An XML and object-oriented-based knowledge representation method for work order expert system

Abstract

The application discloses a knowledge representation method of an operation ticket expert system based on XML and object orientation. The method is based on the idea of "all services for operation ticket reasoning", and investigates the operation commonness of the components involved from the process of listing operation tickets, so as to abstract "equipment class system". Then, the commonness of different operation tasks under various primary connection modes of a transformer substation is investigated, so as to abstract "operation task class system". The attributes and methods of the classes are defined by using the DTD of XML. The knowledge representation method combining XML and object orientation makes the whole knowledge system structure flexible, easy for data exchange and convenient for expansion, and can be effectively applied to the operation ticket expert system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a power grid dispatching operation ticket expert system, in particular to an operation ticket expert system knowledge representation method based on XML and object-oriented technology. Background Art

[0002] The advantages of XML (eXtensible Markup Language) representation lie in its flexibility and ease of organization and management of knowledge. XML-based knowledge representation is independent of specific hardware and software platforms, adaptable to network environments and distributed processing requirements, and easily extensible and highly operational. It provides a comprehensive standard for knowledge representation and data exchange formats for establishing distributed artificial intelligence environments. Consequently, XML-based knowledge representation has become a research hotspot and is widely used in various fields.

[0003] The power grid dispatching operation ticket expert system is an application software that uses the dispatchers' professional knowledge and field experience to make inferences and judgments, and simulates the decision-making process of field staff to write, circulate and manage dispatching operation tickets.

[0004] The knowledge base is the core of the operation ticket expert system, and choosing an appropriate knowledge representation method is crucial for building it. Traditional knowledge representation methods include production rule representation, framework representation, and semantic network representation. Production rule representation is a very natural form of knowledge representation, characterized by accuracy and flexibility, but the objects it represents are relatively simple and cannot effectively describe complex objects. Frameworks are complex semantic networks that can effectively describe complex objects. Semantic networks are graphical representations of knowledge and excel at representing static relationships between objects.

[0005] Compared to traditional knowledge representation methods, object-oriented knowledge representation abstracts from concrete objects in the objective world and the connections between them. This approach better aligns with how people perceive and analyze problems, and offers advantages such as code reuse and maintainability. It treats data and operations on data as an indivisible whole, abstracting this whole into a new data type—a class. Reasoning is achieved through class inheritance and inter-object message-based mechanisms, effectively describing the structural model of the real world.

[0006] In an object-oriented knowledge system, the knowledge possessed by an object constitutes the static properties of the object, and the knowledge processing methods and various operations possessed by an object describe the intelligent behavior of the object. Therefore, an object abstracted from the objective world can be represented as: <object>::=(ID, DS, MS, MI)

[0007] Among them: ID is the identifier of the object, that is, the object name; DS is the data structure of the object, which describes the static properties of the object; MS is the method of the object, which is used to explain the method operations provided by the object to process static data. Since the data of the object can only be changed by its specific operations, other objects cannot manipulate it, which reflects the information hiding or encapsulation of the object-oriented method; MI is the message interface of the object, which is used to receive external information and drive internal related operations and generate external output information. The solution to the problem is completed by passing messages between objects.

[0008] Some researchers have incorporated object-oriented technology into the knowledge representation and design of expert systems. Their approach is to abstract all primary equipment in a substation into classes based on their type, such as busbars into the bus class and switches into the breaker class. They then identify common attributes shared by these classes, such as the substation name, voltage level, and serial number. This allows them to abstract a base class for these classes, called the element class. Due to the diverse types of switches, the switch class is further subclassed into line switches, bypass switches, and transformer switches. Transformers are further subclassed into two-winding transformers, three-winding transformers, and so on.

[0009] This operation ticket expert system incorporates object-oriented technology for knowledge representation, encapsulating object attributes and interactions within the structure representing the object. This structure, based on the concept of "derivation," forms a tree-like hierarchical structure. This structure avoids information redundancy in the description and enhances knowledge utilization and management. However, for an operation ticket expert system, the primary focus is the automatic reasoning of operation tickets. Existing object-oriented expert systems simply abstract all electrical equipment into classes. This knowledge representation fails to fully leverage the advantages of object-oriented technology and is not fully suitable for reasoning, resulting in poor system maintainability.

[0010] Currently, a single knowledge representation method can no longer meet the needs of intelligent systems, so people are choosing to combine multiple representation methods to represent domain knowledge. Object-oriented representation is a new approach for analyzing and solving problems in intelligent systems. Currently, many object-oriented knowledge representation methods are combined with framework representations, constructing classes based on frameworks and embedding rules as "slots" within the classes. However, the lack of flexibility and difficulty in organization and management of framework representations have greatly limited the effectiveness of object-oriented technology. Summary of the Invention

[0011] The present invention aims to at least solve the technical problems existing in the prior art, and in particular innovatively proposes a knowledge representation method for an operation ticket expert system based on XML and object orientation.

[0012] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the present invention, the present invention provides an XML-based and object-oriented operation ticket expert system knowledge representation method, comprising the following steps:

[0013] S1, uses a general relational database to represent the substation network topology;

[0014] S2. List the class abstract methods of the operation ticket problem domain, and use XML DTD to define the class attributes, methods and inheritance relationships.

[0015] Preferably, according to the above technical solution, S1 includes:

[0016] There are two different types of tables in a general relational database, one is called an interval table and the other is called a transformer table. The two tables are associated through the switch number field.

[0017] Preferably, according to the above technical solution, S2 includes:

[0018] In the class abstraction method, the common operational characteristics of all components are traversed from the process of issuing operation tickets to define the equipment class system; then the different operation tasks under various primary main connection modes of the substation are traversed to define the operation task class system.

[0019] According to the above technical solution, the equipment system preferably includes:

[0020] Instead of abstracting the primary devices of busbars and transformers into separate classes, we define only switches as the TBreaker class and knife switches as the TSwitch class. All secondary devices are encapsulated as data members within the corresponding primary device classes, rather than being abstracted into separate classes. Because switches and knife switches share common operational characteristics—they both operate open or closed, and have attributes such as names and numbers—their base classes are abstracted and called the opening and closing element class, or TElement. Electromagnetic switches have a closing fuse, while spring-loaded switches do not. Therefore, the switch class is divided into spring-loaded and electromagnetic switch classes.

[0021] According to the above technical solution, the operation task system preferably includes:

[0022] Under the same wiring scheme, in single-busbar sectionalized wiring, line outages and circuit breaker outages require disconnecting the circuit breaker and both side switches; the difference lies in the placement of the ground wire and the need to remove the control and close the fuses. Define a base class for line outages and circuit breaker outages, serving as the basic operation class for outgoing line switch shutdowns.

[0023] The same operational tasks share commonalities across different busbar wiring configurations. Whether using a single busbar sectionalizing or a single busbar sectionalizing with bypass busbar wiring, circuit breaker outage tasks require disconnecting the circuit breaker from both circuit breakers, attaching ground wires to both sides of the circuit breaker, and removing the control fuse. The difference is that with a single busbar sectionalizing with bypass busbar wiring, the load can be bypassed during a circuit breaker outage, while this is not possible with a single busbar sectionalizing. Within the circuit breaker outage category, a subcategory for load replacement by circuit breaker outage is defined.

[0024] According to the above technical solution, the equipment system preferably includes:

[0025] Obtain the most recent TBreaker and TSwitch class operation instructions; compare the most recent TBreaker and TSwitch class operation instructions with preset operation instructions, and filter out the operation instruction time series that corresponds to the correct operation instructions; that is, the instructions that are the same as the preset operation instructions in historical time; after fitting the preset operation instructions and the most recent TBreaker and TSwitch class operation instructions, plan the optimal TBreaker and TSwitch class operation instructions, which will become the TBreaker and TSwitch class operation ticket issuance type.

[0026] According to the above technical solution, the equipment system preferably includes:

[0027] Obtain the most recent spring-type switch and electromagnetic switch operation instruction, compare the historical spring-type switch and electromagnetic switch operation instructions with the most recent spring-type switch and electromagnetic switch operation instruction, and filter out the instruction content that is the same in the two operation instructions; obtain the most recent spring-type switch and electromagnetic switch operation instruction and compare it with the preset spring-type switch and electromagnetic switch operation instructions to determine whether the most recent spring-type switch and electromagnetic switch operation instruction is in the correct operation instruction. If so, execute the most recent spring-type switch and electromagnetic switch operation instruction; if not, determine the issuance time of the most recent spring-type switch and electromagnetic switch operation instruction and record it, and execute the operation ticket issuance type that conforms to the correct operation instruction.

[0028] According to the above technical solution, preferably, in the operation task system,

[0029] Under the same wiring mode, perform basic operations on outgoing switch shutdown, collect status data of secondary equipment of the whole station for five-protection substation, and network port connection topology data of the whole station, set operation authority under the same wiring mode, and perform basic operations on outgoing switch shutdown; load basic operations on outgoing switch shutdown to communicate with secondary equipment to form the working status of operation ticket of secondary equipment; establish basic operation ticket rules for outgoing switch shutdown and outgoing switch shutdown anti-misoperation according to operation authority under the same wiring mode; determine secondary maintenance operation objects according to operation authority under the same wiring mode, formulate operation instructions of secondary operation ticket, formulate anti-misoperation check for outgoing switch shutdown, and verify operation instructions of secondary operation ticket item by item; simulate operation instructions of verified secondary operation ticket under the same wiring mode, and manage printing operation ticket through expert system according to verified correct secondary operation ticket.

[0030] According to the above technical solution, preferably, in the operation task system,

[0031] Under different wiring modes, the load operation sub-category operation ticket issuance instruction is used for the line switch power outage operation sub-category to perform load operation sub-category operation ticket issuance management, and the load operation sub-category operation ticket issuance database is stored. The operation ticket number, operation location, operation content and operation process are carried out, and the location address of the operation task of executing the five-prevention substation is used in the operation ticket number; the operation task is to perform the line switch power outage operation sub-category under different wiring modes;

[0032] In addition, according to the operation rules of the line switch for power outage and load replacement under different wiring methods, the operation steps are classified, including disconnecting the line switch and the knife switches on both sides, hanging ground wires on both sides of the switch, and removing the control fuse. Each operation rule instruction is recorded separately to obtain the corresponding operation ticket execution instructions under different wiring methods. Later, the operation steps under different wiring methods need to be saved; the operation ticket is searched and the ticket instruction is issued according to the saved operation steps.

[0033] According to the above technical solution, preferably, in the operation task system,

[0034] According to the line switch power outage replacement load operation instructions marked under different wiring methods, the starting state and the ending state in the operation instruction are extracted, and the line switch and the knife switches on both sides are disconnected, the ground wires on both sides of the switch are hung, and the control fuse instructions are removed from the operation instruction. The corresponding actual triggered operation instruction is found out through the saved operation instruction. The starting state in the target operation instruction is used as the initial point, the ending state is used as the end point, and the operation instruction in the middle is used as the intermediate point. According to the extraction sequence of the target operation instruction, the specific operation device number of the corresponding five-defense substation equipment extracted from the target operation instruction is formed. The specific operation device number of the corresponding five-defense substation equipment is divided into primary equipment and secondary equipment. The target operation device and the connection relationship between the target operation device are found by using the positioning device instruction. The line switch power outage replacement load operation that can be completed under different wiring methods is judged, and the target operation ticket execution instruction is generated. This application extracts the behavior of the five-defense substation operation equipment correctly executing the operation ticket instruction in the same wiring method task and in the different wiring method tasks through instruction judgment and mapping relationship, thereby generating a verified five-defense substation operation ticket, improving the accuracy of operation ticket issuance and preventing misoperation.

[0035] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0036] Programming languages ​​based on XML and object-oriented technology have many excellent features such as inheritance, polymorphism, and encapsulation. Applying this technology to the knowledge representation of operation tickets and the implementation of inference engines, finding the commonalities of operation tickets and reasonably abstracting the classes of the problem domain will make the expert system have the advantages of short code, easy maintenance, easy modification and easy expansion, which not only facilitates the reasoning of the system, but also improves the versatility of the system.

[0037] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description which follows, or may be learned by practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0039] Figure 1 It is an overall schematic diagram of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended only to explain the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0041] Knowledge representation methods based on XML and object-oriented technology incorporate the advantages of XML. They define class attributes, methods, and inheritance relationships using XML's Document Type Definition (DTD). This makes the entire knowledge system structure flexible, facilitates data exchange, and is easy to expand. This approach is suitable for distributed intelligent systems and has great operability and application prospects. This knowledge representation method has been widely studied and applied in expert systems such as distance education systems, agricultural expert systems, and geographic information systems.

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention discloses a knowledge integration method based on XML and object-oriented programming to serve system reasoning. In order to allow users to conveniently maintain it, an easy-to-operate user interface must first be designed. The substation operation ticket expert system mainly performs some logical reasoning work and does not require numerical calculations. Therefore, common methods such as network topology diagrams, adjacency matrices, and node association matrices are not suitable for representing the substation topology knowledge in the operation ticket expert system. Since the switching operation of the substation is not a single component, but a group of related components, namely the electrical interval.

[0043] Therefore, a general relational database was designed to represent network topology knowledge. The database contains two distinct tables: the "bay table" and the "transformer table." These two tables are linked by the "switch number" field. By examining the data in these two tables, the system can determine the substation's wiring method and equipment type, enabling accurate inference. For example, if the "shunt switch" field in the "bay table" is not empty, the system can determine that the substation has a shunt connection.

[0044] The "Bay Table" contains numerous data tables, each containing a single record representing a bay. To ensure universality, the fields in each table were designed with redundancy. This means that a data table corresponding to a particular wiring configuration includes fields for all the primary and secondary devices that might be present in the bay under that configuration, such as switch number, switch type, and busbar-side switch number.

[0045] When entering an operation ticket issuance instruction, if the field value for equipment not included in the operation ticket expert system is set to blank, the system will be able to make correct inferences. For example, for an operation such as switching from operation to maintenance on a line with a grounding switch, there is an instruction to "Close the KD grounding switch and check that it is properly closed." If the line does not have a KD grounding switch, then setting the "Load-side grounding switch number" field value to blank will allow the system to infer the instruction to "Hook up grounding wire 1 and check that it is properly closed" instead of "Close the KD grounding switch and check that it is properly closed."

[0046] Abstract the operations of object-oriented technology into classes:

[0047] With a universal, user-oriented database interface in place, the next step is to transform the topological structure knowledge entered by users into object-oriented knowledge for system reasoning and operation ticket generation. More importantly, to make the system universal and easier to reason about, the operator's knowledge of generating operation tickets—that is, operational knowledge—must be represented using an object-oriented approach.

[0048] Based on the theory of class abstraction in object-oriented technology, a new idea of ​​abstract class is proposed, which is different from the existing operation ticket expert system - "everything serves operation ticket reasoning". That is, instead of abstracting all primary and secondary equipment in the substation into classes according to the type of equipment, the components involved and the operational commonalities of the components involved are examined in the process of issuing operation tickets, thereby abstracting an "equipment class system"; then the commonalities of different operation tasks under various primary main connection modes of the substation are examined, and an "operation task class system" suitable for operation ticket reasoning is abstracted.

[0049] (1) Equipment system

[0050] Each operation sequence in an operation ticket involves only two primary devices, switches and circuit breakers, as well as various secondary devices such as closing fuses, control fuses, and protective pressure plates. Each operation task can be completed by simply manipulating the relevant switches, circuit breakers, and secondary devices. Therefore, rather than abstracting the busbar and transformer primary devices into separate classes, we abstract only switches into one class (TBreaker) and circuit breakers into another (TSwitch). Considering that various secondary device operations, such as "activate a certain switch control fuse," complement or complement switch and circuit breaker operations, for efficient reasoning, all secondary devices are encapsulated as data members within the corresponding primary device class rather than being abstracted into separate classes. The closing fuse and control fuse are encapsulated within the switch class, while the grounding switch and grounding wire are encapsulated within the circuit breaker class. Furthermore, since switches and circuit breakers share common operations: they can be opened or closed, and possess attributes such as names and numbers, their base class is abstracted, called the opening and closing component class (TElement class). Finally, considering that electromagnetic switches have a closing fuse, while spring-loaded switches do not, we derive the electromagnetic switch class from the switch (spring-loaded switch) class. This abstracts the "device class system" that serves operation ticket reasoning.

[0051] To facilitate operation ticket reasoning, XML DTD is used to define the attributes and methods of the class, and a customized XML application is used to interpret the instantiated knowledge representation document. Its form is as follows:

[0052] <? xmlversion="1.0"encoding="GB2312"? >

[0053] <! ELEMENTTElement(TElement+)>

[0054] Element (opening and closing component) definition

[0055] <! ELEMENTTElement(subname, name, voltage)>

[0056] <! ELEMENTsubname(#PCDATA)><! --Substation name -->

[0057] <! ELEMENTname(TBreaker, TSwitch)><! --name-->

[0058] <!ELEMENTvoltage(#PCDATA)><!-- Voltage Level -->

[0059] Breaker1 (electromagnetic switch) definition

[0060] <! ELEMENTTBreaker1(swistate)>

[0061] <! ELEMENTswistate(#PCDATA)><! -- Closing fuse status -->

[0062] Switch definition

[0063] <! ELEMENTTSwitch(breakerno,groundname,brstate)>

[0064] <! ELEMENTbreakerno(#PCDATA)><! --The switch number connected to the knife switch-->

[0065] <! ELEMENTgroundname(#PCDATA)><! --Name of the ground knife between the knife switch and the switch -->

[0066] <! ELEMENTbrstate(#PCDATA)><! -- Status of the grounding knife (ground wire) between the knife switch and the switch -->

[0067] Lswitch (load side knife switch) definition

[0068] <! ELEMENTTLswitch(groundno,lstate)>

[0069] <! ELEMENTgroundno(#PCDATA)><! --Package ground switch number-->

[0070] <! ELEMENTlstate(#PCDATA)><! -- Status of the load side switch and the load-side grounding switch (grounding wire) -->

[0071] Compared with previous methods, this abstract class method has the advantages of fewer abstracted classes and clear class hierarchy. The full use of the inheritance mechanism and the encapsulation of secondary equipment make it possible to complete various operation tasks by using objects generated by the four classes of "switch", "electromagnetic switch", "busbar side knife switch" and "load side knife switch", which will simplify the design of the inference engine and improve the inference speed.

[0072] (2) Operation task system

[0073] In order to serve the reasoning of operation tickets, an "operation task class system" was abstracted from the commonalities of various operation tasks under different wiring methods.

[0074] ① Within the same wiring configuration, various operational tasks share commonalities: For example, in a single-busbar sectionalized wiring configuration, both "line outage" and "line switch outage" operations require disconnecting the line switch and the circuit breakers on both sides. The difference lies in the placement of the ground wire and the need to remove the control and close the fuses for the latter. A "Basic Outage Operations for Outgoing Line Switches" class, representing the base class for both "line outage" and "line switch outage" classes, can be abstracted to perform the disconnection of the switch and the circuit breakers on both sides.

[0075] ② The same operational task also shares commonalities across different busbar configurations. For example, regardless of whether a single busbar segmented or single busbar segmented with bypass busbar configuration is used, the "circuit breaker power outage" task requires disconnecting the circuit breaker from both circuit breakers, attaching ground wires to both sides of the switch, and removing the control fuse. However, with a single busbar segmented with bypass busbar configuration, the load can be replaced by a bypass circuit breaker, whereas with a single busbar segmented configuration, this is not possible. Therefore, the "circuit breaker power outage load replacement" subclass has been derived from the "circuit breaker power outage" class.

[0076] In addition, since the implementation of any operation task is to operate on the device components, the various classes in the "Device Class System" are encapsulated in the various classes of the "Operation Task Class System" and used as their data members. The definition format is as follows:

[0077] Definition of basic operation class for outgoing line switch shutdown

[0078] <! ELEMENTlineoperator(breaker, bswitch)>

[0079] <!ELEMENTbreaker(#PCDATA)><!--Object generated by the encapsulation switch class-->

[0080] <! ELEMENTbswitch(#PCDATA)><! -- Encapsulate the object generated by the busbar side switch class -->

[0081] As you can see, with the "Basic Outage Operations for Outgoing Line Switches" base class, we can leverage inheritance to add code to derive line outage, line switch outage, and line switch outage substitute load classes. These classes handle line outage and line switch outage operations for all wiring configurations, making the system highly versatile. Even when encountering an unforeseen operation, code reuse can be leveraged to add a small amount of code to construct and derive a new class, allowing the system to infer the corresponding operation ticket, making the system extremely maintainable.

[0082] According to the preferred technical solution, the most recent TBreaker and TSwitch operation instructions are obtained from the device class system; the most recent TBreaker and TSwitch operation instructions are compared with preset operation instructions, and the operation instruction time series corresponding to the correct operation instructions are screened out; that is, the instructions that are the same as the preset operation instructions in the historical time; after fitting the preset operation instructions with the most recent TBreaker and TSwitch operation instructions, the optimal TBreaker and TSwitch operation instructions are planned, thereby forming the TBreaker and TSwitch operation ticket issuance type;

[0083] Obtain the most recent spring-type switch and electromagnetic switch operation instruction, compare the historical spring-type switch and electromagnetic switch operation instructions with the most recent spring-type switch and electromagnetic switch operation instruction, and filter out the instruction content that is the same in the two operation instructions; obtain the most recent spring-type switch and electromagnetic switch operation instruction and compare it with the preset spring-type switch and electromagnetic switch operation instructions to determine whether the most recent spring-type switch and electromagnetic switch operation instruction is in the correct operation instruction. If so, execute the most recent spring-type switch and electromagnetic switch operation instruction; if not, determine the issuance time of the most recent spring-type switch and electromagnetic switch operation instruction and record it, and execute the operation ticket issuance type that conforms to the correct operation instruction.

[0084] According to the preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, in the operation task system,

[0085] Under the same wiring mode, perform basic operations on outgoing switch shutdown, collect status data of all secondary equipment used in the five-protection substation, and network port connection topology data of the entire station, set operation permissions under the same wiring mode, and perform basic operations on outgoing switch shutdown; load basic operations on outgoing switch shutdown to communicate with secondary equipment to form the working status of the operation ticket of secondary equipment; establish basic operation ticket rules for outgoing switch shutdown and outgoing switch shutdown anti-misoperation according to the operation permissions under the same wiring mode; determine the secondary maintenance operation object according to the operation permissions under the same wiring mode, and formulate the operation instructions of the secondary operation ticket, formulate the anti-misoperation check for outgoing switch shutdown, and verify the operation instructions of the secondary operation ticket item by item; simulate the operation instructions of the verified secondary operation ticket under the same wiring mode, and manage the printing of the operation ticket through the expert system according to the verified correct secondary operation ticket;

[0086] According to the above technical solution, under different wiring modes,

[0087] For the sub-category of line switch power outage sub-load operation, as the load operation sub-category operation ticket issuance instruction, load operation sub-category operation ticket issuance management is carried out to realize the storage of the load operation sub-category operation ticket issuance database, and the operation ticket number, operation location, operation content and operation process are carried out. The location address of the operation task of executing the five-prevention substation is used in the operation ticket number; the operation task is to perform line switch power outage sub-load operation under different wiring modes;

[0088] And according to the operation rules of line switch power outage and load replacement under different wiring modes, the operation steps are classified, including disconnecting the line switch and the knife switches on both sides, hanging the ground wires on both sides of the switch, and removing the control fuse. Each operation rule instruction is recorded separately to obtain the corresponding operation ticket execution instructions under different wiring modes. Later, the operation steps under different wiring modes need to be saved; according to the saved operation steps, the operation ticket is searched and the ticket instruction is issued.

[0089] According to the line switch power outage replacement load operation instructions marked under different wiring methods, the starting state and the ending state in the operation instruction are extracted, and the line switch and the knife switches on both sides are disconnected, the ground wires on both sides of the switch are hung, and the control fuse instructions are removed from the operation instruction. The corresponding actual triggered operation instruction is found out through the saved operation instruction. The starting state in the target operation instruction is used as the initial point, the ending state is used as the end point, and the operation instruction in the middle is used as the intermediate point. According to the extraction sequence of the target operation instruction, the specific operation device number of the corresponding five-defense substation equipment extracted from the target operation instruction is formed. The specific operation device number of the corresponding five-defense substation equipment is divided into primary equipment and secondary equipment. The target operation device and the connection relationship between the target operation device are found by using the positioning device instruction. The line switch power outage replacement load operation that can be completed under different wiring methods is judged, and the target operation ticket execution instruction is generated. This application extracts the behavior of the five-defense substation operation equipment correctly executing the operation ticket instruction in the same wiring method task and in the different wiring method tasks through instruction judgment and mapping relationship, thereby generating a verified five-defense substation operation ticket, improving the accuracy of operation ticket issuance and preventing misoperation.

[0090] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A knowledge representation method for an operation ticket expert system based on XML and object-oriented, characterized in that: The steps include: S1, uses a general relational database to represent the substation network topology; S2, list the class abstract methods of the operation ticket problem domain, and use XML DTD to define the class attributes, methods and inheritance relationships; The class abstraction method is to traverse the common operation characteristics of all components in the process of opening operation tickets, thereby defining the equipment class system; Then, we traverse the different operation tasks under various primary main connection modes of the substation to define the operation task class system; The operation task system includes: Under the same wiring mode, in the single busbar segmented wiring mode, the line power outage and line switch power outage operations require disconnecting the line switch and the knife switches on both sides; define the base class of line power outage and line switch power outage as the basic operation class for outgoing line switch shutdown; Under the same wiring mode, perform basic operations on outgoing switch shutdown, collect status data of all secondary equipment used in the five-protection substation, and network port connection topology data of the entire station, set operation permissions under the same wiring mode, and perform basic operations on outgoing switch shutdown; load basic operations on outgoing switch shutdown to communicate with secondary equipment to form the working status of the operation ticket of secondary equipment; establish basic operation ticket rules for outgoing switch shutdown and outgoing switch shutdown anti-misoperation according to the operation permissions under the same wiring mode; determine the secondary maintenance operation object according to the operation permissions under the same wiring mode, and formulate the operation instructions of the secondary operation ticket, formulate the anti-misoperation check for outgoing switch shutdown, and verify the operation instructions of the secondary operation ticket item by item; simulate the operation instructions of the verified secondary operation ticket under the same wiring mode, and manage the printing of the operation ticket through the expert system according to the verified correct secondary operation ticket; Under different wiring modes, the operation tasks for the circuit breaker power outage category include disconnecting the circuit breaker and the knife switches on both sides, connecting the ground wires on both sides of the switch, and removing the control fuse. Under the circuit breaker power outage category, a circuit breaker power outage load operation subcategory is defined; Under different wiring modes, the load operation sub-category operation ticket issuance instruction is used for the line switch power outage operation sub-category to perform load operation sub-category operation ticket issuance management, and the load operation sub-category operation ticket issuance database is stored. The operation ticket number, operation location, operation content and operation process are carried out, and the location address of the operation task of executing the five-prevention substation is used in the operation ticket number; the operation task is to perform the line switch power outage operation sub-category under different wiring modes; In addition, the operation steps are classified according to the operation rules of line switch power outage and load replacement under different wiring methods, including disconnecting the line switch and the knife switches on both sides, hanging ground wires on both sides of the switch, and removing the control fuse. Each operation rule instruction is recorded separately to obtain the corresponding operation ticket execution instructions under different wiring methods. Later, the operation steps under different wiring methods need to be saved; the operation ticket is searched and the ticket issuance instruction is carried out according to the saved operation steps.

2. The method for representing knowledge of an operation ticket expert system based on XML and object-oriented programming according to claim 1, characterized in that: Said S1 comprises: There are two different types of tables in a general relational database, one is called an interval table and the other is called a transformer table. The two tables are associated through the switch number field.

3. The method for representing knowledge of an operation ticket expert system based on XML and object-oriented programming according to claim 1, characterized in that: The equipment system includes: The switch is defined as the TBreaker class, the knife switch is defined as the TSwitch class, and all secondary devices are encapsulated as data members in the corresponding primary device class. Since the operations of the switch and the knife switch have similarities, they are called the opening and closing element class, that is, the TElement class; the electromagnetic switch has a closing fuse, and the switch class is divided into spring switch class and electromagnetic switch class.

4. The method for representing knowledge of an operation ticket expert system based on XML and object-oriented programming according to claim 1, characterized in that: The equipment system includes: Obtain the most recent TBreaker and TSwitch class operation instructions; compare the most recent TBreaker and TSwitch class operation instructions with preset operation instructions, and filter out the operation instruction time series that corresponds to the correct operation instructions; that is, the instructions that are the same as the preset operation instructions in historical time; after fitting the preset operation instructions and the most recent TBreaker and TSwitch class operation instructions, plan the optimal TBreaker and TSwitch class operation instructions, which will become the TBreaker and TSwitch class operation ticket issuance type.

5. The method for representing knowledge of an operation ticket expert system based on XML and object-oriented programming according to claim 1, characterized in that: The equipment system includes: Obtain the most recent spring-type switch and electromagnetic switch operation instruction, compare the historical spring-type switch and electromagnetic switch operation instructions with the most recent spring-type switch and electromagnetic switch operation instruction, and filter out the instruction content that is the same in the two operation instructions; obtain the most recent spring-type switch and electromagnetic switch operation instruction and compare it with the preset spring-type switch and electromagnetic switch operation instructions to determine whether the most recent spring-type switch and electromagnetic switch operation instruction is in the correct operation instruction. If so, execute the most recent spring-type switch and electromagnetic switch operation instruction; if not, determine the issuance time of the most recent spring-type switch and electromagnetic switch operation instruction and record it, and execute the operation ticket issuance type that conforms to the correct operation instruction.

6. The method for representing knowledge of an operation ticket expert system based on XML and object-oriented programming according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the operation task class system, Based on the line switch power outage load replacement operation instructions marked under different wiring modes, the starting state and ending state in the operation instructions are extracted. The instructions for disconnecting the line switch and the knife switches on both sides, connecting the ground wires on both sides of the switch, and removing the control fuse are extracted from the operation instructions. The corresponding actually triggered operation instructions are found through the saved operation instructions. The starting state in the target operation instruction is used as the initial point, the ending state as the end point, and the middle operation instruction as the intermediate point. According to the extraction sequence of the target operation instruction, the specific operation device number of the corresponding five-defense substation equipment extracted from the target operation instruction is formed. The specific operation device numbers of the corresponding five-defense substation equipment are divided into primary equipment and secondary equipment. The target operation device and the connection relationship between the target operation devices are found using the positioning device instruction. The line switch power outage load replacement operation that can be completed under different wiring modes is determined, and the target operation ticket execution instruction is generated. Through instruction judgment and mapping relationship, the behavior of the five-defense substation operation equipment correctly executing the operation ticket instruction in the same wiring mode task and in different wiring mode tasks is extracted, thereby generating a verified five-defense substation operation ticket, improving the accuracy of operation ticket issuance and preventing misoperation.

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