A method for plugging and blasting blast holes based on liquid blockages

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for plugging and blasting a blast hole based on a liquid plugging material. The liquid plugging material (3) is prepared from water, a base material, and a steady-state agent. Along the axis direction of the blast hole (1), from the bottom of the hole to the outside of the hole, there are explosive (2), liquid plugging material (3), and hole mouth limit card (4) in sequence; the detonator (5) is located at the bottom of the explosive (2), the detonator initiation wire (6) is laid along the hole wall of the blast hole (1), one end of the detonator initiation wire (6) is connected to the detonator (5), and the other end of the detonator initiation wire (6) is led to the outside of the blast hole (1) through the round hole in the middle of the hole mouth limit card (4) and connected to the initiation network; the length L of the blast hole plugging is L = k1×k2×k3×(A×V×t + B×RQD + C×P). The method of the present invention reduces the length of the blast hole plugging on the premise of ensuring the blasting rock-breaking effect, reduces the labor intensity of the plugging operation, improves the efficiency of the blasting operation, prolongs the action time of the detonation wave in the blast hole, improves the blasting rock-breaking effect, reduces the large block rate of blasting, and improves the efficiency of the loading operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of blast-hole blasting, and particularly relates to a method for plugging blast holes with a liquid plugging material, which can reduce the blast-hole plugging length and the labor intensity of blast-hole plugging on the premise of ensuring the blasting quality, and can be widely applied in underground mine roadways, stope faces, tunnels and open-pit blasting. Background Art

[0002] Blast-hole plugging is one of the key factors for improving the blasting effect. Through correct plugging, the loss of explosion energy in the blast holes can be reduced or avoided, the blasting action time can be prolonged, the utilization rate of explosive energy can be improved, the rock-breaking quality of blasting can be improved, and the air shock and blasting flyrock can be reduced. Research shows that if there is no blast-hole plugging, the energy escaping from the blast holes can be as high as 50% of the explosion energy, which shows the importance of blast-hole plugging. The plugging length is closely related to the plugging quality and the plugging material. A reasonable plugging length should be able to reduce the loss of explosion gas energy and increase the charge amount in the drill hole as much as possible; a good plugging quality should increase the action time of the explosion gas in the blast hole as much as possible and reduce the hazards of air shock waves, noise and individual flyrocks. When the plugging quality is good and the density of the plugging material is large, the plugging length can be reduced.

[0003] Then, how to determine a reasonable plugging length and plugging quality to give full play to the energy of explosive explosion and achieve the best blasting effect? At present, blast-hole plugging has been widely used in open-pit blasting. In production practice, drill cuttings are generally used as the blast-hole plugging material in open-pit blasting, mainly relying on the gravity load of the cuttings to avoid the occurrence of punching phenomena; the plugging length L is usually determined by empirical formulas, generally taking a certain multiple of the hole diameter d or the burden W for calculation, such as L=(20-30)d, L=(0.7-1.0)W. Although the Safety Regulations for Blasting stipulate that underground blast holes should be plugged with clay or a mixture of clay and sand; the plugging length of the blast holes should meet the following requirements: when the depth of the blast hole is less than 0.6 m, no charge and blasting should be carried out; when the depth of the blast hole is 0.6-1.0 m, the stemming length should not be less than 1 / 2 of the blast-hole depth; when the depth of the blast hole exceeds 1.0 m, the stemming length should not be less than 0.5 m; when the depth of the blast hole exceeds 2.5 m, the stemming length should not be less than 1.0 m; in smooth blasting, the peripheral holes should be sealed with stemming, and the stemming length should not be less than 0.3 m; blast holes without stemming, insufficient stemming or loose stemming should not be blasted. However, in actual production, underground blasting lags far behind in terms of blast-hole plugging. Compared with open-pit blasting, the diameter of underground blast holes is relatively small, the number of blast holes is large, the plugging workload is large and time-consuming, and the plugging materials are lacking and the transportation is inconvenient. Therefore, in many mine roadways, stope faces and tunnel excavation blasting operations, no plugging is usually carried out or simple plugging is carried out with woven bags before blasting, which seriously reduces the blasting quality, resulting in a high large-block rate of blasting, low explosive utilization rate and large explosive consumption.

[0004] It can be seen that in current blasting operations, either there is no stemming or the stemming length of the blast holes is usually selected according to empirical formulas. The accuracy of the stemming length is poor, and influencing factors such as rock mass characteristics, rock mass quality index, explosive performance, temperature, in-situ stress, and stemming material are not considered. Moreover, the stemming length is large, the labor intensity is high, and there are significant differences in the stemming compactness, making it difficult to ensure the stemming quality. Therefore, determining the stemming length relying on empirical formulas has certain application limitations.

[0005] Therefore, considering various influencing factors comprehensively, the present invention proposes a method for stemming blast holes based on a liquid stemming material, which can reduce the stemming length on the premise of ensuring the rock-breaking effect of blasting, reduce the labor intensity of the stemming operation, improve the efficiency of blasting operations, and has strong applicability in underground roadways, stopes, tunnels, and open-pit blasting. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To solve the problems of large differences in the stemming length of blast holes determined by experience currently, large differences in the stemming compactness, difficulty in ensuring the stemming quality, poor quality of rock-breaking by blasting, lack of stemming materials, and inconvenient transportation, the present invention provides a method for stemming blast holes based on a liquid stemming material. This method uses a liquid stemming material as the stemming material, which can reduce the stemming length of blast holes in open-pit and underground blasting, improve the utilization rate of explosive energy, improve the quality of rock-breaking by blasting, reduce the labor intensity of stemming blast holes, avoid the hazards of blasting shock waves and flying rocks, and improve the safety of blasting operations.

[0007] To achieve the above object of the present invention, a method for stemming blast holes based on a liquid stemming material of the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] 1) The liquid stemming material is prepared from water, base material, and a stabilizer, and is used to stem the blast holes instead of stemming clay. The mass ratio of water to the base material is 1:1 to 1:5, and the stabilizer is 0.5% to 6.5% of the mass of the base material; the liquid stemming material is sealed and packaged into a cylindrical shape with a degradable fiber material, and its external dimensions are adapted to the diameter of the blast hole, and can be flexibly adjusted according to the required diameter of the on-site blast hole. The diameter of the liquid stemming material is generally between 30 mm and 400 mm.

[0009] The liquid stemming material can be made on the blasting site or produced in a processing workshop and transported to the blasting site for stemming the blast holes to improve the on-site construction efficiency.

[0010] 2) The charging structure in the blast hole is as follows: along the axis of the blast hole, from the bottom of the hole to the outside of the hole, there are explosive, liquid stemming material, and an orifice limiting card in sequence; the detonator is located at the bottom of the explosive, and the reverse initiation method is adopted; the initiation wire of the detonator is laid along the hole wall of the blast hole. One end of the initiation wire of the detonator is connected to the detonator, and the other end of the initiation wire of the detonator is led out of the blast hole through the round hole in the middle of the orifice limiting card and connected to the initiation network.

[0011] The length of the described orifice limit clamp is 8 - 10 cm, and the diameter of the orifice limit clamp is generally adjusted within the range of 30 mm - 400 mm, which is matched with the diameter of the blast hole to meet the requirements of different hole diameter parameters.

[0012] 3) The blast hole plugging length L of the liquid plugging material comprehensively considers multiple influencing factors such as rock mass characteristics, rock mass quality index, explosive performance, temperature, in-situ stress, as well as the plugging material and plugging density, and is calculated by the following formula:

[0013] L = k1 × k2 × k3 × (A × V × t + B × RQD + C × P)

[0014] In the formula, L - blast hole plugging length, m; V - longitudinal wave velocity of the rock mass, m / s; t - shortest time for the explosive stress wave to propagate to the free surface, s; RQD - RQD value of the rock mass quality index (the ratio of the sum of the lengths of the core segments longer than 10 cm in the core to the total core length); P - detonation pressure of the explosive, MPa; A, B, C - regression coefficients of the longitudinal wave velocity of the rock mass, RQD value of the rock mass, and detonation pressure of the explosive respectively; k1 - rock mass temperature influence coefficient, k2 - in-situ stress level influence coefficient, k3 - plugging material and plugging density influence coefficient.

[0015] 4) The determination method of the blast hole plugging length L of the liquid plugging material is as follows:

[0016] First, use an acoustic CT tester or other rock mass wave velocity measurement equipment to measure and determine the longitudinal wave velocity V of the rock mass on-site; calculate and determine the shortest time t for the explosive stress wave to propagate to the free surface according to the blasting resistance line parameters; determine the RQD value of the rock mass quality index through on-site rock coring work; determine the detonation pressure P of the explosive according to the explosive parameters selected for on-site blasting; substitute the obtained values of V, t, RQD, and P into the calculation formula for the plugging length L.

[0017] Then, use the orthogonal design and uniform design methods to make test plans. Through more than 15 on-site blasting tests of liquid plugging materials with different component ratios, collect a large number of on-site blasting data samples, and establish a large database of blasting effects; use computer software to compile a machine self-learning calculation program, and use the machine self-learning method to train and calculate the database to optimize and determine the calculation formula for the blast hole plugging length L that achieves the best effect under different conditions, output the corresponding coefficients of A, B, C, k1, k2, k3, clarify the best component ratio, and guide the production practice of blasting operations.

[0018] As a preference of the present invention, the packaging form of the liquid plugging material is a cylinder with spiral protrusions, and according to the on-site blast hole plugging requirements, the single-section packaging length is controlled between 0.3 m and 0.6 m.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the liquid plugging material is delivered into the blast hole via a unidirectional spiral, and the friction and bite force with the blast hole are increased via the threaded protrusions, thereby increasing the close contact with the hole wall.

[0020] Furthermore, the base material is one of bentonite, starch and organic powder.

[0021] Furthermore, the stabilizer is one of an inorganic dispersant, an organic dispersant, and a polymer dispersant.

[0022] Furthermore, the stabilizer is an inorganic dispersant, and polyphosphate is selected, which is one of sodium pyrophosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate, and sodium hexametaphosphate.

[0023] Furthermore, the stabilizer is an organic dispersant, and is selected from one of alkyl aryl phosphates, alkyl benzene sulfonates, dialkyl sulfosuccinates, trimethyl stearamide chloride, polyoxyethylene alkylphenol ether, and sorbitol alkylate.

[0024] Furthermore, the stabilizer is a polymer dispersant, selected from one of polycarboxylates, polymethacrylic acid derivatives, and maleic anhydride copolymers.

[0025] The liquid plug of the present invention is in liquid state under normal room temperature conditions, and has the inherent characteristic of instantaneous phase change of "becoming stronger when encountering strong forces"; under the action of high temperature and high pressure load after blasting, it can be instantly transformed from liquid to solid state, and the compressive strength and shear strength increase sharply instantly, and the blasting resistance is significantly enhanced. At this time, the wave impedance of the plug is significantly greater than the wave impedance of the explosive, and the blockage length can be reduced; the detonation wave is reflected at the interface between the plug and the explosive, which can enhance the hole wall pressure in the blasting hole and avoid premature unloading of the blasting pressure; through multiple round-trip reflections of the detonation wave, the blasting action time can be extended and the rock fracture effect can be enhanced.

[0026] The method for plugging blasting holes based on liquid plugging material of the present invention has the following positive effects after adopting the above technical scheme:

[0027] (1) Through a large number of experimental studies, the calculation and disclosure of the blasthole plugging length L of the liquid plug is based on comprehensive consideration of multiple influencing factors such as rock mass characteristics, rock mass quality indicators, explosive performance, temperature, ground stress, and plugging material and plugging density. This provides a theoretical basis for improving the calculation accuracy of the blasthole plugging length, thereby overcoming the drawback of relying on the blasthole empirical formula to determine the blasthole plugging length. The blasthole plugging length is reduced while ensuring the blasting and rock breaking effect, thereby reducing the labor intensity of the plugging operation and improving the blasting operation efficiency.

[0028] (2) It can improve the density of stemming in blast holes, extend the action time of detonation waves in blast holes, improve the rock-breaking effect of blasting, reduce the large block rate of blasting, and improve the loading efficiency.

[0029] (3) By improving the stemming quality of blast holes, it is possible to avoid the hazards of blasting shock waves and flying rocks, improve the safety of blasting operations, and create a good blasting operation environment.

[0030] (4) The method of the present invention uses an orifice limit card to control the position of the liquid stemming in the blast hole, ensuring the stemming quality of the blast hole.

[0031] (5) The application results of the method of the present invention at the blasting engineering site of a certain underground iron mine show that by replacing the conventional rock powder stemming with a liquid stemming and cooperating with an orifice limit card, not only the calculation accuracy of the stemming length of the blast hole is greatly improved, but also the stemming length is reduced by 15% - 30% on the premise of ensuring the stemming quality, the utilization rate of explosive energy is increased by more than 15%, and the rock-breaking effect of blasting is improved. Description of the Drawings

[0032] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the blast hole layout of a method for stemming blast holes based on a liquid stemming according to the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the charging structure of a method for stemming blast holes based on a liquid stemming according to the present invention.

[0034] The reference numerals are: 1 - blast hole; 2 - explosive; 3 - liquid stemming; 4 - orifice limit card; 5 - detonator; 6 - detonator initiation wire; 7 - ore and rock. Detailed Embodiments

[0035] To better describe the present invention, the following further describes in detail a method for stemming blast holes based on a liquid stemming according to the present invention with reference to the drawings.

[0036] From Figure 1 the schematic diagram of the charging structure of a method for stemming blast holes based on a liquid stemming according to the present invention shown and in combination with Figure 2 it can be seen that the method for stemming blast holes based on a liquid stemming according to the present invention is specifically implemented by the following technical solutions:

[0037] 1) The liquid plugging material 3 is prepared from water, base material, and a steady-state agent. The mass ratio of water to the base material is 1:1 to 1:5, and the steady-state agent is 0.5% to 6.5% of the mass of the base material. The liquid plugging material 3 is hermetically packaged in a cylindrical shape using a degradable fiber material. Its external dimensions are adapted to the diameter of the blast hole. The diameter of the liquid plugging material 3 ranges from 30 mm to 400 mm and can be flexibly adjusted according to the requirements of the on-site blast hole diameter to meet the construction needs of different blast hole diameters in open-pit, underground (stope, roadway, adit), and tunnel blasting. The packaging form of the liquid plugging material 3 is a cylindrical shape with a threaded protrusion, and the single-section length is controlled between 0.3 m and 0.6 m.

[0038] The base material mentioned above is one of bentonite, starch, and organic powder. The steady-state agent is one of inorganic dispersants, organic dispersants, and polymer dispersants. After adding the dispersant, since the dispersant adsorbs on the surface of the particles, the original particle surface is partially or completely covered by the dispersant, hindering particle agglomeration, improving the suspension and stability of the slurry, and preventing particle sedimentation and poor slurry stability. Inorganic dispersants for the steady-state agent: There are polyphosphates such as sodium pyrophosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate, and sodium hexametaphosphate. Organic dispersants: There are anionic, cationic, and non-ionic types. For example, alkyl aryl phosphates, alkyl benzene sulfonates, and dialkyl sulfosuccinates are anionic. Trimethyl stearamide chloride is cationic. Polyoxyethylene alkyl phenol ethers, sorbitol alkylates, etc. are non-ionic. Polymer dispersants: There are polycarboxylates, poly(meth)acrylic acid derivatives, maleic anhydride copolymers, etc.

[0039] 2) The charging structure in the blast hole 1 is as follows: Along the axis direction of the blast hole 1, from the bottom of the hole to the outside of the hole, there are explosive 2, liquid plugging material 3, and hole mouth limit card 4 in sequence. The detonator 5 is located at the bottom of the explosive 2. The detonator initiation wire 6 is laid along the hole wall of the blast hole 1. One end of the detonator initiation wire 6 is connected to the detonator 5, and the other end of the detonator initiation wire 6 is led out of the blast hole 1 through the round hole in the middle of the hole mouth limit card 4 and connected to the initiation network.

[0040] The length of the hole mouth limit card 4 is 8 - 10 cm, and its diameter matches the diameter of the blast hole 1 and can be adjusted within the range of 30 mm to 400 mm.

[0041] 3) The blast hole plugging length L of the liquid plugging material 3 comprehensively considers multiple influencing factors such as rock mass characteristics, rock mass quality index, explosive performance, temperature, in-situ stress, as well as the plugging material quality and plugging density, and is calculated by the following formula:

[0042] L = k1 × k2 × k3 × (A × V × t + B × RQD + C × P)

[0043] Wherein, L is the stemming length of the blast hole, in m; V is the longitudinal wave velocity of the rock mass, in m / s; t is the shortest time for the explosive stress wave to propagate to the free surface, in s; RQD is the RQD value of the rock mass quality index; P is the detonation pressure of the explosive, in MPa; A, B, and C are the regression coefficients of the longitudinal wave velocity of the rock mass, the RQD value of the rock mass, and the detonation pressure of the explosive, respectively; k1 is the rock mass temperature influence coefficient, k2 is the in-situ stress level influence coefficient, and k3 is the influence coefficient of the stemming material and the stemming density;

[0044] 4) The method for determining the stemming length L of the liquid stemming 3 is as follows:

[0045] First, use an acoustic CT tester or other rock mass wave velocity measuring equipment to measure and determine the longitudinal wave velocity V of the rock mass on-site; calculate and determine the shortest time t for the explosive stress wave to propagate to the free surface according to the blasting resistance line parameters; determine the RQD value of the rock mass quality index through on-site rock coring work; determine the detonation pressure P of the explosive according to the explosive parameters selected for on-site blasting; substitute the obtained values of V, t, RQD, and P into the calculation formula for the stemming length L;

[0046] 5) According to the designed blast hole parameters, complete the perforation work of the blast hole 1 in the ore rock 7; after inspection and acceptance, send the detonator 5 and the explosive 2 into the blast hole 1 together. According to the blast area design scheme, detonators 5 with different delays can be set in different blast holes 1 to form a millisecond delay initiation network. For a non-electric initiation system, there is no detonator initiation wire 6 connected to the detonator 5, which is also applicable to the present invention.

[0047] 6) Install the liquid stemming 3 into the blast hole 1 according to the stemming length L of the blast hole, in contact with the explosive 2. The explosive 2 can be an on-site mixed explosive or an emulsion explosive cartridge.

[0048] 7) Send the orifice limiting clip 4 into the blast hole 1, in contact with the liquid stemming 3.

[0049] 8) Check and connect the initiation network, and conduct blasting operations after confirming safety; analyze and evaluate the blasting effects of different schemes.

[0050] 9) For different rock masses, explosives, in-situ stress, and temperature environment conditions, use the orthogonal design and uniform design methods to make test schemes. Through more than 15 on-site blasting tests of liquid stemmings (3) with different component ratios, collect a large number of on-site blasting data samples, and establish a large database of blasting effects; use computer software to compile a machine self-learning calculation program, and use the machine self-learning method to train and calculate the database to optimize and determine the calculation formula for the stemming length L of the blast hole that achieves the best effect under different conditions, output the corresponding coefficients of A, B, C, k1, k2, and k3, and clarify the best component ratio to guide the production practice of blasting operations.

[0051] The present invention reduces the stemming length of blast holes by using the phase change characteristic of the liquid plugging material that "the stronger it encounters, the stronger it becomes", and reduces the on-site stemming workload; by using the proposed calculation formula for the stemming length of blast holes, a database established based on the results of a large number of on-site tests, and by programming a machine self-learning calculation program, the stemming length for achieving the best blasting effect under different conditions is optimized and determined; a hole mouth limit card is used to control the position of the liquid plugging material in the blast hole to ensure the stemming quality of the blast hole. The method of the present invention can be widely applied in underground roadways, tunnels, stope and open-pit blasting operations.

Claims

1. A method for plugging and blasting a blast hole based on a liquid plug, characterized in that The following technical solutions are adopted: 1) The liquid plugging material (3) is prepared from water, base material, and a steady-state agent. The mass ratio of water to the base material is 1:1 to 1:5, and the steady-state agent is 0.5% to 6.5% of the mass of the base material. The liquid plugging material (3) is sealed and packaged into a cylindrical shape using a degradable fiber material. The outer dimensions are adapted to the diameter of the blast hole and can be flexibly adjusted according to the requirements of the on-site blast hole diameter. 2) The charging structure in the blast hole (1) is as follows: Along the axis of the blast hole (1), from the bottom of the hole to the outside of the hole, there are explosive (2), liquid plugging material (3), and hole mouth limit card (4) in sequence. The detonator (5) is located at the bottom of the explosive (2). The detonator initiation wire (6) is laid along the hole wall of the blast hole (1). One end of the detonator initiation wire (6) is connected to the detonator (5), and the other end of the detonator initiation wire (6) is led out of the blast hole (1) through the round hole in the middle of the hole mouth limit card (4) and connected to the initiation network. 3) The blast hole plugging length L of the liquid plugging material (3) comprehensively considers multiple influencing factors such as rock mass characteristics, rock mass quality index, explosive performance, temperature, in-situ stress, as well as the plugging material quality and plugging density, and is calculated by the following formula: L = k1 × k2 × k3 × (A × V × t + B × RQD + C × P) In the formula, L - blast hole plugging length, m; V - longitudinal wave velocity of the rock mass, m / s; t - shortest time for the explosive stress wave to propagate to the free surface, s; RQD - RQD value of the rock mass quality index; P - detonation pressure of the explosive, MPa; A, B, C - regression coefficients of the longitudinal wave velocity of the rock mass, RQD value of the rock mass, and detonation pressure of the explosive respectively; k1 - rock mass temperature influence coefficient, k2 - in-situ stress level influence coefficient, k3 - plugging material quality and plugging density influence coefficient. 4) The method for determining the blast hole plugging length L of the liquid plugging material (3) is as follows: First, use an acoustic CT tester or other rock mass wave velocity measurement equipment to measure and determine the longitudinal wave velocity V of the rock mass on-site; calculate and determine the shortest time t for the explosive stress wave to propagate to the free surface according to the blasting resistance line parameters; determine the RQD value of the rock mass quality index through on-site rock coring work; determine the detonation pressure P of the explosive according to the explosive parameters selected for on-site blasting; substitute the obtained values of V, t, RQD, and P into the plugging length L calculation formula. Then, use the orthogonal design and uniform design methods to make test plans. Through more than 15 on-site blasting tests of the liquid plugging material (3) with different component ratios, collect a large number of on-site blasting data samples, and establish a large database of blasting effects. Use computer software to compile a machine self-learning calculation program, and use the machine self-learning method to train and calculate the database to optimize and determine the blast hole plugging length L calculation formula that achieves the best effect under different conditions, output the corresponding coefficients of A, B, C, k1, k2, k3, clarify the best component ratio, and guide the production practice of blasting operations.

2. The method for plugging and blasting a blast hole based on a liquid plug as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The packaging form of the liquid plugging material (3) is a cylindrical shape with threaded protrusions, and the single-section length is controlled between 0.3 m and 0.6 m.

3. The method for plugging and blasting a blast hole based on a liquid plug as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The length of the hole mouth limit card (4) is 8 - 10 cm, and the diameter matches the diameter of the blast hole (1).

4. A method for plugging and blasting a blast hole based on a liquid plug, as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the liquid plug (3) is adjusted within the range of 30 mm to 400 mm; the diameter of the orifice limit clamp (4) is adjusted within the range of 30 mm to 400 mm.

5. The method for plugging and blasting a blast hole based on a liquid plug as claimed in claim 2, wherein: The liquid plug (3) is fed into the blast hole (1) through a unidirectional spiral, and the friction and biting force with the blast hole (1) are increased through the thread-like protrusions, and the tightness with the hole wall is increased.

6. A method for plugging and blasting a blast hole based on a liquid plug as claimed in claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, characterized in that: The base material is one of bentonite, starch, and organic powder.

7. The method for blocking and blasting a blast hole based on a liquid plug as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The stabilizer is one of inorganic dispersants, organic dispersants, and polymer dispersants.

8. A method for plugging and blasting a blast hole based on a liquid plug, as described in claim 7, wherein: The stabilizer is an inorganic dispersant, and polyphosphate is selected, which is one of sodium pyrophosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate, and sodium hexametaphosphate.

9. A method for blocking and blasting a blast hole based on a liquid plug as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The stabilizer is an organic dispersant, and one of alkyl aryl phosphates, alkyl benzene sulfonates, dialkyl sulfosuccinates, trimethyl stearamide chlorides, polyoxyethylene alkyl phenol ethers, and sorbitol alkylates is selected.

10. A method for plugging and blasting a blast hole based on a liquid plug as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The stabilizer is a polymer dispersant, and one of polycarboxylates, polymethacrylic acid derivatives, and maleic anhydride copolymers is selected.

Images