Methods for reducing pH value of carbonate saline-alkali pond water in Northeast China

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for reducing the pH value of carbonate saline pond water in Northeast China. The method uses photosynthetic bacteria and lactic acid bacteria whose live bacteria count reaches a preset value as regulating bacteria, and starts to apply them when the water temperature reaches 20°C; the ratio, application amount and application frequency of photosynthetic bacteria and lactic acid bacteria are adjusted according to the season and water temperature changes, and the spraying method of photosynthetic bacteria liquid is optimized. Compared with the year without application, after one breeding cycle, the filter-feeding fish bighead carp and silver carp have a shiny body surface, increased mucus, no bacterial diseases, and a 50% faster growth and weight gain.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of saline-alkali water regulation, relates to the regulation of carbonate-type saline-alkali water, and specifically relates to a method for reducing the pH value of carbonate-type saline-alkali pond water in Northeast China. Background Art

[0002] Carbonate-type saline-alkali soil and water are mainly distributed in Heilongjiang, Jilin and eastern Inner Mongolia in Northeast my country. Carbonate-type is usually called soda salt type, which is one of the three main types of saline-alkali soil and water. Its water quality has the characteristics of low salinity, weak acid-base buffering performance, high carbonate alkalinity and high pH. When the pH of the water body is higher than 8.5, it will cause discomfort to fish and slow down their growth. When the pH is higher than 9, the toxicity of ammonia nitrogen will be aggravated, causing harm to fish and shrimp, inhibiting the reproduction and growth of phytoplankton, and low primary productivity of fisheries.

[0003] Northeast China has four distinct seasons, with an average annual sunshine of about 2,900 hours, but the water temperature is low, above 20°C for about 100 days. Ponds are common in Northeast China and are the main space for aquaculture, most of which are ecologically bred. However, due to the high pH, ​​the growth of ecologically bred fish is affected, thus affecting the production efficiency of aquaculture.

[0004] In addition, the abundant sunshine in the Northeast makes the surface water temperature higher than the bottom water temperature and the light is good, which is suitable for the rapid expansion of photosynthetic bacteria. However, the ecological range of oxygen-free photosynthetic bacteria is limited. They live in anaerobic shallow water containing organic matter or inorganic reducing compounds, or in deeper waters that can be reached by long-wave light. The density of photosynthetic bacteria liquid is 1.14, slightly larger than water. Generally, one generation is reproduced in 20-30 minutes, increasing at a geometric rate, achieving the effect of improving water quality and increasing primary productivity of fisheries.

[0005] Since the density of photosynthetic bacteria liquid is greater than that of water, when applying bacteria to large water surfaces to improve the oxygen content of water bodies, if the traditional method is used to dilute and sprinkle on the large water surface, the bacteria will easily sink to the bottom of the water quickly due to inertia. Due to the lack of light source, photosynthesis is weakened or cannot be carried out, which greatly reduces the application effect and easily leads to uneven distribution of bacteria and high labor consumption. Therefore, the application of photosynthetic bacteria on large water surfaces requires a fast and effective application method. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention aims at the bottleneck problem of high pH value of carbonate saline-alkali water, adopts the scientific application of photosynthetic bacteria and lactic acid bacteria, reduces the pH value of pond water body, and improves the primary productivity of saline-alkali water body. Lactic acid bacteria can degrade carbohydrates, decompose organic matter such as leftovers and feces, produce acidic metabolites, and while purifying water quality, also regulate the pH value in the water body, creating a good water environment suitable for the growth of farmed fish. However, if the pH value in the water body is high, it will affect the reproduction of lactic acid bacteria, resulting in poor use effect. Photosynthetic bacteria use bicarbonate ions in water as a source of carbon dioxide to proliferate, creating good environmental conditions for the growth and reproduction of beneficial microorganisms such as lactic acid bacteria.

[0007] The innovative points of the present invention include the following two aspects: (1) In combination with the climatic conditions in the Northeast region, the suitable ratio of photosynthetic bacteria and lactic acid bacteria, the optimal application time, the application frequency, and the application amount based on temperature are explored; (2) Based on the fact that the density of photosynthetic bacteria is greater than that of water bodies, and they are prone to sinking to the bottom and uneven distribution, the application method of photosynthetic bacteria liquid is explored.

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0009] 1. Ratio and application amount of photosynthetic bacteria and lactic acid bacteria

[0010] The number of live bacteria in the bacterial liquid of photosynthetic bacteria and lactic acid bacteria must reach more than 3 billion per milliliter.

[0011] In spring and autumn when the water temperature is between 20-25℃, the ratio of photosynthetic bacteria to lactic acid bacteria is 1:1, 5 ml of photosynthetic bacteria and 5 ml of lactic acid bacteria are applied per cubic meter of water;

[0012] In the hot summer when the water temperature is 25-32℃, the ratio of photosynthetic bacteria to lactic acid bacteria is 2:1, and 10 ml of photosynthetic bacteria and 5 ml of lactic acid bacteria are applied per cubic meter of water.

[0013] 2. Application time of photosynthetic bacteria and lactic acid bacteria

[0014] Start using when the water temperature reaches 20℃, and stop using when the water temperature drops below 20℃. Photosynthetic bacteria should be applied on sunny days, and the best time to apply is in the morning; lactic acid bacteria are best applied in the evening, with at least one day between the application and photosynthetic bacteria.

[0015] 3. Application frequency of photosynthetic bacteria and lactic acid bacteria (including different temperature ranges)

[0016] In spring and autumn when the water temperature is 20-25℃, apply once every 10-15 days;

[0017] In the hot summer when the water temperature is 25-32℃, the application interval is 7-10 days.

[0018] 4. Application method of photosynthetic bacteria

[0019] The photosynthetic bacterial liquid is placed in a container and mechanically pressurized to about 3-5 atmospheres and then sprayed onto the water surface. During the spraying process, the liquid forms fine water particles, forming small water droplets with a diameter of less than 0.4mm, which fall onto the surface of the water. Due to the surface tension of the water, the falling speed of the liquid is greatly reduced, which increases the speed of photosynthesis and proliferation of the liquid and makes the liquid evenly distributed.

[0020] The specific implementation is as follows: (1)

[0021] (1) Equipment

[0022] It consists of a storage tank, a mechanical pressurizing equipment and a diesel engine. The storage tank and the mechanical pressurizing equipment are connected by pipelines, and the diesel engine provides power for the pressurizing equipment.

[0023] (2) Amount of bacterial solution added

[0024] The amount of bacterial liquid added to the storage tank should not be less than 1 / 2, but not more than 2 / 3, so that bacterial droplets with a diameter less than 0.4 mm can be formed. Too much or too little bacterial liquid will affect the particle size of the bacterial droplets.

[0025] (3) Pressure setting

[0026] Pressurize to about 3-5 atmospheres.

[0027] (4) Application method

[0028] Open the nozzle and spray at a 45-degree angle toward the sky.

[0029] 4. Notes

[0030] (1) It cannot be mixed with antibiotics and disinfectants. Lactic acid bacteria and photosynthetic bacteria can only be used after they have been used and confirmed to be ineffective;

[0031] (2) When the water temperature is below 20℃ or the pH is above 10, the effect is not obvious after use and it is not recommended.

[0032] (3) This method needs to be applied continuously to achieve obvious results; the effect will be better if it is applied for several consecutive years. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present invention is now described in detail in conjunction with embodiments, but it should be understood that the specific description below is illustrative rather than restrictive, and should not be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0034] (1) Location:

[0035] The pond in Yanpu Fishery in Baicheng City, Jilin Province covers an area of ​​3,200 acres, with carbonate saline water and a water pH of 9.02.

[0036] (2) pH adjustment method:

[0037] Phase 1: From May 8th to June 25th, when the water temperature reaches above 20°C, 16,000 liters of photosynthetic bacteria solution are applied to the pond, and 16,000 liters of lactic acid bacteria are applied on the afternoon of the 9th. This process is repeated every 10 days until June 25th.

[0038] Changes in pH value: pH 9.0 on May 10, pH 9.0 on May 20, pH 8.81 on May 30, pH 8.75 on June 10, and pH 8.70 on June 20.

[0039] Phase 2: From June 26, the water temperature reached 25°C, and the amount of photosynthetic bacteria applied to the pond was increased to 32,000 liters. On June 28, 16,000 liters of lactic acid bacteria were applied every 7 days until August 21.

[0040] pH value changes: pH8.61 on June 30, pH8.60 on July 10, pH8.57 on July 20, pH8.55 on July 30, pH8.48 on August 5, pH8.45 on August 10,

[0041] Phase 3: On August 21, the water temperature dropped to 24 degrees. 16,000 liters of photosynthetic bacteria solution was applied to the pond. The next evening, 16,000 liters of lactic acid bacteria were applied. The application was repeated every 10 days. The pond was discontinued after September 5.

[0042] Changes in pH value: pH8.46 on August 30, pH8.45 on September 5.

[0043] Compared with the year without application, after one breeding cycle of application, the filter-feeding fish bighead carp and silver carp had shiny body surface, increased mucus, no bacterial diseases occurred, and growth and weight gain accelerated by 50%.

[0044] (3) Comparison of the effects of spraying photosynthetic bacteria solution

[0045] The traditional spraying method requires six people, six hours each time, to complete the task, and the pH of the pond water must be above 9.0.

[0046] The technology of the present invention requires 3 workers and 3 hours each time to complete. During the breeding cycle, the photosynthetic bacteria liquid was sprayed 16 times in total, the primary productivity of the pond water body increased by more than 30%, the growth of farmed fish accelerated, especially filter-feeding fish, silver carp and bighead carp with an average tail weight of 126 grams per tail were stocked that year, 40 tails were stocked per mu, 20 tails were sampled in autumn, and the average tail weight was 325 grams. The pH value before use was 9.02, and the pH began to decrease after 3 applications. After 10 applications, it dropped to about 8.50 and remained stable.

[0047] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the present invention in any form. Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment, it is not used to limit the present invention. Any technician familiar with this patent can make some changes or modify the technical contents suggested above into equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention still fall within the scope of the solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for reducing the pH value of carbonate saline-alkali pond water in Northeast China, characterized in that: Photosynthetic bacteria and lactic acid bacteria whose viable counts reach the preset value are used as regulating bacteria, and application begins when the water temperature reaches 20°C; the ratio of photosynthetic bacteria and lactic acid bacteria, the application amount and the application frequency are adjusted according to the season and water temperature changes. Among them, the number of live bacteria of photosynthetic bacteria and lactic acid bacteria must reach more than 3 billion per milliliter. In spring and autumn when the water temperature is 20-25℃, the ratio of photosynthetic bacteria to lactic acid bacteria is 1:1; in hot summer when the water temperature is 25-32℃, the ratio of photosynthetic bacteria to lactic acid bacteria is 2:

1. The application method of the photosynthetic bacteria is as follows: the photosynthetic bacteria liquid is mechanically pressurized to 3-5 atmospheres and then sprayed onto the water surface. During the spraying process, the liquid forms fine water particles, forming small water droplets with a diameter of less than 0.4 mm, which fall onto the surface of the water body.

2. The method for reducing the pH value of carbonate saline-alkali pond water in Northeast China according to claim 1, characterized in that: in, The pH value of the pond water body is not higher than 10.

3. The method for reducing the pH value of carbonate saline-alkali pond water in Northeast China according to claim 1, characterized in that: in, In spring and autumn when the water temperature is between 20-25℃, apply 5 ml of photosynthetic bacteria and 5 ml of lactic acid bacteria per cubic meter of water; In the hot summer when the water temperature is 25-32℃, apply 10 ml of photosynthetic bacteria and 5 ml of lactic acid bacteria per cubic meter of water.

4. The method for reducing the pH value of carbonate saline-alkali pond water in Northeast China according to claim 3, characterized in that: in, Photosynthetic bacteria should be applied on sunny days, with the best application time being in the morning. The best time to apply lactic acid bacteria is in the evening, with at least one day interval between the application of photosynthetic bacteria and that of photosynthetic bacteria.

5. The method for reducing the pH value of carbonate saline-alkali pond water in Northeast China according to claim 4, characterized in that: in, In spring and autumn when the water temperature is 20-25℃, the application interval is 10-15 days; in hot summer when the water temperature is 25-32℃, the application interval is 7-10 days.

6. The method for reducing the pH value of carbonate saline-alkali pond water in Northeast China according to claim 1, characterized in that: in, The device for spraying photosynthetic bacteria consists of a storage tank, a mechanical pressurizing device, and a power source. The amount of bacterial liquid added to the storage tank is between 1 / 2 and 2 / 3 of the volume of the storage tank.

7. The method for reducing the pH value of carbonate saline-alkali pond water in Northeast China according to claim 1, characterized in that: in, When spraying, the nozzle should be sprayed at a 45-degree angle toward the sky.