 2. The sludge suction assembly 3 then enables the sludge suction pipe 2 to extract the sludge from the bottom of the river. The limiting assembly 6 prevents the sludge scraper 52 from pushing the sludge in the sludge collection hood 51 away from the sludge inlet of the sludge suction pipe 2.

[0042] Reference Figure 1 To enable the sewage suction pipe 2 to move on the transport vehicle 1, a rodless cylinder is horizontally mounted on the transport vehicle 1. A movable base 12 is provided on the output shaft of the rodless cylinder. The sewage suction pipe 2 is mounted on the movable base 12. When the rodless cylinder is activated, the position of the sewage suction pipe 2 changes on the horizontal plane. When the transport vehicle 1 stops, the movement direction of the movable base 12 is the same as the length direction of the river channel, so that the sewage suction pipe 2 can be driven to move along the length direction of the river channel by activating the rodless cylinder.

[0043] Reference Figure 1 The movable base 12 is inclined on the side closest to the river. To drive the sewage suction pipe 2 so that its inlet extends to the bottom of the river, the drive assembly 4 includes a linear drive component 41 and a positioning component 42. The positioning component 42 is fixedly connected to the movable base 12. A sliding groove is provided on the sewage suction pipe 2 along its axial direction. The positioning component 42 is slidably adapted to the sliding groove to improve the stability of the sewage suction pipe 2 during movement. In this embodiment, the linear drive component 41 is a cylinder. The piston rod of the cylinder is parallel to the axis of the sewage suction pipe 2. The piston rod of the cylinder is fixedly connected to the sewage suction pipe 2. Activating the cylinder pushes the sewage suction pipe 2, which can move the sewage suction pipe 2 on the movable base 12 to achieve raising or lowering.

[0044] Reference Figure 2-4 To increase the sludge removal range of the suction pipe 2, the sludge collection assembly 5 includes a sludge collection hood 51 and a sludge scraper 52. The sludge collection hood 51 is rotatably connected to the suction pipe 2 and communicates with the sludge inlet of the suction pipe 2. The rotation axis of the sludge collection hood 51 is set horizontally. The sludge collection hood 51 rotates during the movement of the suction pipe 2 as it rises or falls.

[0045] To ensure stable rotation of the sludge collection hood 51, a circular gear 511 coaxially arranged with its rotation axis is fixedly connected to the sludge collection hood 51. A rack 11 that meshes with the circular gear 511 is fixedly connected to the movable base 12. When the sludge suction pipe 2 is at its highest position, the upper surface of the sludge collection hood 51 abuts against the outer peripheral wall of the sludge suction pipe 2. When the sludge suction pipe 2 descends, the sludge collection hood 51 rotates due to the meshing of the circular gear 511 and the rack 11 until the sludge collection hood 51 rotates to the horizontal direction, at which point the circular gear 511 disengages from the rack 11, and the sludge collection hood 51 rests on the sludge suction pipe 2.

[0046] When the sludge collection hood 51 rotates to a horizontal position, the cylinder continues to push the sludge suction pipe 2 down, so that the bottom end of the sludge suction pipe 2 extends to the bottom of the river channel, at which point the bottom of the sludge collection hood 51 comes into contact with the bottom of the river channel.

[0047] To extract silt from the bottom of the river, the sludge extraction assembly 3 includes a spiral conveying roller 31 and a rotary motor 32. The spiral conveying roller 31 is coaxially rotatably connected to the sludge extraction pipe 2. The rotary motor 32 is fixedly installed at the end of the sludge extraction pipe 2 away from the sludge inlet. The spiral conveying roller 31 is coaxially fixedly connected to the output shaft of the rotary motor 32. When the rotary motor 32 is started, it drives the spiral conveying roller 31 to rotate, thereby enabling the silt to be transported in the sludge extraction pipe 2. A sludge discharge port is opened on the outer peripheral wall of the end of the sludge extraction pipe 2 near the rotary motor 32, which can discharge the silt transported by the sludge extraction pipe 2.

[0048] To move the sludge inside the sludge collection hood 51 toward the inlet of the suction pipe 2, a first bevel gear 33 is coaxially fixedly connected to the end of the spiral conveying roller 31 away from the rotary motor 32. The scraping component 52 includes a scraping plate 521 and a reciprocating screw 522. The scraping plate 521 is slidably connected between the inner walls of both sides of the sludge collection hood 51 along its length. The reciprocating screw 522 is rotatably connected to the sludge collection hood 51, and the rotation axis of the reciprocating screw 522 is parallel to that of the scraping plate 521. The reciprocating screw 522 moves in the same direction as the scraper 521 and is threadedly connected to the scraper 521. A second bevel gear 524 is coaxially arranged at one end of the reciprocating screw 522 near the inlet. When the sludge collection hood 51 is horizontally arranged, the first bevel gear 33 and the second bevel gear 524 mesh. When the spiral conveyor roller 31 rotates, it drives the first bevel gear 33 to rotate, and the second bevel gear 524 rotates accordingly, which in turn drives the reciprocating screw 522 to rotate, thereby realizing the movement of the scraper 521.

[0049] A connecting plate 523 is rotatably connected to the side of the scraper 521 near the inlet. The rotation axis of the connecting plate 523 is parallel to the rotation axis of the connecting cover. When the scraper 521 moves towards the inlet, it drives the connecting plate 523 to push the sludge. Several limiting components 6 are provided on the inner wall of the sludge collection cover 51 along the movement direction of the scraper 521. When the scraper 521 moves away from the inlet, the limiting components 6 drive the connecting plate 523 to rotate. 6 includes a limiting block 61 and an elastic member 62. The inner wall of the sludge collection cover 51 is provided with a slot 512 that is adapted to be inserted into the limiting block 61. The elastic member 62 is used to push one end of the limiting block 61 out of the slot 512. In this embodiment, the elastic member 62 is a spring. In order to prevent the limiting block 61 from affecting the connecting plate 523 to move closer to the sludge inlet, the limiting block 61 is provided with an inclined surface 611 on the side away from the sludge inlet. The connecting plate 523 is in movable contact with the inclined surface 611.

[0050] This application also discloses a dredging method for a river dredging and purification device.

[0051] A dredging method using a river dredging and purification device includes the following steps:

[0052] Step 1: Start the linear drive 41 to drive the sewage suction pipe 2 to descend. The gear on the sewage collection hood 51 meshes with the rack 11 on the transport vehicle 1. The sewage collection hood 51 rotates until it contacts the support block, so that the sewage collection hood 51 is set horizontally. The sewage suction pipe 2 continues to descend and comes into contact with the bottom of the river.

[0053] Step 2: When the sludge collection hood 51 rotates to the horizontal direction, the second bevel gear 524 at the end of the reciprocating screw 522 and the first bevel gear 33 at the end of the spiral conveying roller 31 mesh. The rotary motor 32 drives the spiral conveying roller 31 to rotate, which in turn drives the reciprocating screw 522 to rotate, thereby driving the scraper 521 and the connecting plate 523 to move, bringing the sludge in the sludge collection hood 51 closer to the end near the sludge inlet.

[0054] Step 3: When the scraper 521 is reset, the scraper 521 drives the connecting plate 523 to move. The connecting plate 523 contacts the limiting block 61, thereby driving the connecting plate 523 to rotate and preventing the sludge from being pushed back.

[0055] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A river dredging and purification device, comprising a transport vehicle (1) equipped with a sludge suction pipe (2), wherein a sludge suction assembly (3) is provided on the sludge suction pipe (2), characterized in that: The transport vehicle (1) is equipped with a drive assembly (4) for driving the sewage suction pipe (2) to rise or fall. The sewage suction pipe (2) is equipped with a sewage collection assembly (5). The sewage collection assembly (5) includes a sewage collection hood (51) and a sewage scraper (52). The sewage collection hood (51) is installed on the sewage suction pipe (2) and is connected to the sewage inlet of the sewage suction pipe (2). The bottom of the sewage collection hood (51) is in contact with the bottom of the river. The sewage scraper (52) is installed inside the sewage collection hood (51) and is used to push the silt inside the sewage collection hood (51) toward the end closer to the sewage inlet. The sludge collection hood (51) is rotatably connected to the sludge suction pipe (2). The rotation axis of the sludge collection hood (51) is set horizontally. During the movement of the sludge suction pipe (2), the sludge collection hood (51) rotates. When the sludge suction pipe (2) moves to the highest position, the upper surface of the sludge collection hood (51) abuts against the outer peripheral wall of the sludge suction pipe (2). The sludge collection hood (51) is provided with a circular gear (511) arranged on the same axis as its rotation axis. The transport vehicle (1) is provided with a rack (11) that meshes with the circular gear (511). When the sludge suction pipe (2) rotates to the horizontal position, the lower surface of the sludge collection hood (51) abuts against the outer peripheral wall of the sludge suction pipe (2).

2. The river dredging and purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive assembly (4) includes a linear drive (41) and a positioning component (42). The positioning component (42) is mounted on the transport vehicle (1). A groove is provided on the sewage suction pipe (2) along its axial direction. The positioning component (42) is slidably adapted to the groove. The linear drive (41) drives the sewage suction pipe (2) to move along its axial direction.

3. The river dredging and purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The scraping component (52) includes a scraping plate (521) and a reciprocating screw (522). The scraping plate (521) is slidably connected between the inner walls of the two sides of the sludge collection hood (51) along the length direction of the sludge collection hood (51). The reciprocating screw (522) is rotatably connected to the sludge collection hood (51). The rotation axis of the reciprocating screw (522) is the same as the movement direction of the scraping plate (521). The reciprocating screw (522) passes through the scraping plate (521) and is threadedly connected to the scraping plate (521). When the sludge collection hood (51) is set horizontally, the sludge suction component (3) is started to drive the reciprocating screw (522) to rotate.

4. The river dredging and purification device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sludge suction assembly (3) includes a spiral conveying roller (31) and a rotary motor (32). The spiral conveying roller (31) is rotatably connected to the sludge suction pipe (2) on the same axis. The rotary motor (32) is located at the end of the sludge suction pipe (2) away from the sludge inlet. The spiral conveying roller (31) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the rotary motor (32) on the same axis. A first bevel gear (33) is coaxially arranged at the end of the spiral conveying roller (31) away from the rotary motor (32). A second bevel gear (524) is coaxially arranged at the end of the reciprocating screw (522) near the sludge inlet. The first bevel gear (33) and the second bevel gear (524) are in movably meshed.

5. A river dredging and purification device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The scraper (521) is rotatably connected to a connecting plate (523) on the side near the inlet. The rotation axis of the connecting plate (523) is parallel to the rotation axis of the connecting cover. Several limiting components (6) are provided on the inner wall of the sludge collection cover (51) along the movement direction of the scraper (521). When the scraper (521) moves away from the inlet, the limiting components (6) drive the connecting plate (523) to rotate.

6. The river dredging and purification device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The limiting component (6) includes a limiting block (61) and an elastic member (62). The inner wall of the sludge collection hood (51) is provided with a slot (512) that is compatible with the limiting block (61). The elastic member (62) is used to push one end of the limiting block (61) out of the slot (512). The limiting block (61) has an inclined surface (611) on the side away from the sludge inlet. The connecting plate (523) is in movable contact with the inclined surface (611).

7. The river dredging and purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transport vehicle (1) is also equipped with a movable base (12) for driving the sewage suction pipe (2) to move in the horizontal direction.

8. A dredging method for a river dredging and purification device, characterized in that: Based on the river dredging and purification device as described in any one of claims 1-7, the dredging method of the river dredging and purification device includes the following steps: Step 1: Start the linear drive (41) to drive the sewage suction pipe (2) to descend. The gear on the sewage collection hood (51) meshes with the rack (11) on the transport vehicle (1). The sewage collection hood (51) rotates until it contacts the support block, so that the sewage collection hood (51) is set horizontally. The sewage suction pipe (2) continues to descend and comes into contact with the bottom of the river. Step 2: When the sludge collection hood (51) rotates to the horizontal direction, the second bevel gear (524) at the end of the reciprocating screw (522) and the first bevel gear (33) at the end of the spiral conveying roller (31) mesh. The rotary motor (32) drives the spiral conveying roller (31) to rotate, which in turn drives the reciprocating screw (522) to rotate, thereby driving the scraper (521) and the connecting plate (523) to move, bringing the sludge in the sludge collection hood (51) closer to the end near the sludge inlet. Step 3: When the scraper (521) is reset, the scraper (521) drives the connecting plate (523) to move. The connecting plate (523) contacts the limit block (61), thereby driving the connecting plate (523) to rotate and preventing the sludge from being pushed back.

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