A calculation and control system for carbon neutralization of large-scale ice and snow sports events

Abstract

The application provides a kind of carbon neutralization measurement control system for large-scale ice and snow sports events, in addition to monitoring the activity level data of people, machines and materials concerned in general events, the carbon emission monitoring module also monitors the activity level data of the environment, which can provide effective control basis for carbon emissions generated by ice / snow making in ice and snow sports events due to high energy consumption; at the same time, the measurement control system of the application is integrated for monitoring, accounting, control and planning, which can help event organizers quickly and accurately understand the carbon emission status of each sub-area and sub-item, and comprehensively cover direct and indirect carbon emissions; finally, the application also realizes the real-time control of carbon emissions during the event process by controlling the activity level of the relevant subject of carbon emissions, and decides the optimal carbon neutralization scheme that can meet the carbon neutralization of the event according to the carbon emission accounting result, that is, the application can not only meet the requirements of the event, but also reduce the overall carbon emissions of the event and achieve carbon neutralization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of carbon emission management technology, and in particular relates to a calculation and control system for carbon neutrality of large-scale ice and snow sports events. Background Technology

[0002] Unlike ambient temperature sporting events, winter sports events require ice and snow production, which imposes strict environmental requirements. This necessitates more equipment, leading to higher energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions. To promote the low-carbon and sustainable development of winter sports and reduce carbon dioxide emissions from these events, a comprehensive carbon neutrality measurement and control technology system is urgently needed for large-scale winter sports events. This system would enable real-time monitoring, comprehensive accounting, and intelligent management of carbon emissions, thereby proposing better carbon neutrality pathways. Currently, carbon emission monitoring technologies can only measure carbon dioxide concentration or energy consumption, and carbon emission accounting is limited to direct emissions, making it difficult to achieve real-time control. Furthermore, the ice / snow production involved in winter sports events requires the coordinated and dynamic control of multiple environmental parameters, increasing the complexity of carbon emission management. Current carbon neutrality strategies focus on carbon offsetting amounts, lacking a comprehensive consideration of the economic viability, resource dependence, and sustainability of carbon neutrality solutions. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention provides a measurement, control, and planning system for carbon neutrality in large-scale ice and snow sports events. This system integrates measurement, calculation, control, and planning, enabling precise monitoring, comprehensive accounting, and real-time regulation of carbon emissions from large-scale ice and snow sports events, and proposes more comprehensive and optimized carbon neutrality solutions.

[0004] A carbon neutrality measurement and control system for large-scale ice and snow sports events includes a carbon emission monitoring module, a carbon emission accounting module, a carbon emission control module, and a carbon neutrality planning module.

[0005] The carbon emission monitoring module is used to collect basic data, which includes basic information about sports events and activity level data of carbon emission-related entities, including personnel, machines, materials, and the environment related to carbon emissions.

[0006] The carbon emission accounting module is used to obtain the real-time carbon emission of each carbon emission-related entity based on basic data, and to obtain the cumulative carbon emission of each area and function of the venue based on the real-time carbon emission of each carbon emission-related entity.

[0007] The carbon emission control module is used to generate corresponding control instructions based on basic data, real-time carbon emissions, and cumulative carbon emissions, and to feed back the control instructions to the monitored carbon emission-related entities to adjust their activity levels, thereby controlling carbon emissions.

[0008] The carbon neutrality planning module is used to determine the optimal carbon neutrality scheme that can meet the carbon neutrality requirements of the event based on the real-time and cumulative carbon emissions of the event.

[0009] Furthermore, the methods for obtaining the real-time carbon emissions of each carbon-related entity are as follows:

[0010]

[0011] Among them, CE j EF represents the carbon emissions generated by the j-th activity during the evaluation period t0-t1, which consumes energy or materials. The activity can be a personnel activity, machine activity, material activity, or environmental activity. N is the number of types of energy or materials consumed by the j-th activity during the statistical period t0-t1. i Q is the carbon emission factor of the i-th energy source or material. j,i,t Q is the amount of energy or material i consumed at time t due to the j-th activity, and Q j,i,t The method for determining it is as follows:

[0012] Q j,i,t =Num j,t ×Level j ×UC j,i

[0013] Among them, Num j,t It represents the number of entities involved in the carbon emissions of the j-th activity at time t, Level j It is the average activity of a single carbon emission-related entity in the j-th activity, UC j,i It is the amount of energy or material i required to satisfy the unit activity level j.

[0014] Furthermore, the carbon emission control module feeds back control instructions to the monitored carbon emission-related entities to adjust their activity levels, specifically as follows:

[0015] The carbon emission control module selects regions or functional items whose real-time carbon emissions are 1.2 times higher than the historical average for the same period as exceeding the standard regions or exceeding the standard functional items, and generates corresponding control instructions to reduce the number of participants in the exceeding regions, reduce the average activity of individual participants, reduce the energy or material consumption per unit of activity, or use cleaner and lower carbon energy or materials to achieve the exceeding functional items.

[0016] The carbon emission control module compares the real-time monitoring data of the activity levels of various carbon emission-related entities with the corresponding activity level standard data, selects entities that exceed the standards, and generates corresponding control instructions to adjust the operating status of the entities that exceed the standards and control unreasonable energy or material consumption.

[0017] Furthermore, the carbon neutrality planning module uses a multi-objective optimization analysis method to determine the optimal carbon neutrality scheme that satisfies the event's carbon neutrality requirements, specifically including the following steps:

[0018] The objective function is constructed as follows:

[0019]

[0020] max F(x)={f1(x),f2(x),f3(x)} T

[0021]

[0022] Among them, COST T P is the total cost of a carbon neutrality scheme, where a carbon neutrality scheme is a combination of one or more carbon offset schemes. k N is the implementation price of the k-th carbon offsetting scheme in the carbon neutrality scheme, where K is the number of carbon offsetting schemes included in the carbon neutrality scheme, and N is the carbon offsetting scheme in the carbon neutrality scheme. k Let f(x) be the implementation scale of the k-th carbon offset scheme in the carbon neutrality scheme, F(x) be the secondary objective function, f1(x) be an indicator of the environmental friendliness of the carbon neutrality scheme, f2(x) be an indicator of the resource conservation of the carbon neutrality scheme, f3(x) be an indicator of the sustainability of the carbon neutrality scheme, and CE be the implementation scale of the k-th carbon offset scheme in the carbon neutrality scheme. j,T COF represents the cumulative carbon emissions generated by the j-th activity during the event, where the activity is either a personnel activity, a machine activity, or a material activity, and L is the total number of activities during the event. k CR represents the amount of carbon offset produced by the k-th carbon offset scheme in the carbon neutrality scheme. k It represents the emission reduction intensity of the k-th carbon offset scheme in the carbon neutrality scheme;

[0023] The objective function is solved using a multi-objective decision-making method to obtain the optimal carbon neutrality scheme.

[0024] Furthermore, the areas of the competition venues are divided into ice / snow surface area, rest area, spectator area, living area, office area, and other areas other than the ice / snow surface area, rest area, spectator area, living area, and office area;

[0025] The functional items include venue buildings, event equipment, transportation, offices, accommodation, and catering.

[0026] Furthermore, when the function item is transportation, the cumulative carbon emissions generated by transportation operations during the event are calculated as follows:

[0027]

[0028] Among them, CE trasIt is the carbon emissions generated by transportation operations, M is the total number of vehicle types used during the event, EF m L is the carbon emission factor of the fuel used by the m-th mode of transportation during the event. m En is the total mileage of the m-th mode of transportation during the statistical period. m It is the amount of fuel consumed per unit distance traveled by the m-th mode of transportation.

[0029] Furthermore, when the function item is accommodation, the cumulative carbon emissions generated during the event are calculated as follows:

[0030]

[0031] Among them, CE accom It refers to the carbon emissions generated by the accommodation of personnel involved in the competition, EF e It is the electricity emission factor of the event venue, En n It refers to the electricity consumption intensity per unit area of ​​the hotels in the event venue. Area is the per capita accommodation area arranged by the event organizer. T It is the total number of days in the event statistics period, P d This refers to the number of people staying for d days.

[0032] Beneficial effects:

[0033] 1. This invention provides a carbon neutrality measurement and control system for large-scale ice and snow sports events, including a carbon emission monitoring module, a carbon emission accounting module, a carbon emission control module, and a carbon neutrality planning module. The carbon emission monitoring module monitors not only the activity levels of people, machines, and materials (as is typically monitored in sports events), but also environmental activity levels, providing effective control over carbon emissions generated by the large amounts of energy consumed in ice / snowmaking events. Furthermore, the carbon emission measurement and control system based on the activity levels of the main participants, constructed by this invention, integrates carbon emission monitoring, accounting, control, and carbon neutrality planning for large-scale ice and snow sports events. This helps event organizers quickly and accurately understand the carbon emission status of each zone and component, comprehensively covering both direct and indirect carbon emissions. Finally, this invention also achieves real-time control of carbon emissions during the event by controlling activity level-related factors, and determines the optimal carbon neutrality scheme based on the carbon emission accounting results. In other words, this invention not only meets the requirements of the event but also helps reduce overall carbon emissions and achieve carbon neutrality.

[0034] 2. This invention provides a calculation and control system for carbon neutrality in large-scale ice and snow sports events. Based on the activity levels of personnel, machines, materials, and the environment, it provides a method for obtaining the real-time carbon emissions of each carbon emission-related entity. This provides an effective basis for the carbon emission control module to regulate the activity levels of each carbon emission-related entity and helps the carbon neutrality planning module to make more accurate and appropriate carbon neutrality decisions.

[0035] 3. This invention provides a calculation and control system for carbon neutrality in large-scale ice and snow sports events. The carbon neutrality planning module uses a multi-objective optimization analysis method to determine the optimal carbon neutrality scheme that can meet the carbon neutrality requirements of the event, achieving the carbon neutrality goal through the optimal path. At the same time, in addition to considering the total cost of the carbon offset scheme, this invention also takes the environmental friendliness, resource conservation, and sustainability of the carbon offset scheme as one of the objective functions. This enables the final optimal carbon neutrality scheme to help event organizers achieve carbon neutrality of the event at a lower cost and with better results, and even achieve a positive environmental impact. This helps to realize the accurate monitoring, comprehensive accounting, and real-time control of carbon emissions from large-scale ice and snow sports events.

[0036] 4. This invention provides a carbon neutrality measurement and control system for large-scale ice and snow sports events. It is the first to provide a quantitative calculation method for the cumulative carbon emissions generated by transportation and accommodation during the event, providing effective carbon emission guidance for carbon emission accounting of other large-scale sports events. This will help event organizers quickly and accurately understand the carbon emission status of various aspects of the event, which is conducive to achieving low-carbon and sustainable development of sports. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a calculation and control system for carbon neutrality in large-scale ice and snow sports events provided by the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 A framework diagram of a carbon neutrality measurement and control system for large-scale ice and snow sports events provided by the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the control flow of a carbon neutrality measurement and control system for large-scale ice and snow sports events provided by the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the monitoring points for ice surface temperature and thickness in curling rinks provided by this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0041] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] like Figure 1 As shown, a carbon neutrality measurement and control system for large-scale ice and snow sports events includes a carbon emission monitoring module, a carbon emission accounting module, a carbon emission control module, and a carbon neutrality planning module.

[0044] The carbon emission monitoring module is used to collect basic data, which includes basic information about sports events and activity level data of carbon emission-related entities, including personnel, machines, materials, and the environment related to carbon emissions.

[0045] The carbon emission accounting module is used to obtain the real-time carbon emission of each carbon emission-related entity based on basic data, and to obtain the cumulative carbon emission of each area and function of the venue based on the real-time carbon emission of each carbon emission-related entity.

[0046] The carbon emission control module is used to generate corresponding control instructions based on basic data, real-time carbon emissions, and cumulative carbon emissions, and to feed back the control instructions to the monitored carbon emission-related entities to adjust their activity levels, thereby controlling carbon emissions.

[0047] The carbon neutrality planning module is used to determine the optimal carbon neutrality scheme that can meet the carbon neutrality requirements of the event based on the real-time and cumulative carbon emissions of the event.

[0048] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, the carbon emission monitoring module includes monitoring equipment, a data transmission system, and a data storage system. It is used to collect basic information about major sporting events, as well as data on the activity levels of personnel, machinery, materials, and the environment related to carbon emissions. This provides data support for the comprehensive calculation of direct and indirect emissions and a basis for real-time carbon emission control. The monitoring equipment collects relevant activity level data from each entity and transmits it instantly to the data storage system via a communication protocol, forming a carbon emission activity level database.

[0049] The basic information of the major sports events includes the event schedule, host city, event type, personnel involved, and other relevant information, which are directly entered into the data storage system.

[0050] The personnel activity level data refers to the activity levels of personnel involved in the event, including their energy or material consumption related to clothing, food, accommodation, transportation, and office work during the event. Infrared sensors are deployed at key locations within the event venue to monitor personnel density in real time. Smart access control systems are installed at venue entrances and exits to record personnel flow data. The system connects to the procurement system to obtain data on clothing, food, and office supplies prepared by the event organizers. It also connects to the traffic management system to obtain the types, quantities, and daily mileage of vehicles arranged by the event organizers. Finally, it connects to the accommodation management system to obtain the accommodation area and duration arranged by the event organizers.

[0051] The machine activity level data refers to the operational level and energy consumption data of the machinery and equipment used in the construction and operation phases of venues and event-related buildings and transportation infrastructure. For power-consuming equipment, smart meters are installed at the power supply end to monitor power consumption in real time; for gas-consuming equipment, smart gas meters are installed at the natural gas pipeline end to monitor natural gas consumption in real time; smart water meters are installed at the water supply points in each area to monitor water consumption in real time; and heat meters are installed at the heating pipeline nodes in each area to monitor heat consumption in real time. For ice-making and snow-making equipment, it is necessary to monitor the ratio of its actual operating power to its full-load operating power.

[0052] The material activity level data refers to the consumption level of raw materials and supplies required during the preparation and operation of the event, which is obtained by accessing the event organizer's procurement system.

[0053] The environmental activity level data refers to environmental information for the competition area. Air quality sensors are deployed at designated heights at key grid points in all areas to monitor air temperature, humidity, pressure, and carbon dioxide concentration at different locations within the venue in real time. For ice and snow events, temperature and distance sensors are deployed at key grid points beneath the ice and snow surface to monitor ice and snow surface temperature and thickness, respectively.

[0054] The carbon emission data accounting module includes a full life-cycle carbon footprint tracking model and a carbon emission factor database, used to calculate the carbon emissions generated by the event. Carbon emissions originate from the consumption of energy or materials, and the carbon emissions generated by different energy or material consumptions are calculated according to formula (1):

[0055]

[0056] Among them, CE j EF represents the carbon emissions generated by the j-th activity during the evaluation period t0-t1, where the activity is a personnel activity, machine activity, or material activity. N is the number of types of energy or materials consumed by the j-th activity during the statistical period t0-t1. i Q is the carbon emission factor of the i-th energy source or material. j,i,t It is the amount of energy or material i consumed at time t due to the carrying out of the j-th activity.

[0057] The full life cycle carbon footprint tracking model comprehensively calculates the direct and indirect emissions related to the race, namely the carbon emissions generated by the energy or materials used in the entire process of production, pricing, and transportation.

[0058] The carbon emission factor refers to the carbon emissions generated per unit amount of energy or material during the production, processing, transportation, and recycling process. The carbon emission factors of all energy or materials involved in the competition constitute the carbon emission factor database in the carbon emission accounting module.

[0059] For direct CO2 emissions from the combustion of fossil fuels directly controlled or owned by the event organizers and venues, the carbon emission factor used in the calculation is the fuel carbon emission factor. For indirect CO2 emissions from purchased electricity, steam, heating, and cooling used by the event organizers and venues themselves, the carbon emission factor for each energy source is selected based on the corresponding energy structure of the host city in the current year (or the most recent year for which statistics are available). For CO2 emissions from consumable materials used by the event organizers and all venues, the carbon emission factor used in the calculation is the carbon emission factor throughout the entire life cycle of the material during production, processing, and transportation. For CO2 emissions from non-consumable equipment and materials used by the event organizers and all venues, the carbon emission factor used in the calculation is the carbon emission factor throughout the entire life cycle of the material during production, processing, transportation, and recycling, multiplied by the ratio of the event usage time to the service life of the equipment / materials.

[0060] The consumption of energy or materials is obtained by direct monitoring by monitoring equipment, and also calculated based on the activity levels of each monitored entity, as shown in formula (2):

[0061] Q j,i,t =Num j,t ×Level j ×UC j,i (2)

[0062] Among them, Num j,t It represents the number of entities involved in the carbon emissions of the j-th activity at time t, Level j It is the average activity of a single carbon emission-related entity in the j-th activity, UC j,i It is the amount of energy or material i required to satisfy the unit activity level j.

[0063] The carbon emission control module includes a historical carbon emission database, a sports event level standard information database, and a carbon emission control system. It is used to identify the characteristics of carbon emission activities and, by regulating the level of the main carbon emission activities, rationally control the consumption of materials or energy to reduce related carbon emissions.

[0064] A database of new carbon emissions for each region and functional item at different time periods will be established. For regions or functional items with carbon emissions exceeding 1.2 times the historical average for the same period, information will be provided in the carbon emission control system. Carbon emissions can be controlled through four means: reducing the number of participants, reducing the average activity of individual participants, reducing the energy or material consumption per unit of activity, or using cleaner and lower-carbon energy or materials.

[0065] Establish a database of activity level standards for event personnel, equipment, materials, and the environment, clarifying the objective requirements for various activity levels. In the carbon emission control module, compare real-time monitoring data of carbon emission activity levels with activity level standard data to identify activities exceeding the standards. Through PID control equipment terminals, adjust equipment operating status to control unreasonable energy or material consumption.

[0066] The carbon neutrality planning module includes a carbon offset scheme library and a multi-objective decision-making model. After the event, the total carbon emissions are checked against the additionally calculated carbon compensation, and the optimal carbon offset scheme that can meet the event's carbon neutrality requirements is determined through multi-objective optimization analysis.

[0067] The carbon offset scheme library covers a variety of carbon offset schemes, including the construction of new carbon sink forests, investment in low-carbon technology projects, promotion of carbon inclusiveness, and encouragement of enterprises to voluntarily donate certified emission reductions, as well as quantitative parameters characterizing the economic, environmental, resource-saving, and sustainability indicators of the schemes.

[0068] The multi-objective optimization model takes the minimum cost (Equation (3)) as the main decision objective, the optimal environmental protection, resource conservation and sustainability (Equation (4)) as the secondary decision objectives, and the carbon neutrality or even positive environmental impact of the event (Equation (5)) and other social / natural capacity constraints as the constraints. The model is solved by the multi-objective decision method to obtain the optimal carbon neutrality scheme.

[0069]

[0070] max F(x)={f1(x),f2(x),f3(x)} T (4)

[0071]

[0072] Among them, COST T P is the total cost of a carbon neutrality scheme, where a carbon neutrality scheme is a combination of one or more carbon offset schemes. k N is the implementation price of the k-th carbon offsetting scheme in the carbon neutrality scheme, where K is the number of carbon offsetting schemes included in the carbon neutrality scheme, and N is the carbon offsetting scheme in the carbon neutrality scheme. kLet f(x) represent the implementation scale of the k-th carbon offset scheme in the carbon neutrality scheme. F(x) is the secondary objective function. f1(x) is an indicator characterizing the environmental friendliness of the carbon neutrality scheme, f2(x) is an indicator characterizing the resource conservation of the carbon neutrality scheme, and f3(x) is an indicator characterizing the sustainability of the carbon neutrality scheme. The environmental friendliness, resource conservation, and sustainability per unit emission reduction of each carbon neutrality scheme are obtained using fuzzy hierarchical analysis. The score of the entire carbon neutrality scheme is a weighted sum based on the emission reductions of each carbon offset scheme. j,T COF represents the cumulative carbon emissions generated by the j-th activity during the event, where the activity is either a personnel activity, a machine activity, or a material activity, and L is the total number of activities during the event. k CR represents the amount of carbon offset produced by the k-th carbon offset scheme in the carbon neutrality scheme. k It represents the emission reduction intensity of the k-th carbon offset scheme in the carbon neutrality scheme.

[0073] Therefore, this invention provides a carbon neutrality measurement and control system for large-scale ice and snow sports events, including a carbon emission monitoring module, a carbon emission accounting module, a carbon emission control module, and a carbon neutrality planning module. It accurately collects data on the activity levels of personnel, machinery, materials, and the environment related to carbon emissions from large-scale ice and snow sports events. It employs full life-cycle carbon footprint tracking technology for carbon emission accounting and situation analysis. The carbon emission control module performs real-time zoned and itemized control of carbon emissions from large-scale ice and snow sports events based on the activity levels of each entity. Through multi-objective decision-making, it obtains the optimal carbon neutrality scheme, thereby achieving accurate monitoring, comprehensive accounting, and real-time control of carbon emissions from large-scale ice and snow sports events, and achieving the carbon neutrality target through the optimal path.

[0074] Example 2

[0075] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and taking a curling test event as an example.

[0076] like Figure 3 As shown, a carbon neutrality measurement and control system for large-scale ice and snow sports events includes four modules: S1 carbon emission monitoring, S2 carbon emission accounting, S3 carbon emission regulation and control, and S4 carbon neutrality planning.

[0077] S1. Carbon emission monitoring: Sensors are installed in the competition area to monitor the activity levels of personnel, machines, materials, and the environment, and the real-time monitoring data is transmitted to the carbon emission activity level database in real time via communication protocols.

[0078] S101. Enter basic event information, including time, location, and schedule.

[0079] S102. The venues involved in the competition are divided into six major areas: ice / snow surface area, rest area, spectator area, living area, office area, and other areas other than ice / snow surface area, rest area, spectator area, living area, and office area. Each area is further divided into grids.

[0080] S103. Collect the activity levels of people, machines, objects, and environment by deploying sensors or connecting to the organization's management system.

[0081] Personnel Activity Monitoring: Infrared sensors are deployed at key nodes in all areas to monitor personnel density in real time. Smart access control systems are installed at venue entrances and exits to record personnel flow data. The system connects to the procurement system to obtain data on clothing, food, and office supplies prepared by the event organizers. It connects to the traffic management system to obtain the types, quantities, and daily mileage of vehicles arranged by the event organizers. It connects to the accommodation management system to obtain the accommodation area and duration arranged by the event organizers.

[0082] Machine activity level monitoring: Install smart meters at the upstream end of all major electrical equipment in all areas to monitor the real-time power consumption of major electrical equipment (mainly including lighting equipment, ice-making equipment, fresh air systems, dehumidification equipment, water treatment equipment, security equipment, multimedia equipment, and other basic operational equipment). Install heat meters at key nodes of heating pipelines in all areas to monitor heat consumption. Install smart gas meters at the upstream end of gas-using equipment in residential areas to monitor natural gas consumption.

[0083] Material activity level monitoring: Smart water meters will be installed at the front end of all water-using areas (mainly including domestic water and ice-making water) to monitor water consumption. The procurement system will be integrated into the carbon emission activity level database to obtain event material procurement data.

[0084] Environmental activity level monitoring: Fiber optic temperature sensors and laser distance sensors are deployed at key grid points 5 cm below the ice surface (sensor distribution locations are as follows). Figure 4 As shown in the figure, ice surface temperature and ice thickness are monitored respectively. Air quality sensors are deployed at a height of 1.5 meters at key grid points in all areas to monitor air temperature, humidity, pressure and carbon dioxide concentration at different locations in the venue in real time.

[0085] S2. Carbon emission accounting: Calculate carbon emissions by region, by item, by time period, as well as the overall carbon emissions, to obtain a historical carbon emission database.

[0086] S201. Establish a full life cycle carbon footprint tracking model, comprehensively consider direct and indirect emissions, and connect to the carbon emission factor database.

[0087] S202. Calculate the carbon emissions generated by the event. The carbon emissions generated by different energy or material consumption are calculated according to formula (1):

[0088]

[0089] Among them, CE j EF represents the carbon emissions generated by the j-th activity during the evaluation period t0-t1, where the activity is a personnel activity, machine activity, or material activity. N is the number of types of energy or materials consumed by the j-th activity during the statistical period t0-t1. i Q is the carbon emission factor of the i-th energy source or material. j,i,t It is the amount of energy or material i consumed at time t due to the carrying out of the j-th activity.

[0090] The consumption of energy or materials is obtained by direct monitoring by monitoring equipment, and also calculated based on the activity levels of each monitored entity, as shown in formula (2):

[0091] Q j,i,t =Num j,t ×Level j ×UC j,i (2)

[0092] Among them, Num j,t It represents the number of entities involved in the carbon emissions of the j-th activity at time t, Level j It is the average activity of a single carbon emission-related entity in the j-th activity, UC j,i It is the amount of energy or material i required to satisfy the unit activity level j.

[0093] For example, the carbon emissions generated by transportation during the event are calculated using formula (6):

[0094]

[0095] Among them, CE tras It is the carbon emissions generated by transportation operations, M is the total number of vehicle types used during the event, EF m L is the carbon emission factor of the fuel used by the m-th mode of transportation during the event. m En is the total mileage of the m-th mode of transportation during the statistical period. m It is the amount of fuel consumed per unit distance traveled by the m-th mode of transportation.

[0096] For example, the carbon emissions generated by accommodation during the event are calculated using formula (7):

[0097]

[0098] Among them, CE accom It refers to the carbon emissions generated by the accommodation of personnel involved in the competition, EF eIt is the electricity emission factor of the event venue, En n It refers to the electricity consumption intensity per unit area of ​​the hotels in the event venue. Area is the per capita accommodation area arranged by the event organizer. T It is the total number of days in the event statistics period, P d This refers to the number of people staying for d days.

[0099] S203. The total carbon emissions are calculated separately for the six major areas of ice surface, rest area, spectator area, living area, office area and other areas, as well as the six major functions of venue buildings, event equipment, transportation, office, accommodation and catering.

[0100] S3. Carbon emission control: Assess carbon emission levels, identify the characteristics of carbon emission activities, and reduce related carbon emissions by regulating the activity levels of the main carbon emission entities and rationally controlling the consumption of materials or energy.

[0101] S301. Based on the calculation results of S2, construct a historical database of newly added carbon emissions for each region and functional item in different time periods. For regions or functional items with carbon emissions higher than 1.2 times the historical average for the same period, provide information prompts in the carbon emission control module and display the carbon emission activity subjects, number of subjects, activity level, and energy or material consumption per unit of activity level.

[0102] S302. Construct a database of activity level standards for event personnel, equipment, materials, and the environment, clearly defining the objective requirements for each activity level. For example, the Ice Cube curling venue has a maximum capacity of 4,600 spectators; the ice surface temperature of the curling rink must be below -8.5 degrees Celsius; the temperature at a height of 1.5 meters on the ice surface must be 9–11 degrees Celsius; the temperature in the spectator area must be stable at 16–18 degrees Celsius; the temperature in other areas must be 20–26 degrees Celsius; the air humidity on the ice surface must be 2.3–2.8 g / kg; the carbon dioxide concentration in the venue must be below 1000 ppm; and the ice surface temperature of the curling rink must be -7 to -4 degrees Celsius and the thickness 5–6 cm. In the carbon emission control system, compare real-time monitoring data of carbon emission activity levels with activity level standard data to select activities exceeding the standard. Through PID control equipment terminals, adjust the equipment operating status to control unreasonable energy or material consumption.

[0103] S3021. The personnel density of each area is used as the control condition for the lighting system equipment. The personnel density data monitored by the infrared sensors is uploaded to the control system data center. The control system connects to and controls the power control system of each lighting device through a wireless network and a smart gateway. When the personnel density of an area is greater than 0, the lighting system of that area is turned on; when the personnel density of an area is 0, the lighting system of that area is turned off after a 30-second delay.

[0104] S3022. The air temperature, humidity, and carbon dioxide concentration of each area are used as the control conditions for the air conditioning system equipment in the competition venue. The required air temperature T for each area is pre-entered into the control system. aimin ~T aimax air humidity H aimin ~H aimax Carbon dioxide concentration C cdmax The air quality sensors monitor air temperature (T), humidity (H), pressure (p), and carbon dioxide concentration data, which are then uploaded to the control system's data center. The control system connects to the electrical control systems of the air conditioning system's fresh air system, dehumidification system, and heating system via a wireless network and smart gateway. When the measured air temperature in the area exceeds T... aimax When the air conditioning system's air supply power is increased and the heating system's air supply power is reduced, the air temperature will decrease accordingly. When the measured air temperature in the area is below T... aimin When the air supply power of the refrigeration and air conditioning system is reduced and the air supply power of the heating system is increased, the air temperature will rise accordingly. When the measured area temperature is lower than the dew point temperature Td(p,H) corresponding to the current air pressure and humidity, or the measured area air humidity is higher than H... aimax Increase the operating power of dehumidifiers. The air humidity will decrease accordingly, effectively preventing condensation on ice surfaces. When the measured area temperature is higher than the dew point temperature Td(p,H) corresponding to the current air pressure and humidity, or the measured area air humidity is lower than H... aimin Reduce the operating power of dehumidifiers. When the carbon dioxide concentration is higher than C... cdmax When the carbon dioxide concentration is below C, increase the fresh air supply volume; when the carbon dioxide concentration is below C cdmax When necessary, reduce the fresh air supply volume.

[0105] S3023. The ice surface temperature and thickness at key grid nodes in the ice surface area are used as the control conditions for the ice-making system. The required ice surface temperature T for each area is pre-entered into the control system. icmin ~T icmax Thickness d icmin ~d icmax The fiber optic temperature sensor uploads the ice surface temperature data to the control system's data center, while the laser distance sensor uploads the ice surface thickness data to the same data center. The control system connects to the electrical control systems of each ice-making device via a wireless network and a smart gateway. When the measured ice surface temperature exceeds T... icmax Or the ice thickness is less than d icmin At this time, increase the power of the ice-making system. The ice surface temperature will gradually decrease or gradually increase. When the measured ice surface temperature is lower than T... icmin Or the ice surface thickness is greater than d icmax In such cases, simply reduce the power of the ice-making system to maintain the basic load.

[0106] S3024. For the transportation system, the number of vehicle trips should be arranged with reference to the passenger flow of the access control system, and new energy vehicles and energy-saving vehicles should be given priority as much as possible.

[0107] S3025. For catering systems, refer to the access control system for controlling the flow of people to control the amount of goods prepared, in order to reduce food waste and carbon emissions generated during food preparation.

[0108] S4. Carbon neutrality planning: Verify the total carbon emissions and carbon offset amount, and determine the optimal carbon offset scheme that can meet the carbon neutrality of the event through multi-objective optimization analysis.

[0109] S401. Construct a carbon offset scheme library, incorporating various carbon offset schemes such as establishing new carbon sink forests, investing in low-carbon technology projects, promoting carbon credits, and encouraging enterprises to voluntarily donate certified emission reductions. Scale the implementation price, environmental friendliness, resource conservation, and sustainability of each scheme as quantitative parameters. Optionally, the environmental friendliness, resource conservation, and sustainability of each carbon offset scheme can be obtained using an indicator system method, analytic hierarchy process, or expert scoring method.

[0110] S402. Construct a multi-objective optimization model with the minimum cost (Equation (3)) as the main decision objective, the optimal environmental protection, resource conservation and sustainability (Equation (4)) as the secondary decision objectives, and the constraints of achieving carbon neutrality or even positive environmental impact of the event (Equation (5)) and other social / natural capacity limitations. Solve the model using the multi-objective decision method to obtain the optimal combination of carbon offset schemes and form a carbon neutrality scheme.

[0111]

[0112] max F(x)={f1(x),f2(x),f3(x)} T (4)

[0113]

[0114] Among them, COST T P is the total cost of a carbon neutrality scheme, where a carbon neutrality scheme is a combination of one or more carbon offset schemes. k N is the implementation price of the k-th carbon offsetting scheme in the carbon neutrality scheme, where K is the number of carbon offsetting schemes included in the carbon neutrality scheme, and N is the carbon offsetting scheme in the carbon neutrality scheme. k Let f(x) represent the implementation scale of the k-th carbon offset scheme in the carbon neutrality scheme. F(x) is the secondary objective function. f1(x) is an indicator of the environmental friendliness of the carbon neutrality scheme, f2(x) is an indicator of the resource conservation of the carbon neutrality scheme, and f3(x) is an indicator of the sustainability of the carbon neutrality scheme. The score of the entire carbon neutrality scheme is a weighted sum based on the emission reductions of each carbon offset scheme it includes. j,TCOF represents the cumulative carbon emissions generated by the j-th activity during the event, where the activity is either a personnel activity, machine activity, or material activity, and L is the total number of activities during the event. k CR represents the amount of carbon offset produced by the k-th carbon offset scheme in the carbon neutrality scheme. k It represents the emission reduction intensity of the k-th carbon offset scheme in the carbon neutrality scheme.

[0115] In summary, this invention constructs a carbon emission measurement and control system based on the main activity level, realizing the integrated monitoring, accounting, regulation, and carbon neutrality planning of carbon emissions for large-scale ice and snow sports events. It can help event organizers understand the carbon emission status of different zones and events, comprehensively covering both direct and indirect emissions. By controlling activity level-related factors, it can achieve real-time regulation of carbon emissions during the event, reducing overall carbon emissions while meeting event requirements. Furthermore, this invention can make multi-objective decisions on carbon neutrality schemes based on carbon emission accounting results, helping event organizers achieve carbon neutrality and even positive environmental impact at a lower cost and with better results.

[0116] Of course, the present invention may have other various embodiments. Without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various corresponding changes and modifications according to the present invention, but these corresponding changes and modifications should all fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A calculation and control system for carbon neutrality in large-scale ice and snow sports events, characterized in that, It includes a carbon emission monitoring module, a carbon emission accounting module, a carbon emission control module, and a carbon neutrality planning module; The carbon emission monitoring module is used to collect basic data, which includes basic information about sports events and activity level data of carbon emission-related entities, including personnel, machines, materials, and the environment related to carbon emissions. The carbon emission accounting module is used to obtain the real-time carbon emission of each carbon emission-related entity based on basic data, and to obtain the cumulative carbon emission of each area and function of the venue based on the real-time carbon emission of each carbon emission-related entity. The carbon emission control module is used to generate corresponding control instructions based on basic data, real-time carbon emissions, and cumulative carbon emissions, and to feed back the control instructions to the monitored carbon emission-related entities to adjust their activity levels, thereby controlling carbon emissions. The carbon neutrality planning module is used to determine the optimal carbon neutrality scheme that can meet the carbon neutrality of the event based on the real-time and cumulative carbon emissions of the event. The carbon neutrality planning module uses a multi-objective optimization analysis method to determine the optimal carbon neutrality scheme that can meet the carbon neutrality requirements of the event, specifically including the following steps: The objective function is constructed as follows: maxF(x)={f1(x),f2(x),f3(x)} T Among them, COST T P is the total cost of a carbon neutrality scheme, where a carbon neutrality scheme is a combination of one or more carbon offset schemes. k N is the implementation price of the k-th carbon offsetting scheme in the carbon neutrality scheme, where K is the number of carbon offsetting schemes included in the carbon neutrality scheme, and N is the carbon offsetting scheme in the carbon neutrality scheme. k Let f(x) be the implementation scale of the k-th carbon offset scheme in the carbon neutrality scheme, F(x) be the secondary objective function, f1(x) be an indicator of the environmental friendliness of the carbon neutrality scheme, f2(x) be an indicator of the resource conservation of the carbon neutrality scheme, f3(x) be an indicator of the sustainability of the carbon neutrality scheme, and CE be the implementation scale of the k-th carbon offset scheme in the carbon neutrality scheme. j,T COF represents the cumulative carbon emissions generated by the j-th activity during the event, where the activity is either a personnel activity, a machine activity, or a material activity, and L is the total number of activities during the event. k CR represents the amount of carbon offset produced by the k-th carbon offset scheme in the carbon neutrality scheme. k It represents the emission reduction intensity of the k-th carbon offset scheme in the carbon neutrality scheme; The objective function is solved using a multi-objective decision-making method to obtain the optimal carbon neutrality scheme. The competition venues are divided into ice / snow surface area, rest area, spectator area, living area, office area, and other areas besides the ice / snow surface area, rest area, spectator area, living area, and office area. The functional components include venue buildings, event equipment, transportation, offices, accommodation, and catering; When the function item is transportation, the cumulative carbon emissions generated by transportation operations during the event are calculated as follows: Among them, CE tras It is the carbon emissions generated by transportation operations, M is the total number of vehicle types used during the event, EF m L is the carbon emission factor of the fuel used by the m-th mode of transportation during the event. m En is the total mileage of the m-th mode of transportation during the statistical period. m It is the amount of fuel consumed per unit distance traveled by the m-th mode of transportation; When the function item is accommodation, the cumulative carbon emissions generated during the event are calculated as follows: Among them, CE accom It refers to the carbon emissions generated by the accommodation of personnel involved in the competition, EF e It is the electricity emission factor of the event venue, En n It refers to the electricity consumption intensity per unit area of ​​the hotels in the event venue. Area is the per capita accommodation area arranged by the event organizer. T It is the total number of days in the event statistics period, P d This refers to the number of people staying for d days.

2. The carbon neutrality measurement and control system for large-scale ice and snow sports events as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The methods for obtaining real-time carbon emissions from various carbon-related entities are as follows: Among them, CE j EF represents the carbon emissions generated by the j-th activity during the evaluation period t0-t1, which involves the consumption of energy or materials. This activity can be classified as a personnel activity, machine activity, material activity, or environmental activity. N represents the number of types of energy or materials consumed by the j-th activity during the statistical period t0-t1. i Q is the carbon emission factor of the i-th energy source or material. j,i,t Q is the amount of energy or material i consumed at time t due to the j-th activity, and Q j,i,t The method for determining it is as follows: Q j,i,t =Number j,t ×Level j ×UC j,i Among them, Num j,t It represents the number of entities involved in the carbon emissions of the j-th activity at time t, Level j It is the average activity of a single carbon emission-related entity in the j-th activity, UC j,i It is the amount of energy or material i required to satisfy the unit activity level j.

3. The carbon neutrality measurement and control system for large-scale ice and snow sports events as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The carbon emission control module feeds back control instructions to the monitored carbon emission stakeholders to adjust their activity levels, specifically as follows: The carbon emission control module selects regions or functional items whose real-time carbon emissions are 1.2 times higher than the historical average for the same period as exceeding the standard regions or exceeding the standard functional items, and generates corresponding control instructions to reduce the number of participants in the exceeding regions, reduce the average activity of individual participants, reduce the energy or material consumption per unit of activity, or use cleaner and lower carbon energy or materials to achieve the exceeding functional items. The carbon emission control module compares the real-time monitoring data of the activity levels of various carbon emission-related entities with the corresponding activity level standard data, selects entities that exceed the standards, and generates corresponding control instructions to adjust the operating status of the entities that exceed the standards and control unreasonable energy or material consumption.

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