Doppler shift estimation report with pre-compensation

Abstract

A first cellular base station (102) transmits a configuration message to a reporting device installed on a high speed vehicle. The configuration message specifies one or more parameters of a Doppler measurement report. The reporting device performs one or more first Doppler measurements on the first base station (102) and / or one or more second Doppler measurements on a second base station (102). The reporting device transmits the Doppler measurement report to the first base station and / or the second base station (102). The first base station and / or the second base station (102) can use the Doppler measurement report to perform Doppler pre-compensation on transmissions to the reporting device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to wireless communication, and more specifically to systems, apparatus and methods for providing Doppler frequency shift information in cellular communication systems.

[0002] Related technical descriptions

[0003] The use of wireless communication systems is growing rapidly. In recent years, wireless devices such as smartphones and tablets have become increasingly sophisticated. In addition to supporting phone calls, many mobile devices (i.e., user equipment or UE) now offer access to the internet, email, text messaging, and navigation using the Global Positioning System (GPS), and are capable of operating complex applications that utilize these capabilities. Furthermore, many different wireless communication technologies and standards exist. Some examples of wireless communication standards include GSM, UMTS (e.g., associated with WCDMA or TD-SCDMA air interfaces), LTE, LTE-A (LTE-Advanced), NR, HSPA, 3GPP2 CDMA2000 (e.g., 1xRTT, 1xEV-DO, HRPD, eHRPD), IEEE 802.11 (WLAN or Wi-Fi), and BLUETOOTH. TM wait.

[0004] In high-mobility scenarios such as cellular communication on high-speed trains (HSTs), effectively performing cellular communication can be complicated by Doppler shift. In some deployments, the network can pre-compensate for the Doppler shift experienced by a rapidly moving UE. However, the network may not know the extent of the Doppler shift to be pre-compensated. Therefore, improvements are expected in this area. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This document provides embodiments of apparatus, systems, and methods for a reporting device to transmit Doppler measurement reports to a cellular base station. In some embodiments, the reporting device may be a cellular transceiver mounted on a high-speed vehicle, and the cellular base station may be a 5G NR gNB.

[0006] In some implementations, the reporting device receives a configuration message from a first base station specifying one or more parameters for the Doppler measurement report.

[0007] In some implementations, the reporting device performs one or more first Doppler measurements at a first base station and / or one or more second Doppler measurements at a second base station. The Doppler measurements measure the Doppler frequency shift experienced during transmission between the reporting device and the base station.

[0008] In some implementations, the reporting device transmits Doppler measurement reports to a first base station and / or a second base station, wherein the Doppler measurement reports are based on one or more first Doppler measurements and one or more parameters. The Doppler measurement reports may specify the difference in Doppler frequency shift between the first base station and the second base station. The first base station and / or the second base station may use the Doppler measurement reports to perform Doppler pre-compensation on the transmissions to the reporting device.

[0009] It should be noted that the technologies described herein can be implemented in and / or used in several different types of devices, including but not limited to base stations, access points, cellular phones, portable media players, tablets, wearable devices, and various other computing devices.

[0010] The present invention is intended to provide a brief overview of some of the subjects described in this document. Therefore, it should be understood that the above features are merely illustrative and should not be construed as narrowing the scope or substance of the subjects described herein in any way. Other features, aspects, and advantages of the subjects described herein will become apparent from the following detailed description, drawings, and claims. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 Exemplary (and simplified) wireless communication systems according to some implementation schemes are shown;

[0012] Figure 2 An exemplary base station communicating with an exemplary wireless user equipment (UE) device according to some embodiments is shown;

[0013] Figure 3 This is an exemplary block diagram of a UE according to some implementation schemes;

[0014] Figure 4 This is an exemplary block diagram of a base station according to some implementation schemes;

[0015] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a high-speed train moving between two base stations according to some implementation schemes, where the base stations perform pre-compensation to remove Doppler shift;

[0016] Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating a method, according to some embodiments, for a reporting device to provide a Doppler measurement report to one or more base stations in response to receiving a configuration message;

[0017] Figure 7 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for a reporting device to autonomously provide Doppler measurement reports to one or more base stations, according to some implementation schemes;

[0018] Figure 8 Exemplary message formats for CSI Reporting Information Elements (IEs) are shown according to some implementation schemes;

[0019] Figure 9 An exemplary message format for the CSI-AssociatedReportConfigInfo IE is shown according to some implementation schemes;

[0020] Figure 10 An exemplary message format for the reportQuantity IE is shown according to some implementation schemes; and

[0021] Figure 11A and Figure 11B This is a table showing the low-latency and high-latency requirements for Channel State Information (CSI) reporting according to some implementation schemes.

[0022] While the features described herein are susceptible to various modifications and alternatives, specific embodiments thereof are illustrated by way of example in the accompanying drawings and described in detail herein. However, it should be understood that the drawings and their detailed description are not intended to limit this document to the specific forms disclosed, but rather are intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the substance and scope of the subject matter as defined by the appended claims. Detailed Implementation

[0023] acronym

[0024] Various acronyms are used throughout this disclosure. The definitions of the most prominent acronyms that may appear throughout this disclosure are as follows:

[0025] UE: User Equipment

[0026] RF: Radio Frequency

[0027] ·BS: Base Station

[0028] GSM: Global System for Mobile Communications

[0029] UMTS: Universal Mobile Telecommunications System

[0030] LTE: Long Term Evolution

[0031] NR: New Radio

[0032] TX: Transmission

[0033] RX: Receiver

[0034] MIMO: Multiple Input Multiple Output

[0035] • RAT: Radio Access Technology

[0036] • TRS: Tracking Reference Signal

[0037] the term

[0038] The following is a glossary of terms that will appear in this disclosure:

[0039] Memory media—any device of any type of nontransitory memory device or storage device. The term "memory media" is intended to include mounting media such as CD-ROMs, floppy disks, or magnetic tape devices; computer system memory or random access memory such as DRAM, DDR RAM, SRAM, EDO RAM, Rambus RAM, etc.; non-volatile memory such as flash memory, magnetic media, e.g., hard disk drives or optical storage devices; registers or other similar types of memory elements, etc. Memory media may also include other types of nontransitory memory or combinations thereof. Furthermore, memory media may reside in a first computer system executing a program, or may reside in a different second computer system connected to the first computer system via a network such as the Internet. In a later example, the second computer system may provide program instructions to the first computer system for execution. The term "memory media" may include two or more memory media that may reside in different locations on different computer systems connected via a network, for example. Memory media may store program instructions (e.g., representing a computer program) that can be executed by one or more processors.

[0040] Carrier medium—the memory medium as described above, and physical transmission medium, such as buses, networks and / or other physical transmission media for transmitting signals (such as electrical signals, electromagnetic signals or digital signals).

[0041] Computer system (or computer) — any of the various types of computing or processing systems, including personal computer systems (PCs), mainframe computer systems, workstations, network appliances, internet-connected appliances, personal digital assistants (PDAs), television systems, grid computing systems, or other devices or combinations thereof. Generally, the term "computer system" can be broadly defined as any device (or combination of devices) that includes at least one processor that executes instructions from a memory medium.

[0042] User equipment (UE) (or “UE device”) — any of various types of computer systems or devices that are mobile or portable and perform wireless communication. Examples of UE devices include mobile phones or smartphones (e.g., iPhone). TM Based on Android TM Phones), tablets (e.g., iPads) TMSamsung Galaxy TM ), portable gaming devices (e.g., Nintendo DS) TM PlayStation Portable TM Gameboy Advance TM iPhone TM Wearable devices (e.g., smartwatches, smart glasses), laptops, PDAs, portable internet devices, music players, data storage devices, or other handheld devices. Generally, the term "UE" or "UE device" can be broadly defined as any electronic device, computing device, and / or telecommunications device (or combination of devices) that is easily transportable by the user and capable of wireless communication.

[0043] A wireless device is any of various types of computer systems or devices that perform wireless communication. A wireless device can be portable (or mobile), or it can be stationary or fixed in a location. A UE is an example of a wireless device.

[0044] A communication device is any of various types of computer systems or devices that perform communication, which may be wired or wireless. A communication device may be portable (or mobile), or it may be stationary or fixed in a location. A wireless device is one example of a communication device. A UE is another example of a communication device.

[0045] Base station (BS) – The term “base station” has the full range of its usual meaning and includes at least a wireless communication station that is installed in a fixed location and used for communication as part of a wireless telephone system or radio system.

[0046] A processing element (or processor) is a component or combination of components capable of performing the functions of a device (such as a user equipment device or a cellular network device). A processing element may include, for example: a processor and associated memory, portions or circuitry of individual processor cores, an entire processor core, a processor array, circuitry such as an ASIC (Application-Specific Integrated Circuit), programmable hardware components such as a Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), and any combination thereof.

[0047] Wi-Fi—The term “Wi-Fi” encompasses the full range of its common meaning and includes at least wireless communication networks, or RATs, which are provided by and through wireless LAN (WLAN) access points to provide connectivity to the Internet. Most modern Wi-Fi networks (or WLAN networks) are based on the IEEE 802.11 standard and are marketed under the name “Wi-Fi.” Wi-Fi (WLAN) networks are distinct from cellular networks.

[0048] Automatic—means an action or operation performed by a computer system (e.g., software executed by the computer system) or device (e.g., circuits, programmable hardware elements, ASICs, etc.) without requiring direct user input to specify or perform that action or operation. Therefore, the term "automatic" contrasts with an action performed or specified manually by a user, where the user provides input to directly perform that action. An automatic process can be initiated by user-provided input, but the subsequent actions performed "automatically" are not specified by the user; that is, they are not performed "manually," where the user specifies each action to be performed. For example, a user filling out a form by selecting each field and providing input to specify information (e.g., by typing information, selecting a checkbox, radio selection, etc.) is considered manually filling out the form, even though the computer system must update the form in response to the user's actions. The form can be automatically filled out by a computer system (e.g., software executed on the computer system) which analyzes the fields of the form and fills it out without any user input specifying answers for the fields. As indicated above, the user can invoke the automatic filling of the form but does not participate in the actual filling of the form (e.g., the user does not manually specify answers for the fields, but they are completed automatically). This manual provides various examples of operations that are automatically performed in response to actions taken by the user.

[0049] "Configured as"—Various components can be described as being "configured as" to perform one or more tasks. In such contexts, "configured as" is a broad expression generally meaning "having" a "structure" that performs one or more tasks during operation. Thus, a component can be configured to perform a task even when it is not currently performing one (e.g., a set of electrical conductors can be configured to electrically connect one module to another, even when the two modules are not connected). In some contexts, "configured as" can also be a broad expression generally meaning a structure that "has" a "circuit" that performs one or more tasks during operation. Thus, a component can be configured to perform a task even when it is not currently powered on. Typically, the circuit forming the structure corresponding to "configured as" can include hardware circuitry.

[0050] For ease of description, various components may be described as performing one or more tasks. Such descriptions shall be interpreted as including the phrase “configured to”. The statement that a component is configured to perform one or more tasks is expressly intended not to invoke the interpretation of paragraph 6 of section 112 of title 35 of the United States Code.

[0051] Figure 1 and Figure 2 -Exemplary communication system

[0052] Figure 1 Exemplary (and simplified) wireless communication systems that can implement various aspects of this disclosure according to some embodiments are shown. It should be noted that... Figure 1The system described is merely one example of a possible system, and this implementation can be carried out in any of a variety of systems as needed.

[0053] As shown in the figure, this exemplary wireless communication system includes a base station 102 that communicates with one or more (e.g., any number) user equipments 106A, 106B, etc., up to 106N, via a transmission medium. Each user equipment may be referred to herein as a "user equipment" (UE) or UE device. Therefore, user equipment 106 is referred to as a UE or UE device.

[0054] Base station 102 may be a transceiver base station (BTS) or a cell site, and may include hardware and / or software for implementing wireless communication with UEs 106A to 106N. If base station 102 is implemented in an LTE environment, it may be referred to as an "eNodeB" or "eNB". If base station 102 is implemented in a 5G NR environment, it may alternatively be referred to as a "gNodeB" or "gNB". Base station 102 may also be equipped to communicate with network 100 (e.g., the core network of a cellular service provider, telecommunications networks such as the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN), and / or the Internet, and various other possible networks). Therefore, base station 102 facilitates communication between user equipments and / or between user equipments and network 100. The communication area (or coverage area) of a base station may be referred to as a "cell". Also as used herein, with respect to a UE, a base station may sometimes be considered to represent the network, taking into account both uplink and downlink communication of the UE. Therefore, a UE communicating with one or more base stations in the network may also be understood as a UE communicating with the network.

[0055] Base station 102 and user equipment can be configured to communicate via a transmission medium using any of a variety of radio access technologies (RATs), also known as wireless communication technologies or telecommunications standards, such as GSM, UMTS (WCDMA), LTE, LTE-A Advanced, LAA / LTE-U, 5G NR, 3GPP2, CDMA2000 (e.g., 1xRTT, 1xEV-DO, HRPD, eHRPD), Wi-Fi, etc.

[0056] Base station 102 and other similar base stations operating according to the same or different cellular communication standards may thus provide, as one or more cell networks, continuous or near-continuous overlapping services to UE 106 and similar devices over a geographic area via one or more cellular communication standards.

[0057] It should be noted that UE 106 can communicate using multiple wireless communication standards. For example, UE 106 can be configured to communicate using either or both of the 3GPP cellular communication standards or the 3GPP2 cellular communication standards. In some implementations, UE 106 can be configured to perform packet MIMO communication using various methods described herein. UE 106 can also be configured, or alternatively configured, to use WLAN, BLUETOOTH, etc. TM It can communicate with one or more Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS, such as GPS or GLONASS), one and / or more mobile television broadcasting standards (e.g., ATSC-M / H), etc. Other combinations of wireless communication standards (including more than two wireless communication standards) are also possible.

[0058] Figure 2 Exemplary user equipment 106 (e.g., one of devices 106A to 106N) communicating with base station 102 according to some embodiments is illustrated. UE 106 may be a device with wireless network connectivity, such as a mobile phone, handheld device, wearable device, computer, or tablet, or substantially any type of wireless device. UE 106 may include a processor (processing element) configured to execute program instructions stored in memory. UE 106 can perform any of the method embodiments of the present invention by executing such stored instructions. Alternatively or additionally, UE 106 may include programmable hardware elements, such as any of an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), integrated circuit, and / or various other possible hardware components configured to perform (e.g., individually or in combination) any of or any portion of any of the method embodiments described herein. UE 106 may be configured to communicate using any of a plurality of wireless communication protocols. For example, UE 106 may be configured to communicate using two or more of CDMA2000, LTE, LTE-A, 5G NR, WLAN, or GNSS. Other combinations of wireless communication standards are also possible.

[0059] UE 106 may include one or more antennas communicating using one or more wireless communication protocols according to one or more RAT standards. In some embodiments, UE 106 may share one or more portions of the receive chain and / or transmit chain among multiple wireless communication standards. The shared radio components may include a single antenna, or may include multiple antennas for performing wireless communication (e.g., for MIMO). Typically, the radio components may include any combination of baseband processors, analog radio frequency (RF) signal processing circuitry (e.g., including filters, mixers, oscillators, amplifiers, etc.), or digital processing circuitry (e.g., for digital modulation and other digital processing). Similarly, the radio components may use the aforementioned hardware to implement one or more receive chains and transmit chains.

[0060] In some implementations, UE 106 may include separate transmit and / or receive chains (e.g., including separate antennas and other radio components) for each wireless communication protocol configured to communicate therewith. As another possibility, UE 106 may include one or more radio components shared among multiple wireless communication protocols, as well as one or more radio components uniquely used by a single wireless communication protocol. For example, UE 106 may include shared radio components for communication using either LTE or CDMA2000 1xRTT (or LTE or NR, or LTE or GSM), and for communication using Wi-Fi and BLUETOOTH. TM Each component communicates independently. Other configurations are also possible.

[0061] In a cellular communication system, wireless devices can be served by a cellular base station based on a cellular link, such as a cellular link established according to LTE, LTE-A, or 5G NR. For example, a wireless device can establish a session with an AMF entity of the cellular network through a gNB that provides radio access to the cellular network. Alternatively or additionally, according to various implementations, the cellular network can operate according to another cellular communication technology (e.g., LTE, UMTS, CDMA2000, GSM, etc.).

[0062] Establishing a wireless link may include, at least according to some implementations, establishing an RRC connection with the serving cellular base station. Establishing an RRC connection may include configuring various parameters for communication between the wireless device and the cellular base station, establishing environmental information for the wireless device, and / or any of various other possible characteristics, such as establishing an air interface for the wireless device to communicate with a cellular network associated with the cellular base station. After establishing the RRC connection, the wireless device can operate in an RRC-connected state, whereby the cellular base station can perform downlink data communication with the wireless device, as well as other possible types of communication.

[0063] Figure 3 – Block diagram of an exemplary UE device

[0064] Figure 3 A block diagram of an exemplary UE 106 according to some embodiments is shown. As shown, UE 106 may include a System-on-Chip (SOC) 300, which may include portions for various purposes. For example, as shown, SOC 300 may include a processor 302 capable of executing program instructions for UE 106, and display circuitry 304 capable of performing graphics processing and providing display signals to a display 360. Processor 302 may also be coupled to a memory management unit (MMU) 340, which may be configured to receive addresses from processor 302 and translate those addresses into locations in memory (e.g., memory 306, read-only memory (ROM) 350, NAND flash memory 310) and / or other circuitry or devices, such as display circuitry 304, radio components 330, connector I / F 320, and / or display 360. MMU 340 may be configured to perform memory protection and page table translation or setup. In some embodiments, MMU 340 may be included as part of processor 302.

[0065] As shown in the figure, the SOC 300 can be coupled to various other circuits of the UE 106. For example, the UE 106 may include various types of memory (e.g., including NAND flash memory 310), connector interface 320 (e.g., for coupling to computer systems, docking stations, charging stations, etc.), display 360, and wireless communication circuitry 330 (e.g., for LTE, LTE-A, NR, CDMA2000, BLUETOOTH). TM (e.g., Wi-Fi, GPS, etc.). UE device 106 may include at least one antenna (e.g., 335a) and may include multiple antennas (e.g., shown by antennas 335a and 335b) for performing wireless communication with base stations and / or other devices. Antennas 335a and 335b are shown by way of example, and UE device 106 may include fewer or more antennas. In general, one or more antennas are collectively referred to as antenna 335. For example, UE device 106 may use antenna 335 to perform wireless communication via radio circuitry 330. As described above, in some embodiments, the UE may be configured to use multiple wireless communication standards for wireless communication.

[0066] UE 106 may include hardware and software components for implementing methods of performing packet MIMO communication, as further described herein. The processor 302 of UE device 106 may be configured to implement some or all of the methods described herein, for example by executing program instructions stored on a memory medium (e.g., a non-transitory computer-readable memory medium). In other embodiments, processor 302 may be configured as a programmable hardware element, such as an FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array) or as an ASIC (Application-Specific Integrated Circuit). Furthermore, processor 302 may be coupled to, for example,... Figure 3 Other components shown and / or interoperable with other components are provided to perform packet MIMO communication according to the various embodiments disclosed herein. Processor 302 may also implement various other applications and / or end-user applications running on UE 106.

[0067] In some implementations, radio component 330 may include a separate controller dedicated to controlling communications for various corresponding RAT standards. For example, such as Figure 3 As shown, the radio component 330 may include a Wi-Fi controller 352, a cellular controller (e.g., for LTE, LTE-A, NR, etc.) 354, and a BLUETOOTH. TM Controller 356, and in at least some embodiments, one or more of these controllers may be implemented as corresponding integrated circuits (referred to as ICs or chips), which communicate with each other and with the SOC 300 (more specifically with the processor 302). For example, Wi-Fi controller 352 may communicate with cellular controller 354 via a cell-ISM link or WCI interface, and / or BLUETOOTH TM Controller 356 can communicate with cellular controller 354 via a cell-ISM link or the like. Although three separate controllers are shown within radio component 330, other implementations with fewer or more similar controllers for various different RATs can be implemented in UE device 106.

[0068] Furthermore, implementation schemes in which the controller can perform functions associated with various radio access technologies are envisioned. For example, according to some implementation schemes, in addition to hardware and / or software components for performing cellular communications, the cellular controller 354 may also include hardware and / or software components for performing one or more activities associated with Wi-Fi, such as Wi-Fi preamble detection, and / or the generation and transmission of Wi-Fi physical layer preamble signals.

[0069] In some implementations, UE 106 may be configured within (e.g., as part of) high-speed transportation vehicles such as high-speed trains, airplanes, ships, or other types of vehicles to provide cellular access to other devices and / or systems within the vehicle.

[0070] Figure 4 - Block diagram of an exemplary base station

[0071] Figure 4 A block diagram of an exemplary base station 102 according to some implementation schemes is shown. It should be noted that... Figure 4 The base station shown is merely one example of a possible base station. As illustrated, base station 102 may include a processor 404 capable of executing program instructions specific to base station 102. Processor 404 may also be coupled to a memory management unit (MMU) 440 or other circuitry or device, which may be configured to receive addresses from processor 404 and translate those addresses into locations in memory (e.g., memory 460 and read-only memory (ROM) 450).

[0072] Base station 102 may include at least one network port 470. Network port 470 may be configured to be coupled to a telephone network and provide access rights as described above. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The telephone network described herein includes multiple devices such as UE device 106. Network port 470 (or an additional network port) may also be configured, or alternatively configured, to be coupled to a cellular network, such as the core network of a cellular service provider. The core network may provide mobility-related services and / or other services to multiple devices such as UE device 106. In some cases, network port 470 may be coupled to the telephone network via the core network, and / or the core network may provide the telephone network (e.g., in other UE devices served by the cellular service provider).

[0073] Base station 102 may include at least one antenna 434, and may include multiple antennas (e.g., to support packet MIMO communication, as further described herein). One or more antennas 434 may be configured to operate as a radio transceiver and may be further configured to communicate with UE device 106 via radio component 430. Antenna 434 communicates with radio component 430 via communication link 432. Communication link 432 may be a receive link, a transmit link, or both. Radio component 430 may be designed to communicate via various wireless telecommunication standards, including but not limited to NR, LTE, LTE-AWCDMA, CDMA2000, etc. Processor 404 of base station 102 may be configured to implement and / or support the implementation of some or all of the methods described herein, for example by executing program instructions stored on a memory medium (e.g., a non-transitory computer-readable memory medium). Alternatively, processor 404 may be configured as a programmable hardware element such as a FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array), or as an ASIC (Application-Specific Integrated Circuit), or a combination thereof. In the case of certain RATs (e.g., Wi-Fi), base station 102 can be designed as an access point (AP), in which case network port 470 can be implemented to provide access to a wide area network and / or one or more local area networks, for example, it may include at least one Ethernet port, and radio component 430 can be designed to communicate according to the Wi-Fi standard. Base station 102 can operate according to the various methods disclosed herein for performing packet MIMO communication in a cellular communication system.

[0074] High-speed mobility scenarios

[0075] In some implementations, the UE or another type of device can conduct cellular communications in high-speed mobility scenarios such as high-speed trains (e.g., Maglev trains), airplanes, or ships, and other possible scenarios. In these implementations, it may be desirable to correct for the Doppler shift experienced by high-speed UEs communicating with fixed base stations.

[0076] For example, such as Figure 5 As shown, a high-speed train (HST) configured for cellular communication can travel between two base stations and experience a very high positive Doppler shift from one base station and a very high negative Doppler shift from the other. Therefore, the composite channel can change rapidly, approaching or exceeding 2 kHz. This change can degrade channel capability and / or make it difficult for wireless devices to perform accurate channel estimation.

[0077] To address these and other issues, different deployments allow the UE to estimate two separate Doppler shifts, each originating from a BS, to assist in UE channel estimation. Alternatively, the network (NW) can pre-compensate for the Doppler shift, whereby the network applies a shift equal in magnitude but opposite in sign to its transmissions to the UE. To facilitate Doppler shift pre-compensation, the UE can inform the NW of the Doppler shift it is experiencing. The NW can estimate the Doppler shift based on UE uplink (UL transmissions) (e.g., SRS, DMRS, etc.). Alternatively, the NW can estimate the Doppler shift based on explicit reports from the UE. The embodiments described herein propose methods and apparatus for high-mobility UEs to report Doppler shift estimates to the NW using either a) Channel State Information (CSI) - ReportConfig messaging or b) Media Access Control - Control Element (MAC-CE) messaging.

[0078] Figures 6 to 7 –Doppler Measurement Report

[0079] Figures 6 to 7 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for a wireless device to perform Doppler measurement reporting to a cellular base station, according to some implementation schemes. Figures 6 to 7 The aspects of the method can be implemented by wireless devices (such as UE 106 or another type of device shown in and described with respect to the figures herein, and BS 102), or more generally, in combination as needed with any of the computer circuits, systems, devices, elements or components shown in the figures above, and other devices. For example, the processor (and / or other hardware) of such devices can be configured to cause the devices to perform any combination of the shown method elements and / or other method elements. In some embodiments, high-speed vehicles (e.g., high-speed trains, ships, or aircraft) may have cellular transceivers configured to communicate with one or more base stations (e.g., gNBs). The cellular transceivers may be configured to provide cellular access to other devices in the vehicle (i.e., smartphones, tablets, laptops, etc.) via a wireless local area network. Generally, the device performing and reporting Doppler shift measurements may be referred to differently as a “reporting device,” “device,” “wireless device,” or “UE.” In some embodiments, Figures 6 to 7 The method described herein can be performed by a cellular transceiver installed in a vehicle. Alternatively or additionally, a separate UE device within the vehicle may be configured to perform the described method steps. It should be noted that, although... Figure 6 At least some elements of the method are described in a manner relating to the use of communication technologies and / or features associated with LTE, LTE-A, NR, and / or 3GPP specification documents; however, such description is not intended to limit this disclosure and may be used in any suitable wireless communication system as needed. Figures 6 to 7The methods cover all aspects. Figure 6 and Figure 7 The methods described in [the document] are similar in some respects, but the differences lie in [the specific details]. Figure 6 The method for the device to receive configuration information from the base station before performing Doppler measurement reports is described. Figure 7 A method for the device to autonomously generate Doppler measurement reports is described.

[0080] In various implementation schemes, some elements of the method shown may be executed simultaneously in a different order than shown, may be replaced by other method elements, or may be omitted. Additional method elements may also be executed as needed. As shown in the figure, Figure 6 The method can be operated as follows.

[0081] At position 602, a configuration message is received from the first base station. The configuration message specifies one or more parameters for the Doppler measurement report. In some embodiments, the configuration message is a Channel State Information (CSI)-ReportConfig message, and the Doppler measurement report is included in the CSI transmission. One or more parameters may include instructions for the device to perform multiple Doppler measurements on the first base station and report the average of the multiple Doppler measurements. In some embodiments, this instruction may be included in the resourcesForChannelMeasurement information element (IE) of the CSI-ReportConfig message. One or more parameters may additionally instruct the device to perform and report Doppler shift measurements on a second base station. For example, the device on a high-speed train may be moving between two base stations and is currently within communication range of both base stations, and the configuration message may instruct the device to measure the Doppler shift between the two base stations.

[0082] These parameters may additionally or alternatively include specifications for one or more time and frequency resources used to send Doppler measurement reports.

[0083] In some implementations, one or more parameters may include a minimum absolute reportable Doppler shift, a maximum absolute reportable Doppler shift, and a quantization step size. The minimum and maximum absolute reportable Doppler shifts specify the minimum and maximum values ​​that the device is allowed to report (e.g., 0 Hz and 8000 Hz, or another pair of values), and the quantization step size (e.g., 100 Hz) specifies the resolution used for reporting the Doppler shift (i.e., the device can round its Doppler measurements to the nearest step size; for example, with a step size of 100 Hz, a measured Doppler shift of 813 Hz could be rounded to and reported as 800 Hz).

[0084] At position 604, a Doppler measurement is performed. The Doppler measurement may include one or more first Doppler measurements performed on the first base station. The Doppler measurement measures the Doppler frequency shift of message transmission between the device and the first base station. One or more first Doppler measurements may be performed in response to receiving a configuration message. The one or more Doppler measurements may include multiple Doppler measurements on the first base station, and the Doppler measurement report may specify the average value of the multiple Doppler measurements.

[0085] The Doppler measurement may also include one or more second Doppler measurements at the second base station. The first base station may be a base station that is backed away from the device while the second base station is approaching, or vice versa. The Doppler measurement report may be further based on one or more second Doppler measurements. In various embodiments, the Doppler measurement report may report the difference between the first and second Doppler measurements, or it may report the first and second Doppler measurements separately. In some embodiments, the device may send a first Doppler measurement including the first Doppler measurement result to the first base station and a second Doppler measurement including the second Doppler measurement result to the second base station. Alternatively, the device may transmit the same Doppler measurement report to both the first and second base stations, and the Doppler measurement report may include the first and second Doppler measurement results (or it may only specify the difference between the first and second Doppler measurement results).

[0086] Depending on the speed of the reporting device and the relative positions of the first base station, the second base station, and the reporting device, the Doppler shifts of the first and second base stations can be similar in amplitude but opposite in sign. For example, if the speed of the reporting device and the positions of the first, second, and reporting base stations are all collinear, the Doppler shifts of the first and second base stations will be substantially the same in amplitude (e.g., if the reporting device moves directly away from the first base station and directly toward the second base station in a straight line, the Doppler shifts of the base stations will be equal in amplitude and opposite in sign). In some cases, the positions of the two base stations and the reporting device may be slightly deviated from collinearity (e.g., when a high-speed train is traveling in a straight line away from the first base station and toward the second base station, and the base stations are several miles apart and hundreds of feet from the train tracks). In these cases, the Doppler shifts of the first and second base stations will differ in amplitude by a certain amount, for example, as one base station moves further away from the train tracks. For CSI Doppler measurement reporting, reporting the difference between two Doppler measurements utilizes fewer network resources than reporting each Doppler measurement individually. In some implementations, base stations may instruct reporting devices to report differential measurements, thereby reducing network load, and each base station may assume its Doppler shift is equal to half of the differential measurement (resulting in a slight error depending on the deviation from collinearity). The first and second base stations may each pre-compensate for transmissions to the reporting device with opposite signs and a common amplitude equal to half the differential. Alternatively, in some implementations, the first (or second) base station may pre-compensate with full differential, while the other base station may not perform pre-compensation. In these implementations, the differential Doppler shift between the two base stations may be substantially removed or reduced, even if the absolute Doppler shifts of the two base stations persist. Reporting the differential Doppler shift between the two base stations may be desirable when the deviation from collinearity of the base stations and reporting devices is sufficiently small. Alternatively, for deployments with significant deviations from collinearity, it may be desirable for base stations to instruct the UE to report each of the two Doppler shift measurements separately to both base stations.

[0087] At position 606, a Doppler measurement report is transmitted to the first base station. The Doppler measurement report is based at least on one or more first Doppler measurements and one or more parameters. For example, the Doppler measurement report may be constructed by a reporting device based on one or more parameters. The Doppler measurement report may be additionally transmitted to one or more other base stations, or each base station may receive a different Doppler measurement report. The Doppler measurement report may be included within a CSI message. The first base station and / or the second base station may use the Doppler measurement report to perform their respective Doppler frequency shift pre-compensation, such as... Figure 5As shown, this enables the device to receive signals from the base station without Doppler frequency shift (or with a significantly reduced Doppler frequency shift). For example, the device can receive communications from a first base station and / or a second base station that have undergone Doppler pre-compensation based on Doppler measurement reports.

[0088] In some implementations, the Doppler measurement report specifies that the Doppler measurement report is invalid. For example, if the measured Doppler frequency shift is outside the range of reportable Doppler frequency shifts indicated by the configuration message, the device may report an invalid measurement result. Alternatively, if the device cannot complete the Doppler measurement and transmit the Doppler measurement report quickly enough (e.g., if it cannot complete the process within the time specified by the configuration message), the device may report an invalid measurement result.

[0089] In some implementations, Doppler measurement reports are transmitted with low latency based on aperiodic timing. In these implementations, the Doppler measurement reports may be configured with acknowledgment messages. When the Doppler measurement reports are to be transmitted with low latency based on aperiodic timing, the device may allocate all available CSI processing units to prepare and provide the Doppler measurement reports.

[0090] Figure 7 A method is described for a device to autonomously perform Doppler measurement reporting without receiving configuration messages from a base station before performing Doppler measurements and reporting. It is understood that the above references... Figure 6 Any applicable implementations described (i.e., excluding any implementations excluding configuration messages) are also available in the reference. Figure 7 Implemented in the described method. For simplicity, in Figure 7 These implementation schemes will not be described again in the description.

[0091] In various implementation schemes, some elements of the method shown may be executed simultaneously in a different order than shown, may be replaced by other method elements, or may be omitted. Additional method elements may also be executed as needed. As shown in the figure, Figure 7 The method can be operated as follows.

[0092] At point 702, a Doppler measurement is performed. The Doppler measurement may include one or more first Doppler measurements at the first base station and / or one or more second Doppler measurements at the second base station. The device may autonomously determine whether to perform a Doppler measurement and transmit a Doppler measurement report.

[0093] In some implementations, the device may determine that one or more first Doppler measurements have changed by more than a predetermined threshold amount compared to previous Doppler measurements at a first base station. The device may periodically perform Doppler measurements at connected base stations to determine when the Doppler shift has changed by more than the predetermined threshold amount. The predetermined threshold amount may be selected such that messages received with an uncompensated Doppler shift of the predetermined threshold amount may be difficult for the device to successfully receive and / or decode. In these implementations, the device may send a Doppler measurement report to the first base station in response to determining that one or more first Doppler measurements have changed by more than the predetermined threshold amount compared to previous Doppler measurements.

[0094] At position 704, the Doppler measurement report is transmitted to the first base station. The Doppler measurement report is based on one or more first Doppler measurements and / or second Doppler measurements. The first base station and / or the second base station can use the Doppler measurement report to perform their respective Doppler frequency shift pre-compensation, such as... Figure 5 As shown, this enables the device to receive signals from the base station without Doppler shift (or with a significantly reduced Doppler shift). For example, the device can receive communications from a first base station and / or a second base station that have undergone Doppler pre-compensation based on Doppler measurement reports. The Doppler measurement reports may report the Doppler shifts of the first and second base stations separately, or they may report the difference between the Doppler shifts of the first and second base stations.

[0095] In some implementations, after sending a Doppler measurement report, the device may prevent the transmission of subsequent Doppler measurement reports to the base station until the prohibition period expires. For example, the network may notify the device of the prohibition period, so that the device will not send a second Doppler measurement report to the base station within the prohibition period following the transmission of the first Doppler measurement report.

[0096] In some implementations, the device may send scheduling request messages to the base station on the Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) and receive uplink grants from the base station. In these implementations, Doppler measurement reports may be sent based on the uplink grants.

[0097] In some implementations, a Doppler measurement report is sent within a Media Access Control-Control Element (MAC-CE) message. In addition to absolute or differentially quantized Doppler shift measurements, the MAC-CE message may also include the serving cell ID of the serving cell measuring the Doppler shift and / or the base station ID of the base station measuring the Doppler shift. The base station ID can be a logical ID, such as CSI-ReportConfigId or NZP-CSI-RS-ResourceSetId, where trs-info can be configured.

[0098] Figures 8 to 1 1-Additional support materials

[0099] Figures 8 to 1 Additional supporting material is provided to describe the details of the implementation scheme described herein.

[0100] In some implementations, a CSI-ReportConfig message may be sent by the base station to the device to configure parameters for Doppler measurement reporting performed by the device. The CSI-ReportConfig message may set its reportQuanity field to a value other than "None" to indicate that the device will use Channel Measurement Resources (CMR) to provide Doppler measurement reports. The Tracking Reference Signal-Info (trs-Info) field can be used to configure the CMR using the CSI-ReportConfig message for a Non-Zero Power (NZP) CSI-Resource Set (CSI-RS). In various implementations, Doppler measurement reporting configuration can be performed for Aperiodic Tracking Reference Signals (AP-TRS), Periodic Tracking Reference Signals (P-TRS), or Semi-Persistent Tracking Reference Signals (SP-TRS).

[0101] The `timeRestrictionForChannelMeasurements` field in the CSI-ReportConfig message can be used to instruct the device to perform multiple Doppler frequency shift measurements at the base station and report the average of the multiple measurements. In some implementations, the CSI-ReportConfig message can configure the device to target two different base stations (e.g., ...). Figure 5 The Doppler measurement reports of the back-off base station and the near base station shown retain two resource sets (i.e., two time and frequency resource sets). Figure 8 An exemplary message format is shown, in which the resourcesForChannelMeasurement field can be used to indicate the set of resources to be used for Doppler measurement reports for each of one or more base stations.

[0102] In some implementation schemes, such as Figure 9 As shown, the CSI-AssociatedReportConfigInfo field can be used to reserve one or more resource sets for Doppler measurement reports for one or more corresponding base stations. The resourceSet field can be used to specify the resource set to be reserved. In some implementations, interference measurement resources (IMRs), which may be zero-power IMRs (e.g., CSI-IM) or non-zero-power IMRs (e.g., NZP-CSI-RS), may not be configured for performing Doppler measurement reports.

[0103] In some implementation schemes, Figure 10The `reportQuantity` field shown can be used to instruct the reporting device how to report Doppler measurements. For example, the `reportQuantity` field can be used to specify whether the reporting device should report absolute Doppler shift measurements for one or more base stations, or differential Doppler shift measurements between two or more base stations. Two TRS sets can be configured to correspond to the CMR in the CSI-ReportConfig message, where each TRS set corresponds to one base station.

[0104] The `reportQuantity` field can further specify reporting parameters for Doppler measurements. For example, it can specify the sign (i.e., + or -) that the reporting device will report the Doppler measurements. It can also specify the minimum and maximum reportable Doppler shift (e.g., 0 Hz to 8000 Hz, or another range) and the quantization step size (e.g., 100 Hz). For instance, the `reportQuantity` field can inform the reporting device that it is allowed to report Doppler shifts up to the maximum reportable value, and that it should report the Doppler shifts in increments of the quantization step size. The `reportQuantity` field can further specify that the UE may report invalid entries in its Doppler measurement reports, for example, when the reported value is out of range (e.g., greater than the maximum reportable value), or when the reporting device's processing power is insufficient to complete the Doppler measurement and provide a report within a specified delay.

[0105] In some implementations, the computing resources used by the reporting device can be counted per CSI processing unit. The device may have a certain amount of available computing power to process a limited number of simultaneous Doppler measurement reports (e.g., if it receives CSI-ReportConfig instructions from multiple base stations). The reporting device may count each received CSI-ReportConfig message as reserving a fixed number of CSI processing units, such as one or two, for performing Doppler measurements and reporting. Alternatively, the number of CSI processing units for each CSI-ReportConfig message may be variable, for example, it may vary depending on the parameters of the corresponding CSI-ReportConfig message. For example, the number of CSI processing units associated with a CSI-ReportConfig message may be proportional to the number of resource sets reserved as specified in the CSI-ReportConfig message. The rules for counting CSI processing units may be established according to cellular telecommunications standards, or may be reported by the UE as UE capability information.

[0106] The reporting device can be configured to accept and process CSI-ReportConfig messages until its maximum number of CSI processing units have been allocated. After that, the device can respond to any subsequent CSI-ReportConfig messages by providing an invalid Doppler measurement report to indicate that the device currently does not have sufficient processing bandwidth to generate and provide additional Doppler measurements.

[0107] Figure 11A and Figure 11B This is a table showing two possible sets of timing parameters for aperiodic CSI transmissions. Figure 11A and Figure 11B In the table, Z is the minimum timing offset between the last symbol of the Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) message that triggers the CSI report (i.e., the CSI-ReportConfig message) and the first uplink symbol carrying the corresponding CSI report, including the effects of timing advance. Z' is the minimum timing offset between the last symbol of the last reference signal used for measurement and the first uplink symbol carrying the corresponding CSI report, including the effects of timing advance. Table 11A shows the lower delay sets of Z and Z', while Table 11B shows the higher delay sets of Z and Z'. The variable μ is an index representing different subcarriers. In some scenarios, the reporting UE can use the lower delay sets of Z and Z'. For example, the lower delay set with the minimum timing offset can be used when the CSI Doppler measurement report is triggered by a transport block or provided within a Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request Acknowledgment (HARQ-ACK) message instead of transmitting the CSI Doppler measurement report within the Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH). Alternatively or additionally, when the reporting device is currently preparing CSI Doppler measurement reports only for a single base station, it may choose to use a low-latency set of timing offsets. In these implementations, the reporting device may allocate all of its CSI processing units to provide Doppler measurement reports in order to meet a minimum timing offset with lower latency.

[0108] Another exemplary implementation may include a method comprising: having the device perform any or all of the foregoing examples.

[0109] Another exemplary implementation may include a method comprising: performing any or all of the foregoing examples by a base station.

[0110] Another exemplary embodiment may include a device comprising: an antenna; a radio component coupled to the antenna; and a processing element operatively coupled to the radio component, wherein the device is configured to implement any or all of the foregoing examples.

[0111] Another exemplary embodiment may include an apparatus comprising a processor configured to implement any or all of the foregoing examples.

[0112] Another set of exemplary embodiments may include a non-transitory computer-accessible memory medium comprising program instructions that, when executed at the device, cause the device to implement any or all of the foregoing examples.

[0113] Another exemplary set of implementations may include a computer program comprising instructions for performing any or all portions of any of the examples described above.

[0114] Another exemplary set of embodiments may include an apparatus that includes means for performing any or all elements of any of the examples described above.

[0115] As is widely recognized, the use of personally identifiable information should comply with privacy policies and practices that are generally accepted to meet or exceed industry or governmental requirements for protecting user privacy. Specifically, personally identifiable information data should be managed and processed to minimize the risk of unintentional or unauthorized access or use, and the nature of authorized use should be clearly explained to users.

[0116] Embodiments of the present invention can be implemented in any of a variety of forms. For example, in some embodiments, the invention can be implemented as a computer-implemented method, a computer-readable storage medium, or a computer system. In other embodiments, the invention can be implemented using one or more custom-designed hardware devices such as ASICs. In still other embodiments, the invention can be implemented using one or more programmable hardware elements such as FPGAs.

[0117] In some embodiments, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium (e.g., a non-transitory memory element) may be configured to store program instructions and / or data, wherein if the program instructions are executed by a computer system, the computer system performs a method, such as any of the method embodiments described herein, or any combination of the method embodiments described herein, or any subset of any method embodiments described herein, or any combination of such subsets.

[0118] In some embodiments, a device (e.g., a UE) may be configured to include a processor (or a set of processors) and a memory medium (or memory elements), wherein the memory medium stores program instructions, and wherein the processor is configured to read from and execute the program instructions, wherein the program instructions are executable to implement any of the various method embodiments described herein (or any combination of the method embodiments described herein, or any subset or any combination of such subsets of any method embodiments described herein). The device may be implemented in any of a variety of forms.

[0119] Although the above embodiments have been described in considerable detail, many variations and modifications will become apparent to those skilled in the art once the disclosure is fully understood. This disclosure is intended to render the following claims as encompassing all such variations and modifications.

Claims

1. An apparatus for reporting Doppler measurements, comprising: A radio component, which is operatively coupled to an antenna; and A processor, operatively coupled to the radio component, wherein the device is configured to: Receive a configuration message from the first base station, wherein the configuration message specifies one or more parameters for the Doppler measurement report; Perform one or more first Doppler measurements on the first base station; Perform one or more second Doppler measurements at the second base station; as well as The Doppler measurement report is sent to the first base station. The Doppler measurement report is based on the one or more first Doppler measurements, the one or more second Doppler measurements, and the one or more parameters, wherein the Doppler measurement report includes the difference between the first Doppler measurements and the second Doppler measurements.

2. The device according to claim 1, The one or more first Doppler measurements are performed in response to receiving the configuration message.

3. The device according to claim 1, The one or more parameters mentioned above include instructions for performing multiple first Doppler measurements. Performing one or more first Doppler measurements includes performing the plurality of first Doppler measurements, and The Doppler measurement report is based on the average of the plurality of first Doppler measurements.

4. The device according to claim 1, The one or more parameters mentioned above include specifications for one or both of the following: One or more time and frequency resources for performing the one or more first Doppler measurements; and One or more time and frequency resources are used to send the Doppler measurement report.

5. The device according to claim 1, The Doppler measurement report mentioned therein specifies that the Doppler measurement report is invalid.

6. The device according to claim 1, The one or more parameters mentioned above include: Minimum absolute reportable Doppler shift; Maximum absolute reportable Doppler shift; as well as Quantization step size.

7. The device according to claim 1, The Doppler measurement report is provided with low delay based on non-periodic timing, and The Doppler measurement report includes a confirmation message.

8. The device according to claim 1, The device mentioned above includes a cellular transceiver installed on a high-speed train.

9. The device according to claim 1, The configuration message mentioned above includes the Channel State Information (CSI) - ReportConfig message, and The Doppler measurement report mentioned therein is included in the CSI transmission.

10. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, the non-transitory computer-readable storage medium comprising program instructions, the program instructions causing a first base station to: when executed by a processor. Send a configuration message to the device, wherein the configuration message instructs the device to perform one or more first Doppler measurements on the first base station and one or more second Doppler measurements on the second base station, and specifies one or more parameters for the Doppler measurement report; Receive the Doppler measurement report from the device, wherein the Doppler measurement report is based on the one or more parameters and the results of the one or more first Doppler measurements and the one or more second Doppler measurements, wherein the Doppler measurement report includes the difference between the first Doppler measurements and the second Doppler measurements; and Communication is sent to the device using Doppler pre-compensation, wherein the Doppler pre-compensation is based on the Doppler measurement report.

11. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium according to claim 10, The one or more parameters mentioned above include instructions for performing multiple first Doppler measurements, and The Doppler measurement report is based on the average of the plurality of first Doppler measurements.

12. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium according to claim 10, The communication transmitted to the device is pre-compensated using half or all of the difference between the first Doppler measurement and the second Doppler measurement.

13. A method for reporting Doppler measurements, the method comprising: Perform one or more first Doppler measurements at the first base station; Perform one or more second Doppler measurements at the second base station; The Doppler measurement report is sent to the first base station, wherein the Doppler measurement report is based on the one or more first Doppler measurements and the one or more second Doppler measurements, wherein the Doppler measurement report includes the difference between the first Doppler measurements and the second Doppler measurements; and Communication is received from the first base station, wherein the communication is pre-compensated by the first base station based on the Doppler measurement report.

14. The method according to claim 13, further comprising: It is determined that, compared to previous Doppler measurements at the first base station, the one or more first Doppler measurements have changed by more than a predetermined threshold amount. The transmission of the Doppler measurement report is performed in response to determining that the one or more first Doppler measurements have changed by more than a predetermined threshold amount compared to the previous Doppler measurements.

15. The method according to claim 13, further comprising: After the Doppler measurement report is sent, subsequent Doppler measurement reports are prevented from being sent to the base station until the prohibition period expires.

16. The method of claim 13, further comprising: Send a scheduling request message to the base station on the Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH); as well as Receive PUCCH resource configuration or uplink authorization from the base station. The Doppler measurement report is sent according to the PUCCH resource configuration or uplink authorization.

17. The method according to claim 13, further comprising: Receive uplink authorization from the base station The Doppler measurement report is sent within a Media Access Control-Control Element (MAC-CE) message, and the Doppler measurement report is sent in accordance with the uplink grant.

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