Experimental device and method for vertical heterogeneous reservoir model based on Lorentz curve

Abstract

The present invention discloses an experimental device for a longitudinal heterogeneous reservoir model based on the Lorenz curve, which includes a first stratified layer. The first stratified layer includes a first plunger pump, a first injection three-way valve, a first / second intermediate container, a first outflow three-way valve, a first pressure sensor, a first combined injection three-way valve, a longitudinal heterogeneous reservoir model, a first produced liquid volume measurement device, and a first produced liquid mass measurement device connected in sequence. The experimental method for the longitudinal heterogeneous reservoir model based on the Lorenz curve includes: (1) statistically analyzing the longitudinal physical property information of the target reservoir; (2) constructing the heterogeneity Lorenz curve of the target reservoir; (3) building the longitudinal heterogeneous reservoir model; (4) building the experimental device for the longitudinal heterogeneous reservoir model based on the Lorenz curve; (5) designing different well pattern systems, and conducting injection mode design to analyze the influence of different well pattern systems on oilfield development.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of physical simulation experiments for oil and gas field development in petroleum engineering, and in particular to a vertical heterogeneous reservoir model experimental device and method based on a Lorentz curve. Background Art

[0002] Vertical heterogeneity is common in oil reservoirs, which seriously interferes with the development effect of oil reservoirs and destroys the uniform and stable advancement of the water injection profile. It is necessary to adopt reasonable description methods to simply and accurately evaluate the vertical heterogeneity of reservoirs and guide the research on physical simulation experiments of vertical heterogeneous oil reservoir development.

[0003] Common indicators that characterize the vertical heterogeneity distribution of reservoirs include permeability variation coefficient, permeability differential and permeability sudden coefficient. The permeability variation coefficient can more intuitively reflect the degree of deviation of the permeability of each layer from the overall permeability average value. The larger the permeability variation coefficient, the greater the deviation and the worse the permeability heterogeneity; conversely, the smaller the deviation, the better the permeability homogeneity. The permeability differential indicates the degree of difference between the maximum and minimum permeabilities. The closer the differential is to 1, the lower the reservoir heterogeneity, and the larger the differential is, the greater the reservoir heterogeneity. The permeability sudden coefficient indicates the degree of difference between the average permeability and the maximum permeability, and its characteristics are similar to those of the permeability differential.

[0004] The above parameters are used to evaluate the vertical heterogeneity of the reservoir from different angles, but these values ​​are unbounded during the calculation process.

[0005] The Lorenz curve itself was originally a common curve in economics. It was proposed by American statistician Lorenz to study the distribution of national income among citizens. It was originally an indicator for economics to judge income distribution issues. Later, it was used by petroleum geologists to quantitatively describe reservoir heterogeneity. The image of the Lorenz curve is used to calculate the Gini coefficient that reflects reservoir heterogeneity. The Gini coefficient of a completely homogeneous reservoir is 0, the Gini coefficient of an extremely heterogeneous reservoir is 1, and the permeability Gini coefficient of a conventional reservoir is between 0 and 1. As an indicator to describe the degree of reservoir heterogeneity, the Gini coefficient can quantitatively evaluate the longitudinal heterogeneity of the reservoir. Therefore, the design of the vertical heterogeneous reservoir model is based on the Lorenz method. In terms of the curvature of the Lorenz curve, when the permeability of the formation is uniformly distributed, the Lorenz curve appears as a straight line AB with an inclination of 45°, which is the Lorenz curve of the homogeneous reservoir (such as Figure 2 When the reservoir heterogeneity is obvious, the reservoir permeability is mainly concentrated in a certain reservoir thickness, while the permeability contribution of other reservoir thicknesses is negligible, and the Lorenz curve transforms into a broken line ACB. Under normal circumstances, when there is a certain degree of reservoir heterogeneity, the Lorenz curve is mainly expressed as a curve between the broken line ACB and the straight line AB (such as Figure 2(the thick line in). Due to the difference between the heterogeneous Lorenz curve and the homogeneous Lorenz curve, the area enclosed by the heterogeneous Lorenz curve and the homogeneous Lorenz curve and the area enclosed by the homogeneous Lorenz curve and the coordinate axes, that is, the Gini coefficient, is used to measure the heterogeneity, and the degree of reservoir heterogeneity is evaluated.

[0006] The physical model device for developing heterogeneous reservoirs is a multi-layer flat sand-packed model. Conventional flat models are mainly made using single-layer models and cannot effectively simulate vertical heterogeneity. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Object of the Invention: Aiming at the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention discloses an experimental device and method for a vertical heterogeneous reservoir model based on the Lorenz curve. Based on the characteristics of reservoir heterogeneity, the Lorenz curve is used to statistically analyze the vertical permeability distribution of the reservoir, and a set of Lorenz curve classification criteria and solutions for describing reservoir heterogeneity are established. By inverting the Lorenz curve image, the permeability values and their distributions after determining the reservoir permeability classification are obtained. A multi-layer flat sand-packed model is constructed using the number of reservoir permeability layers and the permeability values of each longitudinal layer; the unity of combined injection and separate injection methods is achieved by cleverly designing the experimental process; and by taking advantage of the flat model, the influence of different well pattern types on the development of vertical heterogeneous reservoirs is simulated.

[0008] Technical Solution: The experimental device for a vertical heterogeneous reservoir model based on the Lorenz curve includes a first layer located on the outermost side, where:

[0009] The first layer includes a first plunger pump, which is respectively connected to the inlet end of a first intermediate container and the inlet end of a second intermediate container through a first injection three-way valve. The outlet end of the first intermediate container and the outlet end of the second intermediate container are respectively connected to a first outflow three-way valve. The first outflow three-way valve is externally connected to a first pressure sensor, and the first pressure sensor is connected to a first combined injection three-way valve. The first combined injection three-way valve is connected to the first injection end interface of the vertical heterogeneous reservoir model. The first sensor probe inside the first sand-packed layer of the vertical heterogeneous reservoir model and the data interface external to the sensor probe are used to transmit the data inside the model to the computer in real time. The first outlet end interface of the vertical heterogeneous reservoir model is connected to a first produced liquid volume measuring device through a pipeline, and the first produced liquid volume measuring device is connected to a first produced liquid mass measuring device, where:

[0010] The output end of the first pressure sensor is connected to the input end of the computer for transmitting pressure data to the computer in real time;

[0011] The output ends of the first produced liquid volume measuring device and the first produced liquid mass measuring device are connected to the input end of the computer.

[0012] Further, it also includes at least one intermediate layer located on the intermediate side, where:

[0013] The intermediate layer includes a second plunger pump, which is respectively connected to a third intermediate container and a fourth intermediate container through a second injection three-way valve. The third intermediate container and the fourth intermediate container are respectively connected to a second outflow three-way valve. The second outflow three-way valve is successively connected to a second pressure sensor and a second combined injection four-way valve. The second combined injection four-way valve is connected to the second injection end interface of the longitudinal heterogeneous reservoir model. The data inside the model is transmitted to the computer in real time by using a second sensor probe inside the second sand-packed layer of the longitudinal heterogeneous reservoir model and an external data interface of the sensor probe. The second outlet end interface of the longitudinal heterogeneous reservoir model is connected to a second produced liquid volume measuring device through a pipeline. The second produced liquid volume measuring device is connected to a second produced liquid mass measuring device, where:

[0014] The output end of the second pressure sensor is connected to the input end of the computer for transmitting pressure data to the computer in real time;

[0015] The output end of the second produced liquid volume measuring device and the output end of the second produced liquid mass measuring device are connected to the input end of the computer, where:

[0016] A first combined injection two-way valve is connected between an adjacent first combined injection three-way valve and a second combined injection four-way valve or between two adjacent second combined injection four-way valves.

[0017] Furthermore, it also includes a third layer located on the second outer side, where:

[0018] The third layer includes a third plunger pump, which is respectively connected to a fifth intermediate container and a sixth intermediate container through a third injection three-way valve. The fifth intermediate container and the sixth intermediate container are respectively connected to a third outflow three-way valve. The third outflow three-way valve is successively connected to a third pressure sensor and a third combined injection three-way valve. The third combined injection three-way valve is connected to the third injection end interface of the longitudinal heterogeneous reservoir model. The data inside the model is transmitted to the computer in real time by using a third sensor probe inside the third sand-packed layer of the longitudinal heterogeneous reservoir model and an external data interface of the sensor probe. The third outlet end interface of the longitudinal heterogeneous reservoir model is connected to a third produced liquid volume measuring device through a pipeline. The third produced liquid volume measuring device is connected to a third produced liquid mass measuring device, where:

[0019] The output end of the third pressure sensor is connected to the input end of the computer for transmitting pressure data to the computer in real time;

[0020] The output end of the third produced fluid volume measuring device and the output end of the third produced fluid mass measuring device are connected to the input end of the computer, where:

[0021] The adjacent third combined injection three-way valve and the second combined injection four-way valve are connected by a second combined injection two-way valve.

[0022] An experimental method for a longitudinal heterogeneous reservoir model based on the Lorenz curve includes the following steps:

[0023] (1) Statistically analyze the longitudinal physical property information of the target reservoir, extract the thickness and permeability of each layer, then calculate the permeability per unit reservoir thickness based on the permeability and thickness of each layer, and then sort according to the magnitude of the permeability per unit reservoir thickness;

[0024] (2) After uniformly processing the permeability and thickness parameters, use the cumulative proportion of reservoir thickness as the abscissa and the cumulative permeability contribution rate as the ordinate to construct the heterogeneity Lorenz curve of the target reservoir;

[0025] (3) Design the number of longitudinal layers, obtain the permeability values of each layer, according to the expected number of layers of the longitudinal heterogeneous reservoir model, invert each permeability based on the heterogeneity Lorenz curve as the data selection basis, and use the correction formula to make the permeability of each layer consistent with the actual permeability of each layer of the reservoir, and then build a longitudinal heterogeneous reservoir model;

[0026] (4) Build an experimental device for the longitudinal heterogeneous reservoir model based on the Lorenz curve according to the layering situation of the longitudinal heterogeneous reservoir model;

[0027] (5) Design different well pattern systems through the above experimental device for the longitudinal heterogeneous reservoir model based on the Lorenz curve, and conduct injection mode design to analyze the influence of different well pattern systems on oilfield development.

[0028] Further, in step (1), the calculation of the permeability per unit reservoir thickness based on the permeability and thickness of each layer is carried out using the following formula:

[0029] In the formula:

[0030] h i is the thickness of the i-th layer; K i is the permeability of the i-th layer; L i is the permeability per unit reservoir thickness.

[0031] Further, in step (2), the construction of the Lorenz curve of the target reservoir with the cumulative proportion of reservoir thickness as the abscissa and the cumulative permeability contribution rate as the ordinate is calculated according to the following formula:

[0032] Where:

[0033] x m represents the m-th value of the cumulative proportion of reservoir thickness;

[0034] h i represents the thickness of the i-th layer;

[0035] M represents the number of all vertical layers;

[0036]

[0037] In the formula, y m is the m-th value of the cumulative permeability contribution rate;

[0038] M represents the number of all vertical layers.

[0039] Further, the correction formula in step (3) is:

[0040]

[0041]

[0042] In the formula,

[0043] K n is the permeability value in the n-th layer within the model;

[0044] N is the number of layers designed in the model;

[0045] M is the number of actual vertical reservoir layers;

[0046] y n is the n-th cumulative permeability contribution rate generated after inverting the Lorenz curve according to the abscissa;

[0047] K s is the cumulative permeability.

[0048] Further, in step (5), when setting the injection well pattern for each heterogeneous layer section, 8 wells are set to be connected to the inside of the injection well pattern.

[0049] Further, in step (5), in the vertical heterogeneous reservoir model, probes are buried in each layer to measure physical properties parameters such as fluid saturation. Note that the probes should maintain an insulated state when passing through other layers, and only allow the probes to measure the physical properties of their target layers to avoid interference with each other.

[0050] Further, in step (5), inside the vertical heterogeneous reservoir model, the tightness of each layer is maintained to ensure that each layer is not connected to each other and independent injection and production pipelines are installed.

[0051] Beneficial effects: The experimental device and method for a vertical heterogeneous reservoir model based on the Lorenz curve disclosed by the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0052] When evaluating heterogeneous reservoirs based on the Lorenz curve, all reservoir permeabilities are statistically analyzed and their contribution rates are counted in the total permeability. At the same time, the statistical results of the Lorenz method are between 0 and 1, with boundedness, and can quantitatively evaluate the vertical heterogeneity of reservoirs;

[0053] When inverting the permeability of each layer, an image inversion method is adopted, which is simple and easy to operate. It can accurately find the permeability value of the corresponding layer in a short time and obtain the average permeability of each layer similar to that of the original reservoir. The inverted permeability value can reflect the corresponding actual permeability value, and a vertical heterogeneous reservoir model is established;

[0054] Under the condition of not interrupting the experiment, the unified injection and separate injection methods are realized through a clever experimental process design;

[0055] Under the condition of not interrupting the experiment, the interface positions and quantities of the injection end and the production end are adjusted to simulate different forms of injection-production well patterns and study the influence of different well pattern conditions on the development of heterogeneous reservoirs;

[0056] The vertical heterogeneous reservoir model and the corresponding experimental device involved in the present invention have a high degree of automation, are safe and reliable, simple to operate, can achieve diverse functions, and have a perfect experimental design structure. Description of the drawings

[0057] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the experimental method for a vertical heterogeneous reservoir model based on the Lorenz curve disclosed by the present invention;

[0058] Figure 2 It is a Lorenz curve diagram of the heterogeneity of the reservoir;

[0059] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the experimental device for a vertical heterogeneous reservoir model based on the Lorenz curve disclosed by the present invention;

[0060] Figure 4 It is a front view of the vertical heterogeneous model;

[0061] Figure 5 It is a top view of the vertical heterogeneous model;

[0062] Figure 6 It is a top view of the row-shaped well pattern of the vertical heterogeneous model;

[0063] Figure 7 It is a top view of the four-point well pattern of the vertical heterogeneous model;

[0064] Figure 8 It is a top view of the five-point well pattern of the vertical heterogeneous model;

[0065] Wherein:

[0066]

[0067] Specific embodiments

[0068] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below.

[0069] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be explained that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention, that is, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0070] Therefore, the detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention. Based on the inversion of the Lorenz curve image, a representative permeability distribution of heterogeneous reservoirs is generated, and a longitudinal heterogeneous reservoir model matching the actual reservoir is built using its physical property parameters such as permeability. A combined injection and separate injection conversion system and a real-time automatic monitoring system for production dynamics are designed. By taking advantage of the flat model, various different well patterns are simulated, and a complete set of experimental devices and design methods for longitudinal heterogeneous reservoir models based on the Lorenz curve are formed.

[0071] Embodiment 1

[0072] In this embodiment, the number of layers of the experimental device for the longitudinal heterogeneous reservoir model based on the Lorenz curve is taken as three layers (as Figures 3 - 5 shown), and the experimental device for the longitudinal heterogeneous reservoir model based on the Lorenz curve includes a first layer located on the outermost side, wherein:

[0073] The first layer includes a first plunger pump 1. The first plunger pump 1 is respectively connected to the inlet ends of a first intermediate container 7 and a second intermediate container 8 through a first injection three-way valve 4. The outlet ends of the first intermediate container 7 and the second intermediate container 8 are respectively connected to a first outflow three-way valve 13. The first outflow three-way valve 13 is externally connected to a first pressure sensor 16. The first pressure sensor 16 is connected to a first combined injection three-way valve 21. The first combined injection three-way valve 21 is connected to the first injection end interface 25 of the vertically heterogeneous reservoir model. The first sensor probe 28 inside the first sand-filled layer 31 of the vertically heterogeneous reservoir model and the external data interface 24 of the sensor probe are used to transmit the data in the model to the computer 43 in real time. The first outlet end interface 34 of the vertically heterogeneous reservoir model is connected to a first produced liquid volume measuring device 37 through a pipeline. The first produced liquid volume measuring device 37 is connected to a first produced liquid mass measuring device 40, where:

[0074] The output end of the first pressure sensor 16 is connected to the input end of the computer 43 for transmitting pressure data to the computer 43 in real time;

[0075] The output ends of the first produced liquid volume measuring device 37 and the first produced liquid mass measuring device 40 are connected to the input end of the computer 43.

[0076] Further, there is also an intermediate layer located on the middle side, where:

[0077] The intermediate layer includes a second plunger pump 2. The second plunger pump 2 is respectively connected to a third intermediate container 9 and a fourth intermediate container 10 through a second injection three-way valve 5. The third intermediate container 9 and the fourth intermediate container 10 are respectively connected to a second outflow three-way valve 14. The second outflow three-way valve 14 is successively connected to a second pressure sensor 17 and a second combined injection four-way valve 22. The second combined injection four-way valve 22 is connected to the second injection end interface 26 of the vertically heterogeneous reservoir model. The second sensor probe 29 inside the second sand-filled layer 32 of the vertically heterogeneous reservoir model and the external data interface 24 of the sensor probe are used to transmit the data in the model to the computer 43 in real time. The second outlet end interface 35 of the vertically heterogeneous reservoir model is connected to a second produced liquid volume measuring device 38 through a pipeline. The second produced liquid volume measuring device 38 is connected to a second produced liquid mass measuring device 41, where:

[0078] The output end of the second pressure sensor 17 is connected to the input end of the computer 43 for transmitting pressure data to the computer 43 in real time;

[0079] The output ends of the second produced liquid volume measuring device 38 and the second produced liquid mass measuring device 41 are connected to the input end of the computer 43, where:

[0080] A first combined injection three-way valve 21 and a second combined injection four-way valve 22 adjacent to each other, or two adjacent second combined injection four-way valves 22, are connected by a first combined injection two-way valve 19.

[0081] Furthermore, it also includes a third stratified layer located on the second outer side, where:

[0082] The third stratified layer includes a third plunger pump 3. The third plunger pump 3 is respectively connected to a fifth intermediate container 11 and a sixth intermediate container 12 through a third injection three-way valve 6. The fifth intermediate container 11 and the sixth intermediate container 12 are respectively connected to a third outflow three-way valve 15. The third outflow three-way valve 15 is successively connected to a third pressure sensor 18 and a third combined injection three-way valve 23. The third combined injection three-way valve 23 is connected to a third injection end interface 27 of the vertically heterogeneous reservoir model. The model data is transmitted to a computer 43 in real time by using a third sensor probe 30 inside the third sand-packed layer 33 of the vertically heterogeneous reservoir model and an external data interface 24 of the sensor probe. A third outlet end interface 36 of the vertically heterogeneous reservoir model is connected to a third produced liquid volume measuring device 39 through a pipeline. The third produced liquid volume measuring device 39 is connected to a third produced liquid mass measuring device 42, where:

[0083] The output end of the third pressure sensor 18 is connected to the input end of the computer 43 for transmitting pressure data to the computer 43 in real time;

[0084] The output ends of the third produced liquid volume measuring device 39 and the third produced liquid mass measuring device 42 are connected to the input end of the computer 43, where:

[0085] A third combined injection three-way valve 23 and a second combined injection four-way valve 22 adjacent to each other are connected by a second combined injection two-way valve 20.

[0086] After installation, a first combined injection two-way valve 19 and a second combined injection two-way valve 20 are respectively connected and installed between the first combined injection three-way valve 21, the second combined injection four-way valve 22, and the third combined injection three-way valve 23;

[0087] When the injection method is separate injection, the first combined injection two-way valve 19 and the second combined injection two-way valve 20 are closed, allowing the first combined injection three-way valve 21, the second combined injection four-way valve 22, and the third combined injection three-way valve 23 to advance forward along the pipeline and push the fluid into each layer of the vertically heterogeneous reservoir model respectively;

[0088] When the injection method is combined injection, the first combined injection two-way valve 19 and the second combined injection two-way valve 20 are opened, and the first combined injection three-way valve 21, the second combined injection four-way valve 22 and the third combined injection three-way valve 23 are all opened to allow the fluid to flow freely in the originally non-intersecting pipelines. The fluid is no longer injected separately into the original single layer of the vertical heterogeneous reservoir model, and the layers are mixed and injected with each other, so as to realize the combined injection development of each layer in the vertical heterogeneous reservoir model;

[0089] During the implementation of this embodiment, without interrupting the experiment, the valve states of the first combined injection two-way valve 19 and the second combined injection two-way valve 20 are adjusted to adjust the injection and production sequence to achieve different injection methods such as layered injection, combined layer injection, separate injection to combined injection, and combined injection to separate injection.

[0090] Furthermore, the injection and production methods are adjusted to include: when the injection method is separate injection, the first combined injection two-way valve and the second combined injection two-way valve are closed, and the first combined injection three-way valve, the second combined injection four-way valve and the third combined injection three-way valve are allowed to advance along the straight pipeline to push the fluids into each layer of the longitudinal heterogeneous reservoir model; when the injection method is combined injection, the first combined injection two-way valve and the second combined injection two-way valve are opened, and all valves of the first combined injection three-way valve, the second combined injection four-way valve and the third combined injection three-way valve are opened, and the fluids flow alternately between different pipelines, and the fluids are no longer injected separately into the original single layer of the longitudinal heterogeneous reservoir model, but are mixed and injected between the layers.

[0091] By adjusting the location and number of simulated injection wells and production wells, the effects of different well patterns on the development of vertically heterogeneous reservoirs are studied without interrupting the experiment.

[0092] Example 2

[0093] The vertical heterogeneous reservoir model experimental method based on the Lorenz curve includes the following steps:

[0094] (1) Statistical vertical physical property information of the target reservoir is obtained to extract the thickness and permeability of each layer. Then, the permeability per unit reservoir thickness is calculated based on the permeability and thickness of each layer, and then the permeability per unit reservoir thickness is sorted;

[0095] Table 1 Permeability and thickness distribution of each layer in heterogeneous reservoir

[0096] Serial number Thickness H (m) Permeability K (mD) K / H 1 3 468 156 2 1 128 128 3 1 100 100 4 1.5 72 48 5 2 44 22 6 100 1866 18.66 Accumulative 108.5 2678

[0097] In step (1), the permeability per unit reservoir thickness is calculated based on the permeability and thickness of each layer using the following formula:

[0098]

[0099] In the formula, h iis the thickness of the i-th layer; K i is the permeability of the i-th layer; L i is the permeability per unit reservoir thickness.

[0100] (2) After unifying the permeability and thickness parameters, with the cumulative proportion of reservoir thickness as the abscissa and the cumulative permeability contribution rate as the ordinate, construct the Lorenz curve of the heterogeneity of the target reservoir;

[0101] Calculate the above data according to the following formula:

[0102] Where:

[0103] x m represents the m-th value of the cumulative proportion of reservoir thickness;

[0104] h i represents the thickness of the i-th layer;

[0105] M represents the number of all vertical layers;

[0106] y m is the m-th value of the cumulative permeability contribution rate;

[0107] M represents the number of all vertical layers.

[0108] Take the above x m as the abscissa parameter, and y m as the ordinate parameter, as Figure 2 shown to construct the Lorenz curve of reservoir heterogeneity and the Lorenz curve of homogeneous reservoir;

[0109] Calculate the Gini coefficient using the area enclosed by the heterogeneous Lorenz curve and the homogeneous Lorenz curve and the area enclosed by the homogeneous Lorenz curve and the coordinate axes. The Gini coefficient formula is:

[0110]

[0111] The Gini coefficient calculated from the above Lorenz curve image is 0.1886.

[0112] (3) Design the number of vertical layers, obtain the permeability values of each layer. According to the expected number of layers of the vertical heterogeneous reservoir model, invert each permeability based on the heterogeneous Lorenz curve as the data selection basis, and use the correction formula to make the permeability of each layer consistent with the actual permeability of each layer of the reservoir, and then build a vertical heterogeneous reservoir model; In this embodiment, the number of vertical layers selected is 5, and 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, 100%, etc. are selected for the cumulative proportion of reservoir thickness on the abscissa;

[0113] Furthermore, the correction formula in step (3) is:

[0114]

[0115]

[0116] In the formula,

[0117] K n is the permeability value in the nth layer within the model;

[0118] N is the number of designed layers of the model;

[0119] M is the number of actual reservoir layers in the vertical direction;

[0120] y n is the nth cumulative permeability contribution rate generated after the Lorenz curve is inverted according to the abscissa;

[0121] K s is the cumulative permeability.

[0122] (4) Build the above-mentioned experimental device for the vertical heterogeneous reservoir model based on the Lorenz curve according to the layering situation of the vertical heterogeneous reservoir model;

[0123] (5) Design different well pattern systems through the above-mentioned experimental device for the vertical heterogeneous reservoir model based on the Lorenz curve, and conduct injection mode design to analyze the influence of different well pattern systems on oilfield development.

[0124] Invert the above-mentioned thickness ratio in the heterogeneous Lorenz curve graph to obtain the corresponding cumulative permeability contribution rate. To make the average permeability of each layer in the model consistent with the average permeability of each layer in the actual reservoir, the permeability of each layer after inversion needs to be calculated using the layered permeability calculation formula to correct and calculate the permeability of each layer:

[0125]

[0126]

[0127] Fill in the permeability values of each layer in the vertical heterogeneous reservoir model obtained through the above calculation;

[0128] Table 2 Permeability distribution of each layer in the heterogeneous reservoir model

[0129]

[0130]

[0131] The corrected permeability value of each layer is the permeability value that each heterogeneous layer in the vertical heterogeneous reservoir model should reach after filling.

[0132] Further, in step (5), when setting the injection well pattern for each heterogeneous layer section, 8 wells are set to be internally connected to the injection well pattern.

[0133] Further, in step (5), in the longitudinal heterogeneous reservoir model, probes are buried in each layer to measure physical property parameters such as fluid saturation. Note that the probes should maintain an insulated state when passing through other layers, and only allow the probes to measure the physical properties of their target layers to avoid interference with each other.

[0134] Further, in step (5), inside the longitudinal heterogeneous reservoir model, the tightness of each layer is maintained to ensure that each layer is not interconnected and independent injection and production pipelines are installed.

[0135] Example 3

[0136] For the longitudinal heterogeneous reservoir model experiment device based on the Lorenz curve as in Example 1, adjust the positions of each injection well and production well to study the influence of different well patterns on the development of heterogeneous reservoirs;

[0137] As Figure 6 shown, for the row well pattern, take the first single layer of the longitudinal heterogeneous reservoir model as an example. Select the middle interface of the first injection end interface 25 as the injection well, and select the two end interfaces of the first outlet end interface 34 as the production wells.

[0138] As Figure 7 shown, for the four-point method well pattern, take the first single layer of the longitudinal heterogeneous reservoir model as an example. Select the middle interface of the first injection end interface 25 as the injection well, and select the middle interface of the upper boundary and the middle interface of the right boundary of the first outlet end interface 34 as the production wells.

[0139] As Figure 8 shown, for the five-point method well pattern, take the first single layer of the longitudinal heterogeneous reservoir model as an example. Select the corner interface of the first injection end interface 25 as the injection well, and select the diagonal interface of the first outlet end interface 34 as the production well.

[0140] The above has made a detailed description of the implementation manner of the present invention. However, the present invention is not limited to the above implementation manner, and various changes can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention within the knowledge scope of those of ordinary skill in the art.

Claims

1. An experimental device for a longitudinal heterogeneous reservoir model based on the Lorenz curve, characterized in that, It includes a first layer located on the first outer side, where: The first layer includes a first plunger pump, which is respectively connected to the inlet end of the first intermediate container and the inlet end of the second intermediate container through a first injection three-way valve. The outlet end of the first intermediate container and the outlet end of the second intermediate container are respectively connected to a first outflow three-way valve. The first outflow three-way valve is externally connected to a first pressure sensor, and the first pressure sensor is connected to a first combined injection three-way valve. The first combined injection three-way valve is connected to the first injection end interface of the longitudinal heterogeneous reservoir model. The first sensor probe inside the first sand-packed layer of the longitudinal heterogeneous reservoir model and the external data interface of the sensor probe are used to transmit the data in the model to the computer in real time. The first outlet end interface of the longitudinal heterogeneous reservoir model is connected to a first produced liquid volume measuring device through a pipeline. The first produced liquid volume measuring device is connected to a first produced liquid mass measuring device, where: The output end of the first pressure sensor is connected to the input end of the computer for transmitting pressure data to the computer in real time; The output end of the first produced liquid volume measuring device and the output end of the first produced liquid mass measuring device are connected to the input end of the computer; A first combined injection two-way valve is connected between the adjacent first combined injection three-way valve and the second combined injection four-way valve; The steps for building the experimental device of the longitudinal heterogeneous reservoir model based on the Lorenz curve are as follows: (1) Statistically analyze the longitudinal physical property information of the target reservoir, extract the thickness and permeability of each layer, then calculate the permeability per unit reservoir thickness based on the permeability and thickness of each layer, and then sort according to the magnitude of the permeability per unit reservoir thickness; (2) After uniformly processing the permeability and thickness parameters, construct the heterogeneity Lorenz curve of the target reservoir with the cumulative proportion of reservoir thickness as the abscissa and the cumulative permeability contribution rate as the ordinate; (3) Design the number of longitudinal layers, obtain the permeability values of each layer. According to the expected number of layers of the longitudinal heterogeneous reservoir model, invert each permeability based on the heterogeneity Lorenz curve as the data selection basis, and use the correction formula to make the permeability of each layer consistent with the actual permeability of each layer of the reservoir, and then build the longitudinal heterogeneous reservoir model; (4) Build the experimental device of the longitudinal heterogeneous reservoir model based on the Lorenz curve according to the layering situation of the longitudinal heterogeneous reservoir model; where: The correction formula in step (3) is: In the formula, K n is the permeability value within the n-th layer of the model; N is the number of layers designed for the model; M is the number of actual longitudinal reservoir layers; y n is the nth cumulative permeability contribution rate generated after the Lorenz curve is inverted according to the abscissa; K s is the cumulative permeability.

2. The experimental device for a longitudinal heterogeneous reservoir model based on the Lorenz curve according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes at least one intermediate layer located on the intermediate side, where: The middle layer includes a second plunger pump. The second plunger pump is connected to a third intermediate container and a fourth intermediate container respectively through a second injection three-way valve. The third intermediate container and the fourth intermediate container are respectively connected to a second outflow three-way valve. The second outflow three-way valve is sequentially connected to a second pressure sensor and a second combined injection four-way valve. The second combined injection four-way valve is connected to the second injection end interface of the vertical heterogeneous reservoir model. The data in the model is transmitted to the computer in real time by using a second sensor probe inside the second sand-filled layer of the vertical heterogeneous reservoir model and an external data interface of the sensor probe. The second outlet end interface of the vertical heterogeneous reservoir model is connected to a second produced liquid volume measuring device through a pipeline. The second produced liquid volume measuring device is connected to a second produced liquid mass measuring device, where: The output end of the second pressure sensor is connected to the input end of the computer for transmitting pressure data to the computer in real time; The output ends of the second produced liquid volume measuring device and the second produced liquid mass measuring device are connected to the input end of the computer, where: Two adjacent second combined injection four-way valves are connected through a first combined injection two-way valve.

3. The experimental device for a longitudinal heterogeneous reservoir model based on the Lorenz curve according to claim 2, characterized in that, It further includes a third layer located on the second outer side, where: The third layer includes a third plunger pump. The third plunger pump is connected to a fifth intermediate container and a sixth intermediate container respectively through a third injection three-way valve. The fifth intermediate container and the sixth intermediate container are respectively connected to a third outflow three-way valve. The third outflow three-way valve is sequentially connected to a third pressure sensor and a third combined injection three-way valve. The third combined injection three-way valve is connected to the third injection end interface of the vertical heterogeneous reservoir model. The data in the model is transmitted to the computer in real time by using a third sensor probe inside the third sand-filled layer of the vertical heterogeneous reservoir model and an external data interface of the sensor probe. The third outlet end interface of the vertical heterogeneous reservoir model is connected to a third produced liquid volume measuring device through a pipeline. The third produced liquid volume measuring device is connected to a third produced liquid mass measuring device, where: The output end of the third pressure sensor is connected to the input end of the computer for transmitting pressure data to the computer in real time; The output ends of the third produced liquid volume measuring device and the third produced liquid mass measuring device are connected to the input end of the computer, where: A second combined injection two-way valve is connected between an adjacent third combined injection three-way valve and the second combined injection four-way valve.

4. An experimental method for a longitudinal heterogeneous reservoir model based on the Lorenz curve, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: (1) Statistically analyze the vertical physical property information of the target reservoir, extract the thickness and permeability of each layer, then calculate the permeability per unit reservoir thickness according to the permeability and thickness of each layer, and then sort according to the magnitude of the permeability value per unit reservoir thickness; (2) After uniformly processing the permeability and thickness parameters, with the cumulative proportion of reservoir thickness as the abscissa and the cumulative permeability contribution rate as the ordinate, construct the Lorenz curve of the heterogeneity of the target reservoir; (3) Design the number of vertical layers, obtain the permeability values of each layer, and based on the expected number of layers of the vertical heterogeneous reservoir model, invert each permeability with the Lorentz curve of heterogeneity as the data selection basis, and use the correction formula to make the permeability of each layer consistent with the actual permeability of each layer of the reservoir, and then build a vertical heterogeneous reservoir model; (4) Build an experimental device for the vertical heterogeneous reservoir model based on the Lorentz curve according to the layering of the vertical heterogeneous reservoir model; (5) Design different well pattern systems through the above experimental device for the vertical heterogeneous reservoir model based on the Lorentz curve, and conduct injection mode design, and analyze the impact of different well pattern systems on oilfield development, where: The correction formula in step (3) is: In the formula, K n is the permeability value within the n-th layer in the model; N is the number of layers designed in the model; M is the number of layers of the actual vertical reservoir; y n It is the nth cumulative permeability contribution rate generated after the Lorenz curve is inverted according to the abscissa; K s is the cumulative permeability.

5. The experimental method for the vertical heterogeneous reservoir model based on the Lorenz curve according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step (1), the permeability per unit reservoir thickness calculated according to the permeability and thickness of each layer is carried out using the following formula: In the formula: h i is the thickness of the i-th layer; K i is the permeability of the i-th layer; L i is the permeability per unit reservoir thickness.

6. The experimental method for the vertical heterogeneous reservoir model based on the Lorenz curve according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step (2), with the cumulative proportion of reservoir thickness as the abscissa and the cumulative permeability contribution rate as the ordinate, the Lorentz curve of the target reservoir is constructed and calculated according to the following formula: Wherein: x m represents the m-th value of the cumulative proportion of reservoir thickness; h i represents the thickness of the i-th layer; M represents the number of all vertical layers; where y m is the m-th value of the cumulative permeability contribution rate; M represents the number of all vertical layers.

7. The experimental method for the vertical heterogeneous reservoir model based on the Lorenz curve according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step (5), when setting the injection well pattern for each heterogeneous layer section, 8 wells are set to be connected to the inside of the injection well pattern.

8. The experimental method for the vertical heterogeneous reservoir model based on the Lorenz curve according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step (5), in the vertical heterogeneous reservoir model, probes are buried in each layer to measure physical properties such as fluid saturation. Note that the probes remain insulated when passing through other layers, and only allow the probes to measure the physical properties of their target layers to avoid interference with each other.

9. The experimental method for the vertical heterogeneous reservoir model based on the Lorenz curve according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step (5), inside the vertical heterogeneous reservoir model, the tightness of each layer is maintained to ensure that each layer is not connected to each other and independent injection and production pipelines are installed.

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