A stepped particle heat sink

Abstract

The application provides a stepped particle heat absorber, comprising: a heat absorber body, which is arranged in a stepped manner; a particle inlet is arranged above the top of the heat absorber body; and a particle collector is arranged below the heat absorber body and used for collecting particles falling from the heat absorber body. The stepped rotating particle heat absorber provided by the application adopts an external heat absorption structure, can absorb heat in the whole circumferential direction, and increases the layout area of the mirror field. The application adopts a disc type stepped falling structure, delays the falling speed of the particles, controls the particle heat absorption process, improves the temperature rise of the particles per unit stroke, and the disc structure can realize automatic distribution of the particles; the adjustment of the particle flow can be realized through a conventional adjusting valve installed on a conveying pipeline. The whole disc structure is in a rotating state, and the temperature difference of the particles caused by the difference of the solar energy reflected by the mirror fields in different directions is eliminated.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of solar thermal power generation, and particularly relates to a stepped particle heat absorber. BACKGROUND

[0002] The free-fall type heat absorber is one of the main particle heat absorbers at present, and the main principle is to make the particles freely fall and form a particle curtain, and the sunlight is directly focused on the particle curtain. The free-falling process of the particles is uncontrollable, and the speed is extremely fast, so that the heat absorption process is unstable, the heat absorption temperature difference is large, the particle temperature is low per unit stroke, and the particles need to be recycled for heat absorption. SUMMARY

[0003] Based on the above problems, the application provides a stepped particle heat absorber, which comprises:

[0004] The heat absorber body is arranged in a stepped manner.

[0005] A particle inlet is arranged above the top of the heat absorber body.

[0006] A particle collector is arranged below the heat absorber body to collect the particles falling from the heat absorber body.

[0007] The particles flow through the top of the heat absorber body from the particle inlet and form a particle curtain on the steps.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the included angle between the upper surface of the step of the heat absorber body and the horizontal plane is greater than the natural pile-up angle of the particles.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the heat absorber body is a rotary body structure.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the heat absorber body is internally provided with a heat exchange device.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the heat exchange device comprises a heat absorption end and a heat release end, the heat absorption end is located at the lower part of the heat absorber body close to the particles, the heat release end is located at the upper part of the heat absorber body close to the particles, and the heat exchange device is internally provided with a phase change material.

[0012] In one possible implementation,

[0013] The heat absorber body is internally provided with a heat storage body and a heat conducting body, the heat absorption end is arranged in the heat storage body, and the heat release end is arranged in the heat conducting body.

[0014] The heat storage body and the heat conducting body are heat storage material and heat conducting material respectively.

[0015] In a possible implementation, the outer surface of the heat-absorbing end and the heat-releasing end is provided with a fin structure.

[0016] In a possible implementation, the lower part of the heat-absorber body is provided with a rotating device.

[0017] In a possible implementation, the rotating device comprises:

[0018] a transmission wheel fixedly arranged at the bottom of the heat-absorber body;

[0019] a rotating motor directly or indirectly connected with the transmission wheel to drive the transmission wheel to rotate.

[0020] The particle collector is non-fixedly connected with the heat-absorber body.

[0021] In a possible implementation, the particle inlet is provided with a flow adjusting device.

[0022] In a possible implementation, the periphery of the heat-absorber body is provided with a light-transmitting windproof wall.

[0023] In a possible implementation, the windproof wall comprises an inner wall and an outer wall, and an air passage is arranged between the inner wall and the outer wall.

[0024] The lower part of the outer wall is provided with a cold air inlet, and the upper part of the outer wall is provided with a hot air outlet.

[0025] Thanks to the use of the above technical solutions, the present application has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0026] 1. The heat-absorber body in the present application adopts a stepped structure design, so that the falling speed of the cold particles is slowed down, and the temperature rise per unit stroke of the particles is effectively increased.

[0027] 2. In the present application, the radius of the circular table increases from top to bottom, and the particle layer at the lower part of the heat-absorber body gradually becomes sparse, and the light transmittance of the particle layer is increased.

[0028] 3. The present application provides a heat exchange device in the heat-absorber body, which transfers the solar heat not absorbed by the particle layer to the upper part of the relatively dense particle layer, which on the one hand reduces the solar radiation loss and improves the heat-absorbing efficiency, and on the other hand increases the temperature uniformity of the upper part of the dense particle layer.

[0029] 4. The heat-absorber body in the present application has a rotating function, which eliminates the problem of uneven heat-absorbing temperature caused by the difference in reflected energy of the mirror field in different directions.

[0030] 5、The application is provided with a windproof wall outside the heat absorber body, which can effectively prevent the outside wind from blowing out the particles and causing particle and heat loss; and the windproof wall is a double-layer quartz glass structure, and the natural convection of air formed between the double-layer quartz glass structure can reduce the temperature of the quartz glass and reduce the material cost of the quartz glass. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0032] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the stepped particle heat absorber in the embodiment of the present application.

[0033] Reference numerals:

[0034] 1-heat absorber body; 2-multistage inclined ladder; 3-heat releasing end; 4-heat absorbing end; 5-gas-liquid separation header; 6-particle inlet; 7-particle collector; 8-heat absorber bottom plate; 9-heat absorber top plate; 10-quartz glass outer wall; 11-quartz glass inner wall; 12-air channel; 13-cold air inlet; 14-hot air outlet; 15-driving wheel; 16-driving belt; 17-rotary motor; 18-flow regulating device;

[0035] 101-heat conductor; 102-heat accumulator; 201-first stage circular table; 202-circular disc ladder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The following embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present application, but do not limit the present application in any form. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several changes and improvements without departing from the concept of the present application. These all belong to the protection scope of the present application.

[0037] The present application provides a stepped particle heat absorber, which comprises: a heat absorber body arranged in a stepped manner; a particle inlet arranged above the top of the heat absorber body; and a particle collector arranged below the heat absorber body for collecting particles falling from the heat absorber body. The particles flow through the top of the heat absorber body from the particle inlet and form a particle curtain on the steps. Since the heat exchanger body in the present application adopts a stepped structure design, the falling speed of the cold particles is slowed down, which can effectively increase the temperature rise per unit stroke of the particles.

[0038] As Figure 1As shown, the heat exchanger body 1 is a stepped rotary body structure, including a plurality of circular platforms from top to bottom, and the radius of the circular platforms increases from top to bottom. In order to prevent the particles from accumulating on the circular platforms during the falling process, the angle between the upper surface of the step of the heat exchanger body and the horizontal plane is greater than the natural accumulation angle of the particles.

[0039] The first circular platform 201 of the heat exchanger body 1 can naturally disperse the particles falling from the cold particle inlet 6. The adjustment of the particle flow can be realized by installing a particle adjusting valve 18 at the particle inlet 6 above the center of the first circular platform 201. The particle adjusting valve 18 can be a knife gate valve, a star valve, etc. for example, which has high adjustment accuracy, so that high-precision particle flow adjustment can be realized.

[0040] Further, a heat exchange device is arranged in the interior of the heat exchanger body, which includes a heat absorption end and a heat release end. The heat absorption end is located at the lower part of the heat exchanger body close to the particles, and the heat release end is located at the upper part of the heat exchanger body close to the particles. A phase change material is arranged in the heat exchange device. The phase change material includes liquid and gas states in the working state. After the liquid phase change material absorbs the particles at the lower part, it is gasified by temperature rise, and then rises to the heat release end to be liquefied by cold, so as to achieve the effect of conducting the heat of the lower particles to the upper particles.

[0041] In order to improve the heat conduction effect, a heat storage body 102 is arranged in the heat absorption end part of the heat exchanger body 1, and the heat absorption end 4 is arranged in the heat storage body 102. A heat conduction body 101 is arranged in the heat release end part of the heat exchanger body, and the heat release end 3 is arranged in the heat conduction body 101. The heat storage body and the heat conduction body are heat storage material and heat conduction material respectively.

[0042] Further, the outer surface of the heat absorption end 4 and the heat release end 3 is provided with a fin structure. After the liquid phase medium absorbs the heat of the heat storage body through the heat absorption end 4 with the fin structure, it is vaporized to produce a gas phase phase change material. The gas phase phase change material is collected in the upper part of the gas-liquid separation header 5, and exchanges heat with the heat conduction body 101 through the heat release end 3 with the fin structure. The heat is quickly transferred to the inner particles in contact with the disc ladder 202 and the first circular platform 201 through the heat conduction body 101, so as to reduce the internal and external temperature difference of the particles on the upper disc ladder 202.

[0043] During the falling process of the particles, the particle flow on the first circular platform 201 and the subsequent disc ladder 202 is the same, but as the diameter of the disc ladder becomes larger and larger, the thickness of the particle layer gradually decreases, and the particle layer becomes relatively sparse on the bottom disc ladder. At this time, after the sunlight irradiates on the particle layer, the light transmittance increases, and the transmitted sunlight is absorbed by the heat storage body 102 to reduce the loss of solar radiation.

[0044] Further, the lower part of the heat absorber body 1 is provided with a rotating device for rotating the heat absorber body 1. The rotating device comprises a transmission wheel 15 fixedly arranged at the bottom of the heat absorber body 1, and a rotating motor 17 connected with the transmission wheel 15 through a transmission belt 17 to drive the transmission wheel 15 to rotate, thereby driving the heat absorber body 1 to rotate. Since the solar energy reflected by the mirror field has different energy flow densities in 360° directions, the particle heat absorption temperature in different directions of the heat absorber is not uniform, and the rotating function of the heat absorber body 1 can ensure that the particles pass through different directions, thereby realizing uniform heat absorption of the heat absorber in 360° directions. The particle collector 7 is not fixedly connected with the heat absorber body 1, and when the heat absorber body 1 rotates, the particle collector 7 does not rotate.

[0045] Further, in order to reduce the particle loss caused by external wind, a windproof wall is arranged on the periphery of the heat absorber body 1, and the windproof wall is arranged between the heat absorber bottom plate 8 and the heat absorber top plate 9. For example, the windproof wall is two quartz glass walls 10 and 11, and an air passage 12 is arranged between the two quartz glass walls. The quartz glass can ensure that most of the sunlight is transmitted through the quartz glass wall and is absorbed by the particles. At the same time, in order to reduce the temperature of the quartz glass wall and ensure the strength of the quartz glass, hot air outlets 14 and cold air inlets 13 are arranged at the upper and lower regions of the outer quartz glass walls 10 and 11. The density difference between the hot air and the cold air causes the air to naturally circulate, thereby cooling the quartz glass walls 10 and 11.

[0046] The specific examples are used in the description of the inventive concept, and the above examples are only used to help understand the core idea of the application. It should be pointed out that any obvious modification, equivalent replacement or other improvement made by those skilled in the art without departing from the inventive concept should be included in the protection scope of the application.

[0047] Other embodiments of the application will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the application disclosed herein. It is intended that the application be limited only by the scope of the claims, including any amendments thereof, and other equivalents to the claims. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered exemplary only, with the true scope and spirit of the application indicated only by the following claims.

[0048] It should be understood that the application is not limited to the precise construction that has been described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and that various modifications and changes can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the application. The scope of the application is limited only by the claims appended hereto.

[0049] It should be understood that the "multiple" mentioned herein refers to two or more than two. The "and / or" describes the association relationship of the associated objects, which means that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone. The character " / " generally represents that the associated objects before and after it are in an "or" relationship.

[0050] A person of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the steps of the above-mentioned embodiments can be completed by hardware, or by a program instructing relevant hardware, and the program can be stored in a computer readable storage medium, such as a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk.

[0051] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A stepped particle heat absorber, characterized in that, The heat absorber includes: The heat absorber body is stepped; A particle inlet is provided above the top of the heat absorber body; A particle collector is provided below the heat absorber body to collect particles that roll off the heat absorber body. The angle between the upper surface of the step of the heat absorber body and the horizontal plane is greater than the natural angle of packing of the particles; the heat absorber body is a rotating structure. The heat exchange device is installed inside the heat absorber body; The heat exchange device includes a heat absorption end and a heat release end. The heat absorption end is located at the lower part of the heat absorber body near the particles, and the heat release end is located at the upper part of the heat absorber body near the particles. A phase change material is provided inside the heat exchange device. The absorber body contains a heat storage body and a heat conductor, with the heat absorption end located in the heat storage body and the heat release end located in the heat conductor body.

2. The stepped particle heat absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer surfaces of the heat-absorbing end and the heat-releasing end are provided with fin structures.

3. A stepped particle heat absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that, A rotating device is provided below the heat absorber body.

4. A stepped particle heat absorber according to claim 3, characterized in that, The rotating device includes: The drive wheel is fixedly installed at the bottom of the heat absorber body; A rotary motor is directly or indirectly connected to the transmission wheel to drive the transmission wheel to rotate.

5. A stepped particle heat absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that, A flow regulating device is provided at the particle inlet.

6. A stepped particle heat absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat absorber body is surrounded by a light-transmitting and windproof wall.

7. A stepped particle heat absorber according to claim 6, characterized in that, The windbreak wall includes an inner wall and an outer wall, with an air passage between the inner wall and the outer wall; a cold air inlet is provided at the lower part of the outer wall, and a hot air outlet is provided at the upper part of the outer wall.

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