Rail top air duct structure and construction method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a rail top air duct structure and a construction method thereof, and solves the problems of long cast-in-place cycle, large engineering quantity of the rail top air duct in the prior art, and many installation matching devices and low construction efficiency of the prefabricated structure. The rail top air duct structure comprises a plurality of rail top air duct units connected in sequence, each rail top air duct unit comprises a flexible body capable of being compressed and extended along the longitudinal direction of a building structure, and a plurality of rigid bodies for supporting the flexible body are arranged on the flexible body at intervals; the flexible body is fixed on the building structure through a connecting piece, and the rigid body is connected to the building structure along the longitudinal direction of the building structure; and a filling material injection opening for injecting the filling material into the flexible body is arranged on the flexible body. The rail top air duct structure has the advantages that the rail top air duct framework is light in weight, convenient to transport and install, convenient to extend, simple to fix with the middle plate and the side wall, and the construction efficiency is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel top ventilation duct construction technology, and in particular to a track top ventilation duct structure and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] The track-top ventilation duct is an important internal structural component of the subway station ventilation system, suspended at the junction of the station's central slab and the structural side walls. Due to its special location, it is generally not poured simultaneously with the main station structure, especially in stations where tunnel boring machines (TBMs) need to pass through, where the track-top ventilation duct must be poured later. Track-top ventilation ducts are divided into cast-in-place reinforced concrete track-top ventilation ducts and precast ventilation ducts, with cast-in-place construction being the primary method used in China.

[0003] Chinese patents, including CN 206944397 U (a connection structure between the rail top ventilation duct and the middle plate) and CN112030626 A (a prefabricated rail top ventilation duct unit, installation structure of the rail top ventilation duct, and its construction method), are characterized by the rail top ventilation duct being prefabricated and then connected to the station middle plate / structural side wall via connectors. The installation process requires special equipment or the erection of a full-span scaffold to assist in the installation, resulting in low construction efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of the aforementioned background technology, this invention proposes a rail-top ventilation duct structure and its construction method, which solves the problems of long casting cycle, large workload, and low construction efficiency of prefabricated structure installation and supporting equipment in the prior art.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is implemented as follows: a rail-top air duct structure includes a plurality of rail-top air duct units connected in sequence. Each rail-top air duct unit includes a flexible body that can be compressed and extended along the longitudinal direction of the building structure. The flexible body is provided with a plurality of rigid bodies that are spaced apart and used to support the forming of the flexible body. The flexible body is fixed to the building structure by connectors, and the rigid bodies are connected to the building structure along the longitudinal direction of the building structure. The flexible body is provided with an injection port for injecting filler into the flexible body.

[0006] As a connection method, the rigid component is connected to the side wall of the building structure through a sliding mechanism.

[0007] The sliding mechanism includes a sliding member disposed at the connecting end of the rigid body, which slides in engagement with a fixing member disposed on the side wall of the building structure. Preferably, the sliding member is a male tenon or a female tenon, and the fixing member is a corresponding female tenon or a male tenon, forming a mortise and tenon structure that allows the sliding member and the fixing member to slide against each other.

[0008] As another connection method, the rigid component is connected to the side wall of the building structure by a fastener, which is a rivet or a bolt.

[0009] Furthermore, the rigid body is a T-shaped, L-shaped, U-shaped, or closed polygonal metal frame, located inside or outside the flexible body; when the flexible body is in an extended state, it can fit with the rigid body, and after filling material is poured into the flexible body, the flexible body, the rigid body, and the filling material form a stable rail-top air duct structure.

[0010] As one arrangement, when the rigid body is located inside the flexible body, the web of the rigid body is provided with a material passage hole to facilitate the flow of filler material.

[0011] As another arrangement, when the rigid body is located outside the flexible body, the rigid body supports the flexible body from the inside and / or the outside.

[0012] As another arrangement, the flexible body is a sealing ring that matches the shape of the rigid body. The end of the flexible body along the longitudinal direction of the building structure is connected to the rigid body, and two adjacent flexible bodies are connected through the rigid body.

[0013] Furthermore, the flexible body is provided with vent holes and / or observation holes, and the injection port is located on the outer wall of the flexible body.

[0014] Furthermore, the flexible body is fixed to the side wall of the building structure by a connector, which can be a nail, bolt, or adhesive. When the connector is a bolt, the bolt corresponds to the bolt hole pre-drilled on the side wall of the building structure.

[0015] The sidewalls of the building structure include structural panels and / or walls; the flexible body is a rubber membrane or a plastic membrane.

[0016] A construction method for the aforementioned rail-top ventilation duct structure includes the following steps:

[0017] S1: Embedding or installing structural components on the side walls of a building structure as connectors for rigid bodies;

[0018] S2: Install the first set of track-top air duct units at the designed location. One end of the flexible body of the first set of track-top air duct units is fixed to the side wall of the building structure through the connector. Then, extend the first set of track-top air duct units along the longitudinal direction of the building structure. After the flexible body is tightened, fix the connectors on the flexible body to the side wall of the building structure in sequence.

[0019] S3: Install the Nth set of rail top ventilation duct units in one direction or two directions according to step S2, N≥2, until the extended rail top ventilation duct units cover the entire building structure; while installing the Nth set of rail top ventilation duct units, seal and connect the Nth set of rail top ventilation ducts with the N-1th set of top ventilation duct units.

[0020] S4: Filler is poured into the flexible body of the rail top air duct unit through the injection port on the flexible body. After the filler solidifies, the rigid body, the flexible body and the filler together form a stable rail top air duct structure.

[0021] The connection between two adjacent sets of top-mounted air duct units is either a connection between two flexible bodies, a connection between two rigid bodies, or a connection between a rigid body and a flexible body; the process of pouring filler into the flexible body in step S4 is carried out after the top-mounted air duct unit covers the entire building structure or after the installation of one top-mounted air duct unit is completed, and the filling is carried out in stages.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The rail-top ventilation duct frame of this invention is lightweight, facilitating transportation and installation, and is easy to extend. It is also simple to fix to the center plate and side walls, greatly improving construction efficiency. The flexible body has good self-adaptability; even if there are deviations in the reserved structural positions of the station's center plate and / or side walls, the connectors on the flexible body can adaptively adjust and install, ensuring the construction quality of the rail-top ventilation duct structure. The construction method of this invention utilizes a flexible body as an outer lining, making construction environmentally friendly and leak-free. The transportation and injection of the filler are simple, and the filler has high strength after curing, resulting in good overall structural stability. This effectively solves the problems of long casting cycles and large project volumes for rail-top ventilation ducts, as well as the problems of numerous prefabricated structure installation equipment and low construction efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the track-top air duct structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 Longitudinal section view of the extended track top ventilation duct structure;

[0026] Figure 3 Longitudinal section view of the extended track top ventilation duct structure;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a longitudinal section view of the rail top ventilation duct structure after filling.

[0028] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Partial sectional view of AA;

[0029] Figure 6 for Figure 4 Partial sectional view of BB in the middle;

[0030] Figure 7 for Figure 4 Partial sectional view of the CC section;

[0031] Figure 8 A partial sectional view of a rigid U-shaped metal frame;

[0032] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of a rigid rectangular metal frame structure;

[0033] Figure 10 A schematic diagram showing a rigid body arranged inside a flexible body.

[0034] Figure 11 A schematic diagram showing the arrangement of rigid bodies on both the inner and outer sides of a flexible body.

[0035] Figure 12 A schematic diagram showing a rigid body positioned outside a flexible body.

[0036] In the figure: 1. Flexible body; 2. Rigid body; 2-1. Sliding part; 2-2. Material passage hole; 3. Filler; 4. Side wall of building structure; 4-1. Fixing part; 5. Connecting part; 6. Rail top air duct unit; 7. Injection port. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] like Figure 1 , 2As shown in Embodiment 1, a track-top ventilation duct structure includes a plurality of track-top ventilation duct units 6 connected in sequence. The number of track-top ventilation duct units 6 is determined based on the longitudinal length of the building structure, such as cast-in-place or precast stations, and the extension length of one track-top ventilation duct unit 6, to ensure coverage of the entire longitudinal length of the building structure. In this embodiment, each track-top ventilation duct unit 6 includes a flexible body 1 that can be compressed and extended along the longitudinal direction of the building structure. As a preferred embodiment, the flexible body 1 is a rubber membrane, plastic membrane, or other flexible sealing material. The flexible body 1 is provided with a plurality of rigid bodies 2 spaced apart and used to support the forming of the flexible body; the rigid bodies 2 are structural components with a cross-sectional shape similar to that of the track-top ventilation duct structure. The flexible body 1 is fixed to the side wall 4 of the building structure by connectors 5. The flexible body can also be connected to the rigid body as needed. The side wall 4 of the building structure includes structural slabs and / or walls, depending on the actual construction. At the outer edge of the flexible body, it is fixed to the middle slab and / or side wall of the structure by connectors 5 to ensure that the filling material does not overflow. The rigid component 2 is connected to the side wall 4 of the building structure, providing uniform support to the flexible body and ensuring the overall strength after the filler is added. The flexible body 1 is provided with an injection port 7 for adding filler 3, which can be concrete. During construction, filler is added to the extended flexible body 1 through the injection port 7. After the filler has cured, the rigid body, the flexible body, and the filler together form a stable rail-top air duct structure.

[0039] As a preferred connection method, the rigid member 2 is connected to the side wall 4 of the building structure via a sliding mechanism. In this embodiment, the sliding mechanism includes a sliding member 2-1 located at the connection end of the rigid member 2. The sliding member 2-1 slides in conjunction with a fixing member 4-1 located on the side wall 4 of the building structure, meaning the fixing member 4-1 serves as the running track for the sliding member 2-1. In actual construction, the fixing member can be directly embedded in the side wall 4 of the building structure, or it can be installed on-site using bolts or screws.

[0040] In this embodiment, as a preferred option, the sliding member 2-1 is a male tenon or a female tenon, and the fixing member 4-1 is a corresponding female tenon or a male tenon, and is arranged along the longitudinal direction of the building structure. The sliding member 2-1 and the fixing member 4-1 form a mortise and tenon structure that can slide against each other, thereby improving the efficiency of disassembly and assembly and the installation accuracy.

[0041] Example 2, as Figure 3 , 4 As shown, based on Embodiment 1, as another preferred connection method, the rigid component 2 in this embodiment is connected to the side wall 4 of the building structure by fasteners, which are rivets or bolts. That is, during construction, workers use a fixed-point fixing method to fix the rigid component.

[0042] In this embodiment, as Figure 5 ,6 As shown in Figures 7 and 8, the rigid body 2 is an open metal frame such as a T-shape, L-shape, or U-shape, or a closed polygonal metal frame. The metal frame is preferably lightweight, and economical and practical lightweight steel frames can be used. The open metal frame and the side wall 4 of the building structure form a closed rail-top air duct outline. The closed polygonal metal frame itself forms a closed rail-top air duct outline; the closed polygonal metal frame is preferably a rectangular metal frame, such as... Figure 9 As shown.

[0043] In the actual construction, when the flexible body 1 is in an extended state, it can fit against the rigid body 2. After the filler 3 is poured into the flexible body 1, the flexible body 1, the rigid body 2, and the filler 3 form a stable rail-top air duct structure. The top of the flexible body 1 is provided with ventilation holes and / or observation holes, and the injection port 7 is located at the bottom of the flexible body 1. When the flexible body 1 is in an extended state and installed in place, the filler is poured into the flexible body through the injection port. After the filler has solidified, the rigid body, the flexible body, and the filler together form a stable rail-top air duct structure.

[0044] When the rigid body 2 is located inside the flexible body 1, the web of the rigid body 2, i.e. the metal frame, is provided with material passage holes 2-2 to facilitate the flow of filler 3. Multiple material passage holes 2-2 can be used and are evenly distributed on the web of the metal frame. With multiple material passage holes on the rigid body, after the filler is injected into the flexible body later, the material can be connected between the sections divided by the rigid body, which ensures that the filler flows smoothly in the flexible body 1 while ensuring the strength of the metal frame itself.

[0045] Example 3, based on Example 2, as another arrangement of rigid and flexible bodies, in this example, when the rigid body 2 is located outside the flexible body 1, the rigid body 2 supports the flexible body 1 from the inside and / or the outside. That is, the rigid body 2 can span across the outside of the flexible body 1, such as... Figure 12 As shown, it can also span across the inside of the flexible body 1 (not the interior), such as... Figure 10 As shown, the flexible body 1 can also be supported from both the inside and outside simultaneously, such as... Figure 11 As shown.

[0046] In this embodiment, the preferred connector 5 is a nail, bolt, or adhesive. When the connector 5 is a bolt, the bolt corresponds to the bolt hole pre-drilled on the side wall 4 of the building structure. When using a nail, the connection can be made by driving the nail on-site, or by applying adhesive on-site; other connection structures can also be used depending on the construction conditions.

[0047] Example 4, based on Example 3, presents another arrangement of rigid and flexible bodies. Flexible body 1 is a sealing ring matching the shape of rigid body 2. The end of flexible body 1 along the depth direction of the building structure is connected to rigid body 2, and adjacent flexible bodies 1 are connected through rigid body 2. In other words, both ends of flexible body 1 in the depth direction are connected to adjacent flexible bodies through rigid body 2, forming an alternating arrangement of flexible and rigid bodies. In this arrangement, the width (dimension along the depth direction) of a single flexible body is too large. After pouring filler 3 into flexible body 1, filler 3 connects and solidifies flexible body 1 and rigid body 2, forming a stable rail-top air duct structure.

[0048] Example 5: A construction method for a track-top ventilation duct structure as described in Example 1 or 2, comprising the following steps:

[0049] S1: Structural components are pre-embedded or installed on the side wall 4 of the building structure as connectors for the rigid body 2. When the rigid body 2 is connected to the side wall 4 of the building structure via a sliding mechanism, the structural component is a fixing component 4-1, serving as the sliding track for the rigid body 2. The position of the fixing component 4-1 on the side wall 4 is pre-marked, meaning that the fixing component 4-1 is either pre-embedded according to the design position or installed later. When the rigid body 2 is connected to the side wall 4 of the building structure via the fixing component, the structural component can be a threaded hole component or an anchoring component, corresponding to the bolt connection or anchor connection of the rigid body.

[0050] S2: Install the first set of track-top ventilation duct unit 6 at the designed position and ensure the connection between the rigid body 2 and the structural components. One end of the flexible body 1 of the first set of track-top ventilation duct unit 6 is fixed to the side wall 4 of the building structure through the connector 5 as the initial position. Then extend the first set of track-top ventilation duct unit 6 along the longitudinal direction of the building structure. After the flexible body 1 is tightened, the rigid body 2 is evenly distributed on the flexible body. Then fix the connector 5 on the flexible body 1 to the side wall 4 of the building structure in sequence to ensure that the flexible body forms a relatively sealed structure for later grouting.

[0051] S3: Following step S2, install the Nth set of track-top air duct units 6 sequentially, either unidirectionally or bidirectionally, where N≥2, until the extended track-top air duct units 6 cover the entire building structure. Simultaneously with the installation of the Nth set of track-top air duct units 6, seal the Nth set of track-top air duct units to the (N-1)th set. For unidirectional installation, the first set of track-top air duct units 6 is laid starting from one end of the building structure's longitudinal direction, and then the second, third, and so on are installed sequentially along the building structure's longitudinal direction. For bidirectional installation, the first set of track-top air duct units 6 is laid starting from the middle of the building structure, and then the second, third, and so on are laid sequentially from both directions towards both ends. During installation, ensure that adjacent sets of track-top air duct units 6 are sealed together.

[0052] S4: Filler material is poured into the flexible body 1 of the rail-top air duct unit 6 through the injection port 7 on the flexible body 1. After the filler material solidifies, the rigid body, flexible body, and filler material together form a stable rail-top air duct structure. This step of pouring filler material into the flexible body 1 can be done in one go after the rail-top air duct unit 6 has covered the entire building structure; or it can be done in stages after the installation of one air duct unit 6. Alternatively, it can be done immediately after the rail-top air duct has been extended and fixed. In this case, it is necessary to temporarily seal some of the material passage holes on the rigid body to prevent leakage.

[0053] In step 3, the connection between two adjacent sets of rail-top ventilation duct units 6 can be a connection of two flexible bodies, a connection of two rigid bodies, or a connection of a rigid body and a flexible body. That is, flexible bodies can be connected by means of adhesive bonding, sewing, heat fusion, etc.; rigid bodies can be connected by means of welding, bolts, adhesive bonding, etc.; and rigid bodies and flexible bodies can be connected by means of bolts, heat fusion, adhesive bonding, etc.

[0054] The above method simplifies the transportation and injection of fillers, uses a flexible outer lining, is environmentally friendly and leak-free during construction, and the fillers have high strength after curing, resulting in good overall structural stability. It effectively solves the problems of long casting cycles and large workloads for rail-top ventilation ducts, as well as the problems of numerous supporting equipment and low construction efficiency in the installation of prefabricated structures.

[0055] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A track-top plenum structure, characterized by: The roof air duct structure comprises a plurality of roof air duct units (6) connected in sequence, each roof air duct unit (6) comprises a flexible body (1) capable of being compressed and extended along the longitudinal direction of the building structure, and a plurality of rigid bodies (2) for supporting the flexible body are arranged on the flexible body (1); the flexible body (1) is fixed on the building structure through a connecting piece (5), and the rigid body (2) is connected to the building structure along the longitudinal direction of the building structure; the flexible body (1) is provided with a pouring opening (7) for pouring the filler (3) into the flexible body (1); The rigid body (2) is a T-shaped, L-shaped, U-shaped or closed polygonal metal frame, and the rigid body (2) is located inside or outside the flexible body (1); the flexible body (1) can be attached to the rigid body (2) when the flexible body (1) is in an extended state, and after the filler (3) is poured into the flexible body (1), the flexible body (1), the rigid body (2) and the filler (3) form a stable roof air duct structure.

2. The track-top plenum structure of claim 1, wherein: The rigid body (2) is connected to the side wall (4) of the building structure through a sliding mechanism.

3. The track-top plenum structure of claim 2, wherein: The sliding mechanism comprises a sliding piece (2-1) arranged at the connecting end of the rigid body (2), and the sliding piece (2-1) is in sliding fit with a fixing piece (4-1) arranged on the side wall (4) of the building structure.

4. The track-top plenum structure of claim 3, wherein: The sliding piece (2-1) is a male tenon or a female tenon, the fixing piece (4-1) is a corresponding female tenon or male tenon, and the sliding piece (2-1) and the fixing piece (4-1) form a mortise and tenon structure capable of sliding relative to each other.

5. The track-top plenum structure of claim 1, wherein: The rigid body (2) is connected to the side wall (4) of the building structure through a fixing piece, and the fixing piece is a riveting piece or a bolt piece.

6. The track-top plenum structure of any one of claims 1-5, wherein: When the rigid body (2) is located inside the flexible body (1), a material passing hole (2-2) for facilitating the flow of the filler (3) is arranged on the web of the rigid body (2).

7. The track-top plenum structure of claim 6, wherein: When the rigid body (2) is located outside the flexible body (1), the rigid body (2) supports the flexible body (1) from the inside and / or the outside.

8. The track-top plenum structure of claim 7, wherein: The flexible body (1) is a sealing capsule ring matched with the shape of the rigid body (2), the end of the flexible body (1) along the longitudinal direction of the building structure is connected with the rigid body (2), and two adjacent flexible bodies (1) are connected through the rigid body (2).

9. The track-top plenum structure of any of claims 1-5, 8, wherein: The flexible body (1) is provided with a ventilation hole and / or an observation hole, and the pouring opening (7) is arranged on the outer wall of the flexible body (1).

10. The track-top plenum structure of claim 9, wherein: The flexible body (1) is fixed to the side wall (4) of the building structure through a connecting piece (5), the connecting piece (5) is a nail, a bolt or an adhesive piece, and when the connecting piece (5) is a bolt, the bolt corresponds to a bolt hole reserved on the side wall (4) of the building structure.

11. The track-top plenum structure of claim 10, wherein: The side wall (4) of the building structure comprises a structural plate and / or a wall body; the flexible body (1) is a rubber film or a plastic film.

12. A method of constructing a track-top duct structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, 8, 11, characterised by: The steps are as follows, S1: embed or install a structural piece on the side wall (4) of the building structure as a connecting piece of the rigid body (2); S2: Install the first rail roof air duct unit (6) to the designed position, one end of the flexible body (1) of the first rail roof air duct unit (6) is fixed to the side wall (4) of the building structure through the connecting piece (5), then extend the first rail roof air duct unit (6) along the longitudinal direction of the building structure, after the flexible body (1) is tensioned, sequentially fix the connecting piece (5) on the flexible body (1) to the side wall (4) of the building structure; S3: According to step S2, sequentially install the Nth rail roof air duct unit (6) in one direction or two directions, N≥2, until the extended rail roof air duct unit (6) covers the whole building structure; while installing the Nth rail roof air duct unit (6), seal and connect the Nth rail roof air duct with the (N-1)th roof air duct unit; S4: Pour the filler into the flexible body (1) of the rail roof air duct unit (6) through the pouring port (7) on the flexible body (1), after the filler is solidified, the rigid body, the flexible body and the filler together form a stable rail roof air duct structure.

13. The construction method of a track ceiling duct structure according to claim 12, characterized by: The connection between the two adjacent rail roof air duct units (6) is the connection of two flexible bodies or the connection of two rigid bodies or the connection of a rigid body and a flexible body; The process of pouring the filler into the flexible body (1) in step S4 is performed after the rail roof air duct unit (6) covers the whole building structure or is performed step by step after the installation of one rail roof air duct unit (6) is completed.

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