Three-dimensional display device

Abstract

The embodiment of the present disclosure provides a three-dimensional display device, comprising: a two-dimensional display panel and a light modulation component arranged on one side of the two-dimensional display panel, wherein the light modulation component comprises: a plurality of light modulation structures arranged periodically along a first direction, all sub-pixels covered by at least one light modulation structure are divided into at least one repeating unit, and light emitted by sub-pixels at the same position in all repeating units forms a view point after passing through the corresponding light modulation structure; and parameters of the three-dimensional display device satisfy the following relationship: wherein W represents the width of the light modulation structure, W represents the width of the sub-pixel, Q represents the interval distance between adjacent view points, and K represents the number of view points of the three-dimensional display device. p ​

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to, but is not limited to, the field of display technology, and in particular to a three-dimensional display device. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of display technology, three-dimensional (3D) display technology is attracting increasing attention. 3D display technology can make displayed images appear more realistic and immersive. Its principle lies in utilizing the fact that the left and right eyes receive different images, and the brain superimposes and reconstructs these image information to create a stereoscopic image. Among the many technologies for achieving 3D display, glasses-free 3D display devices are highly favored because viewers can see 3D images without wearing glasses or helmets or any other visual aids. However, current glasses-free 3D display devices suffer from a contradiction between display resolution and the number of viewpoints, thus affecting the viewing experience of 3D displays. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The following is an overview of the subject matter described in detail herein. This overview is not intended to limit the scope of the claims.

[0004] This disclosure provides a three-dimensional display device, including: a two-dimensional display panel and a light modulation component disposed on one side of the two-dimensional display panel, wherein...

[0005] The two-dimensional display panel includes: a plurality of pixels arranged in an array along a first direction and a second direction, each pixel including: a plurality of sub-pixels, the second direction intersecting the first direction;

[0006] The light modulation component includes: a plurality of light modulation structures arranged periodically along a first direction, wherein all sub-pixels covered by at least one light modulation structure are divided into at least one repeating unit, and light emitted by sub-pixels at the same position in all repeating units forms a viewpoint after passing through the corresponding light modulation structure.

[0007] The parameters of the three-dimensional display device satisfy the following relationship:

[0008]

[0009] Where W represents the width of the light modulation structure, W p Q represents the width of a subpixel, K represents the distance between adjacent viewpoints, and the width refers to the dimensional feature along the first direction.

[0010] The three-dimensional display device provided in this embodiment can achieve continuous and dense viewpoints when forming naked-eye stereoscopic display by setting the parameters of the three-dimensional display device to satisfy the above-mentioned relationship. This avoids the reduction of stereoscopic display resolution and increases the number of viewpoints in the three-dimensional stereoscopic display, thereby increasing the viewing range and improving the stereoscopic display effect.

[0011] Other features and advantages of this disclosure will be set forth in the following description, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the disclosure. Other advantages of this disclosure may be realized and obtained by means of the methods described in the description and the accompanying drawings.

[0012] After reading and understanding the accompanying diagrams and detailed descriptions, the other aspects can be understood. Attached Figure Description

[0013] The accompanying drawings are provided to illustrate the technical solutions of this disclosure and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of this disclosure to explain the technical solutions of this disclosure and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions of this disclosure. The shapes and sizes of the components in the drawings do not reflect actual proportions and are only intended to illustrate the content of this disclosure.

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a first structure of a three-dimensional display device in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0015] Figure 2A This is a schematic diagram of a second structure of a three-dimensional display device in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0016] Figure 2B This is a schematic diagram of a third structure of a three-dimensional display device in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0017] Figure 3 for Figure 2A and Figure 2B The diagram shows a first type of stereoscopic display principle of the three-dimensional display device.

[0018] Figure 4 for Figure 2A and Figure 2B The diagram shows a second type of stereoscopic display principle of the three-dimensional display device.

[0019] Figure 5A This is a schematic diagram of a fourth structure of a three-dimensional display device in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0020] Figure 5B This is a schematic diagram of a fifth structure of a three-dimensional display device in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0021] Figure 6 for Figure 5A and Figure 5B The diagram shows the stereoscopic display principle of the three-dimensional display device.

[0022] Figure 7A This is a schematic diagram of the sixth structure of the three-dimensional display device in the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0023] Figure 7B This is a schematic diagram of the seventh structure of the three-dimensional display device in the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0024] Figure 8 This is a spectral spectrum test curve of a three-dimensional display device in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0025] This document describes several embodiments, but these descriptions are exemplary and not limiting. Many more embodiments and implementations are possible within the scope of the embodiments described herein. Although many possible combinations of features are shown in the accompanying drawings and discussed in the detailed description, many other combinations of the disclosed features are also possible. Unless specifically limited, any feature or element of any embodiment may be used in combination with, or may replace, any feature or element of any other embodiment.

[0026] In describing representative embodiments, the specification may have presented methods and / or processes as a specific sequence of steps. However, the method or process should not be limited to a specific order of steps to the extent that it does not depend on this specific order. Other sequences of steps are possible, as will be understood by those skilled in the art. Therefore, the specific order of steps set forth in the specification should not be construed as a limitation of the claims. Furthermore, the claims relating to the method and / or process should not be limited to the steps performed in the order written, and those skilled in the art will readily understand that these orders may be varied and still remain within the spirit and scope of the embodiments disclosed herein.

[0027] In the accompanying drawings of this disclosure, the size of the constituent elements, the thickness of the layers, or the area are sometimes exaggerated for clarity. Therefore, one aspect of this disclosure is not necessarily limited to these dimensions, and the shapes and sizes of the components in the drawings do not reflect true proportions. Furthermore, the drawings schematically illustrate ideal examples, and one aspect of this disclosure is not limited to the shapes or values ​​shown in the drawings.

[0028] In the exemplary embodiments disclosed herein, ordinal numbers such as "first," "second," and "third" are provided to avoid confusion of constituent elements, rather than to limit in terms of quantity.

[0029] In the exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, for convenience, terms such as "middle," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer" are used to indicate orientation or positional relationships in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. This is solely for the purpose of facilitating the description of this specification and simplifying the description, and is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation of this disclosure. The positional relationships of the constituent elements may be appropriately changed depending on the direction in which each constituent element is described. Therefore, the description is not limited to the terms used in the specification and may be appropriately replaced as appropriate.

[0030] In the exemplary embodiments disclosed herein, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they may refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; a direct connection or an indirect connection via an intermediate component, or a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this disclosure based on the specific circumstances.

[0031] In this specification, a transistor is a device that includes at least three terminals: a gate electrode, a drain electrode, and a source electrode. A transistor has a channel region between the drain electrode (also referred to as the drain terminal, drain region, or drain electrode) and the source electrode (also referred to as the source terminal, source region, or source electrode), and current can flow through the drain electrode, the channel region, and the source electrode. Note that in this specification, the channel region refers to the region through which current primarily flows.

[0032] In this specification, the first electrode can be the drain electrode and the second electrode can be the source electrode, or vice versa. In cases where transistors with opposite polarities are used or the current direction changes during circuit operation, the functions of the "source electrode" and "drain electrode" may sometimes be interchanged. Therefore, in this specification, the "source electrode" and "drain electrode" can be interchanged.

[0033] In this specification, "electrical connection" includes the situation where components are connected together by elements that have a certain electrical function. There are no particular limitations on what constitutes an "electrical function," as long as it allows for the transmission and reception of electrical signals between the connected components. Examples of "electrical functions" include not only electrodes and wiring, but also switching elements such as transistors, resistors, inductors, capacitors, and other elements with various functions.

[0034] In the exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, “about” means a value that is not strictly limited and allows for process and measurement errors.

[0035] In the description of embodiments of this disclosure, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0036] The real world is a three-dimensional world, providing the human eyes with two images with a positional difference. These images, when viewed, create the parallax required for stereoscopic vision. Through fusion and reflection in the optic nerve center, and a psychological visual response, the three-dimensional sensation is produced. Using this principle, by presenting two images with a positional difference—a left and a right image—to the left and right eyes respectively through a display device, a 3D sensation can be achieved. Compared to conventional two-dimensional displays, 3D displays can more realistically reproduce the scene, providing a more immersive viewing experience. 3D display technology has various implementation methods. Generally, 3D display devices can be divided into glasses-based displays that require special visual aids (e.g., glasses or helmets) and glasses-free 3D displays. Glasses-based displays, due to the need for special equipment, can increase viewer discomfort. Naked-eye 3D display devices are highly favored because viewers can see 3D images without wearing glasses or helmets or any other visual aids. However, current naked-eye 3D display devices suffer from a contradiction between display resolution and the number of viewpoints, which affects the viewing experience of 3D displays.

[0037] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0038] In this embodiment, the first direction DR1 can refer to the horizontal direction (row direction), the second direction DR2 can refer to the vertical direction (column direction), and the third direction DR3 can refer to the thickness direction of the three-dimensional display device, or a direction perpendicular to the plane of the two-dimensional display panel, etc. The first direction DR1 intersects with the second direction DR2, and the first direction DR1 intersects with the third direction DR3. For example, the first direction DR1 and the second direction DR2 can be perpendicular to each other, and the first direction DR1 and the third direction DR3 can be perpendicular to each other. The extension direction DR0 can refer to the extension direction of the light modulation structure (e.g., the extension direction of a cylindrical lens, or the extension direction of a strip-shaped light-transmitting portion, or the extension direction of a strip-shaped light-blocking portion, etc.).

[0039] This disclosure provides a three-dimensional display device. Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a first structure of a three-dimensional display device in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown below. Figure 1As shown, the three-dimensional display device may include: a two-dimensional display panel 11 and a light modulation component 10 disposed on one side of the two-dimensional display panel 11. The two-dimensional display panel 11 may include: a plurality of pixels arranged in an array along a first direction (row direction) DR1 and a second direction (column direction) DR2. Each pixel may include: a plurality of sub-pixels. The second direction DR2 intersects with the first direction DR1. The light modulation component 10 may include: a plurality of light modulation structures (not shown in the figure) arranged periodically along the first direction DR1. All sub-pixels covered by at least one light modulation structure may be divided into at least one repeating unit. The light emitted by the sub-pixels at the same position in all repeating units can form a viewpoint after passing through the corresponding light modulation structure.

[0040] The parameters of a 3D display device can satisfy the following relationship:

[0041]

[0042] Where W represents the width of the light modulation structure, W p Q represents the width of a subpixel, Q represents the spacing between adjacent viewpoints, and K represents the number of viewpoints in the 3D display device.

[0043] Here, the width W of the subpixel p This can refer to the dimensional characteristics of the sub-pixel along the first direction DR1. The width W of the light modulation structure can refer to the dimensional characteristics of the light modulation structure along the first direction DR1.

[0044] In one exemplary embodiment, the light emitted by sub-pixels (which may have the same number) at the same position in all repeating units can form a 2D viewpoint after passing through the corresponding light modulation structure, and at least two 2D viewpoints can form a 3D viewpoint. For example, K can be a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.

[0045] In one exemplary embodiment, at least one repeating unit, which is the division of all sub-pixels covered by at least one light modulation structure, can be arranged along the extension direction DR0 of the at least one light modulation structure.

[0046] In one exemplary embodiment, the two-dimensional display panel can be configured to emit corresponding light rays based on image information from multiple different viewpoints. The light modulation component (i.e., the light modulation structure) has spatial beam splitting capability, modulating the direction of the incident light rays. It can be configured to split the light rays emitted by pixels in the two-dimensional display panel, projecting the light rays emitted by sub-pixels at the same position in all repeating units onto the same spatial area to form K viewpoints in space. This allows different parallax images to be imaged at different positions in space, entering the viewer's left and right eyes respectively, thereby achieving a naked-eye 3D display effect (i.e., multi-viewpoint display).

[0047] In one exemplary embodiment, the distance D between the two-dimensional display panel 11 and the light modulation component 10 in the thickness direction (i.e., the third direction DR3) of the three-dimensional display device can be approximately between 0.3 mm and 0.9 mm. Here, the distance D between the two-dimensional display panel 11 and the light modulation component 10 can refer to the dimensional characteristics of the two-dimensional display panel 11 and the light modulation component 10 along the third direction DR3 (i.e., the thickness direction of the three-dimensional display device). This disclosure does not limit this aspect.

[0048] In one exemplary embodiment, the observation distance L of the three-dimensional display device can be approximately between 50 cm and 60 cm. Here, the observation distance L corresponding to the three-dimensional display device can refer to the dimensional feature along the third direction DR3 (i.e., the thickness direction of the three-dimensional display device) between the human eye's observation point (e.g., viewpoint) and the light modulation component 10. This disclosure does not limit this aspect.

[0049] In one exemplary embodiment, the width W of the light modulation structure can be between approximately 300 μm (micrometers) and 1000 μm. This disclosure does not limit the scope of the embodiment.

[0050] In one exemplary embodiment, the tilt angle between the extension direction DR0 of the light modulation structure and the second direction DR2 can be approximately between 5° and 10°. This disclosure does not limit this aspect.

[0051] In one exemplary embodiment, the number of pixels covered by the light modulation structure may be approximately 17, and each pixel may include 3 sub-pixels. This disclosure does not limit the scope of the embodiments.

[0052] In one exemplary embodiment, each pixel in the two-dimensional display panel can be a pixel unit comprising a red sub-pixel (R sub-pixel), a green sub-pixel (G sub-pixel), and a blue sub-pixel (B sub-pixel). Of course, other sub-pixels are also possible; for example, each pixel can be a pixel unit comprising a red sub-pixel, a green sub-pixel, a blue sub-pixel, and a white sub-pixel (W sub-pixel). This disclosure does not limit the scope of the embodiments described herein.

[0053] In one exemplary embodiment, multiple sub-pixels within a pixel can be arranged in various ways, such as horizontally side-by-side, vertically side-by-side, X-shaped, cross-shaped, or triangular. For example, if a pixel comprises three sub-pixels, the three sub-pixels can be arranged horizontally side-by-side, vertically side-by-side, or triangularly. Similarly, if a pixel comprises four sub-pixels, the four sub-pixels can be arranged horizontally side-by-side, vertically side-by-side, or squarely. This disclosure does not limit the scope of the embodiments described herein.

[0054] In one exemplary embodiment, the shape of the sub-pixel can be any one or more of a triangle, square, rectangle, rhombus, trapezoid, parallelogram, pentagon, hexagon, and other polygons. This disclosure does not limit the shape in this regard.

[0055] In one exemplary embodiment, the viewing angle of the three-dimensional display device can be between approximately 35° and 45°. This disclosure does not limit the viewing angle to this range.

[0056] In one exemplary embodiment, the structure of the light modulation component can take many forms. For example, the light modulation component may include any one or more of a cylindrical lens array and a slit grating. The cylindrical lens array may include multiple cylindrical lenses, and the light modulation structure may be a cylindrical lens. The slit grating may include multiple alternating strip-shaped light-transmitting portions and multiple strip-shaped light-blocking portions. The light modulation structure may be a combination of strip-shaped light-transmitting portions (also called light-transmitting strips) and strip-shaped light-blocking portions (also called light-blocking strips) (e.g., a combination of a strip-shaped light-transmitting portion and half-strip-shaped light-blocking portions located on both sides of the strip-shaped light-transmitting portion). This disclosure does not limit the scope of the embodiments described herein.

[0057] In one exemplary embodiment, the cylindrical lens array can be a microcylindrical lens array. For example, the microcylindrical lens array can be a single microcylindrical lens or a composite microcylindrical lens composed of multiple microcylindrical lenses. For example, the surface shape of the microcylindrical lens can be any one of a spherical, aspherical, Fresnel, or freeform surface, or the surface shape of the microcylindrical lens can be a complex lens with a gradually changing radius from the center to the edge. Here, the embodiments of this disclosure do not limit this.

[0058] Thus, by setting the parameters of the three-dimensional display device to satisfy the relationship shown in formula (1), the three-dimensional display device can achieve continuous dense viewpoints when forming naked-eye stereoscopic display, which can avoid the reduction of stereoscopic display resolution and increase the number of viewpoints in three-dimensional stereoscopic display, thereby increasing the viewing range and improving the stereoscopic display effect.

[0059] The following description uses a cylindrical lens array as an example of a light modulation component, and refers to the accompanying drawings to illustrate the three-dimensional display device provided in the embodiments of this disclosure. Figure 2A This is a schematic diagram of a second structure of a three-dimensional display device in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 2B This is a schematic diagram of a third structure of a three-dimensional display device in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein, Figure 2A This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a 3D display device. Figure 2B This is a planar schematic diagram of a 3D display device.

[0060] like Figure 2A and Figure 2B As shown, the three-dimensional display device may include: a two-dimensional display panel 11 and a cylindrical lens array 12 disposed on one side of the two-dimensional display panel 11. The two-dimensional display panel 11 may include: a plurality of pixels arranged in an array along a first direction DR1 and a second direction DR2. Each pixel may include: a plurality of sub-pixels. The cylindrical lens array 12 may include: a plurality of cylindrical lenses 121 arranged parallel to each other and sequentially along the first direction DR1, i.e., each light modulation structure may be a cylindrical lens 121. The entire sub-pixel covered by at least one cylindrical lens 121 may be divided into at least one repeating unit, and the at least one repeating unit may be sequentially arranged along the extending direction DR0 of the at least one cylindrical lens. Here, in... Figure 2B In this illustration, two cylindrical lenses 121 (including a first cylindrical lens 121-1 and a second cylindrical lens 121-2 arranged sequentially along the first direction DR1) are used as an example. Furthermore, one repeating unit (i.e., ...) is shown among the multiple repeating units divided into all sub-pixels in the two-dimensional display panel 11 covered by the first cylindrical lens 121-1. Figure 2B (The part shown within the dashed box).

[0061] In one exemplary embodiment, the sub-pixel covered by at least one light modulation structure (i.e., a cylindrical lens) can refer to a sub-pixel that undergoes light splitting through the at least one light modulation structure (i.e., a cylindrical lens). For example, such as Figure 2B As shown, Figure 2B This shows a repeating unit corresponding to the first cylindrical lens 121-1 (i.e. Figure 2B The portion shown within the dashed box contains multiple subpixels (including subpixels 0 to 50). Here, in Figure 2BIn this text, the viewpoint number on the subpixel is for illustrative purposes only and does not represent the actual viewpoint number; the number of subpixels in a repeating unit is for illustrative purposes only and does not represent the actual number of subpixels contained in a repeating unit.

[0062] In one exemplary embodiment, the area where the orthographic projection of a cylindrical lens onto the two-dimensional display panel 11 is located can be considered as the target area. Subpixels located in the target area with an area greater than 1 / 2 of the subpixel area can be regarded as subpixels covered by the cylindrical lens. That is, subpixels located in the target area with an area greater than 1 / 2 of the subpixel area are subjected to light splitting by the cylindrical lens. For example, as Figure 2B As shown, when Figure 2B When the area of ​​sub-pixel #2 located in the first row and eighteenth column that falls within the first cylindrical lens 121-1 is greater than half the sub-pixel area, while the area of ​​sub-pixel #2 located in the first row and eighteenth column that falls within the second cylindrical lens 121-2 is less than half the sub-pixel area, then sub-pixel #2 located in the first row and eighteenth column can be considered as a sub-pixel covered by the first cylindrical lens 121-1. That is, sub-pixel #2 located in the first row and eighteenth column can be split by the first cylindrical lens 121-1. For example, when Figure 2B When the area of ​​sub-pixel No. 1 located in the second row and eighteenth column that falls into the first cylindrical lens 121-1 and the area that falls into the second cylindrical lens 121-2 are both equal to 1 / 2 of the sub-pixel area, sub-pixel No. 1 located in the second row and eighteenth column can be regarded as the sub-pixel covered by the first cylindrical lens 121-1. That is, sub-pixel No. 1 located in the second row and eighteenth column can be split by the first cylindrical lens 121-1.

[0063] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 2B As shown, the cylindrical lens 121 (i.e., the light modulation structure) covers 17 pixels, and each pixel can include 3 sub-pixels. Among them, in Figure 2B The following is an example illustrating the concept of pixels, which include red sub-pixels (R sub-pixels), green sub-pixels (G sub-pixels), and blue sub-pixels (B sub-pixels).

[0064] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 2B As shown, the tilt angle θ between the extension direction DR0 and the second direction DR2 of the cylindrical lens 121 (i.e., the light modulation structure) can be approximately between 5° and 10°. The extension direction DR0 intersects the first direction DR1 and the second direction DR2. This embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit this. Thus, K viewpoints can be provided by arranging the cylindrical lenses obliquely. Figure 2B The number marked on each sub-pixel is the sequence number of the viewpoint it is responsible for displaying. Figure 2BThe CCP shows the serial numbers of 51 viewpoints. With the cylindrical lens 121 and the two-dimensional display panel 11 presenting at a certain angle, the relative positions of the pixels in the two-dimensional display panel and the cylindrical lens can be periodically changed through layout design. For example, Figure 2B The 51 sub-pixels within the dashed box constitute one cycle (i.e.) Figure 2B The subpixels 0 to 50 shown within the dashed box can be considered a repeating unit, forming a 3D pixel. Here, the distance from the subpixel corresponding to different viewpoints to the axis of the corresponding cylindrical lens is different (i.e., Figure 2B Since the distance from the sub-pixel with different viewpoint numbers to the axis of the corresponding cylindrical lens is different, the light rays emitted by the sub-pixels corresponding to different viewpoint numbers in all different repeating units exit at different angles after passing through their respective cylindrical lenses. Thus, the light rays emitted by the sub-pixels corresponding to different viewpoint numbers in all different repeating units achieve spatial separation of different viewpoints (i.e., the light rays emitted by the sub-pixels corresponding to the same viewpoint number in all different repeating units form a single viewpoint after passing through their respective cylindrical lenses). This spatially separates or isolates the left-eye image portion and the right-eye image portion displayed on the 2D display panel in the direction of the user's left and right eyes, respectively, thereby achieving 3D display. The axis of the cylindrical lens can refer to the straight line DR0 that evenly divides the cylindrical lens along its extension direction.

[0065] In one exemplary embodiment, sub-pixels at the same position in different repeating units may correspond to the same viewpoint. Figure 3 The diagram illustrates how six sub-pixels in the first row of eight repeating units (divided by horizontal curly braces "{") are split by corresponding cylindrical lenses to form six viewpoints. Figure 3 As shown, light emitted from sub-pixels at the same position in different repeating units is projected onto different areas in space to form six viewpoints. This allows different parallax images to be imaged at different positions in space and enter the viewer's left and right eyes respectively, thus achieving a naked-eye 3D display effect (i.e., multi-viewpoint display). Here, in Figure 3 In this context, the number of subpixels does not represent the number of subpixels contained in an actual row of subpixels within the actual repeating unit.

[0066] In one exemplary embodiment, the focal length f of the cylindrical lens can satisfy the following relationship:

[0067]

[0068] Where f represents the focal length of the cylindrical lens, n represents the refractive index of the cylindrical lens, and r represents the radius of curvature of the cylindrical lens surface. The focal length, also known as the focal length, is a measure of the convergence or divergence of light in an optical system; it refers to the distance from the center of the lens to the focal point where light converges.

[0069] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, the parameters of the cylindrical lens can satisfy the following relationship:

[0070]

[0071]

[0072]

[0073] Substituting formula (2) into formula (3), we can obtain the following relationship between the parameters of the cylindrical lens:

[0074]

[0075] Substituting formula (2) into formula (4), we can obtain the following relationship between the parameters of the cylindrical lens:

[0076] d=nf-nD formula (7);

[0077] Where f represents the focal length of the cylindrical lens, d represents the thickness of the cylindrical lens, p represents the aperture of the cylindrical lens, and W... p Let L represent the width of the subpixel, Q represent the viewing distance of the 3D display device, n represent the refractive index of the cylindrical lens, D represent the distance between the 2D display panel and the light modulation component, and K represent the number of viewpoints in the 3D display device. Here, the viewing distance L of the 3D display device can refer to the dimensional feature of the distance from the human eye's observation point (e.g., the viewpoint) to the light modulation component 10 along the third direction DR3 (i.e., the thickness direction of the 3D display device). The distance D between the 2D display panel 11 and the light modulation component 10 can also refer to the dimensional feature of the distance between the 2D display panel 11 and the light modulation component 10 along the third direction DR3 (i.e., the thickness direction of the 3D display device).

[0078] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, the two-dimensional display panel 11 can be located at the focal plane of the cylindrical lens array 12. Here, Figure 4 The illustration uses only one cylindrical lens 121 from the cylindrical lens array 12 as an example. The focal plane can be a plane passing through the focal point f and perpendicular to the principal optical axis of the cylindrical lens array 12. For example, as... Figure 2AAs shown, the three-dimensional display device may include: a two-dimensional display panel 11, a spacer medium layer (not shown) disposed on the light-emitting side of the two-dimensional display panel 11, and a cylindrical lens array 12 disposed on the side of the spacer medium layer away from the two-dimensional display panel 11. The cylindrical lens array 12 is configured to provide K viewpoints and project light emitted from pixels corresponding to different viewpoints into different spatial regions to achieve three-dimensional display (i.e., multi-viewpoint display). The spacer medium layer has a certain thickness D along the third direction DR3 and is configured to ensure that the two-dimensional display panel 11 can be located on the focal plane of the cylindrical lens array 12 to obtain the best collimation effect. For example, the spacer medium layer can be bonded between the two-dimensional display panel 11 and the cylindrical lens array 12, and the material of the spacer medium layer can be transparent materials such as glass or PET (polyethylene terephthalate). This embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit this aspect.

[0079] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, the relationship between the sub-pixel position and the position of the human eye (observation point, viewpoint) can satisfy the following equation:

[0080]

[0081] Where h represents the height between the center of the sub-pixel and the center of the cylindrical lens 121 along the first direction DR1, f represents the focal length of the cylindrical lens 121, L represents the observation distance corresponding to the three-dimensional display device (i.e., the distance between the center of the human eye and the cylindrical lens along the third direction DR3), and v represents the distance between the center of the human eye and the cylindrical lens 121 along the first direction DR1. Here, in this embodiment of the present disclosure, the symbol f can represent both the focal length of the cylindrical lens 121 and the focal point of the cylindrical lens.

[0082] In one exemplary embodiment, the focal length f of the cylindrical lens can be between approximately 0.3 mm and 2 mm. This disclosure does not limit the scope of the embodiment.

[0083] In one exemplary embodiment, the thickness d of the cylindrical lens can be approximately between 0.5 mm and 1 mm. The thickness of the cylindrical lens can refer to the dimensional characteristic of the cylindrical lens along a third direction DR3. This disclosure does not limit this aspect.

[0084] In one exemplary embodiment, the aperture p of the cylindrical lens can be approximately between 300 μm and 1000 μm, that is, the width W of the light modulation structure can be approximately between 300 μm and 1000 μm. Here, the aperture of the cylindrical lens can refer to the dimensional characteristics of the cylindrical lens along the first direction DR1. This disclosure does not limit this aspect.

[0085] The following description uses a slit grating as an example to illustrate the three-dimensional display device provided in the embodiments of this disclosure, with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figure 5AThis is a schematic diagram of a fourth structure of a three-dimensional display device in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 5B This is a schematic diagram of a fifth structure of a three-dimensional display device in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein, Figure 5A This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a 3D display device. Figure 5B This is a planar schematic diagram of a 3D display device.

[0086] like Figure 5A and Figure 5B As shown, the three-dimensional display device may include: a two-dimensional display panel 11 and a slit grating 13 disposed on one side of the two-dimensional display panel 11. The two-dimensional display panel 11 may include: a plurality of pixels arranged in an array along a first direction DR1 and a second direction DR2. Each pixel may include: a plurality of sub-pixels. The slit grating 13 may include: a plurality of strip-shaped light-transmitting portions 132 and a plurality of strip-shaped light-blocking portions 131 arranged parallel to each other and alternately along the first direction DR1. That is, each light modulation structure may be a combination of a strip-shaped light-transmitting portion 132 and half-strip-shaped light-blocking portions 131 located on both sides of the strip-shaped light-transmitting portion 132 along the first direction DR1. The sub-pixels covered by at least one light modulation structure (i.e., a combination of a strip-shaped light-transmitting portion 132 and half-strip-shaped light-blocking portions 131 located on both sides of the strip-shaped light-transmitting portion 132 along the first direction DR1) may be divided into at least one repeating unit, and the at least one repeating unit may be arranged sequentially along the extension direction DR0 of the at least one cylindrical lens. Here, in Figure 5B Taking the three strip-shaped light-blocking portions 131 and two strip-shaped light-transmitting portions 132 (including: the first strip-shaped light-blocking portion 131-1, the first strip-shaped light-transmitting portion 132-1, the second strip-shaped light-blocking portion 131-2, the second strip-shaped light-transmitting portion 132-2 and the third strip-shaped light-blocking portion 131-3 arranged sequentially along the first direction DR1) in the slit grating 13 as an example, and showing one repeating unit (i.e., a combination of a portion of the first strip-shaped light-blocking portion 131-1, the first strip-shaped light-transmitting portion 132-1 and a portion of the second strip-shaped light-blocking portion 131-2) in the two-dimensional display panel 11 covered by a light modulation structure (i.e., a portion of the first strip-shaped light-blocking portion 131-1, a portion of the first strip-shaped light-transmitting portion 132-1 and a portion of the second strip-shaped light-blocking portion 131-2) among all the repeating units of all the sub-pixels in the two-dimensional display panel 11, the total number of repeating units is shown. Figure 5B (The portion shown within the dashed box).

[0087] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 5BAs shown, a sub-pixel covered by a light modulation structure (e.g., a combination of a portion of the first strip-shaped light-blocking portion 131-1, a portion of the first strip-shaped light-transmitting portion 132-1, and a portion of the second strip-shaped light-blocking portion 131-2) can refer to a sub-pixel that splits light through the first strip-shaped light-transmitting portion 132-1. A sub-pixel covered by a light modulation structure (e.g., a combination of another portion of the second strip-shaped light-blocking portion 131-2, a portion of the second strip-shaped light-transmitting portion 132-2, and a portion of the third strip-shaped light-blocking portion 131-3) can refer to a sub-pixel that splits light through the second strip-shaped light-transmitting portion 132-2. Wherein, Figure 5B This illustrates multiple sub-pixels (including sub-pixels 0 through 50) within a repeating unit. Here, in... Figure 5B In this context, the viewpoint number on a subpixel does not represent the actual viewpoint number, and the number of subpixels does not represent the actual number of subpixels contained in the actual repeating unit.

[0088] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 5B As shown, the tilt angle θ between the extending direction DR0 and the second direction DR2 of the slit grating (i.e., the strip-shaped light-transmitting portion 132 and the strip-shaped light-blocking portion 131) can be approximately between 5° and 10°. The extending direction DR0 intersects the first direction DR1 and the second direction DR2. This embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit this aspect. Thus, K viewpoints can be provided by arranging the slit gratings obliquely. Figure 5B The number marked on each sub-pixel is the sequence number of the viewpoint it is responsible for displaying. Figure 5B The CCP shows the serial numbers of 51 viewpoints. With a certain angle between the slit grating and the two-dimensional display panel 11, the relative positions of the pixels and the strip-shaped light-transmitting parts in the two-dimensional display panel 11 can be periodically varied through layout design. For example, Figure 5B The 51 sub-pixels within the dashed box constitute one cycle (i.e.) Figure 5B The subpixels 0 to 50 shown within the dashed box can be considered a repeating unit, forming a 3D pixel. Here, the distance from the subpixel corresponding to the viewpoint to the axis of the corresponding strip of light transmission is different (i.e., Figure 5BSince the distance from the axis of the strip-shaped light-transmitting part to the sub-pixels with different viewpoint numbers is different, the angles at which the light emitted from the sub-pixels corresponding to different viewpoint numbers in all different repeating units exit through their respective strip-shaped light-transmitting parts are different. Thus, the light emitted from the sub-pixels corresponding to different viewpoint numbers in all different repeating units achieves spatial separation of different viewpoints (i.e., the light emitted from the sub-pixels corresponding to the same viewpoint number in all different repeating units forms a single viewpoint after passing through their respective strip-shaped light-transmitting parts). This spatially separates or isolates the left-eye image portion and the right-eye image portion displayed on the 2D display panel in the direction of the user's left and right eyes, respectively, thereby achieving 3D display. The axis of the strip-shaped light-transmitting part can refer to a straight line that evenly divides the strip-shaped light-transmitting part along its extension direction DR0.

[0089] In one exemplary embodiment, sub-pixels at the same position in different repeating units may correspond to the same viewpoint. Figure 6 The diagram illustrates how six sub-pixels in the first row of eight repeating units (divided by horizontal curly braces "{") form six viewpoints after light passes through their corresponding strips of light-transmitting portions. Figure 6 As shown, light emitted from sub-pixels at the same position in different repeating units is projected onto different areas in space to form six viewpoints. This allows different parallax images to be imaged at different positions in space and enter the viewer's left and right eyes respectively, thus achieving a naked-eye 3D display effect (i.e., multi-viewpoint display). Here, in Figure 6 In this context, the number of subpixels does not represent the number of subpixels contained in an actual row of subpixels within the actual repeating unit.

[0090] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 6 As shown, based on the principle of triangle similarity, the parameters of the slit grating can satisfy the following relationship:

[0091]

[0092]

[0093]

[0094] W s =W w +W b Formula (12);

[0095] From formula (9), the parameters of the slit grating can satisfy the following relationship:

[0096]

[0097] Substituting formula (13) into formula (10), we can obtain that the parameters of the slit grating can satisfy the following relationship:

[0098]

[0099] Substituting formula (13) into formula (11), we can obtain that the parameters of the slit grating satisfy the following relationship:

[0100]

[0101] Among them, W s W represents the grating pitch of the slit grating. w W represents the width of the strip-shaped light-transmitting portion. b W represents the width of the strip-shaped light-blocking section. p Q represents the width of a subpixel, D represents the distance between adjacent viewpoints, K represents the distance between the 2D display panel and the light modulation component, L represents the number of viewpoints in the 3D display device, and L represents the observation distance corresponding to the 3D display device.

[0102] Here, the width W of the subpixel p This can refer to the dimensional characteristics of a sub-pixel along the first direction DR1. The grating pitch W of the slit grating. s This can refer to the dimensional characteristics of the slit grating along the first direction DR1, i.e., the width W of the light modulation structure. The width of the strip-shaped light-transmitting portion can be W. w This refers to the dimensional characteristics of the strip-shaped light-transmitting portion along the first direction DR1. The width of the strip-shaped light-blocking portion can be W. b This refers to the dimensional characteristics of the strip-shaped light-shielding portion along the first direction DR1. The observation distance L corresponding to the three-dimensional display device can refer to the dimensional characteristics of the distance between the human eye's observation point (e.g., viewpoint) and the light modulation component 10 along the third direction DR3 (i.e., the thickness direction of the three-dimensional display device). The distance D between the two-dimensional display panel 11 and the light modulation component 10 can refer to the dimensional characteristics of the distance between the two-dimensional display panel 11 and the light modulation component 10 along the third direction DR3 (i.e., the thickness direction of the three-dimensional display device).

[0103] In one exemplary embodiment, the width W of the strip-shaped light-transmitting portion w The width W of the strip-shaped light-blocking part is smaller than b .

[0104] In one exemplary embodiment, the grating pitch W of the slit grating s The width W of the light modulation structure can be between approximately 300 μm and 1000 μm. However, this disclosure does not limit the width of the structure.

[0105] In one exemplary embodiment, the two-dimensional display panel can be a high-resolution display panel. For example, the high-resolution display panel can be a 4K display panel (e.g., a standard 4K resolution of 4096*2160) or an 8K display panel (e.g., a standard 8K resolution of 7680*4320), etc. Here, this disclosure does not limit the scope of the embodiment.

[0106] In one exemplary embodiment, the size of the two-dimensional display panel may be approximately 15.6 inches. The size of the two-dimensional display panel can refer to the diagonal dimension of the effective display area. This disclosure does not limit this aspect.

[0107] In one exemplary embodiment, the subpixel width W p This can depend on the hardware parameters of the 2D display panel (e.g., the size or resolution of the 2D display panel). For example, taking a 4K 2D display panel as an example, the subpixel width W... p It can be approximately 90.9 μm.

[0108] In one exemplary embodiment, the two-dimensional display panel may include, but is not limited to, a liquid crystal display panel. This disclosure does not limit the scope of the embodiment.

[0109] The following description uses a liquid crystal display panel as an example of a two-dimensional display panel, and refers to the accompanying drawings to illustrate the three-dimensional display device in the embodiments of this disclosure. Figure 7A This is a schematic diagram of the sixth structure of the three-dimensional display device in the embodiments of this disclosure. Figure 7B This is a schematic diagram of the seventh structure of the three-dimensional display device in the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0110] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 7A and Figure 7B As shown, the two-dimensional display panel 11 can be a liquid crystal display panel, and the two-dimensional display panel 11 can include: an array substrate 111 and a counter substrate 112 disposed opposite to each other, and a liquid crystal layer 113 disposed between the array substrate 111 and the counter substrate 112.

[0111] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 7A and Figure 7B As shown, the three-dimensional display device may further include: a backlight module 20 located on the light-incident side of the two-dimensional display panel 11 (i.e., liquid crystal display panel), configured to provide backlight to the two-dimensional display panel 11, and the two-dimensional display panel 11 configured to receive the backlight and display different grayscale colors.

[0112] In one exemplary embodiment, depending on the position of the backlight source, the backlight module may include, but is not limited to, any one of a direct-lit backlight module and an edge-lit backlight module. This disclosure does not limit the scope of the embodiment.

[0113] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 7A As shown, taking a direct-lit backlight module as an example, the backlight module 20 may include a backlight 201 and a light-diffusing sheet 202 located between the backlight 201 and the two-dimensional display panel 11 (i.e., the liquid crystal display panel).

[0114] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 7B As shown, taking a side-lit backlight module as an example, the backlight module 20 includes: a backlight 201, a reflector 204, a light guide 203, and a light homogenizer 202. The reflector 204, the light guide 203, and the light homogenizer 202 can be stacked sequentially along the third direction DR3. The reflector 204 is located on the first side of the light guide 203 away from the two-dimensional display panel 11 (i.e., the liquid crystal display panel). The light homogenizer 202 is located on the second side of the light guide 203 close to the two-dimensional display panel 11 (i.e., the liquid crystal display panel). The backlight 201 is located on the third side of the light guide 203. The first side and the second side are arranged opposite to each other, and the third side intersects with the first side and the second side.

[0115] In one exemplary embodiment, the backlight source may be one or more light-emitting diodes.

[0116] As verified by the inventors of this disclosure, Figure 8 This is a graph showing the angular spectrum test results of a three-dimensional display device in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, wherein... Figure 8 The diagram shows angular spectrum test curves corresponding to 51 viewpoints. Figure 8 In the diagram, the horizontal axis represents angle, measured in arcminutes ('), ranging from -70 to 70 degrees; the vertical axis represents brightness, measured in nits (nt), ranging from 0 to 100. For example... Figure 8 As shown, the three-dimensional display device provided in the exemplary embodiment of this disclosure has a brightness range of 30 to 90 corresponding to 51 viewpoints when the viewing angle is between -32' (angular minutes) and 27' (angular minutes). Thus, when forming a naked-eye stereoscopic display, the three-dimensional display device provided in the exemplary embodiment of this disclosure can obtain continuous and dense viewpoints, increase the viewing range, avoid the reduction in stereoscopic display resolution, and increase the number of viewpoints, thereby improving the stereoscopic display effect.

[0117] In addition, the three-dimensional display device in this embodiment may include other necessary components and structures besides the two-dimensional display panel and light modulation components described above, such as pixel driving circuits and source driver circuits. Those skilled in the art can design and supplement accordingly according to the type of the three-dimensional display device, which will not be elaborated here.

[0118] In one exemplary embodiment, the three-dimensional display device can be implemented in various forms. For example, the three-dimensional display device can include, but is not limited to, any product or component with display function such as a mobile phone, tablet computer, television, monitor, laptop computer, navigator, or three-dimensional electronic sand table. Here, the embodiments of this disclosure do not limit the type of display device. Other essential components of the display device are those that should be understood by those skilled in the art, and will not be described in detail here, nor should they be construed as limiting the present disclosure.

[0119] While the embodiments disclosed herein are as described above, the above content is merely for the purpose of facilitating understanding of this disclosure and is not intended to limit this disclosure. Any person skilled in the art to which this disclosure pertains may make any modifications and changes in the form and details of the implementation without departing from the spirit and scope disclosed herein, but the scope of patent protection of this disclosure shall still be determined by the scope defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional display device, characterized in that, The application relates to a three-dimensional display device, comprising: a two-dimensional display panel and a light ray modulation component arranged on one side of the two-dimensional display panel, wherein the two-dimensional display panel comprises a plurality of pixels arranged in an array along a first direction and a second direction, each pixel comprising a plurality of sub-pixels, and the second direction intersects the first direction; the light ray modulation component comprises a plurality of light ray modulation structures arranged periodically along the first direction, all sub-pixels covered by at least one light ray modulation structure are divided into at least one repeating unit, and light rays emitted by sub-pixels at the same position in all repeating units form a view point after passing through the corresponding light ray modulation structure; parameters of the three-dimensional display device satisfy the following relationship: wherein W represents a width of the light ray modulation structure, W p represents a width of a sub-pixel, Q represents a distance of interval between adjacent view points, K represents a number of view points that the three-dimensional display device has, and the width refers to a size characteristic along the first direction; sub-pixels covered by each light ray modulation structure refer to sub-pixels in a target area with an area greater than 1 / 2 of the area of a sub-pixel, the target area refers to an area where a normal projection of each light ray modulation structure on the two-dimensional display panel is located; at least one repeating unit divided by all sub-pixels covered by at least one light ray modulation structure is arranged along the extension direction of the at least one light ray modulation structure; the number of pixels covered by the light ray modulation structure is 17, and the pixel comprises three sub-pixels; the observation distance L of the three-dimensional display device is between 50 cm and 60 cm, and the viewing angle is between 35 DEG and 45 DEG; to realize continuous dense view points, increase the viewing range, and improve the stereoscopic display effect.

2. The three-dimensional display apparatus of claim 1, wherein In the thickness direction of the three-dimensional display device, the distance D between the two-dimensional display panel and the light ray modulation component is between 0.3 mm and 0.9 mm.

3. The three-dimensional display apparatus of claim 1, wherein The width W of the light ray modulation structure is between 300 mu m and 1000 mu m.

4. The three-dimensional display apparatus of claim 1, wherein The inclination angle between the extension direction of the light ray modulation structure and the second direction is between 5 DEG and 10 DEG.

5. The three-dimensional display apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein The light ray modulation component comprises any one or more of a column lens array and a slit grating, the column lens array comprises a plurality of column lenses, the light ray modulation structure is the column lens, the slit grating comprises a plurality of strip-shaped light-transmitting parts and a plurality of strip-shaped light-blocking parts arranged alternately, and the light ray modulation structure is a combination of the strip-shaped light-transmitting parts and the strip-shaped light-blocking parts.

6. The three-dimensional display apparatus of claim 5, wherein The two-dimensional display panel is located on the focal plane of the column lens array.

7. The three-dimensional display apparatus of claim 5, wherein wherein parameters of the column lens satisfy the following relationship: d = nf - nD; wherein f represents a focal length of the cylindrical lens, d represents a thickness of the cylindrical lens, p represents an aperture of the cylindrical lens, W p wherein W represents a width of a sub-pixel, L represents a viewing distance corresponding to the three-dimensional display device, Q represents a distance between adjacent view points, n represents a refractive index of the cylindrical lens, D represents a distance between the two-dimensional display panel and the light ray modulation component, and K represents a number of view points of the three-dimensional display device.

8. The three-dimensional display apparatus of claim 7, wherein the focal length f of the column lens is between 0.3 mm and 2 mm.

9. The three-dimensional display apparatus of claim 7, wherein, the thickness d of the column lens is between 0.5 mm and 1 mm.

10. The three-dimensional display apparatus of claim 5, wherein wherein parameters of the slit grating satisfy the following relationship: W s = W w + W b ; wherein W s represents a grating pitch of a slit grating, W w represents a width of a strip-shaped light-transmitting portion, W b represents a width of a strip-shaped light-blocking portion, W p represents a width of a sub-pixel, Q represents an interval distance between adjacent view points, D represents a distance between the two-dimensional display panel and the light ray modulation assembly, K represents a number of view points that the three-dimensional display device has, and L represents a corresponding observation distance of the three-dimensional display device.

11. The three-dimensional display apparatus of claim 10, wherein, The width W of the strip-shaped light-transmitting portion w The width W of the strip-shaped light-transmitting portion b .

12. The three-dimensional display apparatus of claim 1, wherein, the two-dimensional display panel is a liquid crystal display panel, and the three-dimensional display device further comprises a backlight module; wherein the backlight module is located on the light-incident side of the liquid crystal display panel and comprises any one of a direct backlight module and an edge backlight module.

13. The three-dimensional display apparatus of claim 12, wherein, The direct backlight module comprises a backlight source and a light uniformizing sheet located between the backlight source and the liquid crystal display panel.

14. The three-dimensional display apparatus of claim 12, wherein, The side-in backlight module comprises a backlight source, a reflector, a light guide plate and a light uniformizer, the reflector, the light guide plate and the light uniformizer are sequentially stacked along a third direction, the reflector is located at a first side of the light guide plate away from the liquid crystal display panel, the light uniformizer is located at a second side of the light guide plate close to the liquid crystal display panel, the backlight source is located at a third side of the light guide plate, the first side and the second side are oppositely arranged, and the third side intersects with the first side and the second side.

Images