Method and apparatus for transmitting uplink channel in wireless communication system

Abstract

A method for a terminal to transmit an uplink channel in a wireless communication system includes the steps of: receiving first information from a base station, the first information being information related to a time division duplex (TDD) configuration; and repeatedly transmitting the uplink channel to the base station on resources determined based on the first information.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This specification relates to a wireless communication system, and more specifically, to a method and apparatus for transmitting an uplink channel. Background Technology

[0002] Following the commercialization of fourth-generation (4G) communication systems, efforts are underway to develop new fifth-generation (5G) communication systems to meet the increasing demand for wireless data services. 5G communication systems are also referred to as post-4G network communication systems, post-LTE systems, or new radio (NR) systems. To achieve high data transmission rates, 5G communication systems include systems operating in 6 GHz or higher millimeter-wave (mmWave) frequency bands, and systems operating in 6 GHz or lower frequency bands are also being considered to ensure coverage. The implementation methods in base stations and terminals are being considered.

[0003] The 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) NR system improves network spectral efficiency and enables communication providers to offer more data and voice services on a given bandwidth. Therefore, the 3GPP NR system is designed to meet the demand for high-speed data and media transmission in addition to supporting a large volume of voice traffic. The advantages of the NR system include higher throughput and lower latency on the same platform, support for Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) and Time Division Duplex (TDD), and lower operating costs due to the enhanced end-user environment and simpler architecture. For more efficient data processing, the NR system's dynamic TDD can use methods to change the number of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols that can be used in the uplink and downlink based on the data traffic direction of the cell's users. For example, when downlink traffic in a cell is greater than uplink traffic, the base station can allocate multiple downlink OFDM symbols to a time slot (or subframe). Information regarding the time slot configuration should be sent to the terminal.

[0004] To mitigate path loss and increase transmission distance in the mmWave band, beamforming, massive MIMO, full-dimensional MIMO (FD-MIMO), array antennas, analog beamforming, hybrid beamforming combining analog and digital beamforming, and massive MIMO technologies are discussed in 5G communication systems. Furthermore, for network improvements, technologies related to evolved small cells, advanced small cells, cloud radio access networks (cloud RAN), ultra-dense networks, device-to-device (D2D) communication, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, wireless backhaul, non-terrestrial network communication (NTN), mobile networks, cooperative communication, coordinated multipoint (CoMP), and interference cancellation are being developed in 5G communication systems. Additionally, hybrid FSK and QAM modulation (FQAM) and sliding window superposition coding (SWSC) are being developed as advanced coding and modulation (ACM) schemes, while filter bank multicarrier (FBMC), non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA), and sparse code multiple access (SCMA) are being developed as advanced connectivity technologies in 5G systems.

[0005] Simultaneously, within the human-centric network of interconnected networks where humans generate and consume information, the Internet has evolved into the Internet of Things (IoT) network, which exchanges information between distributed components such as objects. The Internet of Everything (IoE) technology, combining IoT with big data processing through connections to cloud servers, is also emerging. Realizing IoT requires technological elements such as sensing technology, wired / wireless communication and network infrastructure, service interface technology, and security technology. This has led to the recent research into technologies such as sensor networks, machine-to-machine (M2M), and machine-type communication (MTC) to connect objects. In the IoT environment, intelligent Internet of Things (IT) services can be provided, collecting and analyzing data generated from connected objects to create new value in human life. Through the integration and hybridization of existing information technology (IT) with various industries, IoT can be applied to areas such as smart homes, smart buildings, smart cities, smart cars or connected cars, smart grids, healthcare, smart appliances, and advanced medical services.

[0006] Therefore, various attempts have been made to apply 5G communication systems to IoT networks. For example, technologies such as sensor networks, machine-to-machine (M2M), and machine-type communication (MTC) are implemented using techniques such as beamforming, MIMO, and array antennas. The application of cloud RAN as a big data processing technology is an example of the convergence of 5G and IoT technologies. Typically, mobile communication systems are developed to provide voice services while ensuring user activity.

[0007] However, mobile communication systems are not only expanding their voice services but also their data services, and have now evolved to the point of providing high-speed data services. However, due to resource shortages and users' demands for high-speed services, more advanced mobile communication systems are needed within the current mobile communication systems providing services. Summary of the Invention

[0008] Technical issues

[0009] This specification is intended to provide a method and apparatus for transmitting an uplink channel in a wireless communication system.

[0010] Technical solution

[0011] This specification provides a method and apparatus for transmitting an uplink channel in a wireless communication system.

[0012] A method for performing uplink channel transmission in a wireless communication system, the method being performed by a terminal, comprising: receiving first information from a base station, the first information being information related to time division duplex (TDD) configuration, wherein the first information includes information about the type of symbols constituting time slots, and the type of symbols includes one of the following: downlink symbols configured for use in downlink transmission, uplink symbols configured for use in uplink transmission, and flexible symbols configured to be neither downlink symbols nor uplink symbols; and repeatedly transmitting the uplink channel to the base station on resources determined based on the first information, wherein the uplink channel is repeatedly transmitted on a first hop and a second hop, each of the first hop and the second hop being configured by bundling a pre-configured number of time slots for uplink channel transmission, the time slots for uplink channel transmission including uplink symbols, each of the first hop and the second hop including consecutive time slots in the time domain, and transmitting each of the first hop and the second hop on different physical resource blocks (PRBs) via frequency hopping.

[0013] In this specification, the method further includes: receiving information about a time-domain window from a base station, wherein the time-domain window is configured based on the information about the time-domain window.

[0014] A terminal for transmitting an uplink channel in a wireless communication system includes: a transceiver; and a processor configured to control the transceiver, wherein the processor is configured to: receive first information from a base station, the first information being information related to time division duplex (TDD) configuration, wherein the first information includes information about the type of symbols constituting time slots, and the type of symbols includes one of the following: downlink symbols configured for downlink transmission, uplink symbols configured for uplink transmission, and flexible symbols configured to be neither downlink symbols nor uplink symbols; and repeatedly transmit the uplink channel to the base station on resources determined based on the first information, wherein the uplink channel is repeatedly transmitted on a first hop and a second hop, each of the first hop and the second hop being configured by bundling a pre-configured number of time slots for uplink channel transmission, the time slots for uplink channel transmission including uplink symbols, each of the first hop and the second hop including consecutive time slots in the time domain, and transmitting each of the first hop and the second hop on different physical resource blocks (PRBs) via frequency hopping.

[0015] In this specification, the processor is configured to receive information about a time-domain window from a base station, wherein the time-domain window is configured based on the information about the time-domain window.

[0016] In this specification, the pre-configured number is received from the base station.

[0017] In this specification, time slots included in the first hop are indexed with the same index, and time slots included in the second hop are indexed with the same index.

[0018] In this specification, if the number of consecutive time slots used for uplink channel transmission is less than the pre-configured number, the first hop or the second hop includes fewer than the pre-configured number of consecutive time slots.

[0019] In this specification, the time slots used for uplink channel transmission include uplink symbols and flexible symbols.

[0020] In this specification, the first hop includes a first time slot and a second time slot. The first time slot includes a first demodulation reference signal (DM-RS), and the second time slot includes a second DM-RS. The first DM-RS and the second DM-RS are transmitted in the frequency domain on the same number of PRB resources starting from the same PRB position, and are transmitted using the same phase, the same transmit power, the same quasi-co-address (QCL), and the same beamforming. The second hop includes a third time slot and a fourth time slot. The third time slot includes a third DM-RS, and the fourth time slot includes a fourth DM-RS. The third DM-RS and the fourth DM-RS are transmitted in the frequency domain on the same number of PRB resources starting from the same PRB position, and are transmitted using the same phase, the same transmit power, the same quasi-co-address (QCL), and the same beamforming.

[0021] In this specification, at least one of the downlink symbols or flexible symbols exists between the last symbol to which the repeatedly transmitted uplink channel is mapped in the first time slot and the first symbol to which the repeatedly transmitted uplink channel is mapped in the second time slot, and at least one of the downlink symbols or flexible symbols exists between the last symbol to which the repeatedly transmitted uplink channel is mapped in the third time slot and the first symbol to which the repeatedly transmitted uplink channel is mapped in the fourth time slot.

[0022] In this specification, the uplink channel is either the Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) or the Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH).

[0023] In this specification, the uplink channel is transmitted within the time domain window.

[0024] In this specification, information about the time-domain window includes one of the following: the number of time slots, the number of symbols, and the number of retransmissions for the uplink channel.

[0025] In this specification, the time-domain window is the time from the start of repeated transmission of the uplink channel to the end of repeated transmission of the uplink channel.

[0026] In this specification, a time-domain window includes consecutive time slots in the time domain, which include at least one of an uplink symbol and a flexible symbol.

[0027] In this specification, the time domain window includes a first time domain window and a second time domain window. The first time domain window is configured to correspond to a first pattern, and the second time domain window is configured to correspond to a second pattern. The first pattern and the second pattern include multiple time slots, and the multiple time slot configurations used to configure each of the first pattern and the second pattern are different from each other.

[0028] In this specification, the DM-RS included in the corresponding multiple time slots constituting the first pattern are transmitted in the frequency domain on the same number of PRB resources starting from the same PRB position, and are transmitted using the same phase, the same transmit power, the same quasi-co-location (QCL), and the same beamforming. Similarly, the DM-RS included in the corresponding multiple time slots constituting the second pattern are transmitted in the frequency domain on the same number of PRB resources starting from the same PRB position, and are transmitted using the same phase, the same transmit power, the same quasi-co-location (QCL), and the same beamforming.

[0029] A method for receiving an uplink channel in a wireless communication system, the method being performed by a base station, comprising: transmitting first information to a terminal, the first information being information related to a time division duplex (TDD) configuration, wherein the first information includes information about the type of symbols constituting time slots, and the type of symbols includes one of the following: downlink symbols configured for downlink transmission, uplink symbols configured for uplink transmission, and flexible symbols configured to be neither downlink symbols nor uplink symbols; and receiving from the terminal an uplink channel repeatedly transmitted on resources determined based on the first information, wherein the uplink channel is repeatedly transmitted on a first hop and a second hop, each of the first hop and the second hop being configured by bundling a pre-configured number of time slots for uplink channel transmission, the time slots for uplink channel transmission including uplink symbols, each of the first hop and the second hop including consecutive time slots in the time domain, and each of the first hop and the second hop being transmitted on different physical resource blocks (PRBs) via frequency hopping.

[0030] Beneficial effects

[0031] The purpose of this specification is to transmit the uplink channel via frequency hopping.

[0032] The purpose of this specification is to provide a method for transmitting DMRS in conjunction with channel estimation via an uplink channel.

[0033] The purpose of this specification is to provide a method for determining a time-domain window in which DMRS is transmitted in combination for channel estimation.

[0034] The effects that can be obtained in this specification are not limited to those mentioned above, and other effects not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art to which this disclosure pertains based on the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This diagram illustrates an example of a wireless frame structure used in a wireless communication system.

[0036] Figure 2 This diagram illustrates an example of a downlink (DL) / uplink (UL) timeslot structure in a wireless communication system.

[0037] Figure 3 This is a diagram used to illustrate the physical channels used in 3GPP systems and typical signal transmission methods using those physical channels.

[0038] Figure 4a and Figure 4b The diagram illustrates the SS / PBCH block used for initial cell access in a 3GPP NR system.

[0039] Figure 5a and Figure 5b The diagram illustrates the process of transmitting control information and control channels in a 3GPP NR system.

[0040] Figure 6 The diagram shows a control resource set (CORESET) in a 3GPP NR system that can transmit the Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH).

[0041] Figure 7 The diagram illustrates a method for configuring the PDCCH search space in a 3GPP NR system.

[0042] Figure 8 This is a conceptual diagram illustrating carrier aggregation.

[0043] Figure 9 This diagram is used to illustrate signal carrier communication and multi-carrier communication.

[0044] Figure 10 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the application of cross-carrier scheduling technology.

[0045] Figure 11 This is a block diagram illustrating the configuration of a UE and a base station according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0046] Figure 12 The illustration shows a method for scheduling a physical uplink shared channel in the time domain according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0047] Figure 13 The illustration shows a method for scheduling a physical uplink shared channel in the frequency domain according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0048] Figure 14 The illustration shows repeated transmission of a physical uplink shared channel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0049] Figure 15 The figure illustrates a method for scheduling the physical uplink control channel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0050] Figure 16 The illustration shows the repeated transmission of the physical uplink control channel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0051] Figure 17 The illustration depicts a problem that occurs when a terminal repeatedly sends PUSCH in a TDD situation, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0052] Figure 18 The illustration depicts a problem that occurs when a terminal repeatedly sends PUCCH in a TDD situation, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0053] Figure 19 The illustration shows a method for repeatedly transmitting a combination of PUSCH according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0054] Figure 20 The illustration shows a method for repeatedly transmitting a combination of PUSCH according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0055] Figures 21 to 26 The illustration shows a frequency hopping method for repeatedly transmitting PUSCH according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0056] Figure 27 The illustration illustrates a method for determining the location of symbols to which DMRS, included in repeatedly transmitted PUSCH, is mapped, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0057] Figures 28 to 30 The illustration shows a repeated PUCCH transmission method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0058] Figure 31 and Figure 32 The illustration shows a frequency hopping method for repeatedly transmitting PUSCH according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0059] Figure 33 The illustration shows a method for repeatedly sending PUCCH resources according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0060] Figure 34 The illustration shows the transmission of repeatedly transmitted PUCCHs in the same symbol according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0061] Figures 35 to 37 The illustration shows the transmission of repeatedly transmitted PUCCHs in different symbols according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0062] Figure 38 The illustration shows a scenario where the same number of PRBs are configured for each repeatedly transmitted PUCCH according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0063] Figure 39 and Figure 40The illustration shows a PRB configured for DMRS transmission for each repeatedly transmitted PUCCH according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0064] Figure 41 The illustration shows the repeated transmission of PUSCH according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0065] Figure 42 and Figure 43 The illustration shows a method for reusing repeatedly transmitted PUSCH and including UCI in repeatedly transmitted PUSCH according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0066] Figure 44 The illustration shows the cancellation of repeatedly transmitted PUSCH transmissions based on repeatedly transmitted PUCCH according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0067] Figure 45 The illustration shows a PUCCH being repeatedly transmitted according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0068] Figure 46 The illustration shows repeatedly transmitted PUCCH and intra-slot frequency hopping according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0069] Figure 47 The illustration shows repeatedly transmitted PUCCH and inter-slot frequency hopping according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0070] Figures 48 to 53 The illustration shows a method for determining a time slot index for repetition during PUCCH transmission via frequency hopping, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0071] Figures 54 to 59 The illustration shows a method for mapping PUCCH repetitions to frequency hops according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0072] Figure 60 The illustration shows the scheduling of a physical uplink shared channel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0073] Figure 61 The diagram illustrates the scheduling of multiple physical uplink shared channels according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0074] Figure 62 The figure illustrates a method for determining a time-domain window according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0075] Figures 63 to 66 The illustration shows a method for indicating a time-domain window according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0076] Figure 67 and Figure 68 The illustration shows a method for determining a time-domain window in the case of carrier aggregation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0077] Figures 69 to 74 The figure illustrates a method for configuring a time-domain window according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0078] Figure 75 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for transmitting an uplink channel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0079] The terminology used in this specification adopts, as far as possible, commonly used terms that are widely used in light of the functions of this invention; however, these terms may be modified according to the intent, practice, and emergence of new technologies of those skilled in the art. Furthermore, in certain cases, there are terms arbitrarily chosen by the applicant, and in such cases, their meaning will be described in the corresponding descriptive section of this invention. Therefore, it is intended to reveal that the terminology used in this specification should not be analyzed solely based on its name, but rather on its substantive meaning within the entire specification.

[0080] Throughout the specification and subsequent claims, when an element is described as being “connected” to another element, that element may be “directly connected” to the other element or “electrically connected” to the other element via a third element. Furthermore, unless explicitly stated otherwise, the word “comprising” will be understood to imply the inclusion of the stated element without implying the exclusion of any other elements. Additionally, in some exemplary embodiments, limitations such as “greater than or equal to” or “less than or equal to” based on a specific threshold may be appropriately replaced with “greater than” or “less than”, respectively.

[0081] The following technologies can be used in various wireless access systems: such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), and Single Carrier-FDMA (SC-FDMA). CDMA can be implemented using wireless technologies such as Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) or CDMA2000. TDMA can be implemented using wireless technologies such as Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), and Enhanced Data Rate GSM Evolution (EDGE). OFDMA can be implemented using wireless technologies such as IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802-20, and Evolved UTRA (E-UTRA). UTRA is part of the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS). The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Long Term Evolution (LTE) is part of Evolved UMTS (E-UMTS) using Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA), and LTE Advanced (A) is an evolved version of 3GPP LTE. 3GPP New Radio (NR) is a system designed separately from LTE / LTE-A and is intended to support Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB), Ultra-Reliable Low Latency Communication (URLLC), and Massive Machine-Type Communication (mMTC) services as required by IMT-2020. For clarity, 3GPP NR is described primarily, but the technical concept of this invention is not limited thereto.

[0082] Unless otherwise specified in this specification, a base station may refer to a next-generation node B (gNB) as defined in 3GPP NR. Furthermore, unless otherwise stated, a terminal may refer to a user equipment (UE). In the following, for the purpose of facilitating understanding of the description, each element is separately divided into embodiments and described, but each of the embodiments may be used in conjunction with each other. In this disclosure, the configuration of the UE may be instructive of the configuration by the base station. Specifically, the base station may transmit channels or signals to the UE to configure parameter values ​​used in the UE's operation or wireless communication system.

[0083] Figure 1 This diagram illustrates an example of a wireless frame structure used in a wireless communication system.

[0084] refer to Figure 1 The radio frames (or radio frames) used in 3GPP NR systems can have a duration of 10ms (Δf). max N f / 100)*T c The length of the radio frame is Δf. Furthermore, a radio frame consists of 10 equal-sized subframes (SF). Here, Δf... max =480*103 Hz, N f =4096, T c =1 / (Δf) ref *N f,ref ), Δf ref =15*10 3 Hz, and N f,ref =2048. Numbers from 0 to 9 can be assigned to 10 subframes within a single radio frame. Each subframe is 1ms long and can include one or more time slots depending on the subcarrier spacing. More specifically, in 3GPP NR systems, the usable subcarrier spacing is 15*2. μ The subcarrier spacing can be configured as μ = 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4. That is, 15 kHz, 30 kHz, 60 kHz, 120 kHz, and 240 kHz can be used for subcarrier spacing. A subframe of 1 ms length can include 2... μ There are 2 time slots. In this case, the length of each time slot is 2. -μ ms. This can range from 0 to 2. μ The number -1 is assigned to 2 within a subframe. μ Each time slot. Furthermore, slots from 0 to 10*2 can be allocated. μ The number -1 is assigned to a time slot within a radio frame. Time resources can be distinguished by at least one of the radio frame number (also known as the radio frame index), subframe number (also known as the subframe index), and time slot number (or time slot index).

[0085] Figure 2 This diagram illustrates an example of a downlink (DL) / uplink (UL) timeslot structure in a wireless communication system. Specifically, Figure 2 The structure of the resource grid of the 3GPP NR system is shown.

[0086] Each online port has a resource grid. (See reference) Figure 2 A time slot comprises multiple Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols in the time domain and multiple Resource Blocks (RBs) in the frequency domain. An OFDM symbol also refers to a symbol interval. Unless otherwise specified, an OFDM symbol may be simply referred to as a symbol. An RB comprises 12 consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. (See reference...) Figure 2 The signal transmitted from each time slot can be composed of N size,μ grid,x *N RB sc Subcarriers and N slot symb The resource grid of OFDM symbols is used for representation. Here, x = DL when the signal is a DL signal, and x = UL when the signal is a UL signal. Nsize,μ grid,x This represents the number of resource blocks (RBs) based on the subcarrier spacing component μ (x is DL or UL), and N slot symb Indicates the number of OFDM symbols in the time slot. N RB sc It is the number of subcarriers that make up an RB and N RB sc =12. OFDM symbols can be referred to as cyclic shift OFDM (CP-OFDM) symbols or discrete Fourier transform extended OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) symbols according to the multiple access scheme.

[0087] The number of OFDM symbols included in a time slot can vary depending on the length of the cyclic prefix (CP). For example, with normal CP, a time slot includes 14 OFDM symbols, but with extended CP, a time slot can include 12 OFDM symbols. In certain embodiments, extended CP can only be used with a 60 kHz subcarrier spacing. Figure 2 For ease of description, as an example, a time slot is configured with 14 OFDM symbols; however, embodiments of this disclosure can be applied in a similar manner to time slots with different numbers of OFDM symbols. References Figure 2 Each OFDM symbol includes N in the frequency domain. size,μ grid,x *N RB sc Subcarriers can be categorized into data subcarriers for data transmission, reference signal subcarriers for reference signal transmission, and guard bands. The carrier frequency is also known as the center frequency (fc).

[0088] An RB can be composed of N in the frequency domain RB sc (For example, 12) consecutive subcarriers are defined. For reference, a resource configured with one OFDM symbol and one subcarrier can be called a resource element (RE) or tone. Therefore, an RB can be configured with N slot symb *N RB sc Each resource element in the resource grid can be uniquely defined by a pair of indices (k, l) in a time slot. k can be from 0 to N in the frequency domain. size,μ grid,x *N RB sc -1 is the index assigned, and l can be from 0 to N in the time domain. slot symb -1 The index assigned.

[0089] To enable the UE to receive or transmit signals from the base station, the UE's time / frequency can be synchronized with the base station's time / frequency. This is because when the base station and the UE are synchronized, the UE can determine the necessary time and frequency parameters to demodulate the DL signal and transmit the UL signal at the correct time.

[0090] Each symbol of a radio frame used in Time Division Duplex (TDD) or unpaired spectrum can be configured with at least one of DL symbol, UL symbol, and flexible symbol. Radio frames used as DL carriers in Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) or paired spectrum can be configured with either DL symbol or flexible symbol, while radio frames used as UL carriers can be configured with either UL symbol or flexible symbol. In a DL symbol, DL transmission is possible, but UL transmission is not. In a UL symbol, UL transmission is possible, but DL transmission is not. A flexible symbol can be determined as being used as either DL or UL based on the signal.

[0091] Information regarding the type of each symbol—that is, information indicating any of DL symbols, UL symbols, and flexible symbols—can be configured using cell-specific or public Radio Resource Control (RRC) signals. Furthermore, information regarding the type of each symbol can be additionally configured using UE-specific or dedicated RRC signals. The base station uses cell-specific RRC signals to inform i) the period of the cell-specific time slot configuration, ii) the number of time slots containing only DL symbols from the beginning of the cell-specific time slot configuration period, iii) the number of DL symbols starting from the first symbol of the time slot immediately following a time slot containing only DL symbols, iv) the number of time slots containing only UL symbols from the end of the cell-specific time slot configuration period, and v) the number of UL symbols starting from the last symbol of the time slot immediately preceding a time slot containing only UL symbols. Here, a symbol not configured with either UL or DL ​​symbols is a flexible symbol.

[0092] When information about symbol type is configured using UE-specific RRC signals, the base station can use cell-specific RRC signals to signal whether a flexible symbol is a DL symbol or a UL symbol. In this case, the UE-specific RRC signals cannot change a DL symbol or UL symbol configured using cell-specific RRC signals to another symbol type. The UE-specific RRC signals can signal the corresponding N of each time slot. slot symb The number of DL symbols in each symbol and the corresponding time slot N slot symbThe number of UL symbols among the symbols. In this case, the DL symbols of the time slot can be continuously configured from the first symbol to the i-th symbol of the time slot. In addition, the UL symbols of the time slot can be continuously configured from the j-th symbol to the last symbol of the time slot (where i < j). In a time slot, a symbol that is not configured with any of the UL symbols and DL symbols is a flexible symbol.

[0093] The type of symbol configured with the above RRC signal can be referred to as a semi-static DL / UL configuration. In the semi-static DL / UL configuration previously configured with the RRC signal, the flexible symbol can be indicated as a DL symbol, a UL symbol, or a flexible symbol by the dynamic time slot format information (SFI) sent on the physical DL control channel (PDCCH). In this case, the DL symbol or UL symbol configured with the RRC signal does not change to another symbol type. Table 1 illustrates the dynamic SFI that the base station can indicate to the UE.

[0094] [Table 1]

[0095]

[0096] In Table 1, D represents a DL symbol, U represents a UL symbol, and X represents a flexible symbol. As shown in Table 1, up to two DL / UL switches can be allowed in one time slot.

[0097] Figure 3 is a diagram for explaining the physical channels used in a 3GPP system (e.g., NR) and a typical signal transmission method using the physical channel.

[0098] If the power of the UE is turned on or the UE camps on a new cell, the UE performs initial cell search (S101). Specifically, the UE can synchronize with the BS during the initial cell search. To this end, the UE can receive the primary synchronization signal (PSS) and the secondary synchronization signal (SSS) from the base station to synchronize with the base station, and obtain information such as the cell ID. Thereafter, the UE can receive the physical broadcast channel from the base station and obtain the broadcast information in the cell.

[0099] After the initial cell search is completed, the UE receives the physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) according to the physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) and the information in the PDCCH, so that the UE can obtain more specific system information than the system information obtained through the initial cell search (S102). Here, the system information received by the UE is the cell common system information in the radio resource control (RRC) for the UE to operate properly at the physical layer, and is referred to as the remaining system information (RSMI) or the system information block (SIB) 1.

[0100] When a UE initially accesses a base station or does not have radio resources for signal transmission (when the UE is in RRC_IDLE mode), the UE can perform a random access procedure to the base station (operations S103 to S106). First, the UE can send a preamble via the Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) (S103) and receive a response message for the preamble from the base station via the PDCCH and the corresponding PDSCH (S104). When the UE receives a valid random access response message, the UE sends data including the UE's identifier to the base station via the Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) indicated by the UL grant sent from the base station via the PDCCH (S105). Next, the UE waits for the reception of the PDCCH as an indication from the base station for conflict resolution. If the UE successfully receives the PDCCH via the UE's identifier (S106), the random access procedure is terminated. During the random access procedure, the UE can obtain UE-specific system information necessary for proper operation at the physical layer at the RRC layer. When the UE obtains the UE-specific system information from the RRC layer, the UE enters RRC_CONNECTED mode.

[0101] The RRC layer is used for message generation and management to control communication between the UE and the Radio Access Network (RAN). More specifically, in the RRC layer, the base station and UE can perform broadcasting of cell system information, management of paging message delivery, mobility management and handover, measurement reporting and its control, UE capability management, and storage management, including necessary management of existing data for all UEs in the cell. Typically, because the updates of signals transmitted from the RRC layer (hereinafter referred to as RRC signals) are longer than the transmission / reception period (i.e., transmission time interval, TTI) in the physical layer, RRC signals can remain unchanged for extended periods.

[0102] Following the above process, the UE receives the PDCCH / PDSCH (S107) and transmits the Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) / Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) (S108) as a general UL / DL signal transmission process. Specifically, the UE can receive downlink control information (DCI) via the PDCCH. The DCI may include control information for the UE, such as resource allocation information. Furthermore, the format of the DCI can vary depending on the intended purpose. The uplink control information (UCI) transmitted by the UE to the base station via the UL includes DL / UL ACK / NACK signals, Channel Quality Indicator (CQI), Precoding Matrix Index (PMI), Rank Indicator (RI), etc. Here, CQI, PMI, and RI can be included in the Channel State Information (CSI). In a 3GPP NR system, the UE can transmit control information such as the aforementioned HARQ-ACK and CSI via the PUSCH and / or PUCCH.

[0103] Figure 4a and Figure 4b The diagram illustrates the SS / PBCH block used for initial cell access in a 3GPP NR system.

[0104] When power is on or when the UE wants to connect to a new cell, it can obtain time and frequency synchronization with that cell and perform an initial cell search procedure. The UE can detect the physical cell identifier N of the cell during the cell search procedure. cell ID Therefore, the UE can receive synchronization signals from the base station, such as the primary synchronization signal (PSS) and secondary synchronization signal (SSS), and synchronize with the base station. In this case, the UE can obtain information such as the cell identifier (ID).

[0105] refer to Figure 4a This section will describe synchronization signals (SS) in more detail. Synchronization signals can be classified into PSS and SSS. PSS can be used to obtain time-domain synchronization and / or frequency-domain synchronization, such as OFDM symbol synchronization and slot synchronization. SSS can be used to obtain frame synchronization and cell group ID. (Reference) Figure 4a According to Table 2, the SS / PBCH block can be configured with 20 consecutive RBs (=240 subcarriers) on the frequency axis and 4 consecutive OFDM symbols on the time axis. In this case, within the SS / PBCH block, the PSS is transmitted in the first OFDM symbol via subcarriers 56 to 182, and the SSS is transmitted in the third OFDM symbol. Here, the lowest subcarrier index of the SS / PBCH block is numbered starting from 0. In the first OFDM symbol for transmitting the PSS, the base station does not transmit signals via the remaining subcarriers, i.e., subcarriers 0 to 55 and subcarriers 183 to 239. Furthermore, in the third OFDM symbol for transmitting the SSS, the base station does not transmit signals via subcarriers 48 to 55 and subcarriers 183 to 191. The base station transmits the Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH) via the remaining REs in the SS / PBCH block, excluding the signals mentioned above.

[0106] [Table 2]

[0107]

[0108] The SS allows a total of 1008 unique physical layer cell IDs to be divided into 336 physical layer cell identifier groups through a combination of three PSSs and SSSs. Each group includes three unique identifiers, specifically ensuring that each physical layer cell ID is only a part of one physical layer cell identifier group. Therefore, the physical layer cell ID N cell ID =3N (1)ID +N (2) ID An index N, ranging from 0 to 335, can be used to indicate the physical layer cell identifier group. (1) ID and an index N indicating the range of physical layer identifiers in the physical layer cell identifier group from 0 to 2. (2) ID Uniquely defined. The UE can detect the PSS and identify one of three unique physical layer identifiers. Furthermore, the UE can detect the SSS and identify one of 336 physical layer cell IDs associated with the physical layer identifier. In this case, the sequence d of the PSS... PsS (n) is as follows.

[0109] d PSS (n) = 1 - 2x(m)

[0110]

[0111] 0≤n<127

[0112] Here, x(i+7) = (x(i+4) + x(i)) mod 2

[0113] And it is given as [x(6) x(5) x(4) x(3) x(2) x(1) x(0)]=[1 1 1 0 1 1 0].

[0114] In addition, the sequence d of SSS SSS (n) is as follows.

[0115] d SSS (n)=[1-2x0((n+m0)mod 127)][1-2x1((n+m1)mod 127)]

[0116]

[0117]

[0118] 0≤n<127

[0119] x0(i+7)=(x0(i+4)+x0(i))mod 2

[0120] Here, x1(i+7) = (x1(i+1) + x1(i)) mod 2, and is given as

[0121] [x0(6) x0(5) x0(4) x0(3) x0(2) x0(1) x0(0)]=[0 0 0 0 0 0 1]

[0122] [x1(6) x1(5) x1(4) x1(3) x1(2) x1(1) x1(0)]=[0 0 0 0 0 0 1]

[0123] A radio frame with a length of 10ms can be divided into two half-frames with a length of 5ms each. (Reference) Figure 4b This section describes the time slots for transmitting the SS / PBCH block in each half-frame. The time slot for transmitting the SS / PBCH block can be any of cases A, B, C, D, and E. In case A, the subcarrier spacing is 15 kHz and the start time of the SS / PBCH block is the ({2, 8} + 14*n)th symbol. In this case, at carrier frequencies of 3 GHz or lower, n = 0 or 1. Furthermore, at carrier frequencies above 3 GHz and below 6 GHz, n can be 0, 1, 2, or 3. In case B, the subcarrier spacing is 30 kHz and the start time of the SS / PBCH block is {4, 8, 16, 20} + 28*n. In this case, at carrier frequencies of 3 GHz or lower, n = 0. Furthermore, at carrier frequencies above 3 GHz and below 6 GHz, n can be 0 or 1. In case C, the subcarrier spacing is 30 kHz and the start time of the SS / PBCH block is the ({2, 8} + 14*n)th symbol. In this case, at carrier frequencies of 3 GHz or lower, n = 0 or 1. Furthermore, at carrier frequencies above 3 GHz but below 6 GHz, n can be 0, 1, 2, or 3. In case D, the subcarrier spacing is 120 kHz and the start time of the SS / PBCH block is the ({4, 8, 16, 20} + 28*n)th symbol. In this case, at carrier frequencies of 6 GHz or higher, n = 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 12, 13, 15, 16, 17, 18. In case E, the subcarrier spacing is 240 kHz and the start time of the SS / PBCH block is the ({8, 12, 16, 20, 32, 36, 40, 44} + 56*n)th symbol. In this case, at carrier frequencies of 6 GHz or higher, n = 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8.

[0124] Figure 5a and Figure 5b The diagram illustrates the process of transmitting control information and using the control channel in a 3GPP NR system. (Reference) Figure 5aThe base station can add a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) masked with a Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI) (e.g., XOR operation) to the control information (e.g., downlink control information (DCI)) (S202). The base station can scramble the CRC with an RNTI value determined according to the purpose / objective of each control information. The common RNTI used by one or more UEs can include at least one of System Information RNTI (SI-RNTI), Paging RNTI (P-RNTI), Random Access RNTI (RA-RNTI), and Transmit Power Control RNTI (TPC-RNTI). In addition, UE-specific RNTIs can include at least one of Cell Temporary RNTI (C-RNTI) and CS-RNTI. Thereafter, the base station can perform rate matching according to the amount of resources used for PDCCH transmission after performing channel coding (e.g., polarity compilation) (S204) (S206). Thereafter, the base station can multiplex the DCI based on the PDCCH structure based on Control Channel Elements (CCE) (S208). Furthermore, the base station can apply additional processes such as scrambling, modulation (e.g., QPSK), interleaving, etc., to the multiplexed DCI (S210), and then map the DCI to the resources to be transmitted. CCE is the basic resource unit used for PDCCH, and a CCE can include multiple (e.g., six) resource element groups (REGs). A REG can be configured with multiple (e.g., 12) REs. The number of CCEs used for a PDCCH can be defined as the aggregation level. In 3GPPNR systems, aggregation levels of 1, 2, 4, 8, or 16 can be used. Figure 5b This is a diagram relating to CCE aggregation levels and PDCCH multiplexing, illustrating the type of CCE aggregation level used for a PDCCH and the CCEs sent in the control area accordingly.

[0125] Figure 6 The diagram shows a control resource set (CORESET) in a 3GPP NR system that can transmit the Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH).

[0126] A CORESET is a time-frequency resource in which PDCCH (i.e., control signals for the UE) is transmitted. Furthermore, a search space, described later, can be mapped to a CORESET. Therefore, the UE can monitor the time-frequency domain designated as a CORESET instead of all frequency bands used for PDCCH reception and decode the PDCCH mapped to the CORESET. The base station can configure one or more CORESETs for each cell for the UE. A CORESET can be configured with up to three consecutive symbols on the time axis. Additionally, a CORESET can be configured in units of six consecutive PRBs on the frequency axis. In the embodiment of Figure 5, CORESET#1 is configured with consecutive PRBs, while CORESET#2 and CORESET#3 are configured with discontinuous PRBs. A CORESET can reside in any symbol of a time slot. For example, in the embodiment of Figure 5, CORESET#1 begins at the first symbol of the time slot, CORESET#2 begins at the fifth symbol of the time slot, and CORESET#9 begins at the ninth symbol of the time slot.

[0127] Figure 7 The diagram illustrates a method for setting up the PUCCH search space in a 3GPP NR system.

[0128] To transmit PDCCH to a UE, each CORESET may have at least one search space. In embodiments of this disclosure, the search space is the set of all time-frequency resources (hereinafter referred to as PDCCH candidates) capable of being used to transmit a UE's PDCCH. The search space may include a common search space that requires UEs of 3GPP NR to search together and a terminal-specific search space or UE-specific search space that requires a specific UE to search. In the common search space, a UE may monitor a PDCCH that is configured to be searched together by all UEs belonging to the same base station cell. Furthermore, a UE-specific search space may be set for each UE, such that the UE monitors the PDCCH allocated to each UE at search space locations that differ depending on the UE. In the case of a UE-specific search space, the search spaces between UEs may partially overlap and be allocated due to the limited control area that can be allocated PDCCH. Monitoring the PDCCH includes blind decoding of PDCCH candidates in the search space. When blind decoding is successful, it can be expressed as (successfully) detecting / receiving the PDCCH, and when blind decoding fails, it can be expressed as not detecting / receiving or not successfully detecting / receiving the PDCCH.

[0129] For ease of explanation, a PDCCH scrambled with a Group Common (GC) RNTI previously known to one or more UEs to transmit DL control information to one or more UEs is called a Group Common (GC) PDCCH or a common PDCCH. Furthermore, a PDCCH scrambled with a RNTI of a specific terminal already known to a specific UE to transmit UL scheduling information or DL ​​scheduling information to that specific UE is called a UE-specific PDCCH. Common PDCCHs can be included in the common search space, and UE-specific PDCCHs can be included in either the common search space or the UE-specific PDCCH.

[0130] The base station can signal to each UE or group of UEs via the PDSCH information regarding resource allocation for the Paging Channel (PCH) and Downlink Shared Channel (DL-SCH) as transport channels (i.e., DL clearance) or resource allocation for the Uplink Shared Channel (UL-SCH) and Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) (i.e., UL clearance). The base station can transmit PCH transport blocks and DL-SCH transport blocks via the PDSCH. The base station can also transmit data excluding specific control information or specific service data via the PDSCH. Furthermore, the UE can receive data excluding specific control information or specific service data via the PDSCH.

[0131] The base station can include information in the PDCCH about which UE (one or more UEs) the PDSCH data is sent to and how the PDSCH data will be received and decoded by the corresponding UE, and then send the PDCCH. For example, suppose the DCI sent on a particular PDCCH is CRC masked with RNTI "A", and the DCI indicates that the PDSCH is allocated to radio resource "B" (e.g., frequency location) and indicates transmission format information "C" (e.g., transport block size, modulation scheme, coding information, etc.). The UE uses the RNTI information it possesses to monitor the PDCCH. In this case, if there is a UE performing blind decoding of the PDCCH using RNTI "A", then that UE receives the PDCCH and, based on the information in the received PDCCH, receives the PDSCH indicated by "B" and "C".

[0132] Table 3 shows an example of the Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) used in a wireless communication system.

[0133] [Table 3]

[0134] PUCCH format Length of OFDM symbol Number of bits O 1-2 ≤2 1 4-14 ≤2 2 1-2 ＞2 3 4-14 ＞2 4 4-14 ＞2

[0135] PUCCH can be used to send the following UL control information (UCI).

[0136] - Scheduling Request (SR): Information used to request UL UL-SCH resources.

[0137] -HARQ-ACK: A response to the PDCCH (indicating DL SPS release) and / or to a DL transport block (TB) on the PDSCH. HARQ-ACK indicates whether information transmitted on the PDCCH or PDSCH has been received. HARQ-ACK responses include positive ACK (simply ACK), negative ACK (NACK hereinafter), discontinuous transmission (DTX), or NACK / DTX. Here, the terms HARQ-ACK are used interchangeably with HARQ-ACK / NACK and ACK / NACK. Typically, ACK can be represented by a bit value of 1, while NACK can be represented by a bit value of 0.

[0138] - Channel State Information (CSI): Feedback information about the DL channel. The UE generates it based on the CSI-reference signal (RS) transmitted by the base station. MIMO-related feedback information includes the Rank Indicator (RI) and the Precoding Matrix Indicator (PMI). The CSI can be divided into CSI Part 1 and CSI Part 2 based on the information indicated by the CSI.

[0139] In the 3GPP NR system, five PUCCH formats can be used to support various service scenarios, channel environments, and frame structures.

[0140] PUCCH format 0 is a format capable of transmitting 1 or 2 bits of HARQ-ACK information or SR. PUCCH format 0 can be transmitted using one or two OFDM symbols on the time axis and one PRB on the frequency axis. When transmitting PUCCH format 0 in two OFDM symbols, the same sequence on both symbols can be transmitted using different RBs. In this case, the sequence can be a cyclically shifted (CS) sequence from the base sequence used for PUCCH format 0. This allows the UE to obtain frequency diversity gain. Specifically, the UE can, according to M... bit Bit UCI (M) bit =1 or 2) to determine the cyclic shift (CS) value m cs Furthermore, the 12-length base sequence is based on a predetermined CS value m. cs The cyclically shifted sequence can be mapped to one OFDM symbol of one RB and 12 REs and transmitted. When the number of cyclic shifts available to the UE is 12 and M... bit When M = 1, 1 bit UCI 0 and 1 can be mapped to two cyclic shift sequences with a difference of 6, respectively. Furthermore, when M... bitWhen = 2, the 2-bit UCI 00, 01, 11 and 10 can be mapped to four cyclic shift sequences with a difference of 3 in their cyclic shift values.

[0141] PUCCH format 1 can deliver 1 or 2 bits of HARQ-ACK information or SR. PUCCH format 1 can be transmitted using consecutive OFDM symbols on the time axis and one PRB on the frequency axis. Here, the number of OFDM symbols occupied by PUCCH format 1 can be one of 4 to 14. More specifically, it can be used for M... bit BPSK modulation is performed using a UCI of 1. The UE can then use Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) to modulate the M... bit Modulation is performed using a UCI of 2. The signal is obtained by multiplying the modulated complex-valued symbol d(0) by a sequence of length 12. In this case, the sequence can be the base sequence used for PUCCH format 0. The UE transmits the obtained signal by extending the even-numbered OFDM symbols assigned to PUCCH format 1 with a time-axis orthogonal cover code (OCC). PUCCH format 1 determines the maximum number of different UEs multiplexed in an RB based on the length of the OCC to be used. The demodulation reference signal (DMRS) can be extended with the OCC and mapped to the odd-numbered OFDM symbols of PUCCH format 1.

[0142] PUCCH format 2 can deliver more than 2 bits of UCI. PUCCH format 2 can be transmitted via one or two OFDM symbols on the time axis and one or more RBs on the frequency axis. When transmitting PUCCH format 2 in two OFDM symbols, the sequences transmitted in different RBs through the two OFDM symbols can be identical. Here, the sequence can be multiple modulated complex-valued symbols d(0), ..., d(M). symbol -1). Here, M symbol It can be M bit / 2. Through this, the UE can obtain frequency diversity gain. More specifically, for M... bit One bit UCI (M bit >2) Perform bit-level scrambling, QPSK modulation, and map it to one or two OFDM symbols' RBs. Here, the number of RBs can be one from 1 to 16.

[0143] PUCCH format 3 or PUCCH format 4 can deliver more than 2 bits of UCI. PUCCH format 3 or PUCCH format 4 can be transmitted using consecutive OFDM symbols on the time axis and one PRB on the frequency axis. The number of OFDM symbols occupied by PUCCH format 3 or PUCCH format 4 can be one of 4 to 14. Specifically, the UE utilizes... - Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK) or QPSK for M bit One bit UCI (M bit >2) Modulate to generate complex numerical symbols d(0) to d(M) symb -1). Here, when using π / 2-BPSK, M symb =M bit However, when using QPSK, M symb =M bit / 2. The UE may not apply block unit extension to PUCCH format 3. However, the UE may use a 12-length PreDFT-OCC to apply block unit extension to one RB (i.e., 12 subcarriers), allowing PUCCH format 4 to have two or four multiplexing capabilities. The UE performs transmit precoding (or DFT precoding) on ​​the extended signal and maps it to each RE to transmit the extended signal.

[0144] In this scenario, the number of Restricted Blocks (RBs) occupied by PUCCH format 2, PUCCH format 3, or PUCCH format 4 can be determined based on the length of the UCI sent by the UE and the maximum coding rate. When the UE uses PUCCH format 2, it can send HARQ-ACK and CSI information together via PUCCH. When the number of RBs that the UE can send exceeds the maximum number of RBs that can be used with PUCCH format 2, PUCCH format 3, or PUCCH format 4, the UE can send only the remaining UCI information without sending some UCI information, based on the priority of the UCI information.

[0145] PUCCH format 1, PUCCH format 3, or PUCCH format 4 can be configured using the RRC signal to indicate frequency hopping in the time slot. When frequency hopping is configured, the index of the RB to be hopped can be configured using the RRC signal. When PUCCH format 1, PUCCH format 3, or PUCCH format 4 is transmitted over N OFDM symbols on the time axis, the first hop can have floor (N / 2) OFDM symbols and the second hop can have ceiling (N / 2) OFDM symbols.

[0146] PUCCH format 1, PUCCH format 3, or PUCCH format 4 can be configured to be repeatedly transmitted in multiple time slots. In this case, the number K of time slots in which the PUCCH is repeatedly transmitted can be configured via an RRC signal. The repeatedly transmitted PUCCH must begin at a constant position in the OFDM symbol within each time slot and have a constant length. When one of the OFDM symbols in the time slot where the UE should transmit the PUCCH is indicated as a DL symbol via an RRC signal, the UE can choose not to transmit the PUCCH in the corresponding time slot and delay the transmission of the PUCCH to the next time slot.

[0147] In 3GPP NR systems, a UE can perform transmission / reception using a bandwidth less than or equal to the carrier (or cell) bandwidth. For this purpose, the UE can be configured with a bandwidth portion (BWP) consisting of a continuous bandwidth comprising a portion of the carrier's bandwidth. A UE operating under TDD or in unpaired spectrum can receive up to four DL / UL BWP pairs for one carrier (or cell). Furthermore, a UE can activate one DL / UL BWP pair. A UE operating under FDD or in paired spectrum can receive up to four DL BWPs on a downlink carrier (or cell) and up to four UL BWPs on an uplink carrier (or cell). For each carrier (or cell), the UE can activate one DL BWP and one UL BWP. The UE may not receive or transmit in time-frequency resources other than the activated BWPs. The activated BWP can be referred to as the active BWP.

[0148] The base station can indicate the active BWP among the BWPs configured by the UE via downlink control information (DCI). The BWP indicated by the DCI is activated, while other configured BWPs are deactivated. In a TDD-operated carrier (or cell), the base station can include a Bandwidth Part Indicator (BPI) indicating the active BWP in the DCI of the scheduling PDSCH or PUSCH to change the UE's DL / UL BWP pair. The UE can receive the DCI of the scheduling PDSCH or PUSCH and can identify the active DL / UL BWP pair based on the BPI. In the case of a downlink carrier (or cell) operating in FDD, the base station can include a BPI indicating the active BWP in the DCI of the scheduling PDSCH to change the UE's DL BWP. In the case of an uplink carrier (or cell) operating in FDD, the base station can include a BPI indicating the active BWP in the DCI of the scheduling PUSCH to change the UE's UL BWP.

[0149] Figure 8 This is a conceptual diagram illustrating carrier aggregation.

[0150] Carrier aggregation is a method in which a UE uses multiple frequency blocks or (in a logical sense) cells configured with UL resources (or component carriers) and / or DL ​​resources (or component carriers) as a large logical band so that the wireless communication system can use a wider bandwidth. A component carrier can also be referred to by the terms primary cell (PCell), secondary cell (SCell), or primary SCell (PScell). However, for convenience, the term "component carrier" will be used below.

[0151] refer to Figure 8 As an example of a 3GPP NR system, the entire system bandwidth can include up to 16 component carriers, and each component carrier can have a bandwidth of up to 400 MHz. Component carriers can include one or more physically contiguous subcarriers. Although in Figure 8 The diagram shows each component carrier with the same bandwidth, but this is merely an example, and each component carrier can have a different bandwidth. Furthermore, although each component carrier is shown as adjacent to each other on the frequency axis, the diagram is shown conceptually, and each component carrier can be physically adjacent to each other or spaced apart.

[0152] Different center frequencies can be used for each component carrier. Alternatively, a common center frequency can be used for physically adjacent component carriers. Assuming in Figure 8 In one embodiment, all component carriers are physically adjacent, so center frequency A can be used in all component carriers. Alternatively, assuming that the component carriers are not physically adjacent to each other, then center frequency A and center frequency B can be used in each component carrier.

[0153] When extending the total system bandwidth through carrier aggregation, the bandwidth used for communication with each UE can be defined on a component carrier basis. UE A can use 100MHz as the total system bandwidth and perform communication using all five component carriers. UEs B1-B5 can perform communication using only 20MHz bandwidth and one component carrier. UEs C1 and C2 can each use 40MHz bandwidth and two component carriers for communication. These two component carriers can be logically / physically adjacent or non-adjacent. UE C1 represents the case of using two non-adjacent component carriers, while UE C2 represents the case of using two adjacent component carriers.

[0154] Figure 9 This is a diagram used to illustrate signal carrier communication and multi-carrier communication. Specifically, Figure 9 (a) shows the single-carrier subframe structure and Figure 9 (b) shows the multi-carrier subframe structure.

[0155] refer to Figure 9(a) In FDD mode, a typical wireless communication system can perform data transmission or reception using a DL band and a corresponding UL band. In another specific embodiment, in TDD mode, the wireless communication system can divide radio frames into UL time units and DL time units in the time domain, and perform data transmission or reception using the UL / DL time units. (See reference...) Figure 9 (b) It is possible to aggregate three 20MHz component carriers (CCs) into each of the UL and DL, enabling a bandwidth of 60MHz. Each CC can be adjacent to or not adjacent to each other in the frequency domain. Figure 9 (b) illustrates a case where the bandwidth of the ULCC and DLCC are the same and symmetrical, but the bandwidth of each CC can be determined independently. Furthermore, asymmetric carrier aggregation with different numbers of UL CCs and DL CCs is possible. The DL / UL CCs allocated / configured to a specific UE via RRC can be referred to as the serving DL / UL CCs for that specific UE.

[0156] A base station can communicate with a UE by activating some or all of the UE's serving CCs or by deactivating some CCs. The base station can change the CCs to be activated / deactivated, and can change the number of CCs to be activated / deactivated. If the base station allocates CCs available to the UE as cell-specific or UE-specific, at least one of the allocated CCs will not be deactivated unless the CC allocation for the UE is completely reconfigured or the UE is handed over. A CC that is not deactivated by the UE is called the primary CC (PCC) or primary cell (PCell), while CCs that the base station can freely activate / deactivate are called secondary CCs (SCCs) or secondary cells (SCells).

[0157] Meanwhile, 3GPP NR uses the concept of cells to manage radio resources. A cell is defined as a combination of DL resources and UL resources, i.e., a combination of DL CC and UL CC. A cell can be configured with DL resources alone, or it can be configured with a combination of DL resources and UL resources. When carrier aggregation is supported, the link between the carrier frequencies of DL resources (or DL ​​CC) and UL resources (or UL CC) can be indicated by system information. The carrier frequency refers to the center frequency of each cell or CC. The cell corresponding to a PCC is called a PCell, and the cell corresponding to an SCC is called an SCell. The carrier corresponding to a PCell in DL is the DL PCC, and the carrier corresponding to a PCell in UL is the UL PCC. Similarly, the carrier corresponding to an SCell in DL is the DL SCC, and the carrier corresponding to an SCell in UL is the UL SCC. Depending on the UE's capabilities, a serving cell can be configured with one PCell and zero or more SCells. In the case of a UE in the RRC_CONNECTED state but not configured for carrier aggregation or not supporting carrier aggregation, only one serving cell is configured with only a PCell.

[0158] As mentioned above, the term "cell" used in carrier aggregation is distinguished from the term "cell" referring to a geographical area that provides communication services through a base station or an antenna array. That is, a component carrier can also be referred to as a scheduled cell, a scheduled cell, a primary cell (PCell), a secondary cell (SCell), or a primary SCell (PScell). However, to distinguish between cells representing a geographical area and cells in carrier aggregation, in this disclosure, cells in carrier aggregation are referred to as CCs, and cells representing a geographical area are referred to as cells.

[0159] Figure 10 This diagram illustrates an example of cross-carrier scheduling technology. When cross-carrier scheduling is set up, the control channel transmitted via the first CC can use the Carrier Indicator Field (CIF) to schedule the data channel transmitted via either the first CC or the second CC. The CIF is included in the DCI. In other words, a scheduling cell is set up, and the DL license / UL license transmitted in the PDCCH area of ​​that scheduling cell schedules the PDSCH / PUSCH of the scheduled cell. That is, there is a search area for multiple component carriers in the PDCCH area of ​​the scheduling cell. A PCell can essentially be a scheduling cell, and a specific SCell can be designated as a scheduling cell by a higher layer.

[0160] exist Figure 10In the embodiment, it is assumed that three DL CCs are combined. Here, it is assumed that DL component carrier #0 is a DLPCC (or PCell), and DL component carriers #1 and #2 are DL SCCs (or SCells). Furthermore, it is assumed that the DLPCC is configured as a PDCCH monitoring CC. When cross-carrier scheduling is not configured via UE-specific (or UE group-specific or cell-specific) higher-layer signaling, CIF is disabled, and each DL CC can transmit only the PDCCH for scheduling its PDSCH according to the NR PDCCH rules without CIF (non-cross-carrier scheduling, self-carrier scheduling). Meanwhile, if cross-carrier scheduling is configured via UE-specific (or UE group-specific or cell-specific) higher-layer signaling, CIF is enabled, and a specific CC (e.g., DL PCC) can use CIF to transmit not only the PDCCH for scheduling DL CC A but also the PDCCH for scheduling another CC (cross-carrier scheduling). On the other hand, no PDCCH is transmitted in another DL CC. Therefore, the UE monitors the PDCCH excluding CIF to receive the PDSCH of self-carrier scheduling depending on whether cross-carrier scheduling is configured for the UE, or monitors the PDCCH including CIF to receive the PDSCH of cross-carrier scheduling.

[0161] on the other hand, Figure 9 and Figure 10 The diagram illustrates the subframe structure of a 3GPP LTE-A system, and the same or similar configuration can be applied to a 3GPP NR system. However, in a 3GPP NR system, Figure 9 and Figure 10 Subframes can be replaced with time slots.

[0162] Figure 11 This is a block diagram illustrating the configuration of a UE and a base station according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0163] In embodiments of this disclosure, the UE can be implemented using various types of wireless communication devices or computing devices that are guaranteed to be portable and mobile. The UE can be referred to as User Equipment (UE), Station (STA), Mobile Subscriber (MS), etc. Furthermore, in embodiments of this disclosure, the base station controls and manages cells (e.g., macro cells, femtocells, picocells, etc.) corresponding to the service area, and performs functions such as signal transmission, channel designation, channel monitoring, self-diagnosis, and relaying. The base station can be referred to as Next Generation Node B (gNB) or Access Point (AP).

[0164] As shown in the accompanying drawings, the UE 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may include a processor 110, a communication module 120, a memory 130, a user interface 140, and a display unit 150.

[0165] First, the processor 110 can execute various instructions or procedures and process data within the UE 100. Furthermore, the processor 110 can control the overall operation of each unit including the UE 100 and can control the transmission / reception of data between the units. Here, the processor 110 can be configured to perform operations according to the embodiments described in this disclosure. For example, the processor 110 can receive time slot configuration information, determine a time slot configuration based on the time slot configuration information, and perform communication according to the determined time slot configuration.

[0166] Next, the communication module 120 can be an integrated module that uses a wireless communication network to perform wireless communication and uses a wireless LAN to perform wireless LAN access. For this purpose, the communication module 120 can include multiple network interface cards (NICs), such as cellular communication interface cards 121 and 122 and an unlicensed band communication interface card 123, either internally or externally. In the accompanying drawings, the communication module 120 is shown as a monolithic integrated module; however, unlike the drawings, each network interface card can be arranged independently depending on the circuit configuration or usage.

[0167] Cellular communication interface card 121 can transmit or receive radio signals with at least one of base station 200, external device, and server using a mobile communication network and provide cellular communication services in a first frequency band based on instructions from processor 110. According to an embodiment, cellular communication interface card 121 may include at least one NIC module using a frequency band less than 6 GHz. At least one NIC module of cellular communication interface card 121 can independently perform cellular communication with at least one of base station 200, external device, and server in accordance with cellular communication standards or protocols in a frequency band below 6 GHz supported by the corresponding NIC module.

[0168] Cellular communication interface card 122 can transmit or receive radio signals with at least one of base station 200, external device, and server using a mobile communication network and provide cellular communication services in a second frequency band based on instructions from processor 110. According to an embodiment, cellular communication interface card 122 may include at least one NIC module using a frequency band greater than 6 GHz. At least one NIC module of cellular communication interface card 122 can independently perform cellular communication with at least one of base station 200, external device, and server in accordance with cellular communication standards or protocols in a frequency band above 6 GHz supported by the corresponding NIC module.

[0169] The unlicensed frequency band communication interface card 123 transmits or receives radio signals with at least one of the base station 200, external devices, and servers by using a third frequency band that is an unlicensed frequency band, and provides unlicensed frequency band communication services based on instructions from the processor 110. The unlicensed frequency band communication interface card 123 may include at least one NIC module using an unlicensed frequency band. For example, the unlicensed frequency band may be a frequency band of 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, 6 GHz, 7 GHz, or higher than 52.6 GHz. At least one NIC module of the unlicensed frequency band communication interface card 123 can independently or dependently perform wireless communication with at least one of the base station 200, external devices, and servers according to the unlicensed frequency band communication standard or protocol supported by the corresponding NIC module.

[0170] The memory 130 stores the control program used in the UE 100 and various data used therein. Such a control program may include a prescribed program required to perform wireless communication with at least one of the base station 200, external devices, and servers.

[0171] Next, the user interface 140 includes various input / output means provided in the UE 100. In other words, the user interface 140 can use various input means to receive user input, and the processor 110 can control the UE 100 based on the received user input. Furthermore, the user interface 140 can use various output means to execute output based on instructions from the processor 110.

[0172] Next, the display unit 150 outputs various images on the display screen. The display unit 150 can output various display objects, such as content executed by the processor 110 or a user interface, based on control instructions from the processor 110.

[0173] Furthermore, the base station 200 according to embodiments of the present disclosure may include a processor 210, a communication module 220, and a memory 230.

[0174] First, the processor 210 can execute various instructions or programs and process the internal data of the base station 200. Furthermore, the processor 210 can control the overall operation of each unit in the base station 200 and control the transmission and reception of data between the units. Here, the processor 210 can be configured to perform operations according to the embodiments described in this disclosure. For example, the processor 210 can notify time slot configurations with signals and perform communication based on the time slot configurations notified by the used signals.

[0175] Next, the communication module 220 can be an integrated module that uses a wireless communication network to perform wireless communication and uses a wireless LAN to perform wireless LAN access. For this purpose, the communication module 220 can include multiple network interface cards, such as cellular communication interface cards 221 and 222 and an unlicensed frequency band communication interface card 223, either internally or externally. In the accompanying drawings, the communication module 220 is shown as a monolithic integrated module; however, unlike the drawings, each network interface card can be arranged independently depending on the circuit configuration or usage.

[0176] Cellular communication interface card 221 can transmit or receive radio signals with at least one of base station 100, external device, and server using a mobile communication network and provide cellular communication services in a first frequency band based on instructions from processor 210. According to an embodiment, cellular communication interface card 221 may include at least one NIC module using a frequency band less than 6 GHz. At least one NIC module of cellular communication interface card 221 can independently perform cellular communication with at least one of base station 100, external device, and server in accordance with cellular communication standards or protocols in a frequency band less than 6 GHz supported by the corresponding NIC module.

[0177] Cellular communication interface card 222 can transmit or receive radio signals with at least one of base station 100, external device, and server using a mobile communication network and provide cellular communication services in a second frequency band based on instructions from processor 210. According to an embodiment, cellular communication interface card 222 may include at least one NIC module using a 6 GHz or higher frequency band. At least one NIC module of cellular communication interface card 222 can independently perform cellular communication with at least one of base station 100, external device, and server in accordance with cellular communication standards or protocols in a 6 GHz or higher frequency band supported by the corresponding NIC module.

[0178] The unlicensed frequency band communication interface card 223 transmits or receives radio signals with at least one of the base station 100, external devices, and servers by using a third frequency band that is an unlicensed frequency band, and provides unlicensed frequency band communication services based on instructions from the processor 210. The unlicensed frequency band communication interface card 223 may include at least one NIC module using an unlicensed frequency band. For example, the unlicensed frequency band may be a band of 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, 6 GHz, 7 GHz, or a band higher than 52.6 GHz. At least one NIC module of the unlicensed frequency band communication interface card 223 can independently or dependently perform wireless communication with at least one of the base station 100, external devices, and servers in accordance with the unlicensed frequency band communication standards or protocols of the frequency band supported by the corresponding NIC module.

[0179] Figure 11This is a block diagram illustrating a UE 100 and a base station 200 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and the blocks shown individually are logically divided elements of the device. Therefore, the aforementioned elements of the device can be installed in a single chip or multiple chips depending on the device design. Furthermore, a portion of the configuration of the UE 100, such as a user interface 140, a display unit 150, etc., may be selectively provided in the UE 100. Additionally, the user interface 140, display unit 150, etc., may be additionally provided in the base station 200 if necessary.

[0180] Figure 12 The illustration shows a method for scheduling a physical uplink shared channel in the time domain according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0181] A terminal can send uplink data to a base station via PUSCH. The base station can schedule (PUSCH scheduling) for the terminal to send uplink data via PUSCH. i) In the Dynamic Grant (DG) method, the base station can perform PUSCH scheduling via DCI included in the PDCCH. Alternatively, ii) in the Configuration Grant (CG) method, the terminal can send uplink data to the base station via PUSCH according to resources and transmission methods pre-configured by the base station for the terminal.

[0182] In this scenario, the DCI included in the PDCCH may include PUSCH scheduling information. For example, the DCI may include time-domain information (Time Domain Resource Assignment (TDRA)) and frequency-domain information (Frequency Domain Resource Assignment (FDRA)). The terminal can receive the DCI transmitted in the control resource set and search space, and can perform operations indicated via the DCI (e.g., uplink data transmission via PUSCH). In this scenario, the DCI format used for PUSCH scheduling may be DCI formats 0_0, 0_1, and 0_2. The DCIs of formats 0_0, 0_1, and 0_2 may include a TDRA field containing time-domain information about the PUSCH. In this scenario, the time-domain information may include K2, which is the offset value between the time slot in which the PDCCH is transmitted from the base station and the time slot in which the terminal transmits the PUSCH. Additionally, the DCI may include a start and length indication value (SLIV), which is a jointly encoded value of the start symbol index (S) of the PUSCH in the time slot indicated by K2 and the symbol length (L, number) of the PUSCH. If the terminal receives DCI in time slot n, then the time slot in which PUSCH is scheduled can be floor(n*2). μPUSCH / n*2 μPDCCHSlot n is defined as )+K2. μPUSCH and μPDCCH can refer to the subcarrier spacing (SCS) of the cell in which PUSCH is scheduled and the subcarrier spacing (SCS) of the cell in which the terminal receives PDCCH, respectively. floor(x) is a function that returns the largest integer equal to or less than x. In this specification, slot n can refer to the slot indexed by index n.

[0183] refer to Figure 12 In (a), the subcarrier spacing of the cell in which the terminal receives the PDCCH and the subcarrier spacing of the cell in which the PUSCH is scheduled can be the same. In this case, if the terminal receives the PDCCH in slot n and is indicated that K2 is 4, then the slot in which the PUSCH is scheduled can be slot n+K2, that is, slot n+4.

[0184] Regarding PUSCH scheduling types, two mapping types can exist: PUSCH mapping type A and PUSCH mapping type B. Depending on the PUSCH mapping type, the possible range of values ​​for the start symbol index and SLIV for the PUSCH can vary. In PUSCH mapping type A, resource allocation including only DMRS symbols is possible, and the DMRS symbols can be located in the third or fourth symbol of the slot based on values ​​indicated by higher layers. That is, in the case of PUSCH mapping type A, the index (S) of the start symbol of the PUSCH can be 0, and the length (L) of the PUSCH can have one of a value from 4 to 14 (12 for extended CP) depending on the DMRS symbol position. In PUSCH mapping type B, the first symbol of the PUSCH can be a DMRS symbol. Therefore, S can have a value from 0 to 13 (11 for extended CP), and L can have one of a value from 1 to 14 (12 for extended CP). Additionally, since a PUSCH cannot cross a slot boundary, the sum of S and L should be less than or equal to 14 (12 for extended CP).

[0185] refer to Figure 12 In (b), the base station can schedule PUSCH mapping type A where the third symbol is a DMRS symbol, the starting symbol index (S) is 0, and the length (L) is 7; it can schedule PUSCH mapping type A where the fourth symbol is a DMRS symbol, the starting symbol index (S) is 0, and the length (L) is 7; and it can schedule PUSCH mapping type B where the first symbol is a DMRS symbol, the starting symbol index (S) is 5, and the length (L) is 5. In this case, the frequency domain information of the PUSCH indicated in the FDRA field of DCI format 0_0, 0_1, or 0_2 can be divided into two types according to the frequency resource allocation type.

[0186] Figure 13 The illustration shows a method for scheduling a physical uplink shared channel in the frequency domain according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0187] In the following text, reference will be made to Figure 13 Describes the frequency resource allocation type.

[0188] i) Frequency resource allocation type 0, as the first type, can be configured by bundling a certain number of PRBs according to the number of RBs included in the BWP configured (set) for the terminal, and indicating whether the RBG is used via a bitmap in units of RBGs. That is, the terminal can determine whether to use the corresponding RBG via a bitmap sent from the base station. The number of PRBs included in an RBG can be set (configured) from a higher layer, and the more RBs can be set (configured) as the number of RBs included in the BWP configured for the terminal increases. (See reference) Figure 13 In (a), the BWP size set (configured) for the terminal can be 72 PRBs, and an RBG can include 4 PRBs. In this case, the terminal can determine four PRBs as an RBG starting from PRB 0 in ascending order, and can index each RBG starting from 0. That is, an RBG including PRB0 to PRB 3 can be indexed as RBG 0, and an RBG including PRB 4 to PRB 7 can be indexed as RBG 1. Up to RBG17 can be indexed in the same way, where the base station can send 1 bit (0 or 1) per RBG to the terminal, i.e., a total of 18 bits, and the terminal can determine whether to use the PRBs constituting the corresponding RBG based on the received 18 bits. In this case, if the bit value is 0, the terminal can determine not to schedule PUSCH for any PRBs constituting the corresponding RBG. If the bit value is 1, the terminal can determine to schedule PUSCH for all PRBs in the corresponding RBG. In this case, the bit value can be applied in reverse. ii) As a second type of frequency resource allocation, type 1 can be a type indicating information about consecutive PRBs allocated based on the size of the terminal's active BWP or initial BWP. The information about consecutive PRBs can be a Resource Indication Value (RIV) value in which the start index (S) and length (L) of the consecutive PRBs are jointly encoded. (See reference) Figure 13 (b) When the BWP size is 50 PRBs, and PUSCH is scheduled for the terminal from PRB 2 to PRB 11 within those 50 PRBs, the starting index of consecutive PRBs can be 2 and the length can be 10. That is, the terminal can determine the starting index and length of consecutive PRBs in which PUSCH is scheduled based on the RIV value received from the base station. Specifically, this can be achieved through N... size BWP*(L-1)+S calculates the RIV. size BWP This could be the size of the BWP configured for the terminal. For example, if the RIV value received by the terminal is 452, then the calculation of 452 is based on 452 = 50 * (10 - 1) + 2, so the terminal can determine that the starting index of the consecutive PRBs in which the PUSCH is scheduled is 2 and the length is 10.

[0189] Using DCI format 0_1 ​​or 0_2 for scheduling PUSCH, a terminal can be configured from a higher layer to use only one of the aforementioned two frequency resource allocation types or to dynamically use both types. If the terminal is configured to dynamically use both types, the terminal can determine the type to use via the 1 bit of the most significant bit (MSB) of the FDRA field of the DCI.

[0190] There may be uplink shared channel transmission methods based on configuration licenses for URLLC transmission. Configuration-licensed uplink shared channel transmission methods can be described as unlicensed transmission. A configuration-licensed uplink shared channel transmission method can be one where, if the base station configures available resources for uplink transmission for the terminal via a higher layer (i.e., RRC signaling), the terminal can transmit uplink shared channels using the configured resources. Depending on whether the DCI indicates activation and release, configuration-licensed uplink shared channel transmission methods can be classified into two types: i) Type 1 configuration-licensed uplink shared channel transmission methods can be methods where the transmission method and resources are pre-configured via a higher layer. ii) Type 2 configuration-licensed uplink shared channel transmission methods can be methods where configuration-licensed transmission is configured via a higher layer, and the method and resources for actual transmission are configured via the DCI.

[0191] The configuration-based uplink transmission method supports URLLC transmission. Therefore, uplink transmissions can be repeatedly performed across multiple time slots to ensure high reliability. In this case, the redundancy version (RV) sequence can be one of {0,0,0,0}, {0,2,3,1}, and {0,3,0,3}, and the RV corresponding to the (mod(n-1,4)+1)th value can be used in the nth retransmission. That is, the RV corresponding to the value obtained by adding 1 to the remainder of n-1 divided by 4 can be used. Additionally, a terminal configured to repeatedly transmit the uplink channel can start retransmission only in the time slot where the RV value is 0. However, if the RV sequence is {0,0,0,0} and the uplink channel is configured to be repeatedly transmitted in 8 time slots, the terminal may not start retransmission in the eighth time slot. The terminal can terminate retransmission when a UL license with the same HARQ procedure ID is received, or when the number of retransmissions configured via a higher layer is reached, or when the cycle is exceeded. The UL license can refer to the DCI used for PUSCH scheduling.

[0192] As mentioned above, in order to improve the reliability of PUSCH transmission / reception between base stations and terminals in a wireless communication system, the base station can configure the terminal to repeatedly transmit PUSCH.

[0193] Figure 14 The illustration shows repeated transmission of a physical uplink shared channel according to an embodiment of this disclosure. Figures 14 to 27 In this context, actual #n refers to the actual PUSCH or PUCCH of index n, and combined #n refers to the combined PUSCH or PUCCH of index n.

[0194] Repeated PUSCH transmission performed by the terminal can have two types. i) First, repeated PUSCH transmission type A will be described. When the terminal receives a DCI of DCI format 0_1 ​​or 0_2 included in the PDCCH used for PUSCH scheduling from the base station, the terminal can repeatedly transmit PUSCH over K consecutive time slots. The value of K can be configured from a higher layer or can be a value included in the TDRA field of the DCI for configuration by the terminal. For example, refer to... Figure 14(a) The terminal can receive the PDCCH for PUSCH scheduling in time slot n, and can configure the K2 value according to the DCI included in the received PDCCH. In this case, if the K2 value is 2 and the K value is 4, the terminal can start repeated PUSCH transmission in time slot n+K2, and can repeatedly transmit PUSCH until time slot n+K2+K-1. That is, the terminal starts repeated PUSCH transmission in time slot n+2 and repeatedly transmits PUSCH until time slot n+5. In this case, the time domain resources and frequency domain resources for transmitting PUSCH in each time slot can be the same as those time domain resources and frequency domain resources indicated in the DCI. That is, PUSCH can be transmitted in the same symbols and PRBs within the time slot. ii) Next, repeated PUSCH transmission type B will be described. Repeated PUSCH transmission type B can be a type used by the terminal to perform low-latency repeated PUSCH transmission to meet URLLC requirements, etc. The terminal can be configured with the starting symbol (S) and length (L) of repeated PUSCH transmission via the TDRA field of the DCI sent by the base station. In this case, the starting symbol (S) and length (L) can be for a nominal PUSCH that is temporarily obtained rather than the actual PUSCH that the terminal actually transmits. There may not be individual symbols between nominal PUSCHs that are configured to be transmitted repeatedly. That is, nominal PUSCHs can be consecutive in the time domain. The terminal can determine the actual PUSCH from the nominal PUSCH. A nominal PUSCH can be determined as one or more actual PUSCHs. The base station can configure symbols that cannot be used for repeated PUSCH transmission type B for the terminal. Symbols that cannot be used for repeated PUSCH transmission type B can be described as invalid symbols. The terminal can exclude invalid symbols from the resources configured to transmit nominal PUSCHs. As mentioned above, nominal PUSCHs are configured to be transmitted repeatedly on consecutive symbols, but if invalid symbols are excluded, the resources used for nominal PUSCH transmission become discontinuous. The actual PUSCH can be configured to be transmitted on consecutive symbols configured for a nominal PUSCH transmission, excluding invalid symbols. In this case, if consecutive symbols cross slot boundaries, the actual transmitted PUSCH can be partitioned based on the slot boundaries. Invalid symbols may include downlink symbols configured by the base station for the terminal. (See reference) Figure 14(b) The terminal can be scheduled to transmit a PUSCH of length 5 symbols, starting from the twelfth symbol of the first time slot (time slot n), and can be configured to transmit four times with type B repetition. In this case, the resources scheduled for the first nominal PUSCH (nominal #1) may include symbols (n,11), (n,12), (n,13), (n+1,0), and (n+1,1). The resources scheduled for the second nominal PUSCH (nominal #2) may include symbols (n+1,2), (n+1,3), (n+1,4), (n+1,5), and (n+1,6). The resources scheduled for the third nominal PUSCH (nominal #3) may include symbols (n+1,7), (n+1,8), (n+1,9), (n+1,10), and (n+1,11). The resources scheduled for the fourth nominal PUSCH (nominal #4) can include symbols (n+1, 12), (n+1, 13), (n+2, 0), (n+2, 1), and (n+2, 2). In this case, symbol (n, k) represents symbol k in slot n. That is, k can be a value from 0 to 13 for a normal CP, and a value from 0 to 11 for an extended CP. Invalid symbols can be configured as symbols 6 and 7 in slot n+1. In this case, to determine the actual PUSCH, the last symbol of the second nominal PUSCH (nominal #2) can be excluded, and the first symbol of the third nominal PUSCH (nominal #3) can be excluded. The first nominal PUSCH (nominal #1) can be divided into two actual PUSCHs (actual #1 and actual #2) that are actually transmitted, by the slot boundaries. Each of the second nominal PUSCH (nominal #2) and the third nominal PUSCH (nominal #3) can be distinguished into an actual PUSCH (actual #3 and actual #4) by combining consecutive symbols excluding invalid symbols. Finally, the fourth nominal PUSCH (nominal #4) is divided into two actually transmitted (actual) PUSCHs (actual #5 and actual #6) by time slot boundaries. The terminal transmits the last of the actually transmitted (actual) PUSCHs. An actual PUSCH should include at least one DMRS symbol. Therefore, when the repeated PUSCH transmission type B is configured, if the total length of the actual PUSCH is one symbol, the actual PUSCH can be omitted and not transmitted. This is because an actual PUSCH with one symbol may not include information other than DMRS.

[0195] To obtain diversity gain in the frequency domain, frequency hopping can be configured for uplink channel transmission.

[0196] For repeated PUSCH transmission type A, the terminal can be configured with either intra-slot frequency hopping (performing frequency hopping within a time slot) or inter-slot frequency hopping (performing frequency hopping within each time slot). If intra-slot frequency hopping is configured for the terminal, the terminal can split the PUSCH in the time domain within the time slot used to transmit the PUSCH and transmit one half of the PUSCH in the scheduled PRB, and can also transmit the other half in the PRB obtained by adding an offset value to the scheduled PRB. In this case, two or four offset values ​​can be configured via a higher layer based on the active BWP size, and one of these values ​​can be configured (indicated to the configuration) for the terminal via the DCI. If inter-slot frequency hopping is configured for the terminal, the terminal can transmit the PUSCH in the scheduled PRB in time slots with even-numbered time slot indices, and in the PRB obtained by adding an offset value to the scheduled PRB in odd-numbered time slots.

[0197] For repeated PUSCH transmission type B, the terminal can be configured with either inter-repeated frequency hopping (performing frequency hopping at nominal PUSCH boundaries) or inter-slot frequency hopping (performing frequency hopping within each time slot). If inter-repeated frequency hopping is configured for the terminal, the terminal can transmit the actual PUSCH corresponding to the odd-numbered nominal PUSCH on the scheduled PRB, and the terminal can transmit the actual PUSCH corresponding to the even-numbered nominal PUSCH on the PRB obtained by adding an offset value to the scheduled PRB. In this case, two or four offset values ​​can be configured via a higher layer based on the active BWP size, and one of these values ​​can be configured (indicated to the configuration) for the terminal via the DCI. If inter-slot frequency hopping is configured for the terminal, the terminal can transmit PUSCH in the scheduled PRB in time slots with even-numbered time slot indices, and in the PRB obtained by adding an offset value to the scheduled PRB in odd-numbered time slots.

[0198] When a terminal performs a repeated PUSCH transmission, if the symbols scheduled for PUSCH transmission in a specific time slot overlap with semi-statically configured DL symbols or symbols configured to receive SS / PBCH blocks, the terminal may not transmit the overlapping PUSCH in the time slot containing the overlapping symbols. Furthermore, the overlapping PUSCH may be delayed and may not be transmitted even in subsequent time slots.

[0199] If the terminal receives a DCI of format 1_0, 1_1, or 1_2 for PUCCH scheduling, the terminal needs to send a PUCCH to the base station. In this case, the PUCCH may include uplink control information (UCI), and the UCI may include at least one of HARQ-ACK, scheduling request (SR), and channel state information (CSI). The HARQ-ACK can be an indication of whether the terminal has successfully received one of two types of channels. The first type can be a HARQ-ACK for a PDSCH when the terminal is scheduled to receive a PDSCH via a DCI of format 1_0, 1_1, or 1_2. The second type can be a HARQ-ACK for a DCI when the DCI of format 1_0, 1_1, or 1_2 is a DCI indicating the release of a semi-persistently scheduled (SPS) PDSCH. For PUCCH transmissions that include HARQ-ACK, the "PDSCH-to-HARQ_feedback timing indicator" field of the DCI can indicate K1 as information (value) of the time slot in which the PUCCH is scheduled to be transmitted. Here, K1 can be a non-negative integer value. DCI format 1_0 can indicate one of {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7} as the K1 value. The K1 value that can be indicated in DCI formats 1_1 or 1_2 can be set (configured) from a higher layer.

[0200] The method for determining the time slot in which a PUCCH including a first-type HARQ-ACK is transmitted will be described. There may be uplink time slots that overlap with the last symbol of a PDSCH corresponding to a HARQ-ACK transmitted in that slot. In this case, if the index of the overlapping uplink time slot is m, the terminal can transmit a PUCCH including a HARQ-ACK on time slot m+K1. The index of the uplink time slot can be a value determined based on the subcarrier spacing of the BWP in which the PUCCH is transmitted. If the terminal is configured with downlink time slot aggregation, the last symbol of the PDSCH transmitted in that slot can refer to the last scheduled symbol within the last time slot in which the PDSCH is transmitted.

[0201] Figure 15 The figure illustrates a method for scheduling the physical uplink control channel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0202] refer to Figure 15The subcarrier spacing of the DL BWP receiving PDCCH, the subcarrier spacing of the DL BWP scheduling PDSCH, and the subcarrier spacing of the UL BWP transmitting PUCCH can be the same. The terminal can receive the PDCCH for scheduling PUCCH and PDSCH from the base station in time slot n. In this case, the K0 and K1 values ​​can be configured (indicated) as 2 and 3 respectively by the DCI included in the PDCCH received in the time slot. For example, if the last symbol of the PDSCH transmitted in this time slot is symbol n+K0 (i.e., symbol n+2), the terminal can transmit a HARQ-ACK for the PDSCH in time slot n+2+K1 (i.e., time slot n+5). In this case, the HARQ-ACK for the PDSCH can be included in the PUCCH.

[0203] Figure 16 The illustration shows the repeated transmission of the physical uplink control channel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0204] To ensure wide coverage in NR systems, terminals can repeatedly transmit long PUCCHs across 2, 4, or 8 time slots. In this case, the long PUCCH format can be PUCCH format 1, 3, or 4. If the terminal repeatedly transmits the PUCCH, it can repeatedly transmit the same UCI in each time slot. (Reference) Figure 16 When PDSCH reception terminates in time slot n and K1 is 2, the terminal can transmit PUCCH in time slot n+K1 (i.e., time slot n+2). When the base station configures the number of repeated PUCCH transmissions to 4 (N... repeat PUCCH When n=4), the terminal can repeatedly transmit PUCCH from time slot n+2 to time slot n+5. In this case, the symbol configuration of the repeatedly transmitted PUCCH can be the same. That is, the repeatedly transmitted PUCCH can start with the same symbol in each time slot and can include the same number of symbols.

[0205] Even for PUCCH transmission, frequency hopping can be applied to obtain diversity gain in the frequency domain. If intra-slot frequency hopping is applied, the terminal can split the time domain of the slot used for PUCCH transmission in half and transmit one half of the PUCCH on a first PRB, and the other half on a second PRB. The first and second PRBs can be configured via a higher layer for PUCCH resource configuration. If inter-slot frequency hopping is applied, the terminal can transmit PUCCH on a first PRB with an even-numbered slot index and on a second PRB with an odd-numbered slot index. Additionally, when the terminal performs repeated PUCCH transmission, if the symbols of a specific slot scheduled for PUCCH transmission overlap with semi-statically configured DL symbols or symbols configured to receive SS / PBCH blocks, the terminal may not transmit the PUCCH on the slot containing the overlapping symbols. The terminal can delay the transmission of the untransmitted PUCCH so that it can be transmitted in a subsequent slot. In this case, if the symbols of the time slot used for delayed PUCCH transmission do not overlap with the semi-statically configured DL symbols or the symbols configured to receive SS / PBCH blocks, the terminal may transmit PUCCH.

[0206] In this specification, issues related to repeated PUSCH or PUCCH transmissions by the terminal for improving coverage performance can be described as PUSCH or PUCCH coverage issues.

[0207] Figure 17 The illustration depicts a problem that occurs when a terminal repeatedly sends PUSCH in a TDD situation, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0208] refer to Figure 17In TDD mode, time slot "D" can be a time slot that includes all symbols as downlink symbols, time slot "U" can be a time slot that includes all symbols as uplink symbols, and time slot "S" can be a time slot other than time slots "D" and "U". In this case, time slot "S" can include at least one flexible symbol. Repeated PUSCH transmission type B can be configured for time slots "S" and "U". Even if the base station configures (indicates to the terminal) the nominal PUSCH length to be 6 symbols, the actual PUSCH length can be 2, 3, or 4 symbols due to time slot boundaries and invalid symbols. Each repeatedly transmitted actual PUSCH can include one DMRS symbol. If each actual PUSCH maps to one DMRS symbol, the data symbols transmitted in the actual PUSCH can have a length of 1, 2, or 3 symbols. Compared to 6-symbol PUSCH transmission, the terminal needs to use a higher code rate when transmitting the same number of transport blocks (TB). Therefore, even if repetitive transmission is configured to improve coverage performance, there are issues with guaranteeing coding gain due to the use of a high code rate. In other words, the terminal repeatedly transmitting the PUSCH according to repetitive PUSCH transmission type B does not solve the coverage problem. Furthermore, since a PUSCH containing a small number of symbols should include at least one DMRS symbol, the DMRS overhead increases as the number of symbols constituting the actual PUSCH decreases, potentially degrading the coverage performance of the uplink channel and signal transmitted by terminals located at the cell edge.

[0209] Figure 18 The illustration depicts a problem that occurs when a terminal repeatedly sends PUCCH in a TDD situation, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0210] refer to Figure 18 In case a, repeated PUCCH transmissions under TDD can be configured on time slots "S" and "U". A PUCCH with a total symbol length of 4, from symbol 10 to symbol 13, can be configured within the time slots, and repeated PUCCH transmissions with the same position and length can be performed on both time slots. That is, the first repeated PUCCH transmission can be performed on symbols 10 to 13 in the first time slot, and the second repeated PUCCH transmission can be performed on symbols 10 to 13 in the second time slot. In this case, symbols 0 through 9 in the second time slot may not be used for repeated PUCCH transmissions. Therefore, coverage issues may occur when the UL symbols available for repeated PUCCH transmissions are limited. For repeated PUCCH transmissions with high reliability, limited UL symbols (symbols that cannot be used for repeated PUCCH transmissions) are required.

[0211] The following will describe the use of references Figure 17 and Figure 18 The description includes solutions for improving coverage performance using repeated PUSCH sending type B and repeated PUCCH sending.

[0212] To address coverage issues that occur during repeated PUSCH transmissions, multiple actual PUSCHs can be combined and transmitted. In the following text, for ease of description, it may be possible to actually not transmit actual PUSCHs, but rather to actually transmit PUSCHs determined according to the method described below.

[0213] One or more actual PUSCHs can be combined to form a combined actual PUSCH, and this combined actual PUSCH can be transmitted. Consecutive actual PUSCHs in the time domain can be combined to form a combined actual PUSCH. Consecutive in the time domain can mean that there are no symbols between two consecutive actual PUSCHs. When a terminal combines and transmits repeatedly transmitted PUSCHs, the total number of symbols, including those of the repeatedly transmitted PUSCHs, should not exceed the pre-configured number of symbols. That is, the total number of symbols in a combined actual PUSCH transmitted for coverage improvement may not exceed the pre-configured number of symbols. The pre-configured number of symbols can be a value configured by the base station for the terminal. Additionally, the pre-configured number of symbols can be the maximum number of symbols constituting a time slot. The maximum number of symbols constituting a time slot can be 14 for a normal CP and 12 for an extended CP.

[0214] Figure 19 The illustration shows a method for repeatedly transmitting a combination of PUSCH according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0215] refer to Figure 19 In (a), the pre-configured number of symbols can be 14. Actual PUSCH#1 to actual PUSCH#3 can be combined to form combined PUSCH#1, and actual PUSCH#4 and actual PUSCH#5 can be combined to form combined PUSCH#2. Actual PUSCH#1 to actual PUSCH#6 comprise a total of 15 symbols. Therefore, the second symbol (symbol 13 in the second time slot) is a symbol exceeding 14 symbols (i.e., the pre-configured number of symbols) and may therefore be discarded. Therefore, the first symbol of actual PUSCH#6 (symbol 12 in the second time slot) comprises one symbol and may therefore be discarded according to PUSCH mapping type B. Reference Figure 19 (b) The number of symbols constituting a PUSCH may be unlimited. Therefore, the two symbols of an actual PUSCH#6 (symbols 12 and 13 in the second time slot) are consecutive symbols and can be combined to form a combined PUSCH#3, and the terminal can also send a combined PUSCH#3 to the base station.

[0216] Figure 20 The illustration shows a method for repeatedly transmitting a combination of PUSCH according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0217] When configuring the described combined PUSCH, the actual PUSCH can be combined considering time slot boundaries. (Reference) Figure 20 (a) The pre-configured number of symbols can be 14. Consecutive symbols starting from symbol 10 in the first time slot where an actual PUSCH is transmitted can be combined, wherein symbols can be combined based on time slot boundaries. That is, actual PUSCH#1 can form combined PUSCH#1, subsequent actual PUSCH#2 and actual PUSCH#3 can form combined PUSCH#2, and actual PUSCH#4 and actual PUSCH#5 can form combined PUSCH#3. Figure 19 Unlike other methods, because there is a slot boundary between actual PUSCH #1 and actual PUSCH #2, combined PUSCH #1 can include only actual #1. The second symbol of actual PUSCH #6 (symbol 13 in the second slot) is a symbol exceeding 14 symbols (i.e., the pre-configured number of symbols) and therefore may be discarded. Therefore, the first symbol of actual PUSCH #6 (symbol 12 in the second slot) includes one symbol and may therefore be discarded according to PUSCH mapping type B. (See reference) Figure 20 (b) The number of symbols constituting a PUSCH may be unlimited. Therefore, the two symbols of actual PUSCH#6 (symbols 12 and 13 in the second time slot) are consecutive symbols and can be combined to form a combined PUSCH#4, and the terminal can also send a combined PUSCH#4 to the base station. In this case, the number of symbols constituting a combined PUSCH may be limited. For example, the limited number of symbols could be 2 to 14.

[0218] After generating a combined PUSCH by combining the actual PUSCHs of a specific unit, the terminal can transmit the combined PUSCH. The specific unit can be at least one of a symbol set, a time slot, or a set of time slots. For example, when the specific unit is a time slot, the actual PUSCHs within the time slot can be combined to form a combined PUSCH. If the specific unit is a set of N symbols, the terminal can determine the set of symbols and combine the actual PUSCHs within the set of symbols to configure a combined PUSCH. The set of symbols can be grouped sequentially by N symbols, starting from the first symbol of a 10ms radio frame or time slot. N can be a divisor of the number of symbols constituting the time slot. For example, N could be 7 for a normal CP and 6 for an extended CP.

[0219] The base station can configure (instruct) the number of actual PUSCHs that make up a combined PUSCH for the terminal. A combined PUSCH can be configured by combining actual PUSCHs according to the configured number. For example, if the configured number is K, a combined PUSCH can be configured by combining K actual PUSCHs starting with the first actual PUSCH. If the total number of actual PUSCHs is not a multiple of K, one of the combined PUSCHs can include a number corresponding to the remainder obtained by dividing the total number of actual PUSCHs by K. Actual PUSCHs can be indexed according to time sequence.

[0220] A combined PUSCH can be configured by combining actual PUSCHs that correspond to (or are included in) a nominal PUSCH. Due to slot boundaries or invalid symbols, a nominal PUSCH may be divided into one or more actual PUSCHs. Multiple actual PUSCHs obtained by dividing a nominal PUSCH can be combined to form a combined PUSCH. i) When multiple actual PUSCHs obtained by dividing a nominal PUSCH are combined to form a combined PUSCH, slot boundaries can be considered. That is, a combined PUSCH can be configured by combining actual PUSCHs that are only in the same slot. In other words, actual PUSCHs in different slots constitute different combined PUSCHs. ii) When multiple actual PUSCHs obtained by dividing a nominal PUSCH are combined to form a combined PUSCH, slot continuity can be considered. That is, a combined PUSCH can be configured by only consecutive actual PUSCHs. In this case, actual PUSCHs that are consecutive in the time domain and included in different slots can be combined to form a combined PUSCH. In other words, discontinuous actual PUSCHs in the time domain constitute different combined PUSCHs. If continuous actual PUSCHs in the time domain constitute a combined PUSCH regardless of the slot boundaries, then the number of symbols constituting a combined PUSCH can be limited. For example, the number of symbols constituting a combined PUSCH can be limited to the maximum number of symbols constituting a slot or the number of symbols constituting a slot required for coverage expansion.

[0221] The base station can configure (indicate) the minimum number of symbols constituting a combined PUSCH for the terminal. The base station can determine the minimum number of symbols constituting a combined PUSCH by considering at least one of DMRS overhead, TB size, and code rate. That is, a combined PUSCH can be configured by combining actual PUSCHs to have a length greater than or equal to the minimum number. For example, when the minimum number is M and the lengths of the actual PUSCHs are A1, A2, and A3, if A1 is less than M, then because the minimum number of symbols constituting a combined PUSCH is not met, actual PUSCHs of length A1 can be combined with actual PUSCHs of length A2 to form a combined PUSCH. If A1 + A2 is still less than M, then a combined PUSCH can be configured by combining actual PUSCHs of length A3. In other words, if the length of either the actual PUSCH or the combined PUSCH is greater than or equal to M, then additional actual PUSCHs may not be combined.

[0222] The base station can configure (indicate) the maximum number of symbols constituting a combined PUSCH for the terminal. The base station can determine the maximum number of symbols constituting a combined PUSCH by considering at least one of DMRS overhead, TB size, and code rate. In this case, the maximum number could be 14 symbols. That is, a combined PUSCH can be configured by combining actual PUSCHs to have a length less than or equal to the maximum number. For example, when the maximum number is M and the lengths of the actual PUSCHs are A1, A2, and A3, if A1 is less than M, but A1+A2 is greater than M, then because A1+A2 exceeds the maximum number of symbols, the actual PUSCH of length A1 may not be combined with the actual PUSCH of length A2. If A1+A2 is less than M, then because A1+A2 does not exceed the maximum number of symbols, the actual PUSCH of length A1 can be combined with the actual PUSCH of length A2 to form a combined PUSCH. Whether to combine an actual PUSCH of length A3 can also be determined in the same way. Therefore, the length of the combined PUSCH can be kept below a certain symbol length. In other words, the terminal may not send a combined PUSCH exceeding a certain length.

[0223] The base station can configure (indicate) the minimum length of the actual PUSCH to be coupled for the terminal. For example, for repeated PUSCH transmission type B, an actual PUSCH of one symbol length can be discarded or omitted. Therefore, the discarded or omitted actual PUSCH can be transmitted in combination with another actual PUSCH. For example, if the minimum length of the actual PUSCH is M and the lengths of the actual PUSCHs are A1, A2, and A3, then the actual PUSCH of A1, A2, and A3 whose length is less than M can be combined with another adjacent actual PUSCH to form a combined PUSCH. In this case, the number of combined actual PUSCHs can be two. i) An actual PUSCH with a length less than the minimum length can be combined with the shorter of two adjacent actual PUSCHs. For example, it can be... Figure 17 The actual PUSCH#2 can be combined with the shorter of the two actual PUSCH#1 and actual PUSCH#3. Terminals can efficiently utilize discarded or omitted resources by combining a discarded or omitted actual PUSCH with another actual PUSCH and sending the combined actual PUSCH. Additionally, combining actual PUSCHs reduces DMRS overhead, leading to increased data transmission rates. ii) An actual PUSCH shorter than the minimum length can be combined with the longer of two adjacent actual PUSCHs. For example, it can be... Figure 17 The actual PUSCH#2 can be combined with the longer of the two actual PUSCH#1 and actual PUSCH#3. PUSCHs can be sent over longer time domain resources, which is effective for extending coverage. iii) An actual PUSCH shorter than the minimum length can be combined with the earlier of two adjacent actual PUSCHs. This extends coverage and reduces latency because PUSCHs are sent over longer time domain resources. iv) An actual PUSCH shorter than the minimum length can be combined with the later of two adjacent actual PUSCHs. For latency-insensitive PUSCH transmissions, PUSCHs can be sent over longer time domain resources, which is beneficial for coverage extension.

[0224] A combined PUSCH can be configured by combining symbols included in the nominal PUSCH. In this case, the process of dividing the nominal PUSCH into actual PUSCHs described herein can be omitted. That is, the combined PUSCH can be generated directly from the nominal PUSCH. i) The base station can configure (indicate) the minimum number of symbols constituting the combined PUSCH for the terminal. The terminal can determine the number of symbols included in the nominal PUSCH. In this case, invalid symbols can be excluded. The combined PUSCH can include the minimum number of symbols among the symbols included in the nominal PUSCH. Since it is the minimum number, the combined PUSCH can include more than the minimum number of symbols. The combined PUSCH can be configured taking into account consecutive symbols and / or time slot boundaries. Specifically, the combined PUSCH is configured with the minimum number of symbols among the symbols included in the nominal PUSCH, and if there are consecutive symbols after the last symbol among the minimum number of symbols, the combined PUSCH can be configured by additionally combining the consecutive symbols. In this case, if consecutive symbols cross time slot boundaries, time slots crossing time slot boundaries may not be combined. In other words, additionally combined symbols can be symbols within the same time slot. ii) The base station can configure (indicate) the maximum number of symbols constituting a combined PUSCH for the terminal. That is, if the number of symbols constituting a combined PUSCH exceeds the maximum number, additional combined PUSCHs can be reconfigured. For example, the maximum number can be 14 or the maximum number of symbols constituting X time slots. iii) The base station can configure (indicate) the number of configurable combined PUSCHs for the terminal. The terminal can determine the number of symbols constituting the nominal PUSCH. In this case, invalid symbols can be excluded. For example, if the number of symbols constituting the nominal PUSCH is S and the number of configurable combined PUSCHs is Y, then the combined PUSCH can include floor(S / Y) or ceil(S / Y) symbols. floor(x) is a function that returns the largest integer equal to or less than x. ceil(x) is a function that returns the smallest integer equal to or greater than x.

[0225] The frequency hopping method used to obtain diversity gain when terminals combine and transmit multiple actual PUSCHs will be described below.

[0226] i) The terminal can transmit an odd-numbered combined PUSCH in the first PRB and an even-numbered combined PUSCH in the second PRB. The base station can configure an offset value for the PRB interval between the first and second PRBs for the terminal, and the terminal can transmit the combined PUSCH based on this offset value. ii) The terminal can divide the combined PUSCH into two or more parts in the time domain and can transmit the divided combined PUSCH via frequency hopping. For example, the combined PUSCH can be divided into two parts in the time domain. If the two parts are called the first hop and the second hop, the difference between the symbols constituting the first hop and the second hop can be configured to be minimized. If the number of symbols in the combined PUSCH is N PUSCH symb The number of symbols constituting the first jump can be floor(N) PUSCH symb / 2), and the number of symbols constituting the second jump can be N. PUSCH symb -floor(N PUSCH symb / 2). Alternatively, the number of symbols constituting the first jump can be ceil(N). PUSCH symb / 2), and the number of symbols constituting the second jump can be N. PUSCH symb -ceil(N PUSCH symb / 2). In this case, the first hop can be transmitted on the first PRB, and the second hop can be transmitted on the second PRB. The base station can configure an offset value for the PRB interval between the first PRB and the second PRB for the terminal, and the terminal can transmit the combined PUSCH based on this offset value. iii) The base station can configure a minimum number of symbols per hop for transmitting the combined PUSCH for the terminal. The terminal can transmit the combined PUSCH via frequency hopping by comparing the number of symbols constituting the combined PUSCH with the minimum number of symbols per hop. For example, if the number of symbols in the combined PUSCH is less than or equal to the minimum number of symbols per hop, the terminal can transmit the combined PUSCH without frequency hopping. Conversely, if the number of symbols in the combined PUSCH is greater than the minimum number of symbols per hop, the terminal can transmit the combined PUSCH via two or more hops. In this case, the method of transmitting the two or more hops can be the same as described in ii). The execution can be divided into two or more hops based on the minimum number of symbols per hop. In other words, a jump can be configured by bundling as many symbols as the minimum number of symbols required to form a combined PUSCH. If the number of symbols in a combined PUSCH is not a multiple of the minimum number of symbols per jump, then the number of symbols constituting any of the divided jumps can be equal to the remainder obtained by dividing the number of symbols constituting the combined PUSCH by the minimum number of symbols per jump.

[0227] The following frequency hopping can be applied regardless of the type of combined PUSCH.

[0228] Figures 21 to 26 The illustration shows a frequency hopping method for repeatedly transmitting PUSCH according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0229] Frequency hopping can be performed by dividing the total length of the repeatedly transmitted PUSCH in the time domain into two halves. i) The hopping boundary for frequency hopping can be determined by dividing the total length of the repeatedly transmitted PUSCH in two, and repeated PUSCH can be transmitted based on the determined hopping boundary. If the total length of the repeatedly transmitted PUSCH is N... PUSCH symb The number of PUSCH symbols constituting the first hop is floor(N) PUSCH symb / 2), and the number of PUSCH symbols constituting the second hop can be N. PUSCH symb -floor(N PUSCH symb / 2)(Method a). Alternatively, the number of PUSCH symbols constituting the first hop can be ceil(N) PUSCH symb / 2), and the number of PUSCH symbols constituting the second hop can be N. PUSCH symb -ceiling(N PUSCH symb / 2)(Method b). For example, the total length of repeatedly sent PUSCHs can be the sum of the lengths of the individual actual PUSCHs. Reference Figure 21 If repeated PUSCH transmission type B is configured, the length of all actual PUSCHs obtained by summing the lengths of the corresponding actual PUSCHs can be 15 (i.e., the sum of the lengths of actual PUSCH#1 to actual PUSCH#6). If method a is applied, the number of symbols constituting the first hop can be 7 (from symbol 10 in the first time slot to symbol 2 in the second time slot). The number of symbols constituting the second hop can be 8 (symbol 3 in the second time slot, symbols 6 to 10 in the second time slot, and symbols 12 and 13 in the second time slot). In this case, if the repeated PUSCH transmission type B scheme is applied to the second hop, as described above, for a PUSCH including one symbol, the symbol is a DMRS symbol, so the terminal may not transmit a PUSCH including one symbol (the first symbol of the second hop). If method b is applied, the first hop can include 8 symbols and the second hop can include 7 symbols. Therefore, the terminal can transmit PUSCH without discarding any symbols. As another example, if the base station and the terminal know all symbol configuration information, the configuration of invalid symbols, etc., the terminal can determine the hopping boundary so that a PUSCH including one symbol is not generated. That is, refer to Figure 21 If the terminal and base station know the symbol configuration, the terminal can use method b to configure 8 symbols for the first hop and 7 symbols for the second hop to send the PUSCH without dropping any symbols. Furthermore, the total length of the repeatedly sent PUSCH can be the same as the nominal total length of the PUSCH. (See reference...) Figure 22The total length of the nominal PUSCH can be 18 symbols (nominal #1 to nominal #3). The first hop can include 9 symbols (from symbol 10 in the first time slot to symbol 4 in the second time slot), and the second hop can include 9 symbols (from symbol 5 in the second time slot to symbol 13 in the second time slot). The terminal can transmit the first and second hops via frequency hopping. ii) The total length of the repeatedly transmitted PUSCH in i) can be the length of a nominal PUSCH or the length of the longest actual PUSCH among actual PUSCHs. The first hop obtained by the division via described i) and ii) can be transmitted on the first PRB, and the second hop can be transmitted on the second PRB. In this specification, PUSCH / PUCCH symbol or PUSCH / PUCCH symbol can refer to the symbol in which PUSCH / PUCCH is transmitted.

[0230] Consecutive PUSCH symbols can form the same hop. If the base station configures repeated PUSCH transmission for the terminal, symbols allocated consecutive actual PUSCHs can form a hop. In this case, the number of symbols forming a hop can be a variable value rather than a fixed value. (See reference) Figure 23 Eight consecutive symbols (symbols 10 in the first time slot to symbol 3 in the second time slot) from the start symbol of a repeatedly transmitted PUSCH (symbol 10 in the first time slot) to an invalid symbol (symbol 4 in the second time slot) can constitute a hop (first hop). Five consecutive symbols (symbols 6 in the first time slot to symbol 10 in the second time slot) from one symbol of a subsequent repeatedly transmitted PUSCH (symbol 6 in the second time slot) to a subsequent invalid symbol (symbol 11 in the second time slot) can constitute another hop (second hop). Two consecutive symbols starting from a symbol of a subsequent repeatedly transmitted PUSCH (symbol 12 in the second time slot) can constitute another hop (third hop). In this case, the first and third hops can be transmitted on the same frequency domain resource or on different frequency domain resources. Even if consecutive symbols are included in different time slots, consecutive symbols are included in one hop, thus reducing DMRS overhead compared to the case where one hop only includes symbols in the same time slot. However, the number of hops can increase due to the inclusion of invalid symbols in a time slot, and DMRS overhead can increase if DMRS needs to be assigned to each hop. However, when channel delay spread and channel variations on the time axis are small within a time slot, the frequency domain resources in which odd-numbered hops (e.g., the first hop, the third hop, etc.) are transmitted can be configured to always be the same, and the frequency domain resources in which even-numbered hops (e.g., the second hop, the fourth hop, etc.) are transmitted can be configured to always be the same. By configuring the frequency domain resources in which odd / even hops are transmitted to always be the same, the problem of increased DMRS overhead due to the increase in hops can be solved.

[0231] Based on time slot boundaries, consecutive PUSCH symbols can form a hop. (Reference) Figure 24 A first hop can be formed from the start symbol of a repeatedly transmitted PUSCH (symbol 10 in the first time slot) to four consecutive symbols (symbols 10 to 13 in the first time slot) at the time slot boundary. A second hop can be formed from the subsequent PUSCH symbol (symbol 0 in the second time slot) to the invalid symbol (symbol 4 in the second time slot) to four consecutive symbols (symbols 0 to 3 in the second time slot). A third hop can be formed from the subsequent PUSCH symbol (symbol 6 in the second time slot) to the subsequent invalid symbol (symbol 11 in the second time slot) to five consecutive symbols (symbols 6 to 10 in the second time slot). A fourth hop can be formed from the subsequent PUSCH symbol (symbol 12 in the second time slot) to two consecutive symbols (symbols 12 and 13 in the second time slot). As described above, odd-numbered hops can be transmitted on the same frequency domain resources, and even-numbered hops can be transmitted on the same frequency domain resources. This is effective in terms of compatibility because it is possible to maintain the characteristics of NR in which transmission units are configured and scheduled in units of time slots.

[0232] A frequency hop can include a predetermined specific number of symbols. In this case, the predetermined specific number of symbols can be the maximum number that can constitute a hop. In other words, if the number of consecutive symbols is less than the predetermined specific number, a hop can include fewer than the predetermined specific number of consecutive symbols. In this case, the predetermined specific number can be a value configured by the base station for the terminal. The predetermined specific number can be equal to the length of the nominal PUSCH. Since the length of the nominal PUSCH is fixed, a hop can include the same number of symbols in chronological order as the number of nominal PUSCH symbols. In this case, downlink symbols or invalid symbols can be excluded from the symbols constituting a hop. (Reference) Figure 25A nominal PUSCH has 6 symbols. If consecutive PUSCH symbols in time-domain order constitute a hop, the first hop can include 6 symbols (symbol 10 in the first time slot to symbol 1 in the second time slot), the second hop can include the next 6 symbols (symbols 2, 3, 6, 7, 8, and 9 in the second time slot), and the third hop can include the remaining symbols (symbols 12 and 13 in the second time slot). In this case, since consecutive symbols can be sent via a hop, symbol 10 in the second time slot has no neighboring symbols to be grouped together in a hop. Therefore, if repeated PUSCH transmission type B is applied, this PUSCH may not be sent because symbol 10 in the second time slot corresponds to a PUSCH of one symbol length. In this case, the first and third hops can be sent in the same frequency domain resources. As another example, the pre-configured specific number can be any of the divisors of the total number of symbols in the repeatedly transmitted PUSCH. The total number of symbols in the actual PUSCH is N, and N can be a natural number that is not a prime number. The number of symbols constituting a hop can be any number other than 1 and N, which are divisors of N. That is, a hop can include a specific number of consecutive or discontinuous symbols. Furthermore, after assigning a specific number of consecutive symbols to a hop, if a PUSCH with only one symbol exists, that PUSCH can be discarded. Specifically, the specific number of symbols can be i) the largest number other than 1 and N, which are divisors of N. By determining the maximum number as the number of symbols constituting a hop, PUSCHs can be transmitted over longer time periods in the time domain via the same PRB, thus extending coverage. (Reference) Figure 26 (a) When the total number of symbols (N) of the actual PUSCH is 15, 5, the largest number other than 1 and 15, can be determined as the number of symbols constituting a hop. That is, the terminal can configure five consecutive or discontinuous PUSCH symbols for a hop in chronological order, starting from the symbol that begins the repeatedly transmitted PUSCH (symbol 10 in the first time slot). (ii) The specific number of symbols can be the smallest number of divisors of N other than 1 and N. By determining the minimum number as the number of symbols constituting a hop, the hop transition period can be shortened, thus allowing for frequent transmission of hops on different PRBs within short time intervals in the time domain. Reference Figure 26(b) When the total number of symbols (N) of the actual PUSCH is 15, the minimum number of 3 (excluding 1 and 15) that is the divisor of 15 can be determined as the number of symbols constituting a hop. That is, the terminal can configure three consecutive or non-consecutive PUSCH symbols for a hop in chronological order, starting from the symbol that starts the repeatedly transmitted PUSCH (symbol 10 in the first time slot). In this case, since symbol 6 and symbol 10 in the second time slot correspond to a PUSCH of length one symbol, it is possible that the PUSCH will not be transmitted. In other words, after configuring a hop with a certain number of symbols regardless of whether the symbols are consecutive, it is possible that a PUSCH of length one and without consecutive symbols will not be transmitted.

[0233] A base station can configure (instruct) a terminal to perform frequency hopping based on specific cells. That is, PUSCH symbols included in a specific cell can constitute a hop, and frequency hopping can be performed based on the boundaries of the specific cell. A specific cell can be at least one of a symbol set, a time slot set, a symbol set determined according to a nominal PUSCH, and a time slot set determined according to a nominal PUSCH.

[0234] If a particular unit is a symbol set, the base station can configure (indicate) the number (N) of symbols constituting that symbol set for the terminal. The terminal can generate a symbol set by grouping N symbols starting from the first symbol of a radio frame. Repeatedly transmitted scheduled PUSCHs can form a hop based on the symbol set. That is, the length of a symbol set can be the length of a hop. PUSCHs containing odd-numbered symbol sets can be transmitted on the first PRB, and PUSCHs containing even-numbered symbol sets can be transmitted on the second PRB.

[0235] If a specific unit is a symbol set determined according to a nominal PUSCH, the number (N) of symbols constituting that symbol set can be equal to the length of the nominal PUSCH. A terminal can generate a symbol set by grouping N symbols starting from the first symbol scheduled for the nominal PUSCH. In this case, the base station can configure (instruct) a natural value (K) for adjusting the number of symbols constituting the symbol set. A terminal can generate a symbol set by grouping N*K symbols starting from the first symbol scheduled for the nominal PUSCH. That is, the natural number K can extend the number of symbols included in the symbol set to a multiple of the length of the nominal PUSCH. The scheduled PUSCH can constitute a hop based on the symbol set. That is, the length of a symbol set can be the length of a hop. PUSCHs including odd-numbered symbol sets can be transmitted on the first PRB, and PUSCHs including even-numbered symbol sets can be transmitted on the second PRB.

[0236] If a specific unit is a time slot set, the base station can configure (indicate) the number (N) of time slots that constitute that time slot set for the terminal. The terminal can generate a time slot set by grouping N time slots starting from the first time slot of a radio frame. Scheduled PUSCHs can form a hop based on the time slot set. That is, the length of a time slot set can be the length of a hop. PUSCHs including odd-numbered symbol sets can be transmitted on the first PRB, and PUSCHs including even-numbered symbol sets can be transmitted on the second PRB.

[0237] If a specific unit is a time slot set determined according to a nominal PUSCH, the base station can configure (indicate) the number (N) of time slots constituting that time slot set for the terminal. The terminal can generate a time slot set by grouping N time slots starting from the first time slot scheduled for the nominal PUSCH. The scheduled PUSCHs can form a hop based on the time slot set. That is, the length of a time slot set can be the length of a hop. PUSCHs including odd-numbered symbols can be transmitted on the first PRB, and PUSCHs including even-numbered symbols can be transmitted on the second PRB. Similarly, the first hop can be transmitted on the first PRB, and the second hop can be transmitted on the second PRB.

[0238] i) Frequency hopping can be determined based on the number of time slots scheduled for the nominal PUSCH. If the number of time slots scheduled for the nominal PUSCH is N PUSCH slot Then the number of time slots constituting the first hop can be floor(N) PUSCH slot / 2), and the number of time slots constituting the second hop can be N. PUSCH slot -floor(N PUSCH slot / 2). Alternatively, the number of time slots constituting the first hop can be ceil(N). PUSCH slot / 2), and the number of time slots constituting the second hop can be N. PUSCH slot -ceil(N PUSCH slot / 2). In this case, the first hop can be configured starting from the slot scheduled for the nominal PUSCH.

[0239] ii) Frequency hopping can be determined based on the number of time slots scheduled for the actual PUSCH. If the number of time slots scheduled for the actual PUSCH is N PUSCH slot Then, the number of time slots constituting the first hop and the number of time slots constituting the second hop can be determined in the same way as in i) above. In this case, although the nominal PUSCH is scheduled, it is not necessary to schedule NPUSCH slot This includes time slots from which all nominal PUSCH symbols have been excluded due to invalid symbols. In this case, the first hop can be configured starting from the time slot scheduled for the nominal PUSCH.

[0240] iii) Frequency hopping can be determined based on the number of the longest consecutive symbols in the time domain of the actual PUSCH. The actual PUSCH can be one or more repeatedly transmitted actual PUSCHs. That is, if the terminal is configured to transmit repeated PUSCHs from the base station, frequency hopping can be determined based on the actual PUSCH. In this case, an actual PUSCH with fewer symbols than the number of symbols configured by the terminal for a hop may not hop. For example, the terminal can configure a hop with the same number of symbols as the longest consecutive symbols in the time domain of the PUSCH. If the number of symbols in the longest PUSCH is N... PUSCH symb,max Then the number of symbols constituting the first and second jumps can be N. PUSCH symb,max In other words, the terminal can send N on the first PRB, starting with the symbol scheduled for PUSCH. PUSCH symb,max The PUSCH is sent in one symbol, and can be sent on the second PRB in subsequent N. PUSCH symb,max A PUSCH is sent in N symbols. As another example, a hop can be configured with the same number of symbols as a specific number obtained by equally dividing the number of longest PUSCH symbols in the time domain. If the number of longest symbols is N... PUSCH symb,max The number of symbols constituting the first jump is floor(N) PUSCH symb,max / 2), and the number of symbols constituting the second jump is N. PUSCH symb,max -floor(N PUSCH symb,max / 2). Alternatively, the number of symbols constituting the first jump can be ceil(N). PUSCH symb,max / 2), and the number of symbols constituting the second jump can be N. PUSCH symb,max -ceil(N PUSCH symb,max / 2). In this case, the first hop can be configured starting with the symbol that is actually scheduled for PUSCH.

[0241] iv) Frequency hopping can be determined based on the number of the shortest consecutive symbols among the consecutive symbols in the time domain of the actual PUSCH. An actual PUSCH can exist. That is, if the terminal is configured to send PUSCH from the base station, the terminal can determine frequency hopping based on the actual PUSCH. If the number of the shortest consecutive symbols is N... PUSCH symb,min Then the number of symbols constituting the first and second jumps can be N. PUSCH symb,min In this case, the first hop can be configured starting with the symbol scheduled for PUSCH.

[0242] The following describes a method for determining the number and location of symbols to which the DMRS symbols of a combined PUSCH are mapped. The DMRS symbols described in this specification may refer to the symbols to which the DMRS is mapped.

[0243] Figure 27 The illustration illustrates a method for determining the location of symbols to which DMRS, included in repeatedly transmitted PUSCH, is mapped, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0244] A terminal can determine the location of a DMRS symbol by considering all or part of the consecutive PUSCH symbols constituting a combined PUSCH as a transport group. In this case, by applying PUSCH mapping type B only, the terminal can always map the DMRS to the first symbol in the consecutive PUSCH symbols constituting a transport group. If the base station configures (instructs) additional DMRS symbols for the terminal, the base station can configure the number of additional DMRS symbols for the terminal. The location of the additional DMRS symbols can be determined according to the PUSCH mapping type. A transport group can be consecutive PUSCH symbols or hops. (See reference) Figure 27In (a), the number of symbols for combined PUSCH#1, combined PUSCH#2, and combined PUSCH#3, each forming a transmission group, can be 8, 5, and 2, respectively. The terminal can map additional DMRS to symbol locations based on the number of additional DMRS configured by the base station according to the PUSCH mapping type. In this case, the number of additional DMRS can be configured via a higher layer. For example, if the number of additional DMRS symbols is 0, then DMRS are mapped to only the first symbol of each transmission group. If the number of additional DMRS symbols is 1, then the first and seventh symbols of combined PUSCH#1, the first and fifth symbols of combined PUSCH#2, and the first symbol of combined PUSCH#3 can be DMRS symbols. If the number of additional DMRS symbols is 2, then the first, fourth, and seventh symbols of combined PUSCH#1, the first and fifth symbols of combined PUSCH#2, and the first symbol of combined PUSCH#3 can be DMRS symbols. If the number of additional DMRS symbols is 3, then the first, fourth, and seventh symbols of combined PUSCH#1, the first and fifth symbols of combined PUSCH#2, and the first symbol of combined PUSCH#3 can be DMRS symbols. A PUSCH of length 1 in the time domain may not be transmitted. (See reference) Figure 27 (b) If repetitive PUSCH transmission via frequency hopping is configured, the number of symbols constituting a hop (transmission group) can be up to seven. Therefore, the location of DMRS symbols can be determined regardless of whether frequency hopping is configured. That is, DMRS symbols can be located in the same manner as in the case where frequency hopping is not configured (see [reference]). Figure 27 (a)

[0245] The following describes a method for performing new repeated PUCCH transmissions to address coverage issues (limited number of UL symbols available for repeated transmissions) that occur when performing repeated PUCCH transmissions. The PUCCH format used for repeated PUCCH transmissions described below can be PUCCH format 1, 3, or 4, which includes four or more symbols.

[0246] Figures 28 to 30 The illustration depicts a method for repeatedly transmitting PUCCH according to an embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 28 In this context, actual #n refers to the actual PUCCH of index n, while virtual #n refers to the virtual PUCCH of index n.

[0247] PUCCHs can be repeatedly transmitted regardless of time slot boundaries. That is, PUCCHs can be repeatedly transmitted across multiple time slots and within a single time slot. In other words, PUCCHs can be repeatedly transmitted within symbols including time slot boundaries. Based on the number of PUCCHs repeatedly transmitted as configured from the base station and the number of symbols used for PUCCHs, the terminal can determine the time domain (window) in which the nominal PUCCH is transmitted. The determined nominal PUCCH can be divided into actual PUCCHs based on time slot boundaries, DL symbols, and invalid symbols. Unlike repeated PUCCH transmission type B, to ensure repeated PUCCH transmission as much as possible, invalid symbols in the nominal PUCCH can include dummy symbols, and these dummy symbols can be transmitted in the UL symbols immediately following the symbols that enable PUCCH transmission. (Reference) Figure 28 The nominal PUCCH can be divided into actual PUCCH#1 to actual PUCCH#6 based on slot boundaries, DL symbols, and invalid symbols. In this case, invalid symbols in the nominal PUCCH (symbols 4, 5, and 11 in the second slot) include virtual PUCCH#1, and virtual PUCCH#1 can be transmitted on the earliest symbol among the subsequently transmittable UL symbols. An actual PUCCH can include fewer than 4 symbols. Therefore, the terminal needs to generate a combined PUCCH with a length of at least 4 symbols by combining each actual PUCCH. This is because the PUCCH format used for repeated PUCCH transmission should include 4 to 14 symbols. For example, if the first actual PUCCH has a length of less than 4 symbols and a second actual PUCCH is adjacent to the first actual PUCCH in the time domain, the first and second actual PUCCHs can be combined. In this case, adjacent means consecutive and refers to the case where there are no symbols between the first and second actual PUCCHs. (Reference) Figure 28 Actual PUCCH#2 and actual PUCCH#3 are adjacent. However, actual PUCCH#3 and actual PUCCH#4 are not adjacent because there are two invalid symbols (symbols 4 and 5 in the second time slot) between them. Two adjacent actual PUCCHs are possible. (See reference) Figure 28 Actual PUCCH#2 is adjacent to actual PUCCH#1 and actual PUCCH#3. Therefore, the terminal can select one PUCCH from two adjacent actual PUCCHs to be combined.

[0248] i) You can select the shorter PUCCH from two adjacent actual PUCCHs. (See reference) Figure 28The actual PUCCH#2 can be combined with the shorter of the actual PUCCH#1 and actual PUCCH#3. Actual PUCCHs consisting of three or fewer symbols may be discarded, but can be transmitted without being discarded by combining them. Furthermore, combining shorter actual PUCCHs reduces PUCCH DMRS overhead and thus increases data transmission rate. ii) The longer actual PUCCH can be selected from two adjacent actual PUCCHs. (See reference...) Figure 28 The actual PUCCH#2 can be combined with the longer of actual PUCCH#1 from the two actual PUCCH#1 and actual PUCCH#3. Because the longer actual PUCCH is selected and combined, it allows PUCCHs to be sent over a longer time resource, thus extending coverage. iii) The earlier actual PUCCH from two adjacent actual PUCCHs can be selected. (See reference...) Figure 28 This allows combining actual PUCCH#2 with the earlier of actual PUCCH#1 from the two actual PUCCH#1 and actual PUCCH#3. Since sending PUCCH from the earlier time resource is possible over a longer period, this extends coverage and reduces the latency of UCI transmission, including HARQ-ACK. iv) The later of two adjacent actual PUCCHs can be selected. (See reference...) Figure 28 The actual PUCCH#2 can be combined with the subsequent actual PUCCH#3 from the actual PUCCH#1 and actual PUCCH#3. In the case of PUCCH transmission including UCI that is not sensitive to delay, combining with the subsequent actual PUCCH enables PUCCH transmission over longer time resources, thereby extending coverage.

[0249] The combined PUCCH configured by combining the first and second actual PUCCHs can have a length of 14 or fewer symbols. The first and second actual PUCCHs are not combined in a manner that results in a number of symbols exceeding 14. In other words, if the actual PUCCH selected via i) to iv) is the second actual PUCCH, and the combined PUCCH configured by combining the first and second actual PUCCHs exceeds 14 symbols, a third actual PUCCH, i.e., another adjacent actual PUCCH to be combined with the first actual PUCCH, can be selected. In this case, if the length of the first actual PUCCH is 3 or fewer symbols, and there is no adjacent third actual PUCCH, the terminal can discard the first actual PUCCH without transmitting it. When the terminal repeatedly transmits PUCCHs including slot boundaries, the length of the repeatedly transmitted PUCCHs may not exceed the pre-configured number of symbols. The pre-configured number of symbols can be a value configured by the base station for the terminal. The configured number of symbols can be a value configured by the base station for the terminal or the maximum number of symbols constituting a slot. As another embodiment, when transmitting PUCCH on resources including time slot boundaries, the length of the PUCCH may be unlimited. That is, the terminal can transmit PUCCH to the base station on resources including time slot boundaries without limitation on the number of symbols. However, if the number of symbols is from 4 to 14 (inclusive), the described long PUCCH format can be used to transmit the PUCCH. Additionally, when the PUCCH is configured with resources including time slot boundaries, the number of symbols available for PUCCH transmission may exceed 14. In this case, since the existing PUCCH format includes only 14 or fewer symbols, a new PUCCH format with more than 14 consecutive symbols is required (hereinafter, described as the extended PUCCH format). That is, the terminal can transmit a PUCCH configured in the extended PUCCH format to the base station. Since the DMRS symbol and the subsequent symbol in which the UCI is transmitted are consecutive in the existing PUCCH format 1, the extended PUCCH format can be configured by partially modifying the existing PUCCH format 1. For example, a PUCCH comprising 15 symbols can have a structure where, in addition to the one symbol to which the DMRS is mapped in the existing PUCCH format 1, the DMRS is additionally mapped to a symbol consecutive to that one symbol. A PUCCH comprising 16 symbols can have a structure in which one symbol for the DMRS and one symbol for UCI transmission are added to the existing PUCCH format 1. In extended PUCCH formats that are partially modified from existing PUCCH formats 3 or 4, the position of the symbol to which the DMRS is mapped can be determined based on the number of additional symbols.For example, if one to three symbols are added, the added symbols can be configured by mapping them in the order of UCI symbols, DMRS symbols, and UCI symbols. That is, if one symbol is added, the added symbol can be a UCI symbol; if two symbols are added, the added symbol can be a UCI symbol and a DMRS symbol; and if three symbols are added, the added symbol can be a UCI symbol, a DMRS symbol, and a UCI symbol. If four or more symbols are added, the same configuration as for existing PUCCH Format 3 or PUCCH Format 4, which includes 4 to 14 symbols, can be applied to the added symbols.

[0250] The base station can configure resource areas for transmitting repeatedly transmitted PUCCHs, where multiple start symbols and multiple lengths can be configured within the resource areas. For example, two start symbols (S1 and S2) and two lengths (L1 and L2) can be configured in a resource area for transmitting PUCCHs. The terminal can determine the symbol in which to transmit the first repeated PUCCH based on S1 and L1. The terminal can determine the symbol in which to transmit the second repeated PUCCH based on S2 and L2. In this case, UCIs can be included in both the first and second repeated PUCCHs. Additionally, the base station can also configure information about time slot indices. In this case, the time slot indicated by the time slot index can be a time slot in which multiple start symbols and multiple lengths are configured. In this case, the first repeated PUCCH can be transmitted on the first time slot, and the second repeated PUCCH can be transmitted on the second time slot. If no information about time slot indices is configured, the first repeated PUCCH can be transmitted on the first time slot determined based on the K1 value, and the second repeated PUCCH can be transmitted on the second time slot following the first time slot. In this case, the second time slot can be the time slot immediately following the first time slot. Furthermore, the second timeslot can be the earliest possible timeslot in which a PUCCH transmission follows the first timeslot. That is, if the timeslot immediately following the first timeslot does not include UL resources available for PUCCH transmission, the second PUCCH can be transmitted in a timeslot that includes UL resources. As mentioned above, the K1 value can be a value indicated by the DCI.

[0251] The base station can configure multiple PUCCH resources for the terminal, and can configure a start symbol and a length in each PUCCH resource. The terminal can determine the symbol corresponding to a start symbol and a length from the symbols in each time slot where PUCCHs are repeatedly transmitted, and can determine whether the determined symbol is available for PUCCH transmission. Repeated PUCCH transmission can be performed in the time period with the longest consecutive symbol period among the symbols available for PUCCH transmission. (Reference) Figure 29The base station can configure a terminal with a start symbol (S) of 4 and a length (L) of 10, and can configure the terminal to repeatedly transmit PUCCH during two time slots. In other words, the base station configures PUCCH transmission to be performed using symbols 4 to 13. However, there may be cases where, based on the start symbol and length in the time slots configured by the base station, PUCCH cannot be transmitted during a symbol period. Symbols 0 to 9 in the first time slot are not available for PUCCH transmission. In this case, the first repeated PUCCH can be transmitted on symbols 10 to 13, which are the longest consecutive symbols available for PUCCH transmission within the configured symbol period. If flexible symbols are also available for PUCCH transmission, the first repeated PUCCH can be transmitted on symbols 8 to 13. Similarly, the second repeated PUCCH can be transmitted in symbols 6 to 10 of the second time slot. If there are no symbols available for PUCCH transmission in a particular time slot, or if the available symbol period is less than 4 symbols, then that particular time slot is not used for repeated PUCCH transmission. That is, the number of repeated PUCCH transmissions is not deducted.

[0252] Repeated PUCCH transmissions can be performed simultaneously both between and within time slots. If the base station configures repeated PUCCH transmissions between and within time slots for a terminal, resources for PUCCHs repeatedly transmitted within time slots and resources for PUCCHs repeatedly transmitted between time slots can be configured. Alternatively, in addition to the PUCCH resources configured for within time slots, additional PUCCH resources can be configured. That is, the PUCCH transmitted within a time slot is the first repeatedly transmitted PUCCH, and additional resources within time slots for the second repeatedly transmitted PUCCH can be configured. In this case, the starting position of the resources within time slots for the second repeatedly transmitted PUCCH can be determined by "the starting symbol position of the inter-time slot PUCCH - the number of symbols of the inter-time slot PUCCH", and the number of symbols can be configured to be equal to the number of symbols of the inter-time slot PUCCH. (See reference) Figure 30 A PUCCH starting with symbol 10 and having a length of 4 symbols can be configured for inter-slot repetition. In this case, since intra-slot repetition of the inter-slot repetition PUCCH is possible starting from symbol 6 in the second time slot, both inter-slot repetition PUCCH transmission and intra-slot repetition PUCCH transmission can be performed simultaneously on the second time slot.

[0253] The following section describes a frequency hopping method for obtaining diversity gain when performing repeated PUCCH transmissions to address coverage issues.

[0254] The terminal can determine the frequency hopping boundaries for performing repeated PUCCH transmissions based on specific boundaries. The information used to determine these specific boundaries is as follows: i) The specific boundaries can be determined based on the boundaries of repeated PUCCH transmissions. The terminal can transmit each repeatedly transmitted PUCCH via frequency hopping. (See reference...) Figure 28 The transition boundary can be the boundary of the nominal PUCCH, the boundary of the actual PUCCH, or the boundary of the combined PUCCH. A PUCCH can be repeatedly sent by transitioning to each of a nominal PUCCH, an actual PUCCH, or a combined PUCCH. (See reference) Figure 29 The terminal can transmit PUCCH repetition #1 in the first time slot and PUCCH repetition #2 in the second time slot via frequency hopping in different frequency domains. (See reference) Figure 30 The boundaries for repeated PUCCH transmission between and within time slots can be frequency hopping boundaries. Terminals can transmit the PUCCH of the first time slot and the PUCCH of the second time slot in different frequency domains. In this case, the repeated PUCCH transmitted within the second time slot can be configured with the same hop as the hop used for the repeated PUCCH transmitted between time slots in the second time slot, so that it is transmitted in the same frequency domain. Alternatively, the repeated PUCCH transmitted within the second time slot can be configured with the same hop as the hop used for the repeated PUCCH transmitted between time slots in the first time slot, so that it is transmitted in the same frequency domain. That is, each of the multiple repeatedly transmitted PUCCHs transmitted in one time slot can be transmitted in different frequency domains. In other words, the intra-time slot PUCCH and inter-time slot PUCCH of the second time slot can be transmitted in different frequency domains. ii) Time slot boundaries can be determined based on semi-statically configured DL symbols and invalid symbols. Symbols that can be used for continuous / discontinuous repeated PUCCH transmission up to the time slot boundary, semi-static DL symbols, or invalid symbols can be configured with the same hop. In other words, the symbols available for continuous / discontinuous repeated PUCCH transmissions before slot boundaries, semi-static DL symbols, or invalid symbols, and the symbols available for continuous / continuous repeated PUCCH transmissions after slot boundaries, semi-static DL symbols, or invalid symbols, can be configured with different hops. (Reference) Figure 28 Actual PUCCH#1, actual PUCCH#2, and actual PUCCH#3, which are configured with resources before symbol 4 in the second time slot (which is an invalid symbol), can be configured as the first hop. Actual PUCCH#4 and actual PUCCH#5, which are consecutive symbols configured after symbol 4 in the second time slot and available for repeated PUCCH transmission, can be configured as the second hop. Similarly, actual PUCCH#6 can be configured as the first hop. (See reference) Figure 29Because there are slot boundaries and invalid symbols between PUCCH repeat #1 and PUCCH repeat #2, PUCCH repeat #1 and PUCCH repeat #2 are configured to have different hops. (See reference) Figure 30 The inter-slot repetitive PUCCH in the first time slot can be configured with a first hop, while the intra-slot repetitive PUCCH and inter-slot repetitive PUCCH in the second time slot can be configured with a second hop. Different hops can be transmitted in different frequency domains.

[0255] Hopping boundaries can be determined based on the pre-configured number of symbols. That is, each of multiple hops can include the same number of symbols. The pre-configured number of symbols can be obtained based on PUCCH configuration information configured by the base station. i) Hops can be configured based on the value obtained by equally dividing the total number of symbols of the repeatedly transmitted actual PUCCH. Specifically, the number of symbols constituting the first hop can be floor(N). repeat PUCCH / 2) or ceil(N) repeat PUCCH / 2), and the number of symbols constituting the second jump can be N. repeat PUCCH / 2–floor(N repeat PUCCH / 2) or N repeat PUCCH / 2–ceil(N repeat PUCCH / 2). N repeat PUCCH This refers to the total number of symbols in the actual PUCCH. (See reference) Figure 28 Since the actual total number of symbols in a PUCCH is 15, the first hop can include 7 symbols (symbol 10 in the first time slot to symbol 2 in the second time slot), and the second hop can include 8 symbols (symbols 3, 6 to 10, and 12 and 13 in the second time slot). (See reference) Figure 29 Since the total number of symbols constituting a PUCCH is 9, the first hop can include 4 symbols (symbols 10 to 13 in the first time slot), and the second hop can include 5 symbols (symbols 6 to 10 in the second time slot). (See reference) Figure 30Since the total number of symbols constituting a PUCCH is 12, the first hop can include 6 symbols (symbols 10 to 13 in the first time slot and symbols 6 and 7 in the second time slot), and the second hop can include 6 symbols (symbols 8 to 13 in the second time slot). Alternatively, if the length of consecutive symbols included in one hop is two or fewer, then two or fewer consecutive symbols can be included in another hop. In this case, the other hop including two or fewer symbols can include symbols adjacent to the two or fewer consecutive symbols, and can be a hop that can be transmitted in the same frequency domain. (See reference) Figure 30 Symbols 6 and 7 in the second time slot of the first hop can be included in the second hop and transmitted. ii) A hop can be configured based on the minimum number of consecutive symbols among all symbols of the repeatedly transmitted PUCCH. See reference. Figure 28 The minimum number of consecutive symbols is 2 (actually PUCCH #2, #3, #6). Therefore, a hop can include two symbols. (See reference) Figure 29 The minimum number of consecutive symbols is 4 (PUCCH repeat #1). Therefore, the first hop can include 4 symbols (symbols 10 to 13 in the first time slot), and the second hop can include 4 symbols (symbols 6 to 9 in the second time slot). If the first and second hops are configured in this way, symbol 10 in the second time slot will remain unused, and the terminal may not send a PUCCH containing one symbol. That is, the terminal may discard symbol 10 in the second time slot. (See reference...) Figure 30 The minimum number of consecutive symbols is 4. Therefore, the first hop can include 4 symbols (symbols 10 to 13 in the first time slot), the second hop can include 4 symbols (symbols 6 to 9 in the second time slot), and the third hop can include 4 symbols (symbols 10 to 13 in the second time slot). iii) A hop can be configured with a pre-configured number of symbols. In this case, the pre-configured number of symbols can be a value configured by the base station for the terminal. Alternatively, the pre-configured number of symbols can be the number of symbols constituting a PUCCH, i.e., the number of symbols in a repeatedly transmitted PUCCH. Reference Figure 28 The pre-configured number of symbols can be 6. Therefore, the first hop can include 6 symbols (symbol 10 in the first time slot to symbol 1 in the second time slot), the second hop can include 6 symbols (symbols 2, 3, 6 to 9 in the second time slot), and the third hop can include 3 symbols (symbols 10, 12, and 13 in the second time slot). In this case, the first and third hops can be transmitted on the same frequency domain resources or on different frequency domain resources. (See reference...) Figure 29 The pre-configured number of symbols can be the number of symbols in the first configured PUCCH ( Figure 29(10 in the original text). Therefore, all symbols for PUCCH repeat #1 and PUCCH repeat #2 can be configured in a single hop. (See reference...) Figure 30 The pre-configured number of symbols can be the number of symbols in a PUCCH ( Figure 30 (4) Therefore, the first hop may include 4 symbols (symbols 10 to 13 in the first time slot), the second hop may include 4 symbols (symbols 6 to 9 in the second time slot), and the third hop may include 4 symbols (symbols 10 to 13 in the second time slot). In this case, the first and third hops can be transmitted on the same frequency domain resources or on different frequency domain resources. (iv) A hop can be configured based on the number of the longest consecutive symbols among all symbols of the repeatedly transmitted PUCCH. For example, the value calculated by equally dividing the number of the longest consecutive symbols can be the number of symbols constituting a hop. Specifically, the number of symbols constituting the first hop can be floor(N) repeat PUCCH / 2) or ceil(N) repeat PUCCH / 2), and the number of symbols constituting the second jump can be N. repeat PUCCH –floor(N repeat PUCCH / 2) or N repeat PUCCH –ceil(N repeat PUCCH / 2). N repeat PUCCH This can be the number of the longest consecutive symbols. (This is related to min(floor(N)) repeat PUCCH / 2),N repeat PUCCH -floor(N repeat PUCCH / 2)) or max(floor(N repeat PUCCH / 2),N repeat PUCCH -floor(N repeat PUCCH The value corresponding to / 2)) can be the number of symbols that make up a jump. (This is related to min(ceiling(N)) repeat PUCCH / 2),N repeat PUCCH -ceiling(N repeat PUCCH / 2)) or max(ceiling(N repeat PUCCH / 2),N repeatPUCCH -ceiling(N repeat PUCCH The corresponding value for / 2)) can be the number of symbols that make up a jump. max(a,b) is a function that returns the larger of a and b, while min(a,b) is a function that returns the smaller of a and b. (See reference) Figure 28 The longest consecutive symbol count is 8, which is the sum of the actual PUCCH#1 symbols, the actual PUCCH#2 symbols, and the actual PUCCH#3 symbols. Therefore, the value of 4, obtained by dividing the sequence into 8 equal parts, could be the number of symbols constituting a jump. (See reference) Figure 29 The longest consecutive symbol count is 5 times the number of symbols that constitute PUCCH repeat #2. Therefore, 2 or 3 can be the number of symbols that make up a jump.

[0256] If the number of consecutive symbols is less than the number of symbols that make up a jump, then the corresponding symbols will be changed.

[0257] The following section describes a method for resolving coverage issues without combining multiple PUSCHs.

[0258] Figure 31 and Figure 32 The illustration shows a method for repeated PUSCH transmission according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0259] PUSCHs can be transmitted on resources including slot boundaries. Resources including slot boundaries can be configured to have a length not exceeding a predetermined length. That is, PUSCHs transmitted on resources including slot boundaries can be transmitted on resources with a number of symbols equal to or less than a pre-configured number of symbols. The pre-configured length can be a value configured by the base station for the terminal. Alternatively, the pre-configured length can be the maximum number of symbols constituting a slot. The length of resources including slot boundaries may be unlimited. That is, the terminal can transmit PUSCHs without limiting the number of symbols. In this case, the base station can configure the location of DMRSs included in the PUSCH. For example, if the length of the resource including slot boundaries is 14 symbols or fewer, DMRS mapping can be performed in the same manner as existing PUSCH structures. If the length of the resource including slot boundaries exceeds 14 symbols, existing PUSCH structures including 1 to 14 symbols can be equally applied to symbols exceeding 14 symbols. In other words, if the length of the resource including the slot boundary is 15 or 28 symbols, and PUSCH mapping type B is applied, then the preceding DMRS can be mapped to the first symbol (i.e., the fifteenth symbol) among symbols exceeding 14 symbols. Furthermore, if additional DMRS are configured, the additional DMRS can be mapped by applying the DMRS positions applied to the existing PUSCH structure, which includes 2 to 14 symbols, to symbols exceeding 14 symbols.

[0260] The base station can configure the terminal to repeatedly transmit PUSCH on resources that include time slot boundaries. In this case, the terminal can repeatedly transmit PUSCH based on specific boundaries. i) The specific boundary can be a time slot boundary. That is, the terminal can repeatedly transmit PUSCH by determining the time slot boundary as the basis for repeated transmission. (See reference) Figure 31 PUSCH can be repeatedly transmitted on 6 symbols including the slot boundary. If the 6 symbols starting from symbol 12 of slot n include the slot boundary, PUSCH can be repeatedly transmitted from symbol 12 of slot n to symbol 3 of slot n+1. ii) A specific boundary can be a virtual slot boundary. A virtual slot boundary is a slot boundary that is redefined independently of existing slot boundaries and can be defined when PUSCH is transmitted on a resource that includes existing slot boundaries. Reference Figure 32The base station can configure the terminal to repeatedly transmit a PUSCH of 6 symbols in time slot n-1, starting from symbol 12, over two time slots. In this case, the first symbol of the repeatedly transmitted PUSCH (symbol 12 in time slot n-1) can be the starting point of the virtual time slot boundary. Alternatively, the PUSCH can be transmitted as many times as configured for repeated transmission. That is, the symbol at the start of PUSCH transmission can be the first symbol of the virtual time slot. The maximum number of symbols constituting a virtual time slot can be greater than or equal to 14 for a normal CP and greater than or equal to 12 for an extended CP.

[0261] To improve the coverage of PUCCH and PUSCH, DMRS in different PUCCHs and PUSCHs that are repeatedly transmitted can be combined and used for channel estimation.

[0262] By convention, DMRS included in the repeatedly transmitted first PUCCH is used for channel estimation during decoding of the first PUCCH, while DMRS included in the repeatedly transmitted second PUCCH is used for channel estimation during decoding of the second PUCCH. That is, DMRS included in different PUCCHs are only used for decoding the PUCCH containing the corresponding DMRS. Below, a method for a base station to perform channel estimation (hereinafter referred to as joint channel estimation) by jointly including DMRS in different PUCCHs / PUSCHs will be described. For convenience, the following method is described based on PUCCHs; however, it is clear that the method also applies to PUSCHs.

[0263] Joint channel estimation conditions

[0264] - Same starting PRB index: The starting position of the PRB to which the DMRS is mapped in different repeated PUCCHs should be the same in the frequency domain.

[0265] - Same number of PRBs: The number of PRBs to which DMRS are mapped in PUCCHs transmitted at different repetitions should be the same in the frequency domain.

[0266] - Phase continuity: DMRS, including those transmitted in different PUCCHs, need to maintain the same phase.

[0267] - Same beamforming: DRMS ​​included in PUCCHs transmitted at different repetitions should be configured with the same beamforming.

[0268] - Same transmit power: DMRS included in PUCCHs that are transmitted at different repetitions should be transmitted with the same transmit power.

[0269] - Same Quasi-Co-address (QCL): DMRS included in different repeatedly transmitted PUCCHs need to have the same quasi-co-address (QCL).

[0270] The first DMRS included in the repeatedly transmitted first PUCCH and the second DMRS included in the second PUCCH can be mapped to different symbols and transmitted on different symbols. That is, the first DMRS can be mapped to one of the symbols scheduled for transmitting the first PUCCH, and the second DMRS can be mapped to one of the symbols scheduled for transmitting the second PUCCH. For the base station to perform channel estimation by combining the first and second DMRS, the above conditions should be met. The base station can perform channel estimation by combining the first and second DMRS and can receive the repeatedly transmitted first and second PUCCHs based on the channel estimation results.

[0271] Joint channel estimation method

[0272] The detailed method for joint channel estimation will be described below.

[0273] Figure 33 The illustration shows a method for repeatedly sending PUCCH resources according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0274] refer to Figure 33 The base station can send the following information to configure the resources in which PUCCH is sent.

[0275] - Start Symbol Index: The index of the symbol at which PUCCH transmission begins in the time domain.

[0276] - Number of symbols: The number of symbols used for PUCCH transmission in the time domain. PUCCH format 0 or 2 is used for PUCCH transmission in 1 or 2 symbols. PUCCH format 1, 3, or 4 is used for PUCCH transmission in 4 to 14 symbols. PUCCH format 0 or 2 can be described as a short PUCCH, and PUCCH format 1, 3, or 4 can be described as a long PUCCH.

[0277] -Starting PRB Index: The index of the PRB at the start of PUCCH transmission in the frequency domain.

[0278] - Number of PRBs: The number of PRBs used for PUCCH transmission in the frequency domain. PUCCH format 0, 1, or 4 are formats for PUCCH transmission in 1 PRB. PUCCH format 2 is a format for PUCCH transmission in 1 to 16 PRBs. PUCCH format 3 is a format for PUCCH transmission in 1 PRB, as well as 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12, 15, and 16 PRBs.

[0279] - Maximum bit rate: The maximum bit rate that can be used for PUCCH. Terminals cannot send PUCCHs including UCI at a bit rate exceeding the maximum bit rate.

[0280] The terminal needs to determine the number of PRBs to be used for PUCCH transmission in the PUCCH format. First, the terminal can determine the number of bits (0 bits) of the UCI included in the PUCCH. The UCI may include a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC). Additionally, the terminal can determine the number (N) of REs to which the UCI of each PRB is mapped. The UE can determine the number of REs other than those mapped to the DMRS. When transmitting PUCCH over M PRBs, the code rate can be calculated using O / (M*N*Q), where Q can refer to the modulation order used for PUCCH transmission. In this case, the calculated code rate should be equal to or lower than the maximum code rate. That is, O / (M*N*Q) ≤ maximum code rate. In PUCCH formats 2 or 3, which allow the use of multiple PRBs, the number of PRBs can be adjusted so that the code rate is equal to or lower than the maximum code rate. That is, among the possible number of PRBs (M), the minimum number of PRBs that satisfies (M*N*Q) ≤ maximum code rate can be selected. In this scenario, a minimum selectable PRB value can be pre-configured, and a number of PRBs not less than the minimum value can be selected. The number of REs (N) can be determined based on the number of symbols used for PUCCH transmission. As the number of symbols used for PUCCH transmission increases, the number of REs can increase. Specifically, N can be set as N0. sc,ctrl and N symb-UCI The product of N is given. sc,ctrl N is the number of REs used to transmit UCI in one symbol corresponding to one PRB. symb-UCI This is the number of symbols used to transmit UCI. For PUCCH format 2, N sc,ctrl It can be 8, while for PUCCH format 3, N sc,ctrl It can be 12. For PUCCH format 2, N symb-UCI This can be the number of symbols used for PUCCH transmission, and for PUCCH format 3, N symb-UCIIt can be the number of symbols used for PUCCH transmission, in addition to the symbols mapped to by DMRS.

[0281] Figure 34 The illustration shows the transmission of correspondingly repeated PUCCHs within the same symbol length (number of symbols) according to an embodiment of this disclosure. Figures 35 to 37 The illustration shows PUCCHs being transmitted repeatedly in different symbol lengths according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0282] refer to Figure 34 Each of PUCCH0 and PUCCH1 can include the same UCI. In this case, the length (number of symbols) of the resource in which PUCCH0 is transmitted can be the same as the length of the resource in which PUCCH1 is transmitted. PUCCH0 and PUCCH1 can occupy the same PRB. The number of PRBs can be determined by the method described above. Each of PUCCH0 and PUCCH1 can include symbols for transmitting DMRS. The base station can perform channel estimation by combining the DMRS of PUCCH0 (mapped to the twelfth symbol of time slot n) and the DMRS of PUCCH1 (mapped to the second symbol of time slot n+1). Additionally, the base station can receive the UCI transmitted on PUCCH0 and PUCCH1 via joint channel estimation. (See reference...) Figure 35 Each of PUCCH0 and PUCCH1 can include the same UCI. In this case, the length of the resources in which PUCCH0 is transmitted can be different from the length of the resources in which PUCCH1 is transmitted. PUCCH0 can be transmitted on 4 symbols, and PUCCH1 can be transmitted on 11 symbols. Since the lengths of the resources in which PUCCH0 and PUCCH1 are transmitted are different, the number of PRBs occupied by PUCCH0 and PUCCH1 can be different from each other. For example, PUCCH0 transmitted on 4 symbols may occupy more PRBs than PUCCH1 transmitted on 11 symbols. The number of PRBs can be determined by the method described above. In the overlapping PRBs occupied by PUCCH0 and PUCCH1, channel estimation can be performed by joint DMRS. However, since DMRS for PUCCH1 is not transmitted in non-overlapping PRBs, joint channel estimation may be impossible. Therefore, the base station can estimate different channels based on the PRBs, and errors may occur in the channel estimates. Methods to overcome this error will be described below. When performing repeated PUCCH transmissions via frequency hopping, the method described later may not be applicable.

[0283] The number of PRBs for each of the corresponding repeatedly transmitted PUCCHs can be calculated independently of each other. That is, the number of PRBs can be determined based on the number of symbols allocated to each repeatedly transmitted PUCCH.

[0284] Methods for determining the number of PRBs

[0285] Method 1

[0286] i) The starting PRB index of each repeatedly transmitted PUCCH can be the same as the starting PRB index of the first repeatedly transmitted PUCCH. (See reference) Figure 35 PUCCH0 and PUCCH1 contain different numbers of PRBs, but the starting PRB index of PUCCH1 is the same as the starting PRB index of PUCCH0. If the starting PRB index of a repeatedly transmitted PUCCH is determined to be the starting PRB index of the first transmitted PUCCH, the following problem arises: joint channel estimation is possible for PRBs corresponding to the low-frequency domain, but not for PRBs corresponding to the high-frequency domain. ii) The last PRB index of each repeatedly transmitted PUCCH can be the same as the last PRB index of the first repeatedly transmitted PUCCH. The last PRB index is the index of the PRB corresponding to the highest frequency domain occupied by the PUCCH in the frequency domain, and can be calculated as the sum of the starting PRB index and the number of PRBs. Reference Figure 36 PUCCH0 and PUCCH1 can include different numbers of PRBs. In this case, the last PRB index of PUCCH1 is the last PRB index of PUCCH0. If the last PRB index of the repeatedly transmitted PUCCH is determined to be the last PRB index of the first transmitted PUCCH, the following problem exists: joint channel estimation is possible for PRBs corresponding to the high-frequency domain, but not for PRBs corresponding to the low-frequency domain. iii) In the frequency domain of the resources of the corresponding repeatedly transmitted PUCCHs, the center resources can be matched. Reference Figure 37PUCCH0 and PUCCH1 can have different start symbol indices. In this case, the centers of the resources constituting PUCCH0 in the frequency domain and the centers of the resources constituting PUCCH1 in the frequency domain can be configured to match as closely as possible. For example, the number of PRBs configured for PUCCH0 can be M0, and the start symbol index can be S0. Similarly, the number of PRBs configured for PUCCH1 can be M1, and the start symbol index can be S1. In this case, S1 can be obtained by summing S0 with the value returned after applying the pre-configuration function to the value obtained by dividing the difference between the PRBs configured for PUCCH0 and PUCCH1 by 2. That is, S1 can be calculated as shown in Equation 1.

[0287] [Equation 1]

[0288] S1 = S0 + f(M0 - M1) / 2) In this case, f(x) can be one of ceil(x), floor(x), and round(x). round(x) can return an integer value rounded to the nearest integer. In this case, if M0 is greater than M1, S1 can be negative, such that S1 can be restricted to integers greater than or equal to 0. That is, S1 can be calculated using max{0, S0 + f((M0 - M1) / 2)}. Since the resources in which PUCCH1 is sent starting from S1 may cross the active UL BWP boundary, S1 can be restricted to the value where the last PRB index of PUCCH 1 is within the active UL BWP. That is, it can be calculated using min{N RB S1 is calculated from -M1,S0+f((M0-M1) / 2)}. RB This can be the number of PRBs included in the active UL BWP. iv) The base station can configure offset values ​​for the terminal. S1 can be calculated from S0 + offset. That is, the starting PRB index can be determined using the offset within a frequency hop.

[0289] When using method 1, joint channel estimation is impossible for PUCCHs that are repeatedly transmitted in non-overlapping PRB regions, and only individual estimation is possible.

[0290] Method 2

[0291] The number of PRBs corresponding to the correspondingly repeatedly sent PUCCHs can be the same.

[0292] Figure 38 The illustration shows a case where the same number of PRBs are configured for correspondingly repeatedly transmitted PUCCHs according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0293] i) The same number of PRBs can be configured for the remaining repeatedly transmitted PUCCHs as the number configured for the first repeatedly transmitted PUCCH. That is, the number of PRBs allocated to the repeatedly transmitted PUCCHs can be determined based on the number of symbols configured for the first repeatedly transmitted PUCCH. In this case, the determined number of PRBs may be independent of the number of symbols allocated to each corresponding repeatedly transmitted PUCCH. (See reference) Figure 38 The number of PRBs allocated to PUCCH0 can be determined based on the four symbols used for PUCCH0 transmission. The same number of PRBs allocated to PUCCH0 can be allocated to PUCCH1. In this case, since the number of PRBs is determined with respect to the maximum code rate of PUCCH0, it may not be suitable for the maximum code rate of PUCCH1. For example, if the number of symbols allocated to the earliest time-repeated PUCCH is large, the maximum code rate can be satisfied even if the number of PRBs is small. Therefore, if the number of symbols for PUCCHs retransmitted after the first retransmission is small, the maximum code rate may not be satisfied. ii) As described above, the same number of PRBs can be configured for the remaining retransmitted PUCCHs as the number configured for the first retransmitted PUCCH. In this case, the code rate can be calculated for each retransmitted PUCCH. If the calculated code rate is greater than the maximum code rate, the terminal may not transmit the corresponding PUCCH. The resources configured for the untransmitted PUCCH can be used for the retransmission of other adjacent PUCCHs. iii) The number of PRBs configured for repeatedly transmitted PUCCHs can be used to determine the number of PRBs configured for PUCCHs that have been allocated the minimum number of symbols among the repeatedly transmitted PUCCHs. That is, the terminal can identify the number of symbols allocated to each repeatedly transmitted PUCCH and can determine the number of PRBs based on the PUCCHs that have been allocated the minimum number of symbols. The determined number of PRBs can be applied regardless of the number of symbols allocated to the repeatedly transmitted PUCCHs. (See reference) Figure 38 Four symbols (three for UCI transmission) can be assigned to PUCCH0, and eleven symbols (nine for UCI transmission) can be assigned to PUCCH1. Therefore, the number of PRBs for PUCCH0, which is assigned the minimum number of symbols, can be the same as the number of PRBs for PUCCH1. In this case, when determining the small number of symbols, symbols mapped by DMRS are excluded, and symbols used only for UCI transmission can be used. iv) The maximum number of PRBs configured for each PUCCH can be used for all repeated PUCCH transmissions. (See reference) Figure 38If the number of PRBs configured for PUCCH0 is M0 and the number of PRBs configured for PUCCH1 is M1, then the larger value between M0 and M1 can be selected. PRBs corresponding to the selected value can be configured for PUCCH0 and PUCCH1. v) The same number of PRBs can be configured for each repeatedly transmitted PUCCH. That is, when scheduling repeated PUCCH transmissions, the base station can perform scheduling such that the number of PRBs configured for the corresponding repeatedly transmitted PUCCHs is the same.

[0294] Method 3

[0295] Figure 39 and Figure 40 The diagram illustrates a PRB configured for DMRS transmission for each repeatedly transmitted PUCCH according to an embodiment of this disclosure. In this case, the number of PRBs configured for DMRS transmission for each repeatedly transmitted PUCCH can be the same.

[0296] i) Reference Figure 39 The number of PRBs (Programmable Buffers) not exceeding the maximum code rate can be calculated for each repeatedly transmitted PUCCH. When the number of PRBs required to transmit PUCCH0 is M0 and the number of PRBs required to transmit PUCCH1 is M1, the PRB corresponding to the larger of M0 and M1 can be used for DMRS transmission. That is, DMRS included in PUCCH1 can be transmitted via M0 PRBs. In other words, all DRMS ​​included in the correspondingly repeatedly transmitted PUCCH can be transmitted via the same number of PRBs. In this case, UCI (User Code Indicator) can be transmitted on the PRBs required for each PUCCH transmission. UCI included in PUCCH1 can be transmitted via M1 PRBs.

[0297] ii) The number of PRBs used for DMRS transmission in some PUCCHs included in repeatedly transmitted PUCCHs can be the same. In this case, some PUCCHs can be time-adjacent PUCCHs. For example, the number of PRBs configured to be the same can be the larger of the number of PRBs configured for two adjacent PUCCHs. As another example, the number of PRBs configured to be the same can be determined based on the time interval between the symbols to which DMRS is mapped. Reference Figure 40The interval between the DMRS symbol included in PUCCH0 (the twelfth symbol in slot n) and the first DMRS symbol included in PUCCH1 (the third symbol in slot n+1) can be equal to or greater than a certain value (the window used for DMRS extension). In this case, the number of PRBs to which the DMRS included in PUCCH0 and PUCCH1 will be mapped can be the larger of the number of PRBs configured for PUCCH0 and the number of PRBs configured for PUCCH1.

[0298] For DMRS included in repeatedly transmitted PUCCH or PUSCH to be combined and used for channel estimation, the transmit power should be identical. The method for configuring transmit power equally (transmit power control) will be described below.

[0299] According to the 3GPP standard, the transmit power of PUSCH can be determined as shown in Table 4.

[0300] [Table 4]

[0301]

[0302]

[0303] In other words, if the terminal transmits PUSCH in the active UL BWP(b) of the carrier (f) of the serving cell (c), the transmission power can be determined as shown in Equation 2.

[0304] [Equation 2]

[0305]

[0306] In this case, △ can be determined as shown in Equation 3. TF,b,f,c (i).

[0307] [Equation 3]

[0308]

[0309] K s It can be 1.25 or 0. If PUSCH includes β offset PUSCH Then it can be 0. BPRE can be determined as shown in Equation 4.

[0310] [Equation 4]

[0311]

[0312] C is the number of code blocks transmitted via PUSCH, and Kr is the size (number of bits) of the r-th code block. N REIt is the number of REs allocated to PUSCH and can be calculated as shown in Equation 5.

[0313] [Equation 5]

[0314]

[0315] It is the number of symbols of the i-th PUSCH of the active UL BWP(b) of the carrier (f) allocated to cell (c). i is the index of the PUSCH. The number is obtained by excluding the subcarriers of the i-th PUSCH whose DMRS or phase tracking reference signal (PTRS) is mapped to the j-th symbol of the i-th PUSCH from the number of subcarriers constituting the RB. It is the number of PRBs of the i-th PUSCH of the active UL BWP(b) of the carrier (f) allocated to cell (c).

[0316] According to Change N RE According to N RE It can change △ TF,b,f,c (i), and the PUSCH transmit power can be changed.

[0317] The following section describes a method for joint channel estimation using DMRS while maintaining the PUSCH transmit power unchanged.

[0318] Methods for determining PUSCH transmit power

[0319] i) The terminal can calculate the transmission power of the first repeatedly transmitted PUSCH. The number of symbols used to transmit the first repeatedly transmitted PUSCH can be used to calculate N in Equation 5. RE In other words, This can be the number of symbols used to transmit the first repeatedly transmitted PUSCH. The transmission power of the first repeatedly transmitted PUSCH can be applied in the same way to all or some of the remaining repeatedly transmitted PUSCHs. That is, the transmission power of the first repeatedly transmitted PUSCH is applied regardless of the number of symbols used to transmit the remaining repeatedly transmitted PUSCHs. Some PUSCHs can be PUSCHs that are temporally adjacent to the first repeatedly transmitted PUSCH and transmitted on the same PRB (i.e., the same hop). Alternatively, some PUSCHs can be PUSCHs that include DMRS in which joint channel estimation using DMRS is possible.

[0320] ii) The terminal can calculate the transmission power of the PUSCH transmitted on the minimum number of symbols among the repeatedly transmitted PUSCHs. In this case, the calculated transmission power of the PUSCH can be used as the transmission power of all or some of the remaining repeatedly transmitted PUSCHs. Specifically, N in Equation 5 can be calculated using the number of symbols of the PUSCH transmitted on the minimum number of symbols. RE In other words, It can be the number of symbols of the PUSCH sent on the minimum number of symbols.

[0321] iii) The terminal can be based on N RE The average value of N is used to calculate the transmission power. In this case, N RE This can be the number of symbols used to send each repeatedly sent PUSCH.

[0322] iv) The terminal can calculate the transmission power of each repeatedly transmitted PUSCH individually. In this case, the maximum value among the calculated transmission powers can be the transmission power of all repeatedly transmitted PUSCHs.

[0323] According to the 3GPP standard, the transmit power of the PUCCH can be determined as shown in Equation 6.

[0324] [Equation 6]

[0325]

[0326] This is the number of PRBs determined for PUCCH transmission, and can be a value that varies depending on the number of symbols in which PUCCH is transmitted. Δ can be determined based on the number of symbols in which PUCCH is repeatedly transmitted. TF,b,f,c (i). Specifically, △ TF,b,f,c (i) When the PUCCH format is PUCCH format 0 or 1, it can be determined as shown in Equation 7, while when the PUCCH format is 2, 3 or 4, it can be determined as shown in Equation 8 or 9.

[0327] [Equation 7]

[0328]

[0329] [Equation 8]

[0330] Δ TF，b，f，c (i) = 10log 10 (K1·(n HARQ-ACK (i)+O SR (i)+O CSI (i)) / NRE (i))

[0331] [Equation 9]

[0332]

[0333] Equation 7 It is the number of symbols sent in the i-th PUCCH, and In PUCCH format 0, it is 2, while in PUCCH format 1, it can be the number of symbols constituting a time slot. △ UCI (i) is 0 for PUCCH format 0, while it can be obtained by 10log for PUCCH format 1. 10 (O UCI (i)) is used to calculate, where O UCI (i) can be the number of bits in the UCI.

[0334] If the number of bits in the UCI is less than or equal to 11 bits, then Equation 8, which applies to PUCCH formats 2, 3, and 4, can be applied, where K1 in Equation 8 can be 6. N in Equation 8... HARQ-ACK (i)+O SR (i)+O CSI (i) can be the number of UCI bits transmitted via PUCCH, where N can be calculated as shown in Equation 10, representing the number of REs. RE (i).

[0335] If the number of bits in the UCI is greater than or equal to 11 bits, then Equation 9, which applies to PUCCH formats 2, 3, and 4, can be applied, where K2 in Equation 9 can be 2.4. This satisfies BPRE(i) = (O... ACK (i)+O SR (i)+O CSI (i)+O CRC (i)) / N RE (i), and O ACK (i)+O SR (i)+O CSI (i)+O CRC (i) can be the number of UCI bits transmitted via PUCCH, where N can be calculated as shown in Equation 10, representing the number of REs. RE (i).

[0336] [Equation 10]

[0337]

[0338] N has been described above sc,ctrl and N symb-UCIAnd its description is therefore omitted. According to Equation 10, N RE It can be with N symb-UCI A proportional value. That is, if the number of symbols transmitted in each repeatedly transmitted PUCCH is different, the transmit power can be determined differently. The transmit power of a PUCCH can be determined based on the number of symbols transmitted in it. Therefore, a method is needed to determine the transmit power to be the same when the number of symbols in each repeatedly transmitted PUCCH is different in order to perform joint channel estimation of DMRS included in each PUCCH.

[0339] Methods for determining PUCCH transmit power

[0340] i) The terminal can calculate the transmit power of the first repeatedly transmitted PUCCH. When calculating the transmit power, the terminal can use the number of symbols and the number of PRBs used for the first repeatedly transmitted PUCCH. That is, if the PUCCH format is PUCCH format 0 or 1, then... This can be the number of symbols in the first repeated PUCCH transmission. If the PUCCH format is PUCCH format 2, 3, or 4, then N... symb-UCI It can be the number of symbols of the first repeatedly transmitted PUCCH, and The number of PRBs can be determined for transmitting the first repeatedly transmitted PUCCH. The transmission power of the first repeatedly transmitted PUCCH can be applied in the same way to all or some of the remaining repeatedly transmitted PUCCHs. That is, the transmission power of the first repeatedly transmitted PUCCH is applied regardless of the number of symbols used to transmit the remaining repeatedly transmitted PUCCHs. Some PUCCHs can be PUCCHs that are temporally adjacent to the first repeatedly transmitted PUCCH and transmitted on the same PRB (i.e., the same hop). Alternatively, some PUCCHs can be PUCCHs that include DMRS in which joint channel estimation using DMRS is possible.

[0341] ii) The terminal can calculate the transmission power of each repeatedly transmitted PUCCH individually. In this case, the maximum value among the calculated transmission powers can be the transmission power of all repeatedly transmitted PUCCHs.

[0342] The method for interpreting the frequency hopping flag bits will be described below. The base station can configure the terminal with a repeat PUSCH transmission mode of either PUSCH repeat type-A or PUSCH repeat type-B.

[0343] PUSCH repetition type-A can include i) inter-slot hopping and ii) intra-slot hopping. In inter-slot hopping, PUSCH is transmitted on a different frequency hop for each time slot, while intra-slot hopping instructs the terminal to divide the PUSCH configured in each time slot into two halves and transmit the divided PUSCH on the first frequency hop and the second frequency hop, respectively. The terminal can be configured from the base station to have either inter-slot hopping or intra-slot hopping.

[0344] PUSCH repetition type-B can include i) inter-slot hopping and ii) inter-repetition hopping. In inter-slot hopping, PUSCH is transmitted on different frequency hops for each time slot, while inter-repetition hopping instructs the terminal to transmit repeated nominal PUSCH on different frequency hops respectively. The terminal can be configured from the base station to have either inter-slot hopping or inter-repetition hopping.

[0345] The DCI used for PUSCH scheduling may contain a 1-bit frequency hopping flag. Terminals can use this flag to identify whether to perform frequency hopping.

[0346] If the base station configures inter-slot hopping of PUSCH repetition type-A for the terminal, the frequency hopping flag can indicate to the terminal whether to perform inter-slot hopping. However, if the number of repetition PUSCH transmissions is 1, the terminal can transmit PUSCH only in one time slot. That is, inter-slot hopping is not performed regardless of the frequency hopping flag. In other words, when inter-slot hopping is configured, if the number of repetition PUSCH transmissions is 1, the decision to perform inter-repetition hopping can be determined based on the bit value of the frequency hopping flag.

[0347] If the base station configures inter-slot hopping of PUSCH repetition type-B for the terminal, the frequency hopping flag can indicate to the terminal whether to perform inter-slot hopping. However, if PUSCH is only repeatedly transmitted on the same time slot, inter-slot hopping will not be performed regardless of the frequency hopping flag. In other words, when inter-slot hopping is configured, if PUSCH is only repeatedly transmitted on the same time slot, the value of the frequency hopping flag can determine whether to perform inter-slot hopping.

[0348] If the base station configures inter-repetition hopping of PUSCH repetition type-B for the terminal, the frequency hopping flag can indicate whether to perform inter-repetition hopping. However, if the number of repeated PUSCH transmissions is 1, the terminal can only transmit the repeated nominal PUSCH. In inter-repetition hopping, hopping is performed based on the repeated nominal PUSCH, such that if the number of repeated PUSCH transmissions is 1, inter-repetition hopping is not performed regardless of the value of the frequency hopping flag. That is, if the number of repeated PUSCH transmissions is 1, the value of the frequency hopping flag can be used to determine whether to perform inter-slot frequency hopping.

[0349] When performing uplink transmissions (e.g., PUSCH and PUCCH), terminals can use frequency hopping to obtain diversity gain in the frequency domain. In NR systems, uplink transmissions can be performed via up to two hops. A hop can refer to a different frequency band. The method for determining hops to obtain diversity gain in the frequency domain will be described below.

[0350] Skip to determine method

[0351] If intra-slot transitions are configured, the base station can configure (indicate) for the terminal the index of the symbol at the start of uplink transmission and the number of consecutive symbols used for uplink transmission. Based on the index of the starting symbol and the number of consecutive symbols, the terminal can determine the number of symbols in the first hop and the number of symbols in the second hop.

[0352] i) Specifically, if the number of consecutive symbols is N, the number of symbols in the first hop can be floor(N / 2), and the number of symbols in the second hop can be N-floor(N / 2). That is, the first hop can include floor(N / 2) consecutive symbols starting from the symbol indicated by the index of the starting symbol, while the second hop can include N-floor(N / 2) consecutive symbols following the last symbol of the first hop. The terminal can perform uplink transmissions by configuring more than two hops to achieve higher frequency domain diversity. Specifically, the following describes a method for determining four hops when the terminal has configured time slot transitions.

[0353] If the number of symbols configured for uplink transmission is N, then the number of symbols included in the first hop, second hop, third hop, and fourth hop can be determined based on N. First, N can be divided into the number of symbols included in the first hop and second hop (N...). 12 ) and the number of symbols included in the third and fourth jumps (N) 34 N 12 It can be calculated using floor(N / 2), where N... 34 It can be calculated using N-floor(N / 2). Based on N 12 The number of symbols included in the first hop (N1) and the number of symbols included in the second hop (N2) can be determined. Similarly, based on N... 34 The number of symbols included in the third jump (N3) and the number of symbols included in the fourth jump (N4) can be determined. Specifically, N1 to N4 can be calculated as shown in Equation 11.

[0354] [Equation 11]

[0355] N1 = floor(N 12 / 2)

[0356] N2=N 12 -floor(N 12 / 2)

[0357] N3 = floor(N 34 / 2)

[0358] N4 = N 34 -floor(N 34 / 2)

[0359] Equation 11 can be expressed as Equation 12.

[0360] [Equation 12]

[0361] N1 = floor(floor(N / 2) / 2)

[0362] N2=floor(N / 2)-floor(floor(N / 2) / 2)

[0363] N3 = floor((N-floor(N / 2)) / 2)

[0364] N4=N-floor(N / 2)-floor((N-floor(N / 2)) / 2)

[0365] Table 5 shows the number of symbols included in the first to fourth jumps, based on the number of symbols N.

[0366] [Table 5]

[0367] Number of signs (N) <![CDATA[First hop (N1)]]> <![CDATA[Second hop (N2)]]> <![CDATA[The third hop (N3)]]> <![CDATA[Fourth hop (N4)]]> 8 2 2 2 2 9 2 2 2 3 10 2 3 2 3 11 2 3 3 3 12 3 3 3 3 13 3 3 3 4 14 3 4 3 4

[0368] According to Table 5, the number of symbols included in the first to fourth jumps can differ by at most one symbol, depending on the number of symbols N.

[0369] For example, a terminal can transmit two uplink channels with a length of 14 symbols starting from the first symbol of a timeslot. The first uplink channel is transmitted via two hops, while the second uplink channel is transmitted via four hops. The first hop of the first uplink channel can include 7 symbols starting from the first symbol, and the second hop can include the remaining 7 symbols. That is, the boundary between the first and second hops of the first uplink channel can be between the seventh and eighth symbols of the timeslot. In other words, the boundary between the first and second hops of the first uplink channel can be the time point at the end of the seventh symbol and the start of the eighth symbol. The first hop of the second uplink channel can include 3 symbols starting from the first symbol, the second hop can include the following 4 symbols, the third hop can include the 3 symbols following the second hop, and the fourth hop can include the 4 symbols following the third hop. The second uplink channel can include the same boundary as the first uplink channel. That is, the boundary between the second and third hops of the second uplink channel is the same as the boundary between the first and second hops of the first uplink channel. Therefore, frequency hopping can be performed on the same boundary, which is effective in multiplexing two uplink channels of the same length starting from the same symbol via frequency hopping.

[0370] As another example, the first uplink channel may have a length of 7 symbols starting from the first symbol of the time slot, while the second uplink channel may have a length of 14 symbols starting from the first symbol of the time slot. In this case, the first uplink channel can be transmitted via two hops, and the second uplink channel may include four hops. The first hop of the first uplink channel may include 3 symbols starting from the first symbol, and the second hop may include the remaining 4 symbols. The boundary between the two hops of the first uplink channel may be between the third and fourth symbols of the time slot. In other words, the boundary between the two hops of the first uplink channel may be the time point at the end of the third symbol and the time point at the beginning of the fourth symbol. The first hop of the second uplink channel may include 3 symbols starting from the first symbol, the second hop may include the following 4 symbols, the third hop may include 3 symbols following the second hop, and the fourth hop may include 4 symbols following the third hop. Therefore, the second uplink channel may include the same boundary as the first uplink channel. That is, the boundary between the first and second hops of the second uplink channel may be the same as the boundary between the first and second hops of the first uplink channel. Therefore, frequency hopping can be performed on the same boundary, which is effective in multiplexing two uplink channels with different lengths starting from the same symbol via frequency hopping.

[0371] If the uplink channel is a PUSCH and the PUSCH is transmitted via up to four hops, each hop may include at least one DM-RS symbol. For example, when the PUSCH comprises 14 symbols and is transmitted via four hops, the first hop may include three symbols, the second hop may include four symbols, the third hop may include three symbols, and the fourth hop may include four symbols, where each hop includes at least one symbol to which the DM-RS is mapped. In this case, if the PUSCH mapping type is PUSCH mapping type B, the DMRS can be mapped to the first symbol of each hop. However, in the case of PUSCH mapping type A, it is necessary to determine the location of the symbol to which the DMRS is mapped. If PUSCH mapping type A is configured, the DMRS can be mapped to either the third or fourth symbol of the time slot. In this case, it can be indicated via the PBCH whether the DMRS is mapped to the third or fourth symbol. For example, if PUSCH mapping type A is configured, the terminal can determine the hops that overlap with the symbol to which the DMRS needs to be mapped. In this scenario, if there exists a hop that overlaps with the symbol to which the DMRS needs to be mapped, the DMRS can be mapped in the corresponding hop, and the PUSCH can be transmitted in that hop. That is, the DMRS can be mapped to the same position within the overlapping hop as the symbol to which the DMRS needs to be mapped. The position of the symbol to which the DMRS is mapped in a hop that does not overlap with the symbol to which the DMRS needs to be transmitted can be determined, as in PUSCH mapping type B. That is, the DMRS can be mapped to the first symbol in a hop that does not overlap with the symbol to which the DMRS is mapped. Specifically, there can be a case where the PUSCH is configured with 14 symbols, the mapping type is PUSCH mapping type A, and the DMRS is mapped to the fourth symbol via the PBCH. As mentioned above, when the PUSCH includes 4 hops, the number of symbols in the first hop can be 3. Therefore, since there is no fourth symbol in the first hop, the DMRS is not mapped. In this case, the terminal can assume that the length of the first hop is 4 and another hop of length 4 has a length of 3. For example, according to Table 5, the first to fourth hops include 3, 4, 3, and 4 symbols, and the terminal can assume that the length of the first hop is 4, and the length of the second or fourth hop is 3. For example, the terminal can assume that the lengths of the first to fourth hops are 4, 3, 3, and 4. Alternatively, the terminal can estimate the lengths of the hops used for DMRS mapping via permutation combinations of the corresponding hop lengths determined according to Table 5. For example, the terminal can assume that the lengths of the first to fourth hops are 4, 3, 4, and 3.

[0372] ii) If the number of symbols configured for uplink transmission is N, the number of symbols included in the first hop, second hop, third hop, and fourth hop can be determined based on N. Specifically, the number of symbols included in the first to fourth hops (N1 to N4) can be calculated as shown in Equation 13.

[0373] [Equation 13]

[0374] N1 = floor(N / 4)

[0375] N2 = floor(N / 2) - floor(N / 4)

[0376] N3 = ceil(N / 4)

[0377] N4 = N - floor(N / 2) - ceil(N / 4)

[0378] Table 6 shows the number of symbols included in the first to fourth jumps, based on the number of symbols N.

[0379] [Table 6]

[0380] Number of signs (N) <![CDATA[First hop (N1)]]> <![CDATA[Second hop (N2)]]> <![CDATA[The third hop (N3)]]> <![CDATA[Fourth hop (N4)]]> 8 2 2 2 2 9 2 2 3 2 10 2 3 3 2 11 2 3 3 3 12 3 3 3 3 13 3 3 4 3 14 3 4 4 3

[0381] According to Table 6, the number of symbols included in the first to fourth hops can differ by at most one symbol, depending on the number of symbols N. As in i) above, the method in ii) is also effective for multiplexing between two uplink channels of the same length starting from the same symbol. The method in ii) is also effective for multiplexing between two uplink channels of different lengths starting from different symbols. For example, there can be a first uplink channel of length 5 starting from the third symbol of the time slot, and a second uplink channel of length 9 starting from the first symbol of the time slot. In this case, the first uplink channel can be transmitted in two hops, and the second uplink channel can be transmitted in four hops. The first hop of the first uplink channel can include the third and fourth symbols of the time slot, while the second hop can include the fifth to seventh symbols of the time slot. The boundary between the first and second hops of the first uplink channel can be between the fourth and fifth symbols of the time slot. The first hop of the second uplink channel can include two symbols starting from the first symbol, the second hop can include the next two symbols, the third hop can include three symbols following the second hop, and the fourth hop can include two symbols following the third hop. Therefore, the second uplink channel can include the same boundary as the first uplink channel. That is, the boundary between the second and third hops transmitted by the second uplink is between the fourth and fifth symbols, and it can therefore include the same boundary as the first uplink channel. Thus, frequency hopping can be performed at the same boundary.

[0382] When a terminal transmits a PUSCH over up to two hops, if the PUSCH overlaps with a PUCCH on a certain symbol, the UCI of the PUCCH can be multiplexed with the PUSCH for transmission. In this case, the UCI can be split into two halves according to the UCI type, with one half multiplexed in the first hop and the other half multiplexed in the second hop. The UCI type can be HARQ-ACK, CSI Part 1, or CSI Part 2. For example, HARQ-ACK can be split into two as follows: G ACK (1) and G ACK (2). G ACK (1)=N L *Q M *floor(G ACK / (2*N L *Q M ), G ACK (2))=N L *Q M *ceil(G ACK / (2*N L *Q M )).

[0383] N L It is the number of layers in the PUSCH, and Q m It is the modulation order of PUSCH. HARQ-ACK can be based on G. ACK (1) It is reused in the first hop and can be based on G. ACK (2) It is reused in the second hop. CSI Part 1 and CSI Part 2 can also be reused in the corresponding hop in the same way.

[0384] When a terminal sends a PUSCH via up to four hops, if the PUSCH overlaps with the PUCCH on a certain symbol, the UCI of the PUCCH can be multiplexed with the PUSCH for transmission.

[0385] i) The terminal can divide the UCI into four segments and reuse the UCI in each of the four hops of the PUSCH. In this case, depending on the UCI type, the UCI can be divided into four segments, where the first 1 / 4 is reused in the first hop, the second 1 / 4 is reused in the second hop, the third 1 / 4 is reused in the third hop, and the last 1 / 4 is reused in the fourth hop. The size of the UCI reused in the respective hops can be calculated as shown in Equation 14 or Equation 15.

[0386] [Equation 14]

[0387] G ACK (1)=N L *Q M *floor(GACK / (4 * N L * Q M )

[0388] G ACK (2) = N L * Q M * ceil(G ACK / (4 * N L * Q M )

[0389] G ACK (3) = N L * Q M * floor(G ACK / (4 * N L * Q M )

[0390] G ACK (4) = N L * Q M * ceil(G ACK / (4 * N L * Q M )

[0391] [Equation 15]

[0392] G ACK (1) = N L * Q M * floor(floor(G ACK / (2 * N L * Q M ) / 2)

[0393] G ACK (2) = M L * Q M * ceil(floor(G ACK / (2 * N L * Q M ) / 2)

[0394] G ACK (3) = N L * Q M * floor(ceil(G ACK / (2 * N L * Q M ) / 2)

[0395] G ACK (4) = N L * Q M * ceil(ceil(G ACK / (2 * N L * Q M) / 2)

[0396] Based on G, either equation 14 or equation 15 can be used respectively. ACK (1) G ACK (2) G ACK (3) and G ACK (4) HARQ-ACK is reused in the first, second, third and fourth hops. CSI part 1 and CSI part 2 can also be reused in the corresponding hops in the same manner.

[0397] ii) The terminal can divide the UCI and multiplex it across the four hops of the PUSCH. In this case, the UCI can be divided into two halves according to the UCI type, with the first half multiplexed in the first and second hops, and the other half multiplexed in the third and fourth hops. Alternatively, the first half can be multiplexed in the first and third hops, and the other half can be multiplexed in the second and fourth hops. That is, the UCI is divided into two halves, and the divided UCI fragments can be repeatedly transmitted in each of the two hops. In this case, the sizes of the divided UCI (A, B) are as follows.

[0398] A = N L *Q M *floor(G ACK / (2*N L *Q M )),

[0399] B = N L *Q M *ceil(G ACK / (2*N L *Q M ))

[0400] Splitting the UCI in half, compared to splitting it into four, allows for the reuse of the method for determining the UCI size based on two hops defined in the existing NR system, and enables repeated transmission of the UCI in two different hops, making splitting the UCI in half reliable.

[0401] iii) Even if the PUSCH is configured to be transmitted via four hops, the terminal can divide the UCI and transmit it via two hops. That is, the UCI can be multiplexed and transmitted in two hops, and may not be multiplexed in the remaining two hops. The terminal can reuse the method for determining the UCI size based on the two hops defined in the existing NR system, and may not perform duplicate transmissions. Specifically, the method for selecting two hops from the four hops is as follows.

[0402] iii-a) The terminal can always select the two earliest hops in time. That is, when the PUSCH is divided into 4 hops, the terminal can multiplex and transmit the UCI in the earliest first and second hops in time, but may not multiplex the UCI in the later third and fourth hops in time. The base station can receive the UCI more quickly.

[0403] iii-b) The terminal can always choose the last two hops. That is, when the PUSCH is divided into four hops, the terminal can multiplex and send the UCI in the last three and fourth hops in time, and may not multiplex the UCI in the earlier first and second hops in time. The terminal can guarantee the time used to multiplex the UCI with the PUSCH. The terminal may need additional processing time to multiplex the UCI with the PUSCH. Compared with iii-a), in iii-b), because the UCI is multiplexed in the later hops, there is sufficient processing time, making it easy to implement iii-b).

[0404] (iii-c) The terminal can determine the two hops based on PUSCH hops that overlap with the PUCCH. For example, among PUSCH hops that overlap with the PUCCH, the earliest hop and the subsequent hop can be selected. As another example, among PUSCH hops that overlap with the PUCCH, the latest hop and the preceding hop can be selected. If two hops are selected based on PUSCH hops that overlap with the PUCCH, a timeline similar to the timeline (i.e., delay) during transmission via the PUCCH can be provided.

[0405] (iii-d) The terminal may choose two odd-numbered hops. That is, the terminal may multiplex and transmit the UCI in the first and third hops, but may not multiplex the UCI in the second and fourth hops. Alternatively, the terminal may choose two even-numbered hops. That is, the terminal may multiplex and transmit the UCI in the second and fourth hops, but may not multiplex the UCI in the first and third hops.

[0406] iii-e) The terminal can select the two furthest hops in the frequency domain. In the frequency domain, the distance can be calculated as the difference between the lowest PRBs of the corresponding hops. For example, when the first hop starts from PRB X1, the second from PRB X2, the third from PRB X3, and the fourth from PRB X4, the distance between the i-th and j-th hops in the frequency domain is calculated using |Xi-Xj|, and the two hops with the maximum distance can be selected based on this value. The terminal can multiplex and transmit UCIs in the selected two hops and may not multiplex UCIs in the remaining two hops. iii-e) is efficient in terms of frequency diversity.

[0407] (iii-f) The terminal may choose two hops that include a large number of symbols. For example, when the PUSCH is 14 symbols and the number of symbols constituting the first hop, second hop, third hop, and fourth hop is 3, 4, 3, and 4, the terminal may multiplex and transmit the UCI in the second and fourth hops, but may not multiplex the UCI in the first and third hops.

[0408] (iii-g) When selecting two hops via methods (iii-a) to (iii-f), hops that meet certain conditions can be excluded. The specific condition could be that the symbol to which the DMRS is mapped is located at the last symbol in the hop. This is because UCI cannot be reused in symbols following the symbol to which the DMRS is mapped. Alternatively, the specific condition could be that UCI cannot be reused after the symbol to which the DMRS is mapped due to a lack of resources in the hop.

[0409] (iii-h) The base station can configure the terminal to reuse UCI hops. This configuration can be configured via RRC signals and via DCI.

[0410] The following section describes a method for UCI multiplexing based on frequency hopping when repeatedly transmitting PUSCH. Terminals can repeatedly transmit the same TB via repeated PUSCH transmissions. For improved coverage, DMRS between different repeatedly transmitted PUSCH / PUCCHs can be combined and used for channel estimation.

[0411] Figure 41 The illustration shows the repeated transmission of PUSCH according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0412] Figure 42 and Figure 43 The illustration shows a method for reusing repeatedly transmitted PUSCH and including UCI in repeatedly transmitted PUSCH according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0413] A first DMRS, included in a repeatedly transmitted first PUSCH, and a second DMRS, included in a repeatedly transmitted second PUSCH, can be transmitted on different symbols. That is, the first DMRS can be transmitted on the first symbol among the symbols scheduled for the first PUSCH, and the second DMRS can be transmitted on the second symbol among the symbols scheduled for the second PUSCH. When the terminal transmits DMRS on different repeatedly transmitted PUSCHs, phase continuity should be satisfied. That is, the first PUSCH and the second PUSCH can be transmitted under the same beamforming conditions. Furthermore, the first PUSCH and the second PUSCH need to have the same quasi-co-location (QCL). Additionally, the transmit power used to transmit the first PUSCH and the transmit power used to transmit the second PUSCH should be the same. The base station can perform channel estimation by combining the first DMRS and the second DMRS, and can receive the repeatedly transmitted first PUSCH and the second PUSCH based on the channel estimation results.

[0414] Some PUSCHs that are repeatedly transmitted can be transmitted in the first frequency band, and the remaining PUSCHs can be transmitted in the second frequency band. In this case, the first frequency band can be the first hop, and the second frequency band can be the second hop. Therefore, multiple repeatedly transmitted PUSCHs can be included in the first hop, and other multiple repeatedly transmitted PUSCHs can be included in the second hop. (See reference) Figure 41 (a) The PUSCH can be configured to be repeatedly transmitted in four time slots. In this case, for inter-slot frequency hopping, the first PUSCH can be repeatedly transmitted in the first time slot, the second PUSCH can be repeatedly transmitted in the second time slot, the third PUSCH can be repeatedly transmitted in the third time slot, and the fourth PUSCH can be repeatedly transmitted in the fourth time slot. Here, the first and third frequency bands can be the same, and the second and fourth frequency bands can be the same. (See reference) Figure 41 (b) Joint channel estimation can be configured. In this case, a first PUSCH repetition in a first time slot and a second PUSCH repetition in a second time slot can be transmitted in the first frequency band, and a third PUSCH repetition in a third time slot and a fourth PUSCH repetition in a fourth time slot can be transmitted in the second frequency band. Furthermore, the DMRS included in the first PUSCH repetition and the DMRS included in the second PUSCH repetition can be combined and used for channel estimation in the first frequency band, and the DMRS included in the third PUSCH and the DMRS included in the fourth PUSCH can be combined and used for channel estimation in the second frequency band.

[0415] UCI reuse method

[0416] UCI included in repeatedly transmitted PUSCH can be reused and transmitted. In this case, if repeatedly transmitted PUSCH is transmitted in different frequency bands (different hops), frequency diversity cannot be obtained via UCI. Methods for obtaining frequency diversity via UCI will be described below. The PUSCH repetition described in this specification can have the same meaning as repeatedly transmitted PUSCH.

[0417] If multiple repeatedly transmitted PUSCHs are configured in each frequency band (each hop), then one PUSCH can be selected for each frequency band. i) The earliest time-series PUSCH can be selected for each frequency band (each hop). See reference. Figure 41 (b) A first PUSCH repetition and a second PUSCH repetition can be configured in the first frequency band (first hop), wherein the earlier of the two PUSCH repetitions can be selected. Similarly, if a third and fourth PUSCH repetition are configured in the second frequency band (second hop), the earliest of the two PUSCH repetitions can be selected. Therefore, UCI can be multiplexed with the first and third PUSCH repetitions and transmitted. ii) In each frequency band (each hop), the latest of the two PUSCH repetitions can be selected. Reference Figure 41 (b) If a first PUSCH repetition and a second PUSCH repetition are configured in the first frequency band (first hop), the second PUSCH repetition, which is the last in time, can be selected. Similarly, if a third PUSCH repetition and a fourth PUSCH repetition are configured in the second frequency band (second hop), the fourth PUSCH repetition, which is the last in time, can be selected. Therefore, UCI can be multiplexed with the second and fourth PUSCH repetitions and transmitted. Compared to UCI multiplexing in earlier PUSCH repetitions, the method of UCI multiplexing in later PUSCH repetitions can guarantee the time required for UCI multiplexing. The PUSCH repetitions including UCI according to the methods described in i) and ii) above may not be PUSCH repetitions that are consecutive in time. Therefore, the base station may need to store UCI included in one PUSCH repetition and wait for another PUSCH repetition. Therefore, additional hardware for UCI storage may be required. A method for transmitting UCI in consecutive PUSCHs will be described. iii) It is possible to select the frequency band (hop) earlier in time to be positioned as the last PUSCH repeat, and to select the frequency band (hop) later in time to be positioned as the earliest PUSCH repeat. (See reference) Figure 41(b) In the first frequency band (first hop), the later-timed second PUSCH repetition can be selected from the first and second PUSCH repetitions configured. Similarly, in the second frequency band (second hop), the earlier-timed third PUSCH repetition can be selected. Therefore, UCI can be multiplexed with the second and third PUSCH repetitions and transmitted. That is, UCI can be multiplexed with the second and third PUSCH repetitions that are consecutive in time and transmitted. (iv) The base station can configure the index of the PUSCH repetitions in which UCI is multiplexed. The terminal can multiplex UCI with the PUSCH repetitions determined according to the index configured by the base station and transmit UCI.

[0418] In the frequency domain, DMRS included in PUSCHs repeatedly transmitted within the same PRB can be combined and used for channel estimation (joint channel estimation). To reduce DMRS overhead, improve channel estimation accuracy, and transmit a large amount of data for joint channel estimation, it is necessary to reduce the density of symbols to which DMRS are mapped or to perform DMRS-less repeated PUSCH transmission. The following describes information configured by the base station for the terminal to configure the number of symbols to which DMRS included in the PUSCH are mapped. Hereinafter, repeatedly transmitted PUSCHs within the same PRB can be described as PUSCH bundles.

[0419] - Time Domain Resource Allocation (TDRA): Resource allocation information in the time domain. This may include the PUSCH mapping type in the time domain, as well as the PUSCH start symbol index and length.

[0420] - Frequency hopping flag: A flag indicating whether frequency hopping of the PUSCH is performed. It is indicated by a size of 1 bit in the DCI format 0_1 ​​or 0_2 included in the PDCCH.

[0421] -dmrs-AdditionPosition: Information about the number and position of symbols to which the DMRS is mapped, which is added based on the number of symbols that make up the PUSCH configured from a higher level.

[0422] If the PUCCH and PUSCH overlap in the time domain, the terminal can multiplex the UCI with the earliest PUSCH in the time domain among the overlapping PUSCHs and may not send the PUCCH. When the UCI is multiplexed with the PUSCH, to ensure reliability, HARQ-ACK can be mapped starting from the symbol immediately following the symbol to which the DMRS of the PUSCH is mapped. CSI-part 1 and CSI-part 2 can be mapped after the symbol to which the HARQ-ACK is mapped. In this case, if the HARQ-ACK is 2 bits or less, the HARQ-ACK can be punctured, and if the HARQ-ACK is more than 2 bits, the HARQ-ACK can be rate-matched. However, if the PUCCH and PUSCH are bundled and overlapped, there may be no symbol to which the DMRS is mapped in the PUSCH, and the UCI may not be multiplexed. The following describes a method for ensuring the reliability of the UCI and obtaining PUSCH coverage gain via UCI multiplexing.

[0423] To ensure the reliability of UCI, the terminal can multiplex UCI only in PUSCHs with symbols mapped to by DMRS. For joint channel estimation, the PUSCH in which UCI is multiplexed can be selected based on information to be described later. Based on the first information, if a PUSCH overlapping with a PUCCH has symbols mapped to by DMRS, the terminal can select that overlapping PUSCH for UCI multiplexing. In other words, adjacent PUSCHs in the same PRB as the overlapping PUSCH are not considered during UCI multiplexing. Based on the second information, PUSCHs with symbols mapped to by DMRS are selected from PUSCHs that are continuous in the time domain and located in the same PRB in the frequency domain, and UCI can be multiplexed. The terminal can segment UCI and multiplex UCI not only in PUSCHs overlapping with PUCCHs but also in all PUSCHs that are continuously and repeatedly transmitted in the same PRB as the PRB used for overlapping PUSCHs and have symbols mapped to by DMRS. Based on the third information, if a PUSCH overlapping with a PUCCH does not have a symbol mapped to by DMRS, the terminal can multiplex the UCI among the k nearest neighbor PUSCHs of the overlapping PUSCH and transmit the multiplexed UCI. Based on the fourth information, if a PUSCH overlapping with a PUCCH has a symbol mapped to by DMRS, the terminal can multiplex the UCI among the k nearest neighbor PUSCHs of the overlapping PUSCH and transmit the multiplexed UCI. In the third and fourth information, the neighboring PUSCHs should be PUSCHs that satisfy the aforementioned UCI multiplexing conditions, and the value of k can be a value configured by the base station.

[0424] The terminal can select to multiplex UCI PUSCHs regardless of whether the repeatedly transmitted PUSCH includes DMRS. i) UCIs can be equally segmented and multiplexed in repeatedly transmitted PUSCHs. The terminal can segment UCIs into pieces of as equal size as possible and multiplex UCIs in all PUSCHs within a PUSCH bundle that overlaps with the PUCCH. For example, UCIs can be multiplexed only in PUSCHs within a PUSCH bundle that overlaps with the PUCCH. As another example, the terminal can multiplex UCIs not only in PUSCH bundles that overlap with the PUCCH but also in PUSCH bundles configured in different hops in the frequency domain. In addition to joint channel estimation, UCI multiplexing can also be effective when extending coverage via frequency diversity gain. ii) UCIs can be multiplexed in specific PUSCHs within repeatedly transmitted PUSCHs. UCIs can be multiplexed in PUSCHs corresponding to odd or even indices within a PUSCH bundle that overlaps with the PUCCH. iii) UCI ​​can be multiplexed from an equal number of PUSCHs configured (indicated) by the base station from PUSCH bundles overlapping with PUCCH. The base station can configure (provide) the terminal with information (values) about the offset and period of the PUSCH in which UCI will be multiplexed. (See reference) Figure 42 The base station can configure (indicate) offset 1 and period 2 for the terminal. The terminal can multiplex and transmit UCI in the first and fourth PUSCHs within a PUSCH bundle overlapping with the PUCCH. Additionally, the base station can configure (provide) information (values) about the indices of the PUSCHs in which the UCI will be multiplexed. (Reference) Figure 43 If the base station configures index 2 for the terminal, the terminal can multiplex and transmit UCI in the third PUSCH of the PUSCH bundle. iv) UCI ​​can be multiplexed in the earliest time-domain PUSCH of the PUSCH bundle overlapping with the PUCCH. The terminal can multiplex UCI in the earliest PUSCH for fast feedback, such as HARQ-ACK. In described i) to iv), if inter-slot frequency hopping is configured, the terminal can multiplex UCI only in the PUSCH bundle that includes the earliest time-domain PUSCH among the PUSCHs overlapping with the PUCCH. Alternatively, the terminal can multiplex UCI in the same symbol position as the PUSCH bundle that includes the earliest time-domain PUSCH among the overlapping PUSCHs in all frequency hops. In embodiments where the terminal multiplexes UCI in PUSCHs that do not include DMRS, the terminal can multiplex UCI in PUSCHs that do not include DMRS symbols according to new rules. In i) to iv) above, PUSCH overlapping with PUCCH can refer to all repeated PUSCHs that overlap with PUCCH on a symbol or time slot basis.

[0425] Figure 44 The illustration shows the cancellation of repeatedly transmitted PUSCH transmissions based on repeatedly transmitted PUCCH according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0426] If repeatedly transmitted PUCCH and repeatedly transmitted PUSCH overlap in one or more time slots, the terminal only transmits the PUCCH of the overlapping time slots and not the PUSCH of the overlapping time slots. (See reference) Figure 44 Repeatedly transmitted PUCCH and PUSCH may overlap during the time slot from time slot n+2 to time slot n+5. In this case, the terminal may only transmit PUCCH and not transmit PUSCH for time slots n+2 to n+5. If PUSCH for the overlapping period is not transmitted, the untransmitted PUSCH may not be deferred to subsequent time slots, thus resulting in a difficulty in obtaining coverage gain due to repeated PUSCH transmission. A method to solve this problem will be described below.

[0427] If repeatedly transmitted PUCCHs overlap with repeatedly transmitted PUSCHs, the terminal can multiplex the UCIs included in the PUCCH within the PUSCH and transmit the UCIs. In this case, the overlapping PUCCHs may not be transmitted. That is, to guarantee the coverage gain of the PUSCHs, the terminal can transmit the PUSCHs by multiplexing the UCIs included in the PUCCHs without discarding the overlapping PUSCHs. While the HARQ-ACK latency may increase compared to the conventional scheme of discarding PUSCHs, it is efficient in terms of the reliability of both PUSCHs and PUCCHs because it can transmit all the necessary information (data and UCIs). i) When PUCCHs and PUSCHs overlap, the terminal can multiplex the UCIs included in the overlapping PUCCHs within the PUSCHs and transmit the UCIs. (See reference) Figure 44The PUCCH and PUSCH overlap during the time slot from time slot n+2 to time slot n+5. Therefore, the terminal can transmit UCI by multiplexing UCI in the PUSCH, but may not transmit the PUCCH, which is included in the PUCCH during the time slot from time slot n+2 to time slot n+5. The terminal can segment the UCI into the number of overlapping PUSCHs (time slots) and multiplex the UCI. That is, the terminal can segment the UCI included in the PUCCH into 4 time slots of the PUSCH (time slots n+2 to n+5) and multiplex the UCI. The terminal can multiplex the UCI in a PUSCH without segmenting the UCI. That is, the PUSCH in which the UCI is multiplexed can be transmitted repeatedly 4 times. ii) When the PUSCH and PUCCH overlap, the terminal can multiplex the UCI of the PUCCH in a specific PUSCH. In this case, the specific PUSCH can be predefined between the base station and the terminal, or the specific PUSCH can be configured for the terminal via the base station. a) A specific PUSCH can be the earliest PUSCH in the time domain among overlapping PUSCHs. For faster HARQ-ACK feedback, the terminal can multiplex the UCI only in the earliest PUSCH in the time domain. In this case, among the PUSCHs overlapping with the PUCCH, the unmultiplexed PUSCHs can be transmitted as is. b) A specific PUSCH can be the earliest PUSCH in the time domain among overlapping PUCCHs and transmitted in a different PRB in the frequency domain. For frequency diversity gain for UCI and fast HARQ-ACK feedback, the terminal can multiplex the UCI in the earliest PUSCH in the time domain and transmitted in a different PRB. c) A specific PUSCH can be selected based on information configured or indicated by the base station. For example, if the base station configures / indicates information with index 1, the terminal can multiplex the UCI in the PUSCH with index 1 (i.e., the second PUSCH) among overlapping PUCCHs. As another example, the base station can configure (indicate) information about the start position and length of the PUSCH for the terminal. If the base station configures / indicates that the start position is 0 and the length is 2 for the terminal, the terminal can multiplex the UCI in the first PUSCH (start position 0) and the second PUSCH (length 2) that overlap with the PUCCH.

[0428] Figure 45 The illustration shows repeatedly transmitted PUCCHs according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 46 The illustration shows repeatedly transmitted PUCCH and intra-slot frequency hopping according to embodiments of the present disclosure, and... Figure 47 The illustration shows repeatedly transmitted PUCCH and inter-slot frequency hopping according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0429] refer to Figure 45Since the DMRS included in PUCCH repetitions #1, #2, #3, and #4 satisfy the aforementioned conditions for joint channel estimation, the base station can perform channel estimation by jointly transmitting the corresponding DMRS. Additionally, if the PUCCH is repeatedly transmitted for frequency diversity gain, it can be transmitted via frequency hopping.

[0430] Frequency hopping types include intra-slot frequency hopping and inter-slot frequency hopping.

[0431] - Frequency hopping within time slots

[0432] A terminal can divide a PUCCH into two halves in the time domain within a time slot configured for PUCCH transmission, and map each of the two divided PUCCHs to two hops for transmission. In this case, PUCCHs may or may not be transmitted repeatedly. When the length of the symbols configured for PUCCHs within a time slot is called the symbol count, the first hop can include floor(symbol count / 2) symbols, and the second hop can include (symbol count - floor(symbol count / 2)) symbols. (See reference) Figure 46 The base station can configure the terminal to repeatedly transmit PUCCH and perform intra-slot frequency hopping during four time slots starting from time slot n. In this case, the length of the PUCCH symbol allocated in a time slot can be 14. The terminal can configure the first hop with the first 7 symbols of PUCCH (floor(number of symbols (14) / 2)) in each of time slots n, n+1, n+2, and n+3, while the second hop can include the 7 symbols following the last symbol of the first hop (number of symbols (14) - floor(number of symbols (14) / 2)). In this case, the first hop can be transmitted in the first frequency band and the second hop can be transmitted in the second frequency band.

[0433] - Frequency hopping between time slots

[0434] Based on the first time slot of the first repeatedly transmitted PUCCH, the retransmission time slot index (reusable time slot index) can be sequentially indexed in which the PUCCH is repeatedly transmitted. In this case, the first time slot of the first repeatedly transmitted PUCCH can have a reusable time slot index of 0. (See reference) Figure 47The base station can configure the terminal to repeatedly transmit PUCCHs and perform inter-slot frequency hopping during the four time slots starting from time slot n. In this case, the reused time slot index for time slot n can be 0, and the reused time slot indices for time slots n+1, n+2, and n+3 can be 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The terminal can map the PUCCHs in the time slots in which even-numbered PUCCHs are transmitted (i.e., time slots with repeated time slot indices 0 or 2) to the first hop. Similarly, the terminal can map the PUCCHs in the time slots in which odd-numbered PUCCHs are transmitted (i.e., time slots with repeated time slot indices 1 or 3) to the second hop. In other words, the terminal can transmit PUCCHs in time slots n and n+2 in the first hop, and in time slots n+1 and n+3 in the second hop.

[0435] The first hop's PRB can be the number of PRBs starting from the PRB index of the starting PRB. The second hop's PRB can be the number of PRBs starting from the PRB index of the second hop.

[0436] When PUCCH is repeatedly transmitted via frequency hopping, the DMRS of the PUCCH transmitted in the first hop and the DMRS of the PUCCH transmitted in the second hop are transmitted in different PRBs, making the DMRS unusable for joint channel estimation. Below, a frequency hopping method for improving coverage via joint channel estimation using frequency diversity gain and DMRS will be described. For convenience, PUCCH is described, but the following description is equally applicable to PUSCH.

[0437] Frequency hopping methods for joint channel estimation

[0438] Figures 48 to 53 The illustration shows a method for determining a reuse slot index during PUCCH transmission via frequency hopping, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0439] The frequency hopping method used for joint channel estimation will be described below based on inter-slot frequency hopping. That is, the terminal can transmit a PUCCH that is repeatedly sent an even number of times to the first hop, and can transmit a PUCCH that is repeatedly sent an odd number of times to the second hop. In this case, the base station can configure the terminal to repeatedly transmit the PUCCH over N time slots, and can configure a specific number of time slot indices for configuring the reuse of PUCCHs to be M.

[0440] i) The terminal can maintain the same reuse slot index for PUCCHs repeatedly transmitted in a specific number of slots. For each of the specific number of slots, the reuse slot index can be incremented sequentially. The specific number can be the number of PUCCHs including those used for DMRS joint channel estimation. Based on the slots of the first repeatedly transmitted PUCCH, the reuse slot index for M slots can be set to 0. Thereafter, the reuse slot index for repeatedly transmitted PUCCHs can be incremented sequentially every M slots. In this case, the slot index may be independent of whether the PUCCH is repeatedly transmitted. Reference Figure 48 The base station can configure N to be 4 and M to be 2 for the terminal, and can configure repeated PUCCH transmission from time slot n. The terminal can determine the repeated time slot indices of the two time slots starting from time slot n (i.e., time slots n and n+1) as 0, and can determine the repeated time slot indices of the two time slots starting from time slot n+2 (i.e., time slots n+2 and n+3) as 1. The PUCCH of time slots n and n+1 with repeated time slot index 0 can be transmitted in the first hop, and the PUCCH of time slots n+2 and n+3 with repeated time slot index 1 can be transmitted in the second hop. (See reference) Figure 49 The base station can configure N to be 4 and M to be 2 for the terminal, and can configure repeated PUCCH transmission from slot n. Based on the value of M (2), the terminal can determine the repeated time slot index for slots n and n+1 as 0, the repeated time slot index for slots n+2 and n+3 as 1, and the repeated time slot index for slots n+4 and n+5 as 2. The time slot with repeated time slot index 0 can be transmitted in the first hop, the time slot with repeated time slot index 1 can be transmitted in the second hop, and the time slot with repeated time slot index 2 can be transmitted in the first hop. However, slot n+1 is not available for PUCCH transmission, while slots n, n+2, n+3, and n+4 can be available for PUCCH transmission. Therefore, since the terminal needs to repeatedly transmit PUCCH on four time slots, it can transmit PUCCH on the four available time slots: time slot n, time slot n+2, time slot n+3, and time slot n+4. That is, PUCCH with even-numbered reuse time slot indices (time slot n and time slot n+4) can be transmitted in the first hop, and PUCCH with odd-numbered reuse time slot indices (time slot n+2 and time slot n+3) can be transmitted in the second hop. The terminal can configure reuse time slot indices by bundling M consecutive time slots, regardless of whether a time slot is available for PUCCH transmission. Furthermore, the M consecutive time slots are configured with the same reuse time slot index so that they can be transmitted in the same frequency band. Therefore, if there are time slots among the M consecutive time slots that are not available for PUCCH transmission, the number of time slots in which PUCCH is actually transmitted may be less than M.

[0441] ii) The terminal may maintain the same reuse slot index during the time slots available for a specific number of repeated PUCCH transmissions. Alternatively, the terminal may sequentially increment the reuse slot index for each time slot available for the specific number of repeated PUCCH transmissions. The specific number may be the number of PUCCHs including those used for DRMS ​​in joint channel estimation. Based on the time slots of the first repeatedly transmitted PUCCH, the reuse slot index for M time slots can be determined to be 0. Thereafter, the reuse slot index for the repeatedly transmitted PUCCHs can be sequentially incremented every M time slots. (See reference...) Figure 50 The base station can configure the terminal to have N = 4 and M = 2, and can configure repeated PUCCH transmission from slot n. In this case, slot n+1 is not available for PUCCH transmission, while slots n, n+2, n+3, and n+4 can be available for PUCCH transmission. Based on the value of M (2), the terminal can determine the repeated slot index of slots n and n+2 as 0 and the repeated slot index of slots n+3 and n+4 as 1. Therefore, the terminal can transmit the PUCCH of slots n and n+2 with a repeated slot index of 0 in the first hop, and can transmit the PUCCH of slots n+3 and n+4 with a repeated slot index of 1 in the second hop.

[0442] For joint channel estimation, PUCCH should be transmitted in the same PRB within consecutive time slots. For example, refer to Figure 48 In the first hop, a PUCCH configured in two consecutive time slots, time slot n and time slot n+1, is transmitted, and the DMRS included in the PUCCH configured in time slots n and n+1 can therefore be used for joint channel estimation. Similarly, in the second hop, a PUCCH configured in two consecutive time slots, time slot n+2 and time slot n+3, is transmitted, and the DMRS included in the PUCCH configured in time slots n+2 and n+3 can therefore be used for joint channel estimation. (See reference...) Figure 49 In the second hop, PUCCHs configured in two consecutive time slots n+2 and n+3 are transmitted, and the DMRS included in the PUCCHs configured in time slots n+2 and n+3 can therefore be used for joint channel estimation. However, although PUCCHs configured in time slots n and n+4 are transmitted in the first hop, the DMRS included in the PUCCHs configured in time slots n and n+4 cannot be used for joint channel estimation because time slots n and n+4 are not contiguous in the time domain. (Reference) Figure 50In the second hop, PUCCHs configured in two consecutive time slots n+3 and n+4 are transmitted, and the DMRS included in the PUCCHs configured in time slots n+3 and n+4 can therefore be used for joint channel estimation. However, although PUCCHs configured in time slots n and n+2 are transmitted in the first hop, the DMRS included in the PUCCHs configured in time slots n and n+2 cannot be used for joint channel estimation because time slots n and n+2 are not contiguous in the time domain.

[0443] For DMRS to be used for joint channel estimation, DMRS included in the PUCCH needs to be transmitted in the same hop within consecutive time slots.

[0444] refer to Figure 51 The base station can configure the terminal with N = 4 and M = 2, and can configure repeated PUCCH transmission from time slot n. In this case, time slots n+1, n+2, and n+5 can be time slots that are not available for PUCCH transmission, while time slots n, n+3, n+4, and n+6 can be time slots that are available for PUCCH transmission. Since the terminal needs to transmit PUCCH on 4 time slots, it can transmit PUCCH in time slots n, n+3, n+4, and n+6. (Reference) Figure 51 (a) The reuse slot index can be configured according to (i) above. The reuse slot index for slots n and n+1 can be configured as 0, the reuse slot index for slots n+2 and n+3 as 1, the reuse slot index for slots n+4 and n+5 as 2, and the reuse slot index for slot n+6 as 3. Therefore, PUCCHs configured in slots n and n+4 (where the reuse slot index is even) can be sent in the first hop, and PUCCHs configured in slots n+3 and n+6 (where the reuse slot index is odd) can be sent in the second hop. (See reference...) Figure 51 (b) The reuse slot index can be configured according to (ii) above. The reuse slot index for slots n and n+3 can be configured to 0, and the reuse slot index for slots n+4 and n+6 can be configured to 1. Therefore, PUCCHs configured in slots n and n+3 with even reuse slot indices can be sent in the first hop, and PUCCHs configured in slots n+4 and n+6 with odd reuse slot indices can be sent in the second hop. Figure 51 (a) and Figure 51 (b) can send PUCCH configured in slot n+3 and slot n+4 in different hops.

[0445] refer to Figure 52The base station can configure the terminal with N = 8 and M = 2, and can configure repeated PUCCH transmission from time slot n. Time slots n+3, n+4, and n+7 are not available for PUCCH transmission, while time slots n, n+1, n+2, n+5, n+6, n+8, n+9, and n+10 are available for PUCCH transmission. Since the terminal needs to transmit PUCCH on 8 time slots, it can transmit PUCCH in time slots n, n+1, n+2, n+5, n+6, n+8, n+9, and n+10. (Reference) Figure 52 (a) The reuse slot index can be configured according to (i) above. The reuse slot index for slots n and n+1 can be configured as 0, the reuse slot index for slots n+2 and n+3 as 1, the reuse slot index for slots n+4 and n+5 as 2, the reuse slot index for slots n+6 and n+7 as 3, the reuse slot index for slots n+8 and n+9 as 4, and the reuse slot index for slot n+10 as 5. Therefore, PUCCHs configured in slots n, n+1, n+5, n+8, and n+9 with even reuse slot indices can be sent in the first hop, and PUCCHs configured in slots n+2, n+6, and n+10 with odd reuse slot indices can be sent in the second hop. (See reference...) Figure 52 (b) The reuse slot index can be configured according to (ii) above. The reuse slot index for slots n and n+1 can be configured as 0, the reuse slot index for slots n+2 and n+5 as 1, the reuse slot index for slots n+6 and n+8 as 2, and the reuse slot index for slots n+9 and n+10 as 3. Therefore, PUCCHs configured in slots n, n+1, n+6, and n+8 with even reuse slot indices can be sent in the first hop, and PUCCHs configured in slots n+2, n+5, n+9, and n+10 with odd reuse slot indices can be sent in the second hop. (See reference...) Figure 52 It is possible to send PUCCHs configured in consecutive time slots n+5 and n+6 in different hops. According to Figure 51 and Figure 52Even if PUCCHs are configured in consecutive time slots, different reused time slot indices are configured, resulting in PUCCHs being transmitted in different hops. Therefore, the DMRS included in PUCCHs configured in consecutive time slots cannot be used for joint channel estimation. The following section describes a method for using DMRS included in PUCCHs configured in consecutive time slots for joint channel estimation.

[0446] iii) The terminal can configure the same reuse time slot index for time slots available for joint channel estimation among a specific number of time slots available for transmitting repeatedly transmitted PUCCH. The time slots available for joint channel estimation can be consecutive time slots in the time domain among the time slots available for transmitting repeatedly transmitted PUCCH. The specific number can be the number of PUCCHs including those used for DMRS in joint channel estimation. The terminal can configure the same reuse time slot index by grouping M consecutive time slots available for PUCCH transmission. Alternatively, the reuse time slot index of consecutive time slots available for PUCCH transmission can be sequentially increased every M time slots. In this case, if the number of consecutive time slots is less than M, the same reuse time slot index can be configured for the fewer than M consecutive time slots. Discontinuous time slots can be configured with different reuse time slot indices. The reuse time slot index of the earliest time slot among discontinuous time slots and subsequent time slots can be indexed sequentially. If the reuse time slot index of the time slot configured (indicated) for the first repeatedly transmitted PUCCH by the base station is 0, and there exist M consecutive time slots with the time slot configured for the first PUCCH, then the reuse time slot index of the M time slots can be 0. Thereafter, the reuse time slot index of the M consecutive time slots starting from the time slot available for PUCCH transmission can be 1. If there are no M consecutive time slots, that is, if there are discontinuous time slots, the terminal can obtain consecutive time slots after the discontinuous time slots. For example, if the reuse time slot index of the time slot before the discontinuous time slot is X, then the reuse time slot index of the first time slot in the consecutive time slots after the discontinuous time slot can be X+1. Similarly, the reuse time slot index of the M consecutive time slots including the first time slot in the consecutive time slots after the discontinuous time slot can be X+1. (See reference) Figure 53(a) The terminal can configure the same reuse slot index by grouping two (M=2) consecutive slots available for PUCCH transmission. Since slots n+1 and n+2 are not available for PUCCH transmission, there are no slots consecutive to slot n for PUCCH transmission. Therefore, only slot n can be configured with a reuse slot index of 0. The reuse slot index of slot n+3, which is the first slot for PUCCH transmission after slot n, can be configured to 1. Since slot n+3 and the subsequent slot n+4 are consecutive, the reuse slot indices of slot n+3 and slot n+4 can be configured to be the same. The reuse slot index of slot n+6, which is the slot for PUCCH transmission after slot n+4, can be configured to 2 (due to slot n+5 being unavailable for PUCCH transmission). Therefore, the terminal can send PUCCH configured in slots n and n+6 with even-numbered reuse slot indices in the first hop, and can send PUCCH configured in slots n+3 and n+4 with odd-numbered reuse slot indices in the second hop. Figure 51 Compared to the previous description, since PUCCHs configured in slots n+3 and n+4 are transmitted in the same hop, the DMRS configured in the PUCCH can be used for joint channel estimation. (See reference) Figure 53 (b) The terminal can configure 0 as the reused time slot index for the first repeatedly transmitted PUCCH, and can also configure 0 as the reused time slot index for time slot n+1, which is consecutive to time slot n among the time slots available for PUCCH transmission. After time slot n+1, the reused time slot index for time slot n+2, which is the earliest time slot available for PUCCH transmission, can be configured as 1. There are no time slots consecutive to time slot n+2 available for PUCCH transmission (time slots n+3 and n+4 are not available for PUCCH transmission). Therefore, after time slot n+2, the reused time slot index for time slot n+5, which is the earliest time slot available for PUCCH transmission, can be configured as 2. In addition, the same index as time slot n+5 can be used as the reused time slot index for time slot n+6, which is the time slot adjacent to time slot n+5.

[0447] Figures 54 to 59 The illustration shows a method for mapping PUCCH repetitions to frequency hops according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0448] iv) The base station can configure (indicate) the offset and time period for the frequency hopping time window for the terminal. The terminal can apply the time period and offset to the time slot configured for repeated PUCCH transmission and can map PUCCHs within the time period to the same hop for transmission. In this case, the base station can configure (indicate) the time period and offset regardless of repeated PUCCH transmission. Reference Figure 54The base station can configure N to 4 or 8 in a cell with a subcarrier spacing of 15 kHz, and can configure the time period to 2 ms and the offset to 0 ms regardless of the value of N. Therefore, when N is 4 or 8, the terminal can transmit two PUCCHs by mapping them to a single hop. The base station can configure (indicate) another time period and offset for the terminal based on the number of repeated PUCCH transmissions. (Reference) Figure 55 The base station can configure the terminal to send two repeatedly transmitted PUCCHs in a cell with a subcarrier spacing of 15 kHz. If N is 4, the time period is 2 ms and the offset is 0 ms; if N is 8, the time period is 4 ms and the offset is 0 ms. Therefore, if N is 4, the terminal can map two repeatedly transmitted PUCCHs into one hop to send these two repeatedly transmitted PUCCHs; while if N is 8, the terminal can map four repeatedly transmitted PUCCHs into one hop to send these four repeatedly transmitted PUCCHs.

[0449] The number of time slots (N) in which PUCCH is repeatedly transmitted and the number of time slots (M) included in a hop (or a specific number of repeated time slot indices) can be configured explicitly or implicitly by the base station. The methods for configuring N and M will be described in more detail below.

[0450] N and M configuration methods

[0451] i) The terminal can map PUCCHs that are repeatedly transmitted during a pre-configured number of time slots to the same frequency hops to transmit the repeatedly transmitted PUCCHs. In this case, M can be configured regardless of the number of repeated PUCCH transmissions. (See reference) Figure 56 If the terminal is configured with 2, 4, or 8 repeated PUCCH transmissions (N), then M can be configured to 2 regardless of the number of repeated transmissions. That is, the terminal can map the two slots of the repeatedly transmitted PUCCH to one hop and transmit the repeatedly transmitted PUCCH regardless of the number of repeated transmissions.

[0452] ii) The terminal can map PUCCHs that are repeatedly transmitted during a pre-configured number of time slots to the same frequency hops to transmit the repeatedly transmitted PUCCHs. In this case, M can be configured differently based on the number of repeated PUCCH transmissions. In this case, M can be configured as a function of N. Therefore, flexible frequency hopping is possible for repeatedly transmitted PUCCHs based on the number of repetitions. (See reference) Figure 57If N is 2, M can be configured as 1; if N is 4, M can be configured as 2; and if N is 8, M can be configured as 4. That is, if N is 2, one time slot can be mapped to one hop; if N is 4, two time slots can be mapped to one hop; and if N is 8, four time slots can be mapped to one hop.

[0453] The following section describes a method for a terminal to perform repeated PUCCH transmission via frequency hopping without requiring separate configuration of M from the base station.

[0454] iii) The terminal can perform repeated PUCCH transmission via frequency hopping based on the hop count. The terminal can determine the number of hops to which the N repeatedly transmitted PUCCHs are mapped for transmission, and can determine the PUCCH mapped to each hop. In this case, the hop count can refer to the number of PUCCHs that satisfy the conditions used for joint channel estimation. (See reference) Figure 54 When N is 8, there can be a total of four jumps, namely the first jump (repeated #1, repeated #2), the second jump (repeated #3, repeated #4), the third jump (repeated #5, repeated #6) and the fourth jump #4 (repeated #7, repeated #8).

[0455] iii-a) The base station can configure the number of hops for the terminal, and the terminal can perform repeated PUCCH transmission via frequency hopping based on the configured number of hops. Specifically, the terminal can map N repeatedly transmitted PUCCHs to K hops and transmit the N repeatedly transmitted PUCCHs. For example, the terminal can map floor(N / K) PUCCHs in ascending order from the first hop to the (K-1)th hop and can map ceil(N / K) PUCCHs in ascending order to the Kth hop in order to transmit PUCCHs. (See reference) Figure 58 If the number of repeated PUCCH transmissions (N) is 8 and the hop count (K) is configured to 4, the terminal can map 2 (floor (8 / 4)) PUCCHs to frequency hops #1, #2, and #3, and can map 2 (ceil (8 / 4)) PUCCHs to frequency hop #4 to transmit these PUCCHs. That is, the terminal maps repeated #1 and repeated #2 to hop #1, repeated #3 and repeated #4 to hop #2, repeated #5 and repeated #6 to hop #3, and repeated #7 and repeated #8 to hop #4 to transmit these repeated PUCCHs. According to another embodiment, the terminal can map ceil (N / K) repeated PUCCHs in ascending order to the first hop, and can map floor (N / K) repeated PUCCHs in ascending order from the second hop to the Kth hop to transmit these PUCCHs.

[0456] iii-b) The terminal can map PUCCHs that are always repeatedly transmitted within the same number of hops without configuring the hop count from the base station, so as to transmit PUCCHs via frequency hopping. If iii-b) is used, when frequency hopping and joint channel estimation are applied together, the maximum possible number of repeatedly transmitted PUCCHs can be distributed and transmitted in equal frequency hops. The terminal can always divide N repeatedly transmitted PUCCHs into two hops and transmit them. Floor(N / 2) PUCCHs can be mapped to the first hop in ascending order, and N-floor(N / 2) PUCCHs can be mapped to the second hop in ascending order. Reference Figure 59 When the number of repeated PUCCH transmissions (N) is 8, the terminal can map 4 (floor (8 / 2)) PUCCHs to hop #1 and 4 (ceil (8 / 2)) PUCCHs to hop #2 to send PUCCHs. That is, repeated #1, repeated #2, repeated #3, and repeated #4 can be mapped to hop #1, while repeated #5, repeated #6, repeated #7, and repeated #8 can be mapped to hop #2. As another embodiment, the terminal can map ceil (N / 2) PUCCHs to the first hop in ascending order and map floor (N / 2) PUCCHs to the second hop in ascending order to send these PUCCHs.

[0457] Figure 60 The illustration shows the scheduling of a physical uplink shared channel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0458] The PUSCH, which includes DMRS that can be used for joint channel estimation, can be a PUSCH comprising one transport block. The transport block size (TB size (TBS)) can be determined based on one or more time slots. (See reference) Figure 60 The terminal can define two time slots, time slot n and time slot n+1, configured for PUSCH#1, as a single TBS. In this case, DMRS is included in different time slots, but DMRS can be used for joint channel estimation if the aforementioned joint channel estimation conditions are met.

[0459] Figure 61 The diagram illustrates the scheduling of multiple physical uplink shared channels according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0460] a) A PUSCH that includes DMRS that can be used for joint channel estimation can be a repeatedly transmitted PUSCH comprising a transport block. The transport block size can be determined based on a timeslot, and the PUSCH can be repeatedly transmitted over multiple timeslots. For example, a terminal can transmit PUSCH repeat 1 in timeslot n and PUSCH repeat 2 in timeslot n+1. In this case, DMRS is transmitted in different timeslots (timeslot n to timeslot n+1), but if the aforementioned joint channel estimation conditions are met, the DMRS can be used for joint channel estimation. b) A PUSCH can be a PUSCH comprising different transport blocks. In this case, the PUSCH can be scheduled or activated via different DCIs. Alternatively, a PUSCH can be a PUSCH comprising different transport blocks scheduled or activated via a single DCI. For example, refer to Figure 61 The base station can configure the terminal to transmit PUSCH#1 in time slot n and PUSCH#2 in time slot n+1. In this case, each of PUSCH#1 and PUSCH#2 can be scheduled via different DCIs. DMRS included in the corresponding PUSCH#1 and PUSCH#2 can be transmitted in different time slots (time slot n to time slot n+1), but if the aforementioned joint channel estimation conditions are met, the DMRS can be used for joint channel estimation.

[0461] The base station can configure a time-domain window (or bundled window) for joint channel estimation for the terminal. In this case, the base station can configure the DMRS to satisfy the aforementioned joint channel estimation conditions, which is included in the uplink channel (PUCCH or PUSCH) transmitted within a specific time-domain window. The described PUCCH or PUSCH can be transmitted repeatedly within the time-domain window. In this case, the PUCCH or PUSCH may include a single transport block or may include different transport blocks. In this case, the time-domain window can be explicitly or implicitly configured by the base station. The method for determining the time-domain window will be described below.

[0462] Time-domain window determination method

[0463] Figure 62 The figure illustrates a method for determining a time-domain window according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0464] i) The base station can explicitly send information about the time-domain window to the terminal, and the terminal can determine the time-domain window based on the sent information. In this case, the information about the time-domain window can be information about the duration of the time-domain window, and can specifically include at least one of the following: number of time slots, number of symbols, and number of repeated uplink channel transmissions. The terminal can send PUCCH or PUSCH within the time-domain window configured by the base station to satisfy the joint channel estimation conditions. If the terminal receives information about the time-domain window from the base station, the terminal needs to determine the start time of the time-domain window.

[0465] ia) The start time of the time-domain window can be the first symbol of the first time slot of radio frame index 0. For example, if the duration of the time-domain window is 5 time slots, the time-domain window can be determined by grouping the 5 time slots starting from the first time slot of radio frame index 0. In this case, the index of the first time slot of radio frame index 0 can be 0.

[0466] (ib) The start time of the time domain window can be the first uplink symbol of the first uplink slot of radio frame index 0. An uplink slot is a slot that includes only uplink symbols. For example, if the duration of the time domain window is 5 slots, the time domain window can be determined by grouping the 5 slots starting from the first uplink slot of radio frame index 0.

[0467] The start time of the time-domain window (ic) can be the first non-downlink symbol of the first non-downlink time slot of radio frame index 0. A non-downlink time slot can be a time slot that includes at least one non-downlink symbol. A non-downlink symbol is a symbol other than a downlink symbol and can be an uplink symbol or a flexible symbol. For example, if the duration of the time-domain window is 5 time slots, the time-domain window can be determined by grouping the 5 time slots starting from the first non-downlink time slot of radio frame index 0.

[0468] The base station can configure an offset value for the terminal to determine the start time of the time-domain window. The offset value can be at least one of the number of time slots, the number of symbols, and the number of repeated uplink channel transmissions. For example, if the offset value is X time slots, X symbols, or X repetitions, the time-domain window can be configured by grouping the durations corresponding to X time slots, X symbols, or X repetitions. In this case, the X value can be a value shorter than the duration of the time-domain portion.

[0469] The base station can configure information (duration information) about multiple time-domain windows for the terminal. (See reference) Figure 62When a base station configures TDD for a terminal, two patterns can be configured. In this case, different time periods can be configured for the two patterns respectively. If the time period for the first pattern is P1 and the time period for the second pattern is P2, then P1 + P2 can be a value that is one of the divisors of 20. Each pattern can include a DL symbol, a UL symbol, and a flexible symbol, and can be configured in the order of DL symbol, flexible symbol, and UL symbol. (Reference) Figure 62 The base station can configure P1 to 2ms and P2 to 3ms, and the subcarrier spacing can be configured to 30kHz. In this case, the base station can configure multiple patterns constituting the time domain for the terminal. However, if only one time domain window is configured for multiple patterns, the configured time domain window may not be suitable for all patterns. Therefore, the base station can configure multiple time domain windows corresponding to the respective multiple patterns for the terminal. Specifically, the base station can configure a time domain window configured by the first pattern and a time domain window configured by the second pattern for the terminal, i.e., two time domain windows. In this case, the duration of the first time domain window can be configured as X1 time slots, X1 symbols, and X1 repetitions, and the duration of the second time domain window can be configured as X2 time slots, X2 symbols, and X2 repetitions. The terminal can configure time domain window #0 based on X1 time slots, X1 symbols, or X1 repetitions from the start time of the time domain window, and can configure time domain window #1 based on X2 time slots, X2 symbols, or X2 repetitions. That is, multiple time domain windows with different durations can be configured. In this scenario, the values ​​of X1 and X2 can be values ​​configured by the base station for the terminal. On the other hand, the information about the time-domain window indicated by the values ​​of X1 and X2 may not be explicitly indicated by the base station, but can be inferred by the terminal. That is, X1 may correspond to time period P1, and X2 may correspond to time period P2. Each of the first and second patterns can be a time-domain window. Therefore, the DMRS included in the time slots constituting the first pattern can be used for joint channel estimation, and the DMRS included in the time slots constituting the second pattern can also be used for joint channel estimation.

[0470] ii) The terminal can determine the time-domain window without receiving explicit information about the time-domain window from the base station. That is, if the terminal does not receive explicit information about the time-domain window from the base station, the terminal can implicitly determine a specific time period as the time-domain window.

[0471] ii-a) The terminal can implicitly determine the time-domain window based on the number of repeated PUCCH or PUSCH transmissions. That is, the terminal can determine the time-domain window as the time point from the start of the repeated PUCCH or PUSCH transmission to the end of the repeated transmission. In other words, since the repeatedly transmitted PUCCH or PUSCH is transmitted within the same time-domain window, the DMRS included in the PUCCH or PUSCH in this case can be used for joint channel estimation.

[0472] ii-b) The terminal can implicitly determine the time-domain window based on the time slot configuration. That is, the terminal can determine the time-domain window based on the time slot configuration in the unpaired spectrum.

[0473] (ii-c) The terminal can implicitly determine the time domain window based on consecutive uplink time slots.

[0474] (ii-d) The terminal can implicitly determine the time domain window based on consecutive non-downlink time slots.

[0475] One or more time slots or symbols may be included between resource areas (e.g., time slots) configured for repeated uplink channel transmission. Specifically, one or more time slots or symbols may be included between a resource area configured for repeated transmission of a first PUSCH / PUCCH and a resource area configured for repeated transmission of a second PUSCH / PUCCH. In this case, the one or more time slots or symbols may be a maximum of X time slots or symbols. In this case, X may be a value configured by the base station. One or more time slots or symbols may be resources not used for uplink channel transmission. That is, a time period (gap) may exist between resource areas configured for repeated transmission of uplink channels. In other words, a time-domain window may be determined based on a gap that exists between resource areas configured for repeated transmission of uplink channels.

[0476] When a terminal determines its time-domain window based on consecutive uplink or non-downlink time slots, a large number of time slots constituting a single time-domain window can be disadvantageous in terms of terminal or base station complexity. Therefore, a time-domain window can be divided into multiple sub-time-domain windows. In this case, the DMRS included in the PUSCH or PUCCH transmitted within the sub-time-domain windows may be useful for joint channel estimation.

[0477] Sub-time domain window determination method

[0478] i) A time-domain window can be divided based on the duration of a sub-time-domain window. The base station can send information about the duration of the sub-time-domain window to the terminal, and the terminal can divide the time-domain window into multiple sub-time-domain windows based on the received duration information. In this case, the duration information can be at least one of the number of time slots, the number of symbols, and the number of repeated uplink channel transmissions. Specifically, if the duration of the time-domain window is N (N time slots / symbols / repetitions) and the duration of the sub-time-domain window is M (M time slots / symbols / repetitions), the terminal can determine the first sub-time-domain window by grouping the first time slot / symbol / repetition to the Mth time slot / symbol / repetition. Additionally, the terminal can determine the second sub-time-domain window by grouping the (M+1)th time slot / symbol / repetition to the 2Mth time slot / symbol / repetition. In this case, the number of time slots / symbols / repetitions included in the last sub-time-domain window can be less than M. Similarly, the terminal can determine the Mth sub-time-domain window by grouping the (k*M+1)th time slot / symbol / repetition to the remaining (N)th time slot / symbol / repetition. In this case, the number of time slots / symbols / repetitions included in the Mth sub-time domain window can be less than M. In this case, k can be calculated using floor(N / M).

[0479] ii) The time domain window can be divided based on the number of sub-time domain windows. That is, the terminal can receive information about the number of sub-time domain windows from the base station, and the terminal can divide the time domain window into the number of sub-time domain windows. For example, if the time domain window is N (N time slots / symbols / repetitions) and the number of sub-time domain windows is M, then the number of time slots / symbols / repetitions included in one sub-time domain window can be ceil(N / M) or floor(N / M). Specifically, (N mod M) sub-time domain windows can include ceil(N / M) time slots / symbols / repetitions, while (M-(N mod M)) sub-time domain windows can include floor(N / M) time slots / symbols / repetitions. As another example, the number of time slots / symbols / repetitions included in M-1 sub-time domain windows can be floor(N / M), while the number of time slots / symbols / repetitions included in one sub-time domain window can be N-(M-1)*floor(N / M). Here, A mod B refers to the remainder obtained by dividing A by B.

[0480] If the terminal determines the time-domain window based on consecutive uplink time slots, then a time-domain window including uplink time slots can be determined. In this case, it is necessary to determine a time-domain window that includes time slots that are not uplink time slots but can be used for uplink transmission. Specifically, it is necessary to determine a time-domain window that includes non-downlink time slots. Non-downlink time slots can be included in the time-domain window of adjacent uplink time slots. For example, if time slot n is a non-downlink time slot and time slot n+1 is an uplink time slot, then time slot n can be included in the time-domain window that includes time slot n+1.

[0481] In NR systems, various subcarrier spacings can be configured, therefore the symbols / slots / repetitions described for determining the (sub)time domain window can vary depending on the subcarrier spacing. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the subcarrier spacing used to determine the (sub)time domain window. In this specification, the subcarrier spacing that can be referenced to determine the time domain window is referred to as the reference subcarrier spacing.

[0482] Reference subcarrier spacing determination method

[0483] i) When the base station configures TDD for the terminal, the base station can also configure information about the subcarrier spacing. That is, the terminal can use the subcarrier spacing configured together with the base station when configuring TDD as a reference subcarrier spacing that can be used to determine the time-domain window.

[0484] ii) When a base station configures one or more UL BWPs for a target cell, it can configure the subcarrier spacing of one or more UL BWPs. When determining the time-domain window, the terminal can use one of the one or more subcarrier spacings as a reference subcarrier spacing. For example, if multiple subcarrier spacings are configured, the smallest subcarrier spacing can be the reference subcarrier spacing.

[0485] iii) When one UL BWP in each cell is activated, the terminal can use the subcarrier spacing of the activated UL BWP as the reference subcarrier spacing.

[0486] iv) The terminal may use a random subcarrier spacing as a reference subcarrier spacing. The random subcarrier spacing can be determined differently for each frequency range (FR). The random subcarrier spacing can be a value of the subcarrier spacing available in each FR, and can be the lowest subcarrier spacing. For example, for FR1, since 15kHz, 30kHz, and 60kHz are available subcarrier spacings, the reference subcarrier spacing can be 15kHz. For FR2, since 60kHz and 120kHz are available subcarrier spacings, the reference subcarrier spacing can be 60kHz.

[0487] v) The base station can configure the reference subcarrier spacing of the cell for the terminal. In this case, the reference subcarrier spacing may not be greater than the subcarrier spacing configured in the UL BWP.

[0488] The following section describes a method for a terminal to autonomously determine a time-domain window and send information about the determined time-domain window to a base station.

[0489] Method for autonomous temporal window determination by the terminal

[0490] i) The terminal can send information about the start or end time of a time-domain window to the base station. For example, the terminal can use a 1-bit value to inform the base station about the start or end time of the time-domain window. For example, the terminal can use "0" to indicate the start time of a PUCCH or PUSCH and can use "1" to indicate a period other than the start time. Specifically, if the resource area for transmitting PUCCH or PUSCH within the time-domain window is from time slot n to time slot n+3, the terminal can use a 1-bit value to indicate "0" for PUCCH or PUSCH transmitted in time slot n, and can use a 1-bit value to indicate "1" for PUCCH or PUSCH transmitted in time slots n+1, n+2, and n+3. In this case, the indication targets of the indication values ​​"0" and "1" can be interchanged. The 1-bit value can be multiplexed in a PUSCH and can be multiplexed in a PUSCH in the same way as HARQ-ACK.

[0491] ii) When the time domain window changes, the terminal can send information about the time domain window to the base station via handover. For example, if the terminal has sent a 1-bit value "0" for the PUSCH or PUCCH sent in the first time domain window, the terminal can send a 1-bit value "1" for the PUSCH or PUCCH sent in the second time domain window.

[0492] Figures 63 to 66 The illustration shows a method for indicating a time-domain window according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0493] If the base station fails to receive the PUSCH or PUCCH within the time-domain window indicated by the terminal, ambiguity regarding the time-domain window may arise between the terminal and the base station. (Reference) Figure 63 (a) The terminal can send information about the time-domain window to the base station using its own interpretation method (i). For example, the terminal can inform the base station of time slots 0 to 3 as one time-domain window and time slots 4 or 5 as another. In this case, if the base station fails to receive PUCCH or PUSCH in time slots 3 and 4, the base station can determine time slots 0 to 5 as a time-domain window to perform joint channel estimation. (See reference) Figure 63(b) The terminal can send information about time-domain windows to the base station using its own interpretation method (ii). For example, the terminal can inform the base station of time slots 0 to 2 as one time-domain window, time slots 3 or 4 as another, and time slot 5 as yet another. In this case, if the base station fails to receive the PUCCH or PUSCH in time slots 3 and 4, it can define time slots 0 to 5 as a time-domain window to perform joint channel estimation. In this case, since the PUCCH or PUSCH sent by the terminal does not meet the joint channel estimation conditions, the base station may fail to perform channel estimation and cannot improve coverage performance. Therefore, a method is needed to reduce the ambiguity between the terminal and the base station regarding time-domain windows.

[0494] Methods to resolve ambiguity in time-domain windows

[0495] i) The terminal can send a counter indicator to the base station as information about a time-domain window. That is, the terminal can send information to the base station about the symbol set number within a time-domain window. In this case, the symbol set may include repeated transmissions of uplink channels, symbols, and time slots. (See reference) Figure 64 In (a), the terminal can indicate to the base station that joint channel estimation via uplink DMRS transmitted in time slots 0 to 3 is possible, and that joint channel estimation via uplink DMRS transmitted in time slots 4 or 5 is also possible. In this case, the starting time slot available for joint channel estimation can be indicated by a counter indicator of 0, and subsequent time slots can be indicated in ascending order by counter values ​​of 1, 2, ..., 3. (See reference) Figure 64 (b) Uplink DMRS transmitted in time slots 0 to 2 can be used for joint channel estimation, while uplink DMRS transmitted in time slots 3 or 4 can also be used for joint channel estimation. In this case, the terminal can indicate the starting time slot available for joint channel estimation with 0 via a counter indicator, and can indicate subsequent time slots in ascending order via the counter value. Therefore, in Figure 64 (a) and Figure 64 In (b), even when the base station fails to decode the uplink transmissions in slots 3 and 4, it can be seen from the counter indicator that joint channel estimation is impossible for the uplink transmissions in slots 2 and 5. This is because the counter indicator values ​​for slot 2 and slot 5 do not satisfy ascending order.

[0496] ia) In addition to the counter indicator, the terminal can also send information about the total indicator to the base station as information for joint channel estimation. In this case, the total indicator can indicate a symbol set included within a time-domain window. The symbol set can include time slots, symbols, and retransmissions. (See reference) Figure 65 In case (b), the base station may fail to receive the uplink channel transmitted in time slots 2 and 3. In this situation, if only the counter indicator exists as information for joint channel estimation, ambiguity regarding the time-domain window may arise between the base station and the terminal. Therefore, the terminal can notify the base station of the total indicator in addition to the counter indicator, thereby reducing ambiguity regarding the time-domain window. Figure 65 In (b), for each time slot (a, b), a is the value indicated by the counter indicator and b is the value indicated by the global indicator. That is, in time slot 0, the counter indicator indicates 0 and the value indicated by the global indicator is 2. Time slots 0 and 1 are in a time-domain window that includes two symbol sets, therefore time slots 0 and 1 have the same global indicator value.

[0497] ii) The terminal can send information about the index of the time-domain window to the base station. One time-domain window is configured with the same index, while another time-domain window is configured with sequentially increasing indices, allowing the terminal to inform the base station that the time-domain windows are different. (See reference) Figure 66 The terminal can inform the base station to perform uplink channel transmission within the same time window using the same index, and can also inform it to perform uplink channel transmission within another time window using an additional index. This allows the base station to... Figure 66 When the uplink channel transmitted in time slots 3 and 4 is not received as described in (b), the failure is identified and a request is made to retransmit the uplink channel from the terminal. That is, because the indices of time slots 0 to 2 and time slot 5 are different, the base station can identify that time slots 0 to 2 and time slot 5 are included in different time domain windows.

[0498] The following section describes a method for determining the time-domain window when multiple uplink cells are configured for a terminal.

[0499] Figure 67 and Figure 68 The illustration shows a method for determining a time-domain window in the case of carrier aggregation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0500] First, multiple uplink cells can be configured for the terminal from the base station. This configuration of multiple uplink cells can be described as uplink carrier aggregation. In this case, the cell initially configured for the terminal can be the primary cell (PCell), while additional cells configured besides the PCell can be secondary cells (SCells). The terminal can transmit uplink channels in either the configured PCell or SCell. The uplink physical channel can be at least one of PUSCH and PUCCH. When transmitting uplink channels in multiple cells configured in the same frequency band, the terminal can share transmit power. When multiple uplink cells are configured for the terminal, configuration can be performed to satisfy the described joint channel estimation conditions. When uplink carrier aggregation is configured, if the terminal is configured with a time-domain window, there is a problem of determining the time-domain window to apply across multiple cells. In this case, a configured time-domain window can be a PCell-based time-domain window. If different TDD configurations are configured for each cell, a PCell-based time-domain window may not be suitable for joint channel estimation for uplink channels transmitted on the SCell. (Reference) Figure 67 The terminal can be configured with two uplink cells, cell #0 and cell #1, and different TDD configurations can be configured for the corresponding cells. The time-domain window is configured based on cell #0, and can be configured every 5 time slots starting from the first time slot in a frame. Although cell #1 has 6 consecutive uplink time slots, the time-domain window configured based on cell #0 may not be suitable for cell #1 because the time-domain window is configured every 5 time slots.

[0501] A base station can configure different subcarrier spacings for multiple uplink cells. In this case, the subcarrier spacing can be either the subcarrier spacing used for TDD configuration or the subcarrier spacing used for BWP configuration. In carrier aggregation, if the subcarrier spacing used for TDD configuration of SCell is smaller than the subcarrier spacing used for TDD configuration of PCell, the boundaries of the time-domain configuration determined based on PCell may not be configured accurately. (Reference) Figure 68The subcarrier spacing used for TDD configuration can be configured to be 30 kHz in cell #0 and 15 kHz in cell #1. The time-domain window used for joint channel estimation can be determined based on cell #0 and can be configured every 5 slots or every 2.5 ms starting from the first slot within the radio frame. In this case, the same time-domain window can be applied to cell #1. However, the boundary of the time-domain window can lie within the third uplink slot of cell #1. Therefore, some symbols of the third uplink slot of cell #1 can be included in the first time-domain window and the remaining symbols can be included in the second time-domain window. That is, if the subcarrier spacing for TDD configuration of SCell is smaller than the subcarrier spacing for TDD configuration of PCell, the time-domain window may not be suitable. Therefore, a time-domain window that is appropriately applicable to all uplink cells is needed in the case of carrier aggregation.

[0502] Methods for determining the time-domain window in carrier aggregation cases

[0503] Figures 69 to 74 The figure illustrates a method for configuring a time-domain window according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0504] i) In carrier aggregation scenarios, the base station can configure a separate time-domain window for each of the multiple cells. That is, when N uplink cells (including PCell) are configured for a terminal, the base station can configure separate time-domain windows for each of the N cells. (See reference) Figure 69 The terminal can be configured with cell #0 (subcarrier spacing 30 kHz) and cell #1 (subcarrier spacing 15 kHz). Time-domain windows #0 and #1 can be configured separately for cell #0 and cell #1. Time-domain window #0 can include two time slots of 1 ms, while time-domain window #1 can include two time slots of 2 ms. In this case, to reduce signaling overhead, specific parameters typically applied to each cell can be used when the base station configures the time-domain window for each cell.

[0505] (ia) A reference subcarrier spacing can typically be used in each cell. That is, the base station can configure a reference subcarrier spacing for only one time-domain window for the terminal. Alternatively, the terminal can implicitly infer a reference subcarrier spacing for a time-domain window. In this case, the reference subcarrier spacing can be applied to all cells. The terminal can obtain the subcarrier spacing for the time-domain window for each cell. For example, the terminal can select a subcarrier spacing from the obtained subcarrier spacings for each cell and apply the selected subcarrier spacing to the time-domain window for all cells. In this case, the selected subcarrier spacing can be the lowest among the subcarrier spacings for each cell. As another example, the terminal can apply the subcarrier spacing for the time-domain window for PCell in each cell to the time-domain window for all cells. As another example, the terminal can apply the subcarrier spacing for the time-domain window of the cell with the lowest index to the time-domain window for all cells. As another example, the terminal can obtain a reference subcarrier spacing configured from the base station for the time-domain window applied to all cells. In this case, the reference subcarrier spacing configured for the terminal for the time-domain window applied to all cells should not be greater than the subcarrier spacing configured in the UL BWP of all cells.

[0506] ii) The base station can be configured with a duration of a time-domain window that typically applies to all cells. In this case, the duration of the time-domain window can be described as the duration of a common time-domain window for the cells. The duration of the common time-domain window for the cells can be adjusted based on the reference subcarrier spacing and the cell's subcarrier spacing. That is, when the duration of the common time-domain window for the cells is M slots / symbols / repetitions, the duration of the time-domain window applied to the cells can be f(M*(SCS_cell / SCS_refer)) slots / symbols / repetitions. SCS_refer is the reference subcarrier spacing, and SCS_cell is the subcarrier spacing of the applied cell. f(x) can be at least one of ceil(x), floor(x), and round(x). Reference Figure 70 Cell #0 can be configured with a subcarrier spacing of 30 kHz, while cell #1 can be configured with a subcarrier spacing of 15 kHz. In this case, the reference subcarrier spacing can be configured as a subcarrier spacing of 15 kHz. The duration of the common time domain window for the cells can be configured to 5 time slots. The duration of the time domain window applied to cell #0 can be 10(f(5*(30kHz / 15kHz))) time slots / symbols / repetitions, while the duration of the time domain window applied to cell #1 can be determined as 5(f(5*(15kHz / 15kHz))) time slots / symbols / repetitions. Reference Figure 71For example, cell #0 can be configured with a subcarrier spacing of 30 kHz, while cell #1 can be configured with a subcarrier spacing of 15 kHz. The reference subcarrier spacing can be configured to 30 kHz. The common time-domain window for the cells can be configured to 5 time slots. In this case, if f(x) is ceil(x), the duration of the time-domain window applied to cell #0 is 5(ceil(5*(30kHz / 30kHz))) time slots / symbols / repetitions, while the duration of the time-domain window applied to cell #1 can be determined to be 3(ceil(5*(15kHz / 30kHz))) time slots / symbols / repetitions.

[0507] ii-a) The terminal may select a reference cell from multiple uplink cells. Additionally, a time-domain window determined based on the selected reference cell can be applied to all cells. The method for determining the reference cell is as follows.

[0508] -PCell: The reference cell can be PCell. That is, the terminal can extend and apply the time-domain window determined based on PCell to SCell.

[0509] - Lowest Cell Index: The reference cell can be a cell with a lowest cell index. The lowest cell index can be 0. That is, the PCell can be the reference cell. The lowest cell index can be 1 or higher. That is, cells with the lowest cell index from the SCell, other than the PCell, can be reference cells.

[0510] -Minimum SCS: The reference cell can be a cell configured with the minimum subcarrier spacing. For example, the reference... Figure 68 This is described to prevent the time-domain window boundary from being included in the time slot of another cell. In this case, if multiple cells are configured with the lowest subcarrier spacing, other criteria can be considered to select a reference cell. These other criteria could be cell index, TDD configuration period, and uplink time slot ratio. For example, if two cells are configured with the lowest subcarrier spacing, the cell with the lower cell index could be the reference cell.

[0511] - Longest TDD Configuration Period: The reference cell can be the cell with the longest TDD configuration period. The TDD configuration period refers to the period in which a TDD configuration repeats according to the 3GPP standard. Reference Figure 72The subcarrier spacing of all cells can be 15 kHz, the TDD configuration period of cell #0 can be 5 ms, and the TDD configuration period of cell #1 can be 10 ms. To include as many uplink slots as possible for multiple uplink cells, the terminal can determine the cell with the longest TDD configuration period as the reference cell and apply the reference cell's time-domain window to all cells. Therefore, since cell #0's TDD configuration period is 5 slots and cell #1's is 10 slots, cell #1 is selected as the reference cell, and the cell #1's time-domain window can be applied to all cells. If multiple cells have the longest TDD configuration period, other criteria can be considered when selecting the reference cell. These other criteria can be cell index, subcarrier spacing, and uplink slot ratio. If two cells have the longest TDD configuration periods, the cell with the lower SCS can be selected as the reference cell.

[0512] - Maximum UL Slots: The reference cell can be the cell containing the maximum number of UL slots. That is, the terminal can perform uplink transmission for joint channel estimation by identifying the cell with the maximum number of uplink slots within the same time interval from multiple uplink cells as the reference cell. The same time interval can be the longest TDD configuration period of the multiple cells. Reference Figure 73 Cell #1, which includes more uplink slots than cell #0, can be the reference cell. If multiple cells exist with the maximum number of uplink slots, other criteria can be considered when selecting a reference cell. These criteria could include cell index, subcarrier spacing, and TDD configuration period. If two cells exist with the maximum number of uplink slots, the cell with the longer TDD configuration period can be selected as the reference cell.

[0513] iii) The terminal may determine a time-domain window based on consecutive time slots ...

Claims

1. A method performed by a terminal in a wireless communication system, the method comprising: Receive time slot configuration information; as well as Uplink channels are repeatedly transmitted on the resources determined based on the time slot configuration information. The uplink channel uses frequency hopping to repeatedly transmit over the first and second hops. The uplink channel is transmitted in the first hop during the interval of the first bundled consecutive time slots, and the uplink channel is transmitted in the second hop during the interval of the second bundled consecutive time slots. Wherein, each of the first bundled consecutive time slots includes each of the demodulation reference signal DM-RS, and each of the second bundled consecutive time slots includes each of the DM-RS. Power consistency and phase continuity are maintained within the first bundled consecutive time slots, and Power consistency and phase continuity are maintained within the continuous time slots of the second bundle.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The number of consecutive time slots in the first bundle and the number of consecutive time slots in the second bundle are received from the base station.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein, Each time slot in the first bundle of consecutive time slots has the same identification number, and In this case, each time slot in the second bundle of consecutive time slots has the same identification number.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The time slot configuration information includes information related to the symbol type of the resource.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein, Each time slot of the first bundled consecutive time slots and each time slot of the second bundled consecutive time slots includes at least one of an uplink symbol and a flexible symbol.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The uplink channel at the first hop is transmitted on the same number of PRBs of resources, starting at the same Physical Resource Block (PRB) location in the frequency domain, and In this context, the uplink channel at the second hop is transmitted on the same number of PRB resources starting at the same PRB position in the frequency domain.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The uplink channel is either the Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) or the Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH).

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The uplink channel is transmitted within the time-domain window. The time-domain window is configured based on information about the time-domain window received from the base station.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein, The information regarding the time-domain window includes at least one of the number of time slots, the number of symbols, and the number of retransmissions of the uplink channel.

10. The method according to claim 8, wherein, The time-domain window is from the start time of the repeated transmission of the uplink channel to the end time of the repeated transmission of the uplink channel.

11. The method according to claim 8, wherein, The time-domain window includes consecutive time slots in the time domain, and the consecutive time slots include at least one of uplink symbols and flexible symbols.

12. A terminal in a wireless communication system, the terminal comprising: transceiver; as well as A processor configured to control the transceiver. The processor is configured as follows: Receive time slot configuration information, Uplink channels are repeatedly transmitted on the resources determined based on the time slot configuration information. The uplink channel uses frequency hopping to repeatedly transmit over the first and second hops. The uplink channel is transmitted in the first hop during the interval of the first bundled consecutive time slots, and the uplink channel is transmitted in the second hop during the interval of the second bundled consecutive time slots. Wherein, each of the first bundled consecutive time slots includes each of the demodulation reference signal DM-RS, and each of the second bundled consecutive time slots includes each of the DM-RS. Power consistency and phase continuity are maintained within the first bundled consecutive time slots, and Power consistency and phase continuity are maintained within the continuous time slots of the second bundle.

13. The terminal according to claim 12, wherein, The number of consecutive time slots in the first bundle and the number of consecutive time slots in the second bundle are received from the base station.

14. The terminal according to claim 12, wherein, Each time slot in the first bundle of consecutive time slots has the same identification number, and In this case, each time slot in the second bundle of consecutive time slots has the same identification number.

15. The terminal according to claim 12, wherein, The uplink channel is either the Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) or the Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH).

16. The terminal according to claim 12, wherein, The time slot configuration information includes information related to the symbol type of the resource.

17. The terminal according to claim 12, wherein, The uplink channel at the first hop is transmitted on the same number of PRBs of resources, starting at the same Physical Resource Block (PRB) location in the frequency domain, and In this context, the uplink channel at the second hop is transmitted on the same number of PRB resources starting at the same PRB position in the frequency domain.

18. The terminal according to claim 12, wherein, The uplink channel is transmitted within the time-domain window. The time-domain window is configured based on information about the time-domain window received from the base station.

19. A method performed by a base station in a wireless communication system, the method comprising: Send time slot configuration information; as well as Receive uplink channels that are repeatedly transmitted on resources determined based on the time slot configuration information. The uplink channel uses frequency hopping to repeatedly transmit over the first and second hops. The uplink channel is transmitted in the first hop during the interval of the first bundled consecutive time slots, and the uplink channel is transmitted in the second hop during the interval of the second bundled consecutive time slots. Wherein, each of the first bundled consecutive time slots includes each of the demodulation reference signal DM-RS, and each of the second bundled consecutive time slots includes each of the DM-RS. Power consistency and phase continuity are maintained within the first bundled consecutive time slots, and Power consistency and phase continuity are maintained within the continuous time slots of the second bundle.

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