An ecological restoration system for eroding coastal zones and a method for restoring it

Abstract

The application discloses an ecological restoration system for an eroded coastal zone, which comprises a shore connecting bio-reef structure constructed at a shore connecting position of the coastal zone; a low beach bio-reef structure constructed in a low beach area of the coastal zone and located behind the shore connecting bio-reef structure; first restoration native vegetation planted in the low beach area of the coastal zone and located behind the low beach bio-reef structure; second restoration native vegetation planted in a front half section of a medium-high beach area of the coastal zone; a plurality of tidal creeks constructed in the front half section of the medium-high beach area of the coastal zone and spaced apart in a direction perpendicular to a coastline; a tidal pool constructed in a rear half section of the medium-high beach area of the coastal zone; and an ecological reconstruction revetment constructed on a revetment of a sea dike. A restoration method for the ecological restoration system is also disclosed. The application has the advantages of obvious treatment effect, significant ecological support effect and outstanding disaster reduction effect.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of ecological restoration engineering, and particularly relates to an erosion coast zone ecological restoration system and a restoration method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] The coast zone ecological system such as salt marsh wetland, as a land-sea junction zone, plays a variety of ecological and social values such as water conservation, water quality purification, climate regulation, wave reduction and disaster mitigation, biological diversity maintenance, product supply and carbon sink support. However, due to the urban expansion caused by the rapid development of the coastal economic zone and the sea level rise, coastal erosion and invasion of alien species caused by global climate change, the coast zone ecological system is facing the squeeze from both land and sea, resulting in different degrees of structure and function damage and degradation.

[0003] On the one hand, the global climate warming caused by the sea level rise leads to the recession of the coast zone ecological system worldwide, especially the erosion coast zone. On the other hand, the alien invasive species such as Spartina alterniflora will squeeze the living space of the original coast zone native vegetation, especially the herbaceous vegetation, causing the serious degradation of the local vegetation such as Spartina anglica and reed, the compression of the intertidal zone benthic organisms and birds living space, and the serious damage of the original structure of the coast zone ecological system, especially the salt marsh wetland, and the sharp decline of the service function. Therefore, the ecological restoration of the coast zone ecological system, especially the restoration of marine organisms and salt marsh plants in the erosion coast zone, has become the top priority of the current coast zone ecological space quality improvement.

[0004] At present, only by removing the alien invasive species and restoring the native vegetation, the low tide zone and the subtidal zone are not repaired and controlled, resulting in the difficulty of planting the native vegetation in the strong scouring environment or causing the secondary invasion of the alien species Spartina alterniflora, leading to the failure of the project.

[0005] Part of the project restores the coast zone ecological system such as salt marsh wetland while slowing down the erosion of the strong scouring tidal water to the coast zone ecological system substrate by arranging the twisted king block body and riprap in the low tide zone. This method has the advantages of simple operation and short construction period, but its ecological property is poor, and it needs to be maintained regularly in the strong scouring coast zone, increasing the economic cost. Moreover, the construction of a single beach protection dam at the edge of the coast zone near the sea side is easy to cause the explosion of the tidal kinetic energy at the dam body, which will gradually form a deep and pressing coast situation, causing the continuous damage of the coast zone ecological system.

[0006] At the same time, too many traditional reinforced concrete structures block the connection channel of energy and matter of the marine and coast zone ecological system through hydrology, which is not conducive to the improvement of the near-sea marine ecological environment and the restoration of the community structure and population number of marine organisms.

[0007] Therefore, how to form an organic whole of the coastal zone ecosystem and the offshore sea area, and how to achieve the tide erosion mitigation of the offshore sea area, the protection and restoration of the coastal zone ecosystem, the re-planting of native species, and the improvement of the abundance and biodiversity of marine species in the erosive coastal zone have become the top priority of the ecological restoration of the erosive coastal zone.

[0008] To this end, the applicant has found a method to solve the above problems through beneficial exploration and research, and the technical solution to be introduced below is generated in this background. SUMMARY

[0009] One of the purposes of the present application is to provide an erosive coastal zone ecological restoration system that improves ecological management effect, enhances ecological support effect, and improves wave reduction and disaster mitigation effect.

[0010] The second purpose of the present application is to provide a restoration method for the above-mentioned erosive coastal zone ecological restoration system.

[0011] As an erosive coastal zone ecological restoration system according to the first aspect of the present application, comprising:

[0012] a shore-approaching bio-reef structure constructed at a shore-approaching part of the coastal zone;

[0013] a low-tide bio-reef structure constructed in a low-tide area of the coastal zone and located behind the shore-approaching bio-reef structure;

[0014] a first restoration native vegetation planted in the low-tide area of the coastal zone and located behind the low-tide bio-reef structure;

[0015] a second restoration native vegetation planted in a front half part of a middle-high-tide area of the coastal zone and located behind the first restoration native vegetation;

[0016] a plurality of tidal ditches constructed in the front half part of the middle-high-tide area of the coastal zone and located in the second restoration native vegetation, and spaced apart in a direction perpendicular to the coastline;

[0017] a tidal pool constructed in a rear half part of the middle-high-tide area of the coastal zone and located behind the second restoration native vegetation; and

[0018] an ecological reconstruction revetment constructed on the revetment of the seawall.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the shore-approaching bio-reef structure adopts a narrow and long planar structure and is arranged perpendicular to the coastline, the cross section of the shore-approaching bio-reef structure along the long axis direction is a gradual change structure, the bottom thereof is in contact with the beach at the shore-approaching part of the coastal zone, and the end surface thereof along the short axis direction is a trapezoidal structure.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the shore-approaching bio-reef structure comprises:

[0021] A soft concrete interlocking block layer laid at the shoreline of the coastal zone;

[0022] a riprap layer laid on the concrete interlocking block soft layer;

[0023] A bioherm constructed on the riprap layer, wherein the bioherm is composed of a plurality of reef layers stacked from bottom to top, and each reef layer is composed of a plurality of reinforced concrete four-legged hollow blocks arranged at intervals; and

[0024] Twist block pressure feet are laid on the riprap layer and located at the foot guards on both sides of the bioherm.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the low-shoal bioherm structure is composed of a number of trapezoidal composite bioherm bodies constructed in the low-shoal area of ​​the coastal zone in a direction perpendicular to the coastline, and each trapezoidal composite bioherm body is composed of a number of bioherm monomers arranged side by side along the coastline.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bioreef unit is a reinforced concrete structure, and oyster shells are inserted into the surface of the structure at intervals.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the plant used for the first restoration of native vegetation is Spinach scutellaria baicalensis; and the plant used for the second restoration of native vegetation is Phragmites australis.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the tidal pool is cast on-site using ecological cement and existing scattered gravel.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it also includes an ecological monitoring platform, which is composed of a coastal ecosystem restoration monitoring system, a marine disaster early warning system, a marine ecological monitoring system, and a salt marsh wetland ecological monitoring system.

[0030] As a second aspect of the present invention, a restoration method for an eroded coastal zone ecological restoration system comprises the following steps:

[0031] Step S10, constructing a shore-joining bio-reef structure at the shore of the coastal zone;

[0032] Step S20, constructing a low-shoal bioherm structure in the low-shoal area of ​​the coastal zone and behind the shore-connected bioherm structure;

[0033] Step S30, removing Spartina alterniflora in the low beach area and the middle and high beach area of ​​the coastal zone;

[0034] Step S40, planting first restoration native vegetation behind the low-tide biological reef structure in the low-tide area of the coastal zone, and planting second restoration native vegetation behind the first restoration native vegetation in the front half of the middle-high-tide area of the coastal zone;

[0035] Step S50, constructing several rows of tidal ditches in the front half of the middle-high-tide area of the coastal zone, spaced apart along a direction perpendicular to the coastline, and within the second restoration native vegetation;

[0036] Step S60, constructing a tidal pool behind the second restoration native vegetation in the rear half of the middle-high-tide area of the coastal zone;

[0037] Step S70, ecologically reconstructing the seawall revetment.

[0038] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, in step S30, the Spartina alterniflora in the low-tide area and the middle-high-tide area of the coastal zone is removed, including the following steps:

[0039] Step S31, mowing the Spartina alterniflora in the low-tide area and the middle-high-tide area of the coastal zone during the flowering period, the number of mowing times being determined according to the recurrence of the Spartina alterniflora, preferably 2-3 times;

[0040] Step S32, after mowing the Spartina alterniflora, plowing the exposed beach, the plowing depth being 50-60 cm, and after each plowing, the plowed Spartina alterniflora roots need to be cleaned and packed out of the field;

[0041] Step S33, covering the exposed beach in the plowed area with water-absorbing and light-blocking geotextile, and fixing the geotextile, the shading and covering time being 3-6 months.

[0042] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, in step S40, the plants used in the first restoration native vegetation are Scirpus mariqueter, which are planted in patch recovery by combining the bulb method and the transplanting method; the plants used in the second restoration native vegetation are Phragmites australis, which are planted in recovery by using the mound transplanting method and / or the green reed with root transplanting method.

[0043] Due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0044] 1. Systematic protection and restoration. The present application protects and restores the coastal zone systematically, extending from the subtidal zone to the dam, and truly connecting the coastal zone longitudinally into an organic whole;

[0045] 2. The ecological effect is prominent. The present application not only realizes the ecological restoration of the salt marsh wetland and other coastal systems, eliminates the harm of the alien invasive species, but also provides living space for the offshore marine organisms by reducing the current velocity and improving the habitat, which can significantly improve the population number and density of the nearshore ecosystem;

[0046] 3. The disaster reduction effect is prominent. The present application reduces the erosion of the coastal system by the secondary reduction of the strong erosion current by the shore-attached reef and low-tide reef, effectively reduces the erosion hazard of the coastal system; at the same time, the restored multi-level salt marsh wetland has a significant reduction effect on the wave, and the disaster reduction effect is prominent;

[0047] 4. The carbon sink value is obvious. The present application not only can effectively reduce the strong current, but also can greatly avoid the loss of wetland sediments after the mowing and plowing of Spartina alterniflora, reducing the loss of carbon sink during the construction process; at the same time, the shore-attached reef and low-tide reef can provide attachment sites for oysters and other benthic organisms, causing the population of oysters and other benthic organisms to expand significantly, forming a significant carbon sink effect of the coastal system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0048] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0049] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the erosion coastal system ecological restoration system of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] In order to make the technical means, creative features, purposes and effects of the present application easy to understand, the following will further describe the present application in combination with specific drawings.

[0051] Referring to Figure 1 , the figure shows an erosion coastal system ecological restoration system, which comprises a shore-attached reef structure 1, a low-tide reef structure 2, a first restoration native vegetation 3, a second restoration native vegetation 4, a plurality of tidal ditches 5, a tidal pool 6 and an ecological reconstruction slope 7.

[0052] The shore-approaching bio-reef structure 1 is constructed at the shore-approaching position of the coastal zone, adopts a narrow and long planar structure, and is arranged perpendicularly to the coastline. The shore-approaching bio-reef structure 1 has a gradually changing cross section along the long axis direction, and the bottom thereof is in contact with the beach at the shore-approaching position of the coastal zone. The end surface of the shore-approaching bio-reef structure 1 along the short axis direction has a trapezoidal structure. The shore-approaching bio-reef structure 1 comprises a concrete chain block soft mattress layer, a riprap layer, a bio-reef body, and a king block body pressing foot. The concrete chain block soft mattress layer is laid at the shore-approaching position of the coastal zone, is made of C25 concrete, and ensures the stability of the structure on the soft soil foundation and prevents the along-dike flow or over-dike scour. The riprap layer is laid on the concrete chain block soft mattress layer, and has a thickness of 500 mm. The bio-reef body is constructed on the riprap layer, and the bio-reef body is composed of a plurality of reef body layers stacked from bottom to top, and each reef body layer is composed of a plurality of C30 reinforced concrete four-legged hollow square blocks (perforated blocks) arranged at intervals.

[0053] The shore-approaching bio-reef structure 1 plays a role of habitat connection in terms of ecology, and the biological habitat in the subtidal zone can be continuously transitioned to the biological habitat in the supratidal zone through the structure, and the biological energy exchange channel is more smooth. In terms of economy, the shore-approaching bio-reef structure 1 rationally utilizes the relatively high beach elevation in the nearshore area, the cross section area of the nearshore structure is small, the engineering investment is small, and the economic benefit is high. In terms of disaster reduction, the construction of the shore-approaching bio-reef structure 1 can effectively slow down the tidal flow speed along the coast, control the scouring trend of the beach, and protect the safety of the ecological foundation.

[0054] The low-beach bio-reef structure 2 is constructed in the low-beach area of the coastal zone and located behind the shore-approaching bio-reef structure 1. The low-beach bio-reef structure 2 is composed of a plurality of trapezoidal composite bio-reef bodies constructed in the low-beach area of the coastal zone along the direction perpendicular to the coastline, and each trapezoidal composite bio-reef body is composed of a plurality of bio-reef monomers arranged side by side along the coastline. The bio-reef monomer structure is composed of reinforced concrete grid bars, bases, cross beams, columns and the like. The flat plate surface composed of a plurality of reinforced concrete grid bars is uniformly arranged on the upper and lower cross beams. The bio-reef bottom surface size is 2.5 m x 2.5 m, the top surface size is 0.9 m x 0.9 m, the height is 1.6 m, the weight of a single reef body is about 4.5 t, and the single block empty square is about 3.4 square. The bio-reef monomer adopts a C35 reinforced concrete structure, and when pouring, oyster shells are inserted into the surface at intervals of 3-5 cm when the upper surface is not dry, so as to increase the surface roughness and facilitate the attachment and growth of algae and shellfish thereon.

[0055] The first repaired native vegetation 3 is planted in the low-beach area of the coastal zone and located behind the low-beach bio-reef structure 2. The plant used in the first repaired native vegetation 3 is sea three-prong rush.

[0056] The second restored native vegetation 4 is planted in the front half of the middle-high beach area of the coastal zone and behind the first restored native vegetation 3. The plants used in the second restored native vegetation 4 are reeds.

[0057] A plurality of tidal ditches 5 are constructed in the front half of the middle-high beach area of the coastal zone and in the second restored native vegetation 4, and are spaced apart in a direction perpendicular to the coastline. According to the distribution, direction and width of the tidal ditches in the history of the restoration area, primary and secondary ditches or tertiary tidal ditches are designed, and under the action of tides, smaller stable tidal channels can be naturally formed in 1-2 years, the hydrological connectivity inside the wetland is improved, the spatial heterogeneity inside the wetland is increased, and the biodiversity inside the wetland is improved.

[0058] The tidal pool 6 is constructed in the rear half of the middle-high beach area of the coastal zone and behind the second restored native vegetation 4, that is, in the riprap area in front of the embankment fence board revetment toe, and by removing part of the block stones, a space for embedding the tidal pool is formed. The tidal pool component is cast in situ by using ecological cement and the existing scattered riprap. The size of the tidal pool is determined according to the site conditions.

[0059] The ecological revetment 7 is constructed on the seawall revetment, and the seawall slope is ecologically transformed by green covering and the like.

[0060] The erosion coastal zone ecological restoration system also comprises an ecological monitoring platform composed of a coastal zone ecological system restoration monitoring system, a marine disaster early warning system, a marine ecological monitoring system and a salt marsh wetland ecological monitoring system. The restoration of the coastal zone ecological system is not achieved at one stroke, and therefore it is necessary to strengthen the real-time monitoring of the restoration process of the coastal zone ecological system, and at the same time, the scientific research on the natural succession process can be deepened, and therefore the construction of the coastal zone ecological monitoring platform is of great significance. Through the coastal zone ecological system restoration monitoring system, the construction of the marine disaster early warning platform, the marine ecological monitoring platform and the salt marsh wetland ecological monitoring platform, the cognitive level of the technology and effect of the coastal zone ecological restoration is improved, the experience is summarized, and a scientific and effective database for the protection and restoration of the coastal zone ecological system is formed.

[0061] The restoration method of the erosion coastal zone ecological restoration system comprises the following steps:

[0062] Step S10, constructing a shore connecting bio-reef structure 1 at the shore connecting position of the coastal zone;

[0063] Step S20, constructing a low beach bio-reef structure 2 in the low beach area of the coastal zone and behind the shore connecting bio-reef structure 1;

[0064] Step S30, removing and treating Spartina alterniflora in the low beach area and the middle-high beach area of the coastal zone.

[0065] Step S40, planting the first restoration native vegetation 3 behind the low-tide biological reef structure 2 in the low-tide area of the coastal zone, and planting the second restoration native vegetation 4 behind the first restoration native vegetation 3 in the front half of the middle-high-tide area of the coastal zone;

[0066] Step S50, constructing a plurality of tidal ditches 5 in the second restoration native vegetation 4 in the front half of the middle-high-tide area of the coastal zone along a direction perpendicular to the coastline;

[0067] Step S60, constructing a tidal pool 6 behind the second restoration native vegetation 4 in the rear half of the middle-high-tide area of the coastal zone;

[0068] Step S70, ecologically reconstructing the seawall revetment to form an ecologically reconstructed revetment 7.

[0069] In step S30, the Spartina alterniflora in the low-tide area and the middle-high-tide area of the coastal zone is removed by mowing, ploughing and shading, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0070] Step S31, mowing the Spartina alterniflora in the low-tide area and the middle-high-tide area of the coastal zone during the flowering period to prevent sexual reproduction of the Spartina alterniflora, and the mowing frequency is determined according to the recurrence of the Spartina alterniflora, and is generally 2-3 times;

[0071] Step S32, to prevent the Spartina alterniflora from expanding, the ploughed beach is ploughed to a depth of 50-60 cm after mowing the Spartina alterniflora, and the ploughed Spartina alterniflora roots are cleaned and removed from the site after each ploughing to prevent the Spartina alterniflora from reproducing repeatedly during the construction period;

[0072] Step S33, because the beach substrate is loose after deep ploughing, the wetland sediments may be eroded by tidal water, and part of the Spartina alterniflora may germinate again after mowing and ploughing, causing the Spartina alterniflora to invade again in a growing season and affecting the engineering treatment effect; therefore, the exposed beach is covered with water-absorbing and light-blocking geotextile in the ploughed area, and the geotextile is fixed by wooden pegs, bamboo pegs and the like; the water-absorbed geotextile can be effectively fixed on the beach to protect the beach substrate from being eroded; at the same time, the sporadic re-grown Spartina alterniflora cannot perform normal photosynthesis to synthesize nutrients required by itself due to lack of light conditions, and dies rapidly in a short period of time; the shading and covering time of the geotextile is 3-6 months.

[0073] In step S40, the first restoration native vegetation 3 is Spartina anglica, which is planted by using the method of bulb and transplanting.

[0074] The present application is constructed from low beach to high beach, respectively, as the construction content of the shore biological reef-low beach biological reef-invasive species control-tidal ditch construction-native salt marsh vegetation restoration-tidal pool construction-ecological reconstruction of artificial seawall-ecological monitoring platform, etc. The shore biological reef is mainly to reduce the erosion of tidal water to the coastal zone substrate by using ecological materials, and the ecological materials or hard materials with ecological structure can provide habitat, attachment and predation and hiding place for benthic animals, algae, fish and other animals. The main function of the low beach biological reef is to protect the ecological substrate outside the dam field and restore the habitat matrix of oysters and other attached organisms, and it can effectively reduce the kinetic energy of tidal water, and reduce the erosion of tidal water to the coastal zone ecosystem. The biological replacement method is mainly used to control the invasive species such as Spartina alterniflora, and restore the native vegetation such as Phragmites australis and Spartina anglica, so as to realize the systematic ecological restoration of the high beach system in the coastal zone. And through the construction of the tidal pool, the artificial hard seawall is ecologically reconstructed. The present application has the advantages of obvious treatment effect, significant ecological support effect and outstanding disaster reduction effect, and realizes the synergistic effect of ecology and disaster reduction.

[0075] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present application and the advantages of the present application. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and the above-mentioned embodiments and descriptions in the specification are only to illustrate the principles of the present application, and various changes and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present application. The scope of protection of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An ecological restoration system for eroded coastal zones, characterized in that: include: The shore-joining reef structure constructed at the shore of the coastal zone; A low-shoal bioherm structure constructed in the low-shoal area of ​​the coastal zone and located behind the shore-connected bioherm structure; a first restoration native vegetation planted in the low-bank area of ​​the coastal zone and behind the low-bank bioherm structure; a second restored native vegetation planted in the front half of the middle and high beach area of ​​the coastal zone and located behind the first restored native vegetation; A plurality of tidal gullies constructed at intervals perpendicular to the coastline in the front half of the middle and high beach area of ​​the coastal zone and located within the second restored native vegetation; A tidal pool constructed within the rear portion of the mid-high beach area of ​​the coastal zone and located behind the second restored native vegetation; as well as Ecologically modified slope protection built on the seawall slope protection; The shore-joining bioreef structure adopts a narrow and long plane structure and is arranged perpendicular to the coastline. The cross section of the shore-joining bioreef structure along the long axis direction is a gradient structure, the bottom of the structure contacts the beach at the shore of the coastal zone, and the end face along the short axis direction is a trapezoidal structure. The shore-connected reef structure includes: A soft concrete interlocking block layer laid at the shoreline of the coastal zone; a riprap layer laid on the concrete interlocking block soft layer; A bioherm constructed on the riprap layer, wherein the bioherm is composed of a plurality of reef layers stacked from bottom to top, and each reef layer is composed of a plurality of reinforced concrete four-legged hollow blocks arranged at intervals; and Twist block pressure feet laid on the riprap layer and located at the foot guards on both sides of the bioherm; The low-shoal bioherm structure is composed of a plurality of trapezoidal composite bioherm bodies constructed in the low-shoal area of ​​the coastal zone in a direction perpendicular to the coastline, and each trapezoidal composite bioherm body is composed of a plurality of bioherm monomers arranged side by side along the coastline.

2. The eroded coastal zone ecological restoration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bioreef unit is a reinforced concrete structure, with oyster shells inserted into the surface at intervals.

3. The eroded coastal zone ecological restoration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plant used in the first restoration of native vegetation is Spinach scutellaria baicalensis; the plant used in the second restoration of native vegetation is Phragmites australis.

4. The eroded coastal zone ecological restoration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tidal pool is cast on site using ecological cement and existing scattered gravel.

5. The eroded coastal zone ecological restoration system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: It also includes an ecological monitoring platform, which is composed of a coastal ecosystem restoration monitoring system, a marine disaster early warning system, a marine ecological monitoring system, and a salt marsh wetland ecological monitoring system.

6. A method for repairing an eroded coastal zone ecological restoration system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S10, constructing a shore-joining bio-reef structure at the shore of the coastal zone; Step S20, constructing a low-shoal bioherm structure in the low-shoal area of ​​the coastal zone and behind the shore-connected bioherm structure; Step S30, removing Spartina alterniflora in the low beach area and the middle and high beach area of ​​the coastal zone; Step S40: Planting a first restoration native vegetation behind the low-shoal reef structure in the low-shoal area of ​​the coastal zone, and planting a second restoration native vegetation behind the first restoration native vegetation in the front half of the middle-high-shoal area of ​​the coastal zone; Step S50: constructing a plurality of tidal gullies at intervals perpendicular to the coastline in the front half of the middle and high beach area of ​​the coastal zone within the second restored native vegetation; Step S60, constructing a tidal pool in the rear half of the middle and high beach area of ​​the coastal zone and behind the second restored native vegetation; Step S70: ecologically transform the seawall slope protection.

7. The repair method according to claim 6, wherein: In step S30, the Spartina alterniflora in the low beach area and the middle and high beach area of ​​the coastal zone is cleared, including the following steps: Step S31, mowing the Spartina alterniflora in the low beach area and the middle and high beach area of ​​the coastal zone during the flowering period, wherein the number of mowing times depends on the recurrence of the Spartina alterniflora, preferably 2 to 3 times; Step S32, after the Spartina alterniflora is mowed, the vacated beach is plowed to a depth of 50 to 60 cm. After each plowing, the Spartina alterniflora root system that has been turned out needs to be cleaned and packaged and shipped out of the field; Step S33: Cover the exposed mudflats in the plowed area with water-absorbing and light-proof geotextiles, and fix the geotextiles. The shading time is 3 to 6 months.

8. The repair method according to claim 6, wherein: In step S40, the plant used for the first restoration of native vegetation is sea sclerotium, and sea sclerotium is restored and planted in patches using a combination of the bulb method and the transplanting method; the plant used for the second restoration of native vegetation is reed, and the reed seedlings are restored and planted using the mound transplanting method and / or the green reed root transplanting method.

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