A broadband dual-polarization base station filter antenna with high-frequency out-of-band suppression characteristics

Abstract

The present invention provides a broadband dual-polarization base station filter antenna with high-frequency out-of-band suppression characteristics, which is used to solve the technical problems of existing antennas, such as the increase in antenna size and the introduction of transmission loss due to the introduction of a filter-like structure in the feeder, and the single polarization type and narrow operating bandwidth of most antennas. In the antenna of the present invention, four first metal patches on a first dielectric substrate respectively form horizontal polarization and vertical polarization, and the metal coupling patch on the first dielectric substrate is used to generate coupling with the first metal patch; four second metal patches on a second dielectric substrate are respectively connected to the first metal patch to form four 1 / 4 wavelength three-dimensional folded dipole arms; the upper end of the metal column is connected to the corresponding metal coupling patch, and the lower end is suspended; the feeding structure is vertically connected between the metal substrate and the first metal patch, and is used to transmit microwave signals to the four 1 / 4 wavelength three-dimensional folded dipole arms.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of antennas, and in particular relates to a broadband dual-polarization base station filter antenna with high-frequency out-of-band suppression characteristics. Background Art

[0002] As wireless communication systems have become an integral part of modern life, base station antennas, a crucial component of modern mobile communication systems, have garnered increasing attention. With the development of communication systems and the widespread adoption of mobile phones, more and more base station antennas are being deployed. However, as the number of base stations increases, available installation space is shrinking. This necessitates the development of base station antennas towards miniaturization, low profile, and broadband performance. Because base station antennas are located at the very end of the transmit channel and the very beginning of the receive channel, their performance is exponentially impacted by the RF front-end system. Therefore, a mobile communication system with an excellent base station antenna design can provide users with superior wireless communication services. Because the use of traditional single-function antennas can lead to significant interference between densely packed frequency bands, it is crucial to design antennas that suppress radiation outside the operating band. Designing broadband dual-polarization base station filter antennas with out-of-band suppression, based on traditional base station antennas, can meet the RF front-end system requirements of current and future base station systems.

[0003] Existing designs for filtering antennas generally incorporate a filter structure into the antenna's feed line, achieving a filtering effect that increases the antenna's radiation gain by cascading the filter and the antenna's radiator. For example, Chinese Patent Publication No. CN206225549U discloses a "waveguide-based pyramidal horn filtering antenna," in which the filtering function is generated by four rectangular resonant cavities, while the radiation characteristics are jointly generated by the final resonant cavity and the pyramidal horn. However, the antenna's operating bandwidth is relatively narrow, with a relative bandwidth of only 2.4%, and its polarization is relatively simple. Chinese Patent Publication No. CN109904613B discloses a "differential dual-band dual-polarization antenna for 5G sub-6G base station systems," which essentially achieves dual-band filtering characteristics by slotting a metal radiating patch and introducing a stepped impedance open-circuit branch on the metal feed line. However, the introduction of the feed line increases the antenna's overall insertion loss, hindering effective radiation. A Chinese patent, publication number CN111293413B, provides a "Compact Broadband Filter Antenna Based on a Cross-Coupling Structure," which achieves a gain filtering effect by separately controlling feeder branches, floor slots, and U-shaped coupling patches to achieve the antenna's radiation null. However, the patent's detailed implementation details state that the antenna's relative operating bandwidth is only 20.6%, and its polarization is relatively single.

[0004] It can be seen that the above antennas all achieve the filtering effect of antenna radiation gain by introducing a filter-like structure in the feeder, but all of them increase the size of the antenna itself and inevitably introduce transmission loss. Most antennas have a single polarization type and a narrow operating bandwidth, making them unsuitable as the preferred solution for base station antennas. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the technical problems that the existing antenna introduces a filter-like structure in the feeder, which leads to an increase in the size of the antenna itself and the introduction of transmission loss, and that most antennas have a single polarization type and a narrow operating bandwidth. Instead, it provides a broadband dual-polarization base station filter antenna with high-frequency out-of-band suppression characteristics.

[0006] In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical solutions provided by the present invention are:

[0007] A broadband dual-polarization base station filter antenna with high-frequency out-of-band suppression characteristics is special in that it includes a metal substrate, a first dielectric substrate, four second dielectric substrates, four metal pillars and a feeding structure;

[0008] The first dielectric substrate is arranged parallel to and above the metal substrate, and a side of the first dielectric substrate away from the metal substrate is the front side;

[0009] Four first metal patches and four metal coupling patches are provided on the front surface of the first dielectric substrate; the four first metal patches are evenly distributed along the central circumference of the first dielectric substrate, wherein a pair of dipoles formed by two oppositely arranged first metal patches form horizontal polarization, and a pair of dipoles formed by the other two oppositely arranged first metal patches form vertical polarization; the four metal coupling patches are respectively arranged on the front surface of the first dielectric substrate in a matrix form, and each metal coupling patch is located between two adjacent first metal patches for horizontal polarization and vertical polarization, and is used to couple with the first metal patch;

[0010] The four second dielectric substrates are respectively vertically connected between the metal substrate and the first dielectric substrate, and the outer side surface of the second dielectric substrate is the front side;

[0011] A second metal patch is provided on the front surface of each of the four second dielectric substrates, and each second metal patch is connected to the corresponding first metal patch to form four 1 / 4 wavelength three-dimensional folded dipole arms;

[0012] The upper ends of the four metal pillars are respectively connected to corresponding metal coupling patches, and the lower ends thereof are all suspended;

[0013] The feeding structure is vertically connected between the metal substrate and the first dielectric substrate. One end of the feeding structure is connected to the four first metal patches respectively, and the other end is used to connect to the external feeding connector and transmit the microwave signal to the four 1 / 4 wavelength three-dimensional folded dipole arms.

[0014] Furthermore, the width of the second metal patch gradually decreases from an end close to the first metal patch to an end close to the metal substrate, so as to improve the impedance bandwidth performance of the antenna.

[0015] Furthermore, the feeding structure includes a third dielectric substrate, a fourth dielectric substrate, a first coaxial feed line and a second coaxial feed line;

[0016] The third dielectric substrate and the fourth dielectric substrate are arranged crosswise and are both vertically connected between the metal substrate and the first dielectric substrate;

[0017] The front sides of the third dielectric substrate and the fourth dielectric substrate are both provided with two balun metal grounds, and the back sides are both provided with balun feed lines;

[0018] The balun metal ground on the third dielectric substrate is connected to the two first metal patches for horizontal polarization, and the balun metal ground on the fourth dielectric substrate is connected to the two first metal patches for vertical polarization; one end of the first coaxial feed line metal core is connected to the balun feed line on the third dielectric substrate, and one end of the second coaxial feed line metal core is connected to the balun feed line on the fourth dielectric substrate;

[0019] Two feeding connectors are provided on the metal substrate; the other ends of the first coaxial feed line and the second coaxial feed line are respectively connected to the corresponding feeding connectors to form two ports.

[0020] Furthermore, four first card slots are provided on the first dielectric substrate at positions corresponding to the four second dielectric substrates; the first card slots are metallized card slots;

[0021] Four second card slots are provided on the metal substrate at positions corresponding to the first card slots;

[0022] The four second dielectric substrates are fixed between the first dielectric substrate and the metal substrate through corresponding first clamping slots and second clamping slots, and the first metal patch and the second metal patch are connected through the first clamping slots.

[0023] Furthermore, two third card slots are provided on the first dielectric substrate at positions corresponding to the third dielectric substrate, and two more third card slots are provided on positions corresponding to the fourth dielectric substrate; the third card slots are metallized card slots.

[0024] Four fourth slots are provided on the metal substrate at positions corresponding to the third slots;

[0025] The third dielectric substrate is fixed between the first dielectric substrate and the metal substrate via two opposing third card slots and two corresponding fourth card slots. The fourth dielectric substrate is fixed between the first dielectric substrate and the metal substrate via another two opposing third card slots and two corresponding fourth card slots. The balun metal ground and the first metal patch are connected via the third card slots.

[0026] The metal substrate is provided with two through holes. The two external feed connectors pass through the two through holes respectively, and the inner cores are connected to the other ends of the first coaxial feed line and the second coaxial feed line respectively.

[0027] Furthermore, the metal coupling patch, the first metal patch, the second metal patch, the balun metal ground and the balun feed line are all manufactured by printing.

[0028] Furthermore, the first dielectric substrate, the second dielectric substrate, the third dielectric substrate, and the fourth dielectric substrate are made of FR-4 or F4B material.

[0029] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0030] 1. The present invention provides a broadband dual-polarization base station filter antenna with high-frequency out-of-band suppression characteristics. The second metal patch on the second dielectric substrate is connected to the first metal patch on the first dielectric substrate to form a three-dimensional folded dipole. Metal coupling patches are introduced around the folded dipole to create a radiation gain zero outside the antenna's operating high-frequency band. This creates a good radiation gain filtering effect, improves the radiation efficiency of the filter antenna, and solves the serious mutual interference problem between a large number of densely packed frequency bands.

[0031] 2. The present invention provides a broadband dual-polarized base station filter antenna with high-frequency out-of-band suppression characteristics. The placement of the three-dimensional folded dipole formed is combined with the metal coupling patches on all sides, which not only expands the antenna operating bandwidth but also reduces the lateral size of the antenna, which is conducive to the miniaturization design of the antenna. The antenna can meet the requirements of the 4G base station antenna for the operating frequency band (1.7GHz-2.2GHz), so this antenna form can be expanded to other 4G and 5G communication frequency bands.

[0032] 3. The broadband dual-polarization base station filter antenna with high-frequency out-of-band suppression characteristics provided by the present invention has the advantages of simple structure, easy processing, small size, light weight and low cost compared with other forms of dual-polarization filter antennas.

[0033] 4. The present invention provides a broadband dual-polarization base station filter antenna with high-frequency out-of-band suppression characteristics. Compared with the existing second metal patch of equal width, the width of the second metal patch in the present invention gradually decreases from the end close to the first metal patch to the end close to the metal substrate, which greatly improves the impedance bandwidth performance of the antenna. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of an embodiment of a broadband dual-polarization base station filter antenna with high-frequency out-of-band suppression characteristics according to the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 for Figure 1 sectional view of

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the front side of the first dielectric substrate in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the connection between the second dielectric substrate and the first dielectric substrate in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 Graph showing the effect of the length of the triangular patch on the second metal patch on antenna performance in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the third dielectric substrate in an embodiment of the present invention, wherein (a) is a schematic diagram of the front side of the third dielectric substrate, and (b) is a schematic diagram of the back side of the third dielectric substrate;

[0040] Figure 7 Schematic diagrams of the structure of a fourth dielectric substrate in an embodiment of the present invention, wherein (a) is a schematic diagram of the front side of the fourth dielectric substrate, and (b) is a schematic diagram of the back side of the fourth dielectric substrate;

[0041] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the upper surface of the metal substrate in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 9 Graph showing reflection coefficient variation with frequency for antenna port 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 10 Graph showing reflection coefficient variation with frequency for antenna port 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 11 1 is a graph showing how the radiation gain of antenna port 1 changes with frequency in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 12 FIG. 4 is a curve diagram showing how the radiation gain of antenna port 2 varies with frequency in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] The meanings of the reference numerals are as follows:

[0047] 1-metal substrate, 11-second card slot, 12-fourth card slot, 13-through hole;

[0048] 2-first dielectric substrate, 21-first metal patch, 22-metal coupling patch, 23-first card slot, 24-third card slot;

[0049] 3-second dielectric substrate, 31-second metal patch; 4-metal column;

[0050] 5-feeding structure, 51-third dielectric substrate, 52-fourth dielectric substrate, 53-balun metal ground, 54-balun feeding line, 55-first coaxial feeding line, 56-second coaxial feeding line. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the following detailed description of the specific embodiments of the present invention is given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary persons in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0052] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0053] At the same time, in the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper, lower, inside and outside" are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0054] Unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "mounted, connected, and connected" in this disclosure should be understood broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed, removable, or integral connections. They may also refer to mechanical, electrical, or direct connections, indirect connections through an intermediary, or internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of these terms in this disclosure.

[0055] This embodiment provides a specific structure of a broadband dual-polarization base station filter antenna with high-frequency out-of-band suppression characteristics, such as Figure 1 、 Figure 2 As shown, it includes a metal substrate 1, a first dielectric substrate 2, four second dielectric substrates 3, four metal pillars 4 and a feeding structure 5.

[0056] The first dielectric substrate 2 is arranged parallel to the metal substrate 1, and the side of the first dielectric substrate 2 away from the metal substrate 1 is the front side. In this embodiment, the metal substrate 1 is 100 mm long and 100 mm wide. The dielectric constant of the first dielectric substrate 2 is 2.65. The length of the first dielectric substrate 2 is 40 mm, the width is 40 mm, and the thickness is 2 mm. The air gap height between the first dielectric substrate 2 and the metal substrate 1 is 38 mm. Figure 3 As shown, four first metal patches 21 and four metal coupling patches 22 are disposed on the front surface of the first dielectric substrate 2. The four first metal patches 21 are evenly distributed along the central circumference of the first dielectric substrate 2. A pair of dipoles formed by two opposing first metal patches 21 generates horizontal polarization, while a pair of dipoles formed by another two opposing first metal patches 21 generates vertical polarization. The four metal coupling patches 22 are disposed in a matrix on the front surface of the first dielectric substrate 2, with each metal coupling patch 22 positioned between two adjacent first metal patches 21 for horizontal and vertical polarization, for coupling with the first metal patch 21. In this embodiment, the first metal patch 21 is configured as a hexagonal metal patch. The portion near the center of the first dielectric substrate 2 is configured as a trapezoid, and the portion near the edge of the first dielectric substrate 2 is configured as a rectangle. The lower base of the trapezoid is equal in width to the rectangle. The length from one side of the rectangle near the edge of the first dielectric substrate 2 to the upper base of the trapezoid is 16 mm, and the width of the rectangle is 12 mm. The metal coupling patch 22 is a square ring with an inner ring length of 7 mm and an outer ring width of 13 mm. The shapes of the first metal patch 21 and the metal coupling patch 22 are not limited to those of this embodiment. In other embodiments of the present invention, it is sufficient for each metal coupling patch 6 to generate a coupling effect with the first metal patch 7.

[0057] like Figure 4As shown, a second metal patch 31 is provided on the front surface of the second dielectric substrate 3. The four second metal patches 31 on the second dielectric substrate 3 are connected to the corresponding four first metal patches 21 on the first dielectric substrate 2, forming four 1 / 4 wavelength three-dimensional folded dipole arms. The four 1 / 4 wavelength three-dimensional folded dipole arms together form a three-dimensional folded dipole arm. The second metal patches 31 are aligned along the upper edge of the second dielectric substrate 3. Preferably, the width of the second metal patch 31 gradually decreases from the end close to the first metal patch 21 to the end close to the metal substrate 1, which can improve the impedance bandwidth performance of the antenna compared to the second metal patch of equal width currently used; in this example, the dielectric constant of the second dielectric substrate 3 is 2.65, the length of the second dielectric substrate 3 is 38mm, the width is 15mm, and the thickness is 0.8Mm; the end of the second metal patch 31 close to the first metal patch 21 is set as a rectangular patch, and the end close to the metal substrate 1 is set as a quasi-triangular patch, the length of the rectangular patch is 6mm, and the width is 7.5mm, the length of the quasi-triangular patch is 26mm, and the width is set to gradually decrease from 7.5mm downward. It is worth noting that the length of the quasi-triangular patch also has a certain influence on the antenna performance, such as Figure 5 As shown in the figure, it is a curve diagram showing the effect of the length of the triangular patch on the antenna performance. Since the working bandwidth of the antenna is the frequency band with a voltage standing wave ratio of less than 1.5, Figure 5 It can be seen that the widest operating bandwidth is achieved only when the length L of the quasi-triangular patch is 26 mm. A length L of 29 mm or 23 mm, meaning that a length too long or too short, will degrade antenna performance. The second metal patch 31 is not limited to the shape shown in this example. In other embodiments of the present invention, each second metal patch 31 need only be connected to the first metal patch 21 to form a three-dimensional folded dipole arm.

[0058] The upper ends of the four metal pillars 4 are respectively connected to the corresponding four metal coupling patches 22 on the first dielectric substrate 2, and the lower ends thereof are suspended in the air. The length of each metal pillar 4 is 28 mm.

[0059] In this embodiment, the feeding structure 5 uses a dielectric substrate balun feeding to transmit the microwave signal to four 1 / 4 wavelength three-dimensional folded dipole arms. The feeding structure 5 includes a third dielectric substrate 51, a fourth dielectric substrate 52, a first coaxial feed line 55 and a second coaxial feed line 56. Figure 6 、 Figure 7 As shown, they are schematic structural diagrams of the third dielectric substrate 51 and the fourth dielectric substrate 52, wherein: Figure 6 (a) is a front view of the third dielectric substrate. Figure 6 (b) is a schematic diagram of the back side of the third dielectric substrate. Figure 7 (a) is a front view of the fourth dielectric substrate. Figure 7(b) is a schematic diagram of the back side of the fourth dielectric substrate. Two balun metal grounds 53 are provided on the front sides of the third and fourth dielectric substrates 51, 52, and balun feed lines 54 are provided on the back sides. A deeper cross hole is provided on the third dielectric substrate 51, and a corresponding shorter cross hole is provided on the fourth dielectric substrate 52, allowing the third and fourth dielectric substrates 51, 52 to be arranged crosswise. The crosswise third and fourth dielectric substrates 51, 52 are perpendicularly arranged between the metal substrate 1 and the first metal patch 21. The balun metal grounds 53 on the third dielectric substrate 51 are connected to the two first metal patches 21 for horizontal polarization, while the balun metal grounds 53 on the fourth dielectric substrate 52 are connected to the two first metal patches 21 for vertical polarization. One end of the metal core of the first coaxial feed line 55 is connected to the balun feed line 54 on the third dielectric substrate 51, and one end of the metal core of the second coaxial feed line 56 is connected to the balun feed line 54 on the fourth dielectric substrate 52. The metal substrate 1 has two through-holes 13. After the two external feed connectors pass through the two through-holes 13, their inner cores are connected to the other ends of the first coaxial feed line 55 and the second coaxial feed line 56, respectively, forming two ports. In this embodiment, the feed connectors are passed through the through-holes 13, and their outer skins are welded to the metal substrate 1. The two inner cores are respectively welded to the first coaxial feed line 55 and the second coaxial feed line 56. The feed structure of the present invention is not limited to that used in this embodiment. A planar printed balun or other feed structure can also be used instead.

[0060] Specifically, such as Figure 3 and Figure 8As shown, the first dielectric substrate 2 has four first slots 23 defined at positions corresponding to the four second dielectric substrates 3. Two opposing third slots 24 are defined at positions corresponding to the third dielectric substrate 51. Two more opposing third slots 24 are defined at positions corresponding to the fourth dielectric substrate 52. Both the first slots 23 and the third slots 24 are metallized slots. Four second slots 11 are defined at positions corresponding to the first slots 23 on the metal substrate 1, and four fourth slots 12 are defined at positions corresponding to the third slots 24. The four second dielectric substrates 3 are fixedly connected between the first dielectric substrate 2 and the metal substrate 1 via their respective first slots 23 and second slots 11. The third dielectric substrate 51 is fixedly connected between the first dielectric substrate 2 and the metal substrate 1 via its two opposing third slots 24 and its corresponding two fourth slots 12. The fourth dielectric substrate 52 is fixedly connected between the first dielectric substrate 2 and the metal substrate 1 via its two opposing third slots 24 and its corresponding two fourth slots 12. The ends of the second dielectric substrate 3, the third dielectric substrate 51, and the fourth dielectric substrate 52 are chamfered to accommodate the dimensions of the corresponding slots. In this embodiment, the first metal patch 21 and the second metal patch 31 are welded together through the first slot 23, while the balun metal ground 53 and the first metal patch 21 are welded together through the third slot 24.

[0061] In the present invention, the metal substrate 1 is made of metal; the first dielectric substrate 2, the second dielectric substrate 3, the third dielectric substrate 51, and the fourth dielectric substrate 52 can be any low-loss dielectric material. For cost considerations, materials such as FR-4 and F4B are generally preferred. Furthermore, the first metal patch 21, the metal coupling patch 22, the second metal patch 31, the balun metal ground 53, and the balun feed line 54 are all made of metal. In this embodiment, they are preferably printed on the corresponding dielectric substrates.

[0062] In order to verify the beneficial effects of the antenna of the present invention, the following is further explained through experimental simulation:

[0063] 1. Simulation content

[0064] The port reflection coefficient and radiation gain curve of the broadband dual-polarization base station filter antenna with high-frequency out-of-band suppression characteristics in the above embodiment are simulated and calculated using simulation software.

[0065] 2. Simulation results

[0066] Figure 9 、 Figure 10is the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) when the two ports of the antenna in this embodiment are fed separately. It can be seen that the operating frequency bands with a VSWR of less than 1.5 for the antenna port in this embodiment are 1.58-2.36 GHz and 1.62-2.38 GHz, respectively, which can cover a wide 4G communication frequency band.

[0067] Figure 11 、 Figure 12 The following graph shows the change in radiation gain when the two ports of the antenna in this embodiment are fed separately. It can be seen that the gain of the antenna in this embodiment is 7.1±0.9dBi within the operating frequency band. The gain attenuation is more pronounced outside the high-frequency operating band, resulting in an excellent gain filtering effect. Therefore, it can achieve excellent gain suppression for specific high-frequency communication bands such as n1, n2, n3, n30, n40, n65, n66, n70, n84, and n86 in the 5G NR and 4G LTE bands. Given this excellent performance, this antenna is a preferred antenna design choice for base station systems.

[0068] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features therein. These modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A broadband dual-polarization base station filter antenna with high-frequency out-of-band suppression characteristics, characterized by: It comprises a metal substrate (1), a first dielectric substrate (2), four second dielectric substrates (3), four metal pillars (4) and a feeding structure (5); The first dielectric substrate (2) is arranged parallel to and above the metal substrate (1), and the side of the first dielectric substrate (2) away from the metal substrate (1) is the front side; Four first metal patches (21) and four metal coupling patches (22) are arranged on the front surface of the first dielectric substrate (2); the four first metal patches (21) are evenly distributed along the central circumference of the first dielectric substrate (2), wherein a pair of dipoles formed by two first metal patches (21) arranged opposite to each other form horizontal polarization, and a pair of dipoles formed by the other two first metal patches (21) arranged opposite to each other form vertical polarization; Four metal coupling patches (22) are respectively arranged in a matrix form on the front surface of the first dielectric substrate (2), and each metal coupling patch (22) is located between two adjacent first metal patches (21) for horizontal polarization and vertical polarization, and is used for coupling with the first metal patch (21); The four second dielectric substrates (3) are respectively vertically connected between the metal substrate (1) and the first dielectric substrate (2), and the outer side surface of the second dielectric substrate (3) is the front side; The front surfaces of the four second dielectric substrates (3) are each provided with a second metal patch (31), and each second metal patch (31) is connected to a corresponding first metal patch (21) to form four 1 / 4 wavelength three-dimensional folded dipole arms; The upper ends of the four metal pillars (4) are respectively connected to corresponding metal coupling patches (22), and the lower ends thereof are all suspended; The feeding structure (5) is vertically connected between the metal substrate (1) and the first dielectric substrate (2); one end of the feeding structure (5) is respectively connected to four first metal patches (21); the other end is used to connect to an external feeding connector and transmit microwave signals to four 1 / 4 wavelength three-dimensional folded dipole arms.

2. The broadband dual-polarization base station filter antenna with high-frequency out-of-band suppression characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the second metal patch (31) gradually decreases from an end close to the first metal patch (21) to an end close to the metal substrate (1).

3. A broadband dual-polarization base station filter antenna with high-frequency out-of-band suppression characteristics according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The feeding structure (5) comprises a third dielectric substrate (51), a fourth dielectric substrate (52), a first coaxial feed line (55), and a second coaxial feed line (56); The third dielectric substrate (51) and the fourth dielectric substrate (52) are arranged crosswise and are both vertically connected between the metal substrate (1) and the first dielectric substrate (2); The third dielectric substrate (51) and the fourth dielectric substrate (52) are both provided with two balun metal grounds (53) on the front side, and are both provided with balun feed lines (54) on the back side; The balun metal ground (53) on the third dielectric substrate (51) is connected to the two first metal patches (21) for horizontal polarization, and the balun metal ground (53) on the fourth dielectric substrate (52) is connected to the two first metal patches (21) for vertical polarization; one end of the metal inner core of the first coaxial feed line (55) is connected to the balun feed line (54) on the third dielectric substrate (51), and one end of the metal inner core of the second coaxial feed line (56) is connected to the balun feed line (54) on the fourth dielectric substrate (52); Two feeding connectors are provided on the metal substrate (1); the other ends of the first coaxial feed line (55) and the second coaxial feed line (56) are respectively connected to the corresponding feeding connectors to form two ports.

4. The broadband dual-polarization base station filter antenna with high-frequency out-of-band suppression characteristics according to claim 3, characterized in that: Four first card slots (23) are provided on the first dielectric substrate (2) at positions corresponding to the four second dielectric substrates (3); the first card slots (23) are metallized card slots; Four second card slots (11) are provided on the metal substrate (1) at positions corresponding to the first card slots (23); The four second dielectric substrates (3) are fixed between the first dielectric substrate (2) and the metal substrate (1) via corresponding first card slots (23) and second card slots (11), and the first metal patch (21) and the second metal patch (31) are connected via the first card slot (23).

5. The broadband dual-polarization base station filter antenna with high-frequency out-of-band suppression characteristics according to claim 4, characterized in that: Two opposing third card slots (24) are provided on the first dielectric substrate (2) at positions corresponding to the third dielectric substrate (51), and two other opposing third card slots (24) are provided at positions corresponding to the fourth dielectric substrate (52); the third card slots (24) are metallized card slots; Four fourth slots (12) are provided on the metal substrate (1) at positions corresponding to the third slots (24); The third dielectric substrate (51) is fixed between the first dielectric substrate (2) and the metal substrate (1) via two opposing third card slots (24) and two corresponding fourth card slots (12); the fourth dielectric substrate (52) is fixed between the first dielectric substrate (2) and the metal substrate (1) via two other opposing third card slots (24) and two corresponding fourth card slots (12); and the balun metal ground (53) and the first metal patch (21) are connected via the third card slots (24); Two through holes (13) are provided on the metal substrate (1); the two external feed connectors respectively pass through the two through holes (13) and then the inner cores are respectively connected to the other ends of the first coaxial feed line (55) and the second coaxial feed line (56).

6. The broadband dual-polarization base station filter antenna with high-frequency out-of-band suppression characteristics according to claim 5, characterized in that: The metal coupling patch (22), the first metal patch (21), the second metal patch (31), the balun metal ground (53) and the balun feed line (54) are all manufactured by printing.

7. The broadband dual-polarization base station filter antenna with high-frequency out-of-band suppression characteristics according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first dielectric substrate (2), the second dielectric substrate (3), the third dielectric substrate (51), and the fourth dielectric substrate (52) are made of FR-4 or F4B material.

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