A fuel cell air path subsystem test system

Abstract

The present application relates to fuel cell detection system technical field, disclose a kind of fuel cell air path subsystem test system, it includes gas supply module, air compressor, air-air heat exchanger, intercooler, back pressure valve, three-way regulating valve, water-gas separator, turboexpander, exhaust port and multiple detection pipelines;The gas supply module, the air compressor, the air-air heat exchanger, the intercooler, the back pressure valve are sequentially connected in series by the detection pipeline, the three-way regulating valve is connected with the exhaust port, back pressure valve and water-gas separator respectively by pipeline, the water-gas separator is connected with the air-air heat exchanger by detection pipeline, the air-air heat exchanger, the turboexpander, the exhaust port are sequentially connected in series by the detection pipeline;Each detection pipeline is equipped with at least one pressure sensor and at least one temperature sensor, and the performance of air compressor, air-air heat exchanger and water-gas separator can be tested.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of fuel cell detection system, in particular to a kind of fuel cell air path subsystem test system. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, the cathode subsystem of proton exchange membrane fuel cell system, i.e. air path subsystem, usually uses the components of the air path to deliver compressed air with appropriate temperature and pressure to the inlet of the fuel cell stack, so as to realize the stable operation of the fuel cell stack. The existing air compressor bench tests the performance of a single air compressor, without considering the influence of other components of the air path on the fuel cell stack, without considering the influence of the associated components, and there is no test system for air compressors with energy recovery. SUMMARY

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is that the existing fuel cell air path subsystem test system can only test the performance of a single component.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a fuel cell air path subsystem test system, which comprises a gas supply module, an air compressor, an air heat exchanger, an intercooler, a back pressure valve, a three-way regulating valve, a water-gas separator, a turbo expander, an exhaust port and a plurality of detection pipelines; the gas supply module, the air compressor, the air heat exchanger, the intercooler and the back pressure valve are connected in series through the detection pipelines, the three-way regulating valve is connected to the exhaust port, the back pressure valve and the water-gas separator through pipelines, the water-gas separator is connected to the air heat exchanger through a detection pipeline, and the air heat exchanger, the turbo expander and the exhaust port are connected in series through the detection pipelines; wherein each detection pipeline is provided with at least one pressure sensor and at least one temperature sensor.

[0005] Further, the fuel cell air path subsystem test system further comprises a first liquid cooling module, which is connected in series with the air compressor, and is used for cooling the air compressor.

[0006] Further, the first liquid cooling module comprises a first water supplement tank, a first circulating water pump, a first radiator and an air compressor driver, the air compressor, the first circulating water pump, the first radiator and the air compressor driver are connected in series, and the first circulating water pump inputs cooling liquid to the air compressor driver and the air compressor to form a first circulating water circuit, and the first water supplement tank is connected to the first circulating water pump and the first radiator through pipelines.

[0007] Further, the fuel cell air path subsystem test system further comprises a second liquid cooling module, the second liquid cooling module is connected with the intercooler in series, and the second liquid cooling module is used for temperature regulating the intercooler.

[0008] Further, the second liquid cooling module comprises a second water supplement tank, a second circulating water pump, a three-way valve and a second radiator, the intercooler, the second circulating water pump, the three-way valve and the second radiator are connected in series, and the three-way valve and the second radiator input cooling liquid to the intercooler to form a second circulating water path, the second water supplement tank is connected with the second circulating water pump and the second radiator through pipelines respectively, and the three-way valve is connected with the intercooler through a pipeline.

[0009] Further, the fuel cell air path subsystem test system further comprises a humidification mechanism, the humidification mechanism comprises a third water tank, a high-pressure pump and a nozzle, the high-pressure pump is connected with the third water tank and the nozzle through pipelines respectively, and the nozzle is used for spraying liquid to the detection pipeline of the water-gas separator.

[0010] Further, the hot side of the air heat exchanger is connected with the air compressor and the intercooler through pipelines, and the cold side of the air heat exchanger is connected with the water-gas separator and the turbo expander through pipelines. The air compressor and the turbo expander are integrated structures and are coaxially connected through mechanical structures. The air compressor transports high-temperature gas to the intercooler through the hot side of the air heat exchanger, and the gas is transported to the turbo expander through the cold side of the air heat exchanger after passing through the water-gas separator.

[0011] Further, the fuel cell air path subsystem test system further comprises a water storage tank, and the water storage tank is connected with the bottom end of the water-gas separator through a pipeline.

[0012] Further, the exhaust port is provided with a tail exhaust silencer, and the tail exhaust silencer is used for reducing noise generated during operation of the fuel cell air path subsystem.

[0013] Further, the air supply module is provided with a filter.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the fuel cell air path subsystem test system has the beneficial effects that the performance of parts such as the air compressor, the air heat exchanger, the intercooler, the back pressure valve and the water-gas separator can be tested, and the relative humidity of the air path of the electric pile and the water generation amount of the electric pile reaction can be simulated. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of the application.

[0016] In the figure, there are air supply module 1; filter 11; air compressor 2; air heat exchanger 3; intercooler 4; first liquid cooling module 5; first make-up water tank 51; first circulating water pump 52; first radiator 53; air compressor driver 54; first flow meter 55; second liquid cooling module 6; second make-up water tank 61; second circulating water pump 62; three-way valve 63; second radiator 64; second flow meter 65; pressure sensor 7; temperature sensor 8; air flow meter 9; back pressure valve 10; three-way regulating valve 11; cooling mechanism 12; third water tank 121; high-pressure pump 122; nozzle 123; water-gas separator 13; turbo expander 14; tail exhaust muffler 15; and water storage tank 16. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The following embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0018] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "up", "down", "left", "right", "front", "back", "top", "bottom", etc. used in the present invention to indicate the orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0019] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention designs a fuel cell air path system test system based on the operating conditions of the fuel cell and the fuel cell's requirements for inlet air, combined with the new development direction of the fuel cell, to meet the fuel cell manufacturers' requirements for performance verification of air path system components.

[0020] A fuel cell air circuit subsystem test system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes an air supply module 1, an air compressor 2, an air heat exchanger 3, an intercooler 4, a back pressure valve 10, a three-way regulating valve 11, a water-gas separator 13, a turbo expander 14, an exhaust port and multiple detection pipelines.

[0021] The air supply module 1, the air compressor 2, the air heat exchanger 3, the intercooler 4, and the back-pressure valve 10 are sequentially connected in series via the detection pipeline. The three-way regulating valve 11 is connected to the exhaust port, the back-pressure valve 10, and the moisture separator 13 via pipelines. The moisture separator 13 is connected to the air heat exchanger 3 via the detection pipeline. The air heat exchanger 3, the turboexpander 14, and the exhaust port are sequentially connected in series via the detection pipeline. Each detection pipeline is equipped with at least one pressure sensor 7 and at least one temperature sensor 8.

[0022] The air supply module 1 can deliver air to the air compressor 2, and the air is compressed in the air compressor 2 and then delivered to the air heat exchanger 3. The air heat exchanger 3 can cool the high-pressure air delivered by the air compressor 2 and transfer the heat of the high-pressure air to the wet air discharged from the fuel cell, so as to heat the wet air and avoid the abrasion of the turbo expander 14. The turbo expander 14 and the air compressor 2 can be designed in an integrated coaxial structure, or can be separately connected to an energy storage structure for energy recovery. The pipeline between the turbo expander 14 and the exhaust port is provided with an air flow meter 9 for detecting the gas flow. The pipeline between the three-way regulating valve 11 and the exhaust port is also provided with an air flow meter 9 for detecting the gas flow. The high-pressure air is delivered from the air heat exchanger 3 to the intercooler 4, and the intercooler 4 adjusts the temperature of the high-pressure air to simulate the outlet air temperature of the fuel cell to meet the required temperature requirement. The intercooler 4 delivers the high-pressure air after temperature adjustment to the back pressure valve 10, and the back pressure valve 10 can simulate the flow resistance of the fuel cell stack and adjust the outlet pressure of the high-pressure air. The high-pressure air is delivered from the back pressure valve 10 to the three-way regulating valve 11, and the three-way regulating valve 11 delivers part of the high-pressure air to the fuel cell and part of the high-pressure air to the exhaust port, and the air delivered to the exhaust port simulates the air consumption of the fuel cell stack. Finally, the high-pressure air is sprayed through the nozzle 123 to simulate the humidification of the air after the air is discharged from the stack, and then enters the water-gas separator 13. The water-gas separator 13 separates the water vapor generated after the stack reaction, and delivers the air after separating the large liquid water particles to the air heat exchanger 3.

[0023] The fuel cell air path subsystem test system further comprises a first liquid cooling module 5 connected in series with the air compressor 2, which is used to cool the air compressor 2 and prevent the air compressor 2 from overheating. The first liquid cooling module 5 comprises a first water supplement tank 51, a first circulating water pump 52, a first radiator 53, an air compressor driver 54 and a first flow meter 55. The air compressor 2, the first circulating water pump 52, the first flow meter 55, the first radiator 53 and the air compressor driver 54 are connected in series, and the first circulating water pump 52 inputs cooling liquid to the air compressor driver 54 and the air compressor 2 to form a first circulating water path. The first water supplement tank 51 is connected to the first circulating water pump 52 and the first radiator 53 through pipelines. After the cooling liquid absorbs the heat of the air compressor 2, under the action of the first circulating water pump 52, the cooling liquid flows to the first circulating water pump 52, the first flow meter 55 and the first radiator 53 in turn, and finally flows back to the air compressor 2 from the first radiator 53. The first radiator 53 can cool the cooling liquid in the first circulating water path. The first flow meter 55 is used to measure the flow of the cooling liquid in the first circulating water path. The first water supplement tank 51 can supplement the cooling liquid in the first circulating water path to ensure the normal operation of the first circulating water path. The first circulating water path is used to cool the air compressor 2 and prevent the air compressor 2 from overheating and being damaged after long-term use. The pipeline connecting the air compressor 2 and the first circulating water pump 52 is provided with a temperature sensor 8, and the pipeline connecting the first radiator 53 and the air compressor driver 54 is also provided with a temperature sensor 8.

[0024] The fuel cell air path subsystem test system further comprises a second liquid cooling module 6, the second liquid cooling module 6 is connected in series with the intercooler 4, and the second liquid cooling module 6 is used for temperature control of the intercooler 4, so as to simulate the air outlet stack temperature. The second liquid cooling module 6 comprises a second water supplement tank 61, a second circulating water pump 62, a three-way valve 63, a second radiator 64 and a second flow meter 65, the intercooler 4, the second circulating water pump 62, the second flow meter 65, the three-way valve 63, the second radiator 64 and the second control valve are connected in series, and the three-way valve 63 and the second radiator 64 input cooling liquid to the intercooler 4, so as to form a second circulating water path, the second water supplement tank 61 is connected with the second circulating water pump 62 and the second radiator 64 through pipelines respectively, and the three-way valve 63 is connected with the intercooler 4 through a pipeline. After the cooling liquid absorbs the heat of the air compressor 2 in the intercooler 4, under the action of the second circulating water pump 62, the cooling liquid flows to the second circulating water pump 62, the second flow meter 65, the three-way valve 63 and the second radiator 64 in turn, and finally flows back to the air compressor 2 from the second radiator 64, the second radiator 64 can cool the cooling liquid in the second circulating water path, the second flow meter 65 is used for measuring the flow of the cooling liquid in the second circulating water path, and the second water supplement tank 61 can supplement the cooling liquid in the second circulating water path, so as to ensure the normal operation of the second circulating water path. By adopting the three-way valve 63, the intercooler 4 can be precisely temperature-controlled, the three-way valve 63 can adjust the flow of the cooling liquid to the second radiator 64, and the intercooler 4 can be temperature-controlled.

[0025] The fuel cell air path subsystem test system further comprises a humidification mechanism 12, the humidification mechanism 12 comprises a third water tank 121, a high-pressure pump 122 and a spray head 123, the high-pressure pump 122 is connected with the third water tank 121 and the spray head 123 through pipelines respectively, and a trace flow meter is arranged on the pipeline connecting the high-pressure pump 122 and the spray head 123, the spray head 123 is used for spraying the cooling liquid to the detection pipeline of the water-gas separator 13, the cooling liquid in the third water tank 121 is input to the spray head 123 under the action of the high-pressure pump 122, the spray head 123 sprays the liquid to the pipeline connecting the high-pressure pump 122 and the spray head 123, so as to simulate the gas humidification condition of the air after passing through the fuel cell stack. In addition, the pipeline between the high-pressure pump 122 and the spray head 123 is a transparent pipeline, so that the state of the water vapor input to the spray head 123 can be observed. The air heat exchanger 3 is connected with the spray head 123 through a pipeline, the air heat exchanger 3 divides the high-pressure air and provides power for the liquid of the spray head, so that the liquid can be sprayed in the form of mist.

[0026] The hot side of the air heat exchanger 3 is connected with the air compressor 2 and the intercooler 4 through pipes, the cold side of the air heat exchanger 3 is connected with the water gas separator 13 and the turbo expander 14 through pipes, the air compressor 2 delivers high-temperature gas to the intercooler 4 through the hot side of the air heat exchanger 3, and the gas is delivered to the turbo expander 14 through the cold side of the air heat exchanger 3 after passing through the water gas separator 13.

[0027] The fuel cell air path subsystem test system further comprises a water storage tank 16 connected with the bottom end of the water gas separator 13 through pipes, the liquid separated by the water gas separator 13 can be delivered to the water storage tank 16 for storage, and the stored liquid can be used elsewhere, thereby saving resources. The exhaust port is provided with a tail exhaust silencer for reducing the noise generated by the operation of the battery and preventing noise pollution. The air supply module 1 is provided with a filter 11 for filtering impurities in the air.

[0028] When the performance of the air compressor 2 needs to be tested, the back pressure valve 10 is fully opened, the air compressor 2 is operated, the performance of the air compressor 2 is tested by adjusting the rotating speed of the air compressor 2 and the opening degree of the back pressure valve 10, the rotating speed of the air compressor 2 and the opening degree of the back pressure valve 10 in each working condition are recorded, the count of the air flow meter 9 between the air compressor 2 and the air supply module 1 is recorded, the inlet pressure and outlet pressure of the air compressor 2 are recorded according to the pressure sensors 7 of the two detection pipes connected with the air compressor 2, the inlet temperature and outlet temperature of the air compressor 2 are recorded according to the temperature sensors 8 of the two detection pipes connected with the air compressor 2, the values detected by the two temperature sensors 8 in the first circulating water path are recorded, and the pressure ratio and isentropic efficiency are calculated, and the power consumption of the air compressor 2 is recorded. During the test, attention should be paid to adjusting the opening degree of the back pressure valve 10, and the air compressor 2 should not appear surge and pump.

[0029] When the performance of the turbo-expander 14 needs to be tested, the back pressure valve 10 is fully opened, the air compressor 2 is operated, different working conditions are simulated by adjusting the rotating speed of the air compressor 2 and the opening of the adjustable section of the turbo-expander 14. At this time, if the air compressor 2 and the turbo-expander 14 adopt an integrated design and a coaxial structure, the rotating speed of the air compressor 2, the count of the air flow meter 9 between the air compressor 2 and the air supply module 1, the inlet pressure and the outlet pressure of the air compressor 2 recorded by the pressure sensors 7 of the two detection pipelines connected with the air compressor 2, the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature of the air compressor 2 recorded by the temperature sensors 8 of the two detection pipelines connected with the air compressor 2, the inlet pressure and the outlet pressure of the turbo-expander 14 recorded by the pressure sensors 7 of the two detection pipelines connected with the turbo-expander 14, and the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature of the turbo-expander 14 recorded by the temperature sensors 8 of the two detection pipelines connected with the turbo-expander 14 are recorded. The pressure ratio, the isentropic efficiency of the air compressor 2 and the recovered power of the turbo-expander are calculated. The power consumption of the air compressor 2 is recorded. During the test, attention should be paid to the adjustment of the opening of the back pressure valve 10 to ensure that the air compressor 2 does not appear to be in a surge and pump stall condition. If the turbo-expander 14 adopts a separate design mode, an external energy storage device and a power analyzer are connected, and the recovered power of the turbo-expander 14 is recorded.

[0030] When the performance of the air heat exchanger 3 needs to be tested, the air compressor 2 is opened, the rotating speed of the air compressor 2 is fixed, the first circulating water circuit is operated, the inlet temperature of the air heat exchanger 3 is stabilized, the rotating speed of the air compressor 2 and the opening of the back pressure valve 10 are adjusted, the count of the air flow meter 9 between the air compressor 2 and the air supply module 1 is recorded, the count of the air flow meter 9 between the turbo-expander 14 and the air outlet is recorded, and the values of the temperature sensors 8 and the pressure sensors 7 on each detection pipeline are recorded, so as to calculate the heat exchange performance of the air heat exchanger 3. The medium flow and temperature are adjusted to the specified working condition, the deviation of each working point in the test process from the specified value is tested, the temperature deviation should be less than 0.5℃, and the flow deviation should be less than 1%.

[0031] When the flow, temperature and pressure drop of the cold and hot medium of the intercooler 4 need to be tested, the air compressor 2 is opened, the rotating speed of the air compressor 2 is fixed, the first circulating water circuit and the second circulating water circuit are operated, the water flow through the second radiator 64 is adjusted through the three-way valve 63, the water temperature requirement of the second radiator 64 when the minimum heat dissipation cannot meet the operating condition of the electric pile is prevented, and the inlet temperature of the intercooler 4 is stabilized. The rotating speed of the air compressor 2, the opening of the back pressure valve 10 and the opening of the three-way valve 63 are adjusted, the count of the air flow meter 9 between the air compressor 2 and the air supply module 1 is recorded, the values of the temperature sensors 8 and the pressure sensors 7 on each detection pipeline are recorded, and the heat exchange performance of the intercooler 4 is calculated. The medium flow and temperature are adjusted to the specified working condition, the deviation of each working point in the test process from the specified value is tested, the temperature deviation should be less than 0.5℃, and the flow deviation should be less than 1%.

[0032] When the relationship between the flow and the opening of the back pressure valve 10 and the relationship between the pressure and the opening need to be tested, the air compressor 2 is opened, the rotating speed of the air compressor 2 is fixed, the rotating speed is set as the lowest rotating speed of the air compressor 2, the first circulating water circuit is operated, the rotating speed of the air compressor 2 is adjusted, the opening of the back pressure valve 10 is adjusted, the count of the air flow meter 9 between the air compressor 2 and the air supply module 1, the value of the pressure sensor 7 between the intercooler 4 and the back pressure valve 10 and the value of the pressure sensor 7 between the second radiator 64 and the intercooler 4 are recorded under the same rotating speed and different openings of the back pressure valve 10, so as to calculate the relationship between the flow and the opening of the back pressure valve 10 and the relationship between the pressure and the opening, thereby calculating the flow capacity of the back pressure valve.

[0033] When the pressure loss and the separation efficiency of the water-air separator 13 need to be tested, the air compressor 2 is opened, the rotating speed of the air compressor 2 is fixed, the rotating speed is set as the lowest rotating speed of the air compressor 2, the first circulating water circuit and the second circulating water circuit are operated, the temperature of the air is fixed, the micro flow meter is adjusted through the high-pressure pump 122, the value of the micro flow meter is determined according to the water flow generated by the electric pile under each working condition, the air flow is adjusted through the three-way adjusting valve 11, the flow value between the three-way adjusting valve 11 and the exhaust port is the air flow consumed by the electric pile, the remaining flow is the air tail flow, the air inlet amount of the water-air separator 13 is determined by measuring the flow value between the air compressor 2 and the air supply module 1 and the flow value between the three-way adjusting valve 11 and the exhaust port, the pressure loss of the water-air separator 13 is determined by the pressure values of the inlet end and the outlet end of the three-way adjusting valve 11, the water amount separated by the water-air separator 13 is determined by measuring the water amount of the water storage tank 16, and the separation efficiency of the water-air separator 13 is calculated. The rotating speed of the air compressor 2 and the opening of the back pressure valve 10 are adjusted, and the separation efficiency of the water-air separator 13 under different working conditions is measured.

[0034] In summary, the embodiment of the present application provides a fuel cell air path subsystem test system, which can test the performance of the air compressor 2, the air heat exchanger 3, the intercooler 4, the back pressure valve 10, the water-air separator 13 and the like, can separately adjust the cooling water temperature of the second circulating water circuit and the cooling temperature of the first circulating water circuit, and can simulate the relative humidity of the electric pile air path and the water generation amount of the electric pile reaction.

[0035] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and replacements without departing from the technical principles of the present application, and these improvements and replacements should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A fuel cell air path subsystem test system, characterized by, Comprise: Air supply module, air compressor, air heat exchanger, intercooler, back pressure valve, three-way regulating valve, water-air separator, turbo expander, exhaust port and multiple detection pipelines; The air supply module, the air compressor, the air heat exchanger, the intercooler and the back pressure valve are sequentially connected in series through the detection pipelines, the three-way regulating valve is connected with the exhaust port, the back pressure valve and the water-air separator through pipelines, the water-air separator is connected with the air heat exchanger through a detection pipeline, and the air heat exchanger, the turbo expander and the exhaust port are sequentially connected in series through the detection pipelines; wherein, at least one pressure sensor and at least one temperature sensor are arranged in each detection pipeline; The fuel cell air path subsystem test system further comprises a first liquid cooling module, the first liquid cooling module is connected in series with the air compressor, and the first liquid cooling module is used for cooling the air compressor; The first liquid cooling module comprises a first water supplement tank, a first circulating water pump, a first radiator and an air compressor driver, the air compressor, the first circulating water pump, the first radiator and the air compressor driver are sequentially connected in series, the first circulating water pump inputs cooling liquid to the air compressor driver and the air compressor to form a first circulating water path, and the first water supplement tank is connected with the first circulating water pump and the first radiator through pipelines; The fuel cell air path subsystem test system further comprises a second liquid cooling module, the second liquid cooling module is connected in series with the intercooler, and the second liquid cooling module is used for temperature adjustment of the intercooler; The second liquid cooling module comprises a second water supplement tank, a second circulating water pump, a three-way valve and a second radiator, the intercooler, the second circulating water pump, the three-way valve and the second radiator are sequentially connected in series, the three-way valve and the second radiator input cooling liquid to the intercooler to form a second circulating water path, the second water supplement tank is connected with the second circulating water pump and the second radiator through pipelines, and the three-way valve is connected with the intercooler through a pipeline; The fuel cell air path subsystem test system further comprises a humidification mechanism, the humidification mechanism comprises a third water tank, a high-pressure pump and a nozzle, the high-pressure pump is connected with the third water tank and the nozzle through pipelines, and the nozzle is used for spraying liquid on the detection pipeline of the water-air separator.

2. The fuel cell air path subsystem test system of claim 1, wherein: The hot side of the air heat exchanger is connected with the air compressor and the intercooler through pipelines, the cold side of the air heat exchanger is connected with the water-air separator and the turbo expander through pipelines, the air compressor transports high-temperature gas to the intercooler through the hot side of the air heat exchanger, and the gas is transported to the turbo expander through the cold side of the air heat exchanger after passing through the water-air separator.

3. The fuel cell air path subsystem test system of claim 1, wherein: Further comprising a water storage tank connected with the bottom end of the water-air separator through a pipeline.

4. The fuel cell air circuit subsystem test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust port is provided with a tail exhaust silencer for reducing noise generated during operation of the fuel cell air path subsystem.

5. The fuel cell air path subsystem test system of claim 1, wherein: The air supply module is provided with a filter.

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