A method and apparatus for diversity communication

Abstract

This application provides a method and apparatus for diversity communication, proposing a diversity transmission scheme. A first device maps multiple modulation symbols corresponding to a transport block to multiple antenna ports; in each mapping, multiple consecutive modulation symbols are mapped to one antenna port. Then, the first device maps the modulation symbols on each antenna port to the corresponding frequency domain resources of the antenna port, with the frequency domain resources corresponding to different antenna ports not overlapping. Since the frequency domain resources corresponding to different antenna ports do not overlap, meaning a transport block is transmitted on different channels, this transport block achieves the purpose of diversity transmission. Furthermore, when mapping modulation symbols to antenna ports, multiple consecutive modulation symbols are mapped at a time. This mapping method can maintain the phase difference between the multiple consecutive modulation symbols, allowing the communication system to maintain a low peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and in particular to a method and apparatus for diversity communication. Background Technology

[0002] In mobile communication systems, multipath fading occurs in the signals transmitted between terminals and base stations, leading to poor signal quality or even no signal reception at the receiving end. For example, terminals often operate in urban building complexes or other complex geographical environments, and their speed and direction of movement are arbitrary. Signals emitted by the transmitting end (which can be either the terminal or the base station) often result in a superposition of multiple signals with different amplitudes and phases reaching the receiving end after propagation paths such as reflection and scattering. This causes random fluctuations in the received signal amplitude, resulting in multipath fading. Furthermore, when the signal is obstructed by tall buildings (e.g., when the terminal moves to a building away from the base station) or by undulating terrain, the received signal amplitude decreases. Additionally, changes in weather conditions also affect signal propagation, causing variations in the amplitude and phase of the received signal. All of these factors negatively impact mobile communication.

[0003] To improve the performance of mobile communication systems, diversity techniques can be used to enhance the quality of received signals. Diversity techniques utilize multiple paths to transmit signals, each carrying the same information and possessing approximately equal average signal strength and independent fading characteristics. Upon receiving these signals, the receiver can appropriately combine them to significantly reduce the impact of multipath fading, thereby improving transmission reliability.

[0004] Therefore, how to perform diversity transmission is a technical problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a diversity communication method for proposing a diversity transmission scheme.

[0006] In a first aspect, a diversity communication method is provided. A first device maps multiple modulation symbols to multiple antenna ports; in each mapping, multiple consecutive modulation symbols are mapped to one antenna port; the multiple modulation symbols are generated based on a transport block. Then, the first device performs the following processing on the modulation symbols on each antenna port: mapping the multiple modulation symbols to frequency domain resources, wherein the frequency domain resources are the frequency domain resources corresponding to different antenna ports, and the frequency domain resources corresponding to different antenna ports do not overlap.

[0007] In this embodiment, a transport block is transmitted on different antenna ports, and the frequency domain resources corresponding to different antenna ports do not overlap. That is, a transport block is transmitted on different channels, so this transport block achieves the purpose of diversity transmission. Furthermore, when mapping modulation symbols to antenna ports, multiple consecutive modulation symbols are mapped at a time. This mapping method can maintain the phase difference between the multiple consecutive modulation symbols without destroying them, so that the communication system can maintain a low peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR).

[0008] In one possible implementation, in each mapping, an even number of consecutive modulation symbols are mapped to one antenna port. For example, when the plurality of antenna ports includes a first antenna port and a second antenna port, two consecutive modulation symbols are mapped to one antenna port; specifically, the following formula can be used to map multiple modulation symbols to multiple antenna ports:

[0009] x (0) (i)=d (0) (4i);

[0010] x (0) (i+1)=d (0) (4i+1);

[0011] X (1) (i)=d (0) (4i+2);

[0012] x (1) (i+1)=d (0) (4i+3);

[0013] Where, x (0) For the first antenna port, x (1) For the second antenna port, d (0) The symbols represent modulation symbols. i, 4i, 4i+1, 4i+2, and 4i+3 are the numbers of the modulation symbols, where i is an integer greater than or equal to 0.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the first device may modulate multiple bits of a transport block after encoding them before mapping multiple modulation symbols to multiple antenna ports, thereby obtaining multiple modulation symbols.

[0015] In one possible implementation, before mapping the multiple modulation symbols corresponding to each antenna port to the frequency domain resources corresponding to that antenna port, the first device may first perform a discrete Fourier transformation (DFT) on the multiple modulation symbols corresponding to each antenna port. If the DFT is not performed, the final result is an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) signal; if the DFT is performed, the final result is a Discrete Fourier Transform Extended Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (DFT-s-OFDM) signal.

[0016] Secondly, a diversity communication method is provided. A first device processes a transport block to generate multiple codewords. Different codewords correspond to different antenna ports, and the frequency domain resources corresponding to different antenna ports do not overlap. Then, the first device performs the following processing on each codeword: modulates the bits in the codeword to obtain multiple modulation symbols, and maps the multiple modulation symbols to frequency domain resources, where the frequency domain resources are those corresponding to the antenna ports.

[0017] In this embodiment, different codewords generated by a transport block are transmitted on different antenna ports. The frequency domain resources corresponding to the different antenna ports do not overlap, and the different codewords experience different channels. That is, a transport block is transmitted on different channels, so this transport block achieves the purpose of diversity transmission. In addition, since each codeword can be decoded independently, even if one antenna of the receiving end experiences severe fading (e.g., is blocked), the receiving end can still recover the transport block of the first device through the data received by other antennas.

[0018] In one possible implementation, a codeword is a redundant version of the transport block. Different codewords can be the same redundant version of the same transport block or different redundant versions. The combined receive gain of different redundant versions is greater than the combined receive gain of the same version.

[0019] In one possible implementation, the first device may perform a Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) on the plurality of modulation symbols before mapping them onto frequency domain resources. If the DFT is not performed, the final result is an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) signal; if the DFT is performed, the final result is a Discrete Fourier Transform Extended Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (DFT-s-OFDM) signal.

[0020] Any of the possible implementations described below can be applied to either the first aspect or the second aspect.

[0021] In one possible implementation, the frequency domain resources corresponding to each antenna port are discontinuous; or, the frequency domain resources corresponding to each antenna port are continuous.

[0022] In one possible implementation, when the frequency domain resources corresponding to each antenna port are discontinuous, it includes any of the following: the frequency domain resources include multiple resource elements (REs), and the multiple resource elements REs are discontinuous; REs in this application can also be replaced with subcarriers.

[0023] The frequency domain resources include multiple precoding resource block groups (PRGs), which are non-contiguous; the frequency domain resources also include multiple physical resource blocks (PRBs), which are non-contiguous.

[0024] In one possible implementation, the discontinuous (spaced) portions are frequency domain resources of another antenna port.

[0025] In one possible implementation, the first device may also receive a first indication, which indicates a mapping method for mapping multiple modulation symbols to frequency domain resources. For example, when four mapping methods are included, the first indication may use 2 bits to display the mapping method, with 00, 01, 10, and 11 representing the four different mapping methods.

[0026] In one possible implementation, the first device may also receive one or more demodulation reference signal (DMRS) port identifiers.

[0027] In one possible implementation, when multiple DMRS port identifiers are received, the frequency domain resources include multiple discontinuous resource elements (REs, subcarriers); it can also be understood that the mapping method adopted by the first device in mapping multiple modulation symbols to the frequency domain resources of the antenna port is to map multiple modulation symbols to multiple discontinuous REs or subcarriers.

[0028] Alternatively, upon receiving a DMRS port identifier, the frequency domain resources corresponding to each antenna port are continuous; or, the frequency domain resources include multiple discontinuous precoding resource block groups (PRGs); or, the frequency domain resources include multiple discontinuous physical resource blocks (PRBs); it can also be understood that the mapping method adopted by the first device to map multiple modulation symbols to the frequency domain resources of the antenna ports is: mapping multiple modulation symbols to continuous frequency domain resources corresponding to the antenna ports; or, mapping multiple modulation symbols to multiple discontinuous PRGs; or, mapping multiple modulation symbols to multiple discontinuous PRBs.

[0029] In one possible implementation, the first device may also receive information about one or more sub-bands, which is used to determine the frequency domain resources corresponding to the antenna port. This sub-band information may be used to indicate the frequency domain location of the sub-band or to indicate the bandwidth of the sub-band.

[0030] In one possible implementation, when sub-band information is received, the frequency domain resources corresponding to each antenna port are continuous. This can also be understood as the first device mapping multiple modulation symbols to the frequency domain resources of the antenna ports using a mapping method that maps the multiple modulation symbols to continuous frequency domain resources corresponding to the antenna ports. Alternatively, it can be described as the first device using a sub-band mapping method to map the multiple modulation symbols to frequency domain resources. Even if the first device only receives information from one sub-band, it can deduce the frequency domain positions of other sub-bands according to certain rules.

[0031] In one possible implementation, the first device can also process the frequency domain signal after the frequency domain resource is mapped to obtain an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signal or a discrete Fourier transform extended orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-s-OFDM) signal, and transmit the OFDM signal or DFT-s-OFDM signal on the corresponding antenna port.

[0032] Thirdly, a communication device is provided, which has the functions of implementing the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof, or implementing the second aspect and any possible implementation thereof. These functions can be implemented by hardware or by hardware executing corresponding software. The hardware or software includes one or more functional modules corresponding to the above-described functions.

[0033] Fourthly, a communication device is provided, comprising a processor and a memory; the memory is used to store computer program instructions; the processor is used to execute some or all of the computer program instructions in the memory, wherein when the some or all of the computer program instructions are executed, the processor is used to implement the function of the first device in the first aspect and any possible implementation of the first aspect, or to implement the function of the first device in the second aspect and any possible implementation of the second aspect.

[0034] In one possible implementation, the apparatus may further include a transceiver for transmitting signals processed by the processor or receiving signals input to the processor. The transceiver may perform the transmitting or receiving actions performed by the first device in the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof; or, it may perform the transmitting or receiving actions performed by the first device in the second aspect and any possible implementation thereof.

[0035] Fifthly, this application provides a chip system including one or more processors (also referred to as processing circuits), wherein the processors are electrically coupled to a memory (also referred to as a storage medium); the memory may or may not be located in the chip system; the memory is used to store computer program instructions; the processor is used to execute some or all of the computer program instructions in the memory, wherein when the some or all of the computer program instructions are executed, they are used to implement the function of the first device in the first aspect and any possible implementation of the first aspect, or to implement the function of the first device in the second aspect and any possible implementation of the second aspect.

[0036] In one possible implementation, the chip system may further include an input / output interface for outputting signals processed by the processor or receiving signals input to the processor. The input / output interface may perform a transmitting or receiving action performed by the first device in the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof; or, it may perform a transmitting or receiving action performed by the first device in the second aspect and any possible implementation thereof.

[0037] In one possible implementation, the chip system may consist of chips or include chips and other discrete devices.

[0038] In a sixth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided for storing a computer program, the computer program including instructions for implementing the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof, or instructions for implementing the second aspect and any possible implementation thereof.

[0039] Alternatively, a computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program, which, when executed by a computer, causes the computer to perform the method executed by the first device in the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof, or to perform the method executed by the first device in the second aspect and any possible implementation thereof.

[0040] In a seventh aspect, a computer program product is provided, the computer program product comprising: computer program code, which, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform the method executed by a first device in the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof, or to perform the method executed by a first device in the second aspect and any possible implementation thereof.

[0041] The technical effects of the third to seventh aspects mentioned above can be referred to the descriptions in the first and second aspects, and the repeated parts will not be repeated. Attached Figure Description

[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a communication system according to an embodiment of this application;

[0043] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a short-delay cyclic delay diversity (SD-CDD) diversity communication process in an embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a diversity communication process in an embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 4a and Figure 4b These are schematic diagrams illustrating an antenna port mapping in an embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 5a This is a schematic diagram of a RE comb mapping method in an embodiment of this application;

[0047] Figure 5b This is a schematic diagram of a precoded resource block group (PRG) / physical resource block (PRB) interleaving mapping method in an embodiment of this application;

[0048] Figure 5c This is a schematic diagram of a sub-band mapping method in an embodiment of this application;

[0049] Figure 5d This is a schematic diagram of a time-frequency resource grid after RE comb mapping in an embodiment of this application;

[0050] Figure 5e This is a schematic diagram of a time-frequency resource grid after sub-band mapping in an embodiment of this application;

[0051] Figure 5fThis is a schematic diagram illustrating whether the frequency domain ranges of two sub-bands are continuous or discontinuous in an embodiment of this application;

[0052] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a diversity communication process in an embodiment of this application;

[0053] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a diversity communication process in an embodiment of this application;

[0054] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the mapping relationship between frequency domain ports and time domain resources in an embodiment of this application;

[0055] Figure 9 This is a structural diagram of a diversity communication device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0056] Figure 10 This is a structural diagram of a diversity communication device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0057] Figure 11 This is a device structure diagram of a terminal according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0058] The embodiments of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0059] To facilitate understanding of the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the system architecture of the diversity communication method provided in the embodiments of this application will be briefly described below. It is understood that the system architecture described in the embodiments of this application is for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application and does not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0060] The technical solutions of this application can be applied to various communication systems, such as: wireless local area network (WLAN) communication systems, long term evolution (LTE) systems, LTE frequency division duplex (FDD) systems, LTE time division duplex (TDD) systems, universal mobile telecommunication system (UMTS), worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) communication systems, 5th generation (5G) systems or new radio (NR) systems, and future communication systems, etc.

[0061] To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of this application, the application scenarios of this application will be introduced below. The network architecture and business scenarios described in the embodiments of this application are for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this application. As those skilled in the art will know, with the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0062] like Figure 1 The illustrated communication system includes network devices and terminals, and the network devices and terminals can communicate wirelessly using air interface resources. Air interface resources may include one or more of time-domain resources, frequency-domain resources, code-domain resources, and spatial-domain resources. Furthermore, this application can also be applied to communication systems between terminals or between network devices.

[0063] To improve the performance of mobile communication systems, diversity techniques can be used to improve the quality of received signals. For example... Figure 2 The diagram illustrates a process for small delay-cyclic delay diversity (SD-CDD) diversity communication, which includes the following steps:

[0064] Step 201: Modulate the coded bits of the transport block to obtain multiple modulated symbols, which can be called modulation symbols or complex symbols.

[0065] Step 202: Perform a Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) on multiple modulation symbols. The DFT operation can also be called transform domain precoding. This step 202 is optional. If the DFT is not performed, the final result is an OFDM signal; if the DFT is performed, the final result is a DFT-s-OFDM signal. Each symbol after the DFT can be called a sample, or a complex sample, or a complex symbol, etc.

[0066] Step 203: Precoding the symbols after DFT. This precoding can be either non-codebook transmission precoding or codebook transmission precoding.

[0067] Step 204: Map the precoded symbols to the two antenna ports, with the same symbols mapped to both antenna ports. SD-CDD operates on one of the antennas, typically through frequency-domain weighting equivalents that cause a time-domain (cyclic) shift. Figure 2The example uses two antenna ports. In practical applications, there may be more antenna ports, such as four or eight. Optionally, the symbol obtained in step 202 can be directly mapped to multiple antenna ports without going through the precoding in step 203, so step 203 is optional.

[0068] Step 205: Map the symbols on each antenna port to the corresponding frequency domain resources for that antenna port; this is called subcarrier mapping. Note that the frequency domain resources corresponding to the two antenna ports are the same.

[0069] Step 206: Perform inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) and add a cyclic prefix (CP) to the frequency domain signal after frequency domain resource mapping to obtain a DFT-s-OFDM signal or an OFDM signal. Then, the DFT-s-OFDM signal or OFDM signal can be transmitted at the corresponding antenna port.

[0070] In this SD-CDD diversity communication scheme, the two signals are identical, even though in step 204 the two signals are sent out one after the other through SD-CDD operation. However, the time domain resources occupied by these two signals are still the same. The difference in their order is not due to different time domain resources, but rather to different sampling points.

[0071] The principle of SD-CDD for diversity acquisition is to increase the frequency selectivity of the channel by transmitting signals at different times through multiple antenna ports, thereby enabling the receiver to obtain a greater frequency domain diversity gain. In other words, SD-CDD converts antenna diversity into frequency domain diversity. However, SD-CDD technology also has some drawbacks. For example, the performance gain depends on channel conditions; when the channel itself has strong frequency selectivity, the gain obtained by SD-CDD is relatively small. Another example is the relatively small gain obtained under DFT-s-OFDM waveforms. Furthermore, with small bandwidths, the space for cyclic shifting is limited, making it difficult to obtain gain. Finally, SD-CDD increases the channel delay spread, leading to a deterioration in channel estimation performance.

[0072] Based on this, this application proposes several diversity communication schemes. The proposed diversity schemes can obtain transmit antenna port diversity gain under both OFDM and DFT-s-OFDM waveforms, and are less affected by factors such as channel conditions and bandwidth. They can provide stable diversity gains in various application scenarios.

[0073] To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of this application, some terms used in the embodiments of this application are explained below, so that those skilled in the art can understand them.

[0074] 1) Network equipment, which includes devices or chips that can be configured to provide random access functionality for terminal devices. This equipment includes, but is not limited to: evolved Node B (eNB), radio network controller (RNC), Node B (NB), base station controller (BSC), base transceiver station (BTS), home base station (e.g., home evolved Node B, or home Node B, HNB), baseband unit (BBU), access point (AP), wireless relay node, wireless backhaul node, transmission and reception point (TRP or transmission point, TP) in a Wi-Fi system, and can also be a gNB in ​​a 5G, such as NR system, or a transmission point (TRP or TP), one or a group of antenna panels (including multiple antenna panels) of a base station in a 5G system, or a network node constituting a gNB or transmission point, such as a baseband unit (BBU) or a distributed unit (DU). (unit), etc.

[0075] 2) Terminal equipment, also known as user equipment (UE), mobile station (MS), mobile terminal (MT), or terminal, is a device that provides voice and / or data connectivity to users. For example, terminal equipment includes handheld devices with wireless connectivity and in-vehicle devices. Currently, terminal equipment can be: mobile phones, tablets, laptops, PDAs, mobile internet devices (MID), wearable devices, virtual reality (VR) devices, augmented reality (AR) devices, wireless terminals in industrial control, wireless terminals in self-driving, wireless terminals in remote medical surgery, wireless terminals in smart grids, wireless terminals in transportation safety, wireless terminals in smart cities, or wireless terminals in smart homes, or wireless terminals with vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) connectivity, etc.

[0076] 3) Diversity techniques utilize multiple signal paths to transmit information. At the receiving end, these signals are appropriately combined to significantly reduce the impact of multipath fading, thereby improving transmission reliability. These multiple signal paths share the characteristics of transmitting the same information, having approximately equal average signal strength, and experiencing independent fading. Simply put, if one path experiences deep fading, while another relatively independent path may still contain a strong signal, two or more signals can be selected and combined. This improves the instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and average SNR at the receiving end.

[0077] 4) Antenna port: An antenna is a device that can effectively radiate electromagnetic waves in a specific direction in space or effectively receive electromagnetic waves from a specific direction in space.

[0078] In 3GPP protocols 36.211 (LTE) and 38.211 (NR), an antenna port is defined as follows: the channel experienced by an antenna port transmitting a symbol can be derived from the channel experienced by another symbol propagated by the same antenna.

[0079] In 3GPP, antenna ports can also be referred to as logical antenna ports. There are several possible implementations for the correspondence between antenna ports and physical antennas:

[0080] One possibility is that the number of antenna ports is equal to the number of physical antennas and corresponds one-to-one;

[0081] One possibility is that the number of antenna ports is equal to the number of physical antennas, but not in a one-to-one correspondence. For example, the antenna port signals are pre-coded and then mapped to the physical antennas.

[0082] One possibility is that the number of antenna ports is less than the number of physical antennas. For example, one antenna port may correspond to an array of multiple physical antennas.

[0083] The antenna ports mentioned in this application are similar to those defined in the 3GPP protocol and can be considered a method of channel identification. The antenna ports in this application can be physical antenna ports or logical antenna ports. In this application, when the antenna port is a logical antenna port, one logical antenna port corresponds to one or more physical antenna ports, and different logical antenna ports correspond to different physical antenna ports, allowing for overlap between the physical antenna ports corresponding to different logical antenna ports.

[0084] 5) Redundancy Version (RV): To support hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) based on incremental redundancy (IR), LTE and NR support a redundancy version mechanism. To understand redundancy versions, the channel coding process of NR is first introduced: The UE or base station generates a transport block (TB) to be transmitted, which contains several bits to be transmitted. The transmitter first performs CRC addition on the TB, followed by code block segmentation and code block-level CRC addition; then, the transmitter performs LDPC encoding on each code block (in LTE, the transmitter performs turbo encoding; in other communication systems, the transmitter can also use polar encoding or other encoding methods); after LDPC encoding, the transmitter performs rate matching based on the redundancy version ID (rv_id) to generate different redundancy versions of the coding block. Different redundancy versions of the same TB or CB have different contents, but all contain the information of the original TB or CB. Redundant versions can be called redundant versions of TB, redundant versions of CB, or redundant versions of codewords (CW). Multiple CBs, after rate matching, are concatenated into a complete block of bits to be transmitted. For uplink transmission, the data block to be transmitted may be multiplexed with uplink control information before transmission. In a single transmission, the transmitter typically transmits one redundant version of the TB or CB. If the receiver fails to decode it successfully, the transmitter can retransmit another redundant version of the TB or CB. The receiver, after acquiring multiple redundant versions of a TB or CB, can merge and decode them. Repeated transmission of the same redundant version can yield power gain, while repeated transmission of different redundant versions can yield both power gain and additional coding gain, improving retransmission performance. In NR, the redundant version used in each transmission is indicated by the base station to the UE, and the UE performs coding rate matching or decoding rate matching based on the redundant version ID.

[0085] 6) Peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR):

[0086] Wireless signals exhibit constantly changing amplitude when observed in the time domain, therefore their instantaneous transmit power is not constant. Peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR), or simply peak-to-average power ratio, refers to the ratio of the peak power to the average power of a continuous signal within a given symbol. It can be expressed by the following formula:

[0087] Where Xi represents the time-domain discrete values ​​of a set of sequences; max(Xi2) represents the maximum value of the square of the time-domain discrete values; and mean(Xi2) represents the average value of the square of the time-domain discrete values.

[0088] An OFDM symbol is composed of multiple independently modulated subcarrier signals superimposed. When the phases of the subcarriers are the same or close, the superimposed signal will be modulated by the same initial phase signal, resulting in a large instantaneous power peak. This leads to a high PAPR (Power Approximation Reduction Rate). A high PAPR will cause nonlinear distortion of the signal, resulting in significant spectral spread interference and in-band signal distortion, thus degrading system performance.

[0089] 7) The layer mapping method for MIMO transmission in existing communication systems is shown in Table 1. x represents the layer, the superscript of x is the layer index, and the superscript of d represents the codeword number. (0) The codeword represents the modulation symbol. i, 2i, 2i+1, 3i, 3i+1, 3i+2, etc., are the symbol numbers, where i is an integer greater than or equal to 0. A codeword can be viewed as a set of bits, for example, containing 2400 bits. M represents the number of symbols in each layer.

[0090] Table 1: Codeword-to-layer mapping for spatial multiplexing.

[0091]

[0092] The solution will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Features or contents marked with dashed lines in the drawings can be understood as optional operations or optional structures in the embodiments of this application.

[0093] like Figure 3 The diagram illustrates a diversity communication process, using the example of a first device sending data to a second device. In one example, the first device is a terminal and the second device is a network device; in another example, both the first and second devices are network devices; and in yet another example, both the first and second devices are terminals.

[0094] Figure 3 Includes the following steps:

[0095] Step 301: The first device modulates the coded bits of the transport block (TB) after encoding and other processing to obtain multiple modulation symbols. The modulation symbols can also be called complex symbols.

[0096] When the first device sends data to the second device, the first device can perform operations such as adding cyclic redundancy check (CRC), channel coding, code block segmentation, rate matching, data control multiplexing, and scrambling on the transport block to obtain multiple encoded bits. Then, the encoded bits are modulated, i.e., constellation mapping, to obtain multiple modulation symbols.

[0097] Table 2 below introduces several modulation methods supported by this application.

[0098] Table 2: Supported modulation schemes.

[0099]

[0100] In Table 2 above, "Transform precoding disabled" corresponds to OFDM signals, and "Transform precoding enabled" corresponds to DFT-s-OFDM signals. Besides the modulation schemes described in Table 2, this application can also support other modulation schemes, such as BPSK, pi / 4-QPSK, 1024QAM, OQAM, APSK, etc. This application does not limit the modulation scheme.

[0101] Step 302: The first device maps multiple modulation symbols to multiple antenna ports. This can also be understood as dividing the multiple modulation symbols into multiple groups (multi-channel) modulation symbols, with each group (channel) corresponding to one antenna port.

[0102] In this application, the number of antenna ports can be two, three, four, or even more. The antenna ports in this application can be physical antenna ports or logical antenna ports. When an antenna port is a logical antenna port, one logical antenna port corresponds to one or more physical antenna ports, and different logical antenna ports correspond to different physical antenna ports, allowing for overlap between the physical antenna ports corresponding to different logical antenna ports. Signals transmitted from different antenna ports experience different channels.

[0103] For example, if the total number of modulation symbols to be transmitted (i.e., the modulation symbols obtained in step 301) is 1200, and these are mapped to two antenna ports, namely the first antenna port and the second antenna port, then 600 of the symbols can be mapped to the first antenna port, and the remaining 600 symbols can be mapped to the second antenna port. It should be understood that different antenna ports can map the same number of modulation symbols, or they can map different numbers of modulation symbols.

[0104] In one example, a modulation symbol can be mapped to an antenna port in each mapping. This embodiment only considers a single codeword scenario.

[0105] When the number of antenna ports in this application is 2, the modulation symbol mapping method of the antenna ports is as follows:

[0106] x (0) (i)=d (0) (2i)

[0107] x (1) (i)=d (0) (2i+1);

[0108] When the number of antenna ports in this application is 3, the modulation symbol mapping method of the antenna ports is as follows:

[0109] x (0) (i)=d (0) (3i)

[0110] x (1) (i)=d (0) (3i+1);

[0111] x (2) (i)=d (0) (3i+2)

[0112] When the number of antenna ports in this application is 4, the modulation symbol mapping method of the antenna ports is as follows:

[0113] x (0) (i)=d (0) (4i)

[0114] x (1) (i)=d (0) (4i+1)

[0115] x (2) (i)=d (0) (4i+2)

[0116] x (3) (i)=d (0) (4i+3)

[0117] In the above, 'x' represents the antenna port, the superscript of 'x' indicates the antenna port index, and the superscript of 'd' indicates the codeword number. (0) The symbols represent modulation symbols. i, 2i, 2i+1, 3i, 3i+1, 3i+2, 4i, 4i+1, 4i+2, and 4i+3 are the numbers of the modulation symbols, where i is an integer greater than or equal to 0.

[0118] The antenna port mapping described above is similar to the layer mapping in MIMO transmission. In the prior art, after layer mapping, antenna port mapping is also required. A symbol of a layer can be mapped to one or more antenna ports, and the frequency domain resources of multiple antenna ports are the same.

[0119] like Figure 4a As shown, a method for mapping modulation symbols to two antenna ports is provided. Specifically, in each mapping, one modulation symbol can be mapped to one antenna port, that is, the modulation symbols are alternately mapped to different antenna ports. Taking 10 modulation symbols as an example, one antenna port 0 is mapped to modulation symbols numbered 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8, and the other antenna port 1 is mapped to modulation symbols numbered 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9.

[0120] In another example, multiple consecutive modulation symbols can be mapped to a single antenna port in each mapping.

[0121] For the pi / 2-BPSK modulation of DFT-s-OFDM waveforms, the phase difference between pi / 2-BPSK symbols is always pi / 2 or -pi / 2, which can achieve low PAPR. If an alternating mapping method using a single modulation symbol is employed (e.g....), Figure 4a As shown, if the phase difference is always pi / 2 or -pi / 2, the characteristic is disrupted, and the phase difference between consecutive modulation symbols becomes pi or -pi, which will severely degrade the PAPR of the transmitted signal. To ensure compatibility with pi / 2-BPSK modulation, an even number of consecutive modulation symbols can be mapped to one antenna port in each mapping. This even number can be half the number of modulation symbols within an OFDM symbol (or DFT-s-OFDM symbol), half the total number of modulation symbols transmitted in a single PUSCH channel, etc. For example, it could be 2, 4, 8, etc.

[0122] Of course, an odd number of consecutive modulation symbols can also be mapped to an antenna port. Here, an odd number could be, for example, 3, 5, 7, etc.

[0123] The following example uses two antenna ports, and describes how two consecutive modulation symbols are mapped to one antenna port in each mapping. In this method, the number of codewords remains 1. Specifically, the following formula can be used to map multiple modulation symbols to multiple antenna ports: This can also be understood as mapping multiple modulation symbols into multiple channels or groups of modulation symbols, with each channel or group corresponding to one antenna port.

[0124] x (0) (i)=d (0) (4i);

[0125] x (0) (i+1)=d (0) (4i+1);

[0126] X (1) (i)=d (0) (4i+2);

[0127] x (1) (i+1)=d (0) (4i+3);

[0128] Where, x (0) For the first antenna port, x (1) For the second antenna port, d (0) The symbols represent modulation symbols. i, 4i, 4i+1, 4i+2, and 4i+3 are the numbers of the modulation symbols, where i is an integer greater than or equal to 0.

[0129] like Figure 4b As shown, a method for mapping modulation symbols to two antenna ports is provided. Specifically, in each mapping, two consecutive modulation symbols can be mapped to one antenna port, that is, modulation symbols are mapped alternately to different antenna ports in groups of two. Taking 10 modulation symbols as an example, one antenna port, port0, maps modulation symbols numbered 0, 1, 4, 5, 8, and 9, while the other antenna port, port1, maps modulation symbols numbered 2, 3, 6, and 7.

[0130] The two antenna ports described above can also be replaced with layers, as detailed in Table 3.

[0131] Table 3

[0132]

[0133] While the mapping of an even number of consecutive symbols is primarily intended to maintain the low PAPR of pi / 2-BPSK, for the sake of simplicity, this mapping method can also be applied to other modulation schemes of DFT-s-OFDM waveforms, or to the modulation of OFDM signals. In this application, the modulation scheme and the method of mapping modulation symbols to the antenna port are not limited. Table 4 below only shows combinations of various modulation symbol mapping methods that can maintain relatively good communication performance.

[0134] Table 4

[0135]

[0136] In another possible implementation, to maintain the low PAPR characteristics of pi / 2-BPSK, the transmitter (first device) employs an enhanced pi / 2-BPSK modulation. Specifically, with M antenna ports, the pi / 2-BPSK modulation symbols remain in phase within the M symbols, while a pi / 2 phase shift is applied between the M symbols. In this way, the antenna port mapping can reuse existing layer mappings, i.e., mapping each modulation symbol to different antenna ports or layers, and the phase shift characteristics of pi / 2-BPSK are preserved at each antenna port.

[0137] The existing pi / 2-BPSK modulation formula is:

[0138] The enhanced pi / 2-BPSK modulation formula proposed in this application can be:

[0139] Formula 1; or;

[0140] Formula 2;

[0141] Where M is the number of antennas (or layers), M is an integer greater than or equal to 2, b represents the bit sequence, taking the value 0 or 1, d is the signal modulated by pi / 2 BPSK, and i is numbered starting from 0, i is an integer greater than or equal to 0. This indicates rounding down i / M, where j is the imaginary part, and j*j = -1.

[0142] In a specific example, M is 2, meaning the above formula applies to the mapping of two transmit ports, or in other words, to perform a two-layer mapping.

[0143] In another specific example, M is 4, meaning the above formula applies to the mapping of four transmit ports, or in other words, to perform a four-layer mapping.

[0144] If we interpret ((1-2b(i))+j(1-2b(i))) / sqrt(2) as a BPSK sequence, then we can see from the above formula that:

[0145] When i = 0, 1, ..., M-1, the phase shift of the pi / 2 BPSK sequence relative to the BPSK sequence is 0;

[0146] When i = M, M+1, ..., 2M-1, the phase shift of the pi / 2 BPSK sequence relative to the BPSK sequence is pi / 2.

[0147] The following section will introduce the phase shift of pi / 2 in units of M:

[0148] When M is 2, in Formula 1, i = 0 to i = 15 respectively correspond to The sequence is: 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1; that is, the phase shifts relative to the BPSK sequence are 0, 0, pi / 2, pi / 2, 0, 0, pi / 2, pi / 2, 0, 0, pi / 2, pi / 2, 0, 0, pi / 2, pi / 2.

[0149] When M is 4, in Formula 1, i = 0 to i = 15 respectively correspond to The sequence is: 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1; that is, the phase shifts relative to the BPSK sequence are 0, 0, 0, 0, pi / 2, pi / 2, pi / 2, pi / 2, 0, 0, 0, pi / 2, pi / 2, pi / 2, pi / 2.

[0150] When M is 2, in Formula 2, i = 0 to i = 15 respectively correspond to The sequence is: 0, 0, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 0, 0, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3; that is, the phase shifts relative to the BPSK sequence are 0, 0, pi / 2, pi / 2, pi, pi, 3pi / 2, 3pi / 2, 0, 0, pi / 2, pi / 2, pi, pi, 3pi / 2, 3pi / 2.

[0151] When M is 4, in Formula 2, i = 0 to i = 15 respectively correspond to The sequence is: 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3; that is, the phase shifts relative to the BPSK sequence are 0, 0, 0, 0, pi / 2, pi / 2, pi / 2, pi, pi, pi, pi, 3pi / 2, 3pi / 2, 3pi / 2, 3pi / 2.

[0152] The following steps 303, 304, and 305 are the processing of the modulation symbols for any antenna port. The same processing is performed for different antenna ports.

[0153] Step 303: The first device performs a Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) on multiple modulation symbols corresponding to the antenna port. Each symbol after the DFT can be called a sample, a complex sample, or a complex symbol, etc.

[0154] When performing a Directed Fourier Transform (DFT) on modulation symbols, the DFT size can be determined first based on the scheduling bandwidth. Then, based on the DFT size, it can be decided whether to group the modulation symbols. That is, the size of the group is the same as the size used in the DFT, while the DFT size is determined by the scheduling bandwidth. Typically, the DFT size is the same as the number of modulation symbols contained in one DFT-s-OFDM symbol at that antenna port. For example, if one DFT-s-OFDM symbol at one antenna port corresponds to 600 modulation symbols, these 600 modulation symbols can be treated as a whole for DFT. Optionally, they can be divided into multiple groups, such as three groups of 200 modulation symbols each, and the DFT can be performed on each group of 200 modulation symbols. In the NR protocol, this DFT process is called transform precoding. Optionally, when using pi / 2-BPSK modulation, the transmitter can perform frequency domain shaping on the DFT-generated signal.

[0155] Step 303 is optional. If the DFT is not performed, the final result is an OFDM signal; if the DFT is performed, the final result is a DFT-s-OFDM signal. Optionally, the symbols after the DFT can also be precoded.

[0156] Step 304: The first device maps multiple modulation symbols obtained in step 302 or multiple symbols obtained in step 303 onto frequency domain resources, wherein the frequency domain resources are the frequency domain resources corresponding to the antenna port.

[0157] In existing technologies, different antenna ports correspond to the same frequency domain resources. However, in this application, in order to fully exploit diversity gain, the frequency domain resources corresponding to different antenna ports do not overlap, or in other words, different antenna ports undergo orthogonal frequency domain mapping.

[0158] The granularity of frequency domain resources includes, but is not limited to: subcarrier (resource element RE) level (RE in this application can also be replaced by subcarrier), physical resource block (PRB) level, precoding resource block group (PRG) level, and resource block group (RBG) level. Furthermore, the frequency domain resources corresponding to each antenna port can be discontinuous or continuous, as detailed below.

[0159] In one example, the frequency domain resources corresponding to each antenna port are discontinuous. Alternatively, the discontinuous (spaced) portions of the frequency domain resources are the frequency domain resources of other antenna ports. The discontinuous (spaced) portions may be uniform or non-uniform.

[0160] When the frequency domain resources corresponding to each antenna port are not contiguous, the following examples illustrate any frequency domain resource mapping method:

[0161] In Method 1, when the frequency domain resources include multiple discontinuous subcarriers (resource elements REs), the first device maps multiple modulation symbols to multiple discontinuous REs in the frequency domain resources of the antenna port. The transmission mode corresponding to this mapping method can be called a multi-port frequency division transmission mode. Specifically, when the discontinuous (spaced) portions are uniform, this mapping method can also be called an RE comb mapping method. Figure 5a As shown, taking two antenna ports (port0 and port1) as an example, a schematic diagram of a RE (subcarrier) comb mapping method is provided. The symbols corresponding to each antenna port are uniformly spaced across the frequency domain resources. The comb tooth size is related to the number of antenna ports. When there are 2 antenna ports, the comb tooth size is 2, meaning that symbols are placed one subcarrier apart in the frequency domain; when there are M antenna ports, the comb tooth size is M, meaning that symbols are placed one M-1 subcarrier apart in the frequency domain. This mapping method is applicable to both OFDM and DFT-s-OFDM signals. It offers high diversity and does not compromise the single-carrier characteristics of DFT-s-OFDM.

[0162] In the mapping method described above, which maps multiple modulation symbols onto multiple discontinuous subcarriers, signals on two or more antenna ports are transmitted independently and occupy the same PRB set (or the same frequency band). Therefore, channel estimation needs to be performed separately. Different antenna ports require different DMRS. DMRS is used to estimate the instantaneous channel for coherent demodulation of data, control, or broadcast channels.

[0163] In Method 2, when the frequency domain resources include multiple discontinuous precoding resource block groups (PRGs), the first device maps multiple modulation symbols to the frequency domain resources of the antenna port by mapping the multiple modulation symbols to multiple discontinuous PRGs. This mapping method can also be called the precoding resource block group (PRG) interleaving mapping method.

[0164] In Method 3, when the frequency domain resources include multiple discontinuous Physical Resource Blocks (PRBs), the first device maps multiple modulation symbols to the frequency domain resources of the antenna port by mapping the multiple modulation symbols to multiple discontinuous PRBs. This mapping method can also be called the Physical Resource Block (PRB) interleaving mapping method.

[0165] Method 4: When the frequency domain resources include multiple discontinuous resource block groups (RBGs), the first device maps multiple modulation symbols to the frequency domain resources of the antenna port by mapping the multiple modulation symbols to multiple discontinuous RBGs. This mapping method can also be called: resource block group (RBG) interleaving mapping method.

[0166] like Figure 5b As shown, taking two antenna ports (port0 and port1) as an example, this diagram illustrates a precoding resource block group (PRG) / physical resource block (PRB) interleaving mapping method. Different antenna ports occupy different PRB sets or RB sets (an RB set includes multiple PRGs or PRBs, and the number of PRGs or PRBs can be configured by the network device). For example, antenna port 0 occupies an even number of PRBs, while antenna port 1 occupies an odd number of PRBs. This mapping method is applicable to OFDM signals and has high diversity.

[0167] In methods 2, 3, and 4 mentioned above, two or more antenna ports occupy different frequency bands, and only one DMRS port may be used or allocated.

[0168] like Figure 5d As shown, a schematic diagram of a time-frequency resource grid after RE comb mapping is provided. The horizontal axis represents the 14 OFDM symbols (or DFT-s-OFDM symbols) of one time slot, while the vertical axis represents two frequency-domain PRBs, or 24 frequency-domain subcarriers. Figure 5d In this configuration, antenna 0 transmits data signals occupying even-numbered subcarriers, while antenna 1 transmits data signals occupying odd-numbered subcarriers.

[0169] When using RE comb mapping to transmit data signals, the subcarriers occupied by the DMRS of each antenna can be the same as or different from those occupied by the data signal. For example, antenna 0 and antenna 1 may still use even-numbered and odd-numbered subcarriers respectively to transmit data, but the DMRS corresponding to antenna 0 and antenna 1 may be mapped to even-numbered subcarriers. In this case, the DMRS of the two antenna ports can be orthogonalized through frequency domain orthogonal codes. In existing NR protocols, the frequency domain resources occupied by the DMRS and the orthogonal codes are determined by the DMRS port number.

[0170] In another example, method 5: when the frequency domain resources corresponding to each antenna port are continuous, the mapping method used by the first device to map multiple modulation symbols to the frequency domain resources of the antenna ports is: mapping multiple modulation symbols to continuous frequency domain resources. For example, the frequency domain resources of an antenna port include multiple subcarriers, multiple PRBs, or multiple PRGs, which can be regarded as a sub-band. In this application, this mapping method can also be called: sub-band mapping method. The multiple frequency domain resources corresponding to multiple antenna ports can be continuous or discontinuous.

[0171] like Figure 5cAs shown, taking two antenna ports (port0 and port1) as an example, a subband mapping method is provided, in which the number of subbands equals the number of antenna ports. Different antenna ports correspond to different subbands. Typically, each subband is continuous in the frequency domain, and the frequency domain resources of one antenna port (i.e., one subband) include 3 PRBs, and the frequency domain resources corresponding to two antenna ports are also continuous. This mapping method can be applied to both OFDM and DFT-s-OFDM signals. This mapping method is simple to implement and does not destroy the single-carrier characteristics of DFT-s-OFDM.

[0172] In method 5 described above, two or more antenna ports occupy different frequency bands, requiring only one DMRS port. However, since multiple sub-bands are transmitted from different antenna ports, each sub-band should independently map its DMRS sequence. That is, one sub-band transmits one DMRS sequence, rather than multiple sub-bands transmitting a single DMRS sequence (i.e., one sub-band transmits a portion of a DMRS sequence, and other sub-bands transmit the remaining portion), to ensure that the PAPR of the DMRS is not degraded. In one possible implementation, when using an OFDM waveform, the DMRS sequences of multiple sub-bands are determined by their respective frequency domain positions and port numbers. In another possible implementation, when using a DFT-s-OFDM waveform, the DMRS sequences of multiple sub-bands are identical.

[0173] like Figure 5e As shown, a schematic diagram of a time-frequency resource grid after subband mapping is provided. The horizontal axis represents the 14 OFDM symbols (or DFT-s-OFDM symbols) of one time slot, while the vertical axis represents two frequency-domain PRBs, or 24 frequency-domain subcarriers. Figure 5e In this configuration, antenna 0 occupies one PRB (i.e., 12 subcarriers, 14 symbols) for transmitting data signals, while antenna 1 occupies another PRB for transmitting data signals. Antenna 0's data transmission and DMRS transmission occupy the same subband, and antenna 1's data transmission and DMRS transmission also occupy the same subband.

[0174] How the first device determines which mapping method to use to map symbols to frequency domain resources will be introduced later.

[0175] Step 305: The first device processes the frequency domain signal after frequency domain resource mapping to generate a DFT-s-OFDM signal or an OFDM signal. This can be done by performing operations such as inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) and adding a cyclic prefix (CP) to obtain the DFT-s-OFDM signal or OFDM signal. Then, the DFT-s-OFDM signal or OFDM signal can be transmitted at the corresponding antenna port.

[0176] In this embodiment, a transport block is transmitted on different antenna ports, meaning it is transmitted on different channels, thus achieving diversity communication. Furthermore, transmit antenna port diversity gain can be obtained under both OFDM and DFT-s-OFDM waveforms, and the proposed scheme is less affected by factors such as channel conditions and bandwidth. It provides stable diversity gains in various application scenarios.

[0177] In another embodiment of this application, the above Figure 3 The antenna ports in the example can also be replaced with antenna port sets. That is, multiple symbols are mapped to multiple antenna port sets. The antenna port set is a whole. This application is not concerned with how many antenna ports are in a single antenna port set, but only with how many antenna port sets there are. This replacement method also applies to the several embodiments described later.

[0178] In step 304 above, five mapping methods were introduced. Next, we will explain how the first device determines which mapping method to use to map symbols (e.g., modulation symbols or DFT-derived symbols) onto frequency domain resources.

[0179] Method a: The protocol specifies a mapping method for mapping symbols to frequency domain resources when using the diversity communication method of this application. This mapping method can be any of the five mapping methods mentioned above, or it can be any other mapping method besides these five, such as ordinary single-stream transmission.

[0180] In method b, the first device can also receive a first indication, which is used to indicate the mapping method for mapping multiple symbols to frequency domain resources. For example, when there are more than four mapping methods, the second device can use 3 bits to indicate the mapping method, such as 000, 001, 010, 011, 100, etc., which represent different mapping methods.

[0181] Typically, the first device is a terminal, which receives a first instruction from the network device. This first instruction can be carried in semi-static or dynamic signaling. Examples of semi-static signaling include radio resource control (RRC) and medium access control (MAC) control elements (CE). Examples of dynamic signaling include downlink control information (DCI).

[0182] Optionally, when the first indication is carried by dynamic signaling, such as by uplink scheduling DCI, the first indication only indicates the mapping method used in this scheduled transmission. In the next transmission, the next, and so on, the first device can determine a new mapping method based on the new indication.

[0183] Optionally, when the first indication is carried by semi-static signaling, the mapping method indicated by the first indication can be used continuously. The first device can use the mapping method used in this transmission in the next transmission, the next transmission after that, and so on, until the first device receives a new indication carried in the semi-static signaling to indicate a new mapping method.

[0184] In method c, the first device can determine which mapping method to use by receiving one or more demodulation reference signal (DMRS) port identifiers.

[0185] Typically, the first device is a terminal, which receives one or more DMRS port identifiers from the network device.

[0186] In one example, the number of DMRS port identifiers sent to the first device implicitly indicates which mapping method the first device should use to map symbols to frequency domain resources. Specifically:

[0187] When the first device receives multiple DMRS port identifiers, the mapping method used by the first device to map multiple symbols to the frequency domain resources of the antenna port is as follows: the frequency domain resources include multiple resource elements (REs), and the multiple resource elements (REs) are not contiguous, i.e., method 1 mentioned above. When the first device receives one DMRS port identifier, the mapping method used by the first device to map multiple symbols to the frequency domain resources of the antenna port is as follows: the frequency domain resources corresponding to each antenna port are contiguous, i.e., method 5 mentioned above; or, the frequency domain resources include multiple precoded resource block groups (PRGs), and the multiple precoded resource block groups (PRGs) are not contiguous, i.e., method 2 mentioned above; or, the frequency domain resources include multiple physical resource blocks (PRBs), and the multiple physical resource blocks (PRBs) are not contiguous, i.e., method 3 mentioned above; or, the frequency domain resources include multiple resource block groups (RBGs), and the multiple resource block groups (RBGs) are not contiguous, i.e., method 4 mentioned above; or, ordinary single-stream transmission.

[0188] In another example, by sending a DMRS port identifier to the first device, it is implicitly instructed that the first device use the mapping method of Mode 1 to map symbols to frequency domain resources. Specifically:

[0189] Even if the first device receives only one DMRS port identifier, it can deduce the identifiers of other ports according to certain rules. In this case, the mapping method described in Method 1 above can still be used. These rules can be defined by the protocol or configured by the network device for the first device.

[0190] A DMRS port identifier can be a DMRS port number. When deriving one or more other DMRS port numbers from a DMRS port number 'a', a value can be added to or subtracted from the original DMRS port number to obtain the new DMRS port number.

[0191] The following describes a method for deriving DMRS port numbers, using only two antenna ports (i.e., two DMRS ports) as an example. This example does not limit the scope of this application.

[0192] For example, if the terminal is configured with DMRS configuration type 1, then:

[0193] Second DMRS port number = First DMRS port number + 1;

[0194] Second DMRS port number = First DMRS port number + 2;

[0195] Another example is when the terminal is configured with DMRS configuration type 2:

[0196] Second DMRS port number = First DMRS port number + 1;

[0197] Second DMRS port number = First DMRS port number + 2;

[0198] Second DMRS port number = First DMRS port number + 3.

[0199] DMRS configuration type 1 and DMRS configuration type 2 are two types specified by the protocol.

[0200] It can also be that the second DMRS port number = the first DMRS port number - 1; the second DMRS port number = the first DMRS port number - 2, etc.

[0201] Additionally, it's important to note that configuring one or more DMRS port identifiers for the first device can be decoupled from determining the mapping method. Configuring one or more DMRS port identifiers for the first device facilitates DMRS transmission. For example, the mapping method can be determined using method a or method b described above, or method d as described below. If the first device uses mapping method 1, and if the first device receives multiple DMRS port identifiers from the network device, then each DMRS port identifier corresponds to an antenna port. If the first device receives only one DMRS port identifier from the network device, the first device can also use the above method to derive the identifiers of other ports.

[0202] Method d: The first device can determine the mapping method of Method 5 by receiving information from one or more sub-bands. The sub-band information is used to determine the frequency domain resources corresponding to the antenna port. This sub-band information is used to indicate the frequency domain location of the sub-band or to indicate the bandwidth of the sub-band. That is, by sending the sub-band information to the first device, the first device is implicitly instructed to use the mapping method of Method 5 to map symbols onto frequency domain resources.

[0203] Typically, the first device is a terminal, which receives information from one or more subbands of the network device.

[0204] Typically, all subbands have the same granularity (bandwidth), such as occupying the same number of subcarriers, or the same number of RBs, or the same number of PRBs, or the same number of PRGs, etc. The frequency domain range of these multiple subbands can be continuous or discontinuous. For example... Figure 5f The diagram illustrates an example where the frequency domain ranges of the two sub-bands can be continuous, and an example where the frequency domain ranges of the two sub-bands are not continuous. These two sub-bands can be located in the same bandwidth part (BWP) or the same component carrier (CC), or they can occupy different CCs. Typically, a component carrier comprises multiple subcarriers.

[0205] When a network device informs a terminal (first device) of information from one or more subbands, it includes, but is not limited to, the following examples:

[0206] For example, if a network device sends information about multiple sub-bands, such as frequency domain location, to a first device, then each sub-band corresponds to an antenna port.

[0207] For example, if a network device sends information about a subband, such as its frequency domain location and bandwidth, to a first device, the first device can deduce one or more other subbands based on that subband. This deduction method can be protocol-defined or agreed upon by both parties transmitting the data. For instance, the terminal might place another subband adjacent to the first subband.

[0208] For example, the network device notifies the first device of the sum of the bandwidths of all subbands (e.g., 32 RB, 64 RB). The first device can then determine the bandwidth of each subband and the frequency domain location of each subband based on the number of antenna ports.

[0209] For example, the network device notifies the first device of the bandwidth of each sub-band, and the first device determines the frequency domain location of each sub-band independently. Specifically, the network device only needs to notify one bandwidth, and all sub-bands have the same bandwidth.

[0210] When a network device needs to inform a terminal of multiple pieces of information or subband information, it can do so through downlink control information (DCI).

[0211] Currently, the DCI includes frequency domain resource configuration information. This application can utilize the frequency domain resource configuration information in the DCI to indicate the frequency domain location occupied by a sub-band. Optionally, this application adds a second indication information to the DCI, which includes frequency domain resource configuration information, to indicate the frequency domain information of one or more other sub-bands. In one possible implementation, the second indication directly indicates the starting position of the frequency domain location of one or more other sub-bands. The notification granularity of the starting position can be RB, or multiple RBs, such as RBG. If the network device indicates the frequency domain information of one or more other sub-bands through the DCI, the DCI needs to add bits or reinterpret existing bits; that is, the aforementioned second indication information can be carried by newly added bits or by reinterpreting existing bits.

[0212] In one possible implementation, when the network device configures the diversity transmission mode of this application for the UE via signaling such as RRC, the UE considers the DCI to include the aforementioned newly added bits, or the UE reinterprets certain bits in the DCI. The aforementioned newly added bits may be located in DCI format 0_1 ​​or 0_2, or in other DCI formats.

[0213] In non-coherent transmission, network devices can obtain channel amplitude information for each antenna port, but it is difficult to obtain accurate channel phase information. Discontinuous subband mapping can ensure that the terminal obtains the frequency-selective gain of each antenna in the uplink transmission.

[0214] Additionally, it's important to note that configuring one or more sub-band information for the first device can be decoupled from determining the mapping method. Configuring one or more sub-band information for the first device facilitates its determination of specific mapping positions. For example, mapping method 5 can be determined using either method a or method b described above. Then, the specific mapping position for method 5 is determined based on the sub-band information. If the first device receives information from multiple sub-bands from the network device, each sub-band corresponds to an antenna port. If the first device receives information from only one sub-band from the network device, it can also deduce the frequency domain positions of the other sub-bands.

[0215] As described above, in addition to the frequency domain resource configuration information in the DCI, a second indication information is added to indicate the frequency domain location of one or more other sub-bands. In another embodiment, the second indication information can also indicate whether the frequency band centers of the sub-bands coincide or do not coincide. The second indication information can occupy 1 bit. Taking two sub-bands as an example, namely the first sub-band and the second sub-band, the frequency domain configuration information indicates the frequency domain location occupied by the first sub-band, and the second indication information can indicate whether the frequency domain centers of the second sub-band and the first sub-band coincide or do not coincide. When the frequency domain centers do not coincide, it can be considered that the frequency domain resource mapping is performed using the mapping method of method 5 of this application. When the frequency domain centers coincide, the frequency domain resources of the first sub-band and the second sub-band are the same, that is, the frequency domain locations are the same, and it can be considered that the resource mapping is performed using the method in the prior art.

[0216] In one alternative implementation, diversity transmission is converted into multi-stream transmission when the frequency domain positions of the first and second subbands are the same. Multiple ports sending the same data constitute a single stream, while multiple ports sending different data constitute multi-stream transmission. For example, the comb transmission and multiple subband transmissions in this application are both multi-stream transmissions.

[0217] Next, as follows Figure 6 As shown, another schematic diagram of diversity communication process is introduced. Figure 6 Examples and Figure 3 The difference between the examples is: in Figure 3 In the example, the encoded bits are first modulated (step 301), and then the modulated symbols are mapped onto multiple antenna ports (step 302). Figure 6 In the example, the encoded bits are first mapped to multiple antenna ports, and then the bits on each antenna port are modulated. The rest is the same.

[0218] Figure 6 Includes the following steps:

[0219] Step 601: The first device maps multiple bits to multiple antenna ports, where the multiple bits are bits encoded from a single transport block. The specific process of step 601 is as follows: Figure 3 The process of mapping modulation symbols to multiple antenna ports in step 302 is the same, except that the modulation symbols in step 302 are replaced with encoded bits.

[0220] The first device performs the same processing on the bits at each antenna port: for example, if there are two antenna ports, one antenna port performs steps 602 to 605; the other antenna port also performs steps 602 to 605.

[0221] Step 602: The first device modulates the bits corresponding to the antenna port to obtain multiple modulation symbols. The specific process of step 602 is as follows: Figure 3 The specific process of step 301 is the same, and the repeated parts will not be described again.

[0222] Step 603: The first device performs a Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) on the multiple modulation symbols corresponding to the antenna port. Step 603 is optional, and the specific process of step 603 is the same as... Figure 3 The specific process of step 303 is the same, and the repeated parts will not be described again. Optionally, the symbols after DFT can also be precoded.

[0223] Step 604: The first device maps the multiple modulation symbols obtained in step 602 or the multiple symbols obtained in step 603 to frequency domain resources, wherein the frequency domain resources are the frequency domain resources corresponding to the antenna ports; wherein the frequency domain resources corresponding to different antenna ports do not overlap. The specific process of step 604 is as follows: Figure 3 The specific process of step 304 is the same, and the repeated parts will not be described again.

[0224] Step 605: The first device processes the frequency domain signal after the frequency domain resource mapping, such as performing Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) and adding a cyclic prefix (CP), to obtain a DFT-s-OFDM signal or an OFDM signal. Then, the DFT-s-OFDM signal or OFDM signal can be transmitted on the corresponding antenna port. The specific process of step 605 is as follows... Figure 3 The specific process of step 305 is the same, and the repeated parts will not be described again.

[0225] Next, as follows Figure 7 As shown, another diagram illustrating a diversity communication process includes the following steps:

[0226] Step 701: The first device processes a transport block to generate multiple codewords.

[0227] The processing here can include cyclic redundancy check (CRC), encoding, rate matching, etc., to generate multiple codewords. Different codewords correspond to different antenna ports, and the frequency domain resources corresponding to different antenna ports do not overlap.

[0228] In one example, a codeword is a redundant version of the transport block. Redundant versions of different codewords may be the same or different. For example, the first antenna port may use a redundancy version 0 of a TB, while the second antenna port may use redundancy versions 1, 2, or 3 of the same TB. The combined receive gain of different redundant versions is greater than the combined receive gain of the same version.

[0229] Different redundant versions of a codeword are transmitted from different antenna ports, and each redundant version can be independently decoded at the receiver. This ensures that the receiver can still achieve correct decoding even if the power of one or a group of transmitting ports is too low.

[0230] In one example, the redundancy version for each antenna port can be specified by the protocol or notified to the first device by the network device, such as through DCI. For example, the DCI can contain the redundancy version information for each antenna port, or the DCI can contain the redundancy version information for only one antenna port, and the redundancy version information for the remaining antenna ports can be derived from the redundancy version information of the first antenna port.

[0231] The following steps 702, 703, 704 and 705 are processes performed on any antenna port (i.e. any codeword). The same processing is performed on different antenna ports (codewords).

[0232] Step 702: The first device modulates the bits in the codeword to obtain multiple modulation symbols.

[0233] A codeword consists of multiple bits. The method of modulating the bits in step 702 is similar to... Figure 3 The method of modulating the bits in step 301 is the same, and the repeated parts will not be described again.

[0234] Optionally, step 703: The first device performs a Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) on the multiple modulation symbols corresponding to the antenna port. The specific process of step 703 is similar to... Figure 3 The specific process of step 303 is the same, and the repeated parts will not be described again. Optionally, the symbols after DFT can also be precoded.

[0235] Step 704: The first device maps the multiple modulation symbols obtained in step 702 or the multiple symbols obtained in step 703 onto frequency domain resources, where the frequency domain resources are those corresponding to the antenna ports. The specific process of step 704 is as follows... Figure 3 The specific process of step 304 is the same, and the repeated parts will not be described again.

[0236] Step 705: The first device processes the frequency domain signal after the frequency domain resource mapping, such as performing Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) and adding a cyclic prefix (CP), to obtain a DFT-s-OFDM signal or an OFDM signal. Then, the DFT-s-OFDM signal or OFDM signal can be transmitted on the corresponding antenna port. The specific process of step 705 is as follows... Figure 3 The specific process of step 305 is the same, and the repeated parts will not be described again.

[0237] In this embodiment, multiple redundant versions of a TB undergo independent modulation, DFT, frequency domain mapping, IFFT, and other operations at different antenna ports to generate DFT-s-OFDM symbols or OFDM symbols. Therefore, it can be regarded that the TB generates two PUSCHs, and the two PUSCHs are transmitted at different frequency domain positions at different antenna ports.

[0238] In this embodiment, different codewords generated by a transport block are transmitted on different antenna ports, and these different codewords experience different channels. In other words, a transport block is transmitted on different channels, thus achieving diversity communication. Furthermore, since each codeword can be decoded independently, even if one antenna at the receiving end experiences severe fading, such as being blocked, the receiving end can still recover the transport block from the transmitting end using data received from other antennas.

[0239] In one embodiment of this application, Figure 7 The diversity communication scheme shown can be combined with existing time-slot aggregation methods. In existing uplink time-slot aggregation transmission methods, the base station schedules the UE to transmit multiple Physical Uplink Shared Channels (PUSCHs). These multiple PUSCH transmissions employ different redundancy versions of a single TB, and the method for determining the redundancy version is shown in Table 5 below. For example, the base station schedules the UE to perform time-slot aggregation uplink transmission, with a repetition count of 2. After receiving the scheduling information, the UE will transmit in two time slots, and the redundancy version used in the two transmissions is determined by the DCI indication and / or Table 5 below.

[0240] The scheme in this embodiment can employ a similar mechanism, the difference being that two (or more) PUSCH transmissions use the same symbol set in the same time slot, but the two transmissions use different redundant versions and frequency domain resources. The determination of the redundant version can directly reuse the time slot aggregation scheme of existing protocols, while the determination of the frequency domain resources can refer to the description in the above embodiment.

[0241] Table 5: Redundancy version for PUSCH transmission.

[0242]

[0243] One possible implementation is as follows: the base station configures the special repetition mode shown in this embodiment for the UE, and then the UE performs repetitive transmission in both the frequency and time domains. If the number of repetitions indicated by the base station is equal to the number of antenna ports or antenna port groups performing transmit diversity, the repetition is completed within one time slot. If the number of repetitions indicated by the base station is greater than the number of antenna ports or antenna port groups performing transmit diversity, the repetition is completed within multiple time slots, that is, the UE prioritizes frequency domain or antenna port repetition, and then performs time domain repetition. When time domain repetition exists, different time slots can change the mapping relationship between antenna ports and frequency domain resources, such as... Figure 8 As shown in (a) and (b), for the repeated first time slot, the mapping relationship between the frequency domain port and the time domain resource remains unchanged, while for the repeated second time slot, the mapping relationship between the frequency domain port and the time domain resource changes.

[0244] The above describes various diversity communication processes executed by the first device (sender). Next, we will describe the diversity communication process executed by the second device (receiver). The process at the receiver is the reverse of the process at the sender. Specifically:

[0245] The second device processes the received OFDM signal to obtain a frequency domain signal;

[0246] The second device demaps the frequency domain signal to obtain modulation symbols;

[0247] The second device processes the modulation symbols to obtain soft information for multiple codewords;

[0248] The second device merges the soft information of multiple codewords to obtain a transport block.

[0249] The methods of the embodiments of this application have been introduced above. The apparatus of the embodiments of this application will be described below. The methods and apparatus are based on the same technical concept. Since the principles of solving the problem by the methods and apparatus are similar, the implementation of the apparatus and methods can refer to each other, and the repeated parts will not be described again.

[0250] Based on the above method examples, the embodiments of this application can divide the device into functional modules. For example, each function can be divided into its own functional modules, or two or more functions can be integrated into one module. These modules can be implemented in hardware or as software functional modules. It should be noted that the module division in the embodiments of this application is illustrative and only represents one logical functional division; other division methods may be used in actual implementation.

[0251] Based on the same technical concept as the method described above, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 9 A schematic diagram of a diversity communication device 900 is provided. The device 900 can be a first device, or a chip or functional unit applied within the first device. The device 900 has any of the functions of the first device in the above-described method; for example, the device 900 can perform the aforementioned... Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 The steps performed by the first device in the method.

[0252] The device 900 may include a transceiver module 920, a processing module 910, and optionally, a storage module 930. The processing module 910 may be connected to both the storage module 930 and the transceiver module 920, and the storage module 930 may also be connected to the transceiver module 920.

[0253] The transceiver module 920 can perform the receiving and sending actions performed by the first device in the above method embodiment.

[0254] The processing module 910 can execute other actions besides the sending and receiving actions performed by the first device in the above method embodiment.

[0255] In one example, the processing module 910 is configured to map multiple modulation symbols to multiple antenna ports; in each mapping, multiple consecutive modulation symbols are mapped to one antenna port; the multiple modulation symbols are generated based on a transport block; the modulation symbols on each antenna port are processed as follows: multiple modulation symbols are mapped to frequency domain resources, the frequency domain resources being the frequency domain resources corresponding to the antenna ports; wherein the frequency domain resources corresponding to different antenna ports do not overlap.

[0256] In one example, the processing module 910 is configured to process a transport block to generate multiple codewords; and to perform the following processing on each codeword: modulate the bits in the codeword to obtain multiple modulation symbols, and map the multiple modulation symbols onto frequency domain resources, wherein the frequency domain resources are the frequency domain resources corresponding to antenna ports; wherein different codewords correspond to different antenna ports, and the frequency domain resources corresponding to different antenna ports do not overlap;

[0257] In one example, the transceiver module 920 is further configured to receive a first indication, the first indication being configured to indicate a mapping method for mapping multiple modulation symbols to frequency domain resources.

[0258] In one example, the transceiver module 920 is also configured to receive one or more demodulation reference signal (DMRS) port identifiers.

[0259] In one example, the transceiver module 920 is further configured to receive information from one or more sub-bands, the sub-band information being used to determine the frequency domain resources corresponding to the antenna port.

[0260] In one example, the transceiver module 920 is used to transmit signals, specifically, to transmit modulation symbols mapped to the frequency domain resources corresponding to each antenna port. When the device is a baseband device, the transceiver module 920 can be the external communication interface of the baseband device. When the device is not a baseband device, the transceiver module 920 can be an antenna or an antenna port.

[0261] In one example, the storage module 930 may store computer execution instructions for a method executed by the first device, so that the processing module 910 and the transceiver module 920 execute the method executed by the first device in the above example.

[0262] The aforementioned transceiver module 920 can also be divided into a receiving module and a sending module. The sending module performs the sending action, and the receiving module performs the receiving action.

[0263] For example, a storage module may include one or more memories, which can be devices in one or more devices or circuits used to store programs or data. The storage module can be a register, cache, or RAM, and can be integrated with the processing module. The storage module can also be ROM or other types of static storage devices capable of storing static information and instructions, and can be independent of the processing module.

[0264] The transceiver module can be an input or output interface, pins, or circuits, etc.

[0265] The foregoing has described the apparatus applied to the first device according to embodiments of this application. The following describes possible product forms of the apparatus applied to the first device. It should be understood that any device possessing the above-described features... Figure 9 Any form of product featuring the characteristics of the apparatus applied to the first device falls within the protection scope of this application. It should also be understood that the following description is merely illustrative and should not limit the form of the apparatus applied to the first device according to the embodiments of this application to this specific form.

[0266] As a possible product form, the device can be implemented using a general bus architecture.

[0267] like Figure 10 The diagram shown is a schematic block diagram of a diversity communication device 1000. The device 1000 can be a first device or a chip applied in a first device. It should be understood that the device has any of the functions of the first device in the above-described method; for example, the device 1000 can perform the above-described... Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 The steps performed by the first device in the method.

[0268] The device 1000 may include a processor 1010, and optionally, a transceiver 1020 and a memory 1030. The transceiver 1020 may be used to receive program instructions and transmit them to the processor 1010, or the transceiver 1020 may be used for communication interaction between the device 1000 and other communication devices, such as exchanging control signaling and / or service data. The transceiver 1020 may be a code and / or data read / write transceiver, or it may be a signal transmission transceiver between the processor and a transceiver. The processor 1010 and the memory 1030 are electrically coupled.

[0269] For example, the memory 1030 is used to store computer programs; the processor 1010 can be used to call the computer programs or instructions stored in the memory 1030 to execute the method executed by the first device in the above example, or to execute the method executed by the first device in the above example through the transceiver 1020.

[0270] Figure 9 The processing module 910 can be implemented by the processor 1010.

[0271] Figure 9 The transceiver module 920 can be implemented using the transceiver 1020. Alternatively, the transceiver 1020 can be divided into a receiver and a transmitter, with the receiver performing the function of the receiving module and the transmitter performing the function of the sending module.

[0272] Figure 9 The storage module 930 can be implemented through the memory 1030.

[0273] As one possible product form, the device can be implemented using a general-purpose processor (which can also be called a chip or chip system).

[0274] In one possible implementation, the general-purpose processor implementing the apparatus for the first device includes: a processing circuit (which may also be referred to as a processor) and an input / output interface internally connected and communicating with the processing circuit. Optionally, it further includes: a storage medium (which may also be referred to as a memory) for storing instructions executed by the processing circuit to perform the method executed by the first device in the above example.

[0275] Figure 9 The processing module 910 can be implemented through processing circuitry.

[0276] Figure 9 The transceiver module 920 can be implemented through input / output interfaces. Alternatively, the input / output interface can be divided into an input interface and an output interface, with the input interface performing the function of the receiving module and the output interface performing the function of the transmitting module.

[0277] Figure 9 The storage module 930 can be implemented through a storage medium.

[0278] As one possible product form, the apparatus of this application embodiment can also be implemented using one or more FPGAs (Field Programmable Gate Arrays), PLDs (Programmable Logic Devices), controllers, state machines, gate logic, discrete hardware components, any other suitable circuits, or any combination of circuits capable of performing the various functions described throughout this application.

[0279] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a first device provided in an embodiment of this application. The first device may be, for example, a terminal.

[0280] The terminal includes at least one processor 1211 and at least one transceiver 1212. In one possible example, the terminal may further include at least one memory 1213, an output device 1214, an input device 1215, and one or more antennas 1216. The processor 1211, memory 1213, and transceiver 1212 are connected together. The antenna 1216 is connected to the transceiver 1212, and the output device 1214 and input device 1215 are connected to the processor 1211.

[0281] The memory 1213 can exist independently and be connected to the processor 1211. In another example, the memory 1213 can also be integrated with the processor 1211, for example, integrated within a single chip. The memory 1213 can store program code that executes the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and its execution is controlled by the processor 1211. The various types of computer program code being executed can also be considered as drivers for the processor 1211. For example, the processor 1211 is used to execute the computer program code stored in the memory 1213, thereby implementing the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

[0282] Transceiver 1212 can be used to support the reception or transmission of radio frequency (RF) signals between terminals, between terminals and network devices, or between terminals and other devices. Transceiver 1212 can be connected to antenna 1216. Transceiver 1212 includes a transmitter Tx and a receiver Rx. Specifically, one or more antennas 1216 can receive RF signals. The receiver Rx of transceiver 1212 is used to receive the RF signals from the antennas, convert the RF signals into digital baseband signals or digital intermediate frequency (IF) signals, and provide the digital baseband signals or IF signals to the processor 1211 so that the processor 1211 can perform further processing on the digital baseband signals or IF signals, such as demodulation and decoding. In addition, the transmitter Tx in transceiver 1212 is also used to receive modulated digital baseband signals or IF signals from processor 1211, convert the modulated digital baseband signals or IF signals into RF signals, and transmit the RF signals through one or more antennas 1216. Specifically, the receiver Rx can selectively perform one or more stages of downmixing and analog-to-digital conversion on the radio frequency signal to obtain a digital baseband signal or a digital intermediate frequency (IF) signal. The order of the downmixing and IF conversion processes is adjustable. The transmitter Tx can selectively perform one or more stages of upmixing and digital-to-analog conversion on the modulated digital baseband signal or digital IF signal to obtain a radio frequency signal. The order of the upmixing and IF conversion processes is also adjustable. The digital baseband signal and the digital IF signal can be collectively referred to as digital signals.

[0283] The processor 1211 can be used to implement various functions for the terminal, such as processing communication protocols and communication data, or controlling the entire terminal device, executing software programs, and processing data of software programs; or assisting in completing computing tasks, such as graphics processing or audio processing; or the processor 1211 can be used to implement one or more of the above functions.

[0284] Output device 1214 communicates with processor 1211 and can display information in various ways. For example, output device 1214 can be a liquid crystal display (LCD), a light-emitting diode (LED) display device, a cathode ray tube (CRT) display device, or a projector. Input device 1215 communicates with processor 1211 and can receive user input in various ways. For example, input device 1215 can be a mouse, keyboard, touch screen device, or sensor device.

[0285] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a computer, enables the computer to perform the aforementioned diversity communication method. Alternatively, the computer program includes instructions for implementing the aforementioned diversity communication method.

[0286] This application also provides a computer program product, including: computer program code, which, when run on a computer, enables the computer to execute the diversity communication method provided above.

[0287] This application also provides a communication system, which includes a terminal and a network device for performing the above-described diversity communication method.

[0288] Furthermore, the processor mentioned in the embodiments of this application can be a central processing unit (CPU), a baseband processor, and the baseband processor and CPU can be integrated together or separate. It can also be a network processor (NP) or a combination of CPU and NP. The processor may further include hardware chips or other general-purpose processors. The aforementioned hardware chip can be an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), or a combination thereof. The aforementioned PLD can be a complex programmable logic device (CPLD), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a generic array logic (GAL), and other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc., or any combination thereof. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0289] The memory mentioned in the embodiments of this application can be volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory. The non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or flash memory. The volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache. By way of example, but not limitation, many forms of RAM are available, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), Synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), Double Data Rate SDRAM (DDR SDRAM), Enhanced Synchronous DRAM (ESDRAM), Synchlink DRAM (SLDRAM), and Direct Rambus RAM (DR RAM). It should be noted that the memories described in this application are intended to include, but are not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0290] The transceiver mentioned in the embodiments of this application may include a separate transmitter and / or a separate receiver, or the transmitter and receiver may be integrated into one unit. The transceiver can operate under the instruction of a corresponding processor. Optionally, the transmitter may correspond to a transmitter in a physical device, and the receiver may correspond to a receiver in a physical device.

[0291] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the method steps and units described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. To clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the steps and components of each embodiment have been generally described in terms of functionality in the foregoing description. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0292] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be found in the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0293] In the embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the couplings or direct couplings or communication connections shown or discussed may be indirect couplings or communication connections through some interfaces, apparatuses, or units, or they may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms of connection.

[0294] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of the embodiments of this application, depending on actual needs.

[0295] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0296] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0297] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) that include computer-usable program code.

[0298] In this application, "and / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects are in an "or" relationship. "Multiple" in this application refers to two or more. Furthermore, it should be understood that in the description of this application, terms such as "first" and "second" are used only for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or order.

[0299] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart... Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0300] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0301] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0302] Although preferred embodiments of this application have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of this application.

[0303] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the embodiments of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of this application. Therefore, if these modifications and variations to the embodiments of this application fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A method for diversity communication, characterized in that, The method is applied to a first device, and the method includes: A transport block is processed to generate multiple codewords, one of which is a redundant version of the transport block; Each of the multiple codewords is processed as follows: the bits in the codeword are modulated to obtain multiple modulation symbols, and the multiple modulation symbols are mapped to multiple antenna ports. In each mapping, multiple consecutive modulation symbols are mapped to one antenna port. Different codewords correspond to different antenna ports, and the frequency domain resources corresponding to different antenna ports do not overlap.

2. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The frequency domain resources corresponding to each antenna port are not contiguous; or... The frequency domain resources corresponding to each antenna port are continuous.

3. The method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The frequency domain resources corresponding to each antenna port are discontinuous, including any of the following: The frequency domain resources include multiple resource elements RE that are discontinuous; The frequency domain resources include multiple precoded resource blocks (PRGs) that are not contiguous; The frequency domain resources comprise multiple physical resource blocks (PRBs) that are not contiguous.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Also includes: Receive a first instruction, which is used to indicate a mapping method for mapping multiple modulation symbols to multiple antenna ports.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Also includes: Receive one or more demodulation reference signals (DMRS port identifiers).

6. The method as described in claim 5, characterized in that, When multiple DMRS port identifiers are received, the frequency domain resource includes multiple non-contiguous resource elements (REs). or, When a DMRS port identifier is received, the frequency domain resources corresponding to each antenna port are continuous; or, the frequency domain resources include multiple non-contiguous precoded resource block groups (PRGs); or, the frequency domain resources include multiple non-contiguous physical resource blocks (PRBs).

7. The method according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Also includes: Receive information from one or more subbands, the subband information being used to determine the frequency domain resources corresponding to the antenna port.

8. The method as described in claim 7, characterized in that, When subband information is received, the frequency domain resources corresponding to each antenna port are continuous.

9. A diversity communication apparatus, characterized in that, The device includes: The processing module is used to process a transport block to generate multiple codewords, one of which is a redundant version of the transport block; and to perform the following processing on each of the multiple codewords: modulate the bits in the codeword to obtain multiple modulation symbols, and map the multiple modulation symbols to multiple antenna ports, wherein in each mapping, multiple consecutive modulation symbols are mapped to one antenna port; wherein different codewords correspond to different antenna ports, and the frequency domain resources corresponding to different antenna ports do not overlap; The transceiver module is used to send modulation symbols mapped to the frequency domain resources corresponding to each antenna port.

10. The apparatus as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that, The frequency domain resources corresponding to each antenna port are not contiguous; or... The frequency domain resources corresponding to each antenna port are continuous.

11. The apparatus as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that, When the frequency domain resources corresponding to each antenna port are not contiguous, including any of the following: The frequency domain resources include multiple resource elements RE that are discontinuous; The frequency domain resources include multiple precoded resource blocks (PRGs) that are not contiguous; The frequency domain resources comprise multiple physical resource blocks (PRBs) that are not contiguous.

12. The apparatus according to any one of claims 9-11, characterized in that, The transceiver module is further configured to receive a first instruction, which indicates a mapping method for mapping multiple modulation symbols to multiple antenna ports.

13. The apparatus according to any one of claims 9-12, characterized in that, The transceiver module is also used to receive one or more demodulation reference signal (DMRS) port identifiers.

14. The apparatus as claimed in claim 13, characterized in that, When multiple DMRS port identifiers are received, the frequency domain resource includes multiple non-contiguous resource elements (REs). or, When a DMRS port identifier is received, the frequency domain resources corresponding to each antenna port are continuous; or, the frequency domain resources include multiple non-contiguous precoded resource block groups (PRGs); or, the frequency domain resources include multiple non-contiguous physical resource blocks (PRBs).

15. The apparatus according to any one of claims 9-14, characterized in that, The transceiver module is also used to receive information from one or more sub-bands, the sub-band information being used to determine the frequency domain resources corresponding to the antenna port.

16. The apparatus as claimed in claim 15, characterized in that, When subband information is received, the frequency domain resources corresponding to each antenna port are continuous.

17. A communication device, characterized in that, Including processor and memory; The memory is used to store computer program instructions; The processor is configured to execute some or all of the computer program instructions in the memory, and when the some or all of the computer program instructions are executed, to implement the method as described in any one of claims 1-8.

18. A chip system, characterized in that, The chip system includes: a processing circuit; the processing circuit is coupled to a storage medium; The processing circuit is configured to execute some or all of the computer program instructions in the storage medium, and when the some or all of the computer program instructions are executed, to implement the method as described in any one of claims 1-8.

19. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, Used to store a computer program, the computer program including instructions for implementing the method of any one of claims 1-8.

20. A computer program product, characterized in that, The computer program product includes: computer program code, which, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-8.

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