Antenna and method of manufacturing the same, communication system

Abstract

The present disclosure provides an antenna and a preparation method thereof and a communication system, and belongs to the technical field of communication. The antenna comprises a dielectric layer, a first electrode arranged on the dielectric layer and having at least one first opening, at least one radiation structure arranged on a side of the dielectric layer away from the first electrode, and a projection of the radiation structure on the dielectric layer being located within a projection of the first opening on the dielectric layer, at least one first feed line and at least one second feed line arranged on the side of the dielectric layer away from the first electrode, and one radiation structure being electrically connected to one first feed line and one second feed line respectively, wherein the first feed line and the second feed line connected to the same radiation structure are symmetrically arranged with a straight line in a length direction of the antenna and penetrating through a center of the first opening as a symmetric axis.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure belongs to the field of communication technology, specifically relating to an antenna and its preparation method, and a communication system. Background Technology

[0002] Compared to 4G (the 4th generation mobile communication technology), 5G (5th generation mobile networks) offers advantages such as higher data rates, larger network capacity, and lower latency. 5G frequency planning includes both low-frequency and high-frequency bands. The low-frequency band (3-6GHz) has excellent propagation characteristics and abundant spectrum resources; therefore, the development of antenna elements and arrays for low-frequency communication applications has gradually become a research hotspot.

[0003] Based on the practical application scenarios of 5G mobile communication, 5G low-frequency band antennas should have technical characteristics such as high gain, miniaturization, and wide bandwidth. Microstrip antennas are a commonly used antenna type that is simple in structure, easy to array, and capable of achieving high gain. However, their narrow bandwidth and large antenna size in the low-frequency band limit their application in 5G low-frequency mobile communication. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, and to provide an antenna and its manufacturing method, and a communication system.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide an antenna, which includes:

[0006] Dielectric layer;

[0007] A first electrode is disposed on the dielectric layer, and the first electrode has at least one first opening;

[0008] At least one radiating structure is disposed on the side of the dielectric layer opposite to the first electrode, and the orthographic projection of the radiating structure on the dielectric layer is located within the orthographic projection of the first opening on the dielectric layer.

[0009] At least one first feed line and at least one second feed line are disposed on the side of the dielectric layer opposite to the first electrode, and one of the radiating structures is electrically connected to one first feed line and one second feed line, respectively; wherein,

[0010] The first feed line and the second feed line, which are connected to the same radiation structure, are symmetrically arranged with a straight line passing through the center of the first opening and parallel to the plane where the first electrode is located as the axis of symmetry.

[0011] Wherein, at least one of the first feed line and the second feed line is a microstrip line, and the feeding directions of the first feed line and the second feed line are 90° apart.

[0012] The first feed line and the second feed line each include a connecting portion and multiple branches connected to the connecting portion, and the multiple branches of the first feed line and the multiple branches of the second feed line are all connected to the radiating structure.

[0013] Wherein, the first feed line and the second feed line both overlap at least partially with the orthographic projection of the first opening on the dielectric layer; and the orthographic projections of the branches of the first feed line and the branches of the second feed line on the dielectric layer are both located within the orthographic projection of the first opening on the dielectric layer.

[0014] The radiation structure includes a first radiation element and a second radiation element spaced apart; with a straight line passing through the center of the first opening along the length of the antenna as the axis of symmetry, the first radiation element and the second radiation element in one of the radiation structures are symmetrically arranged.

[0015] One of the first feed lines is connected to a first radiating element, and one of the second feed lines is connected to a second radiating element.

[0016] Both the first radiating element and the second radiating element have a triangular plate-like structure.

[0017] The radiation structure includes a first radiating element, a second radiating element, a third radiating element, and a fourth radiating element arranged at intervals; with a straight line passing through the center of the first opening along the length direction of the antenna as the axis of symmetry, the first radiating element and the second radiating element in one radiation structure are symmetrically arranged, as are the third radiating element and the fourth radiating element; with a straight line passing through the center of the first opening along the width direction of the antenna as the axis of symmetry, the first radiating element and the third radiating element in one radiation structure are symmetrically arranged, as are the second radiating element and the fourth radiating element.

[0018] One of the first feed lines is connected to a first radiating element, and one of the second feed lines is connected to a second radiating element; or, one of the first feed lines is connected to a third radiating element, and one of the second feed lines is connected to a fourth radiating element.

[0019] The first radiating element, the second radiating element, the third radiating element, and the fourth radiating element are all triangular plate-shaped structures.

[0020] The radial structure has a rectangular outline, and the first opening is a rectangular opening.

[0021] It also includes a first power supply structure and a second power supply structure, both of which are located on the side of the dielectric layer away from the first electrode. The first power supply structure is electrically connected to the first feed line, and the second power supply structure is electrically connected to the second feed line.

[0022] The first power supply structure is disposed on the same layer as the first power supply line and the two are electrically connected; the second power supply structure is disposed on the same layer as the second power supply line and the two are electrically connected.

[0023] The first feeding structure and the second feeding structure are symmetrically arranged with a straight line passing through the center of the first opening along the length of the antenna as the axis of symmetry.

[0024] The number of the first openings is 2. n The first feeding structure includes n-level third feeders, and the second feeding structure includes n-level fourth feeders;

[0025] A third feeder located at level 1 connects two adjacent first feeders, and different third feeders located at level 1 connect to different first feeders; a third feeder located at level m connects two adjacent third feeders located at level m-1, and different third feeders located at level m connect to different third feeders located at level m-1.

[0026] A fourth feeder located at level 1 connects to two adjacent second feeders, and different fourth feeders at level 1 connect to different second feeders; a fourth feeder located at level m connects to two adjacent fourth feeders at level (m-1), and different fourth feeders at level m connect to different fourth feeders at level (m-1); where n≥2, 2≤m≤n, and m and n are both integers;

[0027] At least one of the third feed line and the fourth feed line is a microstrip line.

[0028] The antenna is divided into a feeding region and a radiating region; the first feeding structure and the second feeding structure are located in the feeding region; the radiating structure is located in the radiating region; the first electrode also has at least one second opening located in the feeding region; the second opening does not overlap with the orthographic projection of the first feeding structure and the second feeding structure onto the dielectric layer.

[0029] The dielectric layer is a single-layer structure, and its material includes polyimide or polyethylene terephthalate.

[0030] The dielectric layer includes a first sub-dielectric layer, a first adhesive layer, and a second sub-dielectric layer stacked together.

[0031] The first electrode is disposed on the side of the first sub-dielectric layer away from the first adhesive layer; the second electrode is disposed on the side of the first adhesive layer close to the first sub-dielectric layer; and the radiating structure is disposed on the side of the second sub-dielectric layer away from the first adhesive layer.

[0032] The material of the first sub-dielectric layer and / or the second sub-dielectric layer includes polyimide or polyethylene terephthalate.

[0033] Secondly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a method for fabricating an antenna, comprising:

[0034] Provide a dielectric layer;

[0035] A pattern including a first electrode is formed on one side of the dielectric layer by a patterning process; wherein a first opening is formed on the first electrode;

[0036] At least one radiating structure, at least one first feed line, and at least one second feed line are formed on the side of the dielectric layer opposite to the first electrode; and each of the radiating structures is electrically connected to one first feed line and one second feed line, respectively; wherein,

[0037] The first feed line and the second feed line, which are connected to the same radiating structure, are symmetrically arranged with a straight line passing through the center of the first opening along the length of the antenna as the axis of symmetry.

[0038] Thirdly, this disclosure provides a communication system that includes any of the antennas described above.

[0039] The communication system further includes:

[0040] A transceiver unit is used to send or receive signals.

[0041] A radio frequency transceiver, connected to the transceiver unit, is used to modulate the signal transmitted by the transceiver unit, or to demodulate the signal received by the antenna and then transmit it to the transceiver unit.

[0042] A signal amplifier, connected to the radio frequency transceiver, is used to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the signal output by the radio frequency transceiver or the signal received by the antenna;

[0043] A power amplifier, connected to the radio frequency transceiver, is used to amplify the power of the signal output by the radio frequency transceiver or the signal received by the antenna;

[0044] The filtering unit is connected to both the signal amplifier and the power amplifier, and is also connected to the antenna. It is used to filter the received signal and send it to the antenna, or to filter the signal received by the antenna. Attached Figure Description

[0045] Figure 1 This is a top view of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0046] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The image shows a partial cross-sectional view of the antenna along AA'.

[0047] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of another antenna according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0048] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of another antenna according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0049] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of another antenna according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0050] Figure 6 This is a top view of another antenna according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0051] Figure 7 This is a top view of another antenna according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0052] Figure 8 This is a top view of another antenna according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0053] Figure 9 This is a top view of another antenna according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0054] Figure 10 This is a top view of another antenna according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0055] Figure 11 This is a top view of another antenna according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0056] Figure 12 This is a top view of another antenna according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0057] Figure 13 This is a top view of another antenna according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0058] Figure 14 This is a top view of another antenna according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0059] Figure 15 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for fabricating an antenna according to an embodiment of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0060] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0061] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this disclosure shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains. The terms “first,” “second,” and similar terms used in this disclosure do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Similarly, the terms “an,” “a,” or “the,” and similar terms do not indicate a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the presence of at least one. The terms “including,” “comprising,” or “containing,” and similar terms mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. The terms “connected,” “linked,” or similar terms are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. The terms “upper,” “lower,” “left,” and “right,” etc., are used only to indicate relative positional relationships, and these relative positional relationships may change accordingly when the absolute position of the described objects changes.

[0062] Firstly, Figure 1 This is a top view of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 2 for Figure 1 The image shows a partial cross-sectional view of the antenna along AA'; as shown. Figure 1 and 2 As shown, this disclosure provides an antenna including a dielectric layer 1, a first electrode 2, at least one radiating structure 3, at least one first feed line 41, and at least one second feed line 42.

[0063] The dielectric layer 1 includes a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other along its thickness direction. A first electrode 2 is disposed on the dielectric layer 1 and has at least one first opening 21. The radiating structure 3, the first feed line 41, and the second feed line 42 are all located on different sides of the dielectric layer 1 from the first electrode 2. The orthographic projection of a radiating structure 3 onto the dielectric layer 1 lies within the orthographic projection of a first opening 21 onto the dielectric layer 1. For example, when there are multiple radiating structures 3 and multiple first openings 21, the radiating structures 3 can be arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the first openings 21. It should be noted that the first electrode 2 can be a ground electrode layer, meaning the potential written to the first electrode 2 is the ground potential. Figure 1 Taking four first openings 21 as an example, the number of first openings 21 is not limited to four and can be set according to the size of the antenna. The same applies to the number of radiating structures 3.

[0064] A radiating structure 3 is fed by a first feed line 41 and a second feed line 42, meaning that one radiating structure 3 is electrically connected to one first feed line 41 and one second feed line 42. For example, when there are multiple radiating structures 3, there are correspondingly multiple first feed lines 41 and second feed lines 42. In this case, the first feed lines 41 and second feed lines 42 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with each radiating structure 3. In particular, in the embodiments of this disclosure, the first feed lines 41 and second feed lines 42 connecting the same radiating structure 3 are symmetrically arranged with a straight line passing through the center of the first opening 21 and parallel to the plane where the first electrode 2 is located as the axis of symmetry. For example, if the first openings 21 are arranged side by side along the length direction of the first electrode, then the straight line passing through the center of the first opening 21 and parallel to the plane where the first electrode 2 is located as the axis of symmetry can be a straight line passing through the center of the first opening 21 along the length direction of the first electrode 2. The first feed lines 41 and second feed lines 42 connecting the same radiating structure 3 are symmetrically arranged with this straight line as the axis of symmetry. In this case, in this embodiment of the present disclosure, the feeding directions of the first feed line 41 and the second feed line 42 are different, that is, their polarization directions are different, and the antenna is a dual-polarized antenna. It should be noted that the feeding direction of the first feed line 41 is the direction in which the input end of the first microwave signal is excited and fed into the radiating structure 3; the feeding direction of the second feed line 42 is the direction in which the input end of the second microwave signal is excited and fed into the radiating structure 3.

[0065] The antenna provided in this embodiment has a first opening 21 on the first electrode 2 and a radiating structure 3 at the position corresponding to the opening. The first feed line 41 and the second feed line 42 connected to the same radiating structure 3 are symmetrically arranged with a straight line passing through the center of the first opening 21 along the length of the antenna as the axis of symmetry. That is, the two polarizations of the antenna are symmetrically arranged, which helps to reduce the performance difference between the feed ports of the first feed line 41 and the second feed line 42.

[0066] In some examples, at least one of the first feed line 41 and the second feed line 42 is a microstrip line. In this embodiment, it is taken that both the first feed line 41 and the second feed line 42 are microstrip lines. Further, the feeding directions of the first feed line 41 and the second feed line 42 differ by 90°. For example, one of the first feed line 41 and the second feed line 42 has a feeding direction of +45°, and the other has a feeding direction of -45°. Figure 1 As shown, the feed direction of the first feeder 41 is +45°, and the feed direction of the second feeder 42 is -45°. Of course, [the following text is incomplete and requires further context: "will..."] Figure 1 The antenna shown is rotated 90°. At this time, the feeding direction of the first feed line 41 is 0°, and the feeding direction of the second feed line 42 is 90°. In the embodiments of this disclosure, the feeding direction of the first feed line 41 is +45° and the feeding direction of the second feed line 42 is -45° as an example. At this time, the antenna is a ±45° polarized antenna.

[0067] In some examples, such as Figure 1 As shown, the dielectric layer 1 in the antenna includes, but is not limited to, flexible materials, such as polyimide (PI) or polyethylene terephthalate (PET). Of course, the dielectric layer 1 can also be glass-based. In some examples, when the dielectric layer 11 is made of PET, its thickness is 250 μm and its dielectric constant is 3.34.

[0068] In some examples, Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of another antenna according to an embodiment of this disclosure; as shown Figure 3 As shown, the dielectric layer 1 in the antenna is a composite film layer, comprising a first sub-dielectric layer 11, a first adhesive layer 12, a second sub-dielectric layer 13, a second adhesive layer 14, and a third sub-dielectric layer 15 stacked sequentially. The first electrode 2 is disposed on the side of the first sub-dielectric layer 11 facing away from the first adhesive layer 12; the radiating structure 3 is disposed on the side of the third sub-dielectric layer 15 facing away from the second adhesive layer 14. In some examples, the first sub-dielectric layer 11 and the third sub-dielectric layer 15 may be made of, but are not limited to, PI material; the second sub-dielectric layer 13 may be made of, but is not limited to, PET material. The first adhesive layer 12 and the second adhesive layer 14 may both be made of optically transparent adhesive (OCA).

[0069] In some examples, Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of another antenna according to an embodiment of this disclosure; as shown Figure 4 As shown, the dielectric layer 1 in this type of antenna and Figure 3 The antennas shown have the same dielectric layer 1 structure, including a first sub-dielectric layer 11, a first adhesive layer 12, a second sub-dielectric layer 13, a second adhesive layer 14, and a third sub-dielectric layer 15 stacked sequentially. The first electrode 2 is disposed on the side of the first sub-dielectric layer 11 near the first adhesive layer 12; the radiating structure 3 is disposed on the side of the second sub-dielectric layer 13 near the second adhesive layer 14. In some examples, the first sub-dielectric layer 11 and the third sub-dielectric layer 15 are, but are not limited to, made of PI material; the second sub-dielectric layer 13 is, but is not limited to, made of PET material. The first adhesive layer 12 and the second adhesive layer 14 can both be made of transparent optical adhesive.

[0070] In some examples, Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of another antenna according to an embodiment of this disclosure; as shown Figure 5As shown, the dielectric layer 11 in this type of antenna includes a first sub-dielectric layer 11, a first adhesive layer 12, and a second sub-dielectric layer 13 stacked together. Specifically, the first electrode 2 is disposed on the side of the first sub-dielectric layer 11 facing away from the first adhesive layer 12. The radiating structure 3 is disposed on the side of the second sub-dielectric layer 13 facing away from the first adhesive layer 12. The material of the first sub-dielectric layer 11 includes polyimide, and the material of the second sub-dielectric layer 13 all includes polyethylene terephthalate (PET), or the material of the first sub-dielectric layer 11 includes PET, and the material of the second sub-dielectric layer 13 all includes polyimide. The material of the first adhesive layer 12 can be a transparent optical adhesive.

[0071] In some examples, both the radiating structure 3 and the first electrode 2 can be metal mesh structures. Since both the radiating structure 3 and the first electrode 2 in this embodiment use metal mesh structures, this type of antenna is a single antenna. In some examples, the cutouts of the radiating structure 3 and the first electrode 2 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, and the orthogonal projections of the corresponding cutouts on the dielectric layer 1 at least partially overlap, thereby effectively improving the light transmittance of the antenna. The material of the metal mesh structure includes, but is not limited to, at least one of copper (Cu), aluminum (Al), molybdenum (Mo), and silver (Ag). In some examples, the cutouts of the metal mesh structure can be triangular, rhomboid, square, etc. This embodiment does not limit the shape of the cutouts of the metal mesh structure. This embodiment only uses a triangular cutout as an example, but this does not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this embodiment. For example, when the cutout of the metal mesh structure is triangular, the ratio of the width of the triangle to its side length is not less than 0.03. For example, if the side length of the triangle is 0.2 mm and the line width is 10 μm, then the ratio of the width of the triangle to its side length is 0.05. In some examples, the edges of the metal mesh structure can be open, meaning that the metal wires that make up the metal mesh structure are not connected to each other at the edges; of course, the edges of the metal mesh structure can also be closed, meaning that the metal wires that make up the metal mesh structure are short-connected to each other at the edges.

[0072] In some examples, the shape of the first opening 21 on the first electrode 2 can be any one of a rectangle, triangle, circle, or ellipse, or other shapes. The shape of the outline of the radial structure 3 can be the same as or different from the shape of the first opening 21. In this embodiment, the outline of the radial structure 3 and the shape of the first opening 21 are the same as examples. Figure 1 The description below will also use the example of the outline of the radial structure 3 and the first opening 21 being rectangular.

[0073] Continue to refer to Figure 1In some examples, the antenna includes not only the structure described above but also a first feed structure 51 and a second feed structure 52 disposed on the side of the dielectric layer 1 opposite to the first electrode 2. The first feed structure 51 is configured to provide a first microwave signal to the first feed line 41, and the second feed structure 52 is configured to provide a second microwave signal to the second feed line 42. The first feed structure 51 is electrically connected to each of the first feed lines 41, and the second feed structure 52 is electrically connected to each of the second feed lines 42. For example, the first feed structure 51 and the first feed line 41 are disposed on the same layer and are directly electrically connected; the second feed structure 52 and the second feed line 42 are disposed on the same layer and are directly electrically connected. Of course, the first feed structure 51 and the first feed line 41 can also be disposed on separate layers, in which case the first feed structure 51 and the first feed line 41 can be electrically connected by coupling; similarly, the second feed structure 52 and the second feed line 42 can also be disposed on separate layers, in which case the second feed structure 52 and the second feed line 42 can be electrically connected by coupling.

[0074] Further, continue to refer to Figure 1 In some examples, the first feed structure 51 and the second feed structure 52 are symmetrically arranged with a straight line running along the length of the antenna and passing through the center of the first opening 21 as the axis of symmetry. This method makes the overall antenna structure uniform, thereby avoiding performance differences between the first feed structure 51 and the second feed structure 52.

[0075] Further, continue to refer to Figure 1 In some examples, the number of first openings 21 is 2. n Correspondingly, the number of radiation structures 3 is 2. n There are 2 of each of the first feeder 41 and the second feeder 42. nIn this case, the first feed structure 51 includes n-level third feed lines 511, and the second feed structure 52 includes n-level fourth feed lines 521; wherein at least one of the third feed lines 511 and the fourth feed line 521 is a microstrip line. In this embodiment of the disclosure, it is described as if both the third feed line 511 and the fourth feed line 521 are microstrip lines. A third feed line 511 located in the first level connects two adjacent first feed lines 41, and different third feed lines 511 in the first level are connected to different first feed lines 41; a third feed line 511 located in the m-th level connects two adjacent third feed lines 511 located in the (m-1)-th level, and different third feed lines 511 in the m-th level are connected to different third feed lines 511 located in the (m-1)-th level. A fourth feeder 521 located at level 1 connects to two adjacent second feeders 42, and the second feeders 42 connected to different fourth feeders 521 located at level 1 are different; a fourth feeder 521 located at level m connects to two adjacent fourth feeders 521 located at level m-1, and the fourth feeders 521 connected to different fourth feeders 521 located at level m-1 are different; where n≥2, 2≤m≤n, and m and n are both integers.

[0076] For example: Figure 1 As shown, taking an example where the number of first openings 21 is 4, i.e., n=2, the first feed structure 51 includes 2 levels and 3 third feed lines 511, and the second feed structure 52 includes 2 levels and 3 fourth feed lines 521. Among them, one third feed line 511 in the first level connects to the feed ends of the first and second first feed lines 41 from top to bottom, and another third feed line 511 connects to the feed ends of the third and fourth first feed lines 41 from top to bottom; the third feed line 511 in the second level connects to the feed ends of the two third feed lines 511 in the first level. Similarly, one fourth feeder 521 in the first stage connects to the feed terminals of the first and second second feeders 42 from top to bottom, and another fourth feeder 521 connects to the feed terminals of the third and fourth second feeders 42 from top to bottom; the fourth feeder 521 in the second stage connects to the feed terminals of the two fourth feeders 521 in the first stage.

[0077] In some examples, the widths of the first feed line 41 and the second feed line 42 are equal or approximately equal; the widths of the third feed line 511 and the fourth feed line 521 are equal or approximately equal. It should be noted that "approximately equal" in this embodiment means that the difference between the two is within a preset range. For example, if the difference in width between the first feed line 41 and the second feed line 42 is not greater than 0.1 mm, then the widths of the first feed line 41 and the second feed line 42 are considered approximately equal. Furthermore, the width ratio of the first feed line 41 (or the second feed line 42) to the third feed line 511 (or the fourth feed line 521) is 0.2 to 0.5; for example, the width of the first feed line 41 and the second feed line 42 is about 0.6 mm; the width of the third feed line 511 and the fourth feed line 521 is about 1.5 mm; the width ratio of the first feed line 41 to the third feed line 511 is 0.6:1.5 = 0.4; however, the line width and ratio of the first feed line 41, the second feed line 42, the third feed line 511, and the fourth feed line 521 do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the embodiments disclosed herein. Typically, the first feed line 41, the second feed line 42, the third feed line 511, and the fourth feed line 521 are arranged in the same layer and use the same material. In this case, impedance matching is achieved by reasonably setting the width ratio of the first feed line 41 and the third feed line 511.

[0078] In some examples, the first feed line 41, the second feed line 42, the third feed line 511, and the fourth feed line 521 can all adopt a metal mesh structure. When the first feed line 41, the second feed line 42, the third feed line 511, the fourth feed line 521, the first electrode 2, and the radiating structure 3 all adopt a metal mesh structure, the projections of the cutouts of each layer of the metal mesh structure onto the dielectric layer 1 completely overlap or substantially overlap. It should be noted that, in this embodiment, "substantially overlap" means that the width of the intersecting region of the orthographic projections of the cutouts of two layers of metal mesh is no greater than one linewidth. This arrangement can effectively improve the optical transmittance of the antenna.

[0079] In some examples, Figure 6 This is a top view of another antenna according to an embodiment of this disclosure; as shown Figure 6 As shown, the antenna has a radiating region and a feeding region. The radiating structure 3 is disposed in the radiating region, and the first feeding structure 51 and the second feeding structure 52 are disposed in the feeding region. The structure of this antenna is similar to... Figure 1 The antennas shown have largely the same structure, differing only in the structure of the first electrode 2. This first electrode 2 includes not only a first opening 21 in the radiation region but also a second opening 22 in the feed region, and this second opening 22 does not overlap with the orthographic projections of the first feed structure 51 and the second feed structure 52 onto the dielectric layer 1. By providing the second opening 22, not only can the optical transmittance of the antenna be improved, but the radiation direction of the microwave signal can also be changed.

[0080] In some examples, Figure 7 This is a top view of another antenna according to an embodiment of this disclosure; as shown Figure 7 As shown, the structure of this antenna is similar to... Figure 6 The structures shown are largely the same, the difference being that a first redundant electrode 210 is filled within the first opening 21 of the first electrode 2, and a second redundant electrode 220 is filled within the second opening 22. In some examples, both the first redundant electrode 210 and the second redundant electrode 220 are disposed in the same layer as the first electrode 2 and are made of the same material. That is, the first redundant electrode 210 and the second redundant electrode 220 can be fabricated using the same patterning process as the first electrode 2. It should be noted that the first redundant electrode 210 and the second redundant electrode 220 can also adopt a metal mesh structure, except that the metal wires of the metal mesh structure constituting the first redundant electrode 210 and the second redundant electrode 220 are broken wires.

[0081] In some examples, Figure 8 This is a top view of another antenna in an embodiment of this disclosure; as shown Figure 8 As shown, the antenna structure is similar to Figure 1 The antenna structures described are largely the same, the only difference being that the first feed line 41 and the second feed line 42 in this antenna are... Figure 1 The first feed line 41 and the second feed line 42 are different. For any first feed line 41 and any second feed line 42, both the first feed line 41 and the second feed line 42 include a connecting portion 401 and two branch portions 402. One end of the two branch portions 402 of the first feed line 41 is connected to the connecting portion 401 of the first feed line 41, and the other end is connected to the radiating structure 3; similarly, one end of the two branch portions 402 of the second feed line 42 is connected to the connecting portion 401 of the second feed line 42, and the other end is connected to the radiating structure 3. That is, each first feed line 41 and each second feed line 42 has two connection nodes with a radiating structure 3. In this case, the first microwave signal provided by the first feed structure 51 can be fed to the radiating structure 3 through the two feed points, and the second microwave signal provided by the second feed structure 52 can be fed to the radiating structure 3 through the two feed points, thereby effectively improving the uniformity of microwave signal transmission.

[0082] Continue to refer to Figure 8 In some examples, the branch 402 of the first feed line 41 and the second feed line 42 is orthographically projected onto the dielectric layer 1 within the orthographic projection of the first opening 21 onto the dielectric layer 1. This arrangement allows for adjustment of the radiation direction of the microwave signal.

[0083] It should be noted that, Figure 8This example only uses the case where both the first feeder 41 and the second feeder 42 include one connecting portion 401 and two branch portions 402. In actual products, both the first feeder 41 and the second feeder 42 may include multiple branch portions 402, which will not be listed here. The following description will also use the example where both the first feeder 41 and the second feeder 42 include one connecting portion 401 and two branch portions 402.

[0084] In some examples, Figure 9 This is a top view of another antenna according to an embodiment of this disclosure; as shown Figure 9 As shown, the structure of this antenna is similar to... Figure 1 The antennas shown have roughly the same structure, the only difference being that the radiating structure 3 includes a first radiating element 31 and a second radiating element 32 arranged at intervals; with a straight line along the length of the antenna and passing through the center of the first opening 21 as the axis of symmetry, the first radiating element 31 and the second radiating element 32 in a radiating structure 3 are symmetrically arranged; a first feed line 41 connects to a first radiating element 31, and a second feed line 42 connects to a second radiating element 32. Figure 9 As shown, the radiating structure 3 is equivalent to Figure 8 The central radiating structure 3 is divided into two parts, namely, the first radiating element 31 and the second radiating element 32 adopt a triangular plate-like structure. Figure 9 In the antenna shown, each radiating structure 3 includes a first radiating element 31 and a second radiating element 32 spaced apart. The first radiating element 31 is fed by a first feed line 41, and the second radiating element 32 is fed by a second feed line 42. This method avoids mutual interference between feed lines of two polarization directions. Figure 9 The remaining structures and Figure 1 The antennas shown have the same structure, so they will not be described again here.

[0085] In some examples, Figure 10 This is a top view of another antenna according to an embodiment of this disclosure; as shown Figure 10 As shown, the structure of this antenna is similar to... Figure 9 The antennas shown have roughly the same structure, with the only difference being that... Figure 10 In the antenna shown, the first feed line 41 and the second feed line 42 adopt... Figure 8 The structure shown is as follows. That is, for any first feed line 41 and any second feed line 42, both the first feed line 41 and the second feed line 42 include a connecting portion 401 and two branch portions 402. One end of each of the two branch portions 402 of the first feed line 41 is connected to the connecting portion 401 of the first feed line 41, and the other end is connected to the first radiating element 31; similarly, one end of each of the two branch portions 402 of the second feed line 42 is connected to the connecting portion 401 of the second feed line 42, and the other end is connected to the second radiating element 32. In other words, Figure 10The antenna shown can not only avoid mutual interference between feed lines in polarization directions, but also optimize antenna performance by using multiple feed points.

[0086] In some examples, Figure 11 This is a top view of another antenna according to an embodiment of this disclosure; as shown Figure 11 As shown, the structure of this antenna is similar to... Figure 9 The antennas shown have roughly the same structure, the only difference being that the radiating structure 3 in this antenna includes a first radiating element 31, a second radiating element 32, a third radiating element 33, and a fourth radiating element 34. With a straight line along the length of the antenna and passing through the center of the first opening 21 as the axis of symmetry, the first radiating element 31 and the second radiating element 32 in one radiating structure 3 are symmetrically arranged, as are the third radiating element 33 and the fourth radiating element 34. With a straight line along the width of the antenna and passing through the center of the first opening 21 as the axis of symmetry, the first radiating element 31 and the third radiating element 33 in one radiating structure 3 are symmetrically arranged, as are the second radiating element 32 and the fourth radiating element 34. A first feed line 41 connects to a first radiating element 31, and a second feed line 42 connects to a second radiating element 32; or, a first feed line 41 connects to a third radiating element 33, and a second feed line 42 connects to a fourth radiating element 34. Figure 11 Taking a radiating structure 3 as an example, where the third radiating element 33 is connected to the first feeder 41 and the fourth radiating element 34 is connected to the second feeder 42. (Continue referring to...) Figure 11 Each radiating structure 3 contains a first radiating element 31, a second radiating element 32, a third radiating element 33, and a fourth radiating element 34 that define a cross-shaped slit. By setting the cross-shaped slit, the isolation between the two polarization directions of microwave signals fed by the first feed line 41 and the second feed line 42 can be effectively improved. The first radiating element 31, the second radiating element 32, the third radiating element 33, and the fourth radiating element 34 are all triangular plate-shaped structures. However, the first radiating element 31, the second radiating element 32, the third radiating element 33, and the fourth radiating element 34 are not limited to triangular plate-shaped structures; different shapes of radiating elements can be selected according to the specific performance parameters of the product.

[0087] In some examples, Figure 12 This is a top view of another antenna according to an embodiment of this disclosure; as shown Figure 12 As shown, the structure of this antenna is similar to... Figure 11 The antennas shown have roughly the same structure, the only difference being that the first feed line 41 and the second feed line 42 in this antenna adopt... Figure 8The structure shown is as follows. That is, for any first feed line 41 and any second feed line 42, both the first feed line 41 and the second feed line 42 include a connecting portion 401 and two branch portions 402. One end of each of the two branch portions 402 of the first feed line 41 is connected to the connecting portion 401 of the first feed line 41, and the other end is connected to the first radiating element 31; similarly, one end of each of the two branch portions 402 of the second feed line 42 is connected to the connecting portion 401 of the second feed line 42, and the other end is connected to the second radiating element 32. In other words, Figure 12 The antenna shown can not only avoid mutual interference between feed lines in polarization directions, but also optimize antenna performance by using multiple feed points.

[0088] In some examples, Figure 13 This is a top view of another antenna according to an embodiment of this disclosure; as shown Figure 13 As shown, the structure of this antenna is similar to... Figure 11 The antennas shown have roughly the same structure, the only difference being that this antenna structure only includes Figure 11 The third radiating element 33 and the fourth radiating element 34 are in the same structure as the others. Figure 11 The antenna structure shown is the same, so it will not be described again here. This type of antenna can also improve the isolation between microwave signals fed into the first feed line 41 and the second feed line 42 in the two polarization directions.

[0089] In some examples, Figure 14 This is a top view of another antenna according to an embodiment of this disclosure; as shown Figure 14 As shown, the structure of this antenna is similar to... Figure 12 The antennas shown have roughly the same structure, the only difference being that this antenna structure only includes Figure 12 The third radiating element 33 and the fourth radiating element 34 are in the same structure as the others. Figure 12 The antenna structure shown is the same, so it will not be described again here. This type of antenna can also improve the isolation between microwave signals fed into the first feed line 41 and the second feed line 42 in the two polarization directions, and using multiple feed points can optimize the antenna performance.

[0090] To better illustrate the structure and performance of the antennas in the embodiments of this disclosure, and in conjunction with specific examples and simulation results, the antennas in the embodiments of this disclosure will be described. It should be noted that the following example only uses the antenna's first electrode 2, which includes only four first openings 21, and the corresponding number of radiating elements is also four, with the antenna polarization direction being ±45°.

[0091] First example:

[0092] The cross-sectional view of the antenna is as follows Figure 2 As shown, the top view is as follows Figure 12As shown. The dielectric layer 1 uses a 250µm thick PET substrate with a Dk / Df ratio of 3.34 / 0.0069; the first electrode 2 layer uses a 2.0µm thick copper (Cu) substrate, and the first opening 21 on the first electrode 2 is square; the radiating structure 3 uses a 2.0µm thick copper (Cu) substrate and includes a first radiating element 31, a second radiating element 32, a third radiating element 33, and a fourth radiating element 34, all located on the same layer. A first feed line 41 connects to the third radiating element 33, and a second feed line 42 connects to the fourth radiating element 34. In this configuration, both polarizations are applied to the same layer, reducing the number of dielectric substrate layers and lowering the antenna profile. In each radiating structure 3, the first radiating element 31, the second radiating element 32, the third radiating element 33, and the fourth radiating element 34 form a cross-shaped slot. These four elements are four identical triangular patches used to improve isolation. The third radiating element 33 and the fourth radiating element 34 serve as the main radiating patches, while the first radiating element 31 and the second radiating element 32 serve as parasitic patches. The first feed line 41 is connected to the third radiating element 33 through two branches 402, and the second feed line 42 is connected to the fourth radiating element 34 through two branches. This facilitates uniform current distribution on the radiating structure 3, thereby improving antenna gain. Figure 12 As shown, the overall antenna dimensions are 77.5mm*250.7mm. Based on the above structure, the simulated -10dB impedance bandwidth of both ports is 1.27GHz (3.23-4.5GHz), and the simulated -6dB impedance bandwidth is 1.44GHz (3.06-4.5GHz). The gain of both ports at the center frequency (3.75GHz) is 9.48dBi, the half-power beamwidth is 57° / 16°, and the polarization isolation is 12.89dB and 12.96dB, respectively.

[0093] Second example:

[0094] The cross-sectional view of the antenna is as follows Figure 2 As shown, the top view is as follows Figure 1As shown. Compared to the first example, in this embodiment, the radiating structure 3 does not have a cross-shaped slot and is only connected to a section of feed line. The overall antenna size remains 77.5mm*250.7mm. Simulations of the above structure show that the -10dB impedance bandwidths at the two ports of the antenna are 0.63GHz (3.64-4.27GHz) and 0.62GHz (3.64-4.26GHz), respectively, and the -6dB impedance bandwidths are both 1.43GHz (3.07-4.5GHz). The gains at the center frequency (3.75GHz) at the two ports are 7.97dBi and 7.98dBi, respectively. The half-power beamwidths are 59° / 16° and 58° / 16°, respectively, and the polarization isolation is 5.87dB and 5.99dB, respectively.

[0095] The third example:

[0096] The cross-sectional view of the antenna is as follows Figure 2 As shown, the top view is as follows Figure 11 As shown. Compared to the first example, in this embodiment, although the radiating structure 3 has a cross-shaped slot, it only connects a section of feed line. The overall antenna size is 76.1mm*250.7mm. Simulation of the above structure shows that the -10dB impedance bandwidth of both ports of the antenna is 1.19GHz (3.31-4.5GHz), the -6dB impedance bandwidth is 1.33GHz (3.17-4.5GHz), the gain of both ports at the center frequency (3.75GHz) is 9.32dBi, the half-power beamwidth is 58° / 16°, and the polarization isolation is 13.3dB and 13.16dB, respectively.

[0097] Fourth example:

[0098] The cross-sectional view of the antenna is as follows Figure 2 As shown, the top view is as follows Figure 8 As shown. Compared to the first example, in this embodiment, the radiating structure 3 does not have a cross-shaped slot, but connects two feed lines. The overall antenna size is 78.2mm*250.7mm. Simulation of the above structure shows that the -10dB impedance bandwidth of both ports is 0.89GHz (3.61-4.5GHz), the -6dB impedance bandwidth is 1.5GHz (3.0-4.5GHz), the gain at the center frequency (3.75GHz) of both ports is 8.79dBi and 8.81dBi, the half-power beamwidth is 57° / 16°, and the polarization isolation is 9.0dB and 9.03dB, respectively.

[0099] Fifth example:

[0100] The cross-sectional view of the antenna is as follows Figure 2 As shown, the top view is as follows Figure 10As shown. Compared to the first example, in this embodiment, the radiating structure 3 has only one rectangular slot, that is, the radiating structure 3 only includes the first radiating element 31 and the second radiating element 32. The overall size of the antenna is 78.2mm*250.7mm. Simulation of the above structure shows that the -10dB impedance bandwidth of both ports of the antenna is 0.15GHz (3.12-3.27GHz), the -6dB impedance bandwidth is 0.53GHz (3.54-4.07GHz), the gain of both ports at the center frequency (3.75GHz) is 6.41dBi, the half-power beamwidth is 61° / 16°, and the polarization isolation is 9.01dB and 9.09dB, respectively.

[0101] Sixth example:

[0102] The cross-sectional view of the antenna is as follows Figure 2 As shown, the top view is as follows Figure 14 As shown. Compared to the first example, in this embodiment, after the cross-shaped slot is opened, only the lower half of the radiating structure 3 is retained, that is, the radiating structure 3 only includes the third radiating element 33 and the fourth radiating element 34. The overall size of the antenna is 77.5mm*250.7mm. The simulation results of the above structure show that the -10dB impedance bandwidth of the antenna at both ports is 1.19GHz (3.31-4.5GHz), the -6dB impedance bandwidth is 1.34GHz (3.16-4.5GHz), the gain at the center frequency (3.75GHz) of the two ports is 8.38dBi and 8.41dBi, the half-power beamwidth is 57° / 16° and 58° / 16°, and the polarization isolation is 7.6dB and 7.61dB, respectively.

[0103] Secondly, Figure 15 This is a flowchart of the antenna fabrication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; as follows: Figure 15 As shown, this disclosure provides a method for fabricating an antenna, which can be used to fabricate any of the antennas described above. The method specifically includes the following steps:

[0104] S1. Provide a dielectric layer 1.

[0105] The dielectric layer 1 can be a flexible substrate or a glass substrate, and step S1 may include a step of cleaning the dielectric layer 1.

[0106] S2. A pattern including the first electrode 2 is formed on the dielectric layer 1 by a patterning process. Among them, a first opening 21 is formed on the first electrode 2.

[0107] In some examples, step S2 may specifically include: depositing a first metal thin film on the dielectric layer 1 using methods including but not limited to magnetron sputtering, then performing resist coating, exposure, development, followed by wet etching, and stripping the resist after etching to form a pattern including the first electrode 2.

[0108] S3. A pattern including a radiating structure 3, a first feed line 41, and a second feed line 42 is formed on the side of the dielectric layer 1 opposite to the first electrode 2 using a patterning process. The orthographic projection of one of the radiating structures 3 onto the dielectric layer 1 lies within the orthographic projection of the first opening 21 onto the dielectric layer 1.

[0109] In this configuration, one of the radiating structures 3 is electrically connected to a first feed line 41 and a second feed line 42. The first feed line 41 and the second feed line 42, which are connected to the same radiating structure 3, are symmetrically arranged with a straight line passing through the center of the first opening 21 along the length of the antenna as the axis of symmetry.

[0110] For example, a first sub-dielectric layer 11, a first adhesive layer 12, and a second sub-dielectric layer 13 are sequentially stacked in the dielectric layer 1. A first electrode 2 is formed on the side of the first sub-dielectric layer 11 opposite to the first adhesive layer 12, and a radiating structure 3 is formed on the side of the second sub-dielectric layer 13 opposite to the first adhesive layer 12. Furthermore, a protective layer, such as a self-healing transparent waterproof coating, can be formed on the side of the radiating structure 3 opposite to the second sub-dielectric layer 13. In some examples, the materials of the first sub-dielectric layer 11 and the second sub-dielectric layer 13 include, but are not limited to, polyimide (PI) or polyethylene terephthalate (PET). The material of the first adhesive layer 12 can be transparent optical adhesive (OCA).

[0111] Thirdly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a communication system that may include the antenna described above, which may be fixed to a base station.

[0112] The communication system in this embodiment can also be used in glass window systems of automobiles, trains (including high-speed trains), airplanes, buildings, etc. The antenna can be fixed to the inside of the glass window (the side closer to the interior). Because the antenna has high optical transmittance, it does not significantly affect the transmittance of the glass window while achieving communication functionality, and this type of antenna is becoming a trend in aesthetically pleasing designs. The glass window in this embodiment includes, but is not limited to, double-glazed windows; the type of glass window can also be single-glazed, laminated, thin, or thick glass.

[0113] In some examples, the communication system provided in this disclosure further includes a transceiver unit, a radio frequency transceiver, a signal amplifier, a power amplifier, and a filtering unit. The antenna in the communication system can function as either a transmitting antenna or a receiving antenna. The transceiver unit may include a baseband and a receiving end. The baseband provides signals in at least one frequency band, such as 2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G signals, and transmits these signals to the radio frequency transceiver. After receiving the signal, the antenna in the communication system can process it through the filtering unit, power amplifier, signal amplifier, and radio frequency transceiver before transmitting it to the receiving end in the transceiver unit. The receiving end may be, for example, a smart gateway.

[0114] Furthermore, the RF transceiver is connected to the transceiver unit and is used to modulate the signals transmitted by the transceiver unit, or to demodulate the signals received by the antenna before transmitting them to the transceiver unit. Specifically, the RF transceiver may include a transmitting circuit, a receiving circuit, a modulation circuit, and a demodulation circuit. After the transmitting circuit receives various types of signals provided by the baseband, the modulation circuit can modulate these signals before sending them to the antenna. The antenna receives the signals and transmits them to the receiving circuit of the RF transceiver. The receiving circuit then transmits the signals to the demodulation circuit, which demodulates the signals before transmitting them to the receiving end.

[0115] Furthermore, the RF transceiver is connected to a signal amplifier and a power amplifier, which are then connected to a filtering unit. The filtering unit is connected to at least one antenna. During signal transmission in the communication system, the signal amplifier improves the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the RF transceiver's output signal before transmitting it to the filtering unit; the power amplifier amplifies the power of the RF transceiver's output signal before transmitting it to the filtering unit. The filtering unit may specifically include a duplexer and a filtering circuit. The filtering unit combines the signals output from the signal amplifier and power amplifier, filters out clutter, and transmits them to the antenna, which then radiates the signal. During signal reception in the communication system, the antenna receives the signal and transmits it to the filtering unit. The filtering unit filters out clutter from the received signal and transmits it to the signal amplifier and power amplifier. The signal amplifier increases the gain of the received signal, improving the SNR; the power amplifier amplifies the power of the received signal. The signal received by the antenna, after processing by the power amplifier and signal amplifier, is transmitted to the RF transceiver, which then transmits it to the transceiver unit.

[0116] In some examples, the signal amplifier may include various types of signal amplifiers, such as low-noise amplifiers, without limitation.

[0117] In some examples, the communication system provided in this disclosure also includes a power management unit connected to a power amplifier and providing the power amplifier with a voltage for amplifying signals.

[0118] It is understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary implementations used to illustrate the principles of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An antenna comprising: Dielectric layer; A first electrode is disposed on the dielectric layer, and the first electrode has at least one first opening; The first electrode further includes a first redundant electrode filling the first opening. The first redundant electrode is disposed in the same layer as the first electrode. The first redundant electrode includes a metal mesh structure. The first redundant electrode is structurally disconnected from the first electrode and the two are electrically isolated from each other. At least one radiating structure is disposed on the side of the dielectric layer opposite to the first electrode, and the orthographic projection of the radiating structure on the dielectric layer is located within the orthographic projection of the first opening on the dielectric layer. At least one first feed line and at least one second feed line are disposed on the side of the dielectric layer away from the first electrode, and one of the radiating structures is electrically connected to one of the first feed lines and one of the second feed lines respectively; wherein, the first feed line and the second feed line connected to the same radiating structure are symmetrically arranged with a straight line passing through the center of the first opening and parallel to the plane where the first electrode is located as the axis of symmetry.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein, At least one of the first feed line and the second feed line is a microstrip line, and the feeding directions of the first feed line and the second feed line are 90° apart.

3. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein, Both the first feed line and the second feed line include a connecting portion and multiple branches connected to the connecting portion. The multiple branches of the first feed line and the multiple branches of the second feed line are all connected to the radiating structure.

4. The antenna according to claim 2, wherein, Both the first feed line and the second feed line at least partially overlap with the orthographic projection of the first opening on the dielectric layer; and the orthographic projections of the branches of the first feed line and the branches of the second feed line on the dielectric layer are both located within the orthographic projection of the first opening on the dielectric layer.

5. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein, The radiating structure includes a first radiating element and a second radiating element spaced apart; with a straight line passing through the center of the first opening along the length of the antenna as the axis of symmetry, the first radiating element and the second radiating element in one of the radiating structures are symmetrically arranged. One of the first feed lines is connected to a first radiating element, and one of the second feed lines is connected to a second radiating element.

6. The antenna according to claim 5, wherein, Both the first radiating element and the second radiating element have a triangular plate-like structure.

7. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein, The radiation structure includes a first radiation element, a second radiation element, a third radiation element, and a fourth radiation element arranged at intervals; With a straight line along the length of the antenna and passing through the center of the first opening as the axis of symmetry, the first radiating element and the second radiating element in one of the radiating structures are symmetrically arranged, and the third radiating element and the fourth radiating element are symmetrically arranged. With a straight line passing through the center of the first opening in the width direction of the antenna as the axis of symmetry, the first radiating element and the third radiating element in one of the radiating structures are symmetrically arranged, and the second radiating element and the fourth radiating element are symmetrically arranged. One of the first feed lines is connected to a first radiating element, and one of the second feed lines is connected to a second radiating element; or, one of the first feed lines is connected to a third radiating element, and one of the second feed lines is connected to a fourth radiating element.

8. The antenna according to claim 7, wherein, The first radiating element, the second radiating element, the third radiating element, and the fourth radiating element are all triangular plate-shaped structures.

9. The antenna according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein, The outline of the radiating structure is rectangular, and the first opening is a rectangular opening.

10. The antenna according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein, It also includes a first power supply structure and a second power supply structure, both of which are located on the side of the dielectric layer away from the first electrode. The first power supply structure is electrically connected to the first feed line, and the second power supply structure is electrically connected to the second feed line.

11. The antenna according to claim 10, wherein, The first power supply structure is disposed on the same layer as the first feeder and the two are electrically connected; the second power supply structure is disposed on the same layer as the second feeder and the two are electrically connected.

12. The antenna according to claim 10, wherein, With a straight line along the length of the antenna and passing through the center of the first opening as the axis of symmetry, the first feeding structure and the second feeding structure are symmetrically arranged.

13. The antenna according to claim 10, wherein, The number of the first openings is 2 n The first feeding structure includes n-level third feeders, and the second feeding structure includes n-level fourth feeders; A third feeder located at level 1 connects two adjacent first feeders, and different third feeders located at level 1 connect to different first feeders; a third feeder located at level m connects two adjacent third feeders located at level m-1, and different third feeders located at level m connect to different third feeders located at level m-1. A fourth feeder located at level 1 connects to two adjacent second feeders, and different fourth feeders at level 1 connect to different second feeders; a fourth feeder located at level m connects to two adjacent fourth feeders at level (m-1), and different fourth feeders at level m connect to different fourth feeders at level (m-1); where n≥2, 2≤m≤n, and m and n are both integers; At least one of the third feed line and the fourth feed line is a microstrip line.

14. The antenna according to claim 10, wherein, The antenna is divided into a feeding region and a radiating region; the first feeding structure and the second feeding structure are located in the feeding region; the radiating structure is located in the radiating region; the first electrode also has at least one second opening located in the feeding region; the second opening does not overlap with the orthographic projection of the first feeding structure and the second feeding structure onto the dielectric layer.

15. The antenna according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein, The medium layer is a single-layer structure, and its material includes polyimide or polyethylene terephthalate.

16. The antenna according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein, The dielectric layer includes a first sub-dielectric layer, a first adhesive layer, and a second sub-dielectric layer stacked together. The first electrode is disposed on the side of the first sub-dielectric layer opposite to the first adhesive layer; the radiating structure is disposed on the side of the second sub-dielectric layer opposite to the first adhesive layer.

17. The antenna according to claim 16, wherein, The material of the first sub-dielectric layer and / or the second sub-dielectric layer includes polyimide or polyethylene terephthalate.

18. A method for manufacturing an antenna, characterized in that, The antenna is the antenna according to any one of claims 1-17, and the manufacturing method includes: Provide a dielectric layer; A pattern including a first electrode is formed on one side of the dielectric layer by a patterning process; wherein the first electrode has at least one first opening, and the first electrode further includes a first redundant electrode filling the first opening, the first redundant electrode being disposed in the same layer as the first electrode; the first redundant electrode includes a metal mesh structure, and the first redundant electrode is structurally disconnected from the first electrode and the two are electrically isolated from each other. At least one radiating structure, at least one first feed line, and at least one second feed line are formed on the side of the dielectric layer opposite to the first electrode; and each of the radiating structures is electrically connected to one first feed line and one second feed line, respectively; wherein, The first feed line and the second feed line, which are connected to the same radiating structure, are symmetrically arranged with a straight line passing through the center of the first opening along the length of the antenna as the axis of symmetry.

19. A communication system comprising the antenna of any one of claims 1-18.

20. The communication system according to claim 19, wherein, Also includes: A transceiver unit is used to send or receive signals. A radio frequency transceiver, connected to the transceiver unit, is used to modulate the signal transmitted by the transceiver unit, or to demodulate the signal received by the antenna and then transmit it to the transceiver unit. A signal amplifier, connected to the radio frequency transceiver, is used to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the signal output by the radio frequency transceiver or the signal received by the antenna; A power amplifier, connected to the radio frequency transceiver, is used to amplify the power of the signal output by the radio frequency transceiver or the signal received by the antenna; The filtering unit is connected to both the signal amplifier and the power amplifier, and is also connected to the antenna. It is used to filter the received signal and send it to the antenna, or to filter the signal received by the antenna.

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