A mixing funnel for a combustor flame tube

Abstract

This application belongs to the field of aero-gas turbine engine combustor design, and particularly relates to a mixing funnel of a combustor flame tube. The funnel wall is fixedly connected to adapter plates on both sides of one end of the funnel wall. The funnel wall includes an inlet section, a transition section, and an outlet section. An inlet air flow channel is formed on the inner surface of the inlet section, a transition air flow channel is formed on the inner surface of the transition section, and an outlet air flow channel is formed on the inner surface of the outlet section. The inlet air flow channel, the transition air flow channel, and the outlet air flow channel together form a funnel air intake channel for allowing the air outside the flame tube wall to enter the inner side of the wall surface. The center line of the outlet air flow channel is skewed relative to the center line of the air flow channel. Multiple cooling channels are arranged on the funnel wall and penetrate through the funnel wall to connect the end surface of the inlet section and the end surface of the outlet section. By arranging multiple cooling channels on the funnel wall, efficient cooling of the funnel wall can be achieved, thereby reducing the ablation risk of the mixing funnel. By setting the shape and distribution mode of the cooling channels, the cooling effect is enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of aero - gas turbine engine combustor design, and particularly relates to a mixing funnel for a combustor flame tube. Background Art

[0002] The aero - gas turbine engine combustor is an important component in the engine. Its main function is to achieve efficient fuel combustion, form high - temperature gas to drive the turbine to do work. The performance of the combustor directly affects the performance of the whole engine. During its operation, it should not only ensure high combustion efficiency and low total pressure loss, but also provide an excellent outlet temperature field for the turbine. The level of the combustor outlet temperature field is mainly affected by the amount of mixing air and the mixing effect, in addition to being related to the combustion organization mode at the head of the flame tube. The mixing funnel of the flame tube can increase the penetration depth of the mixing jet and promote the mixing effect of the mixing air and the mainstream high - temperature gas, which is one of the important means for adjusting the combustor outlet temperature field. The mixing funnel of the combustor flame tube in the existing technical solutions is generally of a straight - tube structure. As shown in Figure 5 , the air entering from the mixing funnel forms a 90 - degree angle with the flame tube wall and mixes with the mainstream high - temperature gas, mainly used for adjusting the combustor outlet temperature field. With the continuous progress of aero - engine technology, whether for advanced military high - temperature - rise combustors or civilian low - pollution combustors, more fuel needs to be efficiently burned in the head region of the flame tube. As a result, the proportion of swirling air at the head of the combustor gradually increases. After the proportion of swirling air increases, the available mixing air volume in the flame tube decreases. Moreover, as the swirling intensity of the mainstream high - temperature gas increases, the mixing effect of the traditional vertical air - intake mode adopted by the mixing funnel of the flame tube cannot well meet the mixing requirements of the high - temperature gas, easily leading to the deterioration of the combustor outlet temperature field, and further affecting the turbine life. In addition, the mixing funnels in the existing technical solutions generally have no special cooling design, and the high temperature inside the flame tube easily causes ablation of the mixing funnel. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To solve the above problems, this application provides a mixing funnel for a combustor flame tube, including:

[0004] A funnel wall and adapter plates fixedly connected to both sides at one end of the funnel wall;

[0005] The funnel wall includes an inlet section, a transition section, and an outlet section;

[0006] An inlet air flow channel is formed on the inner surface of the inlet section, a transition air flow channel is formed on the inner surface of the transition section, and an outlet air flow channel is formed on the inner surface of the outlet section. The inlet air flow channel, the transition air flow channel, and the outlet air flow channel together form a funnel air - intake channel for allowing the air outside the flame tube wall to enter the inner side of the wall; the center line of the outlet air flow channel is skewed relative to the center line of the air flow channel;

[0007] A plurality of cooling channels are arranged on the funnel wall, penetrating through the funnel wall and connecting the end face of the inlet section and the end face of the outlet section.

[0008] Preferably, the ratio of the outlet area of the outlet gas flow channel to the inlet area of the inlet gas flow channel is less than 1.

[0009] Preferably, both the inlet section and the outlet section are cylindrical tubes; a curved tubular transition section connects the inlet section and the outlet section; the transition section makes the centerlines of the inlet section and the outlet section have an included angle.

[0010] Preferably, the deflection of the centerline of the outlet gas flow channel relative to the centerline of the inlet gas flow channel is towards the inlet direction of the flame tube, and the deflection angle H is 5 to 40 degrees.

[0011] Preferably, there are multiple cooling channels, and the multiple cooling channels are distributed circumferentially along the funnel wall.

[0012] Preferably, the cross-section of the cooling channel is circular, elliptical or rectangular.

[0013] Preferably, the spacing between the cooling channels gradually increases at the axis position in the gas flow direction of the combustion chamber flame tube near the funnel wall.

[0014] Preferably, the cooling channel includes an annular cavity formed along the circumferential direction of the funnel wall, and there are multiple support plates in the annular cavity.

[0015] Preferably, the cooling channel is an equal-area channel or a gradually contracting channel.

[0016] Preferably, the inlet gas flow channel is an equal-area channel or a contracting channel; the transition gas flow channel is an equal-area channel or a contracting channel; the outlet gas flow channel is an equal-area channel or a contracting channel.

[0017] The advantages of this application include:

[0018] 1. For the mixing funnel of the combustion chamber flame tube of this application, by deflecting the mixing air, better mixing matching with the mainstream rotating high-temperature gas can be achieved, so as to optimize the temperature field at the outlet of the combustion chamber;

[0019] 2. For the mixing funnel of the combustion chamber flame tube, by arranging a plurality of cooling channels 2 on the funnel wall 1, efficient cooling of the funnel wall 1 can be realized, thereby reducing the ablation risk of the mixing funnel. By setting the shape and distribution mode of the cooling channels 2, the cooling effect is enhanced. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1 It is a sectional view of the mixing funnel of the combustion chamber flame tube in a preferred embodiment of this application;

[0021] Figure 2It is a sectional view of the combustion chamber flame tube with a mixing funnel in a preferred embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a side view of the mixing funnel of the combustion chamber flame tube in a preferred embodiment of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0023] Figure 4 It is a side view of the mixing funnel of the combustion chamber flame tube in a preferred embodiment of the present application Figure 2 ;

[0024] Figure 5 It is the mixing funnel of the flame tube of the prior art solution. Specific embodiments

[0025] To make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the implementation of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions throughout. The described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present application. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present application and should not be construed as limiting the present application. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present application. The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0026] The mixing funnel has a funnel wall 1 and adapter pieces A fixedly connected to both sides of one end of the funnel wall 1; the mixing funnel is snap-connected to the flame tube B through the adapter pieces A, and the funnel wall 1 includes an inlet section 3, a transition section 4, and an outlet section 5; an inlet air flow channel E is formed on the inner surface of the inlet section 3, a transition air flow channel F is formed on the inner surface of the transition section 4, and an outlet air flow channel G is formed on the inner surface of the outlet section 5. The inlet air flow channel E, the transition air flow channel F, and the outlet air flow channel G together form a funnel air intake channel for allowing the air outside the wall surface of the flame tube B to enter the inner side of the wall surface; the center line of the outlet air flow channel G is skewed relative to the center line of the air flow channel E; the skewness of the center line of the outlet air flow channel G relative to the center line of the inlet air flow channel E is biased towards the inlet direction of the flame tube, and the skewed angle H is 5 to 40 degrees, Figure 1 In [it], H is selected to be 30 degrees.

[0027] A plurality of cooling channels 2 are arranged on the funnel wall 1 and penetrate through the funnel wall 1 to connect the end face of the inlet section 3 and the end face of the outlet section 5.

[0028] In an alternative embodiment, the ratio of the outlet area of the outlet air flow channel G to the inlet area of the inlet air flow channel E is less than 1.

[0029] In an alternative embodiment, both the inlet section 3 and the outlet section 5 are cylindrical tubes; the bent tubular transition section 4 connects the inlet section 3 and the outlet section 5; the transition section 4 makes the central axes of the inlet section 3 and the outlet section 5 form an included angle.

[0030] In an alternative embodiment, there are multiple cooling channels 2, and the multiple cooling channels 2 are circumferentially distributed along the funnel wall 1.

[0031] In an alternative embodiment, the cross-section of the cooling channel 2 is circular, elliptical or rectangular.

[0032] In an alternative embodiment, the spacing between the cooling channels 2 gradually increases at the axial position of the funnel wall 1 close to the gas flow direction of the combustion chamber flame tube.

[0033] In an alternative embodiment, the cooling channel 2 includes an annular cavity formed along the circumference of the funnel wall 1, and there are multiple support plates in the annular cavity.

[0034] In an alternative embodiment, the cooling channel 2 is an equal-area channel or a gradually contracting channel.

[0035] In an alternative embodiment, the inlet air flow channel E is an equal-area channel or a contracting channel; the transition air flow channel F is an equal-area channel or a contracting channel; the outlet air flow channel G is an equal-area channel or a contracting channel.

[0036] The working principle of the mixing funnel in this application: During the operation of an aero gas turbine engine, after the air at the compressor outlet enters the combustion chamber, most of it enters the flame tube B through the swirler D, a large number of cooling holes on the flame tube B and the multiple mixing funnels to participate in combustion. Fuel is supplied into the flame tube B from the front end face of the fuel nozzle C. The air entering through the swirler D generates a recirculation zone in the flame tube B. After the fuel enters the recirculation zone, it undergoes a strong mixing and combustion process with the air to form high-temperature gas. The air outside the flame tube B enters the flame tube B at a certain angle through the inlet air flow channel E, the transition air flow channel F and the outlet air flow channel G of the mixing funnel, and the mixing air undergoes strong mixing with the mainstream high-temperature gas. The deflection angle H of the mixing funnel is determined according to the rotation direction of the mainstream high-temperature gas flow. Simulation or experimental means can be used to screen the optimal deflection angle H. According to design experience, the deflection angle H should be selected within the range of 5 to 40 degrees, preferably 30 degrees. Compared with the mixing funnel with traditional vertical flame tube intake, the mixing funnel can achieve better mixing matching with the mainstream rotating high-temperature gas by deflecting the mixing air, so as to optimize the temperature field at the outlet of the combustion chamber.

[0037] To reduce the ablation risk of the funnel wall 1 during actual use, multiple cooling channels 2 are arranged on the funnel wall 1. The air outside the flame tube B enters the flame tube through the cooling channels 2 to participate in combustion. During the process of flowing through the cooling channels 2, this part of the air can efficiently cool the funnel wall 1, thereby reducing the ablation risk of the mixing funnel.

[0038] For the mixing funnel, the funnel wall 1 is connected to the flame tube B through the adapter piece A. The circumferential installation angle between the adapter piece A and the flame tube B is determined according to the actual outlet temperature field adjustment requirements.

[0039] For the mixing funnel, the actual number of flame tubes used is determined in combination with the specific design requirements of the combustion chamber.

[0040] The advantages of this application include:

[0041] 1. For the mixing funnel of the combustion chamber flame tube of this application, by deflecting the mixing air, better mixing matching with the mainstream rotating high-temperature gas can be achieved, so as to optimize the outlet temperature field of the combustion chamber;

[0042] 2. For the mixing funnel of the combustion chamber flame tube, by arranging multiple cooling channels 2 on the funnel wall 1, efficient cooling of the funnel wall 1 can be achieved, thereby reducing the ablation risk of the mixing funnel. By setting the shape and distribution mode of the cooling channels 2, the cooling effect is enhanced.

[0043] The above is only the specific implementation manner of this application, but the protection scope of this application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be covered within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be subject to the protection scope of the claimed rights.

Claims

1. A mixing funnel for a combustion chamber flame tube, characterized in that, Comprising: A funnel wall (1) and adapter plates (A) fixedly connected to both sides of one end of the funnel wall (1); The funnel wall (1) includes an inlet section (3), a transition section (4), and an outlet section (5); An inlet gas flow channel (E) is formed on the inner surface of the inlet section (3), a transition gas flow channel (F) is formed on the inner surface of the transition section (4), and an outlet gas flow channel (G) is formed on the inner surface of the outlet section (5). The inlet gas flow channel (E), the transition gas flow channel (F), and the outlet gas flow channel (G) together form a funnel intake channel for allowing air outside the wall surface of the flame tube (B) to enter the inner side of the wall surface. The centerline of the outlet gas flow channel (G) is skewed relative to the centerline of the gas flow channel (E); Multiple cooling channels (2) are arranged on the funnel wall (1) and penetrate through the funnel wall (1) to connect the end face of the inlet section (3) and the end face of the outlet section (5); Both the inlet section (3) and the outlet section (5) are cylindrical tubes; the curved tubular transition section (4) connects the inlet section (3) and the outlet section (5); the transition section (4) makes the centerlines of the inlet section (3) and the outlet section (5) have an included angle; The multiple cooling channels (2) are circumferentially distributed along the funnel wall (1); The skew of the centerline of the outlet gas flow channel (G) relative to the centerline of the inlet gas flow channel (E) is towards the flame tube inlet direction. The mixing funnel deflection angle H is determined according to the rotation direction of the mainstream high-temperature gas flow, and the deflection angle H is 5 to 40 degrees. The ratio of the outlet area of the outlet gas flow channel (G) to the inlet area of the inlet gas flow channel (E) is less than 1.

2. The mixing funnel of the combustion chamber flame tube according to claim 1, characterized in that The cross-section of the cooling channel (2) is circular, elliptical, or rectangular.

3. The mixing funnel of the combustion chamber flame tube according to claim 1, characterized in that The spacing between the cooling channels (2) gradually increases at the axis position of the funnel wall (1) in the gas flow direction of the combustion chamber flame tube.

4. The mixing funnel of the combustion chamber flame tube according to claim 1, wherein The cooling channel (2) includes an annular cavity formed along the circumference of the funnel wall (1), and a plurality of support plates are provided in the annular cavity.

5. The mixing funnel of the combustion chamber flame tube according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cooling channel (2) is a constant-area channel or a gradually contracting channel.

6. The mixing funnel of the combustion chamber flame tube according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inlet gas flow channel (E) is a constant-area channel or a contracting channel; the transition gas flow channel (F) is a constant-area channel or a contracting channel; the outlet gas flow channel (G) is a constant-area channel or a contracting channel.

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