209results about How to "High heat transfer rate" patented technology

An inner rotor (21) is arranged as a motor field, including permanent magnets (25) embedded in an inner rotor core (24) and an inner rotor shaft (26) coupled with the inner rotor core. An outer rotor (22) is arranged as a motor armature, including a hollow armature core (36), plurality of windings (37), two side flanges (38, 39), and an outer rotor shaft (40) coupled with one of the side flanges. The inner rotor is rotatably supported inside the outer rotor, and both rotors are rotatably supported inside a stationary motor enclosure (23). Electric current is conducted to the windings of the armature via brushes (58) and sliprings (59). The interaction between a revolving electromagnetic field of the outer rotor and the permanent magnetic field of the inner rotor propels both rotors to rotate in opposite directions. Two axial fans (82, 83) integrated with the outer rotor side flanges and two axial fans (95, 96) coupled with the inner rotor shaft work in series and produce continuous internal close-loop air circulation between both rotors and between the outer rotor and the motor enclosure, for improving the rate of heat transmission from the rotors to the motor enclosure. If the outer rotor is selectively immobilized, the two inner rotor axial fans produce the internal close-loop air circulation.

A system and process are disclosed for the controlled combustion of a wide variety of hydrocarbon feedstocks to produce thermal energy, liquid fuels, and other valuable products with little or no emissions. The hydrocarbon feeds, such as coal and biomass, are first gasified and then oxidized in a two-chamber system/process using pure oxygen rather than ambient air. A portion of the intermediate gases generated in the system/process are sent to a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis process for conversion into diesel fuel and other desired liquid hydrocarbons. The remaining intermediate gases are circulated and recycled through each of the gasification/oxidation chambers in order to maximize energy production. The energy produced through the system/process is used to generate steam and produce power through conventional steam turbine technology. In addition to the release of heat energy, the hydrocarbon fuels are oxidized to the pure product compounds of water and carbon dioxide, which are subsequently purified and marketed. The system/process minimizes environmental emissions.

Methods of separating fluids using capillary forces and/or improved conditions for are disclosed. The improved methods may include control of the ratio of gas and liquid Reynolds numbers relative to the Suratman number. Also disclosed are wick-containing, laminated devices that are capable of separating fluids.

A fluid heat exchanger assembly cools an electronic device with a cooling fluid supplied from a heat extractor (R, F) to a plurality of tubes extending between header tanks in an upper portion of a housing. A refrigerant is disposed in the lower portion of the housing for liquid-to-vapor transformation. The tubes are radially flexible to vary the volume of the tubes for modulating the flow of coolant liquid through the tubes in response to heat transferred by an electronic device to the lower portion of the housing.

Solar electricity generation methods and apparatus are disclosed. In one general aspect, a solar cell is positioned to receive concentrated solar radiation and convert part of it into electricity and part of it into heat. A first heat exchanger is thermally coupled to the solar cell and includes microchannels that have a cross-sectional dimension to the center of the channel that is about equal to or less than the thermal boundary layer thickness for a working fluid. The heat exchanger transfers heat from the photovoltaic solar cell to the working fluid in the microchannels, and a second heat exchanger can then receive the transferred heat via a conduit. This heat can be used to generate additional electricity.

A window and cooling plenum for use with x-ray devices. The x-ray device includes an x-ray tube at least partially immersed in coolant contained within a reservoir. The coolant is continuously circulated through the reservoir by an external cooling unit. The window is brazed into a vacuum enclosure of the x-ray tube and includes a plurality of extended surfaces that are integral with the window. A compensating window is also provided and is disposed substantially proximate to the extended surfaces of the window so that a fluid passageway is defined. The compensating window and window are substantially enclosed within a cooling plenum having fluid inlet and outlet connections in fluid communication with the fluid passageway and the reservoir. A flow of coolant generated by the external cooling unit enters the fluid passageway so that the coolant is able to absorb heat dissipated by the window. Upon exiting the fluid passageway, the coolant returns to the reservoir to repeat the cycle. In addition to facilitating definition of the fluid passageway, the compensating window includes extended surfaces and slots which serve to attenuate differences in the intensity of x-rays emitted through the extended surfaces and slots of the window. By ensuring that the x-rays ultimately emitted from the x-ray device are of substantially uniform intensity, the compensating window serves to maintain the quality of diagnostic images produced by the x-ray device.

A self-actuating and self regulation heat exchange system comprising: evaporator 16, condenser 34, bladder sub-system 42, phase-change fluid 24 and connecting tubes, is a device and an apparatus useful to transport thermal energy from a relatively hot zone to a relatively cold zone, over distance, and around or through obstructions. The bladder sub system, consisting of an expandable bladder and two one-way check-valves, utilizes the pressure difference in the system created during evaporation and condensation to make the phase-change fluid circulate inside the closed loop system, transferring thermal energy from evaporator to condenser. The operation of the device is self started, self regulated and the device is almost independent of gravity, and the orientation.

The present invention discloses improved methods of making chocolates utilizing fast and aggressive cooling to form a set chocolate, chocolate products produced using same and cooling systems and apparatuses for performing same. The resultant rapidly cooled chocolate has many improved properties including enhanced gloss, improved bloom resistance and hardness. Moreover, the rapid cooling allows for the improved retention of fine detail and/or decoration on the chocolate product. The rapid cooling can be achieved without the use of chilled plungers or cold molds, but instead utilizes increased convective heat transfer coefficients and/or lower operating temperatures. The melted chocolate composition set by the rapid cooling can be of conventional temper, low temper or ultra-low temper chocolate and still result in a stable finished chocolate product allowing for the use of lower fat content formulations.Another aspect of the invention relates to a method of using a controlled humidity environment in a rewarm zone after the cooling zone to form a thermally robust chocolate product having enhanced resistance to heat abuse, yet which still has good gloss.

A molding system includes a single molding machine, or station, having one or more molds therein, wherein the single machine, or station, is operable to both heat and cool the material present within the one or more molds while rotating the mold. The single machine, or station, can also be loaded with starting material and unloaded directly at the machine.

Two sensible thermal energy storage (STES) systems in multiple chambers containing molten eutectic salts have been devised for use at temperatures above 565° C. For the first type, the thermal energy of low specific heat of an immiscible gaseous heat transfer fluid (HTF) at temperatures above 900° C. is readily converted to dispatchable heat of high specific heat in the molten eutectic salt liquid layers operating at high temperatures, which can again produce a gaseous HTF at a constant temperature of 700° C. or higher for the lower electricity generation capacities. For the second type, the molten eutectic salt liquids are used as a thermal energy storage (TES) medium and also a HTF at temperatures above 700° C. for the higher electricity generation capacities. These STES systems provide an effective cushion against the disturbances of heat supply from the sun.

The present invention provides a heat exchanger including a heat exchange panel configured to form an exterior surface of the vehicle (e.g. an aircraft), the heat exchange panel having at least a portion made of a thermally conductive material, and one or more vortex generators protruding from the exterior surface and configured to direct airflow to particular areas on the aircraft, which may then prevent large scale airflow separation. The vortex generator also improves the surface mixing of air flowing over the exterior surface of the heat exchange panel.

A thermal recovery method employing an electrical pre-heating method to condition the hydrocarbon-bearing formation as a means of improving recovery when steam injection is later applied. In addition, a method of comparing the applied electrical flux and resulting temperature profile to determine the heat transfer properties of each of a plurality of reservoir regions along the length of a horizontal well is disclosed. Advantageously, the heat flux supplied to each of the regions may be varied relative to each other region to compensate for different thermal transfer properties which may exist in the formation within each of the regions. Such controlled variation in thermal energy transfer, compensating for variances in fluid mobility and thermal properties in the reservoir allows for a more even steam chamber development and therefore optimized oil recovery.

A plasmapheresis centrifuge bowl comprises a ring-shaped dynamic sealing assembly having a ring-shaped static frictional assembly and a ring-shaped rotary frictional upper cover, both of which have a sealing surface. A dynamic seal can be provided between the contacting portions of the sealing surfaces of the ring-shaped static frictional assembly and the ring-shaped rotary frictional upper cover. The ring-shaped static frictional assembly comprises a ring-shaped ceramic piece. A ring-shaped frictional area is provided on the ring-shaped rotary frictional upper cover, and the heat transfer rate of the ring-shaped frictional area is less than the heat transfer rate of the ring-shaped ceramic piece. When the plasmapheresis centrifuge bowl of the present invention is operated to treat the blood, the heat generated by the friction can be conducted and dissipated into the air via the ring-shaped ceramic piece. As a result, the rise in the temperature of the plasmapheresis due to the frictional heat can be effectively avoided.

This invention relates to biomass pyrolysis through the use of a hot liquid refinery feedstock as a heat transfer medium, preferably a vacuum gas oil feedstock.

A plug tool for forming internally helically ribbed tube comprises a plug body for being rotatably disposed in a die orifice of a drawing die. The plug body has a central longitudinal axis, a plurality of external grooves equally spaced about the axis and a plurality of external lands in alternating arrangement with the grooves. The grooves extend along the plug body at a helix angle to the axis. Each groove has a normal cross-section defined by a root surface and opposing flank surfaces extending angularly outwardly from the root surface to adjacent land surfaces. The flank surfaces extend angularly outwardly from the root surface in opposite directions at different angles from one another. A method for forming internally helically ribbed tube involves drawing a length of tubing over the plug body rotatably disposed in a die orifice of a drawing die and constricting the tubing in the drawing die to force the tubing into the grooves of the plug body to form a plurality of internal helical ribs in the tubing in correspondence to the grooves.

A backlight unit with high heat transfer rate disposed under a display panel. The backlight unit includes a light source generator for generating light beams, a diffusing plate positioned between the light source generator and the display panel for scattering the light beams to the display panel, and a reflecting sheet position under the light source generator for reflecting the light beams upward. The reflecting sheet has at least one opening for increasing the heat transfer rate of the backlight unit.

An extruder has a barrel extending from a feed inlet end to an extruder outlet end. The barrel has an inner surface, an outer surface, and a wall thickness between the inner and outer surfaces. The extruder also has at least one heating member positioned provided on the barrel; a screw drive motor drivingly connected to a rotatably mounted screw positioned within the barrel, whereby the screw is rotatable at various revolutions per minute (RPM); and a controller is operably connected to the screw drive motor to adjust the RPM of the screw based upon a temperature of material passing through and/or being extruded from the barrel. Methods for operating an extruder filling a mold are also provided.