A roof unpowered siphonic drainage method and system

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of roofing unpowered siphon drainage method, comprising the following steps: step one, the minimum pipe diameter and helix angle of pipe material are calculated;Step two, the gutter with slope is constructed in building roof;Step three, first drain, second drain and at least one third drain are installed in gutter;Step four, predict rainfall at target time;Step five, select execution strategy;Step six, repeat steps four to five at interval sampling period T.The application also includes a kind of roofing unpowered siphon drainage system.The application not only carries out economic and balanced calculation to system pipeline, but also can improve the safety of roof drainage, to form the pipe material with inclined thread on inner wall in the form of artificial rough pipe, according to the different rainfall in rainfall process, continuously increase, selectively open different number of rainwater bucket, ensure that pipeline forms complete siphon full pipe flow, reduce system pipeline turbulence and noise caused by gas-liquid two-phase flow.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of building water supply and drainage technology, specifically relating to a non-powered siphon drainage method and system for roofs. Background Technology

[0002] The siphon system is designed based on the principle of full-pipe pressure flow. It can effectively control and balance the flow rate and pressure of rainwater in the pipe. Under design conditions, it is a roof rainwater drainage system that uses the effective positional difference between the siphon rainwater hopper and the discharge pipe as power to generate negative pressure inside the system.

[0003] First, the number and diameter of drainage pipes determine whether rainwater can be discharged smoothly. Laying out drainage pipes based on economic and balance calculations is a key point of siphon systems.

[0004] Secondly, while the design verification of the siphon system is based on full-pipe flow, it has been found in actual operation that the system mostly operates under non-full-flow conditions. Non-full-flow conditions easily lead to gas-liquid two-phase flow phenomena, which cause turbulence and noise in the system's pipes. Therefore, conducting a more in-depth and detailed study of the siphon system to make its design more transparent and rational, and to ensure that the system can efficiently and safely discharge rainwater from the roof, is of practical significance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is to address the shortcomings of the prior art by providing a non-powered siphon drainage method and system for roofs. This system has a simple structure and reasonable design. It not only performs economic and balance calculations on the system pipes but also improves the safety of roof drainage. The pipes are constructed with inclined threads on the inner wall by artificially roughening them. Depending on the amount of rainfall during the rainfall process, the number of rainwater hoppers is continuously increased and selectively opened to ensure that the pipes form a complete siphon flow, thereby reducing the system pipe turbulence and noise caused by the gas-liquid two-phase flow phenomenon.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a non-powered siphon drainage method for roofs, characterized by including the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: According to the formula Calculate the minimum pipe diameter and helix angle According to the minimum pipe diameter and helix angle Select suitable pipe materials; hollow cross-section inner wall spiral pipes are preferred. Indicates the roof area. Indicates rainfall intensity. Represents gravitational acceleration. This indicates the maximum water depth of the gutter. This represents the roof slope coefficient. This represents the slope coefficient of the gutter. This represents the coefficient of friction of the inner wall of the spiral tube. Indicates the drainage speed of the gutter;

[0008] Step 2: Construct a sloping gutter on the building's roof;

[0009] Step 3: Install the first drainage bucket, the second drainage bucket, and at least one third drainage bucket in the gutter. The first drainage bucket, the second drainage bucket, and at least one third drainage bucket are connected to the suspension pipe through connecting pipes. The suspension pipe is connected to the riser and the drain pipe in sequence.

[0010] Step 4: Predict rainfall at the target time ;

[0011] Step 5: Select Execution Strategy: If If so, proceed to step 501; or If the condition is met, proceed to step 502; otherwise, proceed to step 503, where... This indicates the water level parameters of the gutter. This represents the first water depth threshold. This indicates the second water depth threshold. Indicates the drainage volume of the gutter;

[0012] Step 501: Close the first and second drainage buckets;

[0013] Step 502: Close the first drainage bucket;

[0014] Step 503: The rainwater hopper is fully open. The rainwater hopper includes a first drainage hopper, a second drainage hopper, and at least one third drainage hopper.

[0015] Step Six: Interval Sampling Period Repeat steps four and five.

[0016] The above-mentioned non-powered siphon drainage method for roofs is characterized in that: step one includes the following steps:

[0017] Step 101: Set the sampling period and obtain roof rainfall data at each sampling time. and rainfall intensity ;

[0018] Step 102: with Rainfall intensity at any time and Roof rainfall data at any time As matrix elements, the matrix elements are used as image pixels to obtain a two-dimensional image. The two-dimensional image is then input into a convolutional neural network, which extracts the image features of the two-dimensional image to obtain feature quantities. The feature quantities are then divided into training and test sets.

[0019] Step 103: Select a convolutional neural network as the rainfall prediction model, define the objective function of the network model, and use the training set as the input to the network model. Roof rainfall at any time As the output value, a convolutional neural network model is selected, and the optimal parameters of the network model are solved to complete the network model training.

[0020] Step 104: After the rainfall prediction model has been trained, input the test set to evaluate the rainfall prediction model;

[0021] Step 105: Obtain the current precipitation in real time. and rainfall intensity ; Calculate the characteristic values ​​for the current time according to step 102, and input the characteristic values ​​for the current time into the rainfall prediction model; predict the rainfall at the target time using the rainfall prediction model. .

[0022] The above-mentioned roof non-powered siphon drainage method is characterized in that: in step 101, the roof precipitation data within the sampling period T is... The distance between the maximum rainfall on the roof and the maximum rainfall on the roof is calculated to obtain the data similarity. If the data similarity is greater than the threshold, the rainfall data within the sampling period T is the maximum rainfall on the roof.

[0023] The above-mentioned non-powered siphon drainage method for roofs is characterized in that: in step 105, the formula is followed. Calculate the rainfall intensity at time t. Where A, b, c, and n represent local rainfall parameters, P represents the return period involved, and t represents the duration of rainfall.

[0024] The above-mentioned non-powered siphon drainage method for roofs is characterized by: ,in Indicates the roof slope. This indicates the slope of the gutter.

[0025] The present invention also includes a roof non-powered siphon drainage system, comprising gutters, risers, drain pipes and suspension pipes, characterized in that: it includes a first drainage hopper, a second drainage hopper and at least one third drainage hopper, wherein a first circuit shell is installed on the top of the first drainage hopper, a second circuit shell is installed on the top of the second drainage hopper, and a third circuit shell is disposed on the roof.

[0026] The third circuit housing contains a controller, which is connected to a level sensor for detecting gutter water level information and a rain gauge for detecting rainfall.

[0027] The first circuit housing contains a first electronic circuit board and a first processor integrated on the first electronic circuit board. The output terminal of the first processor is connected to a first motor drive module. The first motor drive module is connected to a first motor. The top of the first circuit housing has a through hole for the first shaft of the first motor to extend out. The end of the first shaft of the first motor is fixedly connected to a first cap. The first cap is adapted to the body of the first drainage bucket.

[0028] The second circuit housing contains a second electronic circuit board and a second processor integrated on the second electronic circuit board. The output terminal of the second processor is connected to a second motor drive module, which is connected to the second motor. The top of the second circuit housing has a through hole for the shaft of the second motor to extend out. The end of the shaft of the second motor is fixedly connected to a second cap, which is adapted to the body of the second drainage hopper.

[0029] The above-mentioned roof-mounted non-powered siphon drainage system is characterized in that: the liquid level sensor is an ultrasonic liquid level gauge or an immersion hydrostatic liquid level gauge.

[0030] The above-mentioned roof non-powered siphon drainage system is characterized in that: the rain gauge is a WIR30 model rain gauge.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0032] 1. The present invention has a simple structure, reasonable design, and is convenient to implement and use.

[0033] 2. When calculating the pipe diameter, this invention considers hydraulic factors, taking into account not only the roof area S, rainfall intensity q, and maximum gutter depth H, but also the roof slope coefficient. and gutter slope coefficient It not only performs economic and balance calculations on the system piping, but also improves the safety of roof drainage, and reduces system piping turbulence and noise caused by gas-liquid two-phase flow, resulting in good performance.

[0034] 3. This invention uses a PVC hollow wall spiral silencer pipe, which is constructed by artificially roughening the pipe to form a pipe with inclined threads on the inner wall. Water flows along the thread line, which can reduce the noise of the gas-liquid two-phase flow phenomenon and can adjust the drainage flow rate of the system.

[0035] 4. Based on the different rainfall amounts during the rainfall process, this invention continuously increases and selectively opens different numbers of rainwater hoppers to achieve optimal scheduling and control. While ensuring no overflow, it ensures that the system forms a complete siphon full pipe flow, reducing system pipeline turbulence and noise caused by gas-liquid two-phase flow phenomena, resulting in better performance.

[0036] 5. This invention selects a convolutional neural network as the rainfall prediction model to predict the rainfall at a target time. The rainfall at the target time and the depth of the gutter are used as the judgment conditions for the execution strategy, and the execution strategy is dynamically adjusted. It has good application advantages and application prospects.

[0037] In summary, this invention has a simple structure and reasonable design. It not only performs economic and balanced calculations on the system pipeline, but also improves the safety of roof drainage. It constructs pipes with inclined threads on the inner wall by artificially roughening the pipes. Depending on the amount of rainfall during the rainfall process, it continuously increases and selectively opens different numbers of rainwater hoppers to ensure that the pipeline forms a complete siphon full flow, reducing the system pipeline turbulence and noise caused by the gas-liquid two-phase flow phenomenon.

[0038] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first drainage bucket of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 3 This is a circuit block diagram of the system of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the method of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of the method for implementing the strategy of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the pipe structure of the present invention.

[0045] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0046] 1—First drainage bucket; 2—Gutter; 3—Riser; 4—Drainage pipe; 5—Suspension pipe; 6—Liquid level sensor; 7—Second drainage bucket; 8—Third drainage bucket; 9—Rain gauge; 11—Outlet short pipe; 12—Anti-eddy current device; 13—Fighting Body; 14—Grid cover; 15—First circuit shell; 16—First pivot; 17—First block; 20—Controller; 21—First processor; 22—Parameter Input Module; 23—First motor drive module; 24—Second motor drive module; 25—Second processor. Detailed Implementation

[0047] The method of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0048] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0049] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0050] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented, for example, in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0051] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "on top of," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation beyond the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures were inverted, a device described as "above" or "on top of" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0052] Example 1

[0053] According to an embodiment of the present invention, an embodiment of a roof non-powered siphon drainage method is provided. It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart in the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions. Furthermore, although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be executed in a different order than that shown here.

[0054] Figure 4 and Figure 5 This is a roof-mounted non-powered siphon drainage method according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the method includes the following steps: Step 1, according to the formula Calculate the minimum pipe diameter and helix angle According to the minimum pipe diameter and helix angle Select suitable pipe materials; hollow cross-section inner wall spiral pipes are preferred. Indicates the pipe diameter. Indicates the roof area. Indicates rainfall intensity. H represents the acceleration due to gravity, and H represents the maximum depth of the gutter. This represents the roof slope coefficient. This represents the slope coefficient of the gutter.

[0055] In one alternative approach, the minimum pipe diameter can be calculated using a formula. In actual use, the pipe diameter... Not less than the minimum pipe diameter This satisfies the requirements for use and prevents rainwater overflow. It should be noted that because both the roof and gutter 2 have a slope, they also serve the function of collecting and transporting rainwater. Therefore, the rainwater inlet needs to handle not only rainwater falling directly onto its vicinity but also water collected from the surrounding roof and gutter 2. Thus, when calculating the pipe diameter considering hydraulics, in addition to considering the roof area S, rainfall intensity q, and maximum gutter depth H, the roof slope coefficient is also included. and gutter slope coefficient .

[0056] Rainfall intensity You can follow the formula The calculation is performed, where A, b, c, and n represent local rainfall parameters, P represents the return period, and t represents the rainfall duration. Taking Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province as an example, the design return period P=5, the rainfall duration t is selected as 5 minutes, n is taken as 0.9861, b as 20.4709, A as 0.1095, and c as 0.1901. The roof area S and the maximum water depth H of the gutter can both be measured.

[0057] In actual use, ,in Indicates the roof slope. This indicates the slope of the gutter. This indicates rounding up. According to design specifications, the slope of the roof should not be less than 3% when using structural sloping and not less than 2% when using architectural sloping. Therefore... ,at this time According to the formula It can be seen that, ,when hour, This means that roofs with a slope greater than e are considered to have a water-collecting function, where e is 2.718281828459.

[0058] In actual use, the slope of gutter 2 is 2°~2.5°, according to the formula When the slope of ditch 2 is greater than 1, The value of is greater than 1, meaning that gutters with a slope greater than 1 are considered to have a water collection function.

[0059] In one alternative approach, the spiral inclination angle of the pipe wall can be calculated using a formula. The drainage flow rate of the system is greatly affected by the pipe wall roughness. When the pressure difference across the pipe is constant, the greater the roughness, the smaller the cross-sectional flow rate. Pipe wall roughness consists of two parts: the roughened appearance of the pipe wall and the spiral lines set on the inner wall of the pipe. The roughened appearance is achieved during pipe manufacturing by using laser-etched rollers to roughen the steel plate used for the pipe, creating a rough surface; this is determined by the production process. The spiral lines include the pitch and inclination angle of the spiral lines. By adjusting the tilt angle It can easily change the roughness inside ordinary pipes to adapt to the hydraulic conditions of different regions and their requirements for adjusting the pipe roughness. In actual use, the inner diameter of the spiral pipe is 319mm and the spiral pitch is 200mm.

[0060] Pipe wall spiral tilt angle This refers to the angle between the spiral line installed on the inner wall of the pipe and the transverse cross-section of the pipe. The value range is 1° to 60°. Calculate. The formula is , Indicates the actual diameter of the pipe. This represents the coefficient of friction of the inner wall of the spiral tube. The value depends on the material of the spiral tube and can be obtained from a table. This indicates the drainage speed of the gutter.

[0061] like Figure 6As shown, this invention uses a PVC hollow wall spiral silencer pipe, which is constructed by artificially roughening the pipe to form a pipe with inclined threads on the inner wall. Water flows along the thread line, which can reduce the noise of the gas-liquid two-phase flow phenomenon and can adjust the drainage flow rate of the system.

[0062] Step 2: Construct a sloping gutter 2 on the building roof. In actual use, the slope of gutter 2 is 2°. By adjusting the design slope of gutter 2, the water conveyance and collection functions of gutter 2 can be adjusted, the drainage capacity can be changed, and the drainage rate can be adjusted.

[0063] Step 3: Install the first drainage bucket 1, the second drainage bucket 7 and at least one third drainage bucket 8 in the gutter 2. The first drainage bucket 1, the second drainage bucket 7 and at least one third drainage bucket 8 are evenly distributed along the circumference. The first drainage bucket 1, the second drainage bucket 7 and at least one third drainage bucket 8 are respectively connected to the suspension pipe 5 through connecting pipes. The suspension pipe 5 is connected to the riser pipe 3 and the drainage pipe 4 in sequence.

[0064] The rainwater hopper, as the starting point of the roof rainwater drainage system, is mainly used to collect rainwater and guide it into the suspended pipe 5. It should be noted that, as... Figure 2 As shown, the first drainage hopper 1 and the second drainage hopper 7 each have a hopper body 13. The first processor 21, the second processor 25, and the controller 20 communicate wirelessly. A level sensor 6 and a rain gauge 9 are disposed outside the third circuit housing. There is at least one third drainage hopper 8. A retractable first cap 17 and a retractable second cap are respectively disposed above the first drainage hopper 1 and the second drainage hopper 7.

[0065] Step 4: Predict rainfall at the target time ;

[0066] In one alternative approach, rainfall is determined by deep learning via a neural network. The specific method for making predictions is as follows:

[0067] Step 101: Set the sampling period and obtain roof rainfall data at each sampling time. and rainfall intensity In this embodiment, the roof rainfall data refers to the average value within the sampling period.

[0068] Step 102: Using the rainfall intensity at time t Roof rainfall data at time t As matrix elements, the matrix elements are used as image pixels to obtain a two-dimensional image. The two-dimensional image is then input into a convolutional neural network, which extracts the image features of the two-dimensional image to obtain feature quantities. The feature quantities are then divided into training and test sets.

[0069] Since precipitation and rainfall intensity are closely related, the rainfall intensity at time t is used. Roof rainfall data at time t As matrix elements, feature quantities are constructed for prediction. Roof rainfall at any time Rainfall intensity at time t It can be done through formula Calculate the roof rainfall data at time t. This can be determined by measuring with a rain gauge.

[0070] Step 103: Select a convolutional neural network as the rainfall prediction model, define the objective function of the network model, and use the training set as the input to the network model. Roof rainfall at any time As the output value, a convolutional neural network model is selected, and the optimal parameters of the network model are solved to complete the network model training.

[0071] In practical applications, convolutional neural networks such as AlexNet, VGG series networks, or ResNet series networks can be selected. Considering computational power and speed, the ResNet18 network is preferred for rainfall prediction models. The loss function uses a weighted combination of the cross-entropy loss function and the mean squared error loss function. This weighted combination of the cross-entropy loss function and the mean squared error loss function can significantly widen the loss difference between positive and negative samples, thereby improving accuracy.

[0072] Step 104: After the rainfall prediction model has been trained, input the test set to evaluate the rainfall prediction model;

[0073] Step 105: Obtain the current precipitation in real time. and rainfall intensity ; Calculate the characteristic values ​​for the current time according to step 102, and input the characteristic values ​​for the current time into the rainfall prediction model; predict the rainfall at the target time using the rainfall prediction model. .

[0074] In actual use, the precipitation at the current moment Data obtained from rain gauge 9. Current rainfall intensity. According to the formula calculate.

[0075] Step 5: Select Execution Strategy: If Then proceed to step six; if or If yes, proceed to step seven; otherwise, proceed to step eight, where... This indicates the water level parameters of the gutter. This represents the first water depth threshold. This indicates the second water depth threshold. This indicates the drainage volume of the gutter.

[0076] Water level parameters of the gutter Detected by level sensor 6. First water depth threshold. The minimum height of the third drainage hopper 8 extending out of the roof structure, and the second water depth threshold. The highest point at which the body of the third drainage hopper 8 extends out of the roof structure.

[0077] The execution strategy is as follows:

[0078] 1. When At that time, the water level at gutter 2 reached a low depth, and the system operated by gravity flow. The first drainage bucket 1, the second drainage bucket 7, and at least one third drainage bucket 8 were not submerged. At this time, the first drainage bucket 1 and the second drainage bucket 7 were closed, thereby increasing the rainwater flow in gutter 2 that the third drainage bucket 8 could handle, and causing the third drainage bucket 8 to quickly form a siphon.

[0079] Theoretically, the system is designed based on the siphon flow pattern of water in the system pipes. However, rainfall is random, and the rainfall intensity usually follows a normal distribution. That is, during a complete rainfall event, the duration of the maximum rainfall intensity q is very short, and the system is in a situation of low rainfall most of the time.

[0080] In the initial stages of rainfall, the amount of rain is relatively small. This means that the water level at gutter 2 has reached a low depth, that is, it has not yet exceeded the height of hopper 13. Before the siphon phenomenon is formed, the first drainage hopper 1, the second drainage hopper 7 and at least one third drainage hopper 8 are not submerged and still operate in the manner of gravity flow. Under the combined action of atmospheric pressure, Earth's rotation shear force and Earth's gravity, rainwater will form a funnel-shaped vortex at hopper 13. When the water depth is small, air will enter hopper 13 along with the vortex and flow into the system pipe, resulting in a gas-liquid two-phase flow phenomenon. The system pipe turbulence is very strong, the water flow is a wave flow, and the noise is loud.

[0081] During this stage, to avoid the gas-liquid two-phase flow phenomenon at the beginning of rainfall, the first drainage hopper 1 and the second drainage hopper 7 are closed according to the rainfall volume. This increases the amount of rainwater flow that the third drainage hopper 8 can handle in the gutter 2. The surge in water volume causes the water depth at the gutter 2 to exceed the water level in front of the third drainage hopper 8, causing the third drainage hopper 8 to quickly form a siphon. The entire third drainage hopper 8 will be submerged, ensuring the formation of the siphon phenomenon. The negative pressure of the system increases as the number of connected rainwater hoppers decreases. As the amount of air drawn into the system completely enters the riser, the third drainage hopper 8 forms a complete siphon full-pipe flow, promptly discharging the rainwater in the gutter. The internal pressure distribution is uniform, and the internal flow is stable, greatly reducing the amount of air drawn into the system. This reduces cavitation and the occurrence of gas-liquid two-phase flow when air is mixed with water into the rainwater hopper, preventing air accumulation, ensuring the stability of the siphon, reducing noise, and increasing the rainwater flow rate.

[0082] 2. When or The water level at gutter 2 can reach a medium depth, and the rainfall at the target time cannot surge. It also has the conditions for siphoning and full pipe flow in a short time. At this time, the first drainage hopper 1 is closed, so that the third drainage hopper 8 and the second drainage hopper 7 are both submerged at present and at the target time, ensuring that the third drainage hopper 8 and the second drainage hopper 7 form a continuous siphoning phenomenon. The negative pressure of the system increases as the number of rainwater hoppers connected decreases. As the amount of air sucked into the system completely enters the riser, the third drainage hopper 8 and the second drainage hopper 7 form a complete full pipe flow.

[0083] During rainfall, as the rainfall amount continues to increase, but the amount is still insufficient to allow all the drainage inlets to form a continuous siphon effect, that is... or , , , , , This means that the water level at gutter 2 is considered to reach a medium depth, exceeding the height of the hopper 13. The water flow carries the existing air in the system pipes and the air continuously entering the system pipes from the rainwater hopper into the suspension pipe 5. At this time, a brief siphon phenomenon will occur in the system pipes, but the small amount of rainwater accumulated in gutter 2 will be quickly cleared by the effect of the siphon phenomenon. That is, the subsequent rainwater volume will not surge, meaning that the inflow is less than the outflow. The rainwater hopper cannot maintain the siphon continuously. After the siphon phenomenon is interrupted, a large amount of gas enters the system pipes with the rainwater, and the gas-liquid two-phase flow phenomenon reappears.

[0084] Therefore, in order to avoid the gas-liquid two-phase flow phenomenon during the middle of the rainfall, when the rainfall volume cannot meet the continuous siphon phenomenon, the first drainage hopper 1 is closed, so that the third drainage hopper 8 and the second drainage hopper 7 are both submerged at the current time and the target time, ensuring that the third drainage hopper 8 and the second drainage hopper 7 form a continuous siphon phenomenon.

[0085] 3. When When the water level at gutter 2 reaches a high depth and the water flow is much greater than the amount of air entering the system pipe, the first drainage hopper 1, the second drainage hopper 7 and at least one third drainage hopper 8 will all open, forming a complete siphon phenomenon.

[0086] During rainfall, when the actual rainfall amount meets the requirements This means that the water level at point 2 of the gutter has reached a high level of depth, exceeding the warning height. The water flow rate is much greater than the amount of air entering the system pipes, so the gas-liquid two-phase flow phenomenon will not occur. The system forms a complete siphon phenomenon, or even a full siphon flow.

[0087] Therefore, this application not only performs economic and balance calculations on the system piping, but also improves the safety of roof drainage, and reduces system piping turbulence and noise caused by gas-liquid two-phase flow, resulting in good performance.

[0088] In the next sampling period, the conditions for the execution strategy are re-evaluated, and the current execution strategy is selected.

[0089] Example 2

[0090] Unlike Example 1, in step 101 of this example, the roof rainfall data within the sampling period T is... The distance between the maximum roof rainfall and the maximum roof rainfall is calculated to obtain the data similarity. If the data similarity is greater than the threshold, the maximum roof rainfall within the sampling period T is used as the rainfall data in the calculation.

[0091] Example 3

[0092] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a roof-mounted non-powered siphon drainage system is provided. Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a roof-mounted non-powered siphon drainage system according to an embodiment of this application. Figures 1-3As shown, the system includes: a gutter 2, a riser 3, a drain pipe 4, and a suspension pipe 5. Its features include: a first drainage hopper 1, a second drainage hopper 7, and at least one third drainage hopper 8. A first circuit housing 15 is installed on the top of the first drainage hopper 1, a second circuit housing is installed on the top of the second drainage hopper 7, and a third circuit housing is installed on the roof. A controller 20 is installed inside the third circuit housing. The controller 20 is connected to a level sensor 6 for detecting the water level in the gutter 2 and a rain gauge 9 for detecting rainfall.

[0093] It should be noted that the liquid level sensor 6 is inserted into the gutter 2, and the rain gauge 9 is installed on the roof.

[0094] The first circuit housing 15 is provided with a first electronic circuit board and a first processor 21 integrated on the first electronic circuit board. The output terminal of the first processor 21 is connected to a first motor drive module 23. The first motor drive module 23 is connected to the first motor. The top of the first circuit housing 15 is provided with a through hole for the first shaft 16 of the first motor to extend out. The end of the first shaft 16 of the first motor is fixedly connected to a first cap 17. The first cap 17 is adapted to the body 13 of the first drainage bucket 1.

[0095] In this embodiment, when it is necessary to close the first drainage hopper 1, the first motor drives the first rotating shaft to rotate, and the first rotating shaft drives the first cap 17 to rise and fall, so that the first cap 17 covers the hopper body 13, so that rainwater cannot enter the first drainage hopper 1 through the hopper body 13, thereby realizing the function of closing the first drainage hopper 1.

[0096] The second circuit housing contains a second electronic circuit board and a second processor 25 integrated on the second electronic circuit board. The output terminal of the second processor 25 is connected to a second motor drive module 24. The second motor drive module 24 is connected to the second motor. The top of the second circuit housing has a through hole for the shaft of the second motor to extend out. The end of the shaft of the second motor is fixedly connected to a second cap. The second cap is adapted to the body 13 of the second drainage hopper 7.

[0097] The first drainage bucket 1 and the second drainage bucket 7 have the same structure, both including a short outlet pipe 11, an anti-vortex device 12, a bucket body 13, and a grid cover 14. The first drainage bucket 1 and the second drainage bucket 7 operate on the same principle.

[0098] The third drainage hopper 8 is a normally open drainage hopper.

[0099] The level sensor 6 is an ultrasonic level gauge or an immersion hydrostatic level gauge. The rain gauge 9 is a WIR30 model rain gauge.

[0100] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the rainwater hopper includes a first drainage hopper 1, a second drainage hopper 7, and at least one third drainage hopper 8.

[0101] Under different rainfall scenarios, drainage systems cannot fully utilize the siphon full-pipe flow efficiency. Based on different actual rainfall conditions, different numbers of rainwater hoppers can be selectively opened to achieve optimal scheduling and control. Real-time monitoring information of water level and rainfall is used as the basis for scheduling and control to ensure that the system forms a complete siphon full-pipe flow without overflow. With the continuous advancement of online monitoring technology, dynamic scheduling and control will have huge application advantages and prospects.

[0102] It should be noted that the controller 20, the first processor 21, the liquid level sensor 6 and the rain gauge 9 mentioned above correspond to steps one to nine in Embodiment 1. The examples and application scenarios implemented by the above modules and the corresponding steps are the same, but are not limited to the content disclosed in Embodiment 1.

[0103] The sequence numbers of the above embodiments of the present invention are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments.

[0104] In the above embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0105] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed technical content can be implemented in other ways. The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for example, the division of units can be a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For instance, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the displayed or discussed mutual coupling, direct coupling, or communication connection may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between units or modules may be electrical or other forms.

[0106] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0107] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0108] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), portable hard drives, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0109] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0110] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modifications, alterations, or equivalent structural changes made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for non-powered siphon drainage of roofs, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step 1: According to the formula Calculate the minimum pipe diameter and helix angle According to the minimum pipe diameter and helix angle Select suitable pipe materials; hollow cross-section inner wall spiral pipes are preferred. Indicates the roof area. Indicates rainfall intensity. Represents gravitational acceleration. This indicates the maximum water depth of the gutter. This represents the roof slope coefficient. This represents the slope coefficient of the gutter. This represents the coefficient of friction of the inner wall of the spiral tube. Indicates the drainage speed of the gutter. Indicates the pipe diameter; Step 2: Construct a sloping gutter on the roof of the building (2); Step 3: Install the first drainage bucket (1), the second drainage bucket (7) and at least one third drainage bucket (8) in the gutter (2). The first drainage bucket (1), the second drainage bucket (7) and at least one third drainage bucket (8) are connected to the suspension pipe (5) through connecting pipes. The suspension pipe (5) is connected to the riser (3) and the drain pipe (4) in sequence. Step 4: Predict rainfall at the target time ; Step 5: Select Execution Strategy: If If so, proceed to step 501; if or Then proceed to step 502; Otherwise, proceed to step 503, where This indicates the water level parameters of the gutter. This represents the first water depth threshold. This indicates the second water depth threshold. Indicates the drainage volume of the gutter; Step 501: Close the first drainage bucket (1) and the second drainage bucket (7); Step 502: Close the first drainage bucket (1); Step 503: The rainwater hopper is fully open. The rainwater hopper includes a first drainage hopper (1), a second drainage hopper (7), and at least one third drainage hopper (8). Step 6: Repeat steps 4 and 5 with a sampling period T as the time interval.

2. The roof non-powered siphon drainage method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step four includes the following steps: Step 101: Set the sampling period and obtain roof rainfall data at each sampling time. and rainfall intensity ; Step 102: with Rainfall intensity at any time and Roof rainfall data at any time As matrix elements, the matrix elements are used as image pixels to obtain a two-dimensional image. The two-dimensional image is then input into a convolutional neural network, which extracts the image features of the two-dimensional image to obtain feature quantities. The feature quantities are then divided into training and test sets. Step 103: Select a convolutional neural network as the rainfall prediction model, define the objective function of the network model, and use the training set as the input to the network model. Roof rainfall at any time As the output value, a convolutional neural network model is selected, and the optimal parameters of the network model are solved to complete the network model training. Step 104: After the rainfall prediction model has been trained, input the test set to evaluate the rainfall prediction model; Step 105: Obtain the current precipitation in real time. and rainfall intensity ; Calculate the characteristic values ​​for the current time according to step 102, and input the characteristic values ​​for the current time into the rainfall prediction model; predict the rainfall at the target time using the rainfall prediction model. .

3. A roof-mounted non-powered siphon drainage method according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step 101, the roof precipitation data within the sampling period T are processed. The distance to the maximum roof rainfall is calculated to obtain data similarity. If the data similarity is greater than a threshold, then the sampling period is considered complete. The rainfall data inside represents the maximum amount of rainwater falling on the roof.

4. A roof-mounted non-powered siphon drainage method according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step 105, according to the formula Calculate the current Rainfall intensity at any time Where A, b, c, and n represent local rainfall parameters, P represents the return period involved, and t represents the duration of rainfall.

5. A roof-mounted non-powered siphon drainage method according to claim 1, characterized in that: ,in Indicates the roof slope. This represents the correction constant. , This indicates the slope of the gutter.

6. A roof-mounted non-powered siphon drainage system, comprising a gutter (2), a riser (3), a drain pipe (4), and a suspension pipe (5), characterized in that: It includes a first drainage hopper (1), a second drainage hopper (7) and at least one third drainage hopper (8), the top of the first drainage hopper (1) is equipped with a first circuit shell (15), the top of the second drainage hopper (7) is equipped with a second circuit shell, and a third circuit shell is provided on the roof. The third circuit housing is equipped with a controller (20), which is connected to a liquid level sensor (6) for detecting the water level information of the gutter (2) and a rain gauge (9) for detecting the amount of rainfall. The first circuit housing (15) is provided with a first electronic circuit board and a first processor (21) integrated on the first electronic circuit board. The output end of the first processor (21) is connected to a first motor drive module (23). The first motor drive module (23) is connected to the first motor. The top of the first circuit housing (15) is provided with a through hole for the first shaft (16) of the first motor to extend out. The end of the first shaft (16) of the first motor is fixedly connected to a first cap (17). The first cap (17) is adapted to the body (13) of the first drainage bucket (1). The second circuit housing is provided with a second electronic circuit board and a second processor (25) integrated on the second electronic circuit board. The output end of the second processor (25) is connected to a second motor drive module (24). The second motor drive module (24) is connected to the second motor. The top of the second circuit housing is provided with a through hole for the shaft of the second motor to extend out. The end of the shaft of the second motor is fixedly connected to a second cap. The second cap is adapted to the body (13) of the second drainage bucket (7).

7. A rooftop non-powered siphon drainage system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The liquid level sensor (6) is an ultrasonic liquid level gauge or an immersion hydrostatic liquid level gauge.

8. A rooftop non-powered siphon drainage system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rain gauge (9) is a WIR30 model rain gauge.

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