Tip setters and tip adapters for attaching injection tools to plant parts

Abstract

Provided herein are tip setters and tip adapters for mounting an injection tool to a plant part, and methods of using such tip setters and tip adapters.

Description

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 033,745, filed on June 2, 2020, and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 143,640, filed on January 29, 2021, the entire contents of each of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The present disclosure relates generally to tools and methods for applying formulations to plants, and more particularly to tip setters and tip adapters for mounting an injection tool or injection tip to a plant part, and methods of using such tip setters and tip adapters. Background Art

[0004] Plant injection has been used to apply active ingredients to plants. Conventional plant injection methods may involve drilling a borehole in a tree trunk and plugging the borehole with a wooden dowel. A needle is inserted through the dowel to expel liquid into the borehole.

[0005] What is desired in the art is an injection tool or injection tip that can be directly inserted into a plant part to supply an active ingredient to the plant. What is also desired in the art is a tip setter and a tip adapter for mounting the injection tool to achieve safe, efficient and controlled installation of the injection tool to the plant part. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In some aspects, tip setters and tip adapters for mounting an injection tool or injection tip to a plant part, and methods of using such tip setters and tip adapters are described herein. These tip setters and tip adapters enable safe, efficient, and controlled mounting of an injection tool to a plant part.

[0007] In one aspect, this document describes a tip setter for attaching an injection tool to a plant part. In some embodiments, the tip setter is a rod-type tip setter. In some variations, the tip setter is a plunger-type tip setter. In some variations, the tip setter is a lever-type tip setter. In some variations, the tip setter is a pneumatic device.

[0008] On the other hand, the end setter for the injection tool to be installed to the plant part comprises a rod. In some variations, the end setter also comprises a grip. In some variations, the rod has a front end and a rear end. In some variations, the front end of the rod is configured to be directly or indirectly connected to, coupled to, admitted, or temporarily retained on the injection tool. In some variations, the rear end of the rod is configured to transmit force to the rod. In some variations, the rear end of the rod is connected to the grip.

[0009] On the other hand, this article describes a method for using a tip setter. In some embodiments, the method includes coupling an injection tool to the front end of a rod. In some variations, the method includes placing the injection tool near a plant part. In some variations, the method includes pushing the rod in a direction from the rear end of the rod to the front end of the rod to push the injection tool toward the plant part. In some variations, the method includes pushing the handle toward the plant part. In some variations, the method includes inserting at least a portion of the injection tool into the plant part. In some variations, the method includes releasing the injection tool from the tip setter.

[0010] In one aspect, a tip setter for mounting an injection tool to a plant part comprises an arm, a fixed claw, an intermediate handle, and a sliding unit. In some variations, the arm comprises: a front end and a rear end. In some variations, the fixed claw is connected to the front end of the arm. In some variations, the intermediate handle is connected to the rear end of the arm. In some variations, the sliding unit comprises: a front end and a rear end. In some variations, the sliding unit is configured to slide toward the front end of the arm. In some variations, the front end of the sliding unit is configured to directly or indirectly connect to, couple to, receive, or temporarily retain the injection tool. In some variations, the sliding unit and the fixed claw are configured to receive the plant part between the injection tool and the fixed claw.

[0011] On the other hand, this article describes a method for using a tip setter. In some embodiments, the method includes coupling an injection tool to a front end of a sliding unit. In some variations, the method includes placing a plant part between the injection tool and a fixed claw. In some variations, the method includes pushing the sliding unit in a direction from the rear end of the arm to the front end of the arm to push the injection tool toward the plant part. In some variations, the method includes inserting at least a portion of the injection tool into the plant part. In some variations, the method includes releasing the injection tool from the tip setter.

[0012] On the other hand, a terminal setter for mounting an injection tool to a plant part includes an arm, a handle, a locking unit, a sliding unit, and a fixed claw. In some variations, the arm has a first actuating end and a claw end. In some variations, the handle has a second actuating end, a pivot end, and a sliding end. In some variations, the locking unit is connected to the pivot end of the handle. In some variations, the sliding unit is connected to the sliding end of the handle and is configured to slide along the arm between the first actuating end and the claw end and directly or indirectly receive the injection tool. In some variations, the fixed claw is connected to the claw end of the arm. In some variations, the sliding unit and the fixed claw are configured to receive the plant part between the injection tool and the fixed claw.

[0013] On the other hand, this document describes a method for using a tip setter. In some embodiments, the method includes coupling an injection tool and a sliding unit. In some variations, the method includes placing a plant part between the injection tool and a fixed claw. In some variations, the method includes moving a first actuating end and a second actuating end toward each other to push the sliding unit and the injection tool toward the plant part. In some variations, the method includes inserting at least a portion of the injection tool into the plant part. In some variations, the method includes releasing the injection tool from the tip setter.

[0014] In one aspect, described herein is a tip adapter for mounting an injection tool to a plant part. In some embodiments, the tip adapter includes a clamp. In some variations, the tip adapter includes a connector. In some variations, the clamp has a first side, a second side, and a base that form a U-shape having an inner surface and an outer surface. In some variations, the first side has a first lip protruding from the inner surface of the first side. In some variations, the second side has a second lip protruding from the inner surface of the second side. In some variations, the first lip and the second lip are configured to clamp onto the injection tool. In some variations, the connector is connected to the outer surface on the base.

[0015] In another aspect, methods of using a tip adapter are described herein. In some embodiments, the method includes coupling an injection tool to the tip adapter. In some variations, the method includes inserting the injection tool between the first lip and the second lip. In some variations, the method includes connecting a connector to the injection tool. In some variations, the method includes bringing the injection tool into proximity with a plant part. In some variations, the method includes pushing the tip adapter toward the plant part to insert at least a portion of the injection tool into the plant part. In some variations, pushing the tip adapter is performed by pushing a connector of the tip adapter. In some variations, the method includes releasing the injection tool from the tip adapter. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The present application may be understood by reference to the following description given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0017] Figure 1 An exemplary rod tip setter is depicted.

[0018] Figure 2A and Figure 2B An exemplary plunger tip setter is depicted.

[0019] Figure 3A and Figure 3B An exemplary lever-type tip setter is depicted.

[0020] Figures 4A to 4DAn exemplary lever-type tip setter coupled to a base for receiving an injection tool is depicted.

[0021] 5A to 5D An exemplary tip adapter is depicted.

[0022] 6A to 6D An exemplary tip adapter coupled to an exemplary injection tool is depicted.

[0023] 7A to 7D An exemplary method of using an exemplary tip adapter is depicted. Figure 7A and Figure 7B An exemplary method for coupling an exemplary injection tool and a tip adapter is depicted. Figure 7C and Figure 7D An exemplary method for releasing an injection tool from a tip adapter is depicted.

[0024] Figures 8A to 8D Several exemplary methods and devices for advancing a tip adapter toward a plant part are depicted. Figure 8A and Figure 8B The use of an exemplary tip setter is shown, Figure 8C An exemplary pneumatic device is shown for use with an exemplary tip setter, and Figure 8D The use of a hammer with an exemplary tip setter is shown.

[0025] Figure 9A and Figure 9B An exemplary injection tool that may be used with a tip setter or tip adapter is depicted.

[0026] Figure 10A An exemplary tip adapter that may be used with an automatic hammer is depicted. Figure 10B Depicts Figure 10A An exemplary end adapter and an exemplary injection tool connected to the tubing. Figure 10C Depicts Figure 10A and Figure 10B An exemplary tip adapter that couples to Figure 10B An exemplary injection tool connected to a tube is shown in FIG.

[0027] Figure 11A An exemplary tip adapter coupled to an exemplary automatic hammer is depicted. Figure 11B and Figure 11C Depicts connection to Figure 11A The tube of the exemplary end adapter is connected to the exemplary automatic hammer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In the following description, exemplary methods, parameters, systems, devices, etc. are set forth. However, it should be understood that such description is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure, but is provided as a description of exemplary embodiments.

[0029] Unless expressly stated otherwise, wherever the phrases "such as," "for example," "including," etc. are used herein, they should be understood to be followed by the phrase "and not limited to." Similarly, "example," "exemplary," etc. should be understood to be non-limiting.

[0030] The terms "comprising," "including," "having," "involving" (and similarly "including," "containing," "having," "involving," and other forms of these terms) and the like are used interchangeably and have the same meaning. Specifically, each of these terms is defined consistent with the general definition of "comprising" in U.S. patent law and, thus, is to be interpreted as open-ended terms meaning "at least the following," and is also to be interpreted as not excluding additional features, limitations, aspects, etc. Thus, for example, "a process involving steps a, b, and c" means that the process includes at least steps a, b, and c.

[0031] Wherever the terms "a" or "an" are used, they should be understood to mean "one or more" unless such an interpretation makes no sense from the context.

[0032] In some embodiments, tip setters and tip adapters for attaching an injection tool or injection tip to a plant part, and methods of using such tip setters and tip adapters are described herein. These tip setters and tip adapters enable safe, efficient, and controlled attachment of an injection tool to a plant part.

[0033] End Setter

[0034] In one aspect, this document describes a tip setter for attaching an injection tool to a plant part. In some embodiments, the tip setter is a rod-type tip setter. In some variations, the tip setter is a plunger-type tip setter. In some variations, the tip setter is a lever-type tip setter. In some variations, the tip setter is a pneumatic device. In some variations, the tip setter is an electronic device.

[0035] Rod end setter

[0036] In certain embodiments, the end setter for the injection tool to be installed to the plant part comprises a rod. In some variations, the end setter also comprises a grip. In some variations, the rod has a front end and a rear end. In some variations, the front end of the rod is configured to be directly or indirectly connected to, coupled to, admitted, or temporarily retained on the injection tool. In some variations, the rear end of the rod is configured to transmit force to the rod. In some variations, the rear end of the rod is connected to the grip.

[0037] In some embodiments, the front end of the rod is configured to directly receive an injection tool. In some variations, the front end of the rod is configured to indirectly receive an injection tool. In some variations, the front end of the rod is configured to receive a base for accommodating an injection tool. In some variations, the front end of the rod is configured to receive a tip adapter coupled to the injection tool.

[0038] Figure 1 An example of a rod-type tip setter (tip setter 100) is depicted. The tip setter includes a rod 110 and a handle 120. The rod 110 has a handle end 112 and a receiving end 114.

[0039] On the other hand, this article describes a method for using a tip setter. In some embodiments, the method includes coupling an injection tool to the front end of a rod. In some variations, the method includes placing the injection tool near a plant part. In some variations, the method includes pushing the rod in a direction from the rear end of the rod to the front end of the rod to push the injection tool toward the plant part. In some variations, the method includes pushing the handle toward the plant part. In some variations, the method includes inserting at least a portion of the injection tool into the plant part. In some variations, the method includes releasing the injection tool from the tip setter.

[0040] In some embodiments, the tip setter can be used to install an injection tool for small diameter and soft tissue trees / plants. For example, in some embodiments, the plant has a trunk or stem diameter between 1 mm and 40 mm. In other embodiments, the tip setter can be used to install an injection tool in a plant part having a trunk diameter of: greater than 1 mm; greater than 2 mm; greater than 4 mm; greater than 6 mm; greater than or equal to 8 mm; greater than or equal to 10 mm; greater than or equal to 15 mm; greater than or equal to 20 mm; or greater than or equal to 40 mm.

[0041] In some embodiments, the components of the tip setter can be made of plastic (such as polyoxymethylene (POM)) or metal (such as stainless steel or aluminum). In some variations, the rod is made of metal (such as stainless steel). In some variations, the handle is made of plastic (such as POM).

[0042] Plunger type end setter

[0043] In some embodiments, a tip setter for mounting an injection tool to a plant part comprises an arm, a fixed claw, an intermediate handle, and a sliding unit. In some variations, the arm comprises: a front end and a rear end. In some variations, the fixed claw is connected to the front end of the arm. In some variations, the intermediate handle is connected to the rear end of the arm. In some variations, the sliding unit comprises: a front end and a rear end. In some variations, the sliding unit is configured to slide toward the front end of the arm. In some variations, the front end of the sliding unit is configured to directly or indirectly connect to, couple to, receive, or temporarily retain the injection tool. In some variations, the sliding unit and the fixed claw are configured to receive the plant part between the injection tool and the fixed claw.

[0044] In some embodiments, the front end of the sliding unit is configured to directly receive an injection tool. In some variations, the front end of the sliding unit is configured to indirectly receive an injection tool. In some variations, the front end of the sliding unit is configured to receive a base for accommodating an injection tool. In some variations, the front end of the sliding unit is configured to receive a tip adapter coupled to the injection tool.

[0045] In some embodiments, the end setter includes a rear grip. In some variations, the rear grip is connected to the rear end of the sliding unit. In some variations, the rear grip is configured to transmit force to the sliding unit.

[0046] In some embodiments, the tip setter includes a biasing element. In some variations, the biasing element is located between the middle grip and the rear grip. In some variations, the biasing element is configured to generate resistance when the sliding element is moved toward the front end of the arm. In some variations, the biasing element is a spring. In some variations, the biasing element is configured to allow better control of installing the injection tool into the plant part. In some variations, the biasing element allows the tip setter to be used to install the injection tool into a plant part with greater hardness. In some variations, by controlling or increasing the strength of the biasing element, the plunger-type tip setter can be used to install the injection tool into a plant part with greater hardness.

[0047] Figure 2A and Figure 2B An example of a plunger-type tip setter (tip setter 200) is depicted. Tip setter 200 includes an arm 210, an intermediate grip 220, a slide unit 230, a fixed claw 240, a rear grip 250, and a biasing element 260. Arm 210 has a front end 212 and a rear end 214. Slide unit 230 has a front end 232 and a rear end 234. Figure 2B Also depicted in FIG. 2 are an exemplary tip adapter (tip adapter 290 ), an exemplary injection tool (injection tool 292 ), and a plant part 294 .

[0048] On the other hand, this article describes a method for using a tip setter. In some embodiments, the method includes coupling an injection tool to a front end of a sliding unit. In some variations, the method includes placing a plant part between the injection tool and a fixed claw. In some variations, the method includes pushing the sliding unit in a direction from the rear end of the arm to the front end of the arm to push the injection tool toward the plant part. In some variations, the method includes inserting at least a portion of the injection tool into the plant part. In some variations, the method includes releasing the injection tool from the tip setter.

[0049] In some embodiments, the end setter can be used to install an injection tool to a plant part having a trunk diameter of the following values: between 1mm and 100mm; between 2mm and 100mm; between 4mm and 100mm; between 8mm and 100mm; between 8mm and 80mm; between 8mm and 60mm; between 8mm and 40mm; between 8mm and 20mm; between 10mm and 20mm; between 10mm and 40mm; between 10mm and 60mm; between 10mm and 80mm; or between 10mm and 100mm.

[0050] In some embodiments, the components of the end setter can be made of plastic (such as polyoxymethylene (POM)) or metal (such as stainless steel or aluminum). In some variations, the arm is made of metal (such as stainless steel or aluminum). In some variations, the fixed claw is made of plastic (such as POM) or metal (such as stainless steel or aluminum). In some variations, the middle handle is made of plastic (such as POM). In some variations, the sliding unit is made of metal (such as stainless steel or aluminum). In some variations, the rear handle is made of plastic (such as POM).

[0051] Lever type end setter

[0052] In some embodiments, a terminal setter for mounting an injection tool to a plant part comprises an arm, a handle, a locking unit, a sliding unit, and a fixed claw. In some variations, the arm has a first actuating end and a claw end. In some variations, the handle has a second actuating end, a pivot end, and a sliding end. In some variations, the locking unit is connected to the pivot end of the handle. In some variations, the sliding unit is connected to the sliding end of the handle and is configured to slide along the arm between the first actuating end and the claw end and directly or indirectly receive the injection tool. In some variations, the fixed claw is connected to the claw end of the arm. In some variations, the sliding unit and the fixed claw are configured to receive the plant part between the injection tool and the fixed claw.

[0053] In some embodiments, the locking unit can be in an adjustable mode or a fixed mode. In some variations, when the locking unit is in the adjustable mode, the locking unit can change position on the arm between the first actuation end and the jaw end. In some variations, when the locking unit is in the fixed mode, the locking unit is fixed at a position on the arm between the first actuation end and the jaw end.

[0054] In some embodiments, when the first actuating end and the second actuating end are moved toward each other and the locking unit is locked at a certain position on the arm, the sliding unit is configured to slide along the arm toward the claw end of the arm, thereby moving the injection tool toward the plant part with a force sufficient to penetrate the plant part.

[0055] In some embodiments, the sliding unit is configured to directly receive an injection tool. In some variations, the sliding unit is configured to indirectly receive an injection tool. In some variations, when the sliding unit is configured to indirectly receive an injection tool, the sliding unit is configured to receive a base for accommodating the injection tool. In some variations, when the sliding unit is configured to indirectly receive an injection tool, the sliding unit is configured to receive a tip adapter coupled to the injection tool.

[0056] Figure 3A and Figure 3B An example of a lever-type tip setter (tip setter 300) is depicted, which includes an arm 310, a handle 320, a locking unit 330, a sliding unit 340, and a fixed claw 350. The arm 310 has a first actuating end 312 and a claw end 314. The handle 320 has a second actuating end 322, a pivot end 324, and a sliding end 326. Figure 3B Also depicted is a tip adapter 390 coupled to an injection tool 392.

[0057] Figure 4A and Figure 4B An example of a lever-type tip setter (tip setter 400) is depicted, which includes an arm 410, a handle 420, a locking unit 430, a sliding unit 440, and a fixed claw 450. The arm 410 has a first actuating end 412 and a claw end 414. The handle 420 has a second actuating end 422, a pivot end 424, and a sliding end 426. These figures also depict a base 490 that accommodates an injection tool 492 (the injection tool is located in the Figure 4B is inserted into the plant part 494 and Figure 4B not shown).

[0058] On the other hand, this document describes a method for using a tip setter. In some embodiments, the method includes coupling an injection tool and a sliding unit. In some variations, the method includes placing a plant part between the injection tool and a fixed claw. In some variations, the method includes moving a first actuating end and a second actuating end toward each other to push the sliding unit and the injection tool toward the plant part. In some variations, the method includes inserting at least a portion of the injection tool into the plant part. In some variations, the method includes releasing the injection tool from the tip setter.

[0059] In some embodiments, the end setter can be used to install an injection tool to a plant part having a trunk diameter of the following values: greater than 1mm; greater than 5mm; greater than 10mm; greater than 15mm; greater than 20mm; greater than 40mm; greater than 60mm; greater than 80mm; greater than 100mm; greater than 120mm; greater than 150mm; between 1mm and 10mm; between 10mm and 100mm; between 15mm and 100mm; between 15mm and 120mm; between 15mm and 150mm; between 50mm and 200mm; or between 50mm and 300mm.

[0060] In some embodiments, certain tip setters (e.g., Figure 3A 、 Figure 3B and Figures 4A to 4D The exemplary end setter in FIG. 1 can be used to install the injection tool to the trunk of a young tree. In some embodiments, certain end setters as described herein (such as Figure 3A 、 Figure 3B and Figures 4A to 4D The exemplary tip setter in FIG. 1 can be used to install the injection tool to the citrus tree. In some embodiments, certain tip setters as described herein (such as Figure 3A 、 Figure 3B and Figures 4A to 4D The exemplary end setter in FIG) can be used to install an injection tool into a lemon tree, orange tree, lime tree, kumquat tree, grapefruit tree, tangerine tree, clementine tree or tangerine tree.

[0061] In some embodiments, the components of the end setter can be made of plastic (such as polyoxymethylene (POM)) or metal (such as stainless steel or aluminum). In some variations, the arm is made of plastic (such as POM) or metal (such as stainless steel or aluminum). In some variations, the handle is made of plastic (such as POM) or metal (such as stainless steel or aluminum). In some variations, the fixing hook is made of plastic (such as POM) or metal (such as stainless steel or aluminum). In some variations, the sliding unit is made of plastic (such as POM) or metal (such as stainless steel or aluminum). In some variations, the locking unit is made of plastic (such as POM) or metal (such as stainless steel or aluminum).

[0062] Automatic hammer end setter

[0063] In some embodiments, the tip setter includes: an automatic hammer; and a tip adapter, wherein the automatic hammer is configured to receive the tip adapter. In certain embodiments, the tip adapter includes: a clamp and a connector. In some variations, the clamp has a first side, a second side, and a base, which form a U-shape or a U-shaped cavity having an inner surface and an outer surface. In some variations, the first side has a first structural element on the inner surface of the first side; the second side has a second structural element on the inner surface of the second side; and the first structural element and the second structural element are configured to receive an injection tool having a complementary structure. In some variations, the first side has a first lip protruding on the inner surface of the first side; the second side has a second lip protruding on the inner surface of the second side; and the first lip and the second lip are configured to clamp onto the injection tool. In some variations, the connector is connected to the outer surface on the base, and the connector is configured to be inserted into or coupled to the automatic hammer. Any suitable injection tool (including the injection tool described herein) can be used with the tip adapter.

[0064] In some embodiments, the tip setter includes an injection tool that docks with the tip adapter. In some variations, the injection tool docks with the tip adapter releasably. In some variations, the injection tool includes a tool body and at least one port connectable to a tube, the tool body including a portion designed to snap into a plant part, wherein the portion designed to snap into the plant part is positioned outside the tip adapter, and the at least one port is positioned inside the tip adapter. In some variations, at least a portion of the tube is positioned within the tip adapter.

[0065] In some embodiments, the injection tool includes a tool body and a tool base connected to the tool body, the tool body having a portion designed to snap into a plant part. In some variations, the tool base includes at least one port configured to receive an active ingredient. In some variations, the tool body includes a channel system connected to the at least one port, and the channel system is configured to distribute the active ingredient through the tool body into the plant part. In some variations, the tool base includes at least one structural element configured to dock with a tip adapter. In some variations, one or both sides of the tool base include a groove that is designed to engage with a first lip and / or a second lip of the tip adapter to secure the injection tool within the tip adapter.

[0066] In some embodiments, the injection tool is coupled to a tip adapter. In some variations, the injection tool is releasable from the tip adapter. In some variations, the injection tool comprises a tool body and at least one port connectable to a tube, the tool body comprising a portion designed to snap into a plant part, wherein the portion designed to snap into the plant part is positioned outside the tip adapter or outside the U-shaped cavity of the tip adapter, and the at least one port is positioned inside the tip adapter or inside the U-shaped cavity of the tip adapter. In some variations, the injection tool is connected to the tube, wherein at least a portion of the tube is positioned inside the tip adapter or inside the U-shaped cavity of the tip adapter.

[0067] Figure 10A An exemplary tip adapter 1000 configured for use with an automatic hammer is depicted. As depicted, the tip adapter 1000 includes a clamp 1020 formed into a U-shape with an open side 1028. The clamp 1020 has a first side 1022, a second side 1024, and a base 1026. A connector 1010 is connected to the base 1026 and is configured to be inserted into or coupled with an automatic hammer as described herein. Figure 10B An exemplary injection tool 1030 having two ports connected to tubing 1032 and tip adapter 1000 are depicted. Figure 10C An injection tool 1030 is depicted connected to tubing 1032, which is positioned within the tip adapter 1000. The open side 1028 of the tip adapter 1000 allows for insertion of the injection tool with the tubing already connected. Such tubing can further be connected to a fluid delivery system containing, for example, an active ingredient.

[0068] Figure 11A The tip adapter 1000 is depicted connected to (or inserted into) an exemplary automatic hammer 1100 . Figure 11B and Figure 11CAn injection tool 1030 is depicted connected to tubing 1032 which is inserted into a tip adapter 1000 , and the tip adapter 1000 is connected to (or inserted into) an automatic hammer 1100 .

[0069] Various types of automatic hammers can be used. For example, in some variations, suitable automatic hammers include devices that have a hammering function (also known in the art as a chisel function). In some variations, the automatic hammer is a hammer drill or impact driver that has only a hammering function, such as where a hammer drill has a non-rotating setting for creating a striking force but no rotation.

[0070] In some variations, the automatic hammer is a rotary drill or wrench having an impact mechanism that produces an impact or hammering motion. In some variations, the automatic hammer is a hammer drill, a percussion drill, or a hammer drill. In some variations, the automatic hammer is a pneumatic drill. In some variations, the automatic hammer is an impact driver. In some variations, the automatic drill is an impact wrench, a percussion machine, an impact gun, a pneumatic wrench, an air gun, a vibration gun, a torque gun, or an air gun. In some of the aforementioned variations, the automatic hammer has a hammering function or only a hammering function.

[0071] In some embodiments, the hammer is powered by electricity. In some embodiments, the hammer is electrically powered. In some embodiments, the hammer is powered by compressed air. In some embodiments, the hammer is pneumatic. In some embodiments, the hammer is powered by electricity and compressed air. The hammer can be corded or cordless.

[0072] In some embodiments, the automatic hammer is configured to apply a striking force to a tip adapter connected to the injection tool without rotation to insert at least a portion of the injection tool into the plant part.

[0073] In another aspect, methods of using the automated hammer tip setter described herein are described. In some embodiments, the method includes coupling an injection tool to a tip adapter; positioning the injection tool adjacent to a plant part; operating the automated hammer to advance the injection tool toward the plant part; and inserting at least a portion of the injection tool into the plant part. In some variations, the method further includes releasing the injection tool from the tip setter.

[0074] In some embodiments, the automatic hammer end setter is used to install the injection tool on a tree trunk having a diameter greater than 1 inch, greater than 2 inches, greater than 3 inches, greater than 4 inches, greater than 5 inches, greater than 6 inches, greater than 7 inches, greater than 8 inches, greater than 9 inches, greater than 10 inches, greater than 15 inches, or greater than 20 inches. In some variations, the automatic hammer end setter is used to install the injection tool on the trunk of a mature tree. In other variations, the automatic hammer end setter is used to install the injection tool on the trunk of an olive tree.

[0075] Terminal adapter

[0076] In one aspect, described herein is a tip adapter for mounting an injection tool to a plant part. In some embodiments, the tip adapter includes a clamp and a connector. In some variations, the clamp has a first side, a second side, and a base that form a U-shape having an inner surface and an outer surface. In some variations, the first side has a first structural element in the inner surface of the first side; the second side has a second structural element in the inner surface of the second side; and the first structural element and the second structural element are configured to receive an injection tool having a complementary structure. In some variations, the first side has a first lip protruding on the inner surface of the first side; the second side has a second lip protruding on the inner surface of the second side; and the first lip and the second lip are configured to clamp onto the injection tool. In some variations, the first side has a first groove in the inner surface of the first side; the second side has a second groove in the inner surface of the second side; and the first groove and the second groove are configured to receive an injection tool having a complementary structure. In some variations, the first side has a first lip protruding from an inner surface of the first side; the second side has a second groove in the inner surface of the second side; and the first lip and the second groove are configured to receive an injection tool having a complementary structure. In some variations, the connector is connected to an outer surface on the base.

[0077] As described above, and as Figure 5B and Figure 5D As shown, the fixture is formed into a U-shape with an open side 580. This allows the injection tool to be inserted through the open side 580 into the fixture of the tip adapter when tubing is already connected to one or more ports of the injection tool.

[0078] In some embodiments, the terminal adapter includes a connector. In some variations, the connector has a front end and a rear end. In some variations, the front end of the connector is configured to directly receive an injection tool. In some variations, the front end of the connector is configured to indirectly receive an injection tool. In some variations, the front end of the connector is configured to receive a clamp coupled to the injection tool. In some variations, the rear end of the connector is configured to connect to the terminal adapter. In some variations, the rear end of the connector is configured to connect to the front end of a rod of a rod-type terminal setter. In some variations, the rear end of the connector is configured to connect to the front end of a sliding unit of a plunger-type terminal setter. In some variations, the rear end of the connector is configured to connect to the sliding unit of a lever-type terminal setter. In some embodiments, the rear end of the connector is configured to connect to an automatic hammer terminal setter.

[0079] 5A to 5DAn example of a tip adapter (tip adapter 500) is depicted, which includes a clamp 510 and a connector 520. Clamp 510 has a first side 530, a second side 540, and a base 550, which form a U-shape with an inner surface 560 and an outer surface 562. First side 530 has a first lip 532, and second side 540 has a second lip 542, both of which are on inner surface 560. Connector 520 is connected to outer surface 562 on base 550. Arrow 570 indicates the longitudinal axis of tip adapter 500. Open side 580 is on one side of the clamp.

[0080] FIG. 6 depicts an exemplary injection tool (injection tool 600 ) inserted into the tip adapter (tip adapter 500 ) of FIG. 5 .

[0081] In another aspect, methods of using a tip adapter are described herein. In some embodiments, the method includes coupling an injection tool to the tip adapter. In some variations, the method includes inserting the injection tool between a first structural element and a second structural element of the tip adapter. In some variations, the method includes inserting the injection tool between a first lip and a second lip. In some variations, the method includes connecting a connector to the injection tool. In some variations, the method includes bringing the injection tool close to a plant part. In some variations, the method includes pushing the tip adapter toward the plant part to insert at least a portion of the injection tool into the plant part. In some variations, pushing the tip adapter is performed by pushing a connector of the tip adapter. In some variations, the method includes releasing the injection tool from the tip adapter.

[0082] In some embodiments, pushing the tip adapter toward the plant part is performed in the same direction as the longitudinal axis of the tip adapter. In some variations, pushing the tip adapter toward the plant part is performed manually. In some variations, pushing the tip adapter toward the plant part is performed using a hammer. In some variations, pushing the tip adapter toward the plant part is performed using a pneumatic device. In some variations, pushing the tip adapter toward the plant part is performed using a tip setter. In some variations, pushing the tip adapter toward the plant part is performed using a tip setter as described herein.

[0083] 7A to 7D Depicted are exemplary methods 700 and 730 of using an exemplary tip adapter (tip adapter 710) with an exemplary injection tool (injection tool 720). Figure 7A and Figure 7B Depicted is a method 700 of coupling a tip adapter 710 and an injection tool 720 by inserting the injection tool 720 between a first lip and a second lip of the tip adapter 710 . Figure 7ADepicted is just before the injection tool 720 is inserted into the tip adapter 710, and Figure 7B Depicted just after insertion. Figure 7C and Figure 7D A method 730 for releasing a tip adapter 710 from an injection tool 720 inserted into a plant part 740 is depicted. Figure 7C The tip adapter 710 is shown sliding to the side to release the injection tool 720, while Figure 7D The injection tool 720 is shown after being released from the tip adapter 710.

[0084] Figures 8A to 8D Exemplary methods 800 , 802 , 804 , and 806 of advancing an exemplary tip adapter (tip adapter 810 ) toward a plant part 830 are depicted. Figure 8A Method 800 is depicted in which a tip adapter 810 is advanced toward a plant part 830 using an exemplary tip setter (tip setter 820). Figure 8B Method 802 is depicted in which a tip adapter 810 is advanced toward a plant part 830 using an exemplary tip setter (tip setter 822). Figure 8C Method 804 is depicted in which tip adapter 810 is urged toward plant part 830 using an exemplary pneumatic device (pneumatic device 824 ). Figure 8D Method 806 is depicted in which tip adapter 810 is pushed toward plant part 830 using an exemplary hammer (hammer 826 ).

[0085] In some embodiments, the tip adapter can be used to mount the injection tool to a plant part having a trunk diameter of: greater than or equal to 1 mm; greater than or equal to 5 mm; greater than or equal to 10 mm; greater than or equal to 15 mm; greater than or equal to 20 mm; greater than or equal to 40 mm; greater than or equal to 60 mm; greater than or equal to 80 mm; greater than or equal to 100 mm; greater than or equal to 120 mm; greater than or equal to 150 mm; greater than or equal to 300 mm; or greater than or equal to 500 mm.

[0086] In some embodiments, components of the tip adapter may be made of metal (e.g., cobalt-chromium alloy). In some variations, the connector is made of metal (e.g., cobalt-chromium alloy). In some variations, the fixture is made of metal (e.g., cobalt-chromium alloy). In some variations, components of the tip adapter are 3D printed. In some variations, the fixture is 3D printed. In some variations, the connector is 3D printed.

[0087] Injection system

[0088] Any injection system compatible with the tip adapter and tip setter described herein can be used. Suitable injection systems are described, for example, in WO 2020 / 021041. In some embodiments, the injection system is used to apply a fluid (e.g., a liquid formulation comprising one or more active ingredients (AI)) directly to the interior of a plant part. In some variations, the injection system includes an injection tool. In some variations, the injection system includes a fluid delivery system. In some variations, the fluid delivery system includes a liquid supply source. In some variations, the injection system includes a fluid receiving device. In some variations, the injection system includes a base.

[0089] In some aspects, the present invention provides a plant injection system compatible with the end adapter and end setter described herein, which includes a multi-port injection tool for applying fluid (e.g., a liquid formulation comprising one or more active ingredients) to plants. In some embodiments, the plant injection system includes a fluid delivery system, a fluid receiving system, and a multi-port injection tool, wherein the fluid delivery system is operably connected to a first port of the multi-port injection tool and the fluid receiving system is in fluid communication with a second port of the multi-port injection tool. In some variations, the fluid delivery system facilitates fluid to flow from a fluid supply source through a channel system in the multi-port injection tip from a first inlet and outlet port to a second inlet and outlet port and to (a plurality of) distribution ports and finally to the inside of the plant. In some variations, the fluid receiving system can have an open position and a closed position, wherein fluid can flow through or be discharged from the fluid receiving system in the open position, and fluid remains in the fluid receiving system in the closed position.

[0090] base

[0091] Any base that is compatible with the tip adapters and tip setters described herein can be used. Suitable bases are described, for example, in WO 2020 / 021041. For example, in some embodiments, the base is used to integrate components of an injection system, such as an injection tool. For example, one such housing can be configured to receive a pressurized tank (fluid delivery system) that delivers AI fluid when activated, while also integrating an injection tool and components for operably connecting the injection tool to the pressurized tank. In another example, the housing is configured to: integrate an injection tool and components for fluidly connecting the injection tool to the fluid delivery system; and install the injection tool and hold it in place in the trunk of the plant. In some such embodiments, the housing is a composite base.

[0092] In some embodiments, the base includes a transfer interface extending between the cartridge cassette and the injection tool.The transfer interface fluidly interconnects the cartridge cassette with one or more dispensing ports of the injection tool.

[0093] In some embodiments, the base stores the active ingredient (AI) formulation and delivers the formulation to an injection tool that is included with the rest of the system. In some variations, the base is installed as an integral assembly close to the plant (e.g., connected along a stem, trunk, etc.), wherein the injection tool penetrates into the active vascular tissue of the plant. In other examples, the base is also installed as an integral assembly, but at an angle to the stem portion of the plant. In some variations, the base is optionally also connected to the plant, such as by one or more mounting brackets, straps, bands, fasteners, etc. In some variations, the base includes a supporting frame structure that holds each component, such as a formulation reservoir for the formulation, an injection tool, and interconnected fluid interfaces within the frame structure, so that the system is installed to the plant.

[0094] In some embodiments, the base is pushed into the stem portion of the plant to install the injection tool into the plant. In some embodiments, a terminal setter can be used to help install the base and injection tool on and in the plant. For example, the terminal setter can be a lever-type device that includes expandable claws that can accommodate the base and the stem portion of the plant. The claws can then be brought closer together to bring the base closer to the plant and push the installation tool into the plant. In some embodiments, the bottom portion of the base that receives the terminal has an arrow-shaped shape, and its groove is designed to engage with the terminal setter. In some embodiments, at least a portion of the fluid receiving system includes a flexible portion, for example to reduce damage to the terminal during installation. In some variations, the base can optionally be further connected to the stem portion of the plant, for example to provide additional stability and / or to help maintain the installed injection tool in place. In some variations, the AI preparation cartridge is placed in a cartridge box, and in some embodiments, installation of the preparation cartridge automatically activates the cartridge, thereby opening the preparation cartridge and opening fluid communication between the preparation and the injection tool. In other embodiments, the cartridge can be stored in the box and activated at a desired time, for example, by pressing the cartridge downwards, such as by screwing a lid downwards onto the box. In other embodiments, the flange can engage the cartridge, thereby activating the cartridge and maintaining it in place. In certain embodiments, the position of the flange is adjustable to accommodate tanks of different lengths and / or to allow activation at a desired time. Therefore, in certain embodiments, the plant injection system operates with minimal exposure of the preparation to the external environment. On the contrary, the AI preparation is applied to the injection tool in the plant from the preparation cartridge in a closed (for example, sealed) manner. Accordingly, even preparations that are not indicated for external use or exposure can also be used together with the plant injection system.

[0095] In one example, by removing empty preparation cartridge and replacing cartridge and being connected in the cartridge box, repair plant injection system.The replacement of cartridge is simple and quick, and therefore can provide basic uninterrupted AI fluid application for plant.Alternatively, plant injection system comprises the delivery interface with body inlet and outlet port (as the filling port that provides additional capacity for system).The body inlet and outlet port optionally allows to use replacement preparation and refill preparation cartridge by being delivered to the body inlet and outlet port of preparation cartridge in use.In other examples, the body inlet and outlet port helps the discharge or initialization of system.Preparation from preparation cartridge is conveyed under pressure through injection tool to the body inlet and outlet port.Intervention fluid such as air in pipeline, residual preparation is discharged from the inlet and outlet port, for example, enters in the collection reservoir.Correspondingly, in some embodiments, even the refilling, replacement and initialization of system also optionally carry out under the situation that is exposed to external environment to the greatest extent.

[0096] Injection Tool

[0097] Any injection tool compatible with the end adapter and end setter described herein can be used. Suitable injection tool is described in, for example, WO 2020 / 021041. For example, in some embodiments, the injection tool includes a tool body, at least a portion of which is designed to be stuck in a plant (such as a stem or trunk of a plant). The tool body has a channel system (having one or more channels), and fluid can flow through the channel system, and the channel system terminates at the inlet port through which fluid enters the injection tool and the one or more distribution ports through which fluid is transported to the inside of the plant. In certain embodiments, the channel system provides fluid communication between the distribution port and the inlet and outlet ports. Technicians can envision that various injection tools can all be modified to a multi-port injection tool consistent with this disclosure based on this disclosure. For example, in some variations, other injection tools described herein can be modified to include two inlet and outlet ports that are in fluid communication with the channel system, and the channel system provides fluid communication between the inlet and outlet ports and the distribution port.

[0098] In some embodiments, a multi-port injection tool compatible with the tip adapters and tip setters described herein has an insertion end that is inserted into a plant and an exposed end that remains outside the plant to facilitate coupling and decoupling of the multi-port injection tool to a fluid delivery system and / or a fluid receiving system. In some embodiments, the size and shape of the multi-port injection tip are designed to minimize damage to the target plant when inserted into the plant while maintaining the tip's ability to deliver a desired dose of AI fluid directly to the sapwood of the tree trunk, rather than the heartwood, over a desired period of time.

[0099] In some embodiments, the injection tool is a multi-port injection tool that includes a first inlet and outlet port, a second inlet and outlet port, the one or more dispensing ports, and the channel system that establishes fluid communication between the first and second inlet and outlet ports and the one or more dispensing ports. In some variations, when the multi-port injection tool is used in a plant injection system having a fluid receiving device, the multi-port injection tool is positioned in a plant trunk that is in fluid communication with a fluid delivery system, and the fluid delivery system is activated, causing fluid to flow from the fluid delivery device through the multi-port injection tool, from the first inlet and outlet port to the dispensing port, for delivery into the plant trunk and to the second inlet and outlet port.

[0100] Without being bound by theory, it is believed that because the one or more dispensing ports dispense the liquid formulation along different vectors relative to the longitudinal body axis of the penetrating dispensing body, the ports remain open (e.g., away from plant tissue) and dispense the liquid formulation with minimal pressure (relative to the pressure applied by the driven plunger and cartridge). For example, the one or more dispensing ports are open, extend laterally, and dispense the liquid formulation in an orientation that is not aligned with the longitudinal body axis (e.g., transversely, at an offset angle, orthogonally, greater than 5 degrees, greater than 10 degrees, or greater) to minimize obstruction by plant tissue.

[0101] In other examples, these one or more distribution ports are recessed from the outside of the body profile of the penetrating distribution body, and correspondingly keep away from plant tissue.For example, these one or more distribution ports are arranged in the distribution reservoir in the body profile of the penetrating distribution body etc. along the groove (for example, screw thread, groove, sawtooth, fluted, fan-shaped surface etc.) of anchoring element.In certain embodiments, these one or more distribution ports are in the body profile, and along with the penetration of plant tissue, these ports do not engage with plant tissue in the mode that promotes obstruction.On the contrary, these one or more distribution ports are recessed from penetrating element, and at least in some examples, recessed from plant tissue itself. Accordingly, the liquid preparation being delivered to injection tool is easy to receive in plant and with minimum pressure or exerting force to deliver.In addition, in the example comprising cavity, the near side wall, surface etc. of injection tool are combined with surrounding plant tissue to provide reservoir in plant, and liquid preparation stays in these reservoirs to be gradually absorbed by plant.

[0102] In some embodiments, the injection tools described herein are installed in plants having relatively small and large sizes or diameters (e.g., trunk or stem diameters). In one example, the portion of the injection tool installed in the plant has dimensions of approximately 5 mm or less (e.g., width) and 1 mm or less (e.g., height), and accordingly, these tools are configured for installation in plants having dimensions such as stems, trunks, roots, or branches that are 5 mm or larger in diameter.

[0103] In some variations, any injection tool compatible with end adapters and end setters as herein described can further be used together with the formulation cartridge. In certain embodiments, the injection tool can be independent of the formulation cartridge and therefore independent of the active ingredient formulation and be set or advanced into the plant. This allows a safe process to be provided without the risk of the active ingredient formulation leaking from the system or otherwise disposing. In addition, the plant injection system allows relatively low-skilled users to carry out convenient long-term processing of plants, which can achieve that the liquid active ingredient formulation is effectively and accurately transported into the plant.

[0104] In some embodiments, such as when the injection tool is inserted for long-term use, the injection tool is configured to be fixed into the plant so that the inserted portion cannot be easily linearly withdrawn from the plant.

[0105] In some embodiments, the size and shape of the tool's snap-in portion are designed to minimize damage to the plant when inserted into the target plant, while maintaining the effective function of the injection tool in delivering the desired dose of liquid formulation directly to the plant's active vascular system over a desired time period. In some variations, the size and shape of the penetration element and the tool base are collaboratively designed to work together to minimize damage to the target plant while maintaining the effective function of the terminal. For example, the length of the penetration element can be selected to be less than the depth of the whitewood in the trunk of a tree, and the tool base is configured with a flange abutting the bottom end of the penetration element. In some variations, the size and shape of the flange are designed to reduce the risk of inserting the injection tool beyond the penetration element end abutting the flange and therefore exceeding the inner circumference of the whitewood and entering the heartwood. In some variations, the width of the flange is wider than the widest part of the penetration element. In one example, the multi-port injection terminal includes one or more dimensions configured to minimize the trauma caused to the plant during installation. The minimal profile of the tip (and other tip embodiments described herein) minimizes trauma to plants compared to larger-profile devices, including syringes, stoppers, dowels, and the like, which are approximately 7 mm (7.14 mm in one example) (a full 2 mm larger than the exemplary tip). Accordingly, the likelihood of tree damage is reduced, and the likelihood of fungal, bacterial, and insect infestation is minimized (e.g., reduced or eliminated). In one example, the tip and other tip examples described herein are readily used with plants having stems, trunks, branches, and the like, with diameters greater than 4.68 mm, including, but not limited to, fruit trees, nut trees, berry bushes, flowering plants, and trees and forest trees.

[0106] In certain embodiments, the selected injection tool allows for precise delivery (also referred to as "precision injection") of the formulation into the plant. Precision delivery refers to delivering the formulation only, or substantially only, to a target location in the plant. For example, in some embodiments, the target location is the living vasculature of a tree. In some variations, the living vasculature of a tree is the xylem and / or phloem. In other embodiments, precisely delivering the liquid formulation comprises inserting the injection tool such that the dispensing reservoir is positioned within the living vasculature of the plant and does not extend beyond the living vasculature.

[0107] In some embodiments, the selected injection tool has one or more features designed to engage or couple with a tip adapter or tip setter. Figure 9A , an exemplary injection tool 900 having an anchor 902 is configured to dock, engage, or couple with a tip setter or tip adapter. The injection tool 900 has a tool body 904 designed to be snapped into a plant part, a port 906 connectable to a tube, and a tool base 908. Figure 9B , an exemplary injection tool 910 having a groove 912 is configured to dock, engage or couple with a tip setter or tip adapter. The injection tool 910 has a tool body 914 designed to be snapped into a plant part, a port 916 connectable to a tube, and a tool base 918 including the groove 912.

[0108] Fluid delivery system

[0109] In certain embodiments, an injection tool compatible with end adapter and end setter as described herein is operably connected to a fluid delivery system comprising a liquid preparation. In certain embodiments, the fluid delivery system and the liquid preparation source are integrated into a preparation cartridge (such as a pressurized container). In some variations, the preparation cartridge is a pressurized tank. In operation, the liquid preparation flows into the plant from the fluid delivery system through the injection tool. Referring to, for example, WO 2020 / 021041.

[0110] In some embodiments, the injection system or its components used in the methods described herein are as depicted in the figures. In some embodiments, the system is configured to administer a liquid formulation comprising one or more active ingredients (including, for example, nutrients) to a plant or a portion thereof. In some embodiments, such a system is mounted to a stem portion of a plant (e.g., to the trunk of a tree).

[0111] In certain embodiments, method provided herein comprises that injection tool is installed in the stem, trunk, root or the branch of plant, injection tool is operably connected to fluid delivery system, and activates fluid delivery system to start fluid and flows through injection tool from fluid delivery system and flows into plant.In certain embodiments, two or more injection tools are installed in one or more in the stem, trunk, root, branch etc. of plant, to minimize the wound to plant (for example, by minimizing the size of the single hole in the plant or these tools are spaced apart along plant).In some such embodiments, these two or more injection tools are operably connected to identical fluid delivery system.In some such embodiments, these two or more injection tools are operably connected to independently fluid delivery system.

[0112] In some variations, the fluid delivery system comprises a spring-loaded fluid delivery system. In some of the aforementioned variations, the spring-loaded fluid delivery system is configured to operate at a pressure between 1.5 bar and 3 bar. In some variations, the fluid delivery system comprises a fluid delivery system having a pressurized container (e.g., a pressurized tank).

[0113] In some exemplary embodiments, the spring-loaded fluid delivery system can have a base that one or more springs are maintained in one or more corresponding syringes. The design of the spring-loaded fluid delivery system can vary based on the pressure, volume, time or other appropriate parameters of the conveying liquid preparation. For example, in some variations, multiple springs (such as double springs) can be adopted in the fluid delivery system to allow the injection of higher volumes of liquid preparation. In some variations, a single spring can be used for larger syringes, but the pressure range for injecting liquid preparations may be affected.

[0114] In some variations, the delivery unit is designed as a pneumatically or hydraulically operated dosing pump configured to administer a fluid formulation (e.g., a fluid comprising one or more of a liquid, a gas, a gel, a vapor, an aerosol, a colloid, micron / nanoparticles, or a biological organism). Alternatively, the delivery unit is designed to be a pneumatic or hydraulic delivery pump configured to provide one or more pressures. In some examples, the pressure provided is close to but greater than the ambient pressure to gradually deliver the formulation to the plant at low pressure. In another example, the delivery unit provides the liquid formulation in a passive manner, for example, by hydrostatic pressure or capillary action. In one example, the delivery device is designed as a two-chamber assembly, wherein two chambers are arranged in a container, one of which accommodates a pressure medium, and the other chamber accommodates an active ingredient formulation that can be discharged from the two-chamber assembly through a valve by the pressure medium. See, for example, WO 2020 / 212612.

[0115] Kit

[0116] In some aspects, provided herein are kits.

[0117] In some embodiments, the kit includes a tip setter and an injection tool as provided herein. In some variations, the kit includes a tip setter, an injection tool, and a package insert containing instructions for use (e.g., for inserting the injection tool into a plant part using the tip setter).

[0118] In some embodiments, the kit includes a tip setter and a tip adapter. In some variations, the kit includes a tip setter, a tip adapter, and a package insert containing instructions for use (e.g., for positioning the tip adapter relative to the tip setter and inserting an injection tool into a plant part using the tip setter).

[0119] In some embodiments, the kit includes an injection tool and a tip adapter. In some variations, the kit includes an injection tool, a tip adapter, and a package insert containing instructions for use (e.g., for positioning the tip adapter relative to a tip setter).

[0120] In some embodiments, the kit includes a tip setter, a tip adapter, and an injection tool. In some variations, the kit includes a tip setter, a tip adapter, an injection tool, and a package insert containing instructions for use (e.g., for positioning the tip adapter relative to the tip setter and inserting the injection tool into the plant part using the tip setter).

[0121] In other variations of the foregoing, the kit may further include a fluid delivery system (which, for example, optionally contains an active ingredient or is configured to receive an active ingredient) and optionally a base configured to hold the fluid delivery system and connect to the tip setter).

[0122] Liquid preparations

[0123] Any suitable liquid formulation can be used in an infusion system compatible with the tip adapter and tip setter described herein. In some embodiments, the liquid formulation is water-soluble. In some variations, the liquid formulation contains nutrients. In some variations, the liquid formulation contains micronutrients. In some variations, the liquid formulation is a semi-liquid formulation. In some variations, the liquid formulation is a gel formulation. In some variations, the liquid formulation is delivered as a semi-liquid or gel formulation.

[0124] Preparation can be prepared by mixing active ingredient with one or more suitable additives (such as suitable extenders, solvents, spontaneity promoters, carriers, emulsifiers, dispersants, antifreeze agents, biocides, thickeners, adjuvants etc.). In this article, adjuvant is a component that enhances the biological effect of the preparation, and this component itself does not have biological effect. The example of adjuvant is an agent that helps to maintain, spread or penetrate in the target plant. An embodiment of the present disclosure is included in the long-term supply of active ingredient to plants during the growing season, wherein the adjuvant is a stabilizer, such as a low-temperature stabilizer, preservative, antioxidant, light stabilizer or other chemical agents that improve chemical and / or physical stability.

[0125] Examples of typical formulations include water-soluble liquids (SL), emulsifiable concentrates (EC), emulsions in water (EW), suspensions (SC, SE, FS, OD), water-dispersible granules (WG), and fluids (which include one or more of liquids, gases, gels, vapors, aerosols, etc.). These and other possible formulation types are described, for example, by CropLife International and in the following: Pesticide Specifications; Manual on development and use of FAO and WHO specifications for pesticides; FAO Plant Production and Protection Papers, prepared by the FAO / WHO Joint Meeting on Pesticide Specifications, 2004, ISBN: 9251048576; “Catalogue of pesticide formulation types and international coding system”, Technical Monograph No. 2, 6th edition, May 2008, CropLife International.

[0126] In some embodiments, these compositions are prepared in a known manner, such as described in Mollet and Grubemann, Formulation technology, Wiley VCH, Weinheim, 2001, or in Knowles, New developments in crop protection product formulation, Agrow Reports DS243, T&F Informa, London, 2005. For example, the formulations are prepared by mixing the active ingredient with one or more suitable additives, such as suitable extenders, solvents, spontaneity promoters, carriers, emulsifiers, dispersants, antifreeze agents, biocides, thickeners, adjuvants, and the like. In this context, an adjuvant is a component that enhances the biological effect of a formulation without itself having a biological effect. Examples of adjuvants are agents that facilitate retention, diffusion, or penetration in the target plant. One embodiment of the present disclosure includes providing a long-term supply of active ingredients to plants during the growing season, wherein the adjuvant is a stabilizer, such as a low-temperature stabilizer, preservative, antioxidant, light stabilizer, or other chemical agent that improves chemical and / or physical stability.

[0127] Examples of suitable adjuvants are solvents, liquid carriers, surfactants, dispersants, emulsifiers, wetting agents, adjuvants, solubilizers, penetration enhancers, protective colloids, moisturizers, insect repellents, attractants, feeding stimulants, bulking agents, bactericides, antifreeze agents, defoamers, colorants, stabilizers or nutrients, UV protectants, tackifiers and / or adhesives. Specific examples of each of these adjuvants are well known to those skilled in the art, see, for example, US 2015 / 0296801 A1.

[0128] These compositions may optionally include 0.1-80% of stabilizers and / or nutrients and 0.1-10% of UV protectants. General examples of suitable ratios for the various formulation types cited above are given below: in Agrow Reports DS243, T&F Informa, London, 2005.

[0129] At certain application rates, the compositions and / or formulations according to the present disclosure may also have a strengthening effect in plants. In the present context, "plant strengthening" (resistance-inducing) substances are understood to mean those substances or combinations of substances that are able to stimulate the plant defense system in such a way that, when subsequently inoculated with harmful microorganisms, the treated plants exhibit a large degree of resistance to these microorganisms.

[0130] Active ingredient

[0131] In some embodiments, when the active ingredient is applied, it can be applied continuously over a longer period or interval. In some variations, such application can also be used in conjunction with a disease monitoring system and triggered "on demand." In some variations, the formulation can contain between 0.5% and 90% by weight of the active compound, based on the weight of the formulation.

[0132] Many active ingredients can be used in injection systems compatible with end adapters and end setters as described herein. The active ingredients indicated by their "common name" herein are known and described in, for example, The Pesticide Manual [pesticide manual] (18th edition, Dr. J.A. Turner (2018), which includes herbicides, fungicides, insecticides, acaricides, nematicides, plant growth regulators, insect repellents, synergists and other agents) or can be searched on the Internet (for example, alanwood.net / pesticides). Further, active ingredient can be selected from the group consisting of the following compounds and compositions:

[0133] 1. Fungicides

[0134] 1.1 Respiratory inhibitors

[0135] 1.1.1 Inhibitors of complex III at position Qo, for example, azoxystrobin, cypermethrin, syringosterone, kypermethrin, enestrobin, enestrobin, flutoxistrobin, fluoxastrobin, kresoxim-methyl, fenoxystrobin, orysastrobin, picoxystrobin, pyraclostrobin, pyraclostrobin, trifloxystrobin, pyraclostrobin, trifloxystrobin, pyraclostrobin, trifloxystrobin, pyraclostrobin, triclopyricarb, chlorodincarb, famoxadone and / or fenaclostrobin;

[0136] 1.1.2 Qi site complex III inhibitors: cyazofamid and / or indazolesulfamide;

[0137] 1.1.3 Complex II inhibitors: flutolanil, o-iodine anilide, bixafen, boscalid, carboxin, furamide, fluopyram, flutolanil, fluopyram, fluopyram, furopyram, pyraclostrobin, meprobamate, oxycarboxin, fluopyram, penthiopyrad, cyproconazole, chloropyralid, and / or thiofuran;

[0138] 1.1.4 Other respiratory inhibitors (e.g., complex I, uncouplers): difluprednisolone;

[0139] 1.1.5 Nitrophenyl derivatives: binapacryl, chlorpyrifos, diclofenac, fluazifop; pyraclostrobin; organometallic compounds: triphenyltin acetate, triphenyltin chloride and / or triphenyltin hydroxide; pyraclostrobin; and / or silthiopyrad;

[0140] 1.2 Sterol biosynthesis inhibitors (SBI fungicides)

[0141] 1.2.1.C14 demethylase inhibitors (DMI fungicides): Triazoles: azaconazole, isoprenaline, bromoconazole, cyproconazole, difenoconazole, diniconazole, diniconazole-M, epoxiconazole, fenbuconazole, fluquinconazole, flusilazole, flutriafol, hexaconazole, imipenem, picronil, metconazole, myclobutanil, oxaconazole, paclobutrazol, penconazole, propiconazole, prothioconazole, silyconazole, tebuconazole, tetraconazole, triadimefon, triadimenol, triticonazole, and / or uniconazole;

[0142] 1.2.2 Imidazoles: imazalil, pyrimethanil, prochloraz, triflumizole; pyrimidines, pyridines and piperazines: chlorfenapyr, chlorfenapyr, pyrimidoxime, triflumizole; Δ14-reductase inhibitors: cartap, dodecamorph, dodecamorph acetate, fenpropimorph, tridecamorph, fenpropidin, fenfluramide, spiroxam; 3-ketoreductase inhibitor: fenhexamid;

[0143] 1.3 Nucleic acid synthesis inhibitors:

[0144] 1.3.1 Phenylamide or acylamino acid fungicides: bensulfuron, bensulfuron-M, kiral-axyl, metalaxyl, furamide, and oxadixyl; others: oxadixyl, isothiazol, oxolinic acid, pyrimidine sulfonate, and / or 5-fluorocytosine;

[0145] 1.4 Cell division and cytoskeleton inhibitors

[0146] 1.4.1 Tubulin inhibitors: benzimidazoles, thiophanates: benomyl, carbendazim, thiabendazole, thiophanate-methyl; triazolopyrimidines:

[0147] 1.4.2 Cell division inhibitors: diethofencarb, ethaboxam, pencycuron, fluopyram, zoxamide, mefenacet and / or piofenac;

[0148] 1.5 Amino Acids and Protein Synthesis Inhibitors

[0149] 1.5.1 Methionine synthesis inhibitors (aniline pyrimidines): cyprodinil, myclobutanil, pyrimethanil; protein synthesis inhibitors: blasticidin-S, kasugamycin, kasugamycin hydrochloride hydrate, ampicillin, streptomycin, oxytetracycline, polyoxin, and jinggangmycin A;

[0150] 1.6. Signal transduction inhibitors

[0151] 1.6.1 MAP / histidine protein kinase inhibitors: fluazifop, iprodione, procymidone, vinclozolin, fenpiclonil, fludioxonil; G protein inhibitor: quinoxyfen;

[0152] 1.7 Lipid and membrane synthesis inhibitors

[0153] 1.7.1 Phospholipid biosynthesis inhibitors: Kewensan, Isomorph, Pyrifos, and Blastolin; lipid peroxidation inhibitors: Nitrocarb, Pentachloronitrobenzene, Tetrachloronitrobenzene, Tolclofos-methyl, Biphenyl, Dimethomorph, and Chlorpheniramine; phospholipid biosynthesis and cell wall deposition inhibitors: Dimethomorph, Flumorph, Mandipropamid, Ipyraclostrobin, Benthiopyrad, Isopropamid, and Cyperozolin;

[0154] 1.7.2 Compounds and fatty acids that affect cell membrane permeability: propamocarb, propamocarb-hydrochloride fatty acid amide

[0155] 1.8 Inhibitors with multi-site effects

[0156] 1.8.1 Inorganic active substances: Bordeaux mixture, copper acetate, copper hydroxide, copper oxychloride, basic copper sulfate, sulfur; thio- and dithiocarbamates: ferbam, mancozeb, maneb, metamethylenetetramine, metiram, propineb, thiram, maneb, ziram; organochlorine compounds (e.g. phthalimides, sulfamides, chloronitriles): captacholin-2, chlorothalonil, captafol, captan, folpet, dichlorophen, hexachlorobenzene, pentachlorophenol and its salts, phthalide, tolylfluanid; and others: guanidine, dodine, dodine free base, biguanide salts, biguanide octyl acetate, biguanide octylamine, biguanide octylamine triacetate, biguanide trioctylalkylbenzenesulfonate, dithianon;

[0157] 1.9 Cell wall synthesis inhibitors

[0158] 1.9.1 Glucan synthesis inhibitors: Jinggangmycin, polyoxin B; melanin synthesis inhibitors: pyroquilon, tricyclazole, cyproconazole, diclofenac and / or cyanamide;

[0159] 1.10 Plant Defense Inducers

[0160] 1.10.1 Benzothiadiazole, propadiazole, isothiazolin, thiazolamide, prohexadione-calcium; phosphonates: fosetyl acid, fosetyl aluminum, phosphorous acid and its salts;

[0161] 1.11 Unknown mode of action:

[0162] 1.11.1 Bronopol, chlorpyrifos, cymoxanil, dazomethanil, carbendazim, cyproconazole, avenanthramide, avenanthramide methyl sulfate, diphenylamine, fluazifop, fluazifop, sulfamethoxam, fluthiophanate-methyl, sulfamethoxam, trichloromethylpyridine, phthalocyanine, copper quinoline, quinoline propoxychlor, isobutyl quinoline, chlorpyrifos and / or pyraclostrobin;

[0163] 1.12 Antifungal biocontrol agents: Ampelomyces quisqualis (e.g. AQ from Intrachem Bio GmbH & Co. KG, Germany) ), Aspergillus flavus (e.g. from Syngenta in China), ), Aureobasidium pullulans (e.g., from bio-ferm GmbH, Germany) ), Bacillus pumilus (e.g., from AgraQuest Inc., USA) and NRRL accession number B-30087 in the United States), Bacillus subtilis (e.g., from AgraQuest Inc., USA) MAX and ASO isolated NRRL-Nr. B-21661), Bacillus subtilis var. amyloliquefaciens FZB24 (e.g., from Novozyme Biologicals, Inc. ), Candida oleophila I-82 (e.g., from Ecogen Inc., USA) ), hydrolyzed Candida (e.g., from Micro Flo Company, BASF SE, and Arysta) (mixed with lysozyme) and ), chitosan (e.g. ARMOUR-ZEN from BotriZen Ltd, New Zealand), Gliocladium catenella (also known as Gliocladium nematosporum) (e.g. isolate J1446 from Verdera, Finland: ), Shield mold (such as Prophyta from Germany) ), chestnut blight pathogens (e.g., Endocytosis parasiticus from CNICM, France), Cryptococcus albicans (e.g., YIELD from Anchor Bio-Technologies, South Africa), ), Fusarium oxysporum (e.g. from SIAPA, Italy From the French Natural Plant Protection ), stone fruit yeast (such as from Agrogreen, Israel) ), Microspore dimer (e.g. from Agrauxine, France) ), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (e.g. from Verdera, Finland) ), white yeasts (such as those from Plant Products Co. Ltd. of Canada) ), Pythium oligandrum DV74 (e.g. from Remeslo SSRO, Biopreparaty, Czech Republic ), Giant knotweed (e.g., from Marrone Bio-Innovations, Inc., USA) ), yellow blue bacteria V117b (such as from Prophyta, Germany) ), Trichoderma SKT-1 (e.g., from Kumiai Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Japan) ), Trichoderma aureum LC52 (e.g., from Agrimm Technologies Ltd, New Zealand); ), Trichoderma harzianum T-22 (e.g., from Firma BioWorks Inc., USA) ), Trichoderma harzianum TH 35 (e.g. ROOT from Mycontrol Ltd., Israel ), Trichoderma harzianum T-39 (e.g., from Mycontrol Ltd., Israel, and Makhteshim Ltd., Israel) and TRICHODERMA ), Trichoderma harzianum and Trichoderma viride (e.g. TRICHOPEL from Agrimm Technology Ltd., New Zealand), Trichoderma harzianum ICC012 and Trichoderma viride ICC080 (e.g. from Isagro Ricerca, Italy) WP), Trichoderma polyspora and / or Trichoderma harzianum (e.g. from BINAB Bio-Innovation AB, Sweden) ), Trichoderma theobroma (e.g. from CEPLAC, Brazil) ), Trichoderma viride GL-21 (e.g., from Certis Ltd., USA ), Trichoderma viride (e.g. from Ecosense Laboratories (India) Private Limited, India From T.Stanes & Co. Ltd. of India F), Trichoderma viride TV1 (e.g., Trichoderma viride TV1 from Agribiotec srl, Italy), Oldman's fine base spore HRU3 (e.g., from Botry-Zen Ltd., New Zealand), ), Beauveria bassiana PPRI 5339 (commercially available from Becker Underwood as the product “BroadBand”), Metarhizium anisopliae FI-1045 (commercially available from Becker Underwood as the product “BioCane”), Metarhizium anisopliae var. viridis FI-985 (commercially available from Becker Underwood as the product “GreenGuard”), and / or Metarhizium anisopliae var. viridis IMI 330189 (commercially available from Becker Underwood as the product “Green Muscle”).

[0164] In some embodiments, the active ingredient may also include a protein or secondary metabolite. The term "protein or secondary metabolite" refers to any compound, substance, or by-product of a microbial fermentation that has pesticidal activity. This definition includes any compound, substance, or by-product of a microbial fermentation that has pesticidal activity (including fungicidal or insecticidal activity). Examples of such proteins or secondary metabolites are allergenic proteins (isolated from Erwinia amylovora, known products such as Harp-N-Tek TM 、 Employ TM 、ProAct TM ) and / or terpene components and mixtures of terpenes, ie, a-terpinene, p-cymene and limonene (known products are, for example, Bayer CropScience LP from the United States ).

[0165] In some embodiments, useful proteins may also include antibodies against fungal target proteins, or other proteins with antifungal activity, such as defensins and / or protease inhibitors. Defensins may include, for example, NaD1, PhD1A, PhD2, Tomdef2, RsAFP2, RsAFP1, RsAFP3, and RsAFP4 from radish, DmAMP1 from dahlia, MsDef1, MtDef2, CtAMP1, PsD1, HsAFP1, VaD1, VrD2, ZmESR6, AhAMP1, and AhAMP4 from horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocatanum), AfIAFP from alfalfa, NaD2, AX1, AX2, BSD1, EGAD1, HvAMP1, JI-2, PgD1, SD2, SoD2, WT1, p139, and p1230 from pea. Protease inhibitors may include the following classes of protease inhibitors: serine inhibitors, cysteine inhibitors, aspartate inhibitors and metalloproteinase inhibitors, as well as carboxypeptidases such as StPin 1A (US 7,462,695) or bovine trypsin inhibitor IP.

[0166] 2. Insecticide compounds

[0167] 2.1 Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors from the carbamate class: aldicarb, chlorfenapyr, benfuracarb, butacarb, butacarb, carbaryl, chlorfenapyr, chlorfenapyr, chlorfenapyr, fenthiocarb ...

[0168] 2.2 Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors from the organophosphate class: acephate, methyl pyraclostrobin, azinphos-methyl, azinphos-methyl, chlorfenapyr, chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos-methyl, chlorpyrifos-methyl, chlorfenapyr, chlorfenapyr, diazinon, dichlorvos / DDVP, dicrotophos, dimethoate, chlorpyrifos-methyl, disulfoton, EPN, ethion, propanphos, amoxifen, fenamiphos, fenitrothion, fenthion, thiamethoxam, heptenophos, nephos-methyl, isopropylamine, O-(methoxyamino)phos isopropyl salicylate, isoxazophos, malathion, mefenacet, methamidophos, methidathion, mevinphos, monocrotophos, nalad, omethoate, sulfomethoate, parathion, methyl parathion, fenthion, phorate, phosalone, phosmet, phosphamidon, oxathion, chlorpyrifos, profenofos, methoprene, prothiophos, pyraclofos, pyridazinphos, quinalphos, thiamethoxam, pyrifos, thiamethoxam, tefos, tert-butylphos, stirophos, methyl thiophos, triazophos, trichlorfon and / or aphidox;

[0169] 2.3 GABA-gated chloride channel antagonists

[0170] 2.4 Cyclopentadiene organochlorine compounds: endosulfan; or M-2.B fiproles (phenylpyrroles): ethiprole, fipronil, fipronil, pyrazine fipronil or pyridine fipronil;

[0171] 2.5 Pyrethroid sodium channel modulators: flumethrin, allethrin, dextro-cis-allethrin, dextro-trans-allethrin, bifenthrin, bio-allethrin, cyclopentenyl bio-allethrin, bio-resmethrin, acetonitrile, cyfluthrin, beta-cyfluthrin, tri-cyhalothrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, gamma-cyhalothrin, cypermethrin, alpha-cypermethrin, beta-cypermethrin, theta-cypermethrin, zeta-cypermethrin, phenothrin , deltamethrin, oxyfluthrin, ethynethrin, esfenvalerate, etofenprox, cypermethrin, fenvalerate, flucythrin, flumethrin, t-fluvalinate, bromofluthrin, imiprothrin, cyfluthrin, metofluthrin, permethrin, phenothrin, prallethrin, profluthrin, pyrethrins (pyrethrum), resmethrin, silafluthrin, tefluthrin, tetrafluthrin, tetramethrin, tralomethrin, transfluthrin, DDT and / or methoxychlor;

[0172] 2.6 Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonists from the neonicotinoid class: acetamiprid, clothianidin, cycloheximide, dinotefuran, flupyradan, imidacloprid, nitenpyram, sulfoxaflor, thiacloprid and / or thiamethoxam;

[0173] 2.7 Allosteric nicotinic acetylcholine receptor activators from the spinosyn class: spinosyn, ethyl spinosyn;

[0174] 2.8 Chloride channel activators from the bacteriocin class: avermectin, emamectin benzoate, ivermectin, lepidomectin and / or mitramectin;

[0175] 2.9 Juvenile hormone mimetics: methoprene, methoprene, methoprene, fenoxycarb and / or pyriproxyfen;

[0176] 2.10 Nonspecific multisite inhibitors: methyl bromide and other alkyl halides, chloropicrin, sulfonyl fluoride, borax and / or tartar emetic;

[0177] 2.11 Selective homopteran feeding inhibitors: pymetrozine, flonicamid and / or pyrifoquinoxaline;

[0178] 2.12 Mite growth inhibitors: clofentezine, hexythiazox, fluazifop and / or etoxazole;

[0179] 2.13 Mitochondrial ATP synthase inhibitors: difenocarb, azoxatin, cyhexatin, fenbutatin, sulfamethoxaline and / or sulfamethoxaline;

[0180] 2.14 Oxidative phosphorylation uncouplers: chlorfenapyr, DNOC, and / or sulfluramid; M-13 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor channel blockers: sulfanil, cartap hydrochloride, thiophanate-methyl, and / or dimehypo;

[0181] 2.15 Type 0 chitin biosynthesis inhibitors (benzoylureas): bistrifluan, chlorfluazuron, diflubenzuron, flufenoxuron, flubendiamide, hexaflumuron, lufenuron, noflubenzuron, nobifluumuron, flubendiamide and / or diflubenzuron;

[0182] 2.16 Type 1 chitin biosynthesis inhibitors: thiazolinone;

[0183] 2.17 Molting disruptor: cyproterone;

[0184] 2.18 Ecdysteroid receptor agonists: methoxyfenozide, tebufenozide, chlorfenozide, furofenozide and / or chlorfenozide;

[0185] 2.19 Octopamine receptor agonist: amitraz;

[0186] 2.20 Mitochondrial complex III electron transport inhibitors: hydrazone, acequinoxaline, flumetoquinone, pyrimidifen and / or pyrimidifen;

[0187] 2.21 Mitochondrial complex I electron transport inhibitors: quinazofen, fenpyrad, pyrimidifen, pyridabenz, tebufenpyrad, tolfenpyrad, pyrimidifen and / or rotenone;

[0188] 2.22 Voltage-dependent sodium channel blockers: indoxacarb and / or metaflumizone

[0189] 2.23 Lipid synthesis inhibitors, acetyl-CoA carboxylase inhibitors: spirodiclofen, spiromesifen and / or spirotetramat;

[0190] 2.24 Mitochondrial complex II electron transport inhibitors: cyflumetofen, cyflumetofen and / or flubutamide;

[0191] 2.25 Ryanodine receptor modulators from the diamide class: flubendiamide, chlorantraniliprole (chlorantraniliprole) and / or chlorantraniliprole (cyantraniliprole);

[0192] 2.26 Others: abicyclon;

[0193] 2.27 Insecticide biocontrol agents: Bacillus firmus (e.g., Bacillus firmus CNCM 1-1582, e.g., WO 09126473 A1 and WO 09124707 A2, commercially available as "Votivo") and / or delta-endotoxins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt).

[0194] 3. Plant growth regulators:

[0195] 3.1 Anti-growth hormones: clofibric acid and / or 2,3,5-tri-iodobenzoic acid;

[0196] 3.2 Auxins: 4-CPA, 2,4-D, 2,4-DB, 2,4-DEP, dichlorprop, propionic acid, IAA (indole-3-acetic acid), IBA, naphthylacetamide, α-naphthylacetic acid, 1-naphthol, naphthoxyacetic acid, potassium cyclopentaneate, sodium cyclopentaneate and / or 2,4,5-T;

[0197] 3.3 Cytokinins: 2iP, 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA), 2,6-dimethylaminopyridine and / or kinetin, zeatin;

[0198] 3.4 Defoliants: calcium cyanamide, thiamethoxam, thiazolin, phosphite, methoxuron, pentachlorophenol, thiadiazole, phosphite and / or tributyl trithiophosphate;

[0199] 3.5 Ethylene regulators: Avitro steroids, 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP), prohexadione (calcium prohexadione) and / or trinexapac-ethyl (trinexapac-ethyl);

[0200] 3.6 Ethylene releasers: ACC, ethylene silicon, ethephon, glyoxime; Gibberellic acid: gibberellin, gibberellic acid;

[0201] 3.7 Growth inhibitors: abscisic acid, pyrimidine alcohol, butralin, carbaryl, dwarf phosphorus, chlorpropham, furazolidone, flumetrazone, glucosamine, phosphamidon, glyphosate, phenylpyrifos, jasmonic acid, maleic hydrazide, mepiquat (mepiquat chloride, mepiquat pentaborate), perimetrozine, propyl jasmonate, mepiquat and / or 2,3,5-tri-iodobenzoic acid;

[0202] 3.8 Morphogens: chlorofluorenecarboxylic acid, chlorofluorene, dichlorofluorene and / or fluorene butyl ester;

[0203] 3.9 Growth retardants: chlormequat (chlormequat chloride), diaminozide, fluazifop, mesotrione, paclobutrazol, tetracyclazole, uniconazole and / or metconazole;

[0204] 3.10 Growth stimulants: brassinolide, forchlorfenuron and / or mexamethylenetetramine;

[0205] 3.11 Unclassified plant growth regulators / unknown classification: chloramide, phenyl fluoride, buminafos, carvone, choline chloride, benzocyanamide, pyridazine acid, cyanamide, cyclopropanesulfonamide, cycloheximide, cyclopropylsulfonamide, propionyl brassinolide, indole, ethylene, pyridazinone acid, flurprimidol, flumethoxam, yield-increasing oxime, chloroethanesulfinic acid, antineptachlor, kazhitazan, lead arsenate, sulfamethoxazole, bidanone, cypermethrin and / or imazalil.

[0206] In one embodiment, the fungicidal compound is selected from the group consisting of: orysastrobin, pyraclostrobin, azoxystrobin, trifloxystrobin, picoxystrobin, cyazofamid, boscalid, fluopyram, fluopyram, bixafen, pyraclostrobin, benzovinflumazole, penthiopyrad, pyraclostrobin, difenoconazole, metconazole, prothioconazole, tebuconazole, propiconazole, cyproconazole, penconazole, myclobutanil, tetrafluconazole, hexaconazole, metrafenone, zoxamide, pyrimethanil, cyprodinil, metalaxyl, fludioxonil, dimethomorph, mandipropamid, tricyclazole, copper, metiram, chlorothalonil, dithianon, fluazinam, folpet, fosetyl-aluminum, captan, cymoxanil, mancozeb, kresoxim-methyl, orysastrobin, epoxiconazole, fluquinconazole, triticonazole, fenpropimorph, and iprodione.

[0207] In one embodiment, the plant growth regulator is selected from the group consisting of: 6-benzylaminopurine (=N-6-benzyladenine), chlormequat chloride (chlormequat chloride), choline chloride, cyproconazole, fluazifop, diflupyr, thiamethoxam, ethephon, flumetracon, flumethoxam, forchlorfenuron, gibberellic acid, anthracene, maleic hydrazide, mepiquat chloride (mepiquat chloride), 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP), paclobutrazol, prohexadione (prohexadione calcium), propyl jasmonate, thidiazuron, thiazolinone, tributyl trithiophosphate, trinexapac-ethyl, and uniconazole.

[0208] In another embodiment, the active ingredient is a biological control agent, such as a biopesticide. In certain embodiments, biopesticides are nontoxic, safe to use, and can have high specificity compared to conventional synthetic chemical pesticides. In some variations, these can be used as prevention (or treatment) tools for managing diseases, nematodes, insects, and other pests. In certain embodiments, biopesticides allow the use of traditional chemical-based pesticides to be reduced without affecting yield. The use of biopesticides can be compatible with the use of food and feed production, and many biological agents are approved for consumption. This makes it possible to use them in food production systems throughout the year, such as wine, bananas, cocoa, coffee, and fruit plantations, in which pest control is a significant and increasingly severe challenge. In one embodiment, the instrument, system, and method of this disclosure are employed in organic agriculture.

[0209] In one embodiment, the active ingredients are those that provide a systemic effect.

[0210] Penetrants

[0211] In certain embodiments, in an injection system or an injection tool compatible with a terminal setter as herein described and a terminal adapter, the absorption and distribution penetrants that are conducive to and / or enhance the active ingredient in the target plant can be used. Suitable penetrants include all those materials that are typically used to enhance active pesticide compounds to penetrate into plants in this article. Examples include alcohol alkoxylates (such as coconut fat ethoxylates, isotridecyl ethoxylates), fatty acid esters (such as rapeseed or soybean methyl esters), fatty amine alkoxylates (such as tallow fatty amine ethoxylates), or ammonium salts and / or phosphonium salts (such as ammonium sulfate or diammonium hydrogen phosphate).

[0212] Purpose of injection system

[0213] The injection tools and injection systems compatible with the tip setters and tip adapters described herein can be used with any number of known injection methods and protocols, such as those disclosed in PCT applications WO 2012 / 114197 or WO 2013 / 149993. The appropriate method and protocol depends on a variety of factors, including the nozzle tip, tree species, target (insects, nematodes, diseases, abiotic stresses, etc.), injection fluid composition and / or viscosity, desired dosage volume, and injection pressure.

[0214] In some embodiments, the method includes delivering a formulation comprising one or more nutrients to the plant. In some embodiments, the method includes precisely delivering the formulation to the plant. In some variations, precisely delivering the liquid formulation includes inserting an injection tool so that the dispensing reservoir is positioned within and does not extend beyond the active vasculature of the plant.

[0215] In some variations, when the injection tool is inserted into the stem portion of a plant, the liquid formulation is delivered into the plant's active vasculature and does not extend beyond the active vasculature. In some variations, when the injection tool is inserted into the stem or trunk of a tree, the liquid formulation is delivered into the plant's active vasculature and does not extend beyond the active vasculature. In some variations, when the injection tool is inserted into the stem portion of a plant, the liquid formulation is delivered into the plant's xylem or phloem, or both, and does not extend beyond the xylem or phloem, or both. In one variation, when the injection tool is inserted into the stem or trunk of a plant, the liquid formulation is delivered into the plant's xylem or phloem, or both, and does not extend beyond the xylem or phloem, or both.

[0216] In some embodiments, the methods deliver at least 50%, at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% of the liquid formulation to the living vasculature of the plant. In some variations, the methods deliver at least 50%, at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% of the liquid formulation to the xylem and / or phloem of the plant.

[0217] In certain embodiments, the method comprises injecting the liquid formulation into the vascular system through one or more sites on the stem portion of the plant. In certain embodiments, the method comprises injecting the liquid formulation into the vascular system through one or more sites on the trunk of a tree. In the embodiment where the formulation is injected through a plurality of injection sites, a plurality of injection systems as herein described can be used. In some embodiments where the formulation is injected through a plurality of injection sites, the system comprises a plurality of injection tools operably connected to a single fluid delivery system.

[0218] The injection tools, injection systems, and methods described herein generally provide one or more commercial advantages over tools, systems, and methods currently known in the art. Advantages include one or more of the following: faster restoration of production yields prior to infection, rapid response (e.g., cure), reduced volume of formulation required, reduced loss of formulation to the environment, less damage to trees, response in older trees (including trees over 100 years old), response in trees with significant disease symptoms (e.g., 50% or less canopy leaves remaining), and faster application of the drug to trees.

[0219] The injection system according to the present disclosure is suitable for application to a variety of different plants. Therefore, the shape and size of the injection tool involved are advantageously suitable for the intended application. More specifically, the injection tool can be designed to be applied to relatively large plants, specifically trees, shrubs or other woody plants. In other variations, the injection tool can be designed to be applied to relatively small or smaller plants. For example, in some variations, the total length of the injection tool suitable for woody plants can be greater than 50mm or in the range between 60mm and 200mm. The corresponding penetrating distribution body (e.g., axial or wedge-shaped body profile) includes a length of 35mm or greater and in some examples in the range between about 35mm and 160mm, and / or a width of 30mm or greater or in the range between about 35mm and 150mm. In contrast, in other variations, the injection tool intended for relatively small plants optionally has a total length of between about 3mm and 20mm, between about 6mm and 16mm, or less than 10mm.

[0220] In yet another aspect, described herein is a method for modulating the phenotype of a plant or plants, comprising the steps of: (i) installing a plant infusion system according to the present disclosure provided herein in the plant or plants, and (ii) applying a liquid formulation of an active ingredient to modulate the phenotype of the plant.

[0221] In some embodiments, the active ingredient is selected from the group consisting of (i) pesticides and (ii) growth regulators. In some embodiments, the active ingredient is a biological compound or composition approved for food and feed applications.

[0222] Verify operation of plant injection systems

[0223] In some embodiments, methods of using a plant injection system compatible with the tip setter and tip adapter described herein include verifying the operation of the plant injection system and delivering an AI to the interior of a plant. In some such embodiments, the methods include: installing a multi-port injection tool into the trunk of a plant using the tip setter or tip adapter described herein; delivering an AI to a first port of a multi-port injection tip to prime the injection tip with the fluid receiving system in a closed position; thereafter setting the fluid receiving system to an open position and confirming that fluid flows from the first port into the fluid receiving system and flows to and through the second port; and then setting the fluid receiving system to a closed position to maintain system pressure and facilitate delivery of fluid through the channel system to the distribution port and the interior of the plant. In further or alternative embodiments, the method includes one or more of: initializing the injection tip (including venting intervening fluids, such as air), delivering multiple AI formulations together, extracting fluid for testing or flushing the tool, and refilling a formulation reservoir connected to the tool.

[0224] In some embodiments, a multi-port injection tool compatible with the end setter and end adapter described herein can be used in conjunction with a fluid receiving system as the basis for a method of confirming that fluid flows from a fluid delivery system through the multi-port injection tool. In some embodiments, utilizing a multi-port injection tool installed in a plant, the method includes priming the multi-port injection tool by activating the fluid delivery system when the fluid receiving system is in a closed position (e.g., by setting a shutoff valve on a hose connected to an inlet and outlet port to a closed position). Thereafter, the fluid receiving system is set to an open position (e.g., by opening a shutoff valve) to allow fluid to flow through the fluid receiving system. Fluid flowing through the fluid receiving system is an indication that the multi-port injection tool is working, at least to the extent that there is an open path for fluid to flow from the fluid delivery system through the multi-port injection tool to the fluid receiving device. After confirming the fluid flow, the fluid receiving system is returned to the closed position, and the plant injection system operates similarly to a system having an injection tool with only a single (inlet) inlet and outlet port. The initialization sequence involving priming the multi-port injection tool (activating the fluid delivery system with the fluid receiving device in the closed position) and subsequently draining the fluid through the fluid receiving system (setting the fluid receiving system to the open position) can also allow at least a portion of the intervening fluid, such as air that may be present in the system, to be flushed out of the plant injection system and in particular from the multi-port injection tool.

[0225] Suitable plants

[0226] In certain embodiments, an injection tool compatible with end setter as herein described or end adapter is inserted into the trunk / stem of a plant. In some modifications, the trunk / stem (i) comprises the vascular system connected to the plant and / or (ii) has a diameter of at least 1 cm (such as at least 2 cm or 3 cm or at least 4 cm or 5 cm). For example, the trunk / stem can comprise the trunk and branches, large petioles of trees, but also comprises " pseudostems " or pseudostems of plants such as bananas, which are made up of a tightly wrapped sheath. The trunk / stem can be woody or non-woody.

[0227] Plants suitable for use with the tip setter and / or tip adapter described herein (including injection tools and systems configured for use with the tip setter and / or tip adapter) can be selected from the group consisting of: tree crops (e.g., walnuts, almonds, pecans, hazelnuts, pistachios, etc.), citrus trees (Citrus spp., such as oranges, lemons, grapefruits, mandarins, etc.), fruit crops (such as grapefruit, stone fruits or small fruits such as apples, pears, plums, peaches, cherries, etc.), vine crops (e.g., grapes, blueberries, blackberries, etc.), coffee (Coffea spp.), coconut (Cocos iiucifera), pineapple (Ananas comosus), cocoa (Theobroma cacao), tea (Camellia sinensis), bananas (Musa spp.), plants of the Laurel family (such as avocado (Persea americana), cinnamon or camphor), figs (Ficus casica), guava (Psidium guajava), mango (Mangifera indica), olive (Olea europaea), papaya (Carica papaya), cashew (Anacardium occidentale), macadamia (Macadamia integrifolia), almond (Prunus amygdalus), natural rubber tree, date palm, oil palm, ornamental plants, forest trees (e.g., pine, spruce, eucalyptus, poplar, coniferous trees, etc.), and / or boxwood.

[0228] Conifers that can be used to practice the embodiments are selected from the group consisting of pines, such as loblolly pine (Pinus taeda), slash pine (Pinus elliotii), ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa), seashore pine (Pinus contorta), and radiata pine (Pinus radiata); Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii); western hemlock (Tsuga canadensis); Sitka spruce (Picea glauca); redwood (Sequoia sempervirens); firs, such as silver fir (Abies amabilis) and balsam fir (Abies balsamea); and cedars, such as incense cedar (Thuja plicata) and / or Alaskan cypress (Chamaeeyparis nootkatensis).

[0229] The palm trees that can be treated are selected from the group consisting of: Alexander palm, dwarf sugar palm, Lontar palm, blue hesper palm, edible stone palm, Butia capitate, European dwarf palm, European fan palm, C. capitate, miniature coconut palm, C. erecta, bamboo palm, C. graminis, reed palm, Areca palm, Flora silver palm, C. crinite, old man palm, coconut palm, oil palm, Ma'anshan palm, Ligustrum lucidum, Triangle palm, Normanbya normanbi, black foxtail palm, Pinanga insignis, Phoenix canariensis, Ptychospermamacarthuri, Shaving brush palm, etc. ), Roystonea elata (tall royal palm), R. regia Cuban (royal palm), Sapindus spp. (cabbage / dwarf palm), Syagrus romanzoffiana (queen palm), Trachycarpus fortune (palm), Trythrinax acanthocoma (thorn palm), Washingtonia filifera (silk palm), and / or W. robusta (Washington palm / large silk palm). One embodiment includes the prevention or treatment of bud rot in palm trees caused by, for example, Phytophthorapalmivora, Thielaviopsis paradoxa, and / or bacteria. Unlike most trees, which have many growing points for new growth to occur, palm trees rely on their solitary terminal bud. If the solitary terminal bud or heart becomes diseased and dies, the tree will not be able to produce any new leaves and will die. This is why preventative care is needed to maintain healthy palm trees.

[0230] Advantages

[0231] In certain embodiments, the injection tool compatible with end setter as herein described and end adapter and the injection system with this injection tool and method as herein described are conducive to the liquid preparation comprising active ingredient being continuously applied to various plants, including but not limited to the perennial plant with any kind of trunk or stem size.In certain embodiments, compared with foliar application, the system, parts and method of present disclosure can be applied to plant active ingredient with the dosage rate that reduces.The dosage rate that reduces is very attractive, because it can reduce the negative impact of foliar spraying on environment, wherein the chemical used in a large number does not arrive target plant or pest, but is released into the environment, may affect beneficial organisms (such as honeybee) and / or cause environmental pollution (such as groundwater) at this.And lower dosage rate can make it possible to substitute chemical pesticides with biological control agents, these biological control agents are approved for human consumption, but product cost is high, and this makes it very expensive to use the foliar cost in the plantation of other plants such as trees and as banana, coffee or cocoa by spraying.

[0232] In other embodiments, injection systems and injection tools compatible with end adapters and end setters as described herein can be used to regulate the phenotype of plants, for example, for treatment, prevention, protection and immunity, which means inducing plants to be free from local and systemic resistance to pathogen invasion and pest invasion. Injection tools as described herein distribute liquid formulations directly to plant interiors without the need for spraying and without the corresponding loss of incorrectly applied spray formulations. Subject matter as described herein brings these formulations into direct contact with plant tissues, and in some embodiments, selectively applies these formulations at the appropriate time to minimize (e.g., eliminate or minimize) the accumulation of (as required) chemical residues in fruits or crops.

[0233] In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides methods for enhancing or maintaining plant health using injection systems and injection tools that are compatible with or can be installed with the end adapters and end setters described herein. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides methods for treating diseased plants and / or methods for controlling bacteria, fungi, viruses and / or other pathogens that cause plant diseases. In further such embodiments, the present disclosure provides a variety of methods for treating plants whose wood has been invaded by disease-causing bacteria, fungi, viruses and / or other pathogens, for controlling these disease-causing bacteria, fungi, viruses and / or other pathogens, and for preventing disease by preventing sufficient colonization of trees by these disease-causing pathogens, such as bacteria, fungi and viruses.

[0234] Embodiments of the tools, systems, and methods of the present disclosure, used with the tip adapters and tip setters described herein, can achieve systemic or targeted administration of active ingredients to the vasculature of a plant, such as into the stem of a plant. These embodiments can be applied to a variety of plants, including but not limited to those listed below, and can be applied to any and all other pathogenic diseases and / or complexes encountered in agriculture, such as horticulture.

[0235] In certain embodiments, the present disclosure relates to using the tools, systems and methods related to the end adapters and end setters described herein to enhance plant health. Healthier plants are desirable because they especially result in better yields and / or better quality of plants or crops, particularly better quality of the plant parts harvested. Healthier plants also tolerate biotic and / or abiotic stress better. High resistance to biotic stress, in turn, enables those skilled in the art to reduce the amount of pesticides applied, and therefore slows down the development of resistance to the corresponding pesticides.

[0236] Wherein, the yield increase can be characterized by the improvement of the following plant characteristics: plant weight increases; and / or plant height increases; and / or biomass increases, such as total fresh weight (FW) is higher; and / or the number of flowers per plant increases; and / or grain and / or fruit yield is higher; and / or tillers or lateral branches (branches) are more; and / or leaves are larger; and / or new shoot growth increases; and / or protein content increases; and / or oil content increases; and / or starch content increases; and / or pigment content increases; and / or chlorophyll content increases (chlorophyll content is positively correlated with the photosynthesis rate of the plant and accordingly, the higher the chlorophyll content, the higher the yield of the plant), the quality of the plant improves. According to the present disclosure, yield increases by at least 4%. Typically, yield increase can be even higher, such as 5% to 10%, such as 10% to 20%, or even 20% to 30%.

[0237] Another indicator of plant health is plant vigor. Plant vigor can be expressed in several ways, such as overall visual appearance. Another indicator of plant health is the "quality" of the plant and / or its products and / or the plant's tolerance or resistance to biotic and / or abiotic stress factors. Biotic and abiotic stresses, especially prolonged ones, can have detrimental effects on plants.

[0238] In some embodiments, the tip setters and / or tip adapters provided herein used in conjunction with suitable injection tools and systems can be used as part of a method for reducing disease of plants and / or plant parts or loss of harvested fruit or plant products caused by phytopathogenic fungi by controlling such phytopathogenic fungi, comprising applying the tip setters and / or tip adapters to the plants in conjunction with the injection tools, systems, agents / formulations or methods of the present disclosure. Advantageously, the present disclosure is used to control, prevent or treat the following fungal plant diseases selected from the group consisting of: Botrytis cinerea (sexual form: Botryotinia fuckeliana: gray mold) on fruits and berries (e.g., strawberries), rapeseed, grapevines, forestry plants; Ceratocystis (synonym Ophiostoma) (bark rot or wilt) on broadleaf and evergreen trees, for example, C. ulmi (Dutch elm disease) on elms; Cercospora (synonym Ophiostoma) on coffee. spp.) (cercospora leaf spot); Colletotrichum (sexual form: Glomerella) (anthracnose) on seedless small fruits; Cycloconium spp., e.g., C. oleaginum on olive trees; Cycloconium spp. on fruit trees, grapevines (e.g., C. liriodendri, sexual form: Neonectria liriodendri: blackfoot) and ornamentals (e.g., fruit tree canker or young vine decline, sexual form: Neonectria or Cypripedium); Esca (dieback, stroke) on grapevines, caused by Formitiporia (synonym: Lactobacillus), Cyanosporium mediterraneum, Phaeoacremonium chlamydospor ... aleophilum and / or Botryosphaeria obtuse; E. pyn on pome fruits, E. veneta (anthracnose) on seedless soft fruit, and E. veneta on grapevines.ampelina (anthracnose); Eutypa canker or dieback (asexual form: Cytosporina lata, synonym: Libertella blepharis) on fruit trees, grapevines, and ornamental woods; Fusarium (sexual form: Gibberella) (wilt, root rot, or stem rot) on a variety of plants; Glomerella cingulata on grapevines, pome fruits, and other plants; Guignardia bidwellii (black rot) on grapevines; Gymnosporangium spp. on rose plants and junipers, for example, G. sabinae (rust) on pears; Hemileia spp. spp., for example, H. vasterrix (coffee leaf rust) on coffee; large brown spot (synonym Cladosporium vitis) on grapevines; Monilinia spp., for example, M. taxa, M. fructicola, and M. fructigena (blossom and branch blight, brown rot) on stone fruits and other Rosaceae plants; Mycosphaerella spp., for example, M. fijiensis (black banana leaf spot) on bananas and small fruit; Phialophora spp., for example, P. tracheiphila and P. tetraspora on grapevines; Phomopsis spp., for example, P. viticola (vine blight and leaf spot) on grapevines; Phytophthora spp. on a variety of different plants. spp., wilt, root rot, leaf rot, fruit disease and stem rot) on broadleaved trees (e.g., P. ramorum (sudden oak death); Plasmopara spp., e.g., P. viticola (grapevine downy mildew) on grapevines; Podosphaera spp. (powdery mildew) on rosaceae, hops, pome fruits and soft fruits, e.g., P. leucotricha on apples; Pseudopezicula tracheiphila (red fire disease or rotbrenner, anamorph: Phialophora) on grapevines; Ramularia spp., e.g., R. collo-cygni (Physiological leaf spot) on barley and R.beticola; Rhizoctonia spp. on cotton, rice, potatoes, turf, corn, rapeseed, potatoes, sugar beets, vegetables, and a variety of other plants, for example, R. solani (root and stem rot) on soybeans, R. solani (shear blight) on rice, or R. cerealis (Rhizoctonia spring blight) on wheat or barley; Rhizopus stolonifer (black mold, soft rot) on grapevines; Uncinula necator (syn. Erysiphe necator) (powdery mildew, anamorph: Oidium tuckeri) on grapevines; Taphrina spp. spp.), for example, E. malformis (leaf curl) on peaches and T. pruni (plum bag fruit disease) on plums; Thielavia spp. (root black rot) on pome fruits; Venturia spp. (black scab) on apples (e.g., V. inaequalis) and Venturia spp. on pears; and / or Verticillium spp. (wilt) on a variety of plants (e.g., fruit and ornamental plants), grapevines, and soft fruit.

[0239] The disclosed subject matter is used to control, prevent or treat a disease selected from the group consisting of:

[0240] Apple diseases: blossom end rot (Monilinia mali), powdery mildew (Monilinia albicans), Alternaria leaf spot / Alternaria scab (Alternaria pathotype apple), scab (Venturia inaequalis), bitter rot (Colletotrichum acutatum), anthracnose (Colletotrieiium acutatum), rot (Valsaceratosperma), and / or crown rot (Phytophtora cactorum);

[0241] Pear diseases: scab (Venturia nashicola, V. pirina), black spot / purple spot (Alternaria pathotype Japanese pear), rust / frogeye spot (Gymnosporangium haraeanum), and / or phytophthora fruit rot (Phytophtora cactorum);

[0242] Peach diseases: brown rot (Monilinia fructicola), black spot / scab (Cladosporium carpophilum), and / or phomopsis rot (Phomopsis sp.);

[0243] Grape diseases: anthracnose (Cercocystis spp.), powdery mildew (Uncinula viticola), ripening rot (Glomerella cingulata), black rot (Guignardia bidwellii), downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola), rust (Phakopsora ampelopsidis), and / or gray mold (Botrytis cinerea).

[0244] Diseases of Japanese persimmon: Anthracnose (Gloeosporium kaki) and / or leaf spot (Cercospora kaki, Mycosphaerella nawae);

[0245] Cruciferous vegetable diseases: Alternaria japonica, Cercosporella brassicae, and / or downy mildew (Peronospora parasitica); rapeseed diseases: Cucumber sclerotinia sclerotiorum and / or gray leaf spot (Alternaria brassicae);

[0246] Rose diseases: black spot (Diplocarpon rosae) and / or powdery mildew (Sphaerothecapannosa);

[0247] Banana diseases: banana leaf spot (Mycosphaerella fijiensis, Mycosphaerella musicola, Pseudocercospora musae); and / or Colletotrichum musae, Armillaria mellea, Armillaria tabescens, Pseudomonas solanacearum, Phyllachora musicola, Mycosphaerella fijiensis, Rosellinia bunodes, Pseudomonas spp., Pestalotiopsis leprogena, Cercospora hayi, Pseudomonas solanacearum, Ceratocystis paradoxa, Verticillium theobromae, Trachysphaera fructigena, Cladosporium musae, Junghuhnia vincta, Cordana johnstonii, Cordana musae, Fusarium pallidoroseum, Colletotrichum musae, Verticillium theobromae, Fusarium spp., Acremonium spp., Deightoniella torulosa, Nattrassia mangiferae, Dreschslera gigantean, Guignardia musae, Botryosphaeria ribis, Fusarium solani, Nectria haematococca, Fusarium oxysporum, Rhizoctonia spp., Colletotrichum musae, Uredo musae, Uromyces musae, Acrodontium simplex, Curvularia eragrostidis, Drechslera musae-sapientum, Leptosphaeria musarum, Pestalotiopsis musarumdisseminate), Ceratocystis paradoxa, Haplobasidion musae, Marasmiellus inoderma, Pseudomonassolanacearum, Radopholus similis, Lasiodiplodiatheobromae, Fusarium pallidoroseum, Verticillium theobromae, Pestalotiopsis palmarum, Phaeoseptoria musae, Pyricularia grisea, Fusarium moniliforme, Gibberella fujikuroi, Erwinia carotovora, Erwinia chrysanthemi, Cylindrocarpon musae, Meloidogyne arenaria), Meloidogyne incognita, Meloidogyne javanica, Pratylenchus coffeae, Pratylenchus goodeyi, Pratylenchus brachyurus, Pratylenchus reniformia, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Nectria foliicola, Mycosphaerella musicola, Pseudocercospora musae, Limacinula tenuis, Mycosphaerella musae, Helicotylenchus multicinctus, Helicotylenchus dihystera, Nigrospora sphaerica, Trachysphaera frutigena, Ramichloridium musae, and Verticillium theobromae;

[0248] Diseases of citrus fruits: black spot (Diaporthe citri), scab (Elsinoe fawcetti) and / or fruit rot (Penicillium digitatum, P. italicum);

[0249] Tea plant diseases: rice disease (Exobasidium reticulatum), victory disease (Elsinoe leucospila), ring rot (Pestalotiopsis sp.), and anthracnose (Colletotrichum theaesinensis);

[0250] Palm tree diseases: bud rot, crown rot, red ring disease, Pudricion de Cogollo, lethal yellows;

[0251] Boxwood diseases: Boxwood blight fungus (Cylindrocladium buxicola, also known as Calonectria pseudonaviculata), Volutella buxi, and Fusarium buxicola.

[0252] The methods of the present disclosure can be used to reduce diseases caused by a wide variety of pests. The target insects can be selected from the following orders: Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Diptera, Thysanoptera, Hymenoptera, Orthoptera, Acarina, Siphonaptera, Thysanura, Chilopoda, Dermaptera, Phthiraptera, Hemiptera, Homoptera, Isoptera, and / or Aptero. Examples of such pests include, but are not limited to, arthropods, including, for example, Lepidoptera (e.g., Plutellidae, Noctuidae, Pyralidae, Tortricidae, Lyonetiidae, Carposinidae, Gelechiidae, Crambidae, Arctiidae, and / or Lymantriidae), Hemiptera (e.g., Cicadellidae, Delphacidae, Psyllidae, Aphididae, Aleyrodidas, Orthezidae, Miriidae), and / or The present invention also includes the following families: 1. The present invention also includes the following families: 1. The present invention also includes the following families: 2. The present invention also includes the following families: 3. The present invention also includes the following families: 4. The present invention also includes the following families: 5. The present invention also includes the following families: 6. The present invention also includes the following families: 7. The present invention also includes the following families: 8. The present invention also includes the following families: 9. The present invention also includes the following families: 10. The present invention also includes the following families:and / or Pyrgomorphidae), Thysanoptera (e.g., Thripidae, Aeolothripidae, and Merothripidae), Tylenchida (e.g., Aphelenchoididae and / or Neotylechidae), Collembola (e.g., Onychiurus and Isotomidae), Acarina (e.g., Tetranychidae, Dermanyssidae, Acaridae, and / or Sarcoptidae), ), Stylommatophora (e.g., Philomycidae and / or Bradybaenidae), Ascaridida (e.g., Ascaridida and / or Anisakidae), Opisthorchiida, Strigeiidae, Blattodea (e.g., Blaberidae, Cryptocercidae, and / or Panesthiidae), Thysanura (e.g., Lepismatidae, Lepidotrichidae, and / or Nicoletiidae), and / or Boxwood Moth / Boxtree Caterpillar (Cydalima perspectalis).

[0253] The present disclosure can also be used to combat bacterial pathogens that attack, consume (wholly or partially), or stunt the growth and / or development of a plant and / or act as a vector for the transmission of diseases caused by such bacterial pathogens to that plant and / or other plants. Bacterial pathogens can include Agrobacterium, Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Erwinia, Erwinia amylovora, Xanthomonas, Xanthomonas campestris, Pseudomonas, Pseudomonas syringae, Ralstonia solanacearum, Corynebacterium, Streptomyces, Streptomyces scabies, Actinobacteria, Mycoplasmas, Spiroplasmas, and / or Fitoplasmas.

[0254] The present disclosure may also be used to mitigate, control and / or eradicate viral pathogens that attack, (wholly or partially) consume, or hinder the growth and / or development of a plant and / or act as vectors for the transmission of such viral pathogens to the plant and / or other plants. Such viral pathogens may include: Carlaviridae, Closteroviridae, citrus fruit attacking viruses, Cucumoviridae, Ilarviridae, plum dwarf virus attacking, Luteoviridae, Nepoviridae, Potexviridae, Potyviridae, Tobamoviridae, Caulimoviridae, and other viruses that attack plants and crops.

[0255] Can use the compound of regulating plant growth to for example suppress the vegetative growth of plant.This inhibition growth has economic significance, for example, suppresses the growth of herbs and woody plants in the zone that does not need vigorous plant growth near the roadside and pipeline or overhead cable very generally.Inhibiting the growth of vegetative plants also can cause output to increase, and this is because nutrients and assimilates are more helpful in forming the vegetative parts of flowers and fruits rather than plants.Often, growth regulators can also be used to promote vegetative growth. This is very useful when gathering vegetative plant parts. Yet, promoting vegetative growth also may promote reproductive growth owing to forming more assimilates, thereby produces more or bigger fruit.

[0256] Using growth regulators can control the branching of plants. On the one hand, by breaking apical dominance, the development of secondary shoots can be promoted, which is particularly desirable in the cultivation of ornamental plants and is also combined with growth inhibition. However, on the other hand, the growth of secondary shoots can also be suppressed. This effect is particularly meaningful in, for example, tobacco cultivation or tomato cultivation. Under the influence of growth regulators, the amount of leaves on the plant can be controlled so that the plant can drop its leaves at the ideal time. This leaf drop plays an important role in the mechanical harvesting of cotton, and it is also meaningful to promote harvesting in other crops, for example, grape cultivation.

[0257] Growth regulators can also be used to accelerate or delay ripening of harvested plants before or after harvest. This is particularly advantageous because it allows for optimal adjustment to market demands. Furthermore, in some cases, growth regulators can improve fruit color. Furthermore, growth regulators can be used to concentrate ripening within a specific timeframe. This allows for mechanical or manual harvesting in a single operation (for example, in coffee).

[0258] By using growth regulators, it is also possible to influence the dormancy of seeds or buds of plants so that plants in a nursery (including pineapples or ornamental plants), for example, germinate, sprout or flower at a time when they are not normally prone to do so.

[0259] Furthermore, growth regulators can induce resistance in plants to frost, drought or high soil salinity. This allows the cultivation of plants in areas that would normally be unsuitable.

[0260] The compositions and / or formulations disclosed herein also exhibit a powerful strengthening effect in plants. Accordingly, they can be used to mobilize the defenses of plants against attack by harmful microorganisms. Plant strengthening (resistance-inducing) substances, as used herein, are understood to mean substances that stimulate the plant's defense system in such a way that the treated plants, when subsequently inoculated with undesirable microorganisms, exhibit a high degree of resistance to these microorganisms. The active compounds disclosed herein are also suitable for increasing crop yields. Furthermore, they exhibit reduced toxicity and good plant tolerance.

[0261] Further, in the context of the present disclosure, plant physiological effects include the following (all of which can be modulated by the compositions, methods, and devices provided herein):

[0262] Abiotic stress tolerance, including temperature tolerance, drought tolerance and recovery after drought stress, water use efficiency (related to reduced water use), flooding tolerance, ozone stress and UV tolerance, tolerance to heavy metals, salt, pesticides (safeners) and other chemicals, etc.

[0263] Biotic stress tolerance, including increased resistance to fungal diseases, increased resistance to nematodes, viruses, and bacteria.

[0264] Increase plant vitality (including plant health, plant quality, seed vitality), reduce stand failure, improve appearance, increase harvest rate, improve greening effect and improve photosynthesis efficiency.

[0265] Furthermore, the treatment according to the invention can reduce the mycotoxin content in the harvested plant material and in food and feed prepared therefrom.

[0266] In another embodiment of the present disclosure, tools, systems, compositions / formulations and methods are used to provide nutrient elements (such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) and mineral elements (including but not limited to silicon, calcium, magnesium and manganese) to plants.

Claims

1. A tip setter for mounting an injection tool to a plant part, wherein: The end setter includes: an arm, a handle, a locking unit, a sliding unit and a fixing claw. Wherein, the arm comprises: a first actuating end and a claw end; Wherein, the handle comprises: a second actuating end, a pivoting end and a sliding end; wherein the locking unit is connected to the pivot end of the handle; wherein the sliding unit is connected to the sliding end of the handle and is configured to slide between the locking unit and the claw end along the length of the arm and directly or indirectly receive the injection tool; wherein the fixing claw is connected to the claw end of the arm; and The sliding unit and the fixing jaw are configured to receive the plant part between the injection tool and the fixing jaw.

2. The tip setter according to claim 1, wherein: When the locking unit is in the adjustable mode, the locking unit is able to change position along the arm between the first actuation end and the jaw end, and when the locking unit is in the fixed mode, the locking unit is fixed on the arm at a position between the first actuation end and the jaw end.

3. The end tip setter according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein: When the first actuating end and the second actuating end are moved toward each other and the locking unit is locked at a certain position on the arm, the sliding unit is configured to slide along the length of the arm toward the claw end of the arm, thereby moving the injection tool toward the plant part with a force sufficient to penetrate the plant part.

4. The tip setter according to claim 1, wherein: The sliding unit is configured to directly receive the injection tool.

5. The tip setter according to claim 1, wherein: The sliding unit is configured to indirectly receive the injection tool.

6. The tip setter according to claim 5, wherein: The sliding unit is configured to receive a base for accommodating the injection tool.

7. The tip setter according to claim 5, wherein: The sliding unit is configured to receive a tip adapter coupled to the injection tool.

8. The tip setter according to claim 1, wherein: The diameter of this plant part ranges from 15 mm to 120 mm.

9. The tip setter according to claim 1, wherein: The locking unit is releasably connected to the arm between the first actuation end and the jaw end.

10. A method of using the tip setter according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the method comprising: (a) coupling the injection tool to the front end of the sliding unit; (b) placing the plant part between the injection tool and the fixing jaw; (c) pushing the sliding unit in a direction from the rear end of the arm to the front end of the arm to push the injection tool toward the plant part; (d) inserting at least a portion of the injection tool into the plant part; as well as (e) releasing the injection tool from the tip setter.

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