The present invention relates to a method of generating a
producer gas (Synthesis gas -
syngas) from carbon contained feedstock. The method is a three-stage gasification, including pre-gasification -
pyrolysis; gasification of
pyrolysis vapor-gas mixture; gasification of
solid fuels. As feedstock can be used any carbon contained feedstock like
Refuse Derived Fuel (
RDF),
medical waste,
agricultural waste, tires, automobile shredder residue (ASR or car-fluff), residues and waste materials,
biomass such as
straw, wood or grass, but also from the biogenic
solid or
liquid waste resulting from the
food industry,
sewage sludge from waste
water treatment, spent high-salt solutions from wood pulping, known as
black liquor, and products from animal carcass
processing, such as animal
meal. Method for three-stage gasification from carbon contained feedstock, including gasification processes preceded by reduction of
water content, pre-gasification -
pyrolysis of the pre-dried and optionally ground feedstock, at a pressure that is lower or higher than atmospheric; after the gasification process, the gas is cooled; the process of pre-gasification - pyrolysis takes place at temperatures between 240 and 900 °C, at a pressure that is lower or higher than atmospheric; gasification processes take place at temperatures between 800 and 2200 °C, at pressures that are lower or higher than atmospheric; the required amount of
oxygen for the gasification process is introduced by adding air or mixture
pure oxygen and
water vapor and / or other
inert component in gas form, like CO2 etc.; the gasification fluid from the gasification stage can be used alone or in combination with other gases, as a heater - heating agent in the preceding pre-gasification stage - pyrolysis; the
waste heat from the gasification processes can be used to generate low or highpressure and / or preheated steam and / or for preheating the air needed for gasification, and / or for heat recuperation for pyrolysis agent, in several steps of agent preheating; the products from pre-gasification - pyrolysis: a vapor-gas mixture and a
solid phase -
charcoal or
coke can be used alone or in combination as a fuel in the gasification stage;
granulation of pyrolysis
solid product -
coke or
charcoal, alone or whit some additives like heavy tars from gasification and / or with small fraction of feeding materials, with low temperature
melting point like small plastic particles etc.; direct continuous or periodic gasification of pyrolysis vapors with air or air / steam or
oxygen / steam or
oxygen / CO2 in the burner on gasifier; direct continuous or periodic gasification of carbon granules with air or air / steam or oxygen / steam or oxygen / Co2 in the stationary
bed in gasifier; all gases from pyrolysis vapor gasification or pyrolysis vapors itself pass through heated to high temperatures carbon granules, located on stationary
bed of gasifier