A K / Ka band dual-frequency conical beam antenna

Abstract

The present invention discloses a K / Ka band dual-frequency conical beam antenna, comprising a high-frequency filtering and feeding module, a low-frequency power splitting and feeding module, and a nested horn module; the nested horn module comprises a circular waveguide horn and a coaxial horn nested outside the circular waveguide horn; the high-frequency filtering and feeding module is used to filter and perform mode conversion on input high-frequency electromagnetic energy, and output electromagnetic waves in a coaxial TEM mode; the electromagnetic waves in the coaxial TEM mode are used to excite the circular waveguide horn; the low-frequency power splitting and feeding module is used to perform power distribution on the input low-frequency electromagnetic energy, and output a plurality of electromagnetic waves with equal amplitude and phase; the plurality of electromagnetic waves with equal amplitude and phase are used to symmetrically excite the coaxial horn; the present invention can realize the radiation characteristics of a dual-band dual-conical beam, effectively improving the detection range of the antenna; the filtering function is integrated in the high-frequency filtering and feeding module, effectively improving the anti-interference capability of the antenna; and at the same time, it has high power capacity and radiation efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of antennas, and in particular relates to a K / Ka band dual-frequency conical beam antenna. Background Art

[0002] Antennas are key components in wireless communication systems, performing energy conversion between guided electromagnetic waves and radiated electromagnetic waves. The maximum radiation direction of a conical beam antenna is on a cone with a preset inclination angle to the normal, and its radiation pattern and polarization are both axially symmetric. Therefore, conical beam antennas are widely used in ground satellite communication terminals, indoor WLAN micro base stations, and radio fuse systems.

[0003] At present, the existing conical beam antennas are generally single-band conical beam radiation, and their detection range is very limited, which cannot meet the millimeter wave detection needs of guidance systems, tracking systems or communication systems; secondly, the existing conical beam antennas also have problems with power capacity and low efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a K / Ka band dual-frequency conical beam antenna to solve the technical problems of the existing conical beam antenna having a large detection range limitation, low power capacity and low efficiency.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] The present invention provides a K / Ka band dual-frequency conical beam antenna, comprising a high-frequency filtering feed module, a low-frequency power splitter feed module, and a nested horn module; the nested horn module comprises a circular waveguide horn and a coaxial horn nested outside the circular waveguide horn;

[0007] The high-frequency filtering and feeding module is used to filter and mode-convert the input high-frequency electromagnetic energy, and output electromagnetic waves in a coaxial TEM mode; wherein the electromagnetic waves in the coaxial TEM mode are used to excite the circular waveguide horn;

[0008] The low-frequency power division and feeding module is used to distribute the power of the input low-frequency electromagnetic energy and output a number of electromagnetic waves with equal amplitude and phase; wherein the plurality of electromagnetic waves with equal amplitude and phase are used to symmetrically excite the coaxial speaker.

[0009] Furthermore, the high-frequency filtering and feeding module includes a filtering unit, a waveguide coaxial conversion unit, and a coaxial probe, the central axes of which are located on the same straight line and are connected in sequence;

[0010] The filtering unit is used to filter the input high-frequency electromagnetic energy to obtain an electromagnetic wave of a preset frequency after filtering;

[0011] The waveguide coaxial conversion unit is used to convert the TE 10 The mode electromagnetic wave is converted into the coaxial TEM mode electromagnetic wave;

[0012] One end of the coaxial probe is connected to the output end of the waveguide-to-coaxial conversion unit, and the other end of the coaxial probe is connected to the circular waveguide horn.

[0013] Furthermore, the low-frequency power splitter feeding module includes a feeding waveguide and an arc-shaped power splitter waveguide;

[0014] The feeding waveguide is arranged above the arc-shaped power dividing waveguide;

[0015] The feeding waveguide includes a circular waveguide and four rectangular waveguides, wherein the circular waveguide is arranged concentrically with the arc-shaped power splitter waveguide; the four rectangular waveguides are evenly arranged on the outer circumference of the circular waveguide and extend in the radial direction of the circular waveguide and away from the center of the circular waveguide;

[0016] A coupling slot is provided on the surface of the rectangular waveguide portion, and the coupling slot is provided close to one side of the arc-shaped power splitting waveguide; the rectangular waveguide portion and the arc-shaped power splitting waveguide are connected via the coupling slot;

[0017] The nested speaker module is concentrically arranged above the circular waveguide.

[0018] Furthermore, the low-frequency power splitter feeding module further includes a terminal short-circuit waveguide, and the terminal short-circuit waveguide is arranged at the first end of the arc-shaped power splitter waveguide.

[0019] Furthermore, the low-frequency power splitter feeding module also includes a waveguide transition structure and a second flange; one end of the waveguide transition structure is connected to the second flange, and the other end of the waveguide transition structure is connected to the second end of the arc-shaped power splitter waveguide.

[0020] Furthermore, the circular waveguide horn includes a concentrically connected circular waveguide and a first open circular horn; wherein, one end of the circular waveguide extends to the interior of the circular waveguide, and the other end of the first circular waveguide is connected to the first open circular horn.

[0021] Furthermore, the coaxial horn includes a coaxial waveguide and a second open horn that are concentrically connected; wherein, the coaxial waveguide is nested on the outside of the circular waveguide, one end of the coaxial waveguide is connected to the surface of the circular waveguide, and the other end of the coaxial waveguide is connected to the second open horn.

[0022] Furthermore, the outer conductor of the coaxial horn is the circular waveguide horn, and the inner conductor of the coaxial horn is the outer wall of the coaxial horn.

[0023] Furthermore, the high-frequency electromagnetic energy is input through a WR-28 standard waveguide port, and the low-frequency electromagnetic energy is input through a WR-42 standard waveguide port.

[0024] Furthermore, the manufacturing process of the K / Ka band dual-band conical beam antenna is as follows:

[0025] According to the design requirements, the antenna substrate is processed using the photo-curing additive manufacturing process;

[0026] The antenna substrate is subjected to surface metallization treatment by adopting a chemical copper plating method to obtain the K / Ka band dual-frequency conical beam antenna.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] The present invention provides a K / Ka band dual-frequency conical beam antenna. The antenna uses a high-frequency filtering and feeding module to filter and perform mode conversion on high-frequency electromagnetic energy, and uses the output coaxial TEM mode electromagnetic waves to excite a circular waveguide horn. The antenna uses a low-frequency power splitter feeding module to distribute the power of the low-frequency electromagnetic energy, and uses a plurality of output electromagnetic waves with equal amplitude and phase to symmetrically excite the coaxial horn, thereby realizing the radiation characteristics of a dual-band dual-conical beam and effectively improving the detection range of the antenna. The filtering function is integrated into the high-frequency filtering and feeding module, effectively improving the anti-interference capability of the antenna. The device has a simple structure and adopts an air-filled waveguide structure, so that it has high power capacity and radiation efficiency.

[0029] Furthermore, a filtering unit is used to filter the input electromagnetic energy to achieve impedance bandwidth control of the antenna, which can significantly improve the out-of-band suppression capability and effectively improve the antenna's anti-interference capability; by setting a wave conversion unit, the power capacity of the antenna is effectively improved, and the antenna is guaranteed to have a high radiation efficiency.

[0030] Furthermore, the low-frequency power divider feeding module adopts a combination of feeding waveguide and arc-shaped power divider waveguide, and utilizes the power distribution structure of slot feeding to effectively reduce the volume of the power divider; at the same time, it can achieve equal amplitude and phase excitation of the outer nested speakers.

[0031] Furthermore, by providing a terminal short-circuit waveguide at the first end of the arc-shaped power division waveguide, the matching of the low-frequency power division feeding module is utilized, thereby improving the matching performance of the antenna.

[0032] Furthermore, a waveguide transition structure and a second flange are provided to match and connect the low-frequency feeding module with a standard waveguide input port. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a K / Ka band dual-frequency conical beam antenna according to an embodiment;

[0034] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the high-frequency filter feeding module in the embodiment;

[0035] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the low-frequency power splitter feeding module in the embodiment;

[0036] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the nested speaker module in the embodiment;

[0037] Figure 5 2. It is a diagram showing the simulation results of the low-frequency reflection coefficient of the K / Ka band dual-band conical beam antenna in the embodiment;

[0038] Figure 6 2. It is a diagram showing the simulation results of the high-frequency reflection system of the K / Ka band dual-frequency conical beam antenna in the embodiment;

[0039] Figure 7 2. It is a diagram showing the low-frequency isolation simulation results of the K / Ka band dual-band conical beam antenna in the embodiment;

[0040] Figure 8 1. It is a diagram showing the high-frequency isolation simulation results of the K / Ka band dual-frequency conical beam antenna in the embodiment;

[0041] Figure 9 : is the far-field radiation pattern of the K / Ka band dual-frequency conical beam antenna in the embodiment at 24.7 GHz and φ = 0°;

[0042] Figure 10 : is the far-field radiation pattern of the K / Ka band dual-frequency conical beam antenna in the embodiment at 24.7 GHz and φ = 90°;

[0043] Figure 11 : is the far-field radiation pattern of the K / Ka band dual-frequency conical beam antenna in the embodiment at 33 GHz, φ=0°;

[0044] Figure 12 : is the far-field radiation pattern of the K / Ka band dual-frequency conical beam antenna in the embodiment at 33 GHz and φ = 90°;

[0045] Figure 13 2. It is a diagram showing the low-frequency gain simulation results of the K / Ka band dual-band conical beam antenna in the embodiment;

[0046] Figure 14 1. It is a diagram showing the high-frequency gain simulation results of the K / Ka band dual-frequency conical beam antenna in the embodiment;

[0047] Figure 152. It is a diagram showing the low-frequency efficiency simulation results of the K / Ka band dual-band conical beam antenna in the embodiment;

[0048] Figure 16 Graph showing the high frequency efficiency simulation results of the K / Ka band dual-band conical beam antenna in the embodiment.

[0049] Among them, 1 is a high-frequency filtering and feeding module, 2 is a low-frequency power dividing and feeding module, 3 is a nested horn module; 11 is a first flange, 12 is a filtering unit, 13 is a waveguide-coaxial conversion unit, 14 is a coaxial probe; 21 is a feeding waveguide, 22 is an arc-shaped power dividing waveguide, 23 is a terminal short-circuit waveguide, 24 is a waveguide transition structure, 25 is a second flange; 211 is a coupling slot; 31 is a circular waveguide horn, 32 is a coaxial horn. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail in the following specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0051] The present invention provides a K / Ka band dual-frequency conical beam antenna, comprising a high-frequency filtering and feeding module 1, a low-frequency power splitting and feeding module 2, and a nested horn module 3, which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top; the high-frequency filtering and feeding module 1 is used to filter and perform mode conversion on input high-frequency electromagnetic energy, and output electromagnetic waves in a coaxial TEM mode; wherein the electromagnetic waves in the coaxial TEM mode are used to excite a circular waveguide horn 31 in the nested horn module 3; the low-frequency power splitting and feeding module 2 is used to perform power distribution on the input low-frequency electromagnetic energy, and output a plurality of electromagnetic waves with equal amplitude and phase; wherein the plurality of electromagnetic waves with equal amplitude and phase are used to symmetrically excite a coaxial horn 32 in the nested horn module 3; the nested horn module 3 comprises a circular waveguide horn 31 and a coaxial horn 32 nested outside the circular waveguide horn 31; wherein the circular waveguide horn 31 is used to respond to the electromagnetic waves in the coaxial TEM mode and excite a TM 01 mode electromagnetic field, and radiates a cone-shaped beam pattern in the far field of the antenna; the coaxial horn 32 is used to respond to a plurality of electromagnetic waves of equal amplitude and phase, stimulate the TEM mode electromagnetic field, and radiate another cone-shaped beam pattern in the far field of the antenna.

[0052] In the present invention, the high-frequency filtering feeding module 1 includes a first flange 11, a filtering unit 12, a waveguide coaxial conversion unit 13 and a coaxial probe 14 whose central axes are located in the same straight line and are connected in sequence; the first flange 11 is used to install a fixed antenna; wherein the first flange 11 is provided with an input waveguide port, and the input waveguide port is used to input high-frequency electromagnetic energy; the filtering unit 12 is used to filter the input high-frequency electromagnetic energy to obtain an electromagnetic wave of a preset frequency after filtering; the waveguide coaxial conversion unit 13 is used to convert the TE in the electromagnetic wave of the preset frequency after filtering into the TE 10 mode electromagnetic waves are converted into coaxial TEM mode electromagnetic waves; one end of the coaxial probe 14 is connected to the output end of the waveguide coaxial conversion unit 13 , and the other end of the coaxial probe 14 is connected to the circular waveguide horn 31 .

[0053] In the present invention, the low-frequency power splitter feeding module 2 includes a feeding waveguide 21, an arc-shaped power splitter waveguide 22, a terminal short-circuit waveguide 23, a waveguide transition structure 24 and a second flange 25; the feeding waveguide 21 is arranged above the arc-shaped power splitter waveguide 22; the feeding waveguide 21 includes a circular waveguide and four rectangular waveguides, and the circular waveguide is arranged concentrically with the arc-shaped power splitter waveguide 22; the four rectangular waveguides are evenly arranged on the outer circumference of the circular waveguide and extend along the radial direction of the circular waveguide and toward one side away from the center direction of the circular waveguide; the surface of the rectangular waveguide portion is provided with A coupling slot 211 is provided near one side of the arc-shaped power-dividing waveguide 22; wherein the rectangular waveguide portion and the arc-shaped power-dividing waveguide 22 are connected via the coupling slot 211; the terminal short-circuit waveguide 23 is provided at the first end of the arc-shaped power-dividing waveguide 22; one end of the waveguide transition structure 24 is connected to the second flange 25, and the other end of the waveguide transition structure 24 is connected to the second end of the arc-shaped power-dividing waveguide 22; wherein an output waveguide port is provided on the second flange 25, and the output waveguide port is used for inputting low-frequency electromagnetic energy.

[0054] In the present invention, the nested horn module 3 is concentrically arranged above the circular waveguide; the circular waveguide horn 31 includes a concentrically connected circular waveguide and a first open circular horn, one end of the circular waveguide extends to the interior of the circular waveguide, and the other end of the first circular waveguide is connected to the first open circular horn; a through hole is provided in the center of the circular waveguide for the coaxial probe 14 to pass through and be connected to the circular waveguide; the coaxial horn 32 includes a concentrically connected coaxial waveguide and a second open horn; wherein, the coaxial waveguide is nested on the outside of the circular waveguide, one end of the coaxial waveguide is connected to the surface of the circular waveguide, and the other end of the coaxial waveguide is connected to the second open horn.

[0055] Production process:

[0056] The manufacturing process of the K / Ka band dual-frequency conical beam antenna of the present invention is as follows:

[0057] According to the design requirements, the antenna substrate is processed by adopting the photo-curing additive manufacturing process; the surface of the antenna substrate is metallized by adopting the chemical copper plating method to obtain the K / Ka band dual-frequency conical beam antenna.

[0058] The K / Ka-band dual-frequency conical beam antenna described in the present invention adopts the light-curing molding process in additive manufacturing technology, and uses chemical copper plating to metallize the antenna surface after light-curing molding. Therefore, the antenna is lightweight and can effectively reduce the mechanical burden of the millimeter-wave frequency band detection system. Compared with the existing CNC mechanical milling method, the processing cost is significantly reduced.

[0059] Working principle:

[0060] The K / Ka band dual-frequency conical beam antenna of the present invention, when in use, high-frequency electromagnetic energy is input through the WR-28 standard waveguide port, and the high-frequency electromagnetic energy excites the TM in the circular waveguide horn after passing through the high-frequency filter feed module. 01 mode, radiating a conical beam pattern in the far field; low-frequency electromagnetic energy is input from the WR-42 standard waveguide port, and the low-frequency electromagnetic energy passes through the waveguide transition structure and the one-to-four power divider, and excites the TEM mode in the external coaxial speaker with equal amplitude and phase, and radiates a conical beam pattern in the far field; the present invention adopts an air-filled all-metal structure, which effectively improves the working efficiency of the antenna and the system power capacity, thereby effectively improving the detection distance; by designing a filtering function in the high-frequency filtering feed module, it can not only reduce the insertion loss caused by the cascade of the antenna and the filter system, but also achieve the purpose of reducing the volume of the millimeter wave frequency band detection system.

[0061] Example

[0062] As attached Figure 1-4 As shown, the present invention provides a K / Ka band dual-frequency conical beam antenna, comprising a high-frequency filtering feed module 1, a low-frequency power splitter feed module 2 and a nested horn module 3 arranged in sequence from top to bottom.

[0063] In this embodiment, the high-frequency filtering and feeding module 1 is used to filter the input high-frequency electromagnetic energy to obtain electromagnetic energy of a preset frequency after filtering, and to perform mode conversion on the electromagnetic energy of the preset frequency after filtering to output a coaxial TEM mode electromagnetic wave; wherein the coaxial TEM mode electromagnetic wave is used to excite the circular waveguide speaker 31 in the nested speaker module 3.

[0064] The high-frequency filter feeding module 1 includes a first flange 11, a filter unit 12, a waveguide coaxial conversion unit 13 and a coaxial probe 14 whose central axes are located in the same straight line and are connected in sequence; the first flange 11 is used to install a fixed antenna; the filter unit 12 is used to filter the input high-frequency electromagnetic energy to obtain an electromagnetic wave of a preset frequency after filtering; the waveguide coaxial conversion unit 13 is used to convert the TE in the electromagnetic wave of the preset frequency after filtering into the TE 10 mode electromagnetic waves are converted into coaxial TEM mode electromagnetic waves; one end of the coaxial probe 14 is connected to the output end of the waveguide coaxial conversion unit 13 , and the other end of the coaxial probe 14 is connected to the circular waveguide horn 31 .

[0065] Specifically, the first flange 11 is provided with an input waveguide port; wherein the input waveguide port is used to input high-frequency electromagnetic energy, and the input waveguide port is a WR-28 standard waveguide port; the filtering unit 12 includes an input coupling structure, a first spherical resonant cavity, an inductive coupling diaphragm, a second spherical resonant cavity and an output coupling structure; one end of the input coupling structure is connected to the first flange 11, and the other end of the input coupling structure is connected to one end of the first spherical resonant cavity; the other end of the first spherical resonant cavity is connected to one end of the inductive coupling diaphragm, the other end of the inductive coupling diaphragm is connected to one end of the second spherical resonant cavity, the other end of the second spherical resonant cavity is connected to one end of the output coupling structure, and the other end of the output coupling structure is connected to the input end of the waveguide coaxial converter unit; the waveguide is coaxial. The conversion unit 13 includes a conversion cavity and an impedance transformation structure; the conversion cavity is arranged between the output end of the filtering unit 12 and the coaxial probe 14; a rectangular cavity is opened at the center of one end of the conversion cavity, and a coaxial mounting hole is opened at the other end of the conversion cavity; the impedance transformation structure is arranged in the rectangular cavity, and the bottom of the impedance transformation structure is connected to the bottom plate of the rectangular cavity; the coaxial probe 14 is concentrically arranged in the coaxial mounting hole, one end of the coaxial probe 14 is connected to the impedance transformation structure, and the other end of the coaxial probe 14 extends to the outside of the coaxial mounting hole; the coaxial probe 14 includes a coaxially arranged cylindrical inner conductor and a cylindrical outer conductor, the cylindrical inner conductor is concentrically arranged on the cylindrical outer conductor, and air is filled between the cylindrical inner conductor and the cylindrical outer conductor.

[0066] In this embodiment, high-frequency electromagnetic energy is input through the WR-28 standard waveguide port; the filtering unit 12 adopts a double-spherical filtering structure, which can achieve filtering selection characteristics; the waveguide coaxial conversion unit 13 can convert the TE of the waveguide 10 The coaxial probe 14 excites the TM of the circular waveguide horn 31 in the nested horn module 3.01 mode electromagnetic field and radiates a conical beam pattern in the far field of the antenna; wherein, a double-sphere filtering structure is designed to make the antenna have high suppression out of band.

[0067] In this embodiment, the low-frequency power splitter feeding module 2 is used to distribute the power of the input low-frequency electromagnetic energy and output four electromagnetic waves with equal amplitude and phase; wherein the four electromagnetic waves with equal amplitude and phase are used to symmetrically excite the coaxial speakers in the nested speaker module 3.

[0068] Specifically, the low-frequency power division feeding module 2 includes a feeding waveguide 21, an arc-shaped power division waveguide 22, a terminal short-circuit waveguide 23, a waveguide transition structure 24 and a second flange 25; the feeding waveguide 21 is arranged above the arc-shaped power division waveguide 22; the feeding waveguide 21 includes a circular waveguide and four rectangular waveguides, and the circular waveguide is arranged concentrically with the arc-shaped power division waveguide 22; a through hole is opened in the center of the circular waveguide, and the through hole is used for the coaxial probe 14 to pass through the through hole; wherein, the extending end of the coaxial probe 14 passes through the through hole and is connected to the circular waveguide speaker 31 in the nested speaker module 3; four rectangular waveguides are evenly arranged on the outer circumference of the circular waveguide, and extend along the radial direction of the circular waveguide and toward one side away from the center direction of the circular waveguide; wherein, the sandwich between two adjacent rectangular waveguides The angle is 90°; a coupling slot 211 is provided on the surface of the rectangular waveguide portion, and the coupling slot 211 is arranged close to one side of the arc power dividing waveguide 22; wherein the rectangular waveguide portion and the arc power dividing waveguide 22 are connected through the coupling slot 211; the terminal short-circuit waveguide 23 is arranged at the first end of the arc power dividing waveguide 22; one end of the waveguide transition structure 24 is connected to the second flange 25, and the other end of the waveguide transition structure 24 is connected to the second end of the arc power dividing waveguide 22; wherein the terminal short-circuit waveguide 23 is an elongated rectangular terminal short-circuit waveguide, the waveguide transition structure 24 is a standard waveguide transition structure, and an output waveguide port is provided on the second flange 25; the output waveguide port is used for low-frequency electromagnetic energy input, and the output waveguide port adopts a WR-42 standard waveguide port.

[0069] In this embodiment, low-frequency electromagnetic energy is input through the WR-42 standard waveguide port, and the arc power splitter waveguide 22 is connected to the rectangular waveguide through a coupling slot 221; the four coupling slots 221 are used to couple the energy within the frequency band to the four rectangular waveguides with equal amplitude and phase; the four rectangular waveguides realize equal amplitude and phase excitation of the TEM mode electromagnetic field of the coaxial speaker 32 in the nested speaker module 3, and radiate a conical beam pattern in the far field of the antenna; wherein, when the four rectangular waveguides excite the coaxial speaker with equal amplitude and phase, the antenna will radiate a conical beam pattern in the far field; by setting an extended terminal short-circuit waveguide 23 and a waveguide transition structure 24, the matching performance of the power splitter feeding structure can be adjusted.

[0070] In this embodiment, the nested speaker module 3 includes a circular waveguide speaker 31 and a coaxial speaker 32. The coaxial speaker 32 is nested outside the circular waveguide speaker 31. The circular waveguide speaker 31 is used to respond to the electromagnetic wave of the coaxial TEM mode and stimulate the TM 01 mode electromagnetic field, and radiates a cone-shaped beam pattern in the far field of the antenna; the coaxial horn 32 is used to respond to a plurality of electromagnetic waves of equal amplitude and phase, stimulate the TEM mode electromagnetic field, and radiate another cone-shaped beam pattern in the far field of the antenna.

[0071] Specifically, the circular waveguide horn 31 includes a concentrically connected circular waveguide and a first open circular horn, one end of the circular waveguide extends to the interior of the circular waveguide, and the other end of the first circular waveguide is connected to the first open circular horn; a through hole is opened in the center of the circular waveguide for the coaxial probe 14 to pass through and be connected to the circular waveguide; the coaxial horn 32 includes a concentrically connected coaxial waveguide and a second open horn; wherein, the coaxial waveguide is nested on the outside of the circular waveguide, one end of the coaxial waveguide is connected to the surface of the circular waveguide, and the other end of the coaxial waveguide is connected to the second open horn; the circular waveguide horn 31 acts as both an open horn for radiating high-frequency electromagnetic waves and an inner conductor of a circular horn for radiating low-frequency electromagnetic waves; the outer wall of the coaxial horn 32 serves as the outer conductor of the coaxial horn.

[0072] As attached Figure 5-6 As shown, attached Figure 5 The simulation results of the low-frequency reflection coefficient of the K / Ka band dual-frequency conical beam antenna are given in the appendix. Figure 6 The simulation results of the high frequency reflection system of the K / Ka band dual-frequency conical beam antenna are given in the figure; Figure 5 It can be seen from the figure that the low-frequency reflection coefficient simulation results of the K / Ka band dual-band conical beam antenna can achieve a return loss better than 10dB in the frequency range of 24.7GHz-24.8GHz; Figure 6It can be seen that the K / Ka band dual-band conical beam antenna can achieve a return loss better than 10 dB in the frequency range of 32.7 GHz to 34.9 GHz; and due to the design of the filtering structure, four resonance poles can be clearly observed in the reflection coefficient curve.

[0073] As attached Figure 7-8 As shown, attached Figure 7 The low frequency isolation simulation results of the K / Ka band dual-band conical beam antenna are given in the appendix. Figure 8 The high frequency isolation simulation results of the K / Ka band dual-frequency conical beam antenna are given in the figure; Figure 7 It can be seen from the figure that the K / Ka band dual-frequency conical beam antenna can achieve an isolation greater than 50dB in the frequency range of 24.4GHz-25.0GHz; Figure 8 It can be seen from the figure that the K / Ka band dual-frequency conical beam antenna can achieve an isolation greater than 35 dB in the frequency range of 24.4 GHz to 25.0 GHz.

[0074] As attached Figure 9 As shown, attached Figure 9 The far-field radiation pattern of the K / Ka band dual-frequency conical beam antenna at 24.7 GHz and φ = 0° is given in Figure 9 It can be seen that the gain of the K / Ka band dual-band conical beam antenna is 9.9 dBi, the beam tilt angle is 21.0°, the 3 dB beam width is 25.8°, the first sidelobe level is -16.5 dB, and the cross-polarization level is -24.9 dB.

[0075] As attached Figure 10 As shown, attached Figure 10 The far-field radiation pattern of the K / Ka band dual-frequency conical beam antenna at 24.7 GHz and φ = 90° is given in Figure 10 It can be seen that the gain of the K / Ka band dual-band conical beam antenna is 8.9 dBi, the beam tilt angle is 22.0°, the 3 dB beam width is 27.0°, the first sidelobe level is -18.5 dB, and the cross-polarization level is -29.4 dB.

[0076] As attached Figure 11 As shown, attached Figure 11 The far-field radiation pattern of the K / Ka band dual-frequency conical beam antenna at 33.0 GHz and φ = 0° is given in the attached figure. Figure 11 It can be seen that the gain of the K / Ka band dual-band conical beam antenna is 7.1 dBi, the beam tilt angle is 35.0°, the 3 dB beam width is 35.0°, the first sidelobe level is -20 dB, and the cross-polarization level is -26.8 dB.

[0077] As attached Figure 12 As shown, attached Figure 12 The far-field radiation pattern of the K / Ka band dual-frequency conical beam antenna at 33.0 GHz and φ = 90° is given in the attached figure. Figure 12 It can be seen that the gain of the K / Ka band dual-band conical beam antenna is 7.1 dBi, the beam tilt angle is 35.0°, the 3 dB beam width is 34.9°, the first sidelobe level is -21.1 dB, and the cross-polarization level is -47.4 dB.

[0078] As attached Figure 13 As shown, attached Figure 13 The low-frequency gain simulation results of the K / Ka band dual-frequency conical beam antenna are given in the figure; Figure 13 It can be seen that within the impedance bandwidth, the maximum gain of the K / Ka band dual-band conical beam antenna is 9.0 dBi, and the gain variation within the operating frequency band is less than 0.5 dB.

[0079] As attached Figure 14 As shown, attached Figure 14 The high frequency gain simulation results of the K / Ka band dual-frequency conical beam antenna are given in the figure; Figure 14 It can be seen that within the impedance bandwidth, the maximum gain of the K / Ka band dual-band conical beam antenna is 7.1 dBi, the gain variation within the operating frequency band is less than 0.3 dB, and the out-of-band gain attenuation exceeds 33 dB / GHz.

[0080] As attached Figure 15 As shown, attached Figure 15 The low frequency efficiency simulation results of the K / Ka band dual-band conical beam antenna are given in the figure; Figure 15 It can be seen from the figure that within the operating frequency band, the total efficiency of the K / Ka band dual-frequency conical beam antenna is above 87%, and the radiation efficiency is above 94%.

[0081] As attached Figure 16 As shown, attached Figure 16 The high frequency efficiency simulation results of the K / Ka band dual-frequency conical beam antenna are given in the figure; Figure 16 It can be seen from the figure that within the operating frequency band, the total efficiency of the K / Ka band dual-frequency conical beam antenna is above 90%, and the radiation efficiency exceeds 95%.

[0082] In this embodiment, the high-frequency filter feeding module is used to obtain the electromagnetic wave of the preset frequency after filtering and excite the TM of the inner layer open speaker nested in the circular waveguide. 01mode electromagnetic field; the low-frequency power splitter feeding module is used to excite the TEM mode electromagnetic field of the circular waveguide coaxial horn with equal amplitude and phase from four symmetrically distributed directions; the circular waveguide nested horn is used to radiate high-frequency and low-frequency electromagnetic field energy, and radiate conical beams with different conical beam directions in the far field of the antenna; the K / Ka band dual-frequency conical beam antenna realizes conical radiation with different directional angles at both high and low frequencies, realizes the radiation characteristics of dual-band dual-conical beams, and is suitable for millimeter wave detection systems.

[0083] The K / Ka band dual-frequency conical beam antenna described in the present invention can achieve the goals of high power capacity, high efficiency and dual-band dual-conical beam of the millimeter wave detection system. It has high power capacity and radiation efficiency, and is characterized by low loss, high efficiency and high power capacity. It also has advantages such as high out-of-band suppression performance in the high frequency band.

[0084] The above embodiment is only one of the implementation methods that can realize the technical solution of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is not limited only to this embodiment, but also includes changes, replacements and other implementation methods that can be easily thought of by any technician familiar with this technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A K / Ka band dual-frequency conical beam antenna, characterized in that: The invention comprises a high-frequency filtering and feeding module (1), a low-frequency power dividing and feeding module (2), and a nested speaker module (3); the nested speaker module (3) comprises a circular waveguide speaker (31) and a coaxial speaker (32) nested outside the circular waveguide speaker (31); The high-frequency filtering and feeding module (1) is used to filter and perform mode conversion on the input high-frequency electromagnetic energy, and output electromagnetic waves in a coaxial TEM mode; wherein the electromagnetic waves in the coaxial TEM mode are used to excite the circular waveguide horn (31); The low-frequency power distribution feeding module (2) is used to distribute the power of the input low-frequency electromagnetic energy and output a plurality of electromagnetic waves with equal amplitude and phase; wherein the plurality of electromagnetic waves with equal amplitude and phase are used to symmetrically excite the coaxial speaker (32); The low-frequency power division feeding module (2) comprises a feeding waveguide (21) and an arc-shaped power division waveguide (22); The feeding waveguide (21) is arranged above the arc-shaped power dividing waveguide (22); The feeding waveguide (21) includes a circular waveguide and four rectangular waveguides, wherein the circular waveguide and the arc-shaped power dividing waveguide (22) are arranged concentrically; the four rectangular waveguides are evenly arranged on the outer circumference of the circular waveguide and extend in a radial direction of the circular waveguide and toward a side away from the center of the circular waveguide; A coupling slot (211) is provided on the surface of the rectangular waveguide, and the coupling slot (211) is arranged close to one side of the arc-shaped power splitting waveguide (22); the rectangular waveguide and the arc-shaped power splitting waveguide (22) are connected via the coupling slot (211); The nested speaker module (3) is concentrically arranged above the circular waveguide.

2. The K / Ka band dual-frequency conical beam antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-frequency filtering and feeding module (1) comprises a filtering unit (12), a waveguide coaxial conversion unit (13), and a coaxial probe (14), the central axes of which are located on the same straight line and are connected in sequence; The filtering unit (12) is used to filter the input high-frequency electromagnetic energy to obtain electromagnetic waves of a preset frequency after filtering; The waveguide coaxial conversion unit (13) is used to convert the TE 10 The mode electromagnetic wave is converted into the coaxial TEM mode electromagnetic wave; One end of the coaxial probe (14) is connected to the output end of the waveguide coaxial conversion unit (13), and the other end of the coaxial probe (14) is connected to the circular waveguide horn (31).

3. The K / Ka band dual-frequency conical beam antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low-frequency power division feeding module (2) further comprises a terminal short-circuit waveguide (23), wherein the terminal short-circuit waveguide (23) is arranged at the first end of the arc-shaped power division waveguide (22).

4. The K / Ka band dual-frequency conical beam antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low-frequency power splitting feeding module (2) further comprises a waveguide transition structure (24) and a second flange (25); one end of the waveguide transition structure (24) is connected to the second flange (25), and the other end of the waveguide transition structure (24) is connected to the second end of the arc-shaped power splitting waveguide (22).

5. The K / Ka band dual-frequency conical beam antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circular waveguide horn (31) comprises a concentrically connected circular waveguide and a first open circular horn; wherein one end of the circular waveguide extends to the interior of the circular waveguide, and the other end of the circular waveguide is connected to the first open circular horn.

6. The K / Ka band dual-frequency conical beam antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coaxial horn (32) comprises a coaxial waveguide and a second open horn that are concentrically connected; wherein the coaxial waveguide is nested outside the circular waveguide, one end of the coaxial waveguide is connected to the surface of the circular waveguide, and the other end of the coaxial waveguide is connected to the second open horn.

7. The K / Ka band dual-frequency conical beam antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circular waveguide horn (31) serves as both an open horn for radiating high-frequency electromagnetic waves and an inner conductor of a coaxial horn for radiating low-frequency electromagnetic waves; the outer wall of the coaxial horn (32) serves as an outer conductor of the coaxial horn.

8. The K / Ka band dual-frequency conical beam antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-frequency electromagnetic energy is input through a WR-28 standard waveguide port, and the low-frequency electromagnetic energy is input through a WR-42 standard waveguide port.

9. The K / Ka band dual-frequency conical beam antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The manufacturing process of the K / Ka band dual-band conical beam antenna is as follows: According to the design requirements, the antenna substrate is processed using the photo-curing additive manufacturing process; The antenna substrate is subjected to surface metallization treatment by adopting a chemical copper plating method to obtain the K / Ka band dual-frequency conical beam antenna.

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