A plant-derived attractant for golden fly, preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of attractants, and discloses a plant-derived attractant for golden flies, a preparation method and an application thereof. The attractant comprises the following raw materials: α-pinene, β-myrcene, D-limonene, ethyl benzoate, α-caryophyllene and methyl salicylate. The preparation method of the attractant comprises dissolving α-pinene, β-myrcene, D-limonene, ethyl benzoate, α-caryophyllene and methyl salicylate in a solvent, wherein the solvent is n-hexane. The present invention solves the problem that the traditional fly-attracting pollination process cannot achieve the development of green agriculture, and utilizes the attractant to increase the contact opportunity between golden flies and mango flowers, artificially increase the flower-visiting activity and enthusiasm of insects, and provide a new idea for increasing mango pollination.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of attractants, and in particular to a plant-derived attractant for golden fly, a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Mango, also known as mango (Mangifera indica L.), belongs to the Anacardiaceae family and is one of the four major tropical fruits. It is known as the "king of tropical fruits". China's mango cultivation area and output are among the highest in the world. Mango is a typical insect-pollinated crop. Insect pollination is closely related to its yield. Without insect pollination, mango is difficult to fruit. Therefore, the lack of pollinators is one of the reasons for the low fruit setting rate of mango. The main flowering period of mango often encounters rainy weather, low temperature, and few pollinating insects, resulting in no insect pollination or poor pollination, resulting in a decrease in fruit setting rate.

[0003] Studies in many countries and regions have shown that the Diptera big-headed golden flies are the main pollination group of mangoes, such as China, Australia, Israel, the Philippines, Bangladesh, etc. The big-headed golden flies have good pollination effects and strong adaptability to low temperatures, and have the potential for application in auxiliary pollination. At present, during the mango flowering period, rotten animal carcasses (such as smelly fish, dead chickens, etc.) are often placed to attract flies for pollination. Adult flies breed, mate and lay eggs on the rotten meat, while foraging for pollen rich in sugar and protein. However, traditional fly-attracting pollination brings a noticeable odor, which has a significant impact on the cleanliness and standardized management of orchards, and thus affects the development of mango green agriculture and ecological agriculture. Therefore, we need to explore more green and environmentally friendly measures for odorless fly-attracting pollination during the mango flowering period. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a plant-based attractant for Chrysopa longituba, a preparation method and application thereof, so as to solve the problem that the traditional fly attracting and pollination process cannot achieve the development of green agriculture.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a technical solution as follows: a plant-based attractant for Chrysocytis cinerea, comprising the following raw materials: α-pinene, β-myrcene, D-limonene, ethyl benzoate, α-caryophyllene and methyl salicylate.

[0006] Furthermore, the mass ratio of α-pinene, β-myrcene, D-limonene, ethyl benzoate, α-caryophyllene and methyl salicylate is 38:0.1:19:36:0.9:28.

[0007] The present invention provides another technical solution as follows: a method for preparing a plant-based attractant for Chrysocytis cinerea, comprising dissolving α-pinene, β-myrcene, D-limonene, ethyl benzoate, α-caryophyllene and methyl salicylate in a solvent, wherein the solvent is n-hexane.

[0008] Furthermore, the α-pinene is prepared into a solution with a concentration of 1 μg / μL using n-hexane.

[0009] Furthermore, the β-myrcene is prepared into a solution with a concentration of 1 μg / μL using n-hexane.

[0010] Furthermore, the D-limonene is prepared into a solution with a concentration of 0.1 μg / μL using n-hexane.

[0011] Furthermore, the ethyl benzoate is prepared into a solution with a concentration of 0.1 μg / μL using n-hexane.

[0012] Furthermore, the α-caryophyllene is prepared into a solution with a concentration of 1 μg / μL using n-hexane.

[0013] Furthermore, the methyl salicylate is prepared into a solution with a concentration of 1 μg / μL using n-hexane.

[0014] The present invention provides another technical solution as follows: the plant-derived attractant for Chrysocybe spp. described in any one of the above solutions is applied to mango flower pollination.

[0015] Compared with the prior art solutions, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] This solution uses dynamic headspace adsorption and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to extract and identify mango flower volatiles, uses gas chromatography-electroantennary coupling (GC-EAD) and electroantennary (EAG) to measure the electroantennary response of the big-headed golden fly to mango flower volatiles, and conducts behavioral selection experiments on mango flower volatiles and compound products to understand the effect of mango flower volatiles on the attraction behavior of the big-headed golden fly. It has been confirmed through experiments that the compounded plant-derived attractant of the present invention can attract the big-headed golden fly, thereby increasing the contact opportunities between the big-headed golden fly and mango flowers, artificially increasing the flower-visiting activities and enthusiasm of insects, and providing a new method for increasing mango pollination; and the raw materials of this solution are easy to purchase, which is conducive to reducing the production cost of the product and facilitating the promotion and application of farmers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is the GC-MS total ion current diagram of the volatiles of Tainong No. 1 in this example;

[0018] Figure 2 This is the GC-EAD reaction diagram of male and female adults of Chrysocytis melanogaster to volatiles of mango flowers in this example;

[0019] Figure 3 The EAG reaction diagram of male and female adults of Chrysopa longituba to different concentrations of α-pinene (A), β-myrcene (B), D-limonene (C), ethyl benzoate (D), α-caryophyllene (E), and methyl salicylate (F) in this example;

[0020] Figure 4 The behavior response diagram of the female (A) and male (B) of the big-headed golden fly to α-pinene in this example;

[0021] Figure 5 The behavioral responses of female (A) and male (B) Chrysopa longituba to β-myrcene in this example;

[0022] Figure 6 The behavioral responses of female (A) and male (B) Chrysopa longituba to D-limonene in this example;

[0023] Figure 7 The behavioral responses of the female (A) and male (B) of the big-headed golden fly to ethyl benzoate in this example;

[0024] Figure 8 The diagrams are the behavioral responses of the female (A) and male (B) of the big-headed golden fly to α-caryophyllene in this example;

[0025] Fig. 9 The behavioral responses of female (A) and male (B) Chrysopa longituba to methyl salicylate in this example;

[0026] Fig.10 Graph showing the behavioral responses of male and female Chrysopa longituba to the mixture in this example.

[0027] Figure 3 Explanation: Different lowercase letters on the same column indicate that the EAG responses of male and female adults to different concentrations of the substance are significantly different, P<0.05; * on different columns indicates that the EAG responses of male and female adults to the same concentration of the substance are significantly different, P<0.05, ** indicates extremely significant differences, P<0.01;

[0028] Figure 4-9 Explanation: NR indicates individuals that did not respond to the treatment; N indicates the total sample size; ** and * indicate significant differences between the control and the treatment at P<0.01 and P<0.05, respectively; NS indicates no significant difference between the treatment and the control at P<0.05. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0030] Example

[0031] A plant-based attractant for golden fly comprises the following raw materials: α-pinene, β-myrcene, D-limonene, ethyl benzoate, α-caryophyllene and methyl salicylate, wherein the mass ratio of α-pinene, β-myrcene, D-limonene, ethyl benzoate, α-caryophyllene and methyl salicylate is 38:0.1:19:36:0.9:28.

[0032] A method for preparing a plant-based attractant for golden fly, comprising dissolving α-pinene, β-myrcene, D-limonene, ethyl benzoate, α-caryophyllene and methyl salicylate in a solvent, wherein the solvent is n-hexane. α-pinene is prepared into a solution with a concentration of 1 μg / μL with n-hexane, β-myrcene is prepared into a solution with a concentration of 1 μg / μL with n-hexane, D-limonene is prepared into a solution with a concentration of 0.1 μg / μL with n-hexane, ethyl benzoate is prepared into a solution with a concentration of 0.1 μg / μL with n-hexane, α-caryophyllene is prepared into a solution with a concentration of 1 μg / μL with n-hexane, and methyl salicylate is prepared into a solution with a concentration of 1 μg / μL with n-hexane.

[0033] The plant-derived attractant for golden flies prepared by the above method is applied to mango flower pollination. By attracting golden flies with plant sources, the contact opportunities between golden flies and mango flowers are increased, the enthusiasm of insects to visit flowers is artificially increased, and a new idea is provided for increasing mango pollination.

[0034] Collection, analysis and identification of volatiles from mango flowers

[0035] Collection of mango flower volatiles: The dynamic headspace adsorption method was used to collect mango flower volatiles. The mango variety selected was Tainong No. 1 in the specimen garden of Guangxi University (22°50′N, 108°17′E). During the flowering period of mango flowers, odorless polyethylene plastic bags were used to cover the mango flowers, and air inlets and outlets were reserved at both ends of the bag. The air generated by the atmospheric sampler entered the collection bag through activated carbon and an adsorption tube filled with adsorbent to remove moisture and impurities in the air to avoid affecting the subsequent adsorption effect of the adsorbent on mango flower volatiles. Then, the atmospheric sampler was used to pass the volatile odor of mango flowers through the air outlet of the collection bag into the adsorption tube filled with adsorbent. All connecting pipes used Teflon hoses, and the flow rates of the air inlet and outlet were 300mL·min -1 The volatiles were collected from 8:00 to 12:00 in fine weather for a total of 4 hours. Three mango plants in full bloom were selected, and three flower clusters of similar size were selected from each plant for volatiles collection.

[0036] After the collection is completed, the adsorption tube is wrapped with tin foil and sealing film, sealed and taken back to the laboratory. On the same day, the adsorption tube is eluted with 2 ml of chromatographic grade n-hexane, dropped into an Agilent brown injection bottle and concentrated with high-purity nitrogen. The eluates from the three adsorption tubes of the same plant are combined into one injection bottle and concentrated to 1 ml. The eluted samples are stored in a -20° refrigerator for use and concentrated to 100 μL with nitrogen before detection.

[0037] GC-MS detection conditions: Agilent gas chromatography-mass spectrometer with split injection device, chromatographic column is HP-5MS capillary column (30m×0.25mm×0.25μm), carrier gas is helium with purity>99.99%, injection volume is 1μL, constant flow splitless mode, injector 250℃, detector 300℃, flow rate is 1mL·min -1 Column oven heating program: starting temperature 40℃, hold for 1min, 5℃·min -1 Heat to 90℃, hold for 1min, 3℃·min -1 Heat to 120℃, hold for 1min, 10℃·min -1 The temperature was raised to 200°C and maintained for 1 min. The working conditions of MS were: EI ion source, electron energy 70 eV, proton scanning range 50-550 amu, quadrupole temperature 150°C, ion source temperature 230°C, and electron multiplier voltage 1200V.

[0038] Each component was analyzed and compared with the mass spectra of standard compounds in the standard spectral library (NIST17.0) for qualitative analysis, and the peak area normalization method was used for quantitative analysis.

[0039] The dynamic headspace adsorption method was used to collect mango flower volatiles, and the volatile components in mango flowers were determined by GC-MS. Finally, the compounds with high similarity to the mass spectrum library (≥90) were retained. The components were analyzed and compared with the mass spectra of the standard compounds in the standard spectrum library (NIST17.0) for qualitative analysis. The peak area normalization method was used for quantitative analysis. The results showed that ( Figure 1 As shown in Figure 3, a total of 50 volatile components were identified in the volatiles of Tainong No. 1 mango flowers, mainly terpenes and esters, of which terpenes accounted for as high as 89.41%.

[0040] GC-EAD response of Chrysopa longituba to volatiles from mango flowers

[0041] Sample preparation: Concentrate the mango flower eluate to 100 mL using nitrogen.

[0042] Preparation of glass capillaries: Use an alcohol lamp to burn a 12 cm long glass capillary in the middle into two glass capillaries with one end neat and the other end pointed. Inject physiological saline into the two glass capillaries. At the same time, prepare two clean silver wires with a length of 5.5 mm. Insert the silver wires from the tail of the glass electrode holder. Bend the ends of the silver wires by about 2 mm to stabilize them at the tail of the holder. Then insert the tip of the silver wire from the end of the glass capillary. Finally, fix the two glass electrode holders to the measuring pole and reference pole of the PRG-3 electrode respectively.

[0043] Preparation and connection of antennae: Prepare 7-day-old male and female adults of the newly emerged golden fly. Pull off the antennae of the insect to be tested from the base with tweezers, remove the reference electrode of the PRG-3 electrode, and use the tip of a glass capillary to suck the base of the antennae with the help of the surface tension of saline. Then fix the reference electrode and connect the tip of the antennae to one end of the measuring electrode. Place the antennae about 1 cm away from the outlet of the odor tube, and keep the airflow at 300 mL min. -1 , open the Gc-Ead software to record and analyze data. Observe the EAD baseline during the GC-EAD program. When the baseline is stable and the gas chromatograph is ready, aspirate 1 μL of sample each time and inject it into the injection port of the gas chromatograph. After the program is executed, use the GC-EAD software to synchronously record the gas chromatogram and antennae potential diagram. Only one antenna is used for each male and female adult, and each antenna is tested only once, which is repeated 5 times in total.

[0044] GC detection conditions: starting temperature 40°C, hold for 1 min, 5°C min -1 Heat to 90℃, hold for 1min, 3℃·min -1 Heat to 120℃, hold for 1min, 10℃·min -1 The temperature was raised to 200°C and maintained for 1 min.

[0045] The results show that ( Figure 2 There are 15 substances in total to which male and female big-headed golden flies have antennal electrophysiological responses to mango flower volatiles, namely styrene, α-pinene, β-myrcene, 3-carene, α-terpinene, D-limonene, cyclofenene, terpinolene, aromatic alcohol, ethyl benzoate, β-bourbonne, α-caryophyllene, methyl salicylate, and geranene D.

[0046] EAG response of Chrysopa longituba to volatiles from mango flowers

[0047] Sample preparation: Using chromatographically pure n-hexane as the solvent, α-pinene, β-myrcene, D-limonene, ethyl benzoate, α-caryophyllene, and methyl salicylate were diluted into five concentration gradients of 0.01 μg / μL, 0.1 μg / μL, 1 μg / μL, 10 μg / μL, and 100 μg / μL, respectively.

[0048] Before the test, use tweezers to pull the antennae of the insect to be tested from the base, connect the antennae, and place the antennae about 1 cm away from the outlet of the odor tube. The continuous airflow is 300 mL min -1, after the antennal potential stabilizes, start the test. Use chromatographically pure n-hexane as the control and leaf alcohol as the reference. During the test, draw 10uL of the test solution and drop it on a qualitative filter paper (1cm×2cm) folded into a "V" shape. Quickly place it in a 1mL pipette tip and connect it to the stimulation tube. The stimulation duration is 0.5s, and the stimulation interval is 60s to ensure that the antennal activity is fully restored. Each group of tests is carried out in the order of "control-standard reference-sample to be tested-sample to be tested-standard reference-control". Only one group is tested for each antenna, and only one antenna is used for each adult big-headed golden fly. Five groups are tested for each sample, and the relative value of the EAG response is calculated according to the following formula.

[0049] The calculation formula of EAG is as follows:

[0050]

[0051] Statistical analysis: SPSS26.0 software was used for data statistics. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to analyze the EAG responses of Chrysocytidae to different concentrations of mango flower volatile standards, and the Tukey method was used for significance test (P<0.05).

[0052] The effect of male and female Chrysopa longituba on α-pinene ( Figure 3 The EAG response value of the α-pinene (shown in the schematic diagram of A) increased with the increase of concentration. The EAG response value of the female Chrysopidae to α-pinene at a concentration of 100 μg / μL was significantly higher than that at the other four concentrations, and the difference reached a significant level (F=94.124, df=4,20, P<0.01). The EAG response value of the male Chrysopidae to α-pinene at high concentrations was significantly higher than that at low concentrations. The EAG response value of the insect to α-pinene at a concentration of 100 μg / μL was significantly different from that at 0.01 μg / μL, 0.1 μg / μL, 1 μg / μL and 10 μg / μL (F=162.364, df=4,20, P<0.01). In addition, there was no significant difference in the relative values ​​of the EAG response of the male and female Chrysopidae to α-pinene at the same concentration.

[0053] The effects of male and female Chrysocytis cinerea on β-myrcene ( Figure 3The EAG response value of the β-myrcene (shown in the schematic diagram of B) increased with the increase of concentration. The EAG response value of the female Chrysopidae to β-myrcene at a concentration of 100 μg / μL was significantly higher than that at the other four concentrations, and the difference reached a significant level (F=195.270, df=4,20, P<0.01). The EAG response value of the male Chrysopidae to β-myrcene was higher at high concentrations. The EAG response value of the insect to β-myrcene at a concentration of 100 μg / μL was not significantly different from that at 10 μg / μL, but was significantly different from the three concentrations of 0.01 μg / μL, 0.1 μg / μL, and 1 μg / μL (F=143.302, df=4,20, P<0.01). There was no significant difference in the relative values ​​of EAG responses of male and female adults of Chrysopus bigheadedus to β-myrcene at the same concentration of 0.01μg / μL, 0.1μg / μL and 100μg / μL, but the EAG response of male Chrysopus bigheadedus to β-myrcene at concentrations of 1μg / μL (t=-3.838, P=0.005) and 10μg / μL (t=-4.606, P=0.002) was significantly higher than that of females at the same concentration.

[0054] The effect of male and female Chrysopa longituba on D-limonene ( Figure 3 The EAG response value of D-limonene (as shown in the schematic diagram in C) increases with the increase of concentration. The EAG response value of female Chrysopidae to D-limonene is higher at high concentrations. The EAG response value of the insect to D-limonene at a concentration of 100μg / μL is not significantly different from that at 10μg / μL, but is significantly different from the three concentrations of 0.01μg / μL, 0.1μg / μL, and 1μg / μL (F=95.917, df=4,20, P<0.01). The EAG response value of male Chrysopidae to D-limonene at a concentration of 100μg / μL is significantly higher than that at the other four concentrations, and the difference reaches a significant level (F=97.405, df=4,20, P<0.01). In addition, there is no significant difference in the relative values ​​of EAG response of male and female Chrysopidae to D-limonene at the same concentration.

[0055] Ethyl benzoate ( Figure 3The EAG response value of the female Chrysopa longituba to ethyl benzoate (shown in the schematic diagram of D) increased with the increase of concentration. The EAG response value of the female Chrysopa longituba to ethyl benzoate was higher at high concentrations. The EAG response value of the female Chrysopa longituba to ethyl benzoate at a concentration of 100 μg / μL was greater than that of 10 μg / μL, but there was no significant difference. The EAG response value of the female Chrysopa longituba to ethyl benzoate at a concentration of 100 μg / μL was greater than that of 10 μg / μL, but there was no significant difference. The EAG response value of the female Chrysopa longituba to ethyl benzoate at a concentration of 0.01 μg / μL, 0.1 μg / μL, and 1 μg / μL was significantly different (F=37.987, df=4,20, P<0.01). The EAG response value of male Chrysopidae to ethyl benzoate was higher at high concentrations. The EAG response value of the insect to ethyl benzoate at a concentration of 100μg / μL was not significantly different from that at 10μg / μL, but was significantly different from that at 0.01μg / μL, 0.1μg / μL, and 1μg / μL (F=39.452, df=4,20, P<0.01). In addition, there was no significant difference in the relative values ​​of EAG response of male and female Chrysopidae to ethyl benzoate at the same concentration.

[0056] The male and female Chrysopa longituba insects are sensitive to α-caryophyllene ( Figure 3 The EAG response value of α-caryophyllene (shown in the schematic diagram of E) increased with the increase of concentration. The EAG response value of female Chrysopidae to α-caryophyllene at a concentration of 100μg / μL was significantly higher than that at the other four concentrations, and the difference reached a significant level (F=86.812, df=4,20, P<0.01). The EAG response value of male Chrysopidae to α-caryophyllene at high concentrations was significantly higher than that at low concentrations. The EAG response value of α-caryophyllene at a concentration of 100μg / μL was significantly different from that at 0.01μg / μL, 0.1μg / μL, 1μg / μL and 10μg / μL (F=69.296, df=4,20, P<0.01). In addition, there was no significant difference in the relative values ​​of EAG response of male and female Chrysopidae to α-caryophyllene at the same concentration.

[0057] Methyl salicylate ( Figure 3The EAG response value of the female Chrysopidae (shown in the schematic diagram of F) first increased and then decreased with the increase of concentration. The EAG response value of the female Chrysopidae to methyl salicylate at a concentration of 10μg / μL was significantly higher than that at the other four concentrations, and was significantly different from 0.01μg / μL, 0.1μg / μL, 1μg / μL, and 100μg / μL (F=123.732, df=4,20, P<0.01). The EAG response value of the male Chrysopidae to methyl salicylate was higher at high concentrations. The EAG response value of the insect to methyl salicylate at a concentration of 10μg / μL was greater than that at 100μg / μL, but there was no significant difference, and was significantly different from the three concentrations of 0.01μg / μL, 0.1μg / μL, and 1μg / μL (F=97.546, df=4,20, P<0.01). In addition, there was no significant difference in the relative values ​​of EAG responses of male and female adults of Chrysopa longituba to methyl salicylate at the same concentration.

[0058] Behavioral responses of Chrysopa longituba to volatiles from mango flowers

[0059] Sample preparation: Using chromatographically pure n-hexane as the solvent, α-pinene, β-myrcene, D-limonene, ethyl benzoate, α-caryophyllene, and methyl salicylate were diluted into five concentration gradients of 0.01 μg / μL, 0.1 μg / μL, 1 μg / μL, 10 μg / μL, and 100 μg / μL, respectively.

[0060] A "Y"-type olfactometer test was conducted on the mango flower volatile standard. The main arm of the "Y"-type olfactometer is 30 cm long, and the two side arms are 20 cm long. The inner diameters of the main arm and the side arms are both 4 cm, and the angle between the side arms is 60°. The "Y"-type olfactometer consists of a Y-shaped glass tube and related accessories (atmospheric sampler, activated carbon filter bottle, gas washing bottle, flow meter), which are connected to the device in the order of "atmospheric sampler→activated carbon (purified gas)→gas washing bottle (humidified gas)→flow meter→Y-type olfactometer" through a Teflon hose.

[0061] During the test, 10 μL of volatile sample and n-hexane were respectively dropped on 1 cm × 2 cm qualitative filter paper and placed in a spherical trap connected by two arms, with n-hexane as the control. The gas flow rate was controlled at 300 mL˙min -1 . Ten adult golden flies were released each time. They were first released after adapting to the guide mouth for 30 seconds. They were observed for 5 minutes. If they entered more than half of the side arm, they were counted as selected. Otherwise, they were counted as not selected and replaced with adults for retesting. Ten adults were grouped together, and six groups were repeated. After testing 10 adults, the positions of the tube walls on both sides were swapped to eliminate environmental influences. After testing one group, the device was cleaned with 98% anhydrous ethanol.

[0062] Statistical analysis: The behavioral responses of the big-headed golden fly to mango flower volatiles were analyzed using independent sample T-tests. The behavioral selection results showed that the female (A) and male (B) adults of the big-headed golden fly responded to α-pinene ( Figure 4 The selection rate of 1 μg / μL (female: t=2.449, df=10, P<0.05; male: t=3.381, df=10, P<0.01) was significantly higher than that of the control n-hexane, showing a significant attractant effect. The selection rates of 10 μg / μL (female: t=-3.814, df=10, P<0.01; male: t=-4.767, df=10, P<0.01), 100 μg / μL (female: t=-7.746, df=10, P<0.01; male: t =-8.257, df=10, P<0.01) was significantly lower than that of n-hexane. There was no significant difference in the selection rate for α-pinene between the females and the control at 0.01μg / μL (female: t=1.651, df=10, P=0.130; male: t=0.845, df=10, P=0.418) and 0.1μg / μL (female: t=0.434, df=10, P=0.673; male: t=0.392, df=10, P=0.703), indicating no attractant effect.

[0063] The male and female adults of the big-headed fly are sensitive to β-myrcene ( Figure 5 The selection rates of 1 μg / μL (female: t=2.469, df=10, P<0.05; male: t=2.207, df=10, P<0.05), 10 μg / μL (female: t=3.162, df=10, P<0.05; male: t=2.236, df=10, P<0.05), 100 μg / μL (female: t=2.739, df=10, P<0.05; male: t=4.111, df=10, P<0.05). =10, P<0.01), which was significantly higher than the control n-hexane. There was no significant difference in the selectivity of β-myrcene between the female and the control at 0.01 μg / μL (female: t=-0.767, df=10, P=0.461; male: t=-0.587, df=10, P=0.570) and 0.1 μg / μL (female: t=0.000, df=10, P=1.000; male: t=-1.414, df=10, P=0.188).

[0064] The effect of male and female adults of Chrysopa longituba on D-limonene ( Figure 6The selectivity of 0.1 μg / μL (female: t=3.381, df=10, P<0.01; male: t=3.457, df=10, P<0.01) was significantly higher than that of the control n-hexane, and the selectivity of 100 μg / μL (female: t=-8.396, df=10, P<0.01; male: t=-8.452, df=10, P<0.01) was significantly lower than that of the control n-hexane. There was no significant difference in the selection rate of D-limonene between the control and the control at 0.01 μg / μL (female: t=1.257, df=10, P=0.237; male: t=0.000, df=10, P=1.000) and 1 μg / μL (female: t=-1.534, df=10, P=0.156; male: t=-1.257, df=10, P=0.237) of n-hexane. The selection rate of D-limonene for females at 10 μg / μL (female: t=-3.041, df=10, P<0.05) was significantly lower than that of the control n-hexane, while there was no significant difference in the selection rate of males at 10 μg / μL (male: t=-0.767, df=10, P=0.461).

[0065] Ethyl benzoate ( Figure 7 The selection rate of 0.1 μg / μL (female: t = 2.469, df = 10, P < 0.05; male: t = 2.746, df = 10, P < 0.05) was significantly higher than that of the control n-hexane, and the selection rate of 10 μg / μL (female: t = -10.954, df = 10, P < 0.01; male: t = -5.590, df = 10, P < 0.01), 100 μg / μL (female: t = -8.944, df = 10, P < 0.01; male: t The selectivity of females to n-hexane was significantly lower than that of n-hexane. There was no significant difference in the selectivity of ethyl benzoate between the females and the control at 0.01 μg / μL (females: t=-0.767, df=10, P=0.461; males: t=0.767, df=10, P=0.461) and 1 μg / μL (females: t=2.070, df=10, P=0.065; males: t=1.118, df=10, P=0.290).

[0066] The male and female adults of the big-headed fly are sensitive to α-caryophyllene ( Figure 8The selectivity of 1 μg / μL (female: t=3.381, df=10, P<0.01; male: t=3.162, df=10, P<0.05) was significantly higher than that of the control n-hexane, and the selectivity of 100 μg / μL (female: t=-2.523, df=10, P<0.05; male: t=-3.770, df=10, P<0.01) was significantly lower than that of n-hexane, and the selectivity of 0.01 μg / μL (female: t=1.414, df=10 There was no significant difference in the selection rate of α-caryophyllene between the control and the control at 0.1 μg / μL (female: t=0.696, df=10, P=0.503; male: t=0.707, df=10, P=0.496), and 10 μg / μL (female: t=-1.257, df=10, P=0.237; male: t=0.000, df=10, P=1.000).

[0067] Methyl salicylate ( Fig. 9 The selectivity of 1 μg / μL (female: t=2.739, df=10, P<0.05; male: t=2.236, df=10, P<0.05) and 10 μg / μL (female: t=2.236, df=10, P<0.05; male: t=2.469, df=10, P<0.05) was significantly higher than that of the control n-hexane, and at 100 μg / μL (female: t=-2.449, df=10, P<0.05; male: t=-3 .068, df=10, P<0.05) was significantly lower than that of n-hexane. There was no significant difference in the selectivity of methyl salicylate between the females and the control at 0.01 μg / μL (female: t=0.000, df=10, P=1.000; male: t=1.118, df=10, P=0.29) and 0.1 μg / μL (female: t=0.392, df=10, P=0.703; male: t=-0.392, df=10, P=0.703).

[0068] The results showed that the male and female adults of the big-headed golden fly had a strong effect on the compound ( Fig.10 The selection rate of 1-hydroxy-2-nitropropene (as shown) was significantly higher than that of n-hexane (female: t=4.954, df=10, P<0.01; male: t=4.767, df=10, P<0.01), which had a significant attractant effect.

[0069] The above is only an embodiment of the present invention, and the common knowledge such as the known specific technical solutions or characteristics in the solution is not described in detail here. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the technical solution of the present invention, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection required by this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A plant-based attractant for Chrysocytis cinerea, characterized in that: The active ingredients of the attractant are composed of the following raw materials: α-pinene, β-myrcene, D-limonene, ethyl benzoate, α-caryophyllene and methyl salicylate; The mass ratio of α-pinene, β-myrcene, D-limonene, ethyl benzoate, α-caryophyllene and methyl salicylate is 38:0.1:19:36:0.9:28; α-pinene, β-myrcene, D-limonene, ethyl benzoate, α-caryophyllene and methyl salicylate are dissolved in a solvent, wherein the solvent is n-hexane; The α-pinene is prepared into a solution with a concentration of 1 μg / μL using n-hexane; The β-myrcene is prepared into a solution with a concentration of 1 μg / μL using n-hexane; The D-limonene is prepared into a solution with a concentration of 0.1 μg / μL using n-hexane; The ethyl benzoate is prepared into a solution with a concentration of 0.1 μg / μL using n-hexane; The α-caryophyllene is prepared into a solution with a concentration of 1 μg / μL using n-hexane; The methyl salicylate is prepared into a solution with a concentration of 1 μg / μL using n-hexane.

2. The plant-derived attractant for Chrysocytis melanogaster described in claim 1 is applied to mango flower pollination.

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