Spring-type multi-wave pulse excitation system and method

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of petroleum seismic exploration technology, specifically disclosing a spring-type multi-wave pulse excitation system and method. The system includes an excitation device, a hammering device, a transmitting device, a geophone, a fixed support for fixing the transmitting device, and a multi-wave velocity determination device. The geophone is connected to the multi-wave velocity determination device. The excitation device is set parallel to the ground, and the hammering device is detachably mounted on the transmitting device. The excitation method involves installing the hammering device, placing the transmitting device and the excitation device, releasing the hammering device, and striking the excitation device to generate seismic waves. The geophone collects the seismic wave signals, forming a seismic record which is uploaded to the multi-wave velocity determination device. The multi-wave velocity determination device determines the P-wave and S-wave velocities and the near-surface thickness. This invention enables the reception of multi-wave pulses in the well or on the surface, as well as the determination of P-wave and S-wave velocities and near-surface thickness, improving the efficiency of multi-wave microseismic logging and ensuring the accuracy of multi-wave microseismic logging data. This invention is applicable to the excitation and detection of seismic waves.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of seismic exploration of oil, in particular to a spring type multi-wave pulse excitation system and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Seismic exploration of oil is a geophysical exploration method for finding oil and gas fields by generating seismic waves and studying the propagation of seismic waves in underground rock layers to survey underground geological structure and rock layer changes. Multi-wave surface investigation is the basis for shear wave static correction and an important means for feasibility demonstration of shear wave seismic exploration, which is of great significance. At present, multi-wave surface investigation mainly uses micro-logging method, and longitudinal wave and shear wave excitation are two independent devices. The longitudinal wave excitation adopts a large weight, and the device is large in size and complex in operation. The shear wave excitation adopts manual knocking on the side of a sleeper, and the excited shear wave energy is relatively weak, the data quality is poor, the success rate is low, and if a shear wave vibrator is used for excitation, the device is large in size, slow in moving point, difficult to pass, and high in cost. SUMMARY

[0003] The purpose of the present application is to provide a spring type multi-wave pulse excitation system and method to improve the efficiency of multi-wave micro-logging and the accuracy of multi-wave micro-logging data.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical method adopted by the present application is as follows:

[0005] A spring type multi-wave pulse excitation system comprises an excitation device, a hammering device, a launching device, a geophone, a fixed support and a multi-wave velocity determination device for determining the velocity of seismic waves. The geophone is connected with the multi-wave velocity determination device. The excitation device is arranged in parallel with the ground. The hammering device is detachably mounted on the launching device. The launching device is fixed by the fixed support and has a launching direction towards the excitation device. The launching device releases the hammering device. The hammering device hammers the front or side of the excitation device to generate seismic waves.

[0006] As a limitation, the launching device comprises a spring, a spring support, a launching track and a hydraulic device. The spring is arranged perpendicularly to the launching track. The two ends of the spring are respectively provided with spring supports. The spring supports are mounted on the bottom of the outer surface of the launching track. The hydraulic devices are mounted on the two sides of the outer surface of the launching track. A pipe groove is fixed on the extension rod of the hydraulic device. The spring is fixed in the pipe groove. A sliding block for mounting the hammering device is arranged on the pipe groove. A sliding groove matched with the sliding block is arranged at the bottom of the launching track. The launching track is matched with the hammering device.

[0007] As a further limitation, the hammering device is a hammering device. One end of the hammering device is provided with a hanging ring. The hammering device is fixed on the sliding block of the launching device through the hanging ring.

[0008] As a still further limitation, the excitation device is a sleeper.

[0009] The application further provides a method for exciting the spring type multi-wave pulse exciting system, comprising the following steps: installing the hammering device on the launching device, placing the launching device horizontally or vertically and fixing the launching device through a fixing support, placing the exciting device parallel to the ground, directing the launching direction of the launching device towards the exciting device, releasing the hammering device by the launching device, hammering the front or side of the exciting device by the hammering device to generate seismic waves, collecting the seismic wave signals by the detector, forming a seismic record and uploading the seismic record to the multi-wave velocity determining device, and determining the P-S wave velocity and the near-surface thickness according to the seismic record by the multi-wave velocity determining device.

[0010] As a limitation: the launching device comprises a spring, a spring support, a launching track and a hydraulic device, the spring is arranged perpendicularly to the launching track, the two ends of the spring are respectively provided with the spring supports, the spring supports are arranged at the bottom of the outer surface of the launching track, the hydraulic device is arranged at the two sides of the outer surface of the launching track, the telescopic rod of the hydraulic device is fixedly provided with a pipe groove, the spring is fixedly arranged in the pipe groove, the pipe groove is provided with a sliding block for installing the hammering device, the bottom of the launching track is provided with a sliding groove matched with the sliding block, and the launching track is matched with the hammering device; the releasing of the hammering device by the launching device in the exciting method is specifically as follows: the telescopic rod of the hydraulic device is extended to push the spring, so that the hammering device slides in the launching track to the end of the launching track away from the exciting device, then the telescopic rod of the hydraulic device is retracted to release the spring, so that the hammering device slides in the launching track towards the exciting device to hammer the front or side of the exciting device to generate seismic waves.

[0011] As a further limitation: the formula for determining the P-S wave velocity according to the seismic record by the multi-wave velocity determining device is as follows: V = d / t t , wherein, V is the velocity of the P-S wave, and the unit is m / s ; d is the distance between the exciting device and the detector, and the unit is m ; t is the first arrival time of the P-S wave, and the unit is s ; the first arrival time of the P-S wave in the seismic record is picked up by the multi-wave velocity determining device, and the P-S wave velocity of different measuring points is obtained based on the above formula.

[0012] As a further limitation: the multi-wave velocity determining device draws a d - t curve according to the P-S wave velocity of different measuring points, wherein, d - t the position where the velocity changes is the near-surface boundary position, and the near-surface thickness is determined according to the near-surface boundary position.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial effects due to the adoption of the above scheme:

[0014] This invention provides a spring-type multi-wave pulse excitation system and method, which generates sufficient energy through the impact of a hammer to excite longitudinal and transverse waves. It eliminates the need for two separate devices to excite longitudinal and transverse waves, resulting in a small-sized, low-cost, and simple-to-operate system that reduces manpower and equipment investment. Furthermore, it enables the reception of multi-waves in wells or on the surface, as well as the measurement of longitudinal and transverse wave velocities and near-surface thickness, thereby improving the efficiency of multi-wave microseismic logging and ensuring the accuracy of multi-wave microseismic logging data.

[0015] This invention is applicable to the excitation and detection of seismic waves. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the excitation device, hammering device, and launching device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the excitation method of the spring-type multi-wave pulse excitation system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 Embodiments of the present invention d - t Line graph;

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Spring; 2. Spring support; 3. Hydraulic device; 4. Telescopic rod; 5. Slider; 6. Hammer; 7. Hanging ring; 8. Launching rail; 9. Sleeper. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments. However, those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. Any improvements and equivalent changes made based on the specific embodiments of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

[0022] Example: Spring-type multi-wave pulse excitation system and excitation method

[0023] A spring-type multi-wave pulse excitation system includes an excitation device, a hammering device, a transmitting device, a geophone, a fixed support, and a multi-wave velocity determination device for determining seismic wave velocities. The geophone is connected to the multi-wave velocity determination device. The excitation device is parallel to the ground. The hammering device is detachably mounted on the transmitting device, which is fixed by the fixed support and faces the excitation device. The transmitting device releases the hammering device, which strikes the front or side of the excitation device, generating seismic waves. The multi-wave velocity determination device uses a shallow seismograph of model GDZ48A or GDZ48B. The hammering device is a hammer 6 with a hanging ring 7 at one end. The excitation device is a sleeper 9. The structural diagrams of the excitation device, hammering device, and transmitting device are shown below. Figure 1As shown, the launching device includes a spring 1, a spring bracket 2, a launching rail 8, and a hydraulic device 3. The spring 1 is set perpendicular to the launching rail 8. Spring brackets 2 are installed at both ends of the spring 1. The spring brackets 2 are installed at the bottom of the outer surface of the launching rail 8. Hydraulic devices 3 are installed on both sides of the outer surface of the launching rail 8. A tube groove is fixed on the telescopic rod 4 of the hydraulic device 3. The spring 1 is fixed in the tube groove. A slider 5 for installing a hammer 6 is provided on the tube groove. The hammer 6 is fixed on the slider 5 of the launching device by a hanging ring 7. The bottom of the launching rail 8 is provided with a groove that matches the slider 5. The launching rail 8 matches the hammer 6.

[0024] Excitation methods for spring-type multi-wave pulse excitation systems, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the process includes the following steps: the hammering device is installed on the launching device, which is placed horizontally or vertically and fixed by a bracket. The excitation device is placed parallel to the ground, with the launching direction of the launching device facing the excitation device. The telescopic rod 4 of the hydraulic device 3 extends and pushes the spring 1, causing the hammering device to slide away from the excitation device in the launching track 8 to the end of the launching track 8. Then, the telescopic rod 4 of the hydraulic device 3 retracts, releasing the spring 1, causing the hammering device to slide in the launching track 8 towards the excitation device, striking the front or side of the excitation device to generate seismic waves. The detector collects the seismic wave signals, forms a seismic record, and uploads it to the multi-wave velocity determination device. The multi-wave velocity determination device determines the P-wave and S-wave velocities and the near-surface thickness based on the seismic record.

[0025] The formula for determining the P-wave and S-wave velocities based on seismic records using a multi-wave velocity determination device is as follows: V = d / t In the formula, V The velocity of the longitudinal and transverse waves, in units of . m / s ; d The distance between the excitation device and the detector, in units of 1. m ; t The first arrival times of the P-wave and S-wave are given in units of 1 / 2. s The multi-wave velocity determination device picks up the first arrival times of the P-waves and S-waves in the seismic record. Based on the above formula, it obtains the velocities of the P-waves and S-waves at different measurement points. The multi-wave velocity determination device then plots the velocities of the P-waves and S-waves at different measurement points. d - t Curve, curve graph as Figure 3 As shown, where, d - t The point where the velocity changes is the boundary between near-surface and near-surface thickness.

Claims

1. A springed multi-wave pulse excitation system, characterized by, The utility model relates to a kind of seismic wave velocity determination device, including exciting device, hammering device, launching device, detector, fixed support and the multiple wave velocity determination device for determining seismic wave velocity, detector is connected with multiple wave velocity determination device, exciting device is arranged in parallel with ground, hammering device is detachably installed on launching device, launching device is fixed by fixed support, and launching direction is towards exciting device, launching device releases hammering device, hammering device hammers the front or side of exciting device, and generates seismic wave;Launching device includes spring, spring support, launching track and hydraulic device, spring is arranged perpendicularly with launching track, both ends of spring are respectively equipped with spring support, spring support is installed at the bottom of the outer surface of launching track, hydraulic device is installed on both sides of the outer surface of launching track, pipe groove is fixed on the telescopic rod of hydraulic device, spring is fixed in pipe groove, sliding block for installing hammering device is arranged on pipe groove, launching track bottom is equipped with the sliding slot compatible with sliding block, and launching track is matched with hammering device;Hammering device is hammering device, and one end of hammering device is equipped with ring, and hammering device is fixed on the sliding block of launching device by ring;Exciting device is sleeper.

2. A method of excitation for a spring-based multi-wave pulse excitation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Including the following steps: Hammering device is installed on launching device, launching device is placed horizontally or vertically and fixed by fixed support, exciting device is placed in parallel with ground, launching direction of launching device is towards exciting device, launching device releases hammering device, the telescopic rod of hydraulic device is extended, pushes spring, so that hammering device slides in launching track towards the direction away from exciting device to the end of launching track, then, the telescopic rod of hydraulic device is retracted, releases spring, so that hammering device slides in launching track towards the direction of exciting device, hammers the front or side of exciting device, generates seismic wave, detector collects seismic wave signal, forms seismic record and uploads to multiple wave velocity determination device, and multiple wave velocity determination device determines P-wave and S-wave velocity and near-surface thickness according to seismic record; The formula that multiple wave velocity determination device determines P-wave and S-wave velocity according to seismic record is as follows: V=d / t, wherein, V is the velocity of P-wave and S-wave, and the unit is m / s; T is the first arrival time of P-wave and S-wave, and the unit is s; Multiple wave velocity determination device picks up the first arrival time of P-wave and S-wave in seismic record, and the velocity of P-wave and S-wave of different measuring points is obtained based on the above formula; Multiple wave velocity determination device draws d-t curve according to the velocity of P-wave and S-wave of different measuring points, wherein, the position of near-surface boundary is at the speed change of d-t, and the near-surface thickness is determined according to the position of near-surface boundary.

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