A power generation and heating control system

Abstract

This invention provides a power generation and heating control system, comprising: a heat source station, a long-distance pipeline network system, a terminal heat exchange station, a thermal power generation system, a power generation and heating dispatch control system, and a power grid system. The heat source station includes: a long-distance circulating pump, a heat source water pump, a primary station large temperature difference heat pump, a high-temperature extraction device, and a primary station thermoelectric co-generation device. The long-distance pipeline network system includes a long-distance supply water pipe and a long-distance return water pipe. This invention allows for a lower return water temperature, further reducing the circulation volume of the long-distance network, reducing the pipe diameter, and significantly lowering the cost of long-distance heating. The lower return water temperature facilitates the direct utilization of low-grade waste heat, increasing the proportion of zero-carbon energy in heating. The heat network and the power grid mutually regulate peak loads, achieving zero-cost peak regulation. It avoids suppressing green electricity grid connection during periods of low electricity demand and absorbs a large amount of green electricity into the grid, helping the power system achieve its carbon reduction goals while also reducing heating costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of combined heat and power (CHP), specifically to a power generation and heating control system. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, carbon emissions from fossil fuel consumption, especially electricity consumption, are enormous. Furthermore, carbon emissions from centralized heating in northern my country, particularly from direct coal combustion, account for a significant proportion. However, the key to achieving zero-carbon heating is to fully utilize heating demand, requiring low-grade energy sources and a load variation cycle that is opposite to the grid trend throughout the day. Therefore, a "zero-carbon" heating model should be implemented, utilizing low-grade waste heat resources as the primary heating source, supplemented by green electricity, and incorporating thermal energy storage technologies.

[0003] Traditional electric compressor air conditioners and heat pumps were initially widely used in the refrigeration field. However, with increasing demands for energy conservation and environmental protection, research has gradually begun to explore how to utilize low-temperature waste heat, such as air source heat pumps (e.g., ground source heat pumps), wastewater source heat pumps, drying heat pumps, and water source heat pumps that combine with solar energy. There is also considerable research on using water source heat pumps to directly apply low-grade industrial waste heat to the heating sector.

[0004] However, traditional electric compression heat pumps are limited to the refrigeration field, and their design philosophy deviates significantly from heating needs. Existing compression heating heat pumps are also limited to small-scale applications and cannot be optimized from a holistic perspective of the heating industry. The challenge in combining electric compression heat pumps with long-distance heating with large temperature differences lies in matching the characteristics of electric compression heat pumps with the applications of long-distance transmission and large temperature differences.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need in the existing technology for a solution that meets the requirements of large-scale long-distance heating systems, can achieve zero-carbon heating through green electric drive, and can achieve mutual peak shaving. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a power generation and heating control system, comprising: a heat source station, a long-distance pipeline network system, a terminal heat exchange station, a thermal power generation system, a power generation and heating dispatch control system, and a power grid system.

[0007] Heat source stations, including:

[0008] The first station large temperature difference heat pump is connected to the outlet of the heat source water pump, the inlet of the long-distance circulation pump, and the power generation and heating distribution control system. The first station large temperature difference heat pump is one or more of the following: electric compression large temperature difference heat pump unit, absorption large temperature difference heat pump unit, or electric absorption composite large temperature difference heat pump unit.

[0009] Long-distance circulating pumps; and

[0010] Heat source water pump,

[0011] The inlet of the heat source water pump is connected to the industrial waste heat source, the outlet of the heat source water pump is connected to the heat source water inlet of the first station large temperature difference heat pump, the heat source water outlet of the first station large temperature difference heat pump is connected to the inlet of the long-distance circulation pump, and the return water outlet of the first station large temperature difference heat pump is connected to the industrial waste heat source.

[0012] Long-distance pipeline network system, including:

[0013] Long-distance water supply pipelines; and

[0014] Long-axis return water pipe;

[0015] The inlet of the long-distance water supply pipe is connected to the outlet of the long-distance circulating pump, and the outlet of the long-axis return water pipe is connected to the return water inlet of the first station's large temperature difference heat pump.

[0016] The terminal heat exchange station is connected to the outlet of the long-distance water supply pipeline, the inlet of the long-axis network return water pipeline, the green energy collection system, and the end users;

[0017] Thermal power generation system;

[0018] A power generation and heating distribution control system, connected to the green energy acquisition system and the thermal power generation system, is used to distribute the load of the thermal power generation system and the electric compression large temperature difference heat pump unit; and

[0019] The power grid system, through which both the thermal power generation system and the green energy collection system are connected to end users.

[0020] The heat source station also includes:

[0021] The high-temperature extraction device is connected to the long-distance circulating pump of the first station's large temperature difference heat pump.

[0022] The heat source station also includes:

[0023] The high-temperature extraction device is connected to the long-distance circulating pump of the first station's large temperature difference heat pump.

[0024] The heat source station also includes:

[0025] The first-station thermoelectric co-generation device is connected to the first-station large temperature difference heat pump and the long-distance circulation pump, respectively.

[0026] The terminal heat exchange station also includes:

[0027] Terminal large temperature difference heat pump unit;

[0028] The terminal large temperature difference heat pump unit is connected to the outlet of the long-distance water supply pipe, the inlet of the long-distance water return pipe, the green energy collection system, the thermal power generation system, and the end user.

[0029] The terminal heat exchange station also includes a terminal heat storage device, which is connected to the secondary network supply water pipeline and the secondary network return water pipeline of the heat user, respectively. When the system is working, the low-grade industrial waste heat collected from the industrial waste heat source is upgraded to a high-temperature heat source at the first station of the heat source station. It is then transported over a long distance to the terminal heat exchange station using a long-distance pipeline network. The heat source is fully utilized and deeply cooled at the terminal heat exchange station using green electricity to drive an electric compression large temperature difference unit. After widening the temperature difference between the supply and return water, the heat is returned to the heat source side.

[0030] The first-station large temperature difference heat pump uses a mixed refrigerant of R32 and R134a, with a ratio between 3:7 and 6:4. The terminal large temperature difference heat pump uses a mixed refrigerant of R32 and R134a, with a ratio between 3:7 and 6:4. The first-station large temperature difference heat pump uses a mixed refrigerant of R134a and R1233zd, with a ratio between 3:7 and 5:5. The terminal large temperature difference heat pump unit uses a mixed refrigerant of R134a and R1233zd, with a ratio between 3:7 and 5:5. The advantages of this invention compared to the prior art are:

[0031] The return water temperature can be lowered further, which reduces the circulation volume of the long-distance transmission network, reduces the pipe diameter, and significantly reduces the cost of long-distance heating.

[0032] Lower return water temperature facilitates the direct utilization of low-grade waste heat, increasing the proportion of zero-carbon energy used for heating.

[0033] The heating network and the power grid mutually regulate peak loads, achieving zero-cost peak load regulation.

[0034] Avoid suppressing green electricity from the grid during periods of low electricity demand, and instead absorb a large amount of green electricity into the grid to help the power system achieve its carbon reduction goals, while also reducing heating costs. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a system flowchart according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 2 A system flowchart according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 3 A system flowchart according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 4A system flowchart according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 5 A system flowchart according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the green energy waste caused by the heat-driven power generation model.

[0041] Figure 7 This diagram illustrates the absorption of green electricity into the grid for zero-carbon heating and serves as a peak-shaving measure for electricity.

[0042] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the heat loss of a conventional heat pump under large temperature difference conditions.

[0043] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the heat loss of the mixed refrigerant heat pump in this invention under large temperature difference conditions. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The present invention will now be described with reference to specific embodiments.

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, the power generation and heating control system includes: heat source station, long-distance pipeline network system, terminal heat exchange station, thermal power generation system, power generation and heating dispatch control system 3, and power grid system.

[0046] The heat source station includes a long-distance circulating pump 4 and a heat source water pump 2. The inlet of the heat source water pump 2 is connected to the industrial waste heat source, and the outlet of the heat source water pump 2 is connected to the long-distance water supply pipeline 5, pumping waste hot water from the industrial waste heat source into the long-distance water supply pipeline 5. The long-distance circulating pump 4 is installed on the long-distance water supply pipeline 5, further pumping the hot water to various terminal heat exchange stations, which then deliver the hot water to the corresponding heat users for heating. The long-distance return water pipeline 6 is connected to the industrial waste heat source, and the returned hot water from each terminal heat exchange station flows back to the industrial waste heat source, forming a circulation.

[0047] The long-distance pipeline system includes: a long-distance water supply pipe 5 and a long-axis return water pipe 6. The inlet of the long-distance water supply pipe 5 is connected to the outlet of the long-distance circulating pump 4, and the outlet of the long-axis return water pipe 6 is connected to the return water inlet of the first station large temperature difference heat pump 1.

[0048] The power generation and heating distribution control system 3 is connected to the green energy acquisition system, the first station large temperature difference heat pump 1, the electric compression large temperature difference heat pump unit 7 and the thermal power generation system (not shown in the figure), and is used to distribute the load of the thermal power generation system and the electric compression large temperature difference heat pump unit 7.

[0049] Both the thermal power generation system and the green energy collection system are connected to end users through this power grid system.

[0050] like Figure 2-3 As shown, in other embodiments of this application, the heat source station includes: a primary large temperature difference heat pump 1, a long-distance circulation pump 4, and a heat source water pump 2. The inlet of the heat source water pump 2 is connected to the industrial waste heat source, the outlet of the heat source water pump 2 is connected to the heat source water inlet of the primary large temperature difference heat pump 1, and the heat source water outlet of the primary large temperature difference heat pump 1 is connected to the inlet of the long-distance circulation pump 4; the return water outlet of the primary large temperature difference heat pump 1 is connected to the industrial waste heat source. The heat source water pump 2 pumps waste water from the industrial waste heat source into the primary large temperature difference heat pump 1 as a medium-low temperature heat source. The primary large temperature difference heat pump 1 heats the heat source water using a working fluid. Then, the heated heat source water flows into the long-distance network water supply pipe 5, and then, under the action of the long-distance circulation pump 4, the heat source water is sent as hot water to each terminal heat exchange station. The terminal heat exchange stations then send the hot water to the corresponding heat users for heating.

[0051] In the embodiments of this application, the first-station large temperature difference heat pump 1 can be one or more of an electric compression large temperature difference heat pump unit, an absorption large temperature difference heat pump unit, or an electric absorption combined large temperature difference heat pump unit.

[0052] like Figure 4 As shown in other embodiments of this application, the heat source station includes: a primary large temperature difference heat pump 1, a high-temperature extraction device 9, a long-distance circulation pump 4, and a heat source water pump 2. The inlet of the heat source water pump 2 is connected to the industrial waste heat source, and the outlet of the heat source water pump 2 is connected to the heat source water inlet of the primary large temperature difference heat pump 1. The heat source water outlet of the primary large temperature difference heat pump 1 is connected to the high-temperature extraction device 9, which is then connected to the long-distance network water supply pipe 5. The long-distance circulation pump 4 is installed on the long-distance network water supply pipe 5. The long-distance network return water pipe 6 is connected to the return water inlet of the primary large temperature difference heat pump 1, and the return water outlet of the primary large temperature difference heat pump 1 is connected to the industrial waste heat source. The return water from the heat user flows through the terminal heat exchange station and then through the long-distance network return water pipe 6, entering the primary large temperature difference heat pump 1. In the primary large temperature difference heat pump 1, the working fluid absorbs the heat of the return water, and then the return water flows into the industrial waste heat source, realizing circulation. The high-temperature extraction device is connected in series with the first station's large temperature difference heat pump 1 to extract air from the supplied hot water and further heat it.

[0053] like Figure 5As shown, in other embodiments of this application, the heat source station includes: a primary heat and power co-processing device 10, a primary large temperature difference heat pump 1, a high-temperature extraction device 9, a long-distance circulation pump 4, and a heat source water pump 2. The inlet of the heat source water pump 2 is connected to the industrial waste heat source, the outlet of the heat source water pump 2 is connected to the heat source water inlet of the primary large temperature difference heat pump 1, and the heat source water outlet of the primary large temperature difference heat pump 1 is connected to the inlet of the long-distance circulation pump 4. The return water in the long-distance network return water pipe 6 flows into the primary large temperature difference heat pump 1, exchanges heat with the working fluid, and then flows back to the industrial waste heat source. The primary heat and power co-processing device is connected to the primary large temperature difference heat pump 1 and the power generation and heating distribution control system 3, respectively, and distributes the power output by the power generation and heating distribution control system 3 and the proportion of hot water supplied by the primary large temperature difference heat pump 1 to the long-distance circulation pump 4.

[0054] In other embodiments of this application, the terminal heat exchange station includes a terminal large temperature difference heat pump unit 7. The terminal large temperature difference heat pump unit 7 is connected to the outlet of the long-distance water supply pipe 5, the inlet of the long-axis return water pipe 6, the green energy collection system, and the end user.

[0055] In the embodiments of this application, the terminal large temperature difference heat pump unit 7 can be one or more of an electric compression large temperature difference heat pump unit, an absorption large temperature difference heat pump unit, or an electric absorption combined large temperature difference heat pump unit. For example... Figure 3-5 As shown, in other embodiments of this application, the terminal heat exchange station includes a terminal large temperature difference heat pump unit 7 and a terminal heat storage device 8, with the terminal heat storage device 8 connected to both the terminal large temperature difference heat pump unit 7 and the terminal user. Excess heat energy generated by the terminal large temperature difference heat pump unit 7 can be stored by the terminal heat storage device 8 for use by the terminal heat user. In another embodiment of this application, as... Figure 2As shown, a terminal heat storage device 8 is also installed in the terminal heat exchange station. The two ends of the terminal heat storage device 8 are connected to the secondary network water supply pipeline and the secondary network return pipeline, respectively, and it contains heat storage material. Excess heat energy generated by the absorption heat pump unit can be stored in the terminal heat storage device for use by terminal heat users, thus avoiding heat waste at the terminal heat exchange station. For example, electricity consumption is relatively low at night, and the excess heat supplied by the heat source station is stored in the terminal heat storage device 8, storing heat while supplying heat to users. Electricity consumption is relatively high during the day, and electricity prices are also higher, so the heat stored in the terminal heat storage device 8 can be released to the hot water supply in the secondary network water supply pipeline during the day. The hot water in the long-distance network water supply pipe 5 passes through the city's primary network, first entering a composite generator, plate heat exchanger, absorption evaporator, and electric compression evaporator, before returning to the long-distance network return pipe 6. When the system is working, it first uses large temperature difference heat pump technology to upgrade the low-grade industrial waste heat collected from the industrial waste heat source into a high-temperature heat source at the first heat source station; then it uses long-distance pipelines to transport it to the terminal heat exchange station; finally, it uses green electricity to drive electric compression large temperature difference units (ELTD) to fully utilize the heat source and deeply cool it at the terminal heat exchange station, and then returns it to the heat source side after widening the temperature difference between the supply and return water.

[0056] For illustrative purposes, Table 1 shows the power generation capacity data of a conventional combined heat and power (CHP) system in a constant-power mode under certain existing grid load conditions.

[0057] Accordingly, Table 2 shows the power generation capacity data of the new system using ELTD in this application under certain existing grid load conditions.

[0058] Analysis and reference of its data Figure 6-7 The power generation and heating dispatch control system 3 prioritizes green electricity to handle base loads based on the capacity of the green energy acquisition system, while the thermal power generation system handles peak-shaving loads. During off-peak hours, the control system suppresses the load on the thermal power generation system while simultaneously increasing the operation of the ELTD (Energy Transfer Unit) according to load demand, fully absorbing the power generation capacity of green electricity. Any surplus heating capacity generated can be absorbed through thermal storage devices or the building's own thermal storage capacity to meet off-peak heating needs. During peak hours, the operation of the ELTD units is suppressed to ensure power supply, utilizing the heat stored during off-peak hours for heating.

[0059] Both the first large temperature difference heat pump 1 and the electric compression large temperature difference heat pump unit 7 use a mixed refrigerant, which is a combination of R32 and R134a.

[0060] In this embodiment, the mixed refrigerant components can be R32 and R134a paired. In other embodiments, R134a can also be paired with R1233zd, or water can be paired with CO2.

[0061] The optimal pairing ratio for R32 and R134a is between 3:7 and 6:4.

[0062] The optimal pairing ratio for R134a and R1233zd is between 3:7 and 5:5.

[0063] like Figure 8-9 As shown, the principle of temperature glide of mixed refrigerants is used, which perfectly matches the water temperature rise and fall curves of the evaporator and condenser of the heat pump unit. This ensures that the heat loss is still minimized when the water temperature rises or falls significantly.

[0064] Table 1

[0065]

[0066]

[0067] Table 2

[0068]

[0069]

[0070] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "front", "rear", "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "bottom", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations of this invention.

[0071] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. For those skilled in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A power generation and heating control system, comprising: Heat source stations, long-distance pipeline systems, terminal heat exchange stations, thermal power generation systems, power generation and heating distribution control systems, and power grid systems are characterized by: The heat source station includes: Long-distance circulating pump (4); Heat source water pump (2); The first station large temperature difference heat pump (1) is connected to the outlet of the heat source water pump (2), the inlet of the long-distance circulation pump (4) and the power generation and heating distribution control system respectively. The first station large temperature difference heat pump (1) is one or more of the electric compression large temperature difference heat pump unit, absorption large temperature difference heat pump unit, or electric absorption composite large temperature difference heat pump unit. A high-temperature extraction device (9) is connected to the first-station large temperature difference heat pump (1) and the long-distance circulation pump (4); and The first station thermoelectric co-generation device (10) is connected to the first station large temperature difference heat pump (1) and the long-distance circulation pump (4), respectively; The inlet of the heat source water pump is connected to the industrial waste heat source, the outlet of the heat source water pump is connected to the heat source water inlet of the first station large temperature difference heat pump, the heat source water outlet of the first station large temperature difference heat pump is connected to the inlet of the long-distance circulation pump, and the return water outlet of the first station large temperature difference heat pump is connected to the industrial waste heat source. The long-distance pipeline network system includes: Long-distance water supply pipeline (5); and Long-distance transmission network return water pipe (6); The inlet of the long-distance water supply pipe (5) is connected to the outlet of the long-distance circulating pump (4), and the outlet of the long-distance return water pipe (6) is connected to the return water inlet of the first station large temperature difference heat pump (1). The terminal heat exchange station is connected to the outlet of the long-distance water supply pipe (5), the inlet of the long-distance water return pipe (6), the green energy collection system, and the end user; The power generation and heating distribution control system is connected to the green energy acquisition system and the thermal power generation system, and is used to distribute the load of the thermal power generation system and the first station large temperature difference heat pump; Both the thermal power generation system and the green energy collection system are connected to end users through the power grid system; The terminal heat exchange station includes a terminal large temperature difference heat pump (7) and a terminal heat storage device (8). The terminal large temperature difference heat pump (7) is connected to the outlet of the long-distance transmission network water supply pipe (5), the inlet of the long-distance transmission network return water pipe (6), the green energy collection system, the thermal power generation system and the terminal user. The terminal heat storage device (8) is connected to the secondary network water supply pipe and the secondary network return water pipe of the heat user. The excess heat energy generated by the terminal large temperature difference heat pump (7) can be stored by the terminal heat storage device (8) for use by the terminal heat user. When the system is working, the low-grade industrial waste heat collected from the industrial waste heat source will be upgraded to a high-temperature heat source at the first station of the heat source station. It will be transported over a long distance to the terminal heat exchange station using a long-distance pipeline network. The electric compression large temperature difference unit driven by green electricity will make full use of the heat source and deeply cool it at the terminal heat exchange station. After widening the temperature difference between the supply and return water, it will return to the heat source side. The power generation and heating dispatch control system prioritizes green electricity to bear the base load based on the capacity of the green energy acquisition system, while the thermal power generation system bears the peak load. During the off-peak period, the power generation and heating control system suppresses the load of the thermal power generation system and increases the operation of the ELTD unit according to the load demand, fully absorbing the power generation capacity of green electricity. If there is a surplus in the resulting heating capacity, it can be absorbed through the heat storage device or the heat storage capacity of the building itself to meet the demand during the off-peak period. During the peak period, the operation of the ELTD unit is suppressed to ensure power supply, and the heat stored during the off-peak period is used for heating.

2. The power generation and heating control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first station's large temperature difference heat pump uses a mixed refrigerant of R32 and R134a, with the ratio of R32 to R134a ranging from 3:7 to 6:

4.

3. The power generation and heating control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The terminal large temperature difference heat pump uses a mixed refrigerant of R32 and R134a, with the ratio of R32 to R134a ranging from 3:7 to 6:

4.

4. The power generation and heating control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first station's large temperature difference heat pump uses a mixed refrigerant of R134a and R1233zd, with the ratio of R134a to R1233zd ranging from 3:7 to 5:

5.

5. The power generation and heating control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The terminal large temperature difference heat pump unit uses a mixed refrigerant of R134a and R1233zd, with the ratio of R134a to R1233zd ranging from 3:7 to 5:5.

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