Charging rate determination method, charging control method, device, and apparatus

Abstract

The application provides a charging rate determination method, a charging control method, a device and equipment. The charging rate determination method comprises: controlling the battery charging by using the Nth group of experimental data and a preset charging capacity, and obtaining parameter information when the battery is charging; when it is determined that the battery is lithiumizing according to the parameter information, N is increased by 1, and the step of obtaining the Nth group of experimental data of the battery is returned to be executed until it is determined that the battery is not lithiumizing according to the reobtained parameter information, and the Nth group of experimental data corresponding to the time when the battery is not lithiumizing is taken as target charging data of the battery when the battery is charging at a rate, so that the battery is charged according to the target charging data. The method of the application can solve the problem of how to improve the charging mechanism of a lithium ion battery, so that when the lithium ion battery is charged in the charging rate mode, both fast charging and the problem of battery lithiumization can be avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to battery charging control technology, and more particularly to a method for determining the charging rate, a charging control method, an apparatus, and equipment. Background Technology

[0002] As the market develops, consumers and businesses are demanding increasingly higher charging performance from lithium-ion batteries. The market needs lithium-ion batteries that can meet the requirements of high voltage, high capacity, high power, long lifespan, and high safety during charging. Correspondingly, the charging methods for lithium-ion batteries are also constantly evolving.

[0003] To date, there are still many problems with lithium-ion battery charging, such as the common lithium plating issue. Lithium plating in lithium-ion batteries has many causes, the most common being improper charging mechanisms. For example, continuously increasing the charging rate during high-rate charging can prevent the negative electrode of the lithium-ion battery from quickly intercalating lithium, thus triggering lithium plating.

[0004] Improving the charging mechanism of lithium-ion batteries so that charging can be fast while avoiding lithium plating when controlling the charging rate remains an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a method for determining the charging rate, a charging control method, an apparatus, and a device to address how to improve the charging mechanism of lithium-ion batteries, so that when controlling the charging of lithium-ion batteries by the charging rate, both fast charging can be achieved and the problem of lithium plating in the battery can be avoided.

[0006] On the one hand, this application provides a method for determining the charging rate, including:

[0007] Obtain the Nth set of experimental data for the battery, control the charging of the battery with the Nth set of experimental data and the preset charging capacity, and obtain the parameter information of the battery during charging, where N is a positive integer and is initially 1; the Nth set of experimental data includes at least multiple charging rates and the charging time corresponding to each charging rate; the sum of the charging times corresponding to multiple charging rates is less than or equal to the preset charging time;

[0008] When lithium plating is determined to occur in the battery based on the parameter information, N is incremented by 1, and the process returns to the step of obtaining the Nth set of experimental data for the battery, until it is determined that the battery has not plating lithium based on the re-obtained parameter information. The Nth set of experimental data corresponding to the battery not plating lithium is then used as the target charging data for the battery at the specified rate, so as to achieve charging processing of the battery based on the target charging data.

[0009] In one embodiment, controlling battery charging using the Nth set of experimental data and a preset charging capacity includes:

[0010] The multiple charging rates are sorted according to the magnitude of each charging rate to obtain a sorting result;

[0011] If the sorting result is a charging rate arranged from largest to smallest, then according to the sorting result, the battery is controlled to be charged at a constant current in the order of charging from a large rate to a small rate, based on the charging time corresponding to the charging rate.

[0012] During constant current charging, when the real-time voltage of the battery reaches the preset voltage, the battery is controlled to perform constant voltage charging until the real-time charging capacity of the battery reaches the preset charging capacity, at which point the battery is controlled to stop charging.

[0013] In one embodiment, if the sorting result includes M charging rates arranged in ascending order, then the step of controlling the battery to perform constant current charging in the order of charging from a high rate to a low rate according to the sorting result and the charging time corresponding to the charging rate includes:

[0014] The battery is controlled to perform constant current charging with the Mth charging rate and the Mth charging time corresponding to the Mth charging rate; M is decremented by 1, and this step is repeated until the real-time voltage of the battery reaches the preset voltage.

[0015] Wherein, the Mth charging rate is the largest among multiple charging rates; M is a natural number greater than 1.

[0016] In one embodiment, the parameter information includes at least one or more of the following sets of information: the first set of information includes the real-time thickness and real-time capacity of the battery; the second set of information includes the real-time voltage and real-time capacity of the battery; and the third set of information includes the real-time conductivity of the battery.

[0017] Determining the lithium plating of the battery based on the parameter information includes:

[0018] A first characteristic curve of the battery is constructed based on its real-time thickness and real-time capacity. When an abnormal inflection point appears on the first characteristic curve, lithium plating of the battery is determined; and / or,

[0019] A second characteristic curve of the battery is constructed based on its real-time voltage and real-time capacity. When an abnormal inflection point appears on the second characteristic curve, lithium plating of the battery is determined; and / or,

[0020] A third characteristic curve of the battery is constructed based on its real-time conductivity and charging time. When an abnormal inflection point appears on the third characteristic curve, lithium plating of the battery is determined; and / or,

[0021] When the surface density of the negative electrode of the battery is greater than the preset surface density of the negative electrode, lithium plating of the battery is determined.

[0022] On the other hand, this application provides a charging control method, including:

[0023] Obtain target charging data when charging the battery at a certain rate, wherein the target charging data is determined by the charging rate determination method according to any one of claims 1-4;

[0024] The battery is controlled to perform constant current charging based on the target charging data;

[0025] When the real-time voltage of the battery reaches the preset voltage, the battery is controlled to perform constant voltage charging until the real-time charging capacity of the battery reaches the preset charging capacity, at which point the charging of the battery is stopped.

[0026] In one embodiment, the target charging data includes multiple target charging rates and a target charging duration corresponding to each target charging rate, and controlling the battery to perform constant current charging based on the target charging data includes:

[0027] Multiple target charging rates are sorted according to the magnitude of each target charging rate. The sorting result includes Z target charging rates arranged from smallest to largest, where the Zth target charging rate is the largest charging rate among the multiple target charging rates, and Z is a natural number greater than 1.

[0028] The battery is controlled to perform constant current charging based on the Zth target charging rate and the Zth charging duration corresponding to the Zth target charging rate.

[0029] Decrease Z by 1, and repeat the step described above, controlling the battery to perform constant current charging with the Zth target charging rate and the Zth charging duration corresponding to the Zth target charging rate, until the real-time voltage of the battery reaches the preset voltage.

[0030] On the other hand, this application provides a charging rate determination device, comprising:

[0031] The acquisition module is used to acquire the Nth set of experimental data of the battery, where N is a positive integer. The Nth set of experimental data includes at least multiple charging rates and the charging time corresponding to each charging rate; the sum of the charging times corresponding to multiple charging rates is less than or equal to a preset charging time.

[0032] The control module is used to control the charging of the battery based on the Nth set of experimental data and the preset charging capacity.

[0033] The acquisition module is also used to acquire parameter information of the battery during charging.

[0034] The control module is also used to increment N by 1 when lithium plating of the battery is determined based on the parameter information, and return to the Nth set of experimental data of the battery obtained in the execution step.

[0035] The acquisition module is further configured to determine that the battery has not deposited lithium based on the reacquired parameter information, and to use the Nth set of experimental data corresponding to the battery when it has not deposited lithium as the target charging data for the battery at the specified rate, so as to perform charging processing on the battery based on the target charging data.

[0036] On the other hand, this application provides a charging control device, including:

[0037] An acquisition module is used to acquire target charging data when the battery is being charged at a certain rate, wherein the target charging data is determined by the charging rate determination method described in the first aspect.

[0038] The control module is used to control the battery to perform constant current charging based on the target charging data;

[0039] The control module is also used to control the battery to perform constant voltage charging when the real-time voltage of the battery reaches the preset voltage, until the real-time charging capacity of the battery reaches the preset charging capacity, and then control the battery to stop charging.

[0040] On the other hand, this application provides an electronic device, including: a processor, and a memory communicatively connected to the processor;

[0041] The memory stores computer-executed instructions;

[0042] The processor executes computer execution instructions stored in the memory to implement the charging rate determination method as described in the first aspect, or to implement the charging control method as described in the second aspect.

[0043] On the other hand, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions, which, when executed, cause the computer to perform the charging rate determination method as described in the first aspect, or to perform the charging control method as described in the second aspect.

[0044] On the other hand, this application provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the charging rate determination method as described in the first aspect, or implements the charging control method as described in the second aspect.

[0045] This application provides a method for determining the charging rate, a charging control method, an apparatus, and a device. The charging rate determination method is used to determine the charging rate data when controlling the charging of a lithium-ion battery. Specifically, it acquires the Nth set of experimental data for the battery, controls the battery charging using the Nth set of experimental data and a preset charging capacity, and acquires parameter information during battery charging. When it is determined based on the parameter information that the battery is undergoing lithium plating, N is incremented by 1, and the process returns to acquiring the Nth set of experimental data until it is determined based on the parameter information that the battery is not undergoing lithium plating. The latest acquired Nth set of experimental data is then used as the target charging data for the battery, thereby enabling the battery to be charged according to the target charging data.

[0046] That is, a preset battery charging capacity and charging time are established, and multiple sets of experimental data are set based on the preset charging capacity and preset charging time. By continuously testing whether the battery can be charged without lithium plating when controlled according to a set of experimental data, it is determined whether that set of experimental data can be used to control the lithium-ion battery to reach the preset charging capacity within the preset charging time. When the battery is charged without lithium plating when controlled according to the set of experimental data, that set of experimental data is determined as the target charging data for controlling the lithium-ion battery charging in terms of charging rate. Therefore, when the preset charging time is small, the charging rate determination method provided in this application can improve the charging mechanism of lithium-ion batteries, so that controlling the charging of lithium-ion batteries in terms of charging rate can achieve both fast charging and avoid lithium plating. Attached Figure Description

[0047] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this disclosure.

[0048] Figure 1 A schematic diagram illustrating an application scenario of the charging rate determination method provided in this application;

[0049] Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating a method for determining the charging rate according to an embodiment of this application;

[0050] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of an abnormal inflection point in a charging rate determination method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0051] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of an abnormal inflection point in a charging rate determination method provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0052] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of an abnormal turning point in a charging rate determination method provided in yet another embodiment of this application;

[0053] Figure 6 A schematic flowchart of a charging control method provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0054] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a charging rate determination device provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0055] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a charging control device provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0056] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of an electronic device provided for one embodiment of this application.

[0057] The accompanying drawings have illustrated specific embodiments of this disclosure, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept in any way, but rather to illustrate the concepts of this disclosure to those skilled in the art through reference to particular embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0058] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numerals in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this disclosure. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this disclosure as detailed in the appended claims.

[0059] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0060] Lithium plating in lithium-ion batteries is an extremely common anomaly in the lithium battery industry. The most common cause of lithium plating is improper charging mechanisms, which include lithium plating due to low-temperature charging, high-rate charging, and overcharging. High-rate charging causes lithium plating because continuously increasing the charging rate at room temperature prevents the negative electrode of the lithium-ion battery from quickly intercalating lithium, thus triggering lithium plating.

[0061] Improving the charging mechanism of lithium-ion batteries so that charging can be fast while avoiding lithium plating when controlling the charging rate remains an urgent problem to be solved.

[0062] Based on this, this application provides a charging rate determination method, a charging control method, an apparatus, and a device. The charging rate determination method is used to determine the charging rate data when controlling the charging of a lithium-ion battery. Specifically, it acquires the Nth set of experimental data for the battery, controls the battery charging using the Nth set of experimental data and a preset charging capacity, and acquires parameter information during battery charging. When it is determined based on the parameter information that the battery is undergoing lithium plating, N is incremented by 1, and the process returns to acquiring the Nth set of experimental data until it is determined based on the parameter information that the battery is not undergoing lithium plating. The latest acquired Nth set of experimental data is then used as the target charging data for the battery, thereby enabling the battery to be charged according to the target charging data.

[0063] That is, a preset battery charging capacity and charging time are established, and multiple sets of experimental data are set based on the preset charging capacity and preset charging time. By continuously testing whether the battery can be charged without lithium plating when controlled according to a set of experimental data, it is determined whether that set of experimental data can be used to control the lithium-ion battery to reach the preset charging capacity within the preset charging time. When the battery is charged without lithium plating when controlled according to the set of experimental data, that set of experimental data is determined as the target charging data for controlling the lithium-ion battery charging in terms of charging rate. Therefore, when the preset charging time is small, the charging rate determination method provided in this application can improve the charging mechanism of lithium-ion batteries, so that controlling the charging of lithium-ion batteries in terms of charging rate can achieve both fast charging and avoid lithium plating.

[0064] The charging rate determination method provided in this application is applied to electronic devices, such as controllers installed in terminal devices, controllers for remotely controlling terminal devices, etc., and the terminal devices contain lithium-ion batteries. Figure 1 This diagram illustrates the application of the charging rate determination method provided in this application. In the diagram, the electronic device controls battery charging using the Nth set of experimental data and a preset charging capacity, and acquires parameter information during battery charging. When lithium plating is determined based on this parameter information, N is incremented by 1, and the process returns to the step of acquiring the Nth set of experimental data for the battery, until it is determined based on this parameter information that the battery has not plating lithium. The Nth set of experimental data corresponding to the point where lithium plating has not occurred is then used as the target charging data for the battery at the specified charging rate.

[0065] Please see Figure 2 One embodiment of this application provides a method for determining the charging rate, including:

[0066] S210, acquire the Nth set of experimental data for the battery, control the charging of the battery with the Nth set of experimental data and the preset charging capacity, and acquire the parameter information of the battery during charging, where N is a positive integer and is initially 1; the Nth set of experimental data includes at least multiple charging rates and the charging time corresponding to each charging rate; the sum of the charging times corresponding to multiple charging rates is less than or equal to the preset charging time.

[0067] After obtaining the battery's preset charging capacity and preset charging time, multiple sets of experimental data can be randomly generated, or multiple sets of experimental data can be manually set. Each set of experimental data includes multiple charging rates and the corresponding charging time for each charging rate. The sum of the charging times for multiple charging rates is less than or equal to the preset charging time. It should be noted that the charging time for each charging rate is the maximum charging time that allows the battery to charge without lithium plating at that charging rate.

[0068] Assume the preset charging capacity is Q 预 The total capacity of the battery is Q. 总 The preset charging time is T, and the multiple charging rates corresponding to a set of experimental data are I1, I2, I3, ... I i The multiple charging rates correspond to multiple charging durations, namely t1, t2, t3, ... t. i When setting up a set of experimental data, it is necessary to satisfy Q. 总 ≥I1×t1+I2×t2+I3×t3+…+I i ×t i ≥Q 预 And t1+t2+t3+…+t i ≤T.

[0069] When controlling the battery charging using the Nth set of experimental data and the preset charging capacity, the battery is controlled to undergo multiple stages of constant current charging according to each charging rate. The battery charging proceeds from a high current to a low current. In an optional embodiment, when controlling the battery charging using the Nth set of experimental data and the preset charging capacity, multiple charging rates are sorted according to their magnitude, and the battery is controlled to undergo constant current charging in the order of high-rate charging to low-rate charging according to the sorting result and the charging time corresponding to each charging rate. When the real-time voltage of the battery reaches the preset voltage, the battery is controlled to undergo constant voltage charging until the real-time charging capacity of the battery reaches the preset charging capacity, at which point the charging process ends.

[0070] For example, the sorting result includes M (M is a natural number greater than 1) charging rates arranged in ascending order, where the Mth charging rate is the largest among the charging rates. When controlling the battery to charge from a high rate to a low rate according to the sorting result and the charging time corresponding to each charging rate, firstly, the battery is controlled to undergo constant current charging using the Mth charging rate and its corresponding Mth charging time. Then, M is decremented by 1, and the step of controlling the battery to undergo constant current charging using the Mth charging rate and its corresponding Mth charging time is repeated until the real-time voltage of the battery reaches the preset voltage.

[0071] For example, if M equals 4, the Mth charging rate is 3C, the (M-1)th charging rate is 2.5C, the (M-2)th charging rate is 2C, the (M-3)th charging rate is 1.5C, and the preset voltage is 4.5V, then when controlling the battery for constant current charging, a 3C current is first used to control the battery for constant current charging until the battery charging time reaches the charging time t corresponding to 3C. M Charging is stopped at this point. Then, a constant current of 2.5C is used to control the battery's charging until the charging time reaches the 2.5C charging time t. M-1 Charging is stopped at this point. Then, a constant current of 2C is used to control the battery's charging until the charging time reaches the 2C charging time t. M-2 Charging is stopped at this point. Finally, the battery is charged at a constant current of 1.5C until the charging time reaches the charging time t corresponding to 1.5C. M-3 Charging is stopped when the real-time voltage of the battery reaches the preset voltage of 4.5V. The battery is then controlled to perform constant voltage charging, and charging is stopped when the real-time current is 0.02C. Charging continues until the real-time charging capacity of the battery reaches the preset charging capacity, at which point the charging process ends.

[0072] S220, when it is determined that the battery has lithium plating based on the parameter information, N is incremented by 1, and the process returns to the step of obtaining the Nth set of experimental data for the battery, until it is determined that the battery has not plating lithium based on the re-obtained parameter information. The Nth set of experimental data corresponding to the battery when it has not plating lithium is used as the target charging data for the battery at the specified rate, so as to achieve charging processing of the battery based on the target charging data.

[0073] This parameter information refers to information that can be used to determine whether the battery has undergone lithium plating during charging, such as the battery's conductivity and capacity.

[0074] In an optional embodiment, the parameter information includes at least one or more of the following sets of information: the first set of information includes the real-time thickness and real-time capacity of the battery; the second set of information includes the real-time voltage and real-time capacity of the battery; the third set of information includes the real-time conductivity of the battery; and the fourth set of information includes the negative electrode surface density of the battery.

[0075] When determining whether a battery has undergone lithium plating based on the first set of information, a first characteristic curve is constructed based on the battery's real-time thickness and real-time capacity. When the battery is not undergoing lithium plating, its real-time thickness increases slowly with its real-time capacity; the increase in thickness is only related to the amount of charge applied and is unaffected by the charging rate. When the battery undergoes lithium plating, the thickness of the battery cells increases abnormally rapidly, causing a sudden change in the battery voltage, which is clearly reflected on the first characteristic curve. Specifically, when the battery undergoes lithium plating, an abnormal inflection point will appear on the first characteristic curve; that is, when an abnormal inflection point appears on the first characteristic curve, lithium plating is confirmed. Please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 3 Optionally, a reference battery thickness and reference battery capacity can be obtained when the battery is charged to a preset charging capacity and no lithium plating occurs, and a first reference characteristic curve can be constructed based on the reference battery thickness and reference battery capacity. Figure 3 Curve 1 in the text). Then compare this first reference characteristic curve ( Figure 3 Curve 1) and the first characteristic curve ( Figure 3 In curve 2), when the first reference characteristic curve and the first characteristic curve are different, it is determined that the first characteristic curve has an abnormal inflection point (such as curve 2). Figure 3 Chinese M The corresponding marked points are used to determine whether lithium has been deposited in the battery. If no abnormal inflection point appears on the first characteristic curve, it is determined that lithium has not been deposited during the charging process of the battery.

[0076] When determining whether a battery has undergone lithium plating based on the second set of information, a second characteristic curve for the battery is constructed based on its real-time voltage and real-time capacity. When the battery is not undergoing lithium plating, its voltage increases with increasing charging time and capacity, and this voltage increase is unaffected by the charging rate. However, when lithium plating occurs, it causes a sudden change in the battery voltage, resulting in an abnormal inflection point on the second characteristic curve. Therefore, when an abnormal inflection point appears on the second characteristic curve, lithium plating is confirmed. Please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 4 Optionally, a reference battery voltage and reference battery capacity can be obtained when the battery is charged to a preset charging capacity and no lithium plating occurs, and a second reference characteristic curve can be constructed based on the reference battery voltage and reference battery capacity. Figure 4 Curve 1 in the middle). Then compare the second reference characteristic curve ( Figure 4Curve 1) and the second characteristic curve ( Figure 4 (Curve 2 in the text) When the second reference characteristic curve and the second characteristic curve are different, an abnormal inflection point is determined for the second characteristic curve (e.g., curve 2 in the text). Figure 4 Chinese M The corresponding marked points are used to determine whether lithium has been deposited in the battery. When no abnormal inflection point appears on the second characteristic curve, it is determined that lithium has not been deposited during the charging process of the battery.

[0077] When determining whether a battery has undergone lithium plating based on the third set of information, a third characteristic curve is constructed based on the battery's real-time conductivity and charging time. When the battery is not undergoing lithium plating, its conductivity increases with charging time. However, when lithium plating occurs, it causes a sudden change in conductivity, resulting in an abnormal inflection point on the third characteristic curve. Therefore, when an abnormal inflection point appears on the third characteristic curve, lithium plating is confirmed. When no abnormal inflection point appears on the third characteristic curve, lithium plating is confirmed to have not occurred during the charging process. Please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 5 Optionally, a reference conductivity can be obtained when the battery is charged to a preset charging capacity without lithium plating, and a third reference characteristic curve can be constructed based on the reference conductivity and charging time. Figure 5 Curve 1 in the middle). Then compare this third reference characteristic curve ( Figure 5 Curve 1) and the third characteristic curve ( Figure 5 (Curve 2 in the text) When the third reference characteristic curve and the third characteristic curve are different, an abnormal inflection point is determined for the third characteristic curve (e.g., curve 2 in the text). Figure 5 Chinese M The corresponding marked points are used to determine whether lithium has been deposited in the battery. When no abnormal inflection point appears on the third characteristic curve, it is determined that lithium has not been deposited during the charging process of the battery.

[0078] When determining whether a battery has undergone lithium plating based on the fourth set of information, the determination is made by checking whether the negative electrode isal density is less than a preset negative electrode isal density. If the negative electrode isal density is less than or equal to the preset negative electrode isal density, it is determined that the battery has not undergone lithium plating during charging. Conversely, if the negative electrode isal density is greater than the preset negative electrode isal density, it is determined that lithium plating has occurred during charging. The preset negative electrode isal density refers to the maximum negative electrode isal density of the battery determined based on its material properties. If the negative electrode isal density measured during charging exceeds the maximum negative electrode isal density, it indicates that lithium plating has occurred during charging, leading to a significant change in the battery's material properties.

[0079] To determine whether a battery has undergone lithium plating, a first result can be obtained based on a first set of information, a second result based on a second set of information, a third result based on a third set of information, and a fourth result based on a fourth set of information. A comprehensive judgment is then made regarding whether the battery has undergone lithium plating. Specifically, lithium plating is determined only when all four results indicate lithium plating. Alternatively, lithium plating is determined when any two or three of the four results indicate lithium plating. Or, lithium plating is determined when any one of the four results indicates lithium plating. Preferably, lithium plating is determined when any one of the four results indicates lithium plating. If all four results indicate no lithium plating, then the battery has not undergone lithium plating during the charging process.

[0080] This parameter information can also include other information, as long as it can be used to determine whether the battery has undergone lithium plating. This embodiment only describes a few methods for determining whether the battery has undergone lithium plating. In practice, other methods can also be used to determine whether the battery has undergone lithium plating, and this embodiment does not limit them.

[0081] When lithium plating occurs in the battery, it indicates that the Nth set of experimental data is unusable. In this case, N is incremented by 1, and the process returns to step S210. The battery is then charged again using a new set of experimental data and a preset charging capacity, and the battery's charging parameters are used to determine whether lithium plating has occurred. Similarly, if lithium plating still occurs when the battery is charged using the new set of experimental data and the preset charging capacity, it proves that the new set of experimental data is also unusable. In this case, N is incremented by 1, and the process returns to step S210. This continues until the parameter information determines that the battery has not plating lithium, and the Nth set of experimental data corresponding to the point where lithium plating has not occurred is used as the target charging data for the battery at the specified rate. For example, if lithium plating occurs while the battery is charged using the first set of experimental data and the preset charging capacity, then the second set of experimental data and the preset charging capacity are used to control the charging. If lithium plating occurs while the battery is charged using the second set of experimental data and the preset charging capacity, then the third set of experimental data and the preset charging capacity are used to control the charging. If lithium plating does not occur during the charging process of the battery using the experimental data from the third group and the preset charging capacity, then the experimental data from the third group is determined as the target charging data for the battery at the specified rate.

[0082] It should be noted that, in order to ensure the accuracy of the test, when the battery is recharged after lithium plating using the Nth set of experimental data and the preset charging capacity, the battery being charged is another battery of the same specification as the battery that has already been lithium plating, not the battery that has already been lithium plating.

[0083] After determining the target charging data for the battery at the specified charging rate, the battery can be controlled to charge at the target charging data and the preset charging capacity. In this case, the charging time will be equal to the preset charging time. If the preset charging time is short, fast charging of the battery can be achieved.

[0084] In summary, this embodiment provides a method for determining the charging rate, a charging control method, an apparatus, and a device. The method for determining the charging rate is used to determine the charging rate data when controlling the charging of a lithium-ion battery. Specifically, it acquires the Nth set of experimental data for the battery, controls the battery charging using the Nth set of experimental data and a preset charging capacity, and acquires parameter information during battery charging. When it is determined that lithium plating has occurred in the battery based on the parameter information, N is incremented by 1, and the process returns to the step of acquiring the Nth set of experimental data for the battery, until it is determined that the battery has not plating lithium based on the parameter information. The Nth set of experimental data corresponding to the point where lithium plating has not occurred is then used as the target charging data for the battery, so as to achieve charging processing of the battery based on the target charging data.

[0085] That is, the charging capacity and charging time of the battery are preset, and multiple sets of experimental data are set according to the preset charging capacity and preset charging time. By continuously testing whether the battery can achieve lithium plating-free charging when controlled according to a set of experimental data, it is determined whether the set of experimental data can be used to control the lithium-ion battery to reach the preset charging capacity within the preset charging time. When the battery does not achieve lithium plating when controlled according to the set of experimental data, the set of experimental data is determined as the target charging data for controlling the battery charging in the manner of charging rate. Therefore, when the preset charging time is small, the charging rate determination method provided in this embodiment can improve the charging mechanism of lithium-ion batteries, so that when controlling the charging of lithium-ion batteries in the manner of charging rate, both fast charging and lithium plating can be achieved.

[0086] Please see Figure 6 An embodiment of this application also provides a charging control method that can be applied to a controller for controlling the charging of lithium-ion batteries.

[0087] The charging control method includes:

[0088] S610 acquires target charging data during battery rate charging.

[0089] The target charging data is determined using the charging rate determination method provided in any of the above embodiments. When the device executing the charging rate determination method is different from this device, the target charging data can be obtained from the device executing the charging rate determination method via data transmission. This embodiment does not limit the specific method of data transmission, as long as it enables this device to obtain the target charging data.

[0090] S620 controls the battery to perform constant current charging based on the target charging data.

[0091] The target charging data includes multiple target charging rates and a target charging duration corresponding to each target charging rate. When controlling the battery to perform constant current charging based on the target charging data, the battery is controlled to perform constant current charging in one stage, using one target charging rate and its corresponding target charging duration. Ultimately, this achieves multi-stage constant current charging of the battery using multiple target charging rates and their corresponding target charging durations.

[0092] Specifically, multiple target charging rates are sorted according to their magnitude, resulting in Z (a natural number greater than 1) target charging rates arranged in ascending order. The Zth target charging rate is the largest among these. First, the battery is controlled to undergo constant current charging using the Zth target charging rate and its corresponding Zth charging duration. Then, Z is decremented by 1, and the process of controlling the battery to undergo constant current charging using the Zth target charging rate and its corresponding Zth charging duration is repeated until the battery's real-time voltage reaches the preset voltage.

[0093] For example, if Z equals 4, the Z-th charging rate is 3C, the (Z-1)-th charging rate is 2.5C, the (Z-2)-th charging rate is 2C, the (Z-3)-th charging rate is 1.5C, and the preset voltage is 4.5V, then when controlling the battery for constant current charging, a 3C current is first used to control the battery for constant current charging until the battery charging time reaches the charging time t corresponding to 3C. Z Charging is stopped at this point. Then, a constant current of 2.5C is used to control the battery's charging until the charging time reaches the 2.5C charging time t. Z-1 Charging is stopped at this point. Then, a constant current of 2C is used to control the battery's charging until the charging time reaches the 2C charging time t. Z-2 Charging is stopped at this point. Finally, the battery is charged at a constant current of 1.5C until the charging time reaches the charging time t corresponding to 1.5C. Z-3 Charging will stop when the time is right.

[0094] S630: When the real-time voltage of the battery reaches the preset voltage, control the battery to perform constant voltage charging until the real-time charging capacity of the battery reaches the preset charging capacity, then control the battery to stop charging.

[0095] In the example above where Z equals 4, the charging time t corresponds to a charging time of 1.5C for this battery. Z-3 Charging is stopped when the real-time voltage of the battery reaches the preset voltage of 4.5V. The battery is then controlled to perform constant voltage charging, and charging is stopped when the real-time current is 0.02C. Charging continues until the real-time charging capacity of the battery reaches the preset charging capacity, at which point the charging process ends.

[0096] In summary, this embodiment provides a charging control method, including: acquiring target charging data when the battery is being charged at a certain rate; controlling the battery to perform constant current charging based on the target charging data; controlling the battery to perform constant voltage charging when the real-time voltage of the battery reaches a preset voltage, until the real-time charging capacity of the battery reaches the preset charging capacity, and then controlling the battery to stop charging.

[0097] When determining the target charging data for the battery at the charging rate, the battery's charging capacity and charging time are preset, and multiple sets of experimental data are set based on the preset charging capacity and preset charging time. By continuously testing whether controlling the battery charging according to a set of experimental data can prevent lithium plating, it is determined whether the set of experimental data can be used to control the lithium-ion battery to reach the preset charging capacity within the preset charging time. When controlling the battery charging according to the set of experimental data does not result in lithium plating, the set of experimental data is determined as the target charging data for controlling the lithium-ion battery charging in the manner of charging rate. When the preset charging time is short, controlling the lithium-ion battery charging according to the charging control method provided in this embodiment can improve the charging mechanism of the lithium-ion battery, so that controlling the lithium-ion battery charging in the manner of charging rate can achieve both fast charging and prevent lithium plating.

[0098] Please see Figure 7 An embodiment of this application also provides a charging rate determining device 10, comprising:

[0099] The acquisition module 11 is used to acquire the Nth set of experimental data of the battery, where N is a positive integer. The Nth set of experimental data includes at least multiple charging rates and the charging time corresponding to each charging rate; the sum of the charging times corresponding to multiple charging rates is less than or equal to the preset charging time.

[0100] The control module 12 is used to control the charging of the battery based on the Nth set of experimental data and the preset charging capacity.

[0101] The acquisition module 11 is also used to acquire parameter information when the battery is charging.

[0102] The control module 12 is also used to increment N by 1 and return to the Nth set of experimental data of the battery when it is determined that the battery has been lithium-plated based on the parameter information.

[0103] The acquisition module 11 is also used to determine that the battery has not been lithium-plated based on the reacquired parameter information, and to use the Nth set of experimental data corresponding to the battery when it has not been lithium-plated as the target charging data when the battery is charged at a higher rate, so as to realize the charging process of the battery based on the target charging data.

[0104] The control module 12 is specifically used to sort the multiple charging rates according to the size of each charging rate to obtain a sorting result; if the sorting result is a charging rate arranged from largest to smallest, then according to the sorting result, the battery is controlled to perform constant current charging in the order of charging from the largest charging rate to the smallest charging rate, according to the charging time corresponding to the charging rate; during the constant current charging process, when the real-time voltage of the battery reaches the preset voltage, the battery is controlled to perform constant voltage charging until the real-time charging capacity of the battery reaches the preset charging capacity, and then the battery is controlled to stop charging.

[0105] If the sorting result includes M charging rates arranged in ascending order, where the Mth charging rate is the largest among the multiple charging rates, and M is a natural number greater than 1, the control module 12 is specifically used to control the battery to perform constant current charging with the Mth charging rate and the corresponding Mth charging time; M is decremented by 1, and this step is repeated until the real-time voltage of the battery reaches the preset voltage.

[0106] The parameter information includes at least one or more of the following sets of information: the first set of information includes the real-time thickness and real-time capacity of the battery; the second set of information includes the real-time voltage and real-time capacity of the battery; and the third set of information includes the real-time conductivity of the battery. Specifically, the control module 12 is used to construct a first characteristic curve of the battery based on its real-time thickness and real-time capacity, and to determine lithium plating when an abnormal inflection point appears on the first characteristic curve; and / or, to construct a second characteristic curve of the battery based on its real-time voltage and real-time capacity, and to determine lithium plating when an abnormal inflection point appears on the second characteristic curve; and / or, to construct a third characteristic curve of the battery based on its real-time conductivity and charging time, and to determine lithium plating when an abnormal inflection point appears on the third characteristic curve; and / or, to determine lithium plating when the negative electrode surface density of the battery is greater than a preset negative electrode surface density.

[0107] Please see Figure 8 An embodiment of this application also provides a charging control device 20, comprising:

[0108] The acquisition module 21 is used to acquire target charging data when the battery is charged at a certain rate. The target charging data is determined by the charging rate determination method provided in any of the above embodiments.

[0109] The control module 22 is used to control the battery to perform constant current charging based on the target charging data.

[0110] The control module 22 is also used to control the battery to perform constant voltage charging when the real-time voltage of the battery reaches the preset voltage, and to control the battery to stop charging when the real-time charging capacity of the battery reaches the preset charging capacity.

[0111] The target charging data includes multiple target charging rates and the target charging duration corresponding to each target charging rate. The control module 22 is specifically used to sort the multiple target charging rates according to the size of each target charging rate. The sorting result includes Z target charging rates arranged from smallest to largest, where the Zth target charging rate is the largest charging rate among the multiple target charging rates, and Z is a natural number greater than 1. The battery is controlled to perform constant current charging with the Zth target charging rate and the Zth charging duration corresponding to the Zth target charging rate. Z is decremented by 1, and the step of controlling the battery to perform constant current charging with the Zth target charging rate and the Zth charging duration corresponding to the Zth target charging rate is repeated until the real-time voltage of the battery reaches the preset voltage.

[0112] Please see Figure 9 One embodiment of this application also provides an electronic device 30, which includes a processor 31 and a memory 32 communicatively connected to the processor 31. The memory 32 stores computer-executable instructions, and the processor 31 executes the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory 32 to implement the charging rate determination method provided in any of the above embodiments, or to implement the charging control method provided in any of the above embodiments.

[0113] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions. When the instructions are executed, they cause the processor to execute the computer-executable instructions to implement the charging rate determination method provided in any of the preceding embodiments, or to implement the charging control method provided in any of the preceding embodiments.

[0114] This application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the charging rate determination method as provided in any of the preceding embodiments, or implements the charging control method as provided in any of the preceding embodiments.

[0115] It should be noted that the aforementioned computer-readable storage media can be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), magnetic random access memory (FRAM), flash memory, magnetic surface memory, optical disc, or compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), etc. It can also be various electronic devices that include one or any combination of the above-mentioned memories, such as mobile phones, computers, tablet devices, personal digital assistants, etc.

[0116] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0117] The sequence numbers of the embodiments in this application are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments.

[0118] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms. Of course, they can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk) and includes several instructions to cause a terminal device (which may be a mobile phone, computer, server, air conditioner, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments of this application.

[0119] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart... Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0120] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0121] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0122] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and do not limit the patent scope of this application. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made using the content of this application's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A charge rate determination method characterized by comprising: include: The Nth set of experimental data for the battery is acquired. The battery is charged using the Nth set of experimental data and a preset charging capacity. Parameter information during battery charging is also acquired. This parameter information includes at least one or more of the following: the first set of information includes the real-time thickness and real-time capacity of the battery; the third set of information includes the real-time conductivity of the battery; and the fourth set of information includes the negative electrode surface density of the battery. N is a positive integer and is initially set to 1. The Nth set of experimental data includes at least multiple charging rates and the charging time corresponding to each charging rate. The sum of the charging times corresponding to multiple charging rates is less than or equal to the preset charging time. When it is determined that the battery has lithium plating based on the parameter information, N is incremented by 1, and the process returns to the step of obtaining the Nth set of experimental data for the battery. The Nth set of experimental data is different from the (N-1)th set of experimental data, until it is determined that the battery has not plating lithium based on the re-obtained parameter information. The Nth set of experimental data corresponding to the battery not plating lithium is then used as the target charging data for the battery at the specified rate, so as to perform charging processing on the battery based on the target charging data. The step of determining the lithium plating of the battery based on the parameter information includes: A first characteristic curve of the battery is constructed based on its real-time thickness and real-time capacity. When an abnormal inflection point appears on the first characteristic curve, lithium plating of the battery is determined; and / or, A third characteristic curve of the battery is constructed based on its real-time conductivity and charging time. When an abnormal inflection point appears on the third characteristic curve, lithium plating of the battery is determined; and / or, When the surface density of the negative electrode of the battery is greater than the preset surface density of the negative electrode, lithium plating of the battery is determined.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The method of controlling battery charging based on the Nth set of experimental data and a preset charging capacity includes: The multiple charging rates are sorted according to the magnitude of each charging rate to obtain a sorting result; If the sorting result is a charging rate arranged from largest to smallest, then according to the sorting result, the battery is controlled to be charged at a constant current in the order of charging from a large rate to a small rate, based on the charging time corresponding to the charging rate. During constant current charging, when the real-time voltage of the battery reaches the preset voltage, the battery is controlled to perform constant voltage charging until the real-time charging capacity of the battery reaches the preset charging capacity, at which point the battery is controlled to stop charging.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein, If the sorting result includes M charging rates arranged in ascending order, then the step of controlling the battery to perform constant current charging in the order of charging from a high rate to a low rate according to the sorting result and the charging time corresponding to the charging rate includes: The battery is controlled to perform constant current charging with the Mth charging rate and the Mth charging time corresponding to the Mth charging rate; M is decremented by 1, and this step is repeated until the real-time voltage of the battery reaches the preset voltage. Wherein, the Mth charging rate is the largest among multiple charging rates; M is a natural number greater than 1.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The parameter information also includes a second set of information, which includes the real-time voltage and real-time capacity of the battery. Determining the lithium plating of the battery based on the parameter information includes: A second characteristic curve of the battery is constructed based on the real-time voltage and real-time capacity of the battery. When an abnormal inflection point appears on the second characteristic curve, lithium plating of the battery is determined.

5. A charge control method characterized by, include: Obtain target charging data when charging the battery at a certain rate, wherein the target charging data is determined by the charging rate determination method according to any one of claims 1-4; The battery is controlled to perform constant current charging based on the target charging data; When the real-time voltage of the battery reaches the preset voltage, the battery is controlled to perform constant voltage charging until the real-time charging capacity of the battery reaches the preset charging capacity, at which point the charging of the battery is stopped.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein, The target charging data includes multiple target charging rates and a target charging duration corresponding to each target charging rate. Controlling the battery to perform constant current charging based on the target charging data includes: Multiple target charging rates are sorted according to the magnitude of each target charging rate. The sorting result includes Z target charging rates arranged from smallest to largest, where the Zth target charging rate is the largest charging rate among the multiple target charging rates, and Z is a natural number greater than 1. The battery is controlled to perform constant current charging based on the Zth target charging rate and the Zth charging duration corresponding to the Zth target charging rate. Decrease Z by 1, and repeat the step described above, controlling the battery to perform constant current charging with the Zth target charging rate and the Zth charging duration corresponding to the Zth target charging rate, until the real-time voltage of the battery reaches the preset voltage.

7. A charge rate determining device characterized by comprising: include: The acquisition module is used to acquire the Nth set of experimental data of the battery, where N is a positive integer. The Nth set of experimental data includes at least multiple charging rates and the charging time corresponding to each charging rate; the sum of the charging times corresponding to the multiple charging rates is less than or equal to a preset charging time. The control module is used to control the charging of the battery based on the Nth set of experimental data and the preset charging capacity. The acquisition module is also used to acquire parameter information of the battery during charging; wherein the parameter information includes at least any one or more of the following sets of information: the first set of information includes the real-time thickness of the battery and the real-time capacity of the battery, the third set of information includes the real-time conductivity of the battery, and the fourth set of information includes the negative electrode surface density of the battery. The control module is also used to increment N by 1 and return to the Nth set of experimental data obtained from the battery in the execution step when it is determined that the battery is lithium-plated based on the parameter information; wherein the Nth set of experimental data is different from the (N-1)th set of experimental data; The acquisition module is further configured to determine that the battery has not been lithium-plated based on the reacquired parameter information, and to use the Nth set of experimental data corresponding to the battery not being lithium-plated as the target charging data when the battery is charged at a certain rate, so as to perform charging processing on the battery based on the target charging data. When determining lithium plating in the battery based on the parameter information, the control module is specifically used to construct a first characteristic curve of the battery based on the real-time thickness and real-time capacity of the battery, and determine lithium plating when an abnormal inflection point appears on the first characteristic curve; and / or, construct a third characteristic curve of the battery based on the real-time conductivity and charging time of the battery, and determine lithium plating when an abnormal inflection point appears on the third characteristic curve; and / or, determine lithium plating when the negative electrode surface density of the battery is greater than a preset negative electrode surface density.

8. A charge control device, characterized by comprising: include: An acquisition module is used to acquire target charging data when the battery is charged at a certain rate, wherein the target charging data is determined by the charging rate determination method according to any one of claims 1-4; The control module is used to control the battery to perform constant current charging based on the target charging data; The control module is also used to control the battery to perform constant voltage charging when the real-time voltage of the battery reaches the preset voltage, until the real-time charging capacity of the battery reaches the preset charging capacity, and then control the battery to stop charging.

9. An electronic device, comprising: include: A processor, and a memory communicatively connected to the processor; The memory stores computer-executed instructions; The processor executes computer execution instructions stored in the memory to implement the charging rate determination method as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, or to implement the charging control method as described in claim 5 or claim 6.

10. A computer readable storage medium characterized by, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions that, when executed, cause the computer to perform the charging rate determination method as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, or to perform the charging control method as described in claim 5 or claim 6.

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