A carbonization integrated furnace for producing blue coke for magnesium smelting and catalytic reforming to produce hydrogen-rich coal gas

Abstract

The present invention relates to an integrated carbonization furnace for producing semi-coke for magnesium smelting and catalytic reforming to produce hydrogen-rich coal gas. The furnace comprises a feed port, a crushed coal pulverized coal screening net, a collection bin, a crushed coal pulverized coal circulation pipe, a raw coal gas flue, a catalytic reforming chamber, and a hydrogen-rich coal gas flue. The collection bin is arranged at the bottom of the feed port, and the upper end surface of the collection bin is provided with a crushed coal pulverized coal screening net. The crushed coal pulverized coal screening net is arranged to be inclined downward from the middle to the side. The bottom of the collection bin is connected to the crushed coal pulverized coal circulation pipe. The crushed coal pulverized coal circulation pipe passes downward through the preheating zone at the top of the carbonization furnace and the retorting zone in the middle, and then returns through the outer wall of the furnace to connect with the preheating zone. The upper part of the carbonization furnace is connected to the catalytic reforming chamber, and the lower part of the catalytic reforming chamber is connected to the retorting zone. The present invention is not limited by coal particle size, and the semi-coke quality is uniform and the production capacity is stable. The present invention is an integrated furnace for semi-coke carbonization and coal gas catalytic reforming, which produces high calorific value hydrogen-rich coal gas, improves semi-coke quality, and reduces operating costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of dry distillation pyrolysis carbonization furnaces and preparation of hydrogen-rich coal gas, and in particular to an integrated carbonization furnace for preparing blue coke for magnesium smelting and preparing hydrogen-rich coal gas through catalytic reforming. Background Art

[0002] At present, most of the equipment used for producing lignite in my country are gas-fired internal heating vertical furnaces, mainly including the SJ type furnace of Shenmu Sanjiang Coal Chemical Co., Ltd., the RNZL type furnace of Sinosteel Anshan Thermal Energy Research Institute Co., Ltd. and the SH type furnace of Shaanxi Metallurgical Research and Design Institute. The distillation principles of these three types of furnaces are basically the same. They all use the high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion of recycled coal gas to distill coal. In order to reduce gas resistance, only lump coal or granular coal with a particle size greater than 20 mm can be used, and small-particle crushed coal and coal powder cannot be used. Moreover, when the diameter difference of the coal entering the furnace is large, the large-particle coal is distributed around the furnace wall, and the small-particle coal is distributed in the middle of the coal seam, causing uneven distribution of the porosity of the coal seam in the furnace. The resistance around the side wall is less than the resistance in the center of the furnace, resulting in a "side wall effect" in which the gas rises faster around the side wall, resulting in uneven distribution of the rising gas, which in turn leads to uneven quality of lignite.

[0003] Furthermore, due to factors such as the quenching method, pressure, and raw coal moisture content, the raw gas produced by internally heated semi-coal furnaces has a low calorific value. This poor quality limits the processing and utilization of raw gas. The process typically involves diffuse combustion, a wasteful approach that causes severe environmental pollution and resource waste. Therefore, given these two issues, finding ways to free the coal used in semi-coal furnaces from particle size restrictions, reduce raw material costs, improve gas quality, increase the content of low-molecule fuel gas, and increase hydrogen content to produce hydrogen-rich gas is crucial for improving both corporate and social benefits, as well as ecological protection and the sustainable development of semi-coal production. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an integrated carbonization furnace for producing blue coke for magnesium smelting and producing hydrogen-rich coal gas through catalytic reforming. This carbonization furnace can solve the problem that small-particle crushed coal and coal powder are not suitable for use in existing domestic furnace types, and can utilize the physical sensible heat and all chemical components of the coke oven raw gas itself, eliminating the deoiling and purification process, and directly reforming the raw gas, which not only increases the content of small-molecule fuel gas, increases the hydrogen gas volume fraction, and produces hydrogen-rich coal gas, but also reduces the deoiling cost, improves the energy utilization rate and material utilization rate of the raw gas, and thus improves the utilization rate of coal resources.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A carbonization integrated furnace for producing semi-coke for magnesium smelting and producing hydrogen-rich coal gas through catalytic reforming, comprising a feed inlet, a preheating zone, a retorting zone, a cooling zone, a coke quenching zone, a crushed coal and pulverized coal screening net, a collection bin, a crushed coal and pulverized coal circulation pipe, a raw coal gas flue, a catalytic reforming chamber, and a hydrogen-rich coal gas flue. The carbonization furnace comprises, from top to bottom, a preheating zone, a retorting zone, a cooling zone, and a coke quenching zone. The collection bin is arranged at the bottom of the feed inlet. The upper end surface of the collection bin is a crushed coal and pulverized coal screening net. The crushed coal and pulverized coal screening net is arranged to be inclined downward from the middle to the side. The bottom of the collection bin is connected to the crushed coal and pulverized coal circulation pipe. The crushed coal and pulverized coal circulation pipe passes downward through the preheating zone at the top and the retorting zone in the middle of the carbonization furnace, and then returns to the top through the outer wall of the furnace to be connected to the preheating zone.

[0007] One end of the raw gas flue is connected to the upper part of the carbonization furnace, and the other end of the raw gas flue is connected to the catalytic reforming chamber. The lower part of the catalytic reforming chamber is connected to the hydrogen-rich gas flue. The hydrogen-rich gas flue sends part of the oxygen-rich gas back to the bottom of the dry distillation area, and the remaining oxygen-rich gas is sent out. An air blower inlet is also provided on the hydrogen-rich gas flue sent back to the dry distillation area.

[0008] The coke quenching area feeds the coke to the coke discharge conveyor belt below.

[0009] The pores of the crushed coal and pulverized coal screening net are 18 to 20 mm.

[0010] A catalyst filler is provided in the catalytic reforming chamber, and a water inlet nozzle is provided on the upper part of the catalytic reforming chamber.

[0011] A gas induced draft fan is provided in the aggregate bin, and a pressurized fan is provided in the crushed coal and pulverized coal circulation pipe.

[0012] A method for using a carbonization integrated furnace for producing blue coke for magnesium smelting and producing hydrogen-rich coal gas through catalytic reforming, comprising:

[0013] After the coal enters the carbonization furnace, the coal lumps with a particle size greater than 18-20 mm fall into the furnace along the inclined structure of the crushed coal and pulverized coal screening net. The coal lumps are carbonized in the preheating zone, dry distillation zone, and cooling zone to form semi-coke. Finally, the semi-coke is quenched by cooling water and transported to the drying station by the coke discharge conveyor belt.

[0014] Crushed coal and pulverized coal with particle size less than 20-18mm are screened by the crushed coal and pulverized coal screening net into the aggregate bin, and then enter the crushed coal and pulverized coal circulation pipeline, where they are carbonized and fall into the furnace along the wall at the upper part of the preheating zone, and finally complete the quenching and coking together with the lump coal.

[0015] The raw coal gas generated during the coalification process of raw materials rises through the raw coal gas flue and enters the catalytic reforming chamber. In the catalytic reforming chamber, the tar mixed in the raw coal gas is catalytically cracked and reformed with water vapor under the action of the catalyst to form hydrogen-rich coal gas. A part of the oxygen-rich coal gas is returned to the carbonization furnace through the hydrogen-rich coal gas flue as fuel gas for reuse, and the remaining oxygen-rich coal gas is sent out as a product.

[0016] The temperature of the preheating zone in the carbonization furnace is 340-450°C, the temperature of the dry distillation zone is 650-730°C, and the temperature of the cooling zone is 140-200°C.

[0017] The temperature of the catalytic reforming chamber is 620-920° C., the pressure is 1-1.5 atm, and the water-to-carbon ratio is 8-13.

[0018] The catalyst filler in the catalytic reforming chamber is a catalyst with Ni as the catalyst active material.

[0019] Compared with the existing technology, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0020] 1) The utilization of raw coal in the present invention is not limited by the coal particle size. The crushed coal and coal powder are carbonized against the wall after passing through the circulation pipe, which avoids their distribution in the middle of the coal seam and the uneven porosity distribution of the coal seam in the furnace. The resistance around the side wall is less than the resistance in the furnace center, which causes the side wall effect where the gas rises faster around the side wall. The blue coke has uniform quality and stable production capacity.

[0021] 2) The present invention is an integrated furnace for carbonization of lignite and catalytic reforming of coal gas, which solves the problems of waste of sensible heat, equipment clogging and environmental pollution in physical tar removal of traditional lignite furnaces. It realizes online removal of tar from raw coal gas while increasing the hydrogen content in the raw coal gas, producing high calorific value hydrogen-rich coal gas, further improving the quality of lignite and reducing operating costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic diagram of a carbonization integrated furnace device for producing semi-coke for magnesium smelting and producing hydrogen-rich coal gas through catalytic reforming.

[0023] In the figure: 1-feeding port; 2-feeding valve; 3-crushed coal and pulverized coal screening net; 4-aggregate bin; 5-preheating zone; 6-crushed coal and pulverized coal circulation pipe; 7-drying zone; 8-cooling zone; 9-coke quenching zone; 10-coke discharge conveyor belt; 11-raw coal flue; 12-catalytic reforming chamber; 13-catalyst packing; 14-hydrogen-rich flue gas pipeline; 15-air blast inlet; 16-lump coal; 17-induced draft fan; 18-pressurized fan; 19-water inlet nozzle; 20-water spraying pipeline; 21-raw coal gas, 22-hydrogen-rich coal gas; 23-crushed coal and pulverized coal. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] A carbonization integrated furnace for producing semi-coke for magnesium smelting and producing hydrogen-rich coal gas through catalytic reforming, comprising a feed port 1, a preheating zone 5, a retorting zone 7, a cooling zone 8, a coke quenching zone 9, a crushed coal and pulverized coal screening net 3, a collection bin 4, a crushed coal and pulverized coal circulation pipe 6, a raw coal gas flue 11, a catalytic reforming chamber 12, and a hydrogen-rich coal gas flue 14. The carbonization furnace comprises, from top to bottom, a preheating zone 5, a retorting zone 7, a cooling zone 8, and a quenching zone 9. The collection bin 4 is arranged at the bottom of the feed port 1, and a feed valve 2 is provided at the feed port 1. The upper end surface of the collection bin 4 is a crushed coal and pulverized coal screening net 3, and the crushed coal and pulverized coal screening net 3 is inclined downward from the middle to the side. The bottom of the collection bin 4 is connected to the crushed coal and pulverized coal circulation pipe 6, and the crushed coal and pulverized coal circulation pipe 6 passes downward through the preheating zone 5 at the top of the carbonization furnace and the retorting zone 7 in the middle, and then returns to the top through the outer wall of the furnace and is connected to the preheating zone 5;

[0026] There is space around the aggregate bin 4 and the inner wall of the carbonization furnace for the lump coal 16 to flow into the furnace body.

[0027] One end of a raw gas flue 11 connects to the upper portion of the carbonization furnace, while the other end connects to a catalytic reforming chamber 12. The lower portion of the catalytic reforming chamber 12 connects to a hydrogen-rich gas flue 14. This hydrogen-rich gas flue 14 branches into two paths: one connecting to the lower portion of the retorting zone 7, and the other transporting the remaining oxygen-rich gas. An air inlet 15 is also provided on the hydrogen-rich gas flue branch that returns to the retorting zone. The ignition port of the carbonization furnace is located near the connection point between the hydrogen-rich gas flue 14 and the retorting zone 7.

[0028] The coke quenching area 9 discharges the coke to the coke discharge conveyor belt 10 below.

[0029] The pores of the crushed coal and pulverized coal screening net 3 are 18 to 20 mm.

[0030] A catalyst filler 13 is provided in the catalytic reforming chamber 12 , and a water inlet nozzle 19 is provided at the top of the catalytic reforming chamber 12 .

[0031] A gas induced draft fan 17 is provided in the aggregate bin 4, and a pressurized fan 18 is provided in the crushed coal and pulverized coal circulation pipe 6, which can allow sufficient gas to enter the crushed coal and pulverized coal circulation pipe 6 to fully carbonize the crushed coal and pulverized coal, and after carbonization, the crushed coal and pulverized coal fall into the furnace along the inner wall of the preheating zone 5.

[0032] A method for using a carbonization integrated furnace for producing blue coke for magnesium smelting and producing hydrogen-rich coal gas through catalytic reforming, comprising:

[0033] After the coal enters the carbonization furnace through the feed port 1 and the feed valve 2, the coal lumps 16 with a particle size greater than 18-20 mm fall into the furnace along the inclined structure of the crushed coal and pulverized coal screening net 3. The coal lumps 16 are carbonized in the preheating zone 5, the dry distillation zone 7, and the cooling zone 8 to form blue coke. Finally, the blue coke is quenched with cooling water in the quenching zone 9 and transported to the drying station by the coke discharge conveyor 10.

[0034] Crushed coal and pulverized coal 23 with a particle size of less than 20-18 mm are screened by the crushed coal and pulverized coal screening net 3 and entered into the collecting bin 4. They then enter the crushed coal and pulverized coal circulation pipe 6, where they are carbonized and fall into the furnace along the wall of the upper part of the preheating zone 5. They are finally quenched and discharged together with the lump coal 16.

[0035] The raw coal gas generated during the coalification process of the raw materials rises through the raw coal gas flue 11 and enters the catalytic reforming chamber 12. In the catalytic reforming chamber 12, the tar mixed in the raw coal gas is catalytically cracked in a short period of time and reformed with water vapor under the action of the catalyst to form hydrogen-rich coal gas 22. A portion of the oxygen-rich coal gas 22 is returned to the carbonization furnace through the hydrogen-rich coal gas flue 14 for reuse as fuel gas, and the remaining oxygen-rich coal gas 22 is sent out as a product.

[0036] The temperature of the preheating zone 5 in the carbonization furnace is 340-450°C, the temperature of the dry distillation zone 7 is 650-730°C, and the temperature of the cooling zone 8 is 140-200°C.

[0037] The temperature of the catalytic reforming chamber 12 is 620-920° C., the pressure is 1-1.5 atm, and the water-carbon ratio is 8-13.

[0038] The catalyst filler 13 in the catalytic reforming chamber 12 is a catalyst with Ni as the catalyst active material, and the catalyst can be but is not limited to Ni / Al2O3, Ni / MgO / Al2O3, etc.

Claims

1. A carbonization integrated furnace for producing blue coke for magnesium smelting and catalytic reforming to produce hydrogen-rich coal gas, characterized in that: It includes a feed port, a preheating zone, a retorting zone, a cooling zone, a coke quenching zone, a crushed coal and pulverized coal screening net, a collection bin, a crushed coal and pulverized coal circulation pipe, a raw coal gas flue, a catalytic reforming chamber, and a hydrogen-rich coal gas flue. The carbonization integrated furnace is composed of a preheating zone, a retorting zone, a cooling zone, and a coke quenching zone from top to bottom. The collection bin is arranged at the bottom of the feed port. The upper end surface of the collection bin is a crushed coal and pulverized coal screening net. The crushed coal and pulverized coal screening net is inclined downward from the middle to the side. The bottom of the collection bin is connected to the crushed coal and pulverized coal circulation pipe. The crushed coal and pulverized coal circulation pipe passes downward through the preheating zone at the top of the carbonization integrated furnace and the retorting zone in the middle, and then returns to the top through the outer wall of the furnace to be connected to the preheating zone; One end of the raw gas flue is connected to the upper part of the carbonization integrated furnace, and the other end of the raw gas flue is connected to the catalytic reforming chamber. The lower part of the catalytic reforming chamber is connected to the hydrogen-rich gas flue. The hydrogen-rich gas flue sends part of the oxygen-rich gas back to the bottom of the dry distillation zone, and the remaining oxygen-rich gas is sent out. An air blower inlet is also provided on the hydrogen-rich gas flue sent back to the dry distillation zone. The coke quenching area discharges materials to the coke discharge conveyor belt below; The pores of the crushed coal and pulverized coal screening net are 18-20 mm.

2. The integrated carbonization furnace for producing blue coke for magnesium smelting and producing hydrogen-rich coal gas through catalytic reforming according to claim 1, characterized in that: A catalyst filler is provided in the catalytic reforming chamber, and a water inlet nozzle is provided on the upper part of the catalytic reforming chamber.

3. The integrated carbonization furnace for producing blue coke for magnesium smelting and producing hydrogen-rich coal gas through catalytic reforming according to claim 1, characterized in that: A gas induced draft fan is provided in the aggregate bin, and a pressurized fan is provided in the crushed coal and pulverized coal circulation pipe.

4. A method for using the carbonization integrated furnace for producing blue coke for magnesium smelting and producing hydrogen-rich coal gas through catalytic reforming as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: include: After the coal enters the carbonization furnace, the coal lumps with a particle size greater than 18-20 mm fall into the furnace along the inclined structure of the crushed coal and pulverized coal screening net. The coal lumps are carbonized in the preheating zone, dry distillation zone, and cooling zone to form semi-coke. Finally, the semi-coke is quenched by cooling water and transported to the drying station by the coke discharge conveyor belt. Crushed coal and pulverized coal with a particle size of less than 20-18 mm are screened by the crushed coal and pulverized coal screening net and put into the aggregate bin. They then enter the crushed coal and pulverized coal circulation pipeline, where they are carbonized and fall into the furnace along the wall at the upper part of the preheating zone. They are finally quenched and discharged together with the lump coal. The raw coal gas generated during the coalification process of raw materials rises through the raw coal gas flue and enters the catalytic reforming chamber. In the catalytic reforming chamber, the tar mixed in the raw coal gas is catalytically cracked and reformed with water vapor under the action of the catalyst to form hydrogen-rich coal gas. A part of the oxygen-rich coal gas is sent back to the carbonization integrated furnace through the hydrogen-rich coal gas flue as fuel gas for reuse, and the remaining oxygen-rich coal gas is sent out as a product.

5. The method for using a carbonization integrated furnace for producing blue coke for magnesium smelting and producing hydrogen-rich coal gas through catalytic reforming according to claim 4, characterized in that: The temperature of the preheating zone in the carbonization integrated furnace is 340~450℃, the temperature of the distillation zone is 650~730℃, and the temperature of the cooling zone is 140~200℃.

6. The method for using a carbonization integrated furnace for producing blue coke for magnesium smelting and producing hydrogen-rich coal gas through catalytic reforming according to claim 4, characterized in that: The temperature of the catalytic reforming chamber is 620-920° C., the pressure is 1-1.5 atm, and the water-to-carbon ratio is 8-13.

7. The method for using a carbonization integrated furnace for producing blue coke for magnesium smelting and producing hydrogen-rich coal gas through catalytic reforming according to claim 4, characterized in that: The catalyst filler in the catalytic reforming chamber is a catalyst with Ni as the catalyst active material.

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