A tunnel boring machine

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of tunnel boring machine and its construction method, wherein, tunnel boring machine includes boring machine main body, cutterhead, driving device, slag receiving device, belt conveyor and intermediate slag chute;Driving device is installed in boring machine main body, cutterhead is installed in driving device, slag receiving device is installed in driving device, and located in cutterhead interior, the slag receiving port of slag receiving device is located below the slag outlet of cutterhead;Slag receiving device is provided with central passage, and the central passage of the part of slag receiving device that can be closed forms slag outlet;Belt conveyor is installed in boring machine main body, and the front end of belt conveyor can be extended into below the slag receiving port by central passage, and slag outlet can be connected with intermediate slag chute its beneficial effect is, this tunnel boring machine can simultaneously meet the needs of continuous slagging when boring machine is excavated in flat-hole tunnel and inclined shaft tunnel, can be quickly and conveniently converted between two kinds of working conditions, realizes by flat-hole tunnel continuous excavation out inclined shaft tunnel, greatly improves construction efficiency, reduces construction cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel boring technology, and more particularly to a tunnel boring machine. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the construction of pumped storage power stations requires the construction of multiple tunnels between two reservoirs with a certain elevation difference. Each tunnel consists of multiple inclined shaft tunnels and horizontal tunnels, with circular arc transitions at the junctions of the inclined shaft tunnels and horizontal tunnels. The commonly used construction method is to use tunneling machines to complete the construction of the horizontal tunnels and inclined shaft tunnels separately, with the turning sections connecting the horizontal tunnels and inclined shaft tunnels constructed using the drill-and-blast method. This construction method is not only inefficient and slow, but also requires two different tunneling machines to complete the work separately, resulting in a long construction period and high costs.

[0003] Currently, patent CN113217001A discloses an inclined shaft TBM tunneling system and method, aiming to optimize the safety anti-slip device problem in existing inclined shaft TBM tunneling technology. It also provides an inclined shaft TBM tunneling method that uses an arch frame laid on the tunnel wall, supported by axial support shoes of an axial anti-slip cylinder inside the support shield, to prevent the inclined shaft TBM from slipping backward while ensuring safety and reliability. However, this invention only solves the anti-slip problem during the inclined shaft tunneling process and does not address continuous tunneling in horizontal and inclined tunnels.

[0004] Patent CN112412478B discloses a tunnel inclined shaft construction system and method, including a launching device, an inclined shaft TBM, and a receiving device. A follow-up transportation system is installed within the inclined shaft excavated by the inclined shaft TBM. The inclined shaft TBM includes a main tunneling machine and a supporting auxiliary machine, with a safety anti-slip device installed between the main tunneling machine and the supporting auxiliary machine. The main objective is to provide a tunnel inclined shaft construction system and solve the problem of switching between horizontal tunnels and inclined shafts using a tunnel boring machine (TBM). However, the construction method of this invention still requires the excavation of the connecting section between the horizontal tunnel and the inclined tunnel first, and it does not solve the problem of the TBM directly switching from continuous excavation in a horizontal tunnel to tunnel excavation in an inclined shaft, especially the problem of muck removal during excavation in both horizontal and inclined sections.

[0005] Patent CN212406724U discloses an inclined TBM suitable for small curve turns, comprising: a variable-diameter cutterhead, a variable-diameter front shield, and a main propulsion mechanism connected to the front shield. The aforementioned inclined shaft TBM for small curve turns drives the front shield to move through the main propulsion mechanism, thereby adjusting the cutterhead's excavation direction to meet the turning requirements when the tunnel excavation direction needs to be changed. However, this utility model solves the turning problem of inclined shaft TBMs and does not address the muck removal problem during horizontal and inclined tunnel excavation.

[0006] To solve the problem of continuous tunneling by tunnel boring machines (TBMs) in multiple inclined shaft tunnels and horizontal tunnels, in addition to the TBMs needing to have functions such as continuous tunneling, small-diameter turning, and anti-slippage, the TBMs also need to be able to continuously remove muck when switching between horizontal tunnels and inclined shaft tunnels. However, current TBMs cannot meet this requirement.

[0007] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a tunneling machine and its construction method that can achieve continuous muck removal when switching between horizontal tunnels and inclined shaft tunnels. Summary of the Invention

[0008] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0009] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a tunnel boring machine that solves the technical problem that the prior art cannot achieve continuous muck removal when switching between horizontal tunnels and inclined shaft tunnels.

[0010] (II) Technical Solution

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, the main technical solutions adopted by the present invention include:

[0012] On one hand, the present invention provides a tunnel boring machine, including a machine body, a cutterhead, a drive unit, a muck receiving device, a belt conveyor, and an intermediate muck chute. The drive unit is installed on the machine body, the cutterhead is installed on the drive unit, and the muck receiving device is installed on the drive unit, located inside the cutterhead. The muck receiving port of the muck receiving device is located below the muck outlet of the cutterhead. The muck receiving device has a central channel, and the muck receiving device can close a portion of the central channel to form a muck outlet. The belt conveyor is installed on the machine body, and the front end of the belt conveyor can extend through the central channel to below the muck receiving port. The muck outlet can connect to the intermediate muck chute.

[0013] Optionally, the slag receiving device includes a slag receiving hopper and a sealing plate mechanism. The slag receiving hopper is installed on the driving device, and the sealing plate mechanism is installed on the slag receiving hopper. The slag receiving hopper has a slag receiving port and a central channel. The sealing plate mechanism can close part of the central channel to form the slag outlet.

[0014] Optionally, side slag receiving ports are also provided on both sides of the slag receiving port. The sealing plate mechanism includes a front sealing plate mechanism and a rear sealing plate mechanism. The front sealing plate mechanism is installed on the side slag receiving ports to close or open them, and the rear sealing plate mechanism is installed at the central channel.

[0015] Optionally, the front sealing plate mechanism includes a first sealing plate and a first telescopic actuator. The first sealing plate is slidably mounted on the top of the side slag receiving port, and the first telescopic actuator is mounted on the slag receiving hopper. The first telescopic actuator is connected to the first sealing plate to drive the first sealing plate to slide along the top edge of the side slag receiving port, thereby closing or opening the side slag receiving port.

[0016] Optionally, the top edge of the side slag inlet is arc-shaped, and the shape of the first sealing plate is arc-shaped, with the curvature of the two matching.

[0017] Optionally, the rear sealing plate mechanism includes a second sealing plate, a second telescopic actuator, two third sealing plates, and two third telescopic actuators. The second sealing plate is slidably mounted above the central channel, and can slide downwards to partially close the central channel. The second telescopic actuator is mounted above and connected to the second sealing plate. The two third sealing plates are rotatably mounted on opposite sides of the central channel, with their rotation axes vertically oriented. The two third telescopic actuators are mounted on opposite sides of the central channel, and are connected to the third sealing plate located on the same side.

[0018] Optionally, multiple slag discharge blades are evenly arranged inside the side slag receiving port, with the bottom end of the slag discharge blades facing the slag discharge direction.

[0019] Optionally, the upper sides of the central channel are respectively provided with slide rails extending in a vertical direction, the slide rails extending downward to the edge of the central channel, and the two ends of the second sealing plate are slidably installed in the two slide rails.

[0020] Optionally, the tunnel boring machine also includes a shield mounted outside the drive unit to protect it.

[0021] On the other hand, the present invention provides a construction method using the aforementioned tunnel boring machine, comprising the following steps:

[0022] S1. To carry out the construction of a horizontal tunnel, the front end of the belt conveyor is extended into the lower part of the muck collection port through the central channel. The cutterhead is driven by the drive device to break the rock and excavate out of the horizontal tunnel. The rock muck cut by the cutterhead is collected at the front end of the belt conveyor by the muck collection device and discharged from the tunnel by the belt conveyor.

[0023] S2. The front end of the belt conveyor moves backward until it is completely out of the slag receiving device. The central channel of the closed portion of the slag receiving device forms the slag outlet, which is connected to the intermediate slag chute. A bottom slag chute is laid at the bottom of the tunnel, and the intermediate slag chute is connected to the bottom slag chute.

[0024] S3. The cutterhead is driven by the drive device to break the rock and excavate the inclined shaft tunnel. A portion of the rock debris cut by the cutterhead is collected at the slag outlet by the slag receiving device and discharged from the tunnel through the intermediate slag chute and the bottom slag chute. Another portion of the rock debris that falls to the bottom of the tunnel is discharged from the tunnel through the bottom slag chute.

[0025] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0026] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0027] This invention provides a tunnel boring machine (TBM) that, during horizontal tunnel excavation, extends the end of a conveyor belt through a central channel below the muck collection port of a muck receiving device. A drive unit drives the cutterhead to break rock and excavate. The muck collection device collects the rock debris cut by the cutterhead to the end of the conveyor belt, which then discharges the rock debris from the tunnel. When continuously excavating from a horizontal tunnel to an inclined shaft, the conveyor belt is moved back until it is completely removed from the muck collection device. The central channel of the closed portion of the muck collection device forms a muck outlet, which is connected to an intermediate muck chute to discharge the rock debris. Compared to existing technologies, this TBM can simultaneously meet the continuous muck discharge requirements during both horizontal and inclined tunnel excavation, allowing for quick and convenient switching between the two working conditions. It enables continuous excavation from a horizontal tunnel to an inclined shaft, significantly improving construction efficiency and reducing construction costs. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tunnel boring machine during horizontal tunnel construction in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tunnel boring machine during inclined shaft tunnel construction in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the slag receiving device during the construction of a horizontal tunnel according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the slag receiving device during the construction of an inclined shaft tunnel according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0032] [Explanation of Labels in the Attached Image]

[0033] 1: Cutter head;

[0034] 2: Drive unit;

[0035] 3: Slag receiving device; 31: Slag receiving hopper; 311: Slag receiving port; 312: Central channel; 313: Slag outlet; 314: Side slag receiving port; 315: Slag discharge blade; 321: First sealing plate; 322: First telescopic actuator; 331: Second sealing plate; 332: Second telescopic actuator; 333: Third sealing plate; 334: Third telescopic actuator;

[0036] 4: Belt conveyor;

[0037] 5: Intermediate slag chute;

[0038] 6: Shield;

[0039] 7: Bottom slag chute. Detailed Implementation

[0040] To better understand the above technical solutions, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to enable a clearer and more thorough understanding of the present invention and to fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. The terms "upper," "lower," "front," and "rear" in this document refer to… Figure 1 The orientation is used as a reference.

[0041] Example 1:

[0042] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a tunnel boring machine (TBM), including a TBM body (not shown), a cutterhead 1, a drive unit 2, a muck receiving device 3, a belt conveyor 4, and an intermediate muck chute 5. The drive unit 2 is installed on the TBM body, the cutterhead 1 is installed on the drive unit 2, and the muck receiving device 3 is installed on the drive unit 2, located inside the cutterhead 1. The muck receiving port 311 of the muck receiving device 3 is located below the muck discharge port 313 of the cutterhead 1. The muck receiving device 3 has a central channel 312, which can be partially closed to form the muck discharge port 313. The belt conveyor 4 is installed on the TBM body, and its front end can extend through the central channel 312 to below the muck receiving port 311. The muck discharge port 313 can connect to the intermediate muck chute 5. In this embodiment, the TBM also includes a shield 6, which is installed outside the drive unit 2 to support and protect the drive unit 2, preventing damage to it.

[0043] Specifically, during the excavation of a horizontal tunnel, the end of the conveyor belt 4 extends through the central channel 312 below the muck-receiving port 311 of the muck-receiving device 3. The drive device 2 drives the cutterhead 1 to break the rock and excavate. The muck-receiving device 3 collects the rock debris cut by the cutterhead 1 to the end of the conveyor belt 4, which then discharges the rock debris from the tunnel. When continuously excavating from the horizontal tunnel to the inclined shaft tunnel, the conveyor belt 4 is moved back until it is completely removed from the muck-receiving device 3. The central channel 312 of the closed portion of the muck-receiving device 3 forms a muck outlet 313, which is connected to the intermediate muck chute 5 to discharge the rock debris. Compared with existing technologies, this tunnel boring machine can simultaneously meet the continuous muck discharge requirements during the excavation of both horizontal and inclined tunnels. It can quickly and conveniently switch between the two working conditions, enabling continuous excavation from the horizontal tunnel to the inclined shaft tunnel, greatly improving construction efficiency and reducing construction costs.

[0044] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the slag receiving device 3 includes a slag receiving hopper 31 and a sealing plate mechanism. The slag receiving hopper 31 is installed on the driving device 2, and the sealing plate mechanism is installed on the slag receiving hopper 31. The slag receiving hopper 31 has a slag receiving port 311 and a central channel 312. The sealing plate mechanism can close part of the central channel 312, forming a slag discharge port 313. In this embodiment, side slag receiving ports 314 are also provided on both sides of the slag receiving port 311. The sealing plate mechanism includes a front sealing plate mechanism and a rear sealing plate mechanism. The front sealing plate mechanism is installed on the side slag receiving ports 314 to close or open the side slag receiving ports 314, and the rear sealing plate mechanism is installed at the central channel 312. Multiple slag discharge blades 315 are evenly arranged inside the side slag receiving ports 314, with the bottom ends of the slag discharge blades 315 facing the slag discharge direction, providing a certain guiding effect for the rock slag entering the side slag receiving ports 314.

[0045] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the front sealing plate mechanism includes a first sealing plate 321 and a first telescopic actuator 322. The first sealing plate 321 is slidably mounted on the top of the side slag receiving port 314. The first telescopic actuator 322 is mounted on the slag receiving hopper 31 and connected to the first sealing plate 321 to drive the first sealing plate 321 to slide along the top edge of the side slag receiving port 314, closing or opening the side slag receiving port 314. Specifically, during the construction of a horizontal tunnel, the first telescopic actuator 322 extends, driving the first sealing plate 321 to slide along the top edge of the side slag receiving port 314 to the side abutting the front slag inlet, thus closing the side slag receiving port 314. During the construction of an inclined shaft tunnel, the first telescopic actuator retracts, driving the first sealing plate 321 to slide along the top edge of the side slag receiving port 314 away from the front slag inlet, opening the side slag receiving port 314, increasing the slag receiving area, and helping to collect the rock debris cut by the cutterhead 1 at the slag discharge port for discharge. In this embodiment, the top edge of the side slag receiving port 314 is arc-shaped, and the shape of the first sealing plate 321 is also arc-shaped. The curvatures of the two are matched to facilitate the sliding of the first sealing plate 321 along the top edge of the side slag receiving port 314. A sliding groove is provided on the inner side of the top edge of the side slag receiving port 314, and the sliding groove extends along the top edge. The first sealing plate 321 is slidably installed in the sliding groove.

[0046] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the rear sealing plate mechanism includes a second sealing plate 331, a second telescopic actuator 332, two third sealing plates 333, and two third telescopic actuators 334. In this embodiment, the second sealing plate 331 and the third sealing plate 333 have the same thickness. The second sealing plate 331 is slidably mounted above the central channel 312 and can slide to close the central channel 312. The second telescopic actuator 332 is mounted above the second sealing plate 331 and is connected to the second sealing plate 331. The two third sealing plates 333 are rotatably mounted on both sides of the central channel 312, with their rotation axes oriented vertically. The two third telescopic actuators 334 are mounted on both sides of the central channel 312 and are connected to the third sealing plate 333 located on the same side. Specifically, during the construction of the inclined shaft tunnel, the second telescopic actuator 332 extends, driving the second sealing plate 331 to slide downward. The third telescopic actuators 334 located on both sides of the central channel 312 extend, driving the corresponding third sealing plates 333 to rotate in the horizontal plane until the rearward side of the third sealing plate 333 and the rearward side of the second sealing plate 331 are on the same plane. At this time, the top of the third sealing plate 333 abuts against the bottom of the second sealing plate 331. The second sealing plate 331 and the two third sealing plates 333 jointly close the central channel 312. The two third sealing plates 333 and the slag receiving hopper 31 form a slag outlet 313, which is connected to the slag chute for slag discharge. During the construction of the horizontal tunnel, the second telescopic actuator 332 retracts, driving the second sealing plate 331 to slide upwards. The third telescopic actuator 334 retracts, driving the corresponding third sealing plate 333 to rotate in the horizontal plane, opening the closed portion of the central channel 312. This allows the end of the tunneling machine to extend through the central channel 312 to the bottom of the slag receiving port 311 of the slag receiving device 3 for slag discharge. In this embodiment, vertically extending slide rails are provided on both sides of the upper part of the central channel 312, extending downwards to the edge of the central channel 312. The two ends of the second sealing plate 331 are slidably installed in the two slide rails. The bottom of the third sealing plate 333 is arc-shaped. When the rear sealing plate mechanism closes the portion of the central channel 312, the slag outlet 313 formed between the two third sealing plates 333 and the slag receiving hopper 31 is circular, facilitating connection to the intermediate slag chute 5.

[0047] Example 2:

[0048] This invention provides a construction method for the tunnel boring machine described in Embodiment 1, comprising the following steps:

[0049] S1. During the construction of the horizontal tunnel, the front end of the conveyor belt 4 extends below the muck collection port 311 through the central channel 312. The drive device 2 drives the cutterhead 1 to break the rock and excavate out of the horizontal tunnel. The muck collection device 3 collects the rock debris cut by the cutterhead 1 to the front end of the conveyor belt 4, which then discharges it out of the tunnel. Specifically, the end of the conveyor belt 4 of the tunneling machine can extend below the muck collection port 311 of the muck collection device 3 through the central channel 312 to discharge the rock debris cut by the cutterhead 1 out of the tunnel. The side muck collection port 314 is sealed by the front sealing plate mechanism to prevent rock debris from entering the muck collection device 3 from the side and being discharged by the conveyor belt 4.

[0050] S2. The front end of the conveyor belt 4 moves backward until it is completely out of the slag receiving device 3. The central channel 312 of the closed portion of the slag receiving device 3 forms a slag outlet 313, which is connected to the intermediate slag chute 5. A bottom slag chute 7 is laid at the bottom of the tunnel, and the intermediate slag chute 5 is connected to the bottom slag chute 7. Specifically, after the horizontal tunnel construction is completed and an upward turn is implemented, the tunnel boring machine prepares to enter the inclined shaft excavation posture. The front end of the conveyor belt 4 is moved backward until it is completely out of the slag receiving hopper 31. In this embodiment, the conveyor belt 4 is moved to the rear of the drive device 2 to avoid affecting the central channel 312 of the closed portion of the rear sealing plate mechanism. The side slag receiving port 314 is opened by the front sealing plate mechanism to increase the slag receiving area. The central channel 312 of the closed portion of the rear sealing plate mechanism forms a slag outlet 313, which is connected to the intermediate slag chute 5.

[0051] S3. Driven by the drive device 2, the cutterhead 1 breaks the rock and excavates into the inclined shaft tunnel. A portion of the rock debris cut by the cutterhead 1 is collected at the slag outlet 313 by the slag receiving device 3 and discharged from the tunnel through the intermediate slag chute 5 and the bottom slag chute 7. The other portion of the rock debris that falls to the bottom of the tunnel is discharged from the tunnel through the bottom slag chute 7.

[0052] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0053] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0054] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that they are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," or "on top" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," or "beneath" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0055] In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0056] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make modifications, alterations, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel boring machine, characterized in that, It includes the main body of the tunneling machine, the cutterhead (1), the drive unit (2), the slag receiving device (3), the belt conveyor (4), and the intermediate slag chute (5). The drive device (2) is installed on the main body of the tunneling machine, the cutter head (1) is installed on the drive device (2), the slag receiving device (3) is installed on the drive device (2), and the slag receiving device (3) is located inside the cutter head (1). The slag receiving port (311) of the slag receiving device (3) is located below the slag outlet (313) of the cutter head (1). The slag receiving device (3) has a central channel (312), and the slag receiving device (3) can close part of the central channel (312) to form a slag outlet (313). The belt conveyor (4) is installed on the main body of the tunneling machine. The front end of the belt conveyor (4) can extend into the lower part of the slag receiving port (311) through the central channel (312). The slag outlet (313) can be connected to the intermediate slag chute (5). The slag receiving device (3) includes a slag receiving hopper (31) and a sealing plate mechanism. The slag receiving hopper (31) is installed on the driving device (2), and the sealing plate mechanism is installed on the slag receiving hopper (31). The slag receiving hopper (31) has a slag receiving port (311) and a central channel (312). The sealing plate mechanism can close part of the central channel (312) to form the slag outlet (313). Side slag inlets (314) are also provided on both sides of the slag inlet (311). The sealing mechanism includes a front sealing mechanism and a rear sealing mechanism; The front sealing plate mechanism is installed on the side slag inlet (314) to close or open the side slag inlet (314), and the rear sealing plate mechanism is installed at the central channel (312). During the excavation of the flat tunnel, the end of the belt conveyor (4) is extended through the central channel to the bottom of the slag receiving port (311) of the slag receiving device (3). The cutter head (1) is driven by the drive device (2) to break the rock and excavate. The rock slag cut by the cutter head (1) is collected at the end of the belt conveyor (4) by the slag receiving device (3), and the rock slag is discharged from the tunnel by the belt conveyor (4). When continuously excavating the inclined shaft tunnel from the flat tunnel, the belt conveyor (4) is moved back to completely exit the slag receiving device (3). The central channel of the closed part of the slag receiving device (3) forms the slag outlet (313) and is connected to the intermediate slag chute (5) so that the rock slag can be discharged from the intermediate slag chute (5).

2. The tunnel boring machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The front sealing plate mechanism includes a first sealing plate (321) and a first telescopic actuator (322). The first sealing plate (321) is slidably installed on the top of the side slag receiving port (314), and the first telescopic actuator (322) is installed on the slag receiving hopper (31). The first telescopic actuator (322) is connected to the first sealing plate (321) to drive the first sealing plate (321) to slide along the top edge of the side slag receiving port (314) to close or open the side slag receiving port (314).

3. The tunnel boring machine as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The top edge of the side slag inlet (314) is arc-shaped, and the shape of the first sealing plate (321) is arc-shaped, and the curvature of the two matches.

4. The tunnel boring machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The rear sealing plate mechanism includes a second sealing plate (331), a second telescopic actuator (332), two third sealing plates (333) and two third telescopic actuators (334). The second sealing plate (331) is slidably mounted above the central channel (312), and the second sealing plate (331) can slide down to close part of the central channel (312). The second telescopic actuator (332) is mounted above the second sealing plate (331) and is connected to the second sealing plate (331). The two third sealing plates (333) are rotatably mounted on both sides of the central channel (312), with their rotation axes oriented vertically. The two third telescopic actuators (334) are mounted on both sides of the central channel (312), and the third telescopic actuators (334) are connected to the third sealing plates (333) located on the same side.

5. The tunnel boring machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple slag discharge blades (315) are evenly arranged inside the side slag receiving port (314). The bottom end of the slag discharge blade (315) faces the slag discharge direction.

6. The tunnel boring machine as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The upper sides of the central channel (312) are respectively provided with slide rails extending in the vertical direction, and the slide rails extend downward to the edge of the central channel (312). The two ends of the second sealing plate (331) are slidably installed in the two slide rails.

7. The tunnel boring machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a shield (6) which is mounted on the outside of the drive unit (2) to protect the drive unit (2).

8. A construction method using a tunnel boring machine as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Including the following steps: S1. To carry out the construction of the horizontal tunnel, the front end of the belt conveyor (4) is extended into the lower part of the slag receiving port (311) through the central channel (312). The cutter head (1) is driven by the drive device (2) to break the rock and excavate out of the horizontal tunnel. The rock slag cut by the cutter head (1) is collected at the front end of the belt conveyor (4) by the slag receiving device (3) and discharged from the tunnel by the belt conveyor (4). S2. The front end of the belt conveyor (4) moves backward until it completely exits the slag receiving device (3). The central channel (312) of the closed part of the slag receiving device (3) forms the slag outlet (313). The intermediate slag chute (5) is connected through the slag outlet (313). A bottom slag chute (7) is laid at the bottom of the tunnel, and the intermediate slag chute (5) is connected to the bottom slag chute (7). S3. Drive the cutterhead (1) to break the rock and excavate the inclined shaft tunnel by the drive device (2). Collect a portion of the rock debris cut by the cutterhead (1) to the slag outlet (313) through the slag receiving device (3). Discharge the rock debris through the intermediate slag chute (5) and the bottom slag chute (7). Discharge the other portion of the rock debris that falls to the bottom of the tunnel through the bottom slag chute (7).

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