Coarse syngas purification and dust removal device and its fouling component

Abstract

The present invention discloses a scale accumulation assembly, which includes: a scale accumulation disk, which is a perforated plate-like structure; and a plurality of scale accumulation baskets, which are installed at the openings of the scale accumulation disk, each scale accumulation basket including: a sleeve, the bottom end of which is connected to the scale accumulation disk, the two layers of the sleeve wall being made of a mesh; a scale accumulation column, which is coaxially arranged at the lower part of the central channel of the sleeve, and the scale accumulation column moves up and down in the central channel along the axial direction, the column wall of the scale accumulation column being a mesh structure; and a cover plate, which is arranged on the top of the sleeve, the edge of the cover plate extending downward to form a guide plate. The present invention also discloses a crude synthesis gas purification and dust removal device. The present invention can achieve flexible matching of pressure drop and gas flow channel through the design of the sleeve and the movable scale accumulation column in the scale accumulation assembly. In the initial operation, the pressure drop of the device is low, the scale accumulation column is above the scale accumulation disk, and the scale accumulation basket can efficiently intercept particulate matter; in the final operation, the pressure drop of the device is high, the scale accumulation column moves down below the scale accumulation disk, and the pressure drop is alleviated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of gas dust removal, in particular to the technical field of purification and dust removal of coal-derived synthesis gas, and in particular to a crude synthesis gas purification and dust removal device and a fouling component thereof. Background Art

[0002] Methanol is an important organic chemical raw material and high-quality fuel, widely used in fine chemicals, plastics, pharmaceuticals, and forest product processing. The industrial production of synthetic methanol uses solids (such as coal and coke), liquids (such as crude oil, heavy oil, and light oil), or gases (such as natural gas and other combustible gases) as raw materials. Through gasification, purification (desulfurization), conversion, and carbon dioxide removal, synthesis gas (syngas) is prepared with a specific ratio. Using different catalysts and process conditions, methanol can be produced alone (through high-, medium-, and low-pressure methods) or co-produced with synthetic ammonia (through the combined methanol method). The crude methanol produced is pre-distilled to remove dimethyl ether, and then distilled to produce finished methanol.

[0003] With the transformation of my country's energy and chemical industry, coal chemical industry has developed rapidly, and the technology of producing methanol from coal-based synthesis gas has been widely used. Because coal contains some non-combustible and incompletely converted particulate matter, the synthesis gas needs to be dusted and purified when entering the synthesis gas sulfur-tolerant shift reactor. The particulate matter entrained in coal-based synthesis gas has complex composition and different particle sizes, which poses a huge challenge to the selection of downstream dust removal equipment and processes. Currently, most coal synthesis gas purification and dust removal equipment faces problems such as rapid pressure drop increase rate, short operating cycle, and inability to effectively intercept arsenic, which affects the safe and stable operation of enterprises and causes serious economic losses. Therefore, how to design the internal component structure of the synthesis gas dust removal reactor, optimize the adsorbent grading scheme, and achieve efficient dust and impurity removal of the synthesis gas is of great significance for protecting the catalyst in the downstream synthesis gas sulfur-tolerant shift reactor and extending the operation cycle of the equipment.

[0004] The information disclosed in this background technology section is only intended to enhance understanding of the overall background of the invention and should not be regarded as an admission or any form of suggestion that the information constitutes the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] One of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a crude synthesis gas purification and dust removal device and a fouling component thereof, thereby improving the problem that the existing dust removal, purification and dust removal device cannot operate stably for a long period of time.

[0006] Another object of the present invention is to provide a crude synthesis gas purification and dust removal device and a fouling assembly thereof, thereby improving the impurity interception capability of the existing dust removal, purification and dust removal device.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned object, according to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a scale accumulation assembly, comprising: a scale accumulation disk, which is a perforated plate-like structure; and a plurality of scale accumulation baskets, which are installed at the openings of the scale accumulation disk, each scale accumulation basket comprising: a sleeve, the bottom end of which is connected to the scale accumulation disk, the two layers of the sleeve wall being made of a screen; a scale accumulation column, which is coaxially arranged at the lower part of the central channel of the sleeve, the scale accumulation column moves up and down in the central channel along the axial direction, the column wall of the scale accumulation column being a mesh structure; and a cover plate, which is arranged on the top of the sleeve, the edge of the cover plate extending downward to form a guide plate.

[0008] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the diameter of the fouling column is equal to the diameter of the central channel, or the diameter of the fouling column is 1-2 mm smaller than the diameter of the central channel.

[0009] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the top of the fouling column is connected to the cover plate through a suspension spring.

[0010] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the diameter of the fouling column is 120~320 mm; the diameter of the suspension spring is 15~250 mm, the length is 120~320 mm, and the elastic coefficient is 6~50 N / mm.

[0011] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, when the fouling column is at the highest position, the lower end of the fouling column is flush with the bottom end of the sleeve; when the fouling column is at the lowest position, the upper end of the fouling column is lower than the fouling disk.

[0012] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the distance between the top end of the sleeve and the cover plate is 20~350mm.

[0013] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the mesh holes of the cylinder wall and the column wall are circular or polygonal; and the mesh number is 3 to 15.

[0014] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the annular space of the sleeve and the fouling column are filled with adsorbent.

[0015] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the shape of the adsorbent is one or more of a sphere, a cylinder, a clover, a four-leaf clover, a four-impeller, a bird's nest and a five-tooth ball.

[0016] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the particle size of the adsorbent filled in the annular space decreases from top to bottom; the particle size of the adsorbent filled in the fouling column is equal to or smaller than the minimum particle size of the adsorbent filled in the annular space.

[0017] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the upper part of the annular space is filled with an adsorbent with a particle size of 10~25mm and a porosity of 45~65%; the middle part of the annular space is filled with an adsorbent with a particle size of 6~15mm and a porosity of 30~45%; and the lower part of the annular space is filled with an adsorbent with a particle size of 2~10mm and a porosity of 10~30%.

[0018] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the mass content of aluminum oxide in the adsorbent is 50% to 90%.

[0019] According to the second aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a crude synthesis gas purification and dust removal device, which includes: a main body, which is a cylindrical structure, with an air inlet on the upper part of the main body and an air outlet on the lower part; a fouling component such as any one of the above technical solutions, the fouling disk is connected to the upper head of the main body, and the fouling column moves up and down with the fluctuation of pressure drop; and an adsorbent layer, which is located below the fouling component.

[0020] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, when the pressure drop of the device is greater than or equal to the set pressure drop value, the upper end of the fouling column is lower than the fouling disk.

[0021] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the particle size of the adsorbent filled in the adsorbent layer decreases from top to bottom.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has one or more of the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. The design of the sleeve and movable fouling column in the fouling assembly enables flexible matching of pressure drop and gas flow channels. In the initial stage of operation, the unit pressure drop is low, the fouling column is above the fouling plate, and the fouling basket can effectively intercept particulate matter. At the end of operation, the unit pressure drop is high, the fouling column moves below the fouling plate, and the internal channels of the fouling basket are completely opened, reducing the pressure drop. Ultimately, a flexible match between pressure drop and interception capacity is achieved, allowing for graded, zoned, and time-based interception of foulants in the crude syngas, maximizing protection of the sulfur-tolerant shift catalyst in the downstream unit from contamination and extending the unit's operating cycle.

[0024] 2. The particle size of the adsorbent filled in the sleeve of the fouling basket decreases from top to bottom, so that the upper part of the sleeve can effectively intercept large-sized scale and deposit it on the fouling disc, thereby preventing large-sized scale from directly contacting the adsorbent bed and causing a rapid increase in the pressure drop of the device; the lower part is filled with adsorbent with smaller particle size, which can further intercept small-sized scale, maximize the protection of downstream adsorbents, and extend the operation cycle of the device.

[0025] 3. The fouling basket is filled with adsorbents of different particle sizes, porosities and functions, so that feed impurities can be intercepted at graded depths as needed. It can also remove metal impurities in the synthesis gas to avoid catalyst poisoning in downstream units or substandard product quality.

[0026] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present invention and to implement it according to the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other purposes, technical features and advantages of the present invention easier to understand, one or more preferred embodiments are listed below and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of a fouling assembly according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional view of a scale basket according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the scale column is at a higher position.

[0029] Figure 3 FIG. 4 is another schematic cross-sectional view of a scale basket according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the scale column is at a lower position.

[0030] Figure 4 3 is a schematic top view of a sleeve according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of a crude synthesis gas purification and dust removal device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Description of main reference numerals:

[0033] 10-body, 11-air inlet, 12-air outlet, 13-upper head, 14-lower head, 20-scale assembly, 21-scale disc, 22-scale basket, 221-sleeve, 2211-inner screen, 2212-outer screen, 222-scale column, 223-suspension spring, 224-cover plate, 225-guide plate, 226-connector, 227-mounting plate, 31-first adsorbent, 32-second adsorbent, 40-adsorbent layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments.

[0035] Unless expressly stated otherwise, throughout the specification and claims, the term “comprise” or variations such as “include” or “comprising” will be understood to include the stated elements or components but not to exclude other elements or components.

[0036] In this document, for ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "below," "beneath," "below," "above," "above," etc. may be used to describe the relationship of one element or feature to another element or feature in the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the object in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the drawings. For example, if the object in the drawings is turned over, the element described as being "below" or "beneath" other elements or features will be oriented "above" the elements or features. Therefore, the exemplary term "below" can include both below and above. Objects may also have other orientations (rotated 90 degrees or other orientations) and the spatially relative terms used herein should be interpreted accordingly.

[0037] In this document, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used to distinguish two different elements or parts, and are not used to limit specific positions or relative relationships. In other words, in some embodiments, the terms "first", "second", etc. can also be interchangeable with each other.

[0038] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the scale assembly 20 according to a specific embodiment of the present invention includes a scale tray 21 and a plurality of scale baskets 22 arranged thereon. The scale tray 21 is provided with a plurality of openings, and a scale basket 22 is installed corresponding to each opening. Each scale basket 22 includes a sleeve 221, the bottom end of the sleeve 221 is connected to the scale tray 21, and the two layers of the sleeve 221 are respectively an inner screen 2211 and an outer screen 2212. The inner screen 2211 is surrounded by a central channel, and an annular space is formed between the inner screen 2211 and the outer screen 2212. The scale column 222 is coaxially arranged at the lower part of the central channel of the sleeve 221. The scale column 222 can move up and down in the central channel along the axial direction. The column wall of the scale column 222 is a mesh structure. The top of the sleeve 221 is covered with a cover plate 224, and the edge of the cover plate 224 extends downward to form a guide plate 225. Illustratively, a mounting plate 227 is provided at the lower end of the sleeve 221 , and the dirt basket 22 is mounted on the dirt tray 21 through the mounting plate 227 , for example, by bolts or other connecting members, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0039] Furthermore, in one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the diameter of the fouling column 222 may be equal to the diameter of the central channel. Alternatively, for ease of installation and movement, the diameter of the fouling column 222 may be slightly smaller than the diameter of the central channel. For example, the diameter of the fouling column 222 may be 1 to 2 mm smaller than the diameter of the central channel. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0040] Furthermore, in one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the top end of the fouling column 222 is connected to the cover plate 224 via a suspension spring 223 , and the fouling column 222 moves up and down as the suspension spring 223 extends and contracts.

[0041] Furthermore, in one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the diameter of the fouling column 222 may be 120-320 mm; the diameter of the suspension spring 223 may be 15-250 mm; the length of the suspension spring 223 may be 120-320 mm; and the elastic coefficient of the suspension spring 223 may be 6-50 N / mm. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to this.

[0042] Further, in one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention, when the fouling column 222 is at the highest position, the lower end of the fouling column 222 is flush with the bottom end of the sleeve 221; when the fouling column 222 is at the lowest position, the upper end of the fouling column 222 is lower than the fouling disk 21.

[0043] Furthermore, in one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the distance between the top end of the sleeve 221 and the cover plate 224 is 20 to 350 mm to serve as a flow passage.

[0044] Furthermore, in one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the mesh openings of the cylinder wall of the sleeve 221 (i.e., the inner screen 2211 and the outer screen 2212) and the cylinder wall of the scale column 222 are circular, square, rectangular, or other polygonal. The mesh openings of the cylinder wall of the sleeve 221 (i.e., the inner screen 2211 and the outer screen 2212) and the cylinder wall of the scale column 222 can range from 3 to 15 meshes.

[0045] Further, in one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the annular space of the sleeve 221 and the fouling column 222 are filled with adsorbent. Exemplarily, the shape of the adsorbent can be one or more of a sphere, a cylinder, a clover, a four-leaf clover, a four-impeller, a bird's nest and a five-tooth ball. Further, in one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the particle size of the adsorbent filled in the annular space of the sleeve 221 decreases from top to bottom; the particle size of the adsorbent filled in the fouling column 222 is equal to or smaller than the minimum particle size of the adsorbent filled in the annular space. Exemplarily, the upper part of the annular space is filled with an adsorbent with a particle size of 10 to 25 mm and a void ratio of 45 to 65%; the middle part of the annular space is filled with an adsorbent with a particle size of 6 to 15 mm and a void ratio of 30 to 45%; the lower part of the annular space is filled with an adsorbent with a particle size of 2 to 10 mm and a void ratio of 10 to 30%. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to this. Reference Figures 2 and 3As shown, the scale basket 22 can be filled with two adsorbents: a first adsorbent 31 in the upper annular space, and a second adsorbent 32 in the lower annular space and within the scale column 222. The particle size of the first adsorbent 31 is 10-20 mm, and the particle size of the second adsorbent 32 is 2-10 mm. Furthermore, in one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the mass content of alumina in the adsorbent is 50%-90%, preferably 60%-80%. The adsorbent can be an industrial adsorbent, such as the FBN and FZC series adsorbents developed by Sinopec Fushun Petrochemical Research Institute. Alternatively, it can be made from alumina powder using various molds.

[0046] Combine Figure 5 As shown, the crude synthesis gas purification and dust removal device in one or more embodiments of the present invention includes a cylindrical body 10, and the body 10 includes an upper head 13 and a lower head 14. The upper part of the body 10 is provided with an air inlet 11, and the lower part is provided with an air outlet 12. The fouling assembly 20 is arranged at the upper part of the body 10, and the fouling disc 21 is connected to the upper head 13 of the body 10. The fouling column 222 moves up and down with the fluctuation of the pressure drop of the device. An adsorbent layer 40 is provided below the fouling assembly 20. The adsorbent layer 40 can be filled with a variety of adsorbents in layers, and the particle size of the adsorbent in the adsorbent layer 40 decreases from top to bottom. For example, in order to facilitate installation and transportation, the fouling disc 21 can be assembled from perforated strip plates, but the present invention is not limited to this.

[0047] Furthermore, in one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention, when the device pressure drop is greater than or equal to a set pressure drop value, the upper end of the fouling column 222 is lower than the fouling disk 21. For example, the set pressure drop value may be 0.25-0.50 MPa.

[0048] The present invention is described in more detail below using specific examples, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited thereto. The feed gas used in the Examples and Comparative Examples is coal-derived crude syngas, the properties of which are shown in Table 1. The main properties of the different types of adsorbents involved are shown in Table 2. The reaction conditions are shown in Table 3. The process evaluation conditions for all Examples and Comparative Examples are the same, as shown in Table 3.

[0049] Table 1 Composition of raw gas

[0050] Syngas composition <![CDATA[H2,v%]]> 47.5 CO, v% 45.0 <![CDATA[CO2,v%]]> 3.2 <![CDATA[H2O,v%]]> 2.8 <![CDATA[CH4,v%]]> 1.0 Others, v% 0.5 <![CDATA[Ash content, mg / Nm 3 > 5.0 Arsenic, ppm 80.5

[0051] Table 2 Main properties of adsorbents

[0052] project FBN-03B02 FBN-03B03 FBN-03B04 FBN-03B06 FBN-03B07 PAS-10 Pore volume, ml / g 0.10~0.25 0.10~0.25 0.10~0.25 0.10~0.25 0.10~0.25 0.10~0.25 <![CDATA[Surface area, m 2 / m 3 > ≮1400 ≮1400 ≮1400 ≮1400 ≮1400 ≮1400 shape Bird's Nest Bird's Nest Bird's Nest Bird's Nest Bird's Nest Flake Particle size, mm 18.0~22.0 14.0~18.0 11.5~14.5 6.0~8.0 3.0~5.0 4~5 Strength, N / grain >200 >150 >90 >30 >15 >50

[0053] Table 3 Reaction conditions

[0054] Inlet pressure, MPa 3.2 <![CDATA[Gas / Adsorbent, h -1 > 10000 Adsorbent bed temperature, °C 200 <![CDATA[Syngas feed rate, Nm 3 / h]]> 450000 Run time, days 200

[0055] Example 1

[0056] In this example, the crude syngas purification and dust removal apparatus of the present invention was used to remove dust from raw coal-derived syngas, the composition of which is shown in Table 1. The upper portion of the annular space was filled with adsorbent FBN-03B03, while the lower portion of the annular space and the scale column were filled with adsorbent FBN-03B06. The adsorbent layers were filled with adsorbents FBN-03B04, FBN-03B06, and PAS-10, respectively, in a ratio of 3:2:1, from top to bottom. The properties of each adsorbent are shown in Table 2. A 200-day evaluation experiment was conducted according to the process conditions shown in Table 3.

[0057] Example 2

[0058] In this example, the crude syngas purification and dust removal apparatus of the present invention was used to remove dust from the raw coal-derived syngas, the composition of which is shown in Table 1. The upper portion of the annular space was filled with adsorbent FBN-03B04, while the lower portion of the annular space and the scale column were filled with adsorbent FBN-03B07. The adsorbent layer was filled with adsorbents FBN-03B03, FBN-03B06, and PAS-10, respectively, in a ratio of 3:2:1, from top to bottom. The properties of each adsorbent are shown in Table 2. A 200-day evaluation experiment was conducted according to the process conditions shown in Table 3.

[0059] Example 3

[0060] In this example, the crude syngas purification and dust removal apparatus of the present invention was used to remove dust from the raw coal-derived syngas, the composition of which is shown in Table 1. The upper portion of the annular space was filled with adsorbent FBN-03B02, while the lower portion of the annular space and the scale column were filled with adsorbent FBN-03B07. The adsorbent layers were filled with adsorbents FBN-03B02, FBN-03B06, and PAS-10, respectively, in a ratio of 3:2:1, from top to bottom. The properties of each adsorbent are shown in Table 2. A 200-day evaluation experiment was conducted according to the process conditions shown in Table 3.

[0061] Example 4

[0062] In this example, the crude syngas purification and dust removal apparatus of the present invention was used to remove dust from the raw coal-derived syngas, the composition of which is shown in Table 1. The upper portion of the annular space was filled with adsorbent FBN-03B02, while the lower portion of the annular space and the scale column were filled with adsorbent FBN-03B07. The adsorbent layer was filled with adsorbents FBN-03B02, FBN-03B06, and PAS-10, respectively, in a 3:1:1 ratio from top to bottom. The properties of each adsorbent are shown in Table 2. A 200-day evaluation experiment was conducted according to the process conditions shown in Table 3.

[0063] Comparative Example 1

[0064] The crude synthesis gas purification and dust removal device of this comparative example eliminated the fouling component in Example 1, and other conditions and settings were the same as those in Example 1. An evaluation experiment was conducted for 200 days according to the process conditions in Table 3.

[0065] Comparative Example 2

[0066] The crude synthesis gas purification and dust removal device of this comparative example eliminated the fouling component in Example 2, and other conditions and settings were the same as those in Example 2. An evaluation experiment was conducted for 200 days according to the process conditions in Table 3.

[0067] Comparative Example 3

[0068] The crude synthesis gas purification and dust removal device of this comparative example eliminated the fouling component in Example 3, and other conditions and settings were the same as those in Example 3. An evaluation experiment was conducted for 200 days according to the process conditions in Table 3.

[0069] Comparative Example 4

[0070] The crude synthesis gas purification and dust removal device of this comparative example eliminated the fouling component in Example 4, and other conditions and settings were the same as those in Example 4. An evaluation experiment was conducted for 200 days according to the process conditions in Table 3.

[0071] Table 4 shows the experimental results for various examples and comparative examples. It demonstrates that the crude syngas purification and dust removal device and its fouling assembly of the present invention effectively reduce the device's pressure drop, thereby extending the device's operating cycle. Furthermore, by rationally grading various adsorbents, the metallic arsenic content in the purified syngas can be reduced, ensuring efficient and stable operation of downstream devices. For example, using the adsorbent grading described in Example 4, after 200 days of continuous operation, the device achieved a pressure drop of 0.03 MPa and a syngas arsenic content of only 0.5 ppm.

[0072] Table 4 Experimental results of examples and comparative examples

[0073] project Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 3 Comparative Example 4 Reactor pressure drop (200 days), MPa 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.03 0.45 0.50 0.48 0.55 Arsenic content in synthesis gas, ppm 1.0 1.2 1.3 0.5 15.2 14.6 12.3 17.8

[0074] The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention are for purposes of illustration and description. These descriptions are not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and it is apparent that many changes and variations are possible in light of the foregoing teachings. The exemplary embodiments are selected and described for the purpose of explaining the specific principles of the invention and their practical application, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to realize and utilize a variety of exemplary embodiments of the invention and various options and variations. Any simple modifications, equivalent variations, and modifications made to the exemplary embodiments described above are intended to fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fouling component, characterized in that: Used for raw synthesis gas purification and dust removal, and to alleviate pressure drop at the end of operation, including: a scale tray, which is an open-hole plate-like structure; and A plurality of dirt collection baskets are mounted at the openings of the dirt collection tray, each of the dirt collection baskets comprising: A sleeve, the bottom end of which is connected to the dirt collecting disk, and the two walls of the sleeve are made of screen; a scale column coaxially disposed at the lower portion of the central channel of the sleeve, the scale column axially moving up and down within the central channel, the column wall of the scale column being a mesh structure; the diameter of the scale column being equal to the diameter of the central channel, or slightly smaller than the diameter of the central channel; when the scale column is in its highest position, the lower end of the scale column is flush with the bottom end of the sleeve; when the scale column is in its lowest position, the upper end of the scale column is lower than the scale disc; and A cover plate is provided on the top of the sleeve, and the edge of the cover plate extends downward to form a guide plate; the top of the dirt accumulation column is connected to the cover plate through a suspension spring; The annular space of the sleeve and the fouling column are filled with adsorbent; the particle size of the adsorbent filled in the annular space decreases from top to bottom; the particle size of the adsorbent filled in the fouling column is equal to or smaller than the minimum particle size of the adsorbent filled in the annular space.

2. The fouling assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that The diameter of the fouling column is 1-2 mm smaller than the diameter of the central channel.

3. The fouling assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that The diameter of the fouling column is 120-320 mm; the elastic coefficient of the suspension spring is 6-50 N / mm.

4. The fouling assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that The distance between the top end of the sleeve and the cover plate is 20-350 mm.

5. The fouling assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that The meshes of the cylinder wall and the column wall are circular or polygonal, and the mesh number is 3 to 15.

6. The fouling assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that The adsorbent has an appearance of one or more of a sphere, a cylinder, a clover, a four-leaf clover, a four-leaf wheel, and a bird's nest.

7. The fouling assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that The upper part of the annular space is filled with an adsorbent with a particle size of 10-25 mm and a void ratio of 45-65%; the middle part of the annular space is filled with an adsorbent with a particle size of 6-15 mm and a void ratio of 30-45%; the lower part of the annular space is filled with an adsorbent with a particle size of 2-10 mm and a void ratio of 10-30%.

8. A crude synthesis gas purification and dust removal device, characterized in that: include: The main body is a cylindrical structure, with an air inlet at the upper portion and an air outlet at the lower portion; The fouling assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the fouling disc is connected to the upper head of the body, and the fouling column moves up and down with the fluctuation of the pressure drop; and An adsorbent layer is located below the fouling component.

9. The crude synthesis gas purification and dust removal device according to claim 8, characterized in that: When the pressure drop of the device is greater than or equal to the set pressure drop value, the upper end of the fouling column is lower than the fouling disk.

10. The crude synthesis gas purification and dust removal device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The particle size of the adsorbent filled in the adsorbent layer decreases from top to bottom.

Images