Rapid dehydration thickener

Abstract

This invention provides a rapid dewatering thickener, comprising a flocculation and sedimentation module in the clarification zone, an anti-caking pulping module in the compression zone, and an automatic lifting dewatering rod system module. The automatic lifting dewatering rod system module includes a lifting frame system installed on top of the rapid dewatering thickener, a drive device connected to the lifting frame system and used to control the lifting movement of the lifting frame system, a dewatering rod system connected to the lifting frame system, and a support base for supporting the dewatering rod system. The rapid dewatering thickener provided by this invention has a simple structure, is easy to operate and maintain, and exhibits excellent performance, effectively solving the technical problems of low dewatering efficiency, easy rake formation, and high energy consumption in existing thickeners.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of thickener technology, and more particularly to a rapid dehydration thickener. Background Technology

[0002] Tailings paste backfilling refers to a process technology that uses tailings discharged from the concentrator as aggregate and cement or other new cementing materials as binders to mix and prepare a paste-like slurry for filling underground mining areas. Due to its advantages such as less bleeding, less segregation, and uniform filling, it has been widely used in mines at home and abroad.

[0003] The concentration of tailings paste is a key technical indicator for full-scale tailings paste backfilling; the higher the concentration, the better the quality of the backfill. Therefore, thickening and dewatering the low-concentration tailings slurry discharged from the concentrator to a high-concentration or paste tailings slurry is the core process for full-scale tailings paste backfilling. Currently, tailings thickening and dewatering in mines mainly includes vertical sand bin thickening and dewatering processes, deep cone thickener thickening and dewatering processes, and mechanical filtration dewatering processes. Mechanical filtration dewatering is complex and costly, and its application in mine backfilling in my country is relatively limited. Vertical sand bin thickening has low efficiency and underflow concentration, and its application is increasingly limited. Deep cone thickeners are widely used due to their advantages such as high underflow concentration, high thickening efficiency, and simple process.

[0004] Thickeners employ self-dilution flocculation sedimentation thickening technology, combined with thick mud layers and rake frame disturbance, to concentrate slurry with a solids content of 10%–20% into underflow slurry with a solids content of 45%–55% through gravity sedimentation, achieving high-concentration sand discharge. This technology is widely used in many mines. However, after long-term practical application, existing thickeners have the following technical problems:

[0005] (1) In order to prevent tailings from caking in the bin and causing poor sand discharge, traditional thickeners generally use an electrically driven rake frame structure to continuously disturb the underflow, so that the thickened underflow slurry is discharged from the underflow port at the bottom of the thickener; however, for tailings with a relatively coarse particle size, thickeners with a rake frame structure often experience rake crushing accidents, affecting normal production.

[0006] (2) The continuously operating rake frame structure relies on a high-power motor for driving, which consumes a lot of energy and does not conform to the concept of green development.

[0007] (3) During the flocculation and settling process of tailings, the flocs are dehydrated only under the action of gravity, resulting in low settling and dehydration efficiency.

[0008] In view of this, it is necessary to invent a new type of rapid dewatering thickener to address the problems of low dewatering efficiency, easy rake formation, and high energy consumption of traditional thickeners. This would effectively solve the above problems, achieve a smooth, efficient, and continuous thickening process, improve the stability of the filling system, and reduce filling costs. Summary of the Invention

[0009] In view of the technical problems of existing thickeners such as low dewatering efficiency, easy rake pressing, and high energy consumption, the purpose of this invention is to provide a rapid dewatering thickener.

[0010] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides a rapid dewatering thickener, including a flocculation and sedimentation module located in the clarification zone, an anti-caking pulping module located in the compression zone, and an automatic lifting dewatering rod system module;

[0011] The automatic lifting dewatering rod system module includes a lifting frame system installed on the top of the rapid dewatering thickener, a drive device connected to the lifting frame system and used to control the lifting movement of the lifting frame system, a dewatering rod system connected to the lifting frame system, and a support base for supporting the dewatering rod system.

[0012] The dehydration bar system includes several dehydration bars arranged symmetrically or asymmetrically.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the main body of the dewatering rod is installed in the settling zone, and its two ends are located in the clarification zone and the compression zone, respectively.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, when the mud layer height in the compression zone gradually increases and begins to submerge the tail end of the dewatering rod system, causing the motor torque of the dewatering rod system to increase to a predetermined limit, the lifting frame system receives information and executes the command, and the drive device starts to work to lift the dewatering rod system; when the dewatering rod system can work normally at the original preset frequency, the drive device stops working and stops lifting the dewatering rod system.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, the bottom of the rapid dehydration thickener has a flat bottom structure.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present invention, the anti-caking slurry making module includes a plurality of aggregated duck-shaped nozzles disposed at the bottom of the flat-bottomed structure and a compressed air system connected to the aggregated duck-shaped nozzles via pipes.

[0017] As a further improvement of the present invention, a plurality of the aggregated duck-shaped nozzles are radially distributed with the sand discharge port as the center, or the plurality of aggregated duck-shaped nozzles are symmetrically distributed at a predetermined distance between them.

[0018] As a further improvement of the present invention, the gathering duck-shaped nozzle is provided with openings in both the horizontal and vertical directions, and anti-clogging parts are provided on the openings.

[0019] As a further improvement of the present invention, the flocculation sedimentation module includes a feed box, a tailings slurry feed inlet, an overflow weir ring channel, and an overflow discharge pipe.

[0020] As a further improvement of the present invention, the flocculation and sedimentation module is externally connected to the mine sand inlet pipe and the flocculant dosing pipe. The tailings slurry and flocculant enter the feed box through the pipe, are fully mixed, and then flow out from the tailings slurry inlet to enter the thickener for flocculation and sedimentation. The overflow water passes through the overflow weir ring channel and is discharged from the overflow discharge pipe to enter the mine water circulation system for recycling.

[0021] As a further improvement of the present invention, the automatic lifting dehydration rod module also includes a horizontal tie rod that is vertically connected to the dehydration rod system.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0023] 1. The rapid dewatering thickener provided by this invention, through the structural setting of the automatic lifting dewatering rod system module, in the process of tailings flocculation and sedimentation, the dewatering rod system rotates at a specified frequency to disturb the sedimentation zone. When each rod in the dewatering rod system rotates, it cuts the loose flocs, instantly forming a space. The space is instantly filled with water, and an osmotic pressure difference is formed between the space and the floc layer cut in the sedimentation zone. This allows the water in the floc layer to be dewatered at a faster rate than when it is undisturbed, shortening the dewatering path and accelerating the dewatering speed of the floc layer, thereby improving the dewatering efficiency of the thickener. As the mud layer in the compression zone gradually rises, it begins to submerge the tail end of the dewatering rod system. This causes a sudden increase in the resistance to the rotation of the dewatering rod system, leading to an increase in the motor torque. When the torque reaches a certain limit, the system will be overloaded. At this point, the dewatering rod lifting system receives the information and executes the command, with the hydraulic drive device slowly lifting the dewatering rod system. Once the dewatering rod system can operate normally at its original set frequency, the lifting stops. This cycle is repeated to ensure the dewatering effect of the dewatering rod system and to prevent it from being subjected to the effects of the compacted mud layer in the compression zone, which would increase energy consumption due to high-load operation. It also avoids the risk of the dewatering rod system experiencing something similar to a rake being pressed down.

[0024] 2. The rapid dewatering thickener provided by the present invention, through the structure of the automatic lifting dewatering rod module, the torque suddenly increases when the bottom end of the dewatering rod contacts the compression zone, which indicates that the settling of the settling zone (compression zone) is completed. The height of the bottom end of the dewatering rod can be measured by the initial height and the lifting height of the lifting frame system, and the mud layer height of the compression zone at this time can also be calculated.

[0025] 3. The rapid dewatering thickener provided by this invention adopts a combined structure of a flat bottom and a gathering duck-shaped nozzle, abandoning the traditional conical bottom structure and rake frame design, thus overcoming the technical defects of high energy consumption of traditional rake frames. Furthermore, the anti-caking slurry-making module is connected to an external compressed air system, which delivers high-pressure air through pipelines to the gathering duck-shaped nozzle. The gathering duck-shaped nozzle has openings in both the horizontal and vertical directions and is equipped with anti-clogging measures. When sand discharge from the sand outlet is not smooth or the tailings slurry in the thickener is stored for too long, the anti-caking slurry-making module is activated. High-pressure air is ejected from the two outlets of the gathering duck-shaped nozzle, disturbing the settled tailings slurry at the bottom of the thickener, ensuring smooth sand discharge from the sand outlet and preventing caking problems caused by prolonged storage of tailings slurry in the thickener.

[0026] 4. The rapid dewatering thickener provided by the present invention sets up an interconnected structure between the automatic lifting dewatering rod system module and the anti-caking pulping module, and adopts a design of spraying high-pressure air with a gathering duck-shaped nozzle to replace the function of the traditional rake frame. This eliminates the need for a rake frame at the bottom of the dewatering rod system, significantly reducing energy consumption. The two templates work together to simultaneously solve the technical problems of low dewatering efficiency, easy rake pressing, and high energy consumption of traditional thickeners.

[0027] 5. The rapid dehydration thickener provided by this invention has a simple structure, is easy to operate, is convenient to inspect and maintain, and has a better performance. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rapid dehydration thickener provided by the present invention.

[0029] Figure Labels

[0030] 100-Rapid dewatering and thickening machine; 10-Flocculation and sedimentation module; 11-Feed box; 12-Tail slurry inlet; 13-Overflow weir ring channel; 14-Overflow discharge pipe; 20-Automatic lifting dewatering rod system module; 21-Lifting frame system; 22-Drive device; 23-Dewatering rod system; 231-Dewatering rod; 24-Support base; 25-Horizontal tie rod; 30-Anti-caking slurry making module; 31-Gathering duck-shaped nozzle; 32-Sand discharge port. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0032] It should also be noted that, in order to avoid obscuring the present invention with unnecessary details, only the structures and / or processing steps closely related to the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, while other details that are not closely related to the present invention are omitted.

[0033] Additionally, it should be noted that the terms “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] Please see Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a rapid dewatering thickener 100, including a flocculation and sedimentation module 10 located in the clarification zone, an anti-caking pulping module 30 located in the compression zone, and an automatic lifting dewatering rod system module 20. Furthermore, the thickener 100 has a flat-bottomed structure and no rake frame.

[0036] As a further embodiment of the above, the flocculation and sedimentation module 10 includes a feed box 11, a tailings slurry inlet 12, an overflow weir ring 13, and an overflow discharge pipe 14. Its specific working process and principle are as follows:

[0037] The flocculation and sedimentation module 10 is connected to the mine sand inlet pipe and the flocculant dosing pipe. The tailings slurry and flocculant enter the feed box 11 through the pipe, are fully mixed and then flow out from the tailings slurry inlet 12 and enter the thickener for flocculation and sedimentation. The overflow water passes through the overflow weir ring 13 and is discharged from the overflow discharge pipe 14 and enters the mine water circulation system for recycling.

[0038] As a further embodiment of the above, the automatic lifting dewatering rod system module 20 includes a lifting frame system 21 installed on the top of the rapid dewatering thickener, a drive device 22 connected to the lifting frame system 21 and used to control the lifting movement of the lifting frame system 21, a dewatering rod system 23 connected to the lifting frame system 21, and a support base 24 for supporting the dewatering rod system 23; at the same time, the automatic lifting dewatering rod system module 20 also includes a horizontal tie rod 25 vertically connected to the dewatering rod system 23.

[0039] As the mud layer in the compression zone gradually rises and begins to submerge the tail end of the dewatering rod system 23, causing the motor torque of the dewatering rod system 23 to increase to a predetermined limit, the lifting system 21 receives the information and executes the command, and the drive device 22 starts working to lift the dewatering rod system 23. When the dewatering rod system 23 can work normally at the original preset frequency, the drive device 22 stops working, stopping the lifting of the dewatering rod system 23. Its specific working process and principle are as follows:

[0040] Through the structural design of the automatic lifting dewatering rod system module 20, during the tailings flocculation and sedimentation process, the dewatering rod system 23 rotates at a specified frequency to disturb the sedimentation zone. When each dewatering rod 231 in the dewatering rod system 23 rotates, it cuts the loose flocs, instantly forming a space. The space is instantly filled with water, and an osmotic pressure difference is formed between the space and the floc layer that has been cut in the sedimentation zone. This allows the water in the floc layer to be dewatered at a faster rate than when it is undisturbed, shortening the dewatering path and accelerating the dewatering speed of the floc layer, thereby improving the dewatering efficiency of the thickener. As the mud layer in the compression zone gradually rises and begins to submerge the tail end of the dewatering rod system, the resistance to rotation of the dewatering rod system 23 increases suddenly, and the motor torque of the dewatering rod system 23 increases. When the torque increases to a certain preset limit, it will be overloaded. At this time, the lifting system 21 of the dewatering rod system receives information and executes the command, and the hydraulic drive device 22 of the dewatering rod system 23 slowly lifts the dewatering rod system 23. When the dewatering rod system 23 can work normally at the original set frequency, the lifting of the dewatering rod system 23 stops. This cycle is repeated to ensure the dewatering effect of the dewatering rod system 23 and to avoid the dewatering rod system 23 being affected by the compacted mud layer in the compression zone, which would increase energy consumption due to high-load operation. It also avoids the risk of the dewatering rod system 23 being similar to a rake.

[0041] Meanwhile, through the structural setting of the automatic lifting dewatering rod module, the torque suddenly increases when the bottom end of the dewatering rod 23 contacts the compression zone. This indicates that the settling of the compaction zone (compression zone) is complete. The height of the bottom end of the dewatering rod 23 can be measured by the initial height and the lifting height of the lifting frame system, and the height of the mud layer in the compression zone at this time can also be calculated.

[0042] As a further embodiment of the above, the dehydration rod system 23 includes a plurality of dehydration rods 231 arranged symmetrically or asymmetrically.

[0043] As a further embodiment of the above, the dewatering rod system 23 is not limited to an equal length and equal spacing arrangement, and the layout and length of the rods can be adjusted according to the actual working conditions such as tailings particle size and tailings viscosity.

[0044] As a further embodiment of the above, the bottom of the rapid dewatering thickener 100 is a flat-bottom structure, and the anti-caking pulping module 30 includes a plurality of gathering duck-shaped nozzles 31 disposed at the bottom of the flat-bottom structure and a compressed air system connected to the gathering duck-shaped nozzles 31 by pipes.

[0045] Several of the aforementioned gathering duck-shaped nozzles 31 are radially distributed with the sand discharge port 32 as the center.

[0046] Alternatively, several of the aforementioned aggregating duck-shaped nozzles 31 may be symmetrically distributed at predetermined distances.

[0047] The duck-shaped focusing nozzle 31 has openings in both the horizontal and vertical directions (not shown in the figure), and anti-clogging parts are provided on the openings. Its specific working process and principle are as follows:

[0048] The design employs a combined structure of a flat bottom and a gathering duck-shaped nozzle 31, abandoning the traditional conical bottom structure and rake frame design, thus overcoming the high energy consumption of traditional rake frames. Furthermore, the anti-caking slurry-making module 30 is connected to an external compressed air system (not shown in the figure). This system delivers high-pressure air through pipelines to the gathering duck-shaped nozzle 31, which has openings in both the horizontal and vertical directions and is equipped with anti-clogging measures. When sand discharge from the sand outlet 32 ​​is obstructed or the tailings slurry in the thickener has been stored for too long, the anti-caking slurry-making module 30 is activated. High-pressure air is ejected from the two outlets of the gathering duck-shaped nozzle 31, disturbing the settled tailings slurry at the bottom of the thickener, ensuring smooth sand discharge from the sand outlet 32 ​​and preventing caking caused by prolonged tailings slurry storage in the thickener.

[0049] Therefore, this invention sets up an interconnected structure between the automatic lifting dewatering rod system module and the anti-caking pulping module, and uses a gathering duck-shaped nozzle design to replace the function of the traditional rake frame. This eliminates the need for a rake frame at the bottom of the dewatering rod system, significantly reducing energy consumption. The two templates work together to simultaneously solve the technical problems of low dewatering efficiency, easy rake pressing, and high energy consumption in traditional thickeners.

[0050] In summary, this invention provides a rapid dewatering thickener. It includes a flocculation and sedimentation module located in the clarification zone, an anti-caking pulping module located in the compression zone, and an automatic lifting dewatering rod system module. The automatic lifting dewatering rod system module includes a lifting frame system installed on top of the rapid dewatering thickener, a drive device connected to the lifting frame system and used to control the lifting movement of the lifting frame system, a dewatering rod system connected to the lifting frame system, and a support base for supporting the dewatering rod system. The dewatering rod system includes several dewatering rods arranged symmetrically or asymmetrically. The rapid dewatering thickener provided by this invention has a simple structure, is easy to operate, convenient for inspection and maintenance, and has excellent performance.

[0051] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rapid dehydration thickener, characterized in that: The rapid dewatering thickener (100) includes a flocculation sedimentation module (10) located in the clarification zone, an anti-caking pulping module (30) located in the compression zone, and an automatic lifting dewatering rod system module (20); The automatic lifting dewatering rod system module (20) includes a lifting frame system (21) installed on the top of the rapid dewatering thickener, a drive device (22) connected to the lifting frame system (21) and used to control the lifting movement of the lifting frame system (21), a dewatering rod system (23) connected to the lifting frame system (21), and a support base (24) for supporting the dewatering rod system (23); The dehydration rod system (23) includes several dehydration rods (231) arranged symmetrically or asymmetrically; The main body of the dewatering rod (231) is installed in the settling zone, and its two ends are located in the clarification zone and the compression zone, respectively; The bottom of the rapid dehydration thickener is flat. As the mud layer height in the compression zone gradually increases and begins to submerge the tail end of the dewatering rod system (23), causing the motor torque of the dewatering rod system (23) to increase to a predetermined limit, the lifting frame system (21) receives the information and executes the command, and the drive device (22) starts to work, lifting the dewatering rod system (23); when the dewatering rod system (23) can work normally at the original preset frequency, the drive device (22) stops working and stops lifting the dewatering rod system (23); The anti-caking slurry module (30) includes several duck-shaped nozzles (31) set at the bottom of the flat structure and a compressed air system connected to the duck-shaped nozzles (31) by pipes.

2. The rapid dehydration thickener according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of the aforementioned gathering duck-shaped nozzles (31) are radially distributed with the sand discharge port (32) as the center, or the plurality of the aforementioned gathering duck-shaped nozzles (31) are symmetrically distributed at a predetermined distance.

3. The rapid dehydration thickener according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gathering duck-shaped nozzle (31) has openings in both the horizontal and vertical directions, and anti-clogging parts are provided on the openings.

4. The rapid dehydration thickener according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flocculation and sedimentation module (10) includes a feed box (11), a tailings slurry feed inlet (12), an overflow weir ring (13), and an overflow discharge pipe (14).

5. The rapid dehydration thickener according to claim 4, characterized in that: The flocculation and sedimentation module (10) is connected to the mine sand inlet pipe and the flocculant dosing pipe. The tailings slurry and flocculant enter the feed box (11) through the pipe, are fully mixed, and then flow out from the tailings slurry inlet (12) and enter the thickener for flocculation and sedimentation. The overflow water passes through the overflow weir ring channel (13) and is discharged from the overflow discharge pipe (14) and enters the mine water circulation system for recycling.

6. The rapid dehydration thickener according to claim 1, characterized in that: The automatic lifting dehydration rod module (20) also includes a horizontal tie rod (25) that is vertically connected to the dehydration rod system (23).

Images