A supporting and fixing device for shearing experiment of metal material composite plate

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of shearing experiments, and discloses a supporting and fixing device for shearing experiments of metal material composite plates, which comprises a workbench, the top of the workbench is fixedly connected with a supporting plate, the top of the supporting plate is fixedly connected with an oil cylinder, the output end of the oil cylinder is fixedly connected with a moving plate, the bottom of the moving plate is fixedly connected with a shearing plate and an extension rod respectively, the end, away from the moving plate, of the extension rod is fixedly connected with a pressing plate, the inner wall of the top of the workbench is slidably connected with a limiting plate, two limiting grooves are arranged on the surface of the limiting plate, the inner walls of the two limiting grooves are movably connected with two moving rods respectively, and one end of the moving rod is fixedly connected with a clamping plate. The clamping plate is gathered and the limiting plate is pressed down, so that the workpiece can be clamped; even if the thickness and the width of the workpiece are changed, the device can still tightly fix the workpiece on the workbench.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of shear testing technology, specifically to a support and fixing device for shear testing of metal composite plates. Background Technology

[0002] The principle of shear testing is based on Coulomb's law. Under different normal pressures, a horizontal shear force is directly applied along a fixed shear plane to obtain the shear stress at which the material fails, which is the shear strength. Existing shear tests involve shearing metal composite plates to test the magnitude of the pressure at which different materials break under shear.

[0003] Utility model patent application number 201721504740.4 discloses a support and fixing device for shearing experiments on metal composite plates. The device includes a fixed base with a central hole into which a connecting base is placed. The connecting base is fixed to the fixed base by a first positioning pin. The outer wall of the top of the connecting base has external threads. A sample support base is fitted onto the top of the connecting base. The sample support base is integrally machined to support the sample clamping block, facilitating the unfolding of the entire sample. The sample support base is U-shaped, with a hole at the bottom for inserting the positioning pin and holes on both sides for installing guide rods and adjusting screws. A scale is provided on the front of the sample support base for data reference during sample gap adjustment during the experiment. This device is inconvenient for fixing and limiting metal composite plates of different thicknesses and widths, thus reducing its applicability. Therefore, this utility model proposes a support and fixing device for shearing experiments on metal composite plates to solve the aforementioned problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a support and fixing device for shearing experiments of metal composite plate equipment, which addresses the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a support and fixing device for shearing experiments of metal composite plates, comprising a worktable, a support plate fixedly connected to the top of the worktable, a hydraulic cylinder fixedly connected to the top of the support plate, a moving plate fixedly connected to the output end of the hydraulic cylinder, a shearing plate and a telescopic rod fixedly connected to the bottom of the moving plate, a pressure plate fixedly connected to the end of the telescopic rod away from the moving plate, a limit plate slidably connected to the inner wall of the top of the worktable, two limit grooves formed on the surface of the limit plate, two moving rods movably connected to the inner walls of the two limit grooves respectively, a clamping plate fixedly connected to one end of the moving rod, a fixing plate fixedly connected to the other end of the moving rod, a double-ended screw threadedly connected to the inner wall of the fixing plate, a crank fixedly connected to the front end of the double-ended screw, the workpiece being placed between the limit plate and the worktable, with the shearing part exposed outside the worktable, then rotating the crank causes the crank to drive the double-ended screw to rotate, the rotation of the double-ended screw will drive the two limited plates to rotate. The fixed plate of the workpiece is brought together; the surface of the telescopic rod is fitted with a spring, and the two ends of the spring are in contact with the bottom of the moving plate and the top of the pressure plate, respectively. The bottom of the pressure plate is in contact with the top of the limiting plate. The bottom of the clamping plate and the moving rod are in contact with the top of the worktable. The gathered fixed plate will drive the moving rod to gather together, and the moving rod will drive the clamping plate to move. At this time, the clamping plate will clamp the workpiece. Then, when the hydraulic cylinder is started and the moving plate is moved down, the moving plate will drive the shearing plate to move down. At the same time, the moving plate will also drive the telescopic rod to move down, and the telescopic rod will drive the pressure plate to move down. The pressure plate will move down and press on the limiting plate, pushing the limiting plate down and pressing the workpiece tightly on the worktable, thereby achieving the fixation of the workpiece. Even if the thickness and width of the workpiece change, the device can still fix the workpiece tightly on the worktable. After the pressure plate presses on the limiting plate and tightly presses the workpiece, the moving plate continues to move down, which will drive the telescopic rod to retract and compress the spring on its surface. At this time, the moving plate moves down and drives the shearing plate to move down and perform a shearing experiment on the workpiece.

[0006] Preferably, the inner wall of the workbench is provided with a protective collection device, which includes a collection box. Two return springs are fixedly connected to the right side of the collection box, and an elastic plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the collection box. When the workpiece is sheared and broken, the broken workpiece falls into the collection box for easy subsequent recovery. The thicker the workpiece, the closer the limiting plate is to the top. In this case, the limiting plate is closer to the top, and the collection box below is no longer blocked by the inclined surface under the limiting plate. This allows the collection box to retract into the workbench under the pull of the return springs, reducing the area of ​​the protruding collection box. The surface of the collection box... The collection box is slidably connected to the inner wall of the worktable. The top of the collection box is in contact with the bottom of the limiting plate. The end of the return spring away from the collection box is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the worktable. The thicker the workpiece, the greater the weight of the sheet material cut off. When the collection box retracts into the worktable, the length of the lever arm can be reduced, so that the force on the workpiece falling into the collection box is smaller. This prevents the collection box from extending too far, causing a heavy workpiece to fall into the collection box, resulting in an excessive lever arm and excessive force on the collection box, which could lead to breakage. The elastic plate on the inner wall of the collection box can buffer the falling workpiece, reducing damage to the collection box and the workpiece.

[0007] Preferably, the inner wall of the worktable is provided with a swing unloading device, which includes a fixed rod. A rotating plate is rotatably connected to the surface of the fixed rod via a torsion spring. A striking rod is fixedly connected to the top of the rotating plate. A transmission rod is fixedly connected to the side of the collection box near the worktable. A transmission plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the worktable. Each time a new workpiece is clamped, the insertion of the new workpiece pushes the previous workpiece to move, causing it to fall onto the transmission plate and slide into the collection box for collection. Meanwhile, the limiting plate is also pulled by a return spring without the limitation of a hydraulic cylinder. The inclined surface on the collection box pushes the limiting plate upward; both ends of the fixed rod are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the worktable, and the end of the transmission rod away from the collection box contacts the surface of the rotating plate. When the collection box moves, it will drive the transmission rod to move, and the transmission rod will move and push the rotating plate to rotate. The rotating plate rotates on the fixed rod, causing the rotating plate to drive the striking rod to rotate. The rotating striking rod will hit the transmission plate, causing the transmission plate to vibrate. The vibration can promote the sliding of the workpiece on its surface and prevent the workpiece from staying on the surface of the transmission plate due to friction, thus preventing the workpiece from sliding down and being collected.

[0008] Preferably, the inner wall of the clamping plate is provided with a rotating cleaning device, which includes a push plate. A rotating rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the push plate, and a transmission gear is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the rotating rod. A rack is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the worktable. Before changing the workpiece, the crank needs to be rotated in the reverse direction to cause the bidirectional screw to drive the two clamping plates to separate. When the clamping plates separate, the rotating rod under the push plate will move together. The rotating rod will drive the transmission gear below to move, and the transmission gear will contact the meshing rack and engage in transmission, thereby causing the transmission gear to rotate. The top of the push plate is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the clamping plate. The surface of the transmission gear meshes with the right side of the rack. The transmission gear drives the push plate to rotate via the rotating rod and moves the debris generated during shearing on the worktable, causing the debris to fall onto the transmission plate and be discharged. This can clean the surface of the worktable and prevent the presence of debris from affecting the clamping effect of the workpiece, causing the workpiece to shift during clamping. The rack has no teeth in the middle, so after the transmission gear drives the push plate into the clamping plate, it will not continue to mesh with the teeth on the rack, preventing jamming.

[0009] The present invention, by adopting the above technical solution, can bring the following beneficial effects:

[0010] 1. This support and fixing device for shearing experiments on metal composite plates involves placing the workpiece between a limiting plate and a worktable, with the shearing section exposed outside the worktable. Rotating the crank causes a double-acting screw to rotate, which in turn causes two limiting plates to converge. The converged plates then move a moving rod, which in turn moves a clamping plate, clamping the workpiece. When the hydraulic cylinder is activated and moves the moving plate downwards, it moves the shearing plate downwards, simultaneously moving the telescopic rod downwards. The telescopic rod moves the pressure plate downwards, which then presses against the limiting plate, pushing it down and firmly pressing the workpiece onto the worktable. This achieves workpiece fixation, even if the workpiece's thickness and width change. After the pressure plate presses against the limiting plate and firmly holds the workpiece, the moving plate continues to move downwards, causing the telescopic rod to contract and compress its surface spring. This downward movement of the moving plate then moves the shearing plate downwards, performing a shearing experiment on the workpiece.

[0011] 2. This support and fixing device for shearing experiments on metal composite plates allows the workpiece to fall into a collection box after shearing, facilitating subsequent recovery. As the workpiece thickness increases, the limiting plate is positioned closer to the top. With the limiting plate near the top, the collection box is no longer blocked by the inclined surface below the limiting plate, allowing it to retract into the worktable under the pull of the return spring. This reduces the area of ​​the collection box extending outwards. Thicker workpieces result in heavier sheet metal, and the retraction of the collection box reduces the lever arm length, minimizing the force on the workpiece falling into the box. This prevents the collection box from extending too far, which could lead to excessive lever arm and stress, potentially causing breakage. The elastic plate on the inner wall of the collection box cushions the falling workpiece, reducing damage to both the collection box and the workpiece.

[0012] 3. The support and fixing device used for shearing experiments of metal composite plates, when a new workpiece is clamped, the insertion of the new workpiece will push the previous workpiece to move, so that the workpiece moves and falls onto the transmission plate and slides into the collection box for collection. The limiting plate will also be pushed up by the inclined surface on the collection box pulled by the return spring without the limitation of the hydraulic cylinder. At the same time, the movement of the collection box will drive the transmission rod to move, and the transmission rod will move and push the rotating plate to rotate. The rotating plate rotates on the fixed rod, so that the rotating plate drives the striking rod to rotate. The rotating striking rod will hit the transmission plate, causing the transmission plate to vibrate. The vibration can promote the sliding of the workpiece on its surface and prevent the workpiece from staying on the surface of the transmission plate due to friction, thus preventing the workpiece from falling and being collected.

[0013] 4. This support and fixing device for shearing experiments on metal composite plates requires the crank to be rotated in the opposite direction before changing the workpiece. This causes the bidirectional screw to separate the two clamping plates. When the clamping plates separate, the rotating rod under the push plate moves together. The rotating rod drives the transmission gear below to move, and the transmission gear contacts and meshes with the rack, causing the transmission gear to rotate. The transmission gear then drives the push plate to rotate through the rotating rod and pushes the debris generated during shearing on the worktable, causing the debris to fall onto the transmission plate and be discharged. This cleans the surface of the worktable and prevents the presence of debris from affecting the clamping effect of the workpiece, causing the workpiece to shift during clamping. The rack has no teeth in the middle, so after the transmission gear drives the push plate into the clamping plate, it will not continue to mesh with the teeth on the rack, preventing jamming. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a half-sectional view of the limiting plate structure of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a half-sectional view of the workbench structure of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 4 This is a half-sectional view of the collection box structure of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 5 This is a half-sectional view of the multi-directional structure of the workbench of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the pusher plate structure of the present invention.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Workbench; 2. Support plate; 3. Protective collection device; 31. Collection box; 32. Return spring; 33. Elastic plate; 4. Swinging unloading device; 41. Fixed rod; 42. Rotating plate; 43. Striking rod; 44. Transmission rod; 45. Transmission plate; 5. Rotating cleaning device; 51. Push plate; 52. Rotating rod; 53. Transmission gear; 54. Rack; 6. Hydraulic cylinder; 7. Moving plate; 8. Shearing plate; 9. Telescopic rod; 10. Pressure plate; 11. Limiting plate; 12. Limiting groove; 13. Moving rod; 14. Clamping plate; 15. Fixed plate; 16. Double-acting screw; 17. Crank. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Example

[0023] A support and fixing device for shearing experiments on metal composite plates, such as Figures 1-6As shown, the system includes a workbench 1, a support plate 2 fixedly connected to the top of the workbench 1, a hydraulic cylinder 6 fixedly connected to the top of the support plate 2, a movable plate 7 fixedly connected to the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 6, a shearing plate 8 and a telescopic rod 9 fixedly connected to the bottom of the movable plate 7, a pressure plate 10 fixedly connected to the end of the telescopic rod 9 away from the movable plate 7, a limit plate 11 slidably connected to the inner wall of the top of the workbench 1, two limit grooves 12 formed on the surface of the limit plate 11, and two movable rods 13 movably connected to the inner walls of the two limit grooves 12 respectively. One end of the moving rod 13 is fixedly connected to a clamping plate 14, and the other end of the moving rod 13 is fixedly connected to a fixing plate 15. A double-acting screw 16 is threaded onto the inner wall of the fixing plate 15, and a crank 17 is fixedly connected to the front end of the double-acting screw 16. The workpiece is placed between the limiting plate 11 and the worktable 1, with the shearing section exposed outside the worktable 1. Rotating the crank 17 causes the double-acting screw 16 to rotate, which in turn causes the two limiting fixing plates 15 to converge. A spring is fitted onto the surface of the telescopic rod 9, and the spring... Both ends are in contact with the bottom of the moving plate 7 and the top of the pressure plate 10, respectively. The bottom of the pressure plate 10 is in contact with the top of the limiting plate 11. The bottoms of the clamping plate 14 and the moving rod 13 are in contact with the top of the worktable 1. The converging fixed plate 15 will drive the moving rod 13 to converge, and the moving rod 13 will drive the clamping plate 14 to move. At this time, the clamping plate 14 will clamp the workpiece. Then, when the hydraulic cylinder 6 is started and drives the moving plate 7 to move down, the moving plate 7 will drive the shearing plate 8 to move down. At the same time, the moving plate 7 will also drive the telescopic rod 9 to move down. The telescopic rod 9 will... The pressure plate 10 moves downward and presses against the limiting plate 11, pushing the limiting plate 11 downward and pressing the workpiece tightly onto the worktable 1, thus fixing the workpiece. Even if the thickness and width of the workpiece change, the device can still fix the workpiece tightly onto the worktable 1. After the pressure plate 10 presses against the limiting plate 11 and firmly presses the workpiece, the moving plate 7 continues to move downward, which will cause the telescopic rod 9 to retract and compress the spring on its surface. At this time, the downward movement of the moving plate 7 will cause the shearing plate 8 to move downward and perform a shearing experiment on the workpiece.

[0024] Preferably, the inner wall of the workbench 1 is provided with a protective collection device 3, which includes a collection box 31. Two return springs 32 are fixedly connected to the right side of the collection box 31, and an elastic plate 33 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the collection box 31. When the workpiece is sheared and broken, the broken workpiece will fall into the collection box 31 for easy subsequent recycling. The thicker the workpiece, the closer the position of the limiting plate 11 is to the top. At this time, the limiting plate 11 is closer to the top, and the collection box 31 below is no longer blocked by the inclined surface under the limiting plate 11. This allows the collection box 31 to retract into the workbench 1 under the pull of the return springs 32, thus reducing the area of ​​the collection box 31 extending outward. The collection box 31 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the worktable 1. The top of the collection box 31 is in contact with the bottom of the limiting plate 11. The end of the return spring 32 away from the collection box 31 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the worktable 1. The thicker the workpiece, the greater the weight of the sheet material cut off. When the collection box 31 retracts into the worktable 1, the length of the lever arm can be reduced, so that the force on the workpiece falling into the collection box 31 is smaller. This prevents the collection box 31 from extending too far, causing a heavy workpiece to fall into the collection box 31, resulting in an excessive lever arm and excessive force on the collection box 31, which could lead to breakage. The elastic plate 33 on the inner wall of the collection box 31 can buffer the falling workpiece and reduce damage to the collection box 31 and the workpiece.

[0025] Preferably, the inner wall of the workbench 1 is provided with a swing unloading device 4. The swing unloading device 4 includes a fixed rod 41, and a rotating plate 42 is rotatably connected to the surface of the fixed rod 41 via a torsion spring. A striking rod 43 is fixedly connected to the top of the rotating plate 42. A transmission rod 44 is fixedly connected to the side of the collection box 31 near the workbench 1, and a transmission plate 45 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the workbench 1. Each time a new workpiece is clamped, the insertion of the new workpiece will push the previous workpiece to move, causing the workpiece to move and fall onto the transmission plate 45 and slide into the collection box 31 for collection. The limiting plate 11 will also be pulled by the return spring 32 onto the collection box 31 without the limiting of the hydraulic cylinder 6. The inclined plane pushes the limiting plate 11 upward; the two ends of the fixed rod 41 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the worktable 1, and the end of the transmission rod 44 away from the collection box 31 is in contact with the surface of the rotating plate 42. When the collection box 31 moves, it will drive the transmission rod 44 to move. The transmission rod 44 will move and push the rotating plate 42 to rotate. The rotating plate 42 rotates on the fixed rod 41, which causes the rotating plate 42 to drive the striking rod 43 to rotate. The rotating striking rod 43 will hit the transmission plate 45, causing the transmission plate 45 to vibrate. The vibration can promote the sliding of the workpiece on its surface and prevent the workpiece from staying on the surface of the transmission plate 45 due to friction, thus preventing the workpiece from sliding down and being collected.

[0026] Preferably, the inner wall of the clamping plate 14 is provided with a rotating cleaning device 5. The rotating cleaning device 5 includes a push plate 51, a rotating rod 52 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the push plate 51, and a transmission gear 53 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the rotating rod 52. A rack 54 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the worktable 1. Before changing the workpiece, the crank 17 needs to be rotated in the reverse direction to cause the bidirectional screw 16 to drive the two clamping plates 14 to separate. When the clamping plates 14 separate, the rotating rod 52 under the push plate 51 will move together. The rotating rod 52 will drive the transmission gear 53 below to move. The transmission gear 53 will contact the meshing rack 54 and mesh with it, thereby causing the transmission gear 53 to rotate. The top of the push plate 51 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the clamping plate 14. The surface of the transmission gear 53 meshes with the right side of the rack 54. The transmission gear 53 drives the push plate 51 to rotate through the rotating rod 52 and pushes the debris generated during shearing on the worktable 1 to move, so that the debris falls onto the transmission plate 45 and is discharged. This can clean the surface of the worktable 1 and prevent the presence of debris from affecting the clamping effect of the workpiece, causing the workpiece to shift during clamping. The rack 54 has no teeth in the middle, so after the transmission gear 53 drives the push plate 51 to rotate into the clamping plate 14, the transmission gear 53 will not continue to mesh with the teeth on the rack 54, preventing jamming.

[0027] Working principle: The workpiece is placed between the limiting plate 11 and the worktable 1, with the shearing section exposed outside the worktable 1. Rotating the crank 17 causes the double-acting screw 16 to rotate. The rotation of the double-acting screw 16 causes the two limiting fixed plates 15 to converge. The converged fixed plates 15 then cause the moving rod 13 to converge, which in turn moves the clamping plate 14, clamping the workpiece. Then, when the hydraulic cylinder 6 starts and moves the moving plate 7 downwards, the moving plate 7 moves the shearing plate 8 downwards, and simultaneously, the moving plate 7 also moves the telescopic rod 9. As the telescopic rod 9 moves downward, it will cause the pressure plate 10 to move downward. The pressure plate 10 will move downward and press on the limiting plate 11, pushing the limiting plate 11 downward and pressing the workpiece tightly on the worktable 1, thereby fixing the workpiece. Even if the thickness and width of the workpiece change, the device can still fix the workpiece tightly on the worktable 1. After the pressure plate 10 presses on the limiting plate 11 and presses the workpiece tightly, the moving plate 7 continues to move downward, which will cause the telescopic rod 9 to retract and compress the spring on its surface. At this time, the moving plate 7 moves downward, which will cause the shearing plate 8 to move downward and perform a shearing experiment on the workpiece.

[0028] After the workpiece is sheared and broken, the broken workpiece will fall into the collection box 31 for easy subsequent recycling. The thicker the workpiece, the closer the position of the limiting plate 11 is to the top. At this time, the limiting plate 11 is closer to the top, and the collection box 31 below is no longer blocked by the inclined surface under the limiting plate 11. Under the pull of the return spring 32, the collection box 31 retracts into the worktable 1, which reduces the area of ​​the collection box 31 extending outward. The thicker the workpiece, the greater the weight of the sheet material sheared. When the collection box 31 retracts into the worktable 1, the length of the lever arm can be reduced, so that the force on the workpiece falling into the collection box 31 is smaller. This prevents the collection box 31 from extending too far, causing a heavy workpiece to fall into the collection box 31, resulting in an excessive lever arm and excessive force on the collection box 31, which may lead to breakage. The elastic plate 33 on the inner wall of the collection box 31 can buffer the falling workpiece and reduce damage to the collection box 31 and the workpiece.

[0029] Each time a new workpiece is clamped, the insertion of the new workpiece will push the previous workpiece to move, causing the workpiece to fall onto the transmission plate 45 and slide into the collection box 31 for collection. The limiting plate 11 will also be pushed upward by the inclined surface on the collection box 31 pulled by the return spring 32 without the limiting of the hydraulic cylinder 6. As the collection box 31 moves, it will drive the transmission rod 44 to move. The transmission rod 44 will move and push the rotating plate 42 to rotate. The rotating plate 42 rotates on the fixed rod 41, causing the rotating plate 42 to drive the striking rod 43 to rotate. The rotating striking rod 43 will hit the transmission plate 45, causing the transmission plate 45 to vibrate. The vibration can promote the sliding of the workpiece on its surface and prevent the workpiece from staying on the surface of the transmission plate 45 due to friction, thus preventing the workpiece from sliding down and being collected.

[0030] Before changing the workpiece, the crank 17 needs to be rotated in the reverse direction to cause the bidirectional screw 16 to separate the two clamping plates 14. When the clamping plates 14 separate, they will cause the rotating rod 52 under the push plate 51 to move together. The rotating rod 52 will drive the transmission gear 53 below to move. The transmission gear 53 will contact the meshing rack 54 and engage in transmission, thereby causing the transmission gear 53 to rotate. The transmission gear 53 will drive the push plate 51 to rotate through the rotating rod 52 and push the debris generated during shearing on the worktable 1 to move, so that the debris falls onto the transmission plate 45 and is discharged. This can clean the surface of the worktable 1 and prevent the presence of debris from affecting the clamping effect of the workpiece, causing the workpiece to deviate during clamping. Since the rack 54 has no teeth in the middle, after the transmission gear 53 drives the push plate 51 to rotate into the clamping plate 14, the transmission gear 53 will not continue to mesh with the teeth on the rack 54, preventing jamming.

[0031] This invention provides a support and fixing device for shearing experiments on metal composite plates. Many methods and approaches exist for implementing this technical solution; the above description is merely a preferred embodiment. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of this invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of this invention. All components not explicitly stated in this embodiment can be implemented using existing technologies.

Claims

1. A support and fixing device for shearing experiments on metal composite plates, comprising a worktable (1), characterized in that: A support plate (2) is fixedly connected to the top of the workbench (1). A hydraulic cylinder (6) is fixedly connected to the top of the support plate (2). A moving plate (7) is fixedly connected to the output end of the hydraulic cylinder (6). A shearing plate (8) and a telescopic rod (9) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the moving plate (7). A pressure plate (10) is fixedly connected to the end of the telescopic rod (9) away from the moving plate (7). A limit plate (11) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the top of the workbench (1). Two limit grooves (12) are opened on the surface of the limit plate (11). Two moving rods (13) are movably connected to the inner walls of the two limit grooves (12). A clamping plate (14) is fixedly connected to one end of the moving rod (13). A fixing plate (15) is fixedly connected to the other end of the moving rod (13). A double-acting screw (16) is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the fixing plate (15). A crank (17) is fixedly connected to the front end of the double-acting screw (16). The inner wall of the workbench (1) is provided with a protective collection device (3), which includes a collection box (31). Two return springs (32) are fixedly connected to the right side of the collection box (31), and an elastic plate (33) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the collection box (31). The surface of the collection box (31) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the workbench (1), the top of the collection box (31) is in contact with the bottom of the limiting plate (11), and the end of the reset spring (32) away from the collection box (31) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the workbench (1).

2. The support and fixing device for shearing experiments of metal composite plates according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the telescopic rod (9) is fitted with a spring, and the two ends of the spring are in contact with the bottom of the moving plate (7) and the top of the pressure plate (10) respectively. The bottom of the pressure plate (10) is in contact with the top of the limiting plate (11), and the bottoms of the clamping plate (14) and the moving rod (13) are in contact with the top of the workbench (1).

3. The support and fixing device for shearing experiments of metal composite plates according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner wall of the workbench (1) is provided with a swing unloading device (4). The swing unloading device (4) includes a fixed rod (41). The surface of the fixed rod (41) is rotatably connected to a rotating plate (42) by a torsion spring. A striking rod (43) is fixedly connected to the top of the rotating plate (42). A transmission rod (44) is fixedly connected to the side of the collection box (31) near the workbench (1). A transmission plate (45) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the workbench (1).

4. The support and fixing device for shearing experiments of metal composite plate equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The two ends of the fixed rod (41) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the workbench (1), and the end of the transmission rod (44) away from the collection box (31) is in contact with the surface of the rotating plate (42).

5. The support and fixing device for shearing experiments of metal composite plates according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner wall of the clamp (14) is provided with a rotating cleaning device (5), which includes a push plate (51), a rotating rod (52) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the push plate (51), a transmission gear (53) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the rotating rod (52), and a rack (54) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the workbench (1).

6. The support and fixing device for shearing experiments of metal composite plate equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The top of the push plate (51) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the clamping plate (14), and the surface of the transmission gear (53) meshes with the right side of the rack (54).

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