A flexible ecological debris flow dam

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of blocking facilities, and discloses a flexible ecological debris flow blocking dam, which comprises a valley, at least two blocking dams distributed in the valley in sequence, a net rack fixed on the valley, and a flexible net laid on the net rack, wherein the net rack is provided with a cleaning device driven by water power in the valley, which is used for cleaning and dredging the surface of the flexible net.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of barrier technology, and in particular to a flexible ecological debris flow barrier dam. Background Technology

[0002] Debris flows are special types of torrents containing large amounts of solid materials such as mud, sand, and rocks, triggered by flash floods caused by heavy rainfall or snowmelt in mountain valleys. They are characterized by sudden eruptions, with turbid fluids rushing and roaring down steep gullies, causing ground tremors and a thunderous roar in the valley. In a very short time, they wash large amounts of mud, sand, and rocks out of the gully, cascading and depositing them in wide accumulation areas, often causing significant damage to human life and property. Debris flows are classified according to their gully morphology into valley-type and hillside-type debris flows.

[0003] Common engineering prevention and control measures for debris flow geological hazards mainly include two categories: diversion and containment. Diversion engineering aims to improve the flow potential of the debris flow, increase the drainage capacity of bridges and other structures, and ensure the debris flow is discharged smoothly according to design specifications. Diversion engineering includes diversion dikes, rapid flow channels, and constriction dikes. Containment engineering is used to control the solid material in the debris flow and the runoff from rainstorms and floods, weakening the flow rate, discharge volume, and energy of the debris flow to reduce the damage caused by scouring, impact, and burial of downstream structures. Containment measures include spoil dams, silt storage sites, retaining structures, and flood interception structures. Among these, permeable containment dams that block solid material in debris flows mainly include slotted dams, sieve dams, and grid dams.

[0004] In related technologies, Chinese invention patent application number 201910645413.8 discloses an invention patent for a flexible debris flow retaining net and a flexible debris flow retaining dam. The flexible debris flow retaining net includes a flexible net, a top support rope, wings ropes, a bottom support rope, and edge ropes. The flexible net is horizontally unfolded, with both ends curving upwards to form flexible net wings, and the remaining part is the main body of the flexible net. The top support rope is horizontally stretched and set at the top of the flexible net main body, and the upper edge mesh of the flexible net main body is slidably connected to the top support rope. The wings rope is set along the upper edge of the flexible net, and the upper edge mesh of the flexible net is slidably connected to the wings rope. The bottom support rope is horizontally stretched and set at the bottom of the flexible net, and the lower edge mesh of the flexible net is slidably connected to the bottom support rope. Edge ropes are set at both ends of the flexible net, and the side edge meshes of the flexible net are slidably connected to the edge ropes. Installing the retaining net into the gully forms a retaining dam.

[0005] However, when debris flows do not occur, the flexible mesh used in the above technology is prone to clogging of its mesh holes due to the adhesion of dirt in the water flow, preventing normal water flow from passing through smoothly, which directly affects the effectiveness and safety of the retaining dam when debris flows occur. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the technical problems mentioned in the background section, this invention provides a flexible ecological debris flow retaining dam.

[0007] The present invention is achieved by the following technical solution: a flexible ecological debris flow barrier dam, comprising a gully and at least two barrier dams sequentially distributed in the gully. The barrier dam includes a mesh frame fixed on the gully and a flexible net laid on the mesh frame. A cleaning device is provided on the mesh frame. The cleaning device is driven by the water in the gully and is used to clean and dredge the surface of the flexible net.

[0008] As a further improvement to the above solution, the cleaning device includes a positioning seat, which is disposed on the top of the mesh frame. A movable block that can move along its length is movably disposed on the backwater side of the positioning seat. A first scraper is vertically disposed at the bottom of the movable block, and the scraping surface of the first scraper is in contact with the backwater surface of the flexible mesh.

[0009] As a further improvement to the above solution, a guide rail is provided on the top of the positioning seat, and the top of the moving block is slidably locked onto the guide rail.

[0010] As a further improvement to the above solution, the cleaning device also includes a bracket, which is fixed to the water-facing side of the net frame. An impeller submerged below the water surface in the ditch is provided at the bottom of the bracket. A first sprocket is coaxially fixed on the impeller, and a second sprocket is provided on the bracket above the first sprocket. The first sprocket and the second sprocket are connected by a chain drive, and the second sprocket drives the moving block to reciprocate through a transmission assembly.

[0011] As a further improvement to the above solution, the transmission assembly includes a first cylinder, which is coaxially fixed at the center of the second sprocket. A first connecting rod is inserted into one end of the first cylinder. A closed, continuous, and wavy track groove is formed on the inner wall of the first cylinder. A track block is provided on the first connecting rod that slides and engages with the track groove. One end of the first connecting rod is fixed to one side of the moving block.

[0012] As a further improvement to the above solution, the cleaning device also includes a movable shaft. The movable block has a first limiting groove, and the positioning seat has a second limiting groove. One end of the movable shaft passes through the first limiting groove and the second limiting groove in sequence, and the outer periphery of the movable shaft is slidably engaged with the groove walls of the first limiting groove and the second limiting groove, respectively. The other end of the movable shaft is fixed with a second connecting rod parallel to the first scraper. The bottom of the second connecting rod is fixed with a second scraper parallel to the positioning seat, and the scraping surface of the second scraper is in contact with the surface of the flexible mesh.

[0013] When the moving block moves toward the side of the grid frame, the movable shaft can move horizontally toward the side of the grid frame first, and then move downward, under the combined action of the first limiting groove and the second limiting groove.

[0014] As a further improvement to the above solution, the first limiting groove is an inclined groove, with the high end of the first limiting groove close to the side of the grid frame and the low end close to the middle of the grid frame.

[0015] As a further improvement to the above solution, the second limiting groove has an L-shaped structure. The second limiting groove is composed of a horizontal groove and a vertical groove. The vertical groove is located on the side of the horizontal groove away from the middle of the grid frame, and the high end of the vertical groove is connected to the corresponding end of the horizontal groove.

[0016] As a further improvement to the above solution, a brush layer is provided on the side of the second scraper facing the flexible mesh.

[0017] As a further improvement to the above solution, a drainage ditch is provided on the bottom plate of the ditch.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0019] 1. The flexible ecological debris flow barrier dam of the present invention, by setting a cleaning device on each flexible ecological barrier dam, utilizes only the kinetic energy of water in the gully to achieve dredging and cleaning of the surface of the flexible net, ensuring the passage of water on the flexible net, the effectiveness of the barrier dam in the event of a debris flow, and its safety.

[0020] 2. The flexible ecological debris flow barrier dam of the present invention has a cleaning device that includes a positioning seat, guide rail, moving block, first scraper, support, first cylinder, track groove and impeller. It uses only hydraulic force to drive the impeller 13, first sprocket 14 and second sprocket 15 to rotate, thereby driving the first scraper to move back and forth on the surface of the flexible net, so as to effectively dredge and clean the dirt attached to the flexible net.

[0021] 3. The flexible ecological debris flow barrier dam of the present invention, by setting a movable shaft, a first limiting groove, a second limiting groove, and a second scraper, can make the second scraper move vertically along the surface of the flexible net within a certain period of time while the first scraper moves horizontally, so as to complete the cleaning and dredging of the surface of the flexible net.

[0022] 4. The flexible ecological debris flow barrier dam of the present invention, by elastically rotating a third scraper on a first scraper, and the end of the second scraper always rolling in contact with the guide groove of the third scraper through a roller, makes it so that when the movable shaft moves down in the vertical groove, the moving block will continue to move towards the side of the grid, which causes the first scraper to drive the third scraper to move synchronously with the moving block. Then, the third scraper will rotate around the roller at a certain angle under the limiting sliding and squeezing action of the end of the second scraper, further increasing the cleaning coverage area of ​​the flexible net surface.

[0023] 5. The flexible ecological debris flow barrier dam of the present invention, through the spray pipe, flow channel, first connecting hole, second connecting hole, piston, plug groove and second cylinder provided on the second scraper, can spray high-pressure water jets onto the back water surface of the flexible net when the second scraper moves downward on the surface of the flexible net, so as to form a backwashing of the flexible net, and in conjunction with the scraping action of the second scraper, better remove stubborn dirt attached to the surface of the flexible net. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the flexible ecological debris flow barrier dam provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A side view of the structure including the central support, impeller, etc.

[0026] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the first cylinder and the first connecting rod;

[0027] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the distribution of the trajectory grooves after the first cylinder is sheared and laid out along its outer axis;

[0028] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the second limiting groove on the middle positioning seat;

[0029] Figure 6 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first limiting groove on the moving block;

[0030] Figure 7 for Figure 1 Enlarged structural diagram at point A;

[0031] Figure 8 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a flexible ecological debris flow barrier dam in a different state;

[0032] Figure 9 for Figure 1A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure from a top-down view after the second scraper is rotated 90 degrees to the right.

[0033] Figure 10 for Figure 9 Enlarged structural diagram at point B.

[0034] Explanation of key symbols:

[0035] 1. Valley; 2. Grid frame; 3. Flexible net; 4. Positioning seat; 5. Guide rail; 6. Moving block; 7. First scraper; 8. Support; 9. First cylinder; 10. First connecting rod; 11. Track groove; 12. Track block; 13. Impeller; 14. First sprocket; 15. Second sprocket; 16. Second connecting rod; 17. Second scraper; 18. Movable shaft; 19. First limiting groove; 20. Second limiting groove; 201. Horizontal groove; 202. Vertical groove; 21. 22. Third scraper; 24. Guide groove; 25. Roller; 26. Brush layer; 27. First transmission gear; 28. Second transmission gear; 29. ​​First bevel tooth; 30. Second bevel tooth; 31. Second cylinder; 32. Piston; 33. Plug groove; 34. Telescopic rod; 35. Flow channel; 361. Nozzle; 362. Second connecting hole; 37. First fixing block; 38. Valve seat; 39. Valve groove; 40. Valve ball; 41. Second fixing block. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The present invention will now be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, without conflict, the various embodiments or technical features described below can be arbitrarily combined to form new embodiments.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] Please combine Figures 1 to 6 A flexible ecological debris flow barrier dam includes a gully 1 and at least two barrier dams sequentially distributed within the gully 1. Each barrier dam includes a mesh frame 2 fixed to the gully 1 and a flexible net 3 laid on the mesh frame 2. A cleaning device is installed on the mesh frame 2, driven by water pressure within the gully 1, to clean and unclog the surface of the flexible net 3, preventing blockage by adhering dirt and ensuring the smooth flow of water across the flexible net 3 even when no debris flow occurs. A drainage ditch is provided on the bottom of the gully 1 to facilitate the smooth flow of water through the barrier dam even in the absence of a debris flow.

[0039] The cleaning device includes a positioning seat 4, which is located on the top of the mesh frame 2. The positioning seat 4 has a sliding block 6 that can move along its length on the back side of the positioning seat 4. A first scraper 7 is vertically arranged at the bottom of the moving block 6. The scraping surface of the first scraper 7 is in contact with the back side of the flexible mesh 3 so that when it moves synchronously with the moving block 6, it can scrape off the dirt attached to the surface of the flexible mesh 3 and keep the mesh holes unobstructed.

[0040] A guide rail 5 is fixed to the top of the positioning seat 4, and the guide rail 5 is set along the length of the positioning seat 4. The top of the moving block 6 is slidably locked onto the guide rail 5, which allows the positioning seat 4 to move in a direction perpendicular to the water flow.

[0041] The cleaning device also includes a support frame 8, which is fixed to the water-facing side of the mesh frame 2. An impeller 13, submerged below the water surface in the ditch 1, is located at the bottom of the support frame 8 and rotates under hydraulic pressure. A first sprocket 14 is coaxially fixed to the impeller 13, and a second sprocket 15, located above the first sprocket 14, is mounted on the support frame 8. The first sprocket 14 and the second sprocket 15 are connected by a chain drive, and the second sprocket 15 drives the moving block 6 to reciprocate via a transmission assembly. Thus, hydraulic pressure can be used to drive the impeller 13, the first sprocket 14, and the second sprocket 15 to rotate, which in turn provides power for the reciprocating motion of the moving block 6 via the transmission assembly.

[0042] The transmission assembly includes a first cylinder 9, which is coaxially fixed at the center of the second sprocket 15. A first connecting rod 10 is inserted into one end of the first cylinder 9. A closed, continuous, and wavy track groove 11 is opened on the inner wall of the first cylinder 9. A track block 12 is provided on the first connecting rod 10 and is slidably engaged with the track groove 11. One end of the first connecting rod 10 is fixed to one side of the moving block 6.

[0043] As can be seen from the above, by using only water power, the second sprocket 15 can drive the first cylinder 9 to rotate synchronously, so that the track groove 11 of the first cylinder 9 and the track block 12 on the first connecting rod 10 can work together by friction. This causes the groove wall of the track groove 11 to continuously rub and squeeze the track block 12. Since the track groove 11 is a continuous closed wave-shaped structure, it will force the first connecting rod 10 to move back and forth in its axial direction, that is, drive the moving block 6 to move back and forth horizontally on the guide rail 5, and then drive the first scraper 7 to scrape the surface of the flexible net 3 back and forth, so as to improve the cleaning effect and efficiency of the flexible net 3.

[0044] The cleaning device also includes a movable shaft 18. A first limiting groove 19 is formed on the movable block 6, and a second limiting groove 20 is formed on the positioning seat 4. One end of the movable shaft 18 passes through the first limiting groove 19 and the second limiting groove 20 sequentially, and the outer periphery of the movable shaft 18 is slidably engaged with the groove walls of the first limiting groove 19 and the second limiting groove 20, respectively. A second connecting rod 16, parallel to the first scraper 7, is fixed to the other end of the movable shaft 18. A second scraper 17, parallel to the positioning seat 4, is fixed to the bottom of the second connecting rod 16, and the scraping surface of the second scraper 17 contacts the surface of the flexible mesh 3.

[0045] The second scraper 17 has a brush layer 25 on the side facing the flexible mesh 3, which can improve the cleaning effect on the surface of the flexible mesh 3.

[0046] The first limiting groove 19 is an inclined groove, with its high end close to the side of the space frame 2 and its bottom end close to the middle of the space frame 2.

[0047] The second limiting groove 20 has an L-shaped structure. The second limiting groove 20 is composed of a horizontal groove 201 and a vertical groove 202. The vertical groove 202 is located on the side of the horizontal groove 201 away from the middle of the grid frame 2. The high end of the vertical groove 202 is connected to the corresponding end of the horizontal groove 201.

[0048] In this embodiment, the high end of the first limiting groove 19 is flush with the top side of the groove wall of the horizontal groove 201, and the bottom end of the first limiting groove 19 is flush with the bottom end of the vertical groove 202.

[0049] Therefore, when the moving block 6 moves toward the side of the mesh frame 2, the movable shaft 18 can move toward the vertical groove 202 in the horizontal groove 201 under the combined action of the first limiting groove 19 and the second limiting groove 20. That is, the moving block 6 first pushes the movable shaft 18 through the groove wall of the first limiting groove 19. When the movable shaft 18 moves to the junction of the horizontal groove 201 and the vertical groove 202, as the moving block 6 continues to move toward the side of the mesh frame 2, the movable shaft 18 will enter the vertical groove 202 under the squeezing action of the groove wall of the first limiting groove 19, and continue to move downward along the vertical groove 202, so as to realize the movement state of the movable shaft 18 first moving horizontally toward the side of the mesh frame 2, and then moving downward. During this period, the second scraper 17 at the bottom of the second connecting rod 16 moves horizontally first and then vertically downward to scrape the dirt attached to the surface of the flexible mesh 3, thereby increasing the scraping coverage of the surface of the flexible mesh 3.

[0050] Example 2

[0051] Please combine Figures 1 to 10 This embodiment is an improved version of embodiment 1, specifically as follows:

[0052] The bottom of the first scraper 7 is elastically rotatably connected to the third scraper 21, and the scraping surface of the third scraper 21 is in contact with the surface of the flexible mesh 3. In this embodiment, the first scraper 7 and the third scraper 21 are connected by a coil spring and a coil shaft. When the coil spring is not deformed, the third scraper 21 and the first scraper 7 remain in the same vertical plane.

[0053] The third scraper 21 has a guide groove 22 parallel to its extension direction. The end of the second scraper 17 near the first scraper 7 is always located in the guide groove 22 and can move relative to the groove wall of the guide groove 22.

[0054] In this embodiment, when the movable shaft 18 moves horizontally towards the vertical groove 202, the third scraper 21 and the first scraper 7 are in the same vertical direction, and one end of the third scraper 21 is always kept on one side within the guide groove 22. When the movable shaft 18 moves downward within the vertical groove 202, since the moving block 6 continues to move towards the side of the mesh frame 2, the first scraper 7 drives the third scraper 21 to move synchronously with the moving block 6. Then, under the limiting sliding and squeezing action of the end of the second scraper 17, the third scraper 21 will rotate around the roll at a certain angle, further increasing the cleaning coverage area of ​​the flexible mesh 3 surface.

[0055] A roller 24 is installed inside the end of the second scraper 17. Part of the roller 24 protrudes from the end face of the second scraper 17 to roll and contact the guide groove 22 wall. That is, when the end of the second scraper 17 limits and squeezes the third scraper 21 and moves relative to it in the guide groove 22, it will force the roller 24 to rotate.

[0056] A first transmission gear 26 is coaxially fixed on the roller 24. A second transmission gear 27 meshes with the first transmission gear 26 inside the second scraper 17. A first bevel gear 28 is coaxially fixed on the second transmission gear 27. A second bevel gear 29 meshes with the first bevel gear 28 inside the second scraper 17. A second cylinder 30 is rotatably mounted inside the second scraper 17 via a positioning plate. One end of the second cylinder 30 is inserted and fixed at the center of the second bevel gear 29, and the other end is threaded with a screw (not shown). The second scraper 17 has a plug groove 32, and a piston 31 is located inside the plug groove 32. One end of the screw is fixed to one side of the piston 31. A telescopic rod 33 is provided between the piston 31 and the positioning plate. Water can be contained in the plug groove 32.

[0057] The second scraper 17 has a first connecting hole 361 on the side away from the flexible mesh 3, allowing water to flow unidirectionally into the plug groove 32. The second scraper 17 has a flow channel 34 and a second connecting hole 362. A plurality of nozzles 35 are evenly distributed on the brush layer 25, and the input end of each nozzle 35 is connected to the flow channel 34. The second connecting hole 362 connects the plug groove 32 and the flow channel 34, and only allows water in the plug groove 32 to flow unidirectionally into the flow channel 34. The first connecting hole 361 and the second connecting hole 362 are located on the side of the second scraper 17 away from the third scraper 21.

[0058] In this embodiment, initially, when the second scraper 17 has not moved down, the piston 31 is located in the plug groove 32 on the side away from the connecting hole. When the second scraper 17 moves down, the roller 24 will roll in the guide groove 22 to drive the first transmission gear 26, the second transmission gear 27, the first bevel gear 28, the second bevel gear 29, and the second cylinder 30 to rotate synchronously, so that the second cylinder 30 and the screw have a threaded interaction. Under the limiting action of the telescopic rod 33, the screw pushes the piston 31 to move in the plug groove 32 toward the connecting hole, so as to squeeze the water in the plug groove 32 into the flow channel 34, and spray a high-pressure water column onto the back surface of the flexible net 3 through the spray pipe 35 to form a backwash of the flexible net 3. Combined with the scraping action of the second scraper 17, it further removes the stubborn dirt attached to the surface of the flexible net 3.

[0059] When the second scraper 17 moves upwards, the piston 31 moves in the reverse direction in the plug groove 32, thereby drawing water from the ditch 1 into the plug groove 32 through the first connecting hole 361, in preparation for the next backwashing operation of the flexible net 3. This process is repeated, allowing for large-area and efficient cleaning of the flexible net 3 surface, preventing dirt in the water from clogging the mesh when no mudslide occurs, and ensuring unobstructed water flow in the ditch 1.

[0060] In this embodiment, valve assemblies are installed in both the first connecting hole 361 and the second connecting hole 362. Each valve assembly includes a first fixing block 37 fixed within the connecting hole. The first fixing block 37 has a flow-through hole (not shown) in its center, and a valve seat 38 is fixed within the flow-through hole. The valve seat 38 has a valve groove 39 with a hemispherical cross-section on the side near the outlet end of the connecting hole, and an inlet hole (not shown) connecting to the valve groove 39 on the opposite side. A second fixing block 41 is fixed within the flow-through hole on the side near the outlet end of the second connecting hole 362. The side of the second fixing block 41 facing the valve groove 39 is connected by a spring to a valve ball 40 that seals against the valve groove 39. When the spring is not deformed, the valve ball 40 completely seals the valve groove 39, preventing water from flowing from the outlet end of the connecting hole to its inlet end.

[0061] The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Any non-substantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A flexible ecological debris flow retaining dam, characterized in that, The system includes a gully and at least two retaining dams distributed sequentially within the gully. Each retaining dam includes a mesh frame fixed to the gully and a flexible net laid on the mesh frame. A cleaning device is installed on the mesh frame and is driven by water in the gully to clean and unclog the surface of the flexible net. The cleaning device includes a positioning seat, which is disposed on the top of the mesh frame. A movable block that can move along its length is movably disposed on the back side of the positioning seat. A first scraper is vertically disposed at the bottom of the movable block, and the scraping surface of the first scraper is in contact with the back side of the flexible mesh. The cleaning device also includes a support frame, which is fixed to the water-facing side of the net frame. An impeller submerged below the water surface in the ditch is provided at the bottom of the support frame. A first sprocket is coaxially fixed on the impeller. A second sprocket is provided on the support frame above the first sprocket. The first sprocket and the second sprocket are connected by a chain drive. The second sprocket drives the moving block to reciprocate through a transmission assembly. The transmission assembly includes a first cylinder, which is coaxially fixed at the center of the second sprocket. A first connecting rod is inserted into one end of the first cylinder. A closed, continuous, and wavy track groove is formed on the inner wall of the first cylinder. A track block is provided on the first connecting rod that slides and engages with the track groove. One end of the first connecting rod is fixed to one side of the moving block. The cleaning device further includes a movable shaft. The movable block has a first limiting groove, and the positioning seat has a second limiting groove. One end of the movable shaft passes through the first limiting groove and the second limiting groove in sequence, and the outer periphery of the movable shaft is slidably engaged with the groove walls of the first limiting groove and the second limiting groove, respectively. The other end of the movable shaft is fixed with a second connecting rod parallel to the first scraper. The bottom of the second connecting rod is fixed with a second scraper parallel to the positioning seat, and the scraping surface of the second scraper contacts the surface of the flexible mesh. When the moving block moves toward the side of the grid frame, the movable shaft can move horizontally toward the side of the grid frame first, and then move downward, under the combined action of the first limiting groove and the second limiting groove.

2. The flexible ecological debris flow retaining dam as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the positioning seat is provided with a guide rail, and the top of the moving block is slidably engaged on the guide rail.

3. The flexible ecological debris flow retaining dam as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first limiting groove is an inclined groove, with its high end close to the side of the space frame and its low end close to the middle of the space frame.

4. The flexible ecological debris flow retaining dam as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The second limiting groove has an L-shaped structure and is composed of a horizontal groove and a vertical groove. The vertical groove is located on the side of the horizontal groove away from the middle of the grid frame, and the high end of the vertical groove is connected to the corresponding end of the horizontal groove.

5. The flexible ecological debris flow retaining dam as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The second scraper has a brush layer on the side facing the flexible mesh.

6. The flexible ecological debris flow retaining dam as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A drainage ditch is provided on the bottom plate of the ditch.

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